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UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON 



HANDBOOK 

OF 



Commercial Treaties 



DIGESTS OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES, 
CONVENTIONS, AND OTHER AGREE- 
MENTS OF COMMERCIAL INTEREST 
BETWEEN ALL NATIONS 



mm. 



m^ 



WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1922 



UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON 

HANDBOOK 

OF 

Commercial Treaties 



DIGESTS OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES, 
CONVENTIONS, AND OTHER AGREE- 
MENTS OF COMMERCIAL INTEREST 
BETWEEN ALL NATIONS 




WASHINGTON 
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1922 






UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION. 

Office: Eighth and E Streets NW., Washington, D. C. 

COMMISSIONERS. 

Thomas O. Marvin, Chairman. 
William S. Culbertson, Vice Chairman. 
David J. Lewis. 
Edward P. Costigan. 
Thomas Walker Page. 
William Burgess. 

John F. BETHUNii. Hevretary. 



LIBRARY OF CONGf^eSS 

RECEIVED 

JUL 261922 

DOCUMENTS DIViSlOr.' 



ADDITIONAL COPIES 

O I THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM 

THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

AT 

75 cents' PER COPY 



FOREWORD. 

Section 704 of the act creating the United States Tariff Commis- 
sion provides " That the Commission shall have power to investi- 
gate * * * commercial treaties * * *." 

In pursuance of this authorization of law and to supply an ade- 
quate handbook on commercial treaties at this time when many 
nations are considering the revision of their commercial treaties, the 
Tariff Commission has prepared this classified summary of the stipu- 
lations contained in the commercial treaties, conventions, and tariff 
agreements among all nations. The treaties of Austria-Hungary,. 
Bulgaria, Germany, Russia, and Turkey have been included to show 
the character and extent of their commercial treaty relations before 
the war of 1914—1918 ; with this exception and a few others indicated 
in the body of the work onl}^ the commercial treaties now in force 
among the various countries are included in this volume. 

By far the largest part of the work consists of digests of bilateral 
treaties. The form of these digests shows at a glance in which 
treaties, and in respect to what matters, stipulation is made of most- 
favored-nation treatment, or national treatment, or both ; and in each 
case reference is made to the article, section, or clause of the treaty in 
question, so that the full text of any stipulation may be readily found. 
This part of the volume is arranged on the dictionary plan, alpha- 
betically by countries, and is therefore self -indexing to a great extent. 
To avoid unnecessary duplication and to facilitate use of the hand- 
book, each digest of a bilateral treaty is printed once only, i. e., under 
the country which comes first in alphabetical order, and cross refer- 
ence to the treaty is made under the other country. 

For multilateral conventions, the chronological order has been 
adopted. The various countries which are parties thereto are enu- 
merated at the beginning of each digest. Reference to multilateral 
conventions by subjects is made in the table of contents. 

A complete chronological index to the entire work is supplied by 
the list of treaties preceding the digests. T^ e reader should bear in 
mind, however, that this index includes many additional agreements 
of commercial interest not anal^^zed in this volume, giving reference 
to texts in each case. 



IV . FOREWORD. 

Finally, the concluding chapter sets out the established principles 
of international law concerning negotiation and operation of treaties, 
and forms of procedure relating thereto. 

An Appendix gives lists of treaties granting specified tariff rates 
or pledging most-favored nation treatment in regard to customs 
duties. These lists give the treaties in force on July 28, 1914, the 
denunciations during the war or since, and new treaties up to March 
1, 1922, including several recent treaties which do not appear in the 
chronological list of treaties on pages 15-101. 

Acknowledgment is appreciatively made to the Department of 
State, the Library of Congress, the Carnegie Endowment Library, 
and to other departmental libraries for courtesies extended in the 
preparation of this work. 



In the preparation of this volume the Commission had the services 
of Dr. Herman G. A. Brauer, of the Commission's staff. Assistance 
has been rendered also by Miss Marie A. Kasten and others of the 
staff. 

Washington, D. C, March 1, 1922. 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 

PREFACE m 

blbliogbaphy and list of abreeviations ix 

Introduction : 

Scope and purpose of this publication 1 

Publication of treaty texts 1 

Form and language of digests 2 

Most-favored-nation treatment 2 

National treatment 5 

National or most-favored-nation treatment 7 

Other provisions in treaties 9 

Rights independent of treaties 10 

Rights and disabilities of aliens under statute law 11 

Rights of aliens under international law 12 

Jurisdiction of aliens- 12 

Exterritorial jurisdiction 13 

Chronological list of treaties 15 

D'iGESTS of bilateral TREATIES ! ^ 

America, United States of 103 

Argentina 163 

Australia 176 

Austria 176 

Austria-Hungary 187 

Belgium 228 

Bolivia 272 

Borpeo , 283 

Brazil 284 

British Empire 290 

Bulgaria 391 

Canada 414 

Chile 414 

China i 420 

Colombia 444 

Congo . 458 

Corea 459 

Costa Rica 459 

Cuba 461 

Czechoslovakia 466 

Danzig 472 

Denmark 474 

Dominican Republic 497 

Ecuador 501 

Egypt 506 

Ethiopia (Abyssinia) 507 

Finland 508 

^ For additional bilateral agreements not analyzed in this volume see chronological 
reference list, pp. 15-98. 

T 



VI CONTENTS. 

Digests of bilateral treaties — ^Contiiiued. Page. 

Fi-ance 513 

Germany 54(3 

Great Britain 290 

Greece 598 

Guatemala 612 

Haiti 615 

Hedjaz 615 

Hondnras 615 

Hungary ^_ 623 

India 63:: 

Italy 6^2.. 

Japan 

Jugoslavia. (See Serb-Croat-Slovene State.) 
Korea. (See Corea.) 

Liberia 69() 

Luxemburg 692 

Mexico 692 

Monaco 7U1 

Montenegro 701 

Morocco 704 

Muscat 704 

Netherlands 705 

New Zealand 71S 

Newfoundland 718 

Nicaragua 718 

Norway 720 

Panama 724 

Paraguay 724 

Persia 726 

Peru 731 

Poland 733 

Portugal 730 

Rumania 745 

Russia 757 

Salvador 766 

Serb-Croat-Slovene State (Serbia) 771 

Siam 779 

South Africa 783 

Spain 783 

Sweden . 791 

Switzerland 792 

Tonga - . 792 

Tripoli 792 

Turkey 793 

United States 103 

Uruguay T93 

Venezuela T94 

West Indies 794 

Zanzibar 794 

Digests of multilateral conventions on following subjects :* 

Aerial navigation, No. 505 840 

Agriculture, international institute of, No. 478 806 

* For additional multilateral agreements not analyzed in this volume see chronological 
reference list, pp. 99-101. 



CONTENTS. VII 

Digests of multilateral conventions ox following subjects — Contd. -Page. 

Arms and uumnition, control of trade in, No. 503 836 

Artistic works, protection of, No. 486 812 

Assistance and salvage at sea, No. 493 822 

Automobiles, international circulation of, No. 487 816 

Berlin, convention revising act of. No. 502 834 

Birds useful to agriculture, No. 475 804 

Brussels, act and declaration of, No. 502 834 

Cables, submarine, protection of, No. 466 799 

Central American federation. No. 509 847 

Civil procedure, convention relating to, No. 479 807 

Collisions between vessels, No. 494 " 823 

Concert pitch, establishment of. No. 467 ^ 800 

Congo, conventions concerning, No. 502 834 

Copyright union, Nos. 486, 490 812,818 

Court of justice. No. 508 846 

Customs tariffs, publication of, No. 472 803 

Designs, No. 492 821 

Drugs, potent, No. 484 811 

Elbe, stade toll on the, No. 460 795 

False declaration of origin, No. 496 827 

Fisheries, North Sea, No. 465 799 

Foreign trade statistics, classification of, No. 501 833 

Fur seals, preservation and protection of, No. 497 827 

Guardianship of minors. No. 476 ^ 805 

Hospital ships, No. 477 806 

Hygiene, office of public, No. 485 812 

Industrial models. No. 492 821 

Industrial property, protection of, No. 495 825 

Inland navigation, vessels for, No. 474 804 

Inventions, No. 492 821 

Labor, international organization, No. 507 844 

Liquor traffic in Africa, No. 504 i 839 

Liquor traffic in North Sea, No. 470 80i 

Matches, prohibiting white phosphorus in, No. 483 811 

Metric convention (weights and measures), No. 462 796 

Minors, guardianship of. No. 476 805 

Models, No. 492 821 

Motor vehicles, international circulation of, No. 487 816 

Nations, League of, No. 506 842 

Night work for women, No. 482 810 

North Sea fisheries, police of, No. 465 799 

North Sea liquor traffic, No. 470 801 

Obscene publications, repression of, No. 488 816 

Opium, suppressing abuse of, No. 499 : 830 

Origin, false declaration of, No. 496 827 

Patents, No. 492 821 

Pharmacopaaial formulae for potent drugs, No. 484 811 

Phosphorus in matches, prohibiting w^hite. No. 483 811 

Phylloxera, convention concerning, No. 464 798 

Postal convention, universal. No. 481 808 

Potent drugs, agreement respecting, No. 484 811 

Public hygiene, international office of. No. 485 812 

Radiotelegraphy, No. 500 831 



VIII 



CONTENTS. 



Digests of multilatekal conventions on following suBfECTS — Contd. Page, 

Railway, transportation of goods by, No. 473 804 

Railway trucks, sealing' of. No. 469 801 

Railways, technical standardization of. No. 468 801 

Salvage at sea, No. 493 822 

Sanitary convention (General) No. 498 828 

Sanitary convention ( Inter- American ) , No. 480 808 

Scheldt, toll dues on the, No. 461— 796 

Seals, preservation and protection of, No. 497 827 

Sound and Belts, toll dues on the. No. 459 795 

Stade toll on the Elbe, No. 460 ^ 795 

Statistics of foreign trade, classification of, No. 501 833 

Submarine cables, protection of. No. 466 ^ 799 

Suez Canal, free navigation of, No. 471 802 

Telegraphic convention. No. 463 797 

Telegraphy, wireless. No. 500 831 

Tonnage measurement of vessels. No. 474 804 

Trade-marks — 

Protection of. No. 491 819 

International registration of, No. 495 825 

Transportation by rail. No. 473 804 

Vessels — 

Tonnage measurement of, No. 474 ■._ 804 

Collisions between. No. 494 823 

Weights -and measures, international office of, No. 462 ^ 796 

White slave traffic, suppression of. No. 489 817 

Wireless telegraphy, No. 500 . 831 

Negotiation and operation of treaties: 

Historical development of treaties 848 

Antecedent conditions of validity of international contracts 850 

Negotiation, conclusion, ratification, and proclamation of treaties 853 

Types and forms of international compacts 859 

Construction and interpretation of treaties 862 

Operation and enforcement of treaties 863 

Duration, termination, and renewal of treaties 865 



APPENDIX. 



Treaties granting specified tariff rates or pledging most-favored-nation 
treatment in regard to customs duties. Denunciations, terminations, 

and new treaties to March 1, 1922 . .. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



LIST OF WORKS CITED AND ABBREVIATIONS EMPLOYED. 

A. J. I. L American Journal of International Law and Supple- 

ment. New York, 1907-. 

Act. Diplom Actos Diplomaticos. See Brazil. 

Act. Int Actos Internacionales. See Peru. 

Addl. Art Additional article. 

Agrt-^ Agreement. 

Ann. Am. Acad Annals of the American Academy of Political and 

Social Science. Phila., 1890-. 
Anson, Sir Wm Law and Custom of the Constitution. 3d ed. Oxford, 

1907-9. 
Argentina Tratados, convenciones, protocolos, actos y acuerdos 

internacionales. Buenos Aires. 1912, 11 vols. 

Atti Pari ^Atti Parlamentari. See Italy. 

Austria-Hungary See Neumann. 

B. F. S. P British and Foreign State Papers. London, 1814- 

1919, vols. 1-111. 

Basdevant, J —See France. 

Bd. Tr. J Board of Trade Journal. London, 1887-. 

Belgium Moniteur beige (official). Brussels 1831-. 

Traites de commerce et de navigation, conventions, 
relatives aux attributions consulaires, ainsi qu' a 
la proprigte litt^raire, artistique ou industrielle ac- 
tuellement en vigeur entre la Belgique et les pays 
etrangeres. Braine-le-Comte, 1900. . Supplement, 
Brussels, 1908. 
See also Busschere. 

BoL, Boll., Bull Boletin, Bolletino, Bulletin. 

Bol. Bel. Ext Boletin de Relaciones Exteriores. See Peru, Sal- 
vador. 

Bolivia Tratados Vigentes. La Paz, 1913. 

Boll. Leg. Dog BoUettino di legislazione e statistica doganale e cora- 

merciale. See Italy. 

Borchard, Edwin M The Diplomatic Protection of Citizens Abroad. New 

York, 1916. 

Brazil Actos Diplomaticos, 1493-1912. Rio de Janeiro, 1912, 

2 vols. 
Codigo das relagoes exteriores * * *. Rio de Ja- 
neiro, 1900. 
Diario Official. Rio de Janeiro, 1833-. 

Breukelman, J. B See Lagemans. 

British and Foreign See B. F. S. P. 
State Papers. 

Bull Bulletin. 

Bundesbl Bundesblatt. Switzerland. 

Bundesgbl .Bundesgesetzblatt. Austria. 

IX 



X BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

Bnsscherp, Alphonse Code de traites et arrangements internationaiix hi- 
de, editor. teressant la Belgique. Brussels, 1896-7, 2 vols. 

Calvo, Charles Dictionnaire de droit international public et priv4. 

Berlin, 1885, 2 vols. 

Card, E. Rouard de .Traites de commerce conclus par le Maroc avec les 

puissances etrangdres. Paris, 1919. 

Charles, Garfield See United States, Treaties. 

Chile Recopilaci6n de tratados y convenciones celebrados 

entre la republica de Chile y las potencias extran- 
jeras. Santiago, 1894-1913, vols. 1-6. 

China China Imperial Maritime Customs, III. Miscellane- 
ous Series, No. 30. Treaties, Conventions, etc., be- 
tween China and Foreign States. Shanghai, 1908, 
2 vols. Supplementary vol., 1917. 
See also Hertslet, MacMurray, and Rockhill. 

■Clercq, de. A, J. H, Recueil des traites de la France. Paris, Ministere 

and Jules, editors. des affaires etrangeres, 1864-1907, vols. 1-22. 

€od. Rel. Ext Codigo das relagoes exteriores * * * , See Brazil. 

Colombia ..Coleccion de tratados publicos de las Estados Unidos 

de Colombia. Bogota, 1883, 1906, 1913. 

Com. Agrt Commercial agreement. 

-Cong. Rec Congressional record. 

Conv. Int Convenciones internacionales. See Nicaragua. 

Corpus Juris Corpus Juris, edited by Wm. Mack and W. B. Hale 

New York, 1914-, vol. 1-. 

Costa Rica___ Coleccion de tratados. San Jos6, 1907, 1 vol. 

Crandall, Samuel B Treaties, their Making and Enforcement. Washington, 

2d ed., 1916. 

Cuba_ Convenios y tratados, 1903-1908. Habana, vol. 1, 1912. 

Cur. Hist - .-_ New York Times Supplement, Current History. 

D. G. Diario del Gobierno. See Mexico. 

'^^-^Wk'-.^r-. Diario do Governo. See Portugal. 

^. O Diario official. See Brazil. 

Danske Tr See Denmark. 

Decl Declaration. 

Denmark Danske Tractater. 1751-1800. Copenhagen, 1882. 

Danske Tractater efter 1800. Handels og andre Trac- 
tater, 1800-1S63. Copenhagen, 1874. 
Danske Tractater efter 1800, 1863-1879. Copenhagen, 
1885. 

Descamps et Renault- Recueil international des traites du XXe si^cle. 

Baron Descamps, Louis Renault, and others, 1901- 
1905. Paris, 1902-1915, vols. 1-5. 

Diplom Diplomatic. 

Doc Document. 

Dominican Republic Tratados internacionales. Santo Domingo, 1896. 

E. G Eidgenossische Gesetzsannnlnng. See Switzerland. 

Ecuador Convenios Diplomaticos. Quito, 1916. 

L'Europe nouvelle L'Europe nouvelle, 1919-. 

Ex Executive. 

Finland Finlands Forfattningssamling. 1921, No. 187. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. XI 

For. Rel Foreiun Relations. 

Foster, John Watson The Practice of Diplomacy as illustrated in the For- 

i eign Relations of the United States. Boston and 

New York, 1906. 

Fi'ance Journal officiel de la Republiqne Frangaise. Paris, 

1789-. 
Trait^s et conventions en vigeur, entre la France et 
les puissances etrangdres. J. Basdevant. Paris, 
Ministere des affairs etrnngeres, 1919, 3 vols. 
See also Clercq. 

O. B. T. S See Great Brita:n, Treaty Series. 

G. U Gazetta Ufficiale. See Italy. 

Ga de Madrid Gaceta de ^fadrid. Madrid. 1700-. 

Germany Handelsvertrage des Deutscheu Reichs. Berlin, 1906 

and 1915. 
Reichsgesetzblatt. Berlin. 

Great Britain Parliamentary Debates (official reports). London, 

1803- vol. 1-. 
Parliamentary Papers (accounts and papers). Lon- 
don. 1801-. 
Treaty series, London, 1892-. 
See also B. F. S. P., Hdb., and Hertslet. 

Greece Traites et conventions. 1912, (Greek, French, and 

English texts). 

Guatemala Coleccion de tratados de Guatemala. Ramon A. Sala- 

zar. .Guatemala, 1892-1912, 2 vols. 
El Guatemalteco (official gazette). 

Haiti 1 Recueil des traites et conventions de la Republique 

d* Haiti. .Jacques Nicholas Leger. Port-au-Prince, 
1891. 

Hall. Wm. E A Treatise on International Law. 7th ed. London and 

New York, 1917. 

Hdb Handbook of Treaties, etc., relating to commerce and 

navigation between Great Britain and foreign 
powers. Edited by Gaston de Bernhardt. London, 
1912. 

Hdv Handelsvertrage des Deutsclien Reichs. Berlin, 1906 

and 1915. 
Hertslet, Sir Edward, China Treaties. Treaties between Great Britain and 
editor. China ; and between China and foreign 

powers * '■= * affecting British interests in 
China. In force 1 Jan.. 1908. 3d ed. rev., London, 
1908, 2 vols. 
The Map of Europe by Treaty. London, 1875-1891, 
4 vols. 
Hertslec and others Commercial Treaties. Treaties and conventions be- 
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vols. 1-27. 

Honduras Tratados vigentes de la Republica de Honduras. 

1905-15. 2 vols. 

I. I. I Bulletin de I'institute intermMiaire international. 

Harlem, The Hague, 1919. 
Int. Labor Rev International Labor Review, Geneva. 



XII BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

Italy Atti Parlamentari, Camera clei Deputati. Rome. 

Bollettino di legislazione e statistica doganale e com- 

merciale. Rome, 1884-, 
Gazzetta ufHciale del regno d'ltalia. Turin, Florence, 

Rome, I860-. 
Trattati e convenzioni tra il regno d'ltalia e gli stati 

esteri. Turin, 1865-1907, vols. 1-15. 
Trattati di commercio, dogana e navigazione fra 
ritalia e gli altri stati in vigore al 1 Settembre, 
1911. Rome, 1911, 2 vols. Appendice I, Rome, 1914. 

Japan Traites et conventions entre I'Empire Japon et les 

puissances etrangeres. Tokyo, 1918. 
Jones, Chester Lloyd The American Interpretation of the Most-Favored-Na- 
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L. N. M. S League of Nations Monthly Summary. 

L. N. O. J League of Nations Official Journal. 

L. N. T. S ; League of Nations Treaty Series. 

Lagemans, E. G Recueil des traites et conventions conclus par le 

royaume des Pays-Bas avec les puissances etran- 
geres, depuis 1813 jusqu' a nos jours (continue par J. 
B. Breukelman). 

M. B Moniteur beige. See Belgium. 

M a c M u r r a y, John Treaties and Agreements with and concerning China, 
Van Antwerp, editor. 1894-1919. New. York, 1921. 

Malloy, William M See United States, Treaties. 

Martens, de, F Traite de droit international. Paris, 1883, 3 vols. 

Martens, Georg Friedrich Recueil des traites. 1817-1919, 95 vols. Gottingen, 
von, editor. 1817-1835, 8 vols. 

Supplement, 1802-1828, 10 vols., Dumont et Rousset. 
Nouveau recueil, 1817-1841, 16 vols. 
Nouveau recueil general, 1843-1875, 20 vols. 
Nouveau recueil general, 1876-1908, 35 vols., Charles 

Samwer et Jules Hopf. 
Nouveau recueil general, 3rd Series, 1909-1919, 9 vols., 
Heinrich Triepel. 

Mexico Diario del Gobierno. Mexico, 1835-1912. 

Tratados y Convenciones Vigentes. Mexico, 1909, 2 
vols. 

Monitorul O Monitorul Oficial. See Rumania. 

Moore, John Bassett A Digest of International Law. Washington, 1906. 

Morocco Bulletin officiel de I'Empire Cherifien. Fez. 

See also Card. 
Mowat, R. B., and Oakes, The Great European Treaties of the Nineteenth Cen- 
Sir Augustas Henry. tury. Oxford, 1918. 

Nation The Nation. New York, 1865-. 

Netherlands Staatsblad von het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden. 

See also Lagemans. 
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Vienna, 26 vols. 

Nicaragua- Convenciones internacionales, etc. 1913. 

Nippold, Otfried Der Volkerrechtliche Vertrag, seine Stellung im 

Rechtssystem und seine Bedeutung fiir das" inter- 
nationale Recht. Berne, 1894. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. XIII 

Norway Norge.s Handels-og-Sj0farts Tractater. Christiania, 

1914. 

O., U Official, ufficiale. 

O. in C Orders in Council. 

Oppenheim, L. F. L International Law, a treatise, 2d ed, London and New 

York, 1912. 2 vols. 
League of Nations and its problems. London and New 
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P. A. U. Bull _-__.Pan American Union Bulletin. 

P.I La propriete industrielle (Organ of the interna- 
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Pact. Int Pactos internacionales. See Salvador. 

Paraguay Coleccion de tratados celebrados (official). Asuncion, 

1890. 

Pari. Papers Parliamentary Papers. See Great Britain. 

Persia Recueil des traites de I'empire persan. Teheran, 1908. 

Peru Actos internacionales. Lima, 1916. 

Boletin de relaciones exteriores. Lima. 
Coleccion de los tratadoFi por Ricardo Aranda. Lima, 
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Plason See Neumann. 

Portugal Collecgao de Tratados, etc., 1640-1906. 42 vols. 

Diario del Governo. Lisbon. 

R. G. P. I Recueil general de la legislation et des traites con- 

cernant la propriete industrielle. Berne, 1896-1912. 

Rap. Con. Fed Rapport du conseil federal. See Switzerland. 

Reciprocity, etc Reciprocity and Commercial Treaties. See United 

States, Tariff Commission. 

Reg Regulations. 

Reichsanzeiger Deutscher Reichsanzeiger und Preussischer Staatsan- 

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Reichsgbl Reichsgesetzblatt. Berlin. 

Reinsch, Paul S Public International Unions, 2d ed. Boston, 1916. 

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Rockhill, Wm. Wood- Treaties and Conventions with or concerning China 
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Rumania Monitorul oficial. Bucharest. 

Russia Soviet Russia. New York, 1919- 

S Senate. 

Salvador Boletin del ministerio de relaciones exteriores. 

Pactos internacionales. 1913, 3 vols. 

Sandgren, Carl Recueil de^ traites, conventions et autres actes diplo- 

matiques de la SuMe entierement ou partiellement 
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Supplement, 1913. 

Satow, Sir Ernest A Guide to Diplomatic Practice. London and New 

York, 1917, 2 vols. 

Scott, James Brown, edi- The Treaties of 1785, 1799, and 1828 between the 
^^^' United States and Prussia, as interpreted in opin- 

ions of attorneys general, decisions of courts, and 
diplomatic correspondence. New York, 1918. 



XIV BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

Sec Section. 

Serbia Srbske Noviiie (official). Belgrade. 

Spain Coleccion de los tratados, convenios y documentos in- 

teniaclonales. Madrid. 1890-1906, 13 vols. 

StaatsarcMv Sammluug der offiziellen Aktenstiicke zur Geschiclite 

der Gegeuwart. Hamburg, 1861-71; Lei]»zig,, 
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Staalsbl Staatsblaad. See Netlierlands. 

State Department See United States. State Department. 

State reapers See B. F. S. P. 

Suijp Supplement. 

S verges og Norges Trak- See Sweden. 
tater. 

Sweden See Sandgren, Carl. 

S verges Traktater, etc. Stockholm, 1877- 

Switzerland Bundesblatt. 

Eidgenossiscbe Gesetzsanuiilung. Berne, 1884- 
Rapport du conseil federal. 1919. 

T. S Treaty Series. 

Tariff Commission See United States Tariff Commission. 

Tr Treaties, Trait^s, Tratados, Trattati. 

U. S. T. S See United States. Treaty Series. 

United States Commerce Reports. Department of Commerce, Wash- 
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Congressional Record. Washington, D. C, 1874-. 
Department of Commerce. Tariff Series, 1907-. 
Foreign Relations. Washington, D. C, 1870-. 
Instructions to the Diplomatic Officers of the United 
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1897 (amended to 1912). 
Senate Documents. Washington, D. C, 1818- 
Senate Executive Documents. Washington, D. C.,. 

1848-. 
State Department dispatches. 
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Tariff Commission. Reciprocity and C o m m e r c i a I 

Treaties. Washington, D. C, 1919. 
Treaties, conventions, international acts, protocols,, 
and agreements between the United States of Amer- 
ica and other powers, 1776-1909, compiled by Wil- 
liam M. Malloy. Washington, D. C, 1910, 2 vols. 
Supplement, compiled by Garfield Charles. Wash- 
ington, D. C, 1913, 1 vol. 
Uruguay Boletin del Ministerio de relaciones exteriores. Mon- 
tevideo. 

Venezuela Colecci6n de tratados publicos de Venezuela, oficiaL 

Caracas, 1910. 
Westlake, John International Law. 2d ed., 1910-13. 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



INTRODUCTION. 

SCOPE AND PURPOSE OF THIS PUBLICATION. 

This handbook is designed to supply a summary or digest of the 
stipulations contained in the commercial treaties of all nations. It 
is distinctly a pioneer work, the first of its kind in any language. 

Eyer}^ country which participates largely in the world's commerce^ 
industry, or shipping not only must be concerned with the rights 
and privileges secured by its own treaties with other nations, but 
is vitally interested also in the rights, favors, advantages, and 
privileges which other States may have secured by treaty in the 
different countries. Accordingly, these digests include not only 
stipulations contained in the commercial treaties of the United 
States, but also treaties, conventions, and other agreements ^ of com- 
mercial interest between all nations. 

On the other hand, provisions enacted b}^ national legislation in 
the different countries are not included in this publication. The line 
must be drawn somewhere, and other works are available in the 
English language dealing with national or internal legislation of the 
different countries on various subjects, such as " The International 
Customs Bulletin," " Kelly's Customs Tariffs of the World," " Com- 
mercial Laws of the World," " Shipping World Yearbook," " States- 
man's Year-Book," and similar publications dealing with various 
aspects of international commerce. 

PUBLICATIONS OF TREATY TEXTS. 

No digests or synopses of any countr^^'s treaties have ever been 
published. Nearly all Governments, however, have from time to 
time issued compilations of the texts of their treaties and other inter- 
national engagements. The titles of these publications, aggregating 
over 100 volumes in the different languages, will be found under the 
respective countries in the alphabetical list of abbreviations accom- 
panying this work. 

In addition to these separate compilations of the treaties of a single 
country, several general collections of treaties of all nations have 

^ For different forms and designations of international engagements, see Satow, II : 
©4-271. 



2 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TEEATIES. ! 

been published periodically for many years. Of these the most ■ 
comprehensive are " British and Foreign State Papers," 111 volumes, j 
to December 31, 1918, and De Martens' " Eecueil de Traites," in 95 | 
volumes to 1920. j 

Another comprehensive collection of texts of international treaties i 
has been recently begun in the " Treaty Series " published by the ) 
League of Nations since September, 1920, in accordance with Article 
18 of the covenant of the league. This collection is designed to ■ 
include every international engagement - which becomes finally bind- ^ 
ing after 10 January, 1920, to which any member of the league is a : 
party ; the texts being published in the original languages and also ! 
in English and French translations. 

In the earlier collections of treaties above referred to, many of i 
the texts are without English translations, and, moreover, many of ^ 
the treaties have become obsolete. The United States Tariff Com- 
mission therefore deemed it advisable to sift out those treaties and i 
commercial agreements which are still effective and, for convenience i 
of reference, to condense these voluminous texts so as to present, in ' 
plain commercial English and within the compass of a single volume, i 
the substance of stipulations in all commercial treaties in force be- I 
tween the different nations of the world. 

I 

FORM AND LANGUAGE OF DIGESTS. j 

In the digests here published, stipulations of similar nature oc- '■ 
curring in the same treaty have been grouped together under appro- , 
priate headings, for convenience of reference, however diffused such \ 
provisions may be in the original text of the treaty. These headings - i 
convey their own meaning, except perhaps the two most conspicuous , i 
of all, namely, " National treatment " and " Most-favored-nation (j 
treatment." To give a clear and concrete idea of their meaning, and j 
at the same time illustrate the method employed in the synopses j 
throughout this volume, the following explanatory material is added I 
for the benefit of readers not familiar with the language of inter- i 
national treaties : ^ 

MOST-FA VORED-NATION TREATMENT. 'i 

In the making of commercial treaties each State desires to be \ 

assured that its citizens, officials, products, vessels, etc., will be A 

treated by other States at least as favorably as those of any other J 

^country, and that whatever concessions or guarantees have been or ^ 

may thereafter be granted to other States shall likewise be granted j 

2 Far a statement regarding the material required to be registered under Article 18 of , 
tlie covenant and procedure relating thereto, see memorandum approved by the council of J 
the League of Nations in its Oflicial Journal No. 4 : 154-7. J 



i:KrTRODUCTIO]S'. 6 

to it. Accordingly, to safeguard against possible oversight at the 
time of making a treaty and to reduce the necessity for repetitions 
an instrument was devised which would automatically assure to 
newly contracting States the benefit of any concessions made, pre- 
viously or afterwards, to third States. That instrument is the most- 
favored-nation clause, the purpose of which is to prevent the estab- 
lishment of distinctions, preferences, or discriminations in the grant- 
ing of concessions or guarantees secured by treaties. 

Most-favored-nation clauses occur in commercial treaties in a large 
variety of forms.^ Only two of these, however, require notice in 
this connection ; namely, the " conditional " and the " unconditional " 
forms of most-favored-nation treatment. A comparison of typical 
specimens of these will make clear the essential distinction between 
the two forms. 

Unconditional most-favored-nation treatment. 

The following example of unconditional most- favored-nation 
treatment is from the treaty of 1 August, 1911, between Great Brit- 
ain and Bolivia : 

The High Contracting Parties agree that in all matters relating to commerce 
and industry any privilege, favor, or immunity whatever which either High 
Contracting Party has actually granted or may hereafter grant to any other 
foreign State shall be extended immediately and unconditionally to the sub- 
jects or citizens of the other Contracting Party; it being their intention that 
the commerce and industry of each country shall be placed, in all respects, 
by the other on the footing of the most favored nation. (Art. V.) 

This is the form of most-favored-nation clause as expressed very 
generally (with slight variations in the wording) in the treaties of 
Great Britain* and of other European countries. 

Conditional most-favored-nation treatment. 

In treaties of the United States the most-favored-nation clause is 
almost always expressed in what is known as the conditional form, 
of which the following is a typical example from the treaty of 
21 February, 1911, between the United States and Japan : 

Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Treaty, the High Contracting 
Parties agree that, in all that concerns commerce and navigation, any privilege, 
favor, or immunity which either Contracting Party has actually granted, or 
may hereafter grant, to the citizens or subjects of any other State shall be 
extended to the citizens or subjects of the other Contracting Party gratuitously, 
if the concession in favor of that other State shall have been gratuitous, and 
on the same or equivalent conditions, if the co7icession shall have been condi- 
tional. (Art. XIV.) 

3 For a full discussion and classification of the different types of most-favored-nation 
clauses,, see U. S. Tariff Commission, Report on Reciprocity and Commercial Treaties: 
389-456. 

* For a compilation of most-favored-nation clauses in the treaties of Great Britain, see 
Pari. Papers 1907, Cd. 3395. 

54083—22 2 



4 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

A comparison of tKe two forms of most- favored-nation clause just 
quoted will show that the essential distinction between them is this : 
The conditional form recognizes and records a distinction between 

concessions gratuitously made^ and concessions made in return for 
an equivalent; whereas the unconditional form names no conditions 
or circumstances under which concessions shall be made as between 
the contracting parties. 

Interpretation of most-favored-nation clause. 

Expressed in the foregoing forms, whether conditional or uncondi- 
tional, the language is definite and clear, leaving little or no room 
for quibbling or misunderstandings. But in the so-called general or 
indefinite form, the clause merely states in general terms that any 
favor, privilege, or immunity granted by either contracting party 
to an}^ third State shall be likewise accorded to the other contracting 
party. Expressed in this form the language of the clause is mani- 
fest'l}' open to different constructions, and as a well-known fact, 
directly opposite views are taken by American and European 
authorities as to whether the mutual concessions are to be regarded 
as made conditionally or unconditionally. According to the 
" American " ^ construction, consistently maintained from the begin- 
ning and upheld by the United States Supreme Court, the most- 
favored-nation clause in the general or indefinite form is to be con- 
strued as though it were worded in the conditional form. 

Digests of most-favored-nation clauses. 

Needless to say, most- favored-nation stipulations in treaties are 
not confined to a single clause pledging reciprocal privileges, favors, 
or immunities in comprehensive but general terms. In addition to a 
general or covering clause resembling those quoted above, treaties 
usually contain express provisions stipulating most-favored-nation 
treatment in respect to specified matters, often in language which 
does not make use of the words " most favored nation." 

The following typical specimens will show the wording of such 
special provisions in treaties, and at the same time will exemplify 
the method employed in condensing the texts of these stipulations, as 
shown by the digests cited below : 

No other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the terri- 
tories of the United States of any article, the produce or manufacture of the 
territories of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, from whatever place arriving ; 



^ Among European jurists who approve of the American construction are Westlake and 
de Martens. For a full discussion of the American construction of fche most-favored- 
nation clause in its various applications, see Crandall, sees. 172-7, and the authorities 
and judicial decisions there cited. A digest of decisions of American courts construing 
treaties arranged by countries and treaties is given in the same work, Appendix I ; 
466-634. For the operation of the most-favored-nation clause, see a>so Jones, Ann. Am. 
Acad., vol. 32, pp. 119-29. 



INTEODUCTION. 5 

jiiicl no other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the 
territories of His Majesty the Emperor of Japan of any article, the produce or 
manufacture of the territories of the United States, from whatever place arriv- 
ing, than on the like article produced or manufactured in any other foreign 
country. (Treaty of 22 Nov., 1894, Art. IV.) 

Neither Contracting Party shall impose any other or higher duties or charges 
on the exportation of any article to the territories of the other than are or may 
be payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign country. 

Nor shall any prohibition be imposed by either country on the importation 
or exportation of any article from or to the territories of the other, which shall 
not equally extend to the like article imported from or exported to any other 
country. The last provision is not, however, applicable to prohibitions or 
restrictions maintained or imposed as sanitary measures or for purposes of 
protecting animals and useful plants. (Treaty of 21 Feb., 1911, Art. V.) 

Vessels charged with performance of regular scheduled postal service of 
one of the High Contracting Parties, whether belonging to the State or sub- 
sidized by it for the purpose, shall enjoy, in the ports of the territories of the 
other, the same facilities, privileges and immunities as are granted to like 
vessels of the most favored nation, (Ibid,, Art. XII,) 

In the digests published in this volume, the clauses last cited are 
condensed in the following form : 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condi- 
tionally pledged with regard to : 

(a) All duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other, from whatever place arriving. 
(Treaty of 22 Nov., 1894, Art. IV.) 

(6) All duties or charges imposed by either country on ex- 
portation of any article to territories of the other. (Treaty of 
21 Feb., 1911, Art. V.) 

(c) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against 
importation or exportation of any article to or from territories 
of the other; except sanitary measures, and measures to pro- 
tect animals or useful plants. (Ibid.) 

(d) All facilities, privileges and immunities granted in 
ports of the territories of either country to vessels charged 
with regular scheduled postal service of the other contracting 
party, whether owned b}^ the State or subsidized by it for the 
purpose. (Ibid., Art. XII.) 

A comparison of the foregoing synopses with the full treaty text of 
the same stipulations (as quoted above) will help the reader to 
understand clearly the condensed language employed in the digests 
throughout this work. 

NATIONAL TREATMENT. 

All stipulations in commercial treaties which provide that citi- 
zens of either contracting party shall enjo}^ in the other country 



L 



6 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL. TREATIES. 

the same rights or privileges as its own citizens or nationals, in re- 
spect to the matters named, are summarized in this volume under the 
caption " National treatment." Of course national treatment, like 
most- favored-nation treatment, may or may not be reciprocal, and 
may be general or absolute, or limited in a variety of ways. The 
extent or type of national treatment, however, is apparent from the 
language employed in each case, and therefore need concern us no 
further in these illustrations, the sole purpose of which is to explain 
certain technical terms or professional forms of expression neces- 
sarily employed in a work of this kind. 

A few examples of national-treatment clauses® will convey a 
clearer conception of their meaning than elaborate explanations 
would do. The following specimens are taken from the treaty of 
3 July, 1815, between the United States and Great Britain : 

No higher or other duties or charges shall be imposed in any of the ports 
of the United States on British vessels than those payable in the same ports 
by vessels of the United States ; nor in the ports of any of His Britannick 
Majesty's territories in Europe on the vessels of the United States than shall 
be payable in the same ports on British vessels. 

The same duties shall be paid on the importation into the United States 
of any articles the growth, produce or manufacture of His Britannick Majesty's 
territories in Europe, whether such importation shall be in vessels of the 
United States or in British vessels, and the same duties shall be paid on the 
importation into the ports of any of His Britannick Majesty's territories in 
Europe, of any article the growth, produce or manufacture of the United 
States, whether such importation shall be in British vessels or in vessels of the 
United States. 

The same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties allowed, on the ex- 
portation of any articles the growth, produce or manufacture of His Britannick 
Majesty's territories in Europe to the United States, whether such exportation 
shall be in vessels of the United States or in British vessels; and the same 
duties shall be paid, and the same bounties allowed, on the exportation of any 
articles the growth, produce or manufacture of the United States, to His 
Britannick Majesty's territories in Europe, whether such exportation shall be 
in British vessels or in vessels of the United States. 

It is further agreed that in all cases where drawbacks are or may be 
allowed upon the re-exportation of any goods the growth, produce or manu- 
facture of either country, respectively, the amount of the said drawbacks shall 
be the same, whether the said goods shall have been originally imported in 
a British or an American vessel, but when such re-exportation shall take place 
from the United States in a British vessel, or from the territories of His 
Britannick Majesty in Europe in an American vessel, to any other foreign 
nation, the two contracting parties reserve to themselves, respectively, the 
right of regulating or diminishing, in such case, the amount of the said draw- 
back. (Art. II.) 

• For a compilation of national-treatment clauses in the treaties of Great Britain, see 
Pari. Papers, 1907, Cd. 3396. 



INTRODUCTION. I 

In this handbook the above stipulations are condensed, under the 
appropriate heading, in the following form : 

National treatment is reciprocally pledged (but limited 
to European territories of Great Britain) in respect to : 

(a) All duties or charges imposed in ports of either country 
on vessels of the other. (Art. II.) 

(h) All duties levied by either country on importation of 
products of the other, whether imported in vessels of either 
nation. (Ibid.) 

(c) All duties imposed or bounties allowed by either coun- 
try on exportation of its products to the other, whether ex- 
ported in vessels of either nation. (Ibid.) 

(d) Any drawbacks allowed by either country on reexpor- 
tation of products of the other, whether originally imported 
in vessels of either nation ; except when reexportation is made 
from either country in ships of the other to any other foreign 
nation, in which case both countries reserve the right to deter- 
mine the amount of said drawback. (Ibid.) 

NATIONAL OR MOST-FA VORED-NATION TREATMENT. 

The examples heretofore cited of most-favored-nation and of na- 
tional treatment clauses are typical specimens, as to both form and 
substance. Many treaties, however, besides granting national or 
most-favored-nation treatment in separate clauses, contain provisions 
in which national and most-favored-nation treatment are included in 
the same stipulation, as in the following examples from the treaty 
of 13 May, 1858, between the United States and Bolivia: 

All kinds of produce, manufactures or merchandise of any foreign country' 
which can, from time to time, be lawfully imported into the United States in 
their own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the Republic of Bolivia; 
and no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of- the vessel and her cargo 
shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in the vessels 
of the one country or of the other ; and in like manner all kinds of produce, 
manufactures and merchandise of any foreign country that can be, from time 
to time, lawfully imported into the Republic of Bolivia in its own vessels, 
whether in her ports upon the Pacific or her ports upon the tributaries of the 
Amazon or La Plata, may be also imported in vessels of the United States ; and 
no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo shall 
be levied or ©ollected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one 
country or of the other. And they agree that what may be lawfully exported 
or re-exported from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, 
may, in like manner, be exported or re-exported in vessels of the other country ; 
and the same bounties, duties and drawbacks shall be allowed and collected, 
whether such exportation or re-exportation be made in vessels of the United 
States or of the Republic of Bolivia. 

In all these respects the vessels and their cargoes of the one country, in the 
ports of the other, shall also be on an equal footing with those of the most 



8 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

favored nation. It being- further understood that these principles shall apply 
whether the vessels shall have cleared directly from the ports of the nation 
to which they appertain, or from the ports of any other nation. (Art. IV.) 
It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, com- 
manders of ships, and other citizens of either country, to manage themselves 
their own business, in all the ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of the 
other, as well with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and 
merchandise, by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading 
and sending oft their ships ; they being in all these cases to be treated as 
citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a foot- 
ing with the citizens or subjects of the most favored nation. (Art. VII.) 

The Republic of Bolivia, desiring to increase the intercourse between the 
Pacific ports by means of steam navigation, engages to accord to any citizen 
or citizens of the United States who may establish a line of steam-vessels to 
navigate regularly between the different ports and bays of the coasts of Bolivian 
territory, the same privileges of taking in and landing freight and cargo, enter- 
ing the by-ports for the purpose of receiving and landing passengers and their 
baggage and money, carrying the public mails, establishing depots for coal, 
erecting the necessary machine and work shops for repairing and refitting the 
steam-vessels, and all other favors enjoyed by any other association or company 
whatsoever of the same character. It is furthermore understood between the 
two high contracting parties that the steam-vessels of either shall not be subject, 
in the ports of the other party, to any duties of tonnage, harbor, or other similar 
duties whatsoever than those that are or may be paid by any other association 
or company. (Art. VIII.) 

The substance of the extensive stipulations last quoted is given in 
these digests in the following form : 

National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with regard to the following matters: 

(a) Any products of foreign countries which may lawfully 
be imported into, and any articles which may lawfully be ex- 
ported or reexported from either country in its own vessels, 
may likewise be imported, exported, or reexported in ships of 
the other, from whatever place arriving and for any foreign 
destination without paying higher or other duties on tonnage 
of the vessel and her cargo, and subject to the same bounties, 
duties, or drawbacks, as when carried in national vessels or 
those of the most favored nation. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Citizens of either country may, in all ports and places 
subject to jurisdiction of the other, manage their own business, 
as regards consignment and sale of merchandise by wholesale 
or retail, and loading, unloading, or dispatching of ships. 
(Art. VII.) 

(c) Bolivia further engages to accord to citizens of the 
United States who may establish a line of steamships for regu- 
lar service between ports and bays on the Pacific Coast of 
Bolivia the same privileges, advantages, and favors enjoyed 
by any other association or company of the same character. 



INTRODUCTION. 9 

Steamships of either country shall not be subjected in ports 
of the other to any duties of tonnage, harbor, or other similar 
duties whatsoever than those payable by any other association 
or company. (Art. VIII.) 

OTHER PROVISIONS IN TREATIES. 

The examples heretofore cited have all related to national or most- 
favored-nation treatment. Commercial treaties, however, contain 
provisions on a wide variety of other subjects, such as conditions of 
residence, travel, and trade; immigration and emigration: police 
protection and civil rights; admission of diplomatic and consular 
officials, their rights and activities; vehicles and instruments of 
communication and transportation; navigation, quarantine and har- 
bor regulations, and dues relating thereto; conditions for importa- 
tion, exportation, transit, transfer, warehousing; tariffs and customs 
laws; protection to patents, trade-marks, copyrights, and other 
industrial property rights ; possession and disposal of, or succession 
to, real and personal property; payment of taxes; rights of com- 
mercial, industrial, or financial associations; exemption from mili- 
tary service, municipal functions, forced loans, and extraordinary 
levies; treatment of commercial travelers and their samples; boun- 
ties and drawbacks, internal duties and local dues; treatment of 
vessels seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck; salvage opera- 
tions and dues; coasting trade and port-to-port trade with foreign 
cargoes ; exterritorial jurisdiction ; freedom of religion and right of 
burial; and numerous other rights, privileges, interests, or condi- 
tions affecting citizens and corporations of one country residing and 
operating in the other. In other words, provisions in commercial 
treaties may be as wide and diversified as the objects, interests, 
activities, and instruments of commerce and industry in all their 
phases, so as to protect the rights and interests of nations and indi- 
viduals participating in commercial' and industrial development on 
an international scale. 

In the digests throughout this work treaty stipulations other than 
most-favored-nation and national-treatment provisions are sum- 
marized under the caption " Other provisions." Naturally, in a 
work of this kind clauses relating to customs duties and regulations 
or to other matters bearing directly on commercial interests and 
privileges are treated more fully than provisions which only indi- 
rectly and remotely concern commercial or industrial relations be- 
twe^en the contracting countries. In each case, however, reference is 
made to the article or section of the treaty in question, so that the 
full text of any stipulation may be readily found whenever wanted 



10 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

for any purpose. The following example is from the treaty of 
26 February, 1871, between the United States and Italy: 
Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from 
comjDulsory military service, by land or sea; from judicial or 
municipal office, and from any contribution in lieu of per- 
sonal service. (Art. III.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from 
any embargo, and from any detention with their vessels, car- 
goes, merchandise or effects, for military expeditions of for 
any other purpose, unless sufficient indemnification is allowed. 
(Art. lY.) 

(c) Eight of vessels of either country to discharge foreign 
cargoes at different ports of the other on the same voyage ; 
but coastwise navigation is reserved by each country to itself. 
(Art. VII.) 

(d) Statement of conditions under which vessels of either 
country are exempt from tonnage, anchorage, and clearance 
duties in ports of the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Extensive provisions regarding enrolment of sailors 
(Art. X); restoration of vessels captured by pirates (Art. 
XI), and reciprocal rights in the event of war (Arts. XII- 
XXI). 

RIGHTS INDEPENDENT OF TREATIES. 

A word of caution should perhaps be added with reference to 
rights not derived from treaties. In the first place, it must always 
be remembered that treaties are not the exclusive source or measure 
of the rights and privileges of aliens in a given country. The fact 
that no treaty exists between two nations therefore does not mean 
that the citizens of the one have no rights whatever in the other. 
Moreover, a comparison of treaties shows at a glance that some are 
much more complete and detailed than others in specifying the 
rights and privileges assured to citizens of the contracting States 
in the countries concerned. This does not mean that citizens of 
States having less complete treaties with a given country neces- 
sarily have fewer rights in that country than other foreigners whose 
home States have more extensive or more detailed treaties with the 
country in question. As a well known fact, numerous rights and 
privileges are assured to aliens in all civilized countries by domes- 
tic legislation through national or municipal laws, whether general 
laws applying to nationals and aliens alike, or special laws con- 
cerning aliens alone. 

In the progress of many .centuries, the legal position of the alien 
has advanced from that of complete outlawry in the days of early 



INTRODUCTION. 11 

Rome to practical assimilation with nationals at the present time in 
most civilized countries. Provided he owns any nationality at all, 
an alien can not be outlawed in foreign countries, but must be 
afforded protection of his person and property. 

RIGHTS AND DISABILITIES OF ALIENS UNDER STATUTE LAW. 

This issuot the place to enumerate the rights and disabilities of 
different classes of aliens under national laws in the different coun- 
tries, as the details vary from State to State and, unless guaranteed 
by treaty are subject to change without notice. In a general way, the 
legal position of the resident alien in civilized countries is, in his 
private relations, practically the same as that of the national, or 
citizen, except minor disabilities in some countries concerning acqui- 
sition and conveyance of landed property, ownership of national ves- 
sels, etc. ; and except certain restrictions or prohibitions based on 
social and economic grounds, such as laws relating to immigration, 
exercise of certain trades or professions, surtaxes on foreign corpora- 
tions, etc. In a word, the modern tendency has been to bring about 
an approximation of the alien to the citizen in the enjoyment of civil 
as contrasted with political rights. 

In the United States, for example, resident alien friends are en- 
titled to the benefit of the provision of the Federal Constitution that 
no State shall deprive " any person " of life, liberty, or property with- 
out due process of law, or deny to " any person " the equal protection 
of the law. These rights and privileges include both personal rights 
and property rights. Moreover, the legislatures of the several States 
have full power to confer upon aliens rights within their jurisdic- 
tions which otherwise they would not have.''' Similar provision is 
made by all civilized countries concerning treatment of aliens within 
their jurisdiction,^ the general principles being either embodied in 
their constitutions, or regarded as so fundamental that no express 
declaration or guaranty is required. 

On the other hand, statutes exist in many countries restricting 
the rights of aliens in specified ways, as for example, the follow- 
ing section from the Code of Laws for the District of Columbia, 
which forbids aliens, under penalty of forfeiture, to acquire and 
own real estate or any interest therein. Incidentally this statute 
illustrates also the important fact that rights granted by treaty are 
generally more stable, and therefore more dependable, than rights 
,base*d only on national laws in the different countries. 

It shall be unlawful for any person not a citizen of the United States, or who 
has not lawfully declared his intention to become such citizen, or for any 

' For a detailed statement of privileges and disabilities of aliens in the United States, 
based on decisions of the courts, see article Aliens, 2 Corpus Juris : 1046-75. 



:12 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

corporation not created by or under the laws of the United States or of some 
State or Territory of the United States, to acquire and own real estate, oi- 
any interest therein, in the District of Columbia, except such as may be 
acquired by inheritance: Provided, That the prohibition of this section shall 
not apply to cases in which the right to hold and dispose of lands in the 
United States is secured by existing treaties to the citizens or subjects of for- 
eign countries * * * and shall not apply to the ownership of foreign lega- 
tions or the ownership of residences bj^ representatives of foreign governments 
or attaches thereof. (Sec. 396.) 

RIGHTS OF ALIENS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW. 

In addition to and independently of any rights assured to aliens 
by the local law of civilized States, international law and estab- 
lished custom have secured for the foreigner a certain standard of 
justice and minimum of rights relating to life, liberty, and property 
by which a State must be guided in its treatment of aliens, quite 
apart from any treaty it may have with the alien's home State. In 
short, every State is by the law of nations compelled at least to grant 
to aliens equality before the law with its own citizens as far as safety 
of person and property is concerned; and corrupt administration of 
the law against natives is no excuse for the same against aliens. 

JURISDICTION OF ALIENS. 

As a general rule foreigners in a given country must accept for 
their protection the institutions, whether of government or of justice, 
which the inhabitants of the State find suitable to themselves. In 
other words, aliens are under the complete territorial jurisdiction 
of the country of residence, and subject to the local courts and 
authorities, and their home States will not normally interfere for 
their protection so long as they enjoy equal treatment with natives. 
But to this rule there are important exceptions. The mere fact that 
aliens have been granted the rights authorized by local law, and 
equality of treatment with natives, is not necessarily a full and final 
compliance with international requirements. Accordingly, inter- 
national obligations of a State can not be avoided or reduced by 
provisions of municipal law, or by the fact that a State violates the 
rights of its own citizens. 

If, therefore, the laws of a given country should be arbitrarily 
•unreasonable and out of harmony with the standard of civilized 
States, or if the administration of its laws transgresses the prescrip- 
tions of civilized justice, or if in any respect there is an abuse of the 
rights of territorial jurisdiction as provided by treaties or estab- 
lished customs, the sovereignty of the alien's home State reasserts 
itself and emerges in the form of diplomatic protection, which con- 
stitutes therefore a limitation upon the territorial jurisdiction of 
the State in WMdh the alien is settled or is conducting business. 



INTRODUCTIOX. 13 

EXTERRITORIAL JURISDICTION. 

Apart from affording effective protection to foreigners as regards 
their persons and property, such as may be deemed adequate under 
international law, every State can treat aliens according to discre- 
tion, unless restricted through treaties between the countries con- 
cerned. Such restrictions are of varying kinds and degrees and may 
differ in detail from country to country. The largest derogation 
from a State's territorial sovereignty is found in backward countries 
where other States exercise what is known as exterritorial jurisdic- 
tion. For example, in certain countries of deficient civilization or 
fundamental differences in law, religion, and social habits the States 
of European civilization have secured for their citizens partial or 
complete exemption from the operation of local law, as in China, 
Egypt. Morocco, Muscat, Persia, Siam, ^nd Turkey. By treaty or 
custom these countries have surrendered a considerable portion of 
their judisdiction over aliens to States of European civilization, 
who exercise jurisdiction over their own nationals in those countries, 
by courts and authorities established and regulated by their own 
municipal legislation, usually through their consular representatives. 
The extent of the exemption from local law depends in each case 
almost entirely upon treaty. 

From what has been said it will be readily understood that treaties 
between highly developed nations may be less complete and specific 
with reference to fundamental rights than treaties between countries 
on a lower plane of civilization and culture, or between countries 
fundamentally different in morals or religion. It must, therefore, 
never be assumed that the more specific a nation's treaties with a 
given country may be, the more numerous are the rights of its citi- 
zens as compared with other foreigners in that particular country; 
or that, because nothing is said about certain rights in treaties with 
a given country, therefore foreigners in that country are without 
those rights. As often as not, the reverse might be true; for the 
less there is taken for granted, the more detailed must be the ex- 
pression of rights to be assured by treaties.^ 

' For a comprehensive discussion of the rights and disabilities of aliens in practically 
every civilized country, and numerous publications dealing with these rights, see Borchard ; 
also Moore, IV: 2-238. 



BILATERAL TREATIES,^ CONVENTIONS, AND AGREEMENTS. 

ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. See p. 98. 
AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF. 



Treaties with— 



Colombia. 



Costa Rica 

Cuba 

Denmark. 



No.i 



Description. 



Argentina 1 Treaty . Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 10 July, 1853 

Treaty , Commerce and navigation 27 July, 1853 

Convention. Commercial travelers 22 Oct., 1920 

English, Cong. Rec. 61: 14. (Ratification advised 
by XJ. S. Senate; ratification on the part of Argen- 
tina still pending, 1 Oct., 1921.) 

Austria 3 Treaty of peace 

Austria-Hungary* Treaty, Commerce and navigation 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 29. 

Convention . Property and consular 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 33; English and German, 
Martens 43: 154. 

Convention. Consular 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 39; Martens 51: 44. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 47; Martens 51: 50. 

Convention . Copyright (Hungary) 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. Ill: 17; Martens 94: 451; 
B. F. S. P. 105: 1024; Enghsh and Hungarian, 
U. S. T. S. No. 571. 

Belgium 4 Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 94; EngUsh and French, 
Martens 58: 480. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 104; EngUsh and French, 
Martens 61: 794. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 111; MacMurray I: 542. 

BoUvia 5 Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Borneo 6 Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Brazil Agreement. Trade-marks 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 146. 

Arrangement. Preferential tariff 

China Treaty. Peace, amity, and commerce 

EngUsh, U . S. Tr. I: 196; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
539 (note); French, Martens 36: 134. 

Treaty. Amity and commerce 

Treaty. Trade,consuls, and emigration 

10 Treaty. Commercial and judicial 

11 Treaty. Commerce 

withll Treaty. Supplementary to treaty of 1903 

12 Treaty. Amity and commerce 

Convention. Consular 

EngUsh, U.. S. Tr. I: 314; EngUsh and Spanish, 
Martens 44: 280. 

13 Treaty. Settlement of differences 

14 Treaty. Commerce and navigation 10 July, 1851 

15 Convention. Commercial 11 Dec. ,1902 

16 Convention . Commerce and navigation 26 Apr., 1826 

17 Convention. Sound dues 11 Apr., 1857 

Convention. Consular 11 July, 1861 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 383. 

Convention. Trade-marks 15 June, 1892 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 389; Martens 72: 293. 

Agreement . Industrial property 26 June, 1906 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 396; B. F. S. P. 99: 1039; 
English and French, Martens 85: 278. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China /19 Mar., 1907 

Enghsh, TJ. S. Tr. I: 399. !\25 Mar., 1907 

Convention. Danish West Indies ; 4 Aug., 1916 

English and Danish, U. S. T. S. No. 629; EnglL^-h, I 
A. J. I. L., Supp. 11: 53. ! 

Ecuador Convention. Commercial travelers 31 Dec, 1919 

EngUsh, Cong. Rec. 59: 1536. (Ratification advised 
by U. S. Senate; ratification on part of Ecuador 
stm pending, 1 Oct., 1921.) ! 

Convention. Gold clearance fund \ 25 May, 1920 

EngUsh, International High Commission, 1919. { 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 1 

* Nos. and pages refer to treaties analyzed. » See p. 187, note 20. 

'"Treaties in the lists, pp. 15-101, which grant sepcifled tariff rates or pledge most- 
f^vored-nation treatment in regard to customs duties are listed again in the appendix, 
p. 869. This appendix gives the treaties in force at the outbreak of the war, and de- 
nunciations, terminations, and new treaties to 1 Mar., 1922, including several not 
mentioned in this list. 

15 



Signed. 



24 Aug., 1921 
27 Aug., 1829 

8 May, 1848 



11 July, 1870 
25 Nov., 1871 
30 Jan., 1912 



8 Mar., 1875 

9 Mar., 1880 



7 Apr., 1884 



27 Nov., 1905 

13 May, 1858 

23 June, 1850 

24 Dec, 1878 

4 Jan., 1922 
3 July, 1844 



18 June, 1858 
28 July, 1868 
17 Nov., 1880 

8 Oct., 1903 
20 Oct., 1920 
12 Dec, 1846 

4 May, 1850 



Apr., 1914, 



Page.* 



16 



HAis^DBOOK or COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



Egypt 

Ethiopia (Abys- 
sinia). 
France 



Germany: 



No. 



with 20 



Great Britain.. 



24 



25 



26 



Description. 



Agreement. Commerce and customs 

Treaty. Commercial 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention . Consular 

Convention. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 534; French, France Tr. T: 245. 

Agreement. Relations in Tunis 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 544; B. F. S. P. 97: 954; FrenCh, 
France Tr. I: 250; French and English, Martens 
84: 513. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 545; MacMurray I: 538. 

Exchange of notes. Copyright in China 

English, MacMurray I: 927. 

Agreement. Duration treaty of 1822 

Treaty. Amity and commerce (Prussia) 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1477. 

Treaty. Amity and commerce ( Prussia) 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1486; English and French, 
B. F. S. P. 15: 882, 886. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation (Hanseatic 
Republics) . 
EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 901; German, Hdv. 1906: 1292; 
French and English, Martens 15 (pt. 1): 362. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Prussia) 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1496. 

Treaty. Commerce (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 

English, U. S. Tr. 1: 1074; German, Hdv. 1906: 1277; 
Martens 39: 643. 

Convention. Consular , 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 550; German, Reichsgbl. 1872: 
95. 

Agreement. Copyright , 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 557; B. F. S. P. 84: 1186; Eng- 
lish and German, Martens 67: 934. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in Morocco 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 559. 

Agreement . Trade-marks in China •. . 

English, U.S. Tr. I: .560; MacMurray I: 544. 

Convention. Patents, etc 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 578; B. F. S. P. 102: 443; A. J. 
I. L., Supp. 3: 278. 

Treaty of peace 

Convention . Commerce 

Convention. Fisheries, etc 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 631; Hdb. 1912: 984; German 
and French, Martens (transl.) 12: 570. 

Convention . Extending convention of 1815 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 645; Hdb. 1912: 987; Martens 
15: 476. . 

Treaty of Washington 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 737; Hdb. 1912: 993; Martens 
52: 527, 

Conventiop.. Pf operty 

Convention. Samogn' Islands 

English, U. S. Tr. 11; 1595; English and German, 
B. F. S. P. 91: 75; Martens 80: 683. 

Agreement . Trade-marks in Morocco 

English, U, S. Tr. I; 778; Hdb. 1912: 1004; B. F. 
g. P. 05: 56. 

Treaty. Interoceanic canal, etc 

Convention. Supplementary to convention of 2 Mar., 
1899. 
English, U. S. Tr. I: 776; B. F. S. P. 95; 114; Mar- 
tens 70: 641; Pari. Papers, 1902 (cd. 1073), 130: 
655. 

Convention. Import duties (Zanzibar) . . ; 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 784; Hdb. 1912: 1008; Martens 
81: 350; B. F. S. P. 95: 115; Hertslet 23: 1240. 

Treaty. Harbor dues (Zanzibar) 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 785; Hdb. 1912: 1010; Martens 
81: 561; B. F. S. P. 96: 90. 

Treaty. Exterritoriality (Zanzibar) 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 795; Martens 84: 510; B. F. 
S. P. 98: 107. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 800; Hdb. 1912: 1012; Martens 
88: 855; B. F. S. P. 98: 158; Hertslet's China Tr. 
I: 604; MacMurray I: 502. 



Signed. 



Page. 



16 Nov., 1884 125 
27 June, 1914 126 

24 June, 1822 i 126 
23 Feb., 1853 127 
16 Apr., 1869 j 

15 Mar., 1904 I 



3 Oct., 1905 
27 Dec, 1911 



17 July, 1919 

10 Sept., 1785 

11 July, 1799 
20 Dec, 1827 



1 May, 
9 Dec, 

11 Dec, 

15 Jan., 



^28 Sept. 
8 Oct., 
6 Dec, 



1828 
1847 

1871 

1892 



1901 
1901 
1905 



23 Feb., 1909 



25 Aug. 
3 July, 
20 Oct.. 



1921 
1815 
1818 



6 Aug., 1827 



8 May, 
24 Oct., 



2 Mar. 
2 Dec. 



9 Oct., 
6 Dec, 

18 Nov., 
13 Jan., 



1871 
1877 



1899 
1899 



1899 

1901 
1902 



31 May, 1902 

5 June, 1903 

25 Feb., 1905 

28 June, 1905 



126 



127 
129 



130 



131 

132 



• See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF— Continued. 



17 



Treaties with- 



Great Britain- 
Continued. 



Greece. 



Guatemala. 



Haiti. 



Honduras. 
Hungary *. 
Italy 



Japan . 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 



No. 



with 27 



28 



29 



Description. 



with 32 
with 33 



Morocco 

Muscat 

Netherlands. 



Nicaragua. 



Norway. 
Panama. 



Agreement . Paten ts in Morocco . . 

English, V. S. Tr. I: 808; Hdb. 1912: 1014; B. F. 
S. P. 100: 586; Hertslet 25: 936. 

Declarations. CommeTcial travelers' samples 

Enghsh, U. S. T. S. No. 552; Hdb. 1912: 1015; Mar- 
tens 92: 822; B. F. S. P. 103: 331. 

Agreement. North Atlantic fisheries 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. Ill: 66; Martens 91: 673; 
B. F. S. P. 105: 28i; Pari. Papers 1912 (cd. 6450), 
122: 639; A. J. I. L., Supp. 7: 14. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Additional to treaty of 1837 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr.I: 854; Englishand Greek, Greece 
Tr. 1912: 135. 

Convention . Consular 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 855; Martens 81: 466; B. F. 
S. P. 95: 799. 

Agreement. Duration treaty of 1837 

Convention . Property. 

English, U. S. Tr. 1: 876; B. F. S. P. 94: 621; Mar- 
tens 81: 704. 

Convention . Commercial travelers 

Convention . Gold clearance fund 

Enghsh, International High Commission, 1919. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 

Treaty. Economic development 

Convention. Gold clearance fund 

English, International High Commission, 1919. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct,, 1921.) 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 977; Italian, Martens 54: 272. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

English,U. S. Tr. I: 984; Italian, Martens 58: 641. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in Morocco 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 989; B. F. S. P. 98: 750. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 991; MacMurray, I: 547. 

Convention. Amending treaty of 1871 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Copyright 

English,!!. S. Tr. I: 1037; Japan, Tr.l918; 10; Mar- 
tens 84: 715; B. F. S. P. 101: 463. 

Treasty . Trade-marks in China 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 1043; Japan, Tr. 1918: 15; 
Martens 87: 679; B. F. S. P. 101: 1034; MacMur- 
ray I: 735. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Mutual interest in China 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Dei'laration. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 1057; B. F. S. P. 98: 752 \ 
Englishand French Martens, 82: 373. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Treaty. Amity and commerce 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1265. 

Agreement . Trade-marks in Cljina 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1273; MacMurray I: 540. 

Convention. Commercial travelers 

Eng\ish,Cong. Re?. 59: 1536. (Ratification advised 
b j> U. S. Senate; ratification on part of Nicaragua 
still pending, 1 Oct., 1921.) 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Ship canal 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1349; B. F. S. P. 96: 553; 
Martens 81: 599; Staatsarchiv.69: 313; A.J. I. L., 
Supp. 3: 130. 

Convention. Commercial travelers , , , . 

Exchange of notes. Declarations of shippers regarding 
value of merchandise. 
English,r.S.T. S.No.578; B.F. S. P.107: 1089..,. 

Convention. Gold clearan'e fund , , 

Enghsh, International High Commission, 191'9. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 



Signed. 



4 Feb., 
24 June, 

3 Dec, 
8 Dec, 

20 July, 



22 Dec, 
10 Feb., 



2 Dec, 



18 Oct., 
27 Aug., 



3 Dec. 

4 Dec. 



16 Sept. 
14 Jan., 



4 July, 
29 Aug., 
26 Feb., 

8 May, 



1907 



1907 

1910 
1910 


}- 




1912 






1837 
1890 


132 


1902 




1920 
1901 


132- 


1918 
1919 




134^ 


1915 
1920 




135 



1864 
1921 
1871 

1878 



1 June, 1882 



ri3 June, 
[12 Mar., 
18 Dec, 

25 Feb., 
22 Nov., 
10 Nov., 



1904 
1904 
1905 

1913 
1894 
1905 



19 May, 1908 



21 Feb., 

2 Nov., 

21 Oct., 

23 Dec, 



16 Sept., 
21 Sept: 
26 Aug., 
16 Feb., 



1911 
1917 
1862 
1904 



1835 
1833 
1852 
1883 



23 Oct., 1905 
5 Jan., 1920 



4 July, 
18 Nov. 



8 Feb., 
17 Apr., 



1827 
1903 



1919 
1913 



10 Jan., 1920 



Page. 



135 
137 

138 



139 
140 



140 
142 
143 



144 
145 
145 



146 



147 



^Seep.187, note20. 



18 



HAI^DBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF— Continued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Paraguay 


41 
42 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


4 Feb., 1859 
20 Oct., 1919 

7 Nov., 1919 

13 Dec, 1856 
17 June, 1881 

31 Mar., 1906 
25 June, 1904 

28 June, 1906 

28 Jan., 1919 

14 Oct., 1881 

14 Oct., 1881 

16 Dec, 1920 

3 July, 1902 
1 Jime, 1910 

7 Mar., 1913 

25 Nov., 1850 
/27 Apr., 1883 
\14May, 1883 

4 Jime, 1805 
7 May, 1830 

11 Aug., 1874 

27 Aug., 1918 
3 July, 1919 


148 




Con vp,Ti ti on . Com m eroi al travelers 






English, Cong. Rec. 59: 2302. (Ratifications not 
yet exchanged.) 
Convention. Gold clearance fund 




Persia 


English, International High Commission, 1919. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce . . 


150 


Rumania 


Convention. Consular . 








English, U.S.Tr. II: 1505; Martens 64: 112. 
Convention. Trade-marks. . . 




Russia^ 


English, U. S. Tr. II: 1510; Martens 85: 204; 
French, B. F. S. P. 101: 579. 






43 
44 

45 
46 


English, U. S. Tr. II: 1534; French, Martens 82: 
371; Descamps et Renault 1904: 992; Staatsarchiv. 
74: 173. 
Agreement. Trade-marks in China 




Salvador 


English, U. S. Tr. II: 1535; Enghsh and French, 
Martens, 93: 392. 
Convention. Commercial travelers 


151 


Serb - Croat - Slo- 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


152 


A^ene State.e 


Convention. Consular 






English, U. S. Tr. II: 1618; Martens 61: 749 . . 




Siam 


Treaty. Revising previous treaties . .. 


153 






156 


Sweden . 


Convention. Consular 






47 

48 
49 

50 
51 


English, U. S. Tr. Ill: 112; B. F. S. P. 103: 1004; 
English and Swedish, Martens 92: 516; U. S. T. 
S. No. 557. 
Agreement. Trade-marks in China 




Switzerland 


English, B. F. S. P. 108: 607; MacMurray II: 1002. 
Convention. Commerce and extradition 


158 




Agreement. Trade-marks 


h. 


Tripoli 


English, U. S. Tr. II: 1769. 
Treaty. Peace and amity 


Turkey 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


160 




Protocol. Property rights in Turkey 




Uruguay 


English, U. S. Tr. II: 1344. 
Convention. Commercial travelers 


160 




...do 


161 









ARGENTINA. 





1 
2 



52 
53 
54 


Treaty. Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 


10 July, 1853 
27 July, 1853 
22 Oct.., 1920 

9 July, 1868 

7 Mar., 1856 

20 Nov., 1857 

30 Oct., 1901 

9 Jan., 1883 

10 July, 1853 
19 Aug., 1892 

19 Sept., 1857 
2 Feb., 1825 

10 July, 1853 

20 Dec, 1885 

1 June, 1894 

31 Jan., 1895 
17 Aug., 1912 


103 


States of. 


Treaty Commerce and navigation 


103 








Bolivia 


English, Cong. Rec. 61: 14. (Ratification advised 
by U. S. Senate; ratification on the part of Ar- 
gentina still pending, 1 Oct., 1921.) 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


163 


Brazil 


do 


164 




Convention. Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 


165 




Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 97: 549; Spanish, Martens 91: 




France 


55 

with 55 
56 
57 


French, Martens 62: 494. 
Treaty. Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 


166 






166 


Germany 

Great Britain 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation. (Customs union). 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 


167 
169 


Italy 


English, Hdb. 1912: 7; English and Spanish, B. F. 
S. P. 42: 3; Hertslet 9: 191; Argentina Tr. 1: 58. 






58 
with 58 


Spanish, Argentina Tr. 8: 479; French, Martens 72: 


170 






170 










English, B. F. S. P. 106: 839; Italian, Martens 94: 
817; Staatsarchiv. 83: 342. 





See p. 757, note 195. 



p. 771, note 197. 



LIST or TREATIES. 
ARGENTINA— Continued. 



19 



Treaties ^\^th— No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Japan I 59 

Norway ! 62 

Para^uav 


Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


3 Feb., 1898 
17 July, 1885 
14 Mar., 1877 

30 May, 1908 
27 July, 1902 


171 
173 


Convention Consular 






English, B. F. S. P. 70: 559; Spanish, Martens 62: 
466; Argentina Tr. 9: 219. 
Convention. Cattle trade 




Persia 60 


Spanish, Martens 91: 61:3. 
'treaty Friendship and commerce 


175! 


Peru 1 




5 Mav, 1874 ' 


Portugal . .... 


Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916: No. 17; Martens 62: 
452. 
Convention. Consular ... .... 


24 Dec, 1878 

21 Sept., 1863 
17 July, 1S85 




Spain i fil 


English, B. F. S. P. 69: 346; Spanish. Argentina 
Tr. 9: 392; Martens 62: 9. 
Treaty. Peace and friendship 


173 




62 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


173 


Turkej- 




Protocol. Consular 


11 June, 1910 ^ - - 


United States 




English, B. F. S. P. 103: 356; Spanish, Martens 92: 
314; German, Staatsarchiv. 81: 242. 
See America, United States of. 













AUSTRALIA. 
AUSTRIA.^ 



AUied and Asso- 
ciated Powers. . 

America, United 
States of. 

Bulgaria 

Czechoslovakia. . . 



Germany. 



Great Britain. 
Hungary 



Liechtenstein 
Poland 



Rumania. 



Serb - Croat - Slo- 
vene State. 



63 Treaty of peace 10 Sept., 1919 



3 . Treaty of peace. 
64 



65 



Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Agreement. Execution of Treaty of St. Germain 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 479. 

Treaty. Citizenship and protection of minorities 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 163. 

Agreement. Transportation, etc 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 442. 

Agreement. Deposits 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 391. 

Treaty. Commerce 

English, Summary (transl.), State Department 
dispatch,Vienna, 11 July, 1921. (Provisions as to 
handling of permits for'export and import were 
put into operation 1 June, 1921.) 

Agreement. Execution of treaty of St. Germain 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 20. 
Agreement. Application of Part X of Treaty of St. 
Germain to Alsace-Lorraine. 
German, Bundesgbl. No. 189. 

Agreement . Commerce 

Convention. Finance 

German, Eeichsanzeiger, 13 Sept., 1920, No. 206. 

Exchange of notes, settlement of prew'ar debts 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 478. 

Agreement. Commerce 

German, State Department dispatch, Vienna, 5 
Julj^, 1921. (Tn force at present, extension auto-, 
matic from month to month, terminable on 1 
week's notice.) 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 136. 

Treaty. Commerce 

German, State Department dispatch No. 186, 
Vienna, 31 May, 1921. 

Agreement. Commerce 

French and German, Bundesgbl. No. 40. 

Treaty. Commerce 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 14. 



24 Aug., 1921 

16 Nov., 1920 
18 May, 1920 

7 June, 1920 

2 Aug., 1920 

10 Aug., 1920 

4 May, 1921 



18 Sept., 1920 
7 Feb., 1921 



1 Sept., 1920 
do , 



105 

182 



'27 Aug., 1920 
, 2 Oct., 1920 
15 June, 1920 



22 Apr., 1920 
17 Mar., 1920 

14 Aug., 1920 
27 June, 1920 



183 



7 See p. 290, note 40. 

54083—22 ^3 



8 See p. 176, note 16; p. 187, note 20; and pp. 20-21. 



20 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TSEATTES. 
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY." 



Treaties with- 



America, United 
States of. 



Belgium! 



Brazil — 
Bulgaria. 



Chinas... 
Denmark. 



Egypts 

Ethiopia (Abys- 
sinia). 
France^ 



Germany . 



No. 



Great Britain £ 



Description. 



66 



73 



: with 73 



T^eat5^ Commerce and navigation 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 29. 
Convention. Property and consular 

Enghsh, U. S.Tr.I: 33; English and German, Mar- 
tens 43: 154. 
Convention . Consular 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 39; Martens 51: 44. 
Convention . Trade-marks 

EngUsh, U. S.Tr.I: 47; Martens 51: 50. 
Convention. Copyright (Hungary) 

English, V. S. Tr. Ill: 17: Martens 94: 451; B. F. S. 
P. 105: 1024; English and Hungarian, U. S. T. S. 
No. 571. 
Convention. Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 50. 
Declaration. Trade-marks , 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 51: Martens 56: 683. 
Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) , 

French, Martens 60: a73; B. F. S. P. 75: 991. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation , 

Agreement. Trade-marks , 

French and German, Martens 65: 598. 
Exchange of notes. Commerce 

French, Martens 91: 540; B. F. S. P. 100: 813. 
Convention. Consular 

French and German, Maitens 93: 523; French, 
B. F. S. P. 104: 695. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French and German, Martens 65: 717. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce , 



Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 294. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. I: 299; B. F. S. P. 56: 266. 

Convention. Propertv 

French, France Tr. I: 305; B. F. S. P. 58: 1340. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Navigation 

Declaration. Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. I: 320; B. F. S. P. 88: 716; Mar- 
tens 63: 356; Clercq 20: 596. 

Convention. Importation of medicines 

German, Martens 59: 501. 

Cojivention. Commerce and customs 

German, Hdv. 1906: 568. 

Convention. Patents 

German, Martens 67: 930; Neumann, N. S. 15: 285. 

Convention. Copyright 

English, B. F. S. P. 92: 348; German, Martens 80: 
290; Neumann, N. S. 19: 263. 

Agreement. Additional to convention of 1891 

German, Hdv. 1906: 568. 

Convention. Sanitary 

German, Martens 85: 528; Neumann, N. S. 21: 190; 

French and German, Descamps et Renault; 1905: 

744. 

Declaration. Additional to agreement of 25 Jan., 1905. 

French and German, Descamps et Renault 1905: 

744. 

Convention . Industrial propertv 

German, Martens 89: 632; Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 
666. 

Treaty. Navigation 

English, Kdh. 1912: 11; Enahsh and German, 
B. F. S. P. 58: 11. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Protocol. Interpretive of Article IV of treaty of 1876. . 
Endish, Hdb. 1912: 17; English, German, and 
Hungarian, B. F. S. P. 67: 36. 

Declaration. Duration of treaty of 1 876 

Declaration. Commercial travelers' samples 

English, Hdb. 1912: 19; B. F. S. P. 78: 6; English 
and German, Martens 63: 539. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in M orocco 

French, Hdb. 1912: 20: English and French, 
B. F. S. P. 95: 57. 
Exchange of notes. Consular jurisdiction in Zanzibar. 
English, Martens 93: 238; B. F. S. P. 101: 232. 



Signed. 



27 Aug., 
8 May, 

11 July, 
25 Nov., 

30 Jan., 

25 June, 

12 Jan., 
24 Dec, 

12 Feb., 

28 Aug., 

r 6 Jan., 
[18 Feb., 

31 May, 



2 Sept. 

14 Mar., 

9 Feb., 

16 Aug., 
21 Mar., 

11 Dec, 

do.. 

do.. 



1829 

1848 

1870 
1871 
1912 

1866 
1880 
1884 
1906 



1907 
1907 
1911 



1869 

1887 



1905 
1866 



Page. 



187 



189 
191 



192 
194 



18 Feb., 
9 Apr., 
20 July, 



1884 
1884 
1896 



194 
195 



1891 



30 Sept., 1882 
6 Dec 

do 

30 Dec 



25 Jan.; 
....do. 



1899 
1905 



28 Feb., 
17 Nov. 
30 Apr., 



5 Dec, 
....do., 



1905 
1908 
1868 

1876 



196 



26 Nov., 
15 Feb., 



;i3 Feb., 
\16 Feb.; 

/ 8 May, 
llU May, 



1877 
1887 



1900 
1900 



1907 
1907 



Seep. 187, note 20. 



LIST OF TKEATIES. 
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY «— Continued. 



21 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Greece 9. 



Italy 



Japan - 



Description. 



Liberia 

Montenegro . 

Morocco^ 

Netherlands. 



Norway. 



Persia — 
Portugal . 



Rumanias. 



Russia . 
Serbia 9. 



Slam 9. 
Spain . 



Sweden . 



Switzerland. 



Turkey 



United States. 
Zanzibar 



v/ith 80 
81 



with 81 

82 



with 84 



85 



88 



V/ith! 



90 



Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 187. 

Exchange of nirtes. Trade-marks 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 189. 

Declaration. Prevention of smuggling 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 1.5. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 51: 352. 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French, Martens 52: 360. 

I Convention. Copyright 

I French, Martens 68: 717; Italy Tr. 12: 363; French 

I and German, Neumann N. S. 14: 72. 

! Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

I Convention . Sanitary 

French, Italy Tr." 1911, I: 103; B. F. S. P. 99: 593; 
I French and German, Martens 85: 86; Neumann, 

I N. S. 22: 58. 

I Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinal products 
I French, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 113; B. F. S. P. 101: 425. 

j Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Application of Article Xil of treaty of 
1912 to Liechtenstein. 
French, Japan Tr. 1918: 506. 

Treat V. Commerce and navigation 

do ". 

Treaty. Peace anu commerce 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Declaration . Trade-marks 

>'rench and German, .Martens 63: 706. 

Convention. Commercial travelers' samples 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 546; Norwegian, Norwaj^ 
Tr. 1914: 270. 

Declaration. Commercial travelers' samples 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 51: 467. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 77: 197; B. F. S. P. 85: 752. 

Convention. Copyright 

French and German, Martens 89: 223; French, 
B.F. S. P.lOl: 669. 

Exchange of notes. Copyright 

French and German, Martens 89: 226. 

Conven tion. Additional to convention of 1893 . . .' 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 91: 505. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation , 

: Convention. Sanitary 

1 French, Martens 58: 321. 

I Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

I French and German, Martens 92: 56; French, 
I B. F. S. P. 104: 738; English, A. J. I. L. Supp. 

I 7: 1. 

I Treaty. Commerce 

j Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Spanish and French, Spain Tr. 10: 245; 11: 197 

1 Agreement. Trade-marks and models 

j French, Martens 82: 253: B. F. S. P. 89: 997. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declarauon. Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 546. 

Declaration . Commercial travelers 

Agreement. Trade-marks 

French and German, Martens 64: 300. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Sanitarj^ 

French and German, Descamps et Renault 1906: 
691: German, Marten? 85: 178; French, B. F. S. P. 
99: 644. 

Declaration. Additional to treaty of 9 Mar., 1908 

French and German, Descamps et Renault 1906: 
698; German, Staatsarchiv. 74: '28. 
Protocol. Commerce (Bosnia, Herzegovina, Sanjak of 
Novi-Bazar). 
French, B.F. S. P. 102: 180; Martens 87: 661; Eng- 
lish, A. J. I. L. Supp. 3: 286. 
See America, United States of. 
Convention . Commerce and navigation 



Signed. 



11 Apr., 1887 
24 Oct., 1888 

1 Sept., 1894 

26 Apr., 1870 
29 Apr., 1870 
15 May, 1874 

'24 Jan., 1877 

, 3 Feb., 1877 

8 July, 1890 



11 Feb., 1906 
....do 



23 Dec, 1908 

28 Cot., 1912 
17 June, 1913 



1 Sept., 1866 
6 Feb., 1911 

19 Mar., 1830 
26 Mar., 1867 

3 Sept., 1886 

12 Dec, 1888 
3 Nov., 1873 

20 Sept., 1889 



25 Apr., 1892 
17 May, 1857 
9 Jan., 1873 



197 



8 July, 1911 
21 Dec, 1893 
28 Jan., 1893 

2 Mar., 1908 



f 7 Mar., 1908 
[16 Mar., 1908 
23 Apr., 1909 

5 Feb., 1874 

15 Feb., 1903 

6 May, 1881 

27 July, 1910 
30 Mai'., 1911 



17 May, 1869 
' 28 June, 1892 
1 22 Feb., 1895 
! 21 Jan., 1897 



3 Nov., 1873 
20 Sept., 1889 

22 June, 1911 
22 J I me, 1882 

9 Mar., 1906 
do 



28 Jmie, 1906 
26 Feb., 1909 

11 Aug., 1887 



203 



206 
207 
207 
208 



209 
209 



210 
210 



212 
213 



213 
215 
219 

222 

223 
224 
225 



227 



9 See p. 187, note 20. 



m 



flANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
BELGIUM. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



America, United 
States of. 



Austriaio 

Austria-Hungary" 



Bolivia. 



Brazil. 





93 


Bulgaria^- 

China 


94 
210 


Costa Rica 


95 


Denmark 






96 


Ecuador 


97 


Egypt 


98 


Ethiopia (Abys- 
sinia). 
France 


99 



Germany 13. 



100 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation. 



Convention. Consular 

English U. S. Tr. 1:94; English and French, 
Martens 58: 480. 
Convention . Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 104; English and French, 
Martens 61: 794. 
Agreement . Trade-marks in China 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 111; MacMurray I: 542. 

Treaty of peace 

Colivention. Jqitit-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 50. 
Declaration . Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 51; Martens 56: 683. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention . Consular 

, French and Spanish, Martens 93: 875. 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Agreement. Commerce 



Declaration . Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 71. 

Arrangement. Preferential tarift" 

Treatv. Commerce •. 

English, P. A. U. Bull. 52: 292. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty of peace 

Imperial letter. Belgian trade 

Hertslet's China Tr. I: 223 (foot-note). 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

iVgreement. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 594. 
Declaration. Trade-marks..,. 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: HI. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration . Industrial models 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 597: B. F. S. P. 100: 
707; Martens 86: 785. 
Convention . Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 351; Martens 90: 583; 
English, A. J. I. L., Supp. 6: 244. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce 



Declaration . Fishing gear 

French, France Tr. I: 356. 
Declaration. Spirituous liquors... 

French, Belgium Tr. I'.iOS: 602. 
Agreement . Commerce 



Agreement. Sanitary 

French, France Tr. I: 429. 
Declaration. Relations in Tunis , 

French, France Tr. I: 433; B. F. S. P. 89: 615; 
Martens 73: 430; Clercq 20: 628. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, France Tr. I: 436. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers 

French, France Tr. I: 457. 
Declaration . Judicial acts 

French, France Tr. I: 491; B. F. S. P. 106: 890. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 

French, France Tr. i: 495. 
Declaration. Navigation (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 249. 
Declaration. Navigation (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 250. 
Treaty. Navigation (Prussia) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 327. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Bremen) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 64. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Liibeck) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 233. 
Treaty. Commerce (Oldenbm-g) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 280. 



8 Mar., 1875 

9 Mar., 1880 



7 Apr., 1884 



27 Nov., 1905 



Sept.; 
June, 



1919 
1866 



176 



12 Jan., 1880 



Feb., 
Aug., 

Apr., 
Dec, 
Jan., 
Sept., 

Jan., 
Nov., 

Aug., 
Nov., 
July, 

Nov., 
Apr., 
Nov., 

Nov., 

June, 
Apr., 



1906 
1911 

1912 
1863 
1864 
1876 

1922 
1920 



1919 

1845 

1865 
1902 

1879 

1879 

1895 
1907 



187 



228 
229 



229 



229 
391 



233 



26 Aug., 1909 



Mar., 
June, 
Sept., 



1887 
1891 
1906 



235 
236 
238 



24 Dec, 1867 

17 Nov., 1888 

15 Jan., 
,30 Jan., 
'30 May, 
.31 May, 

2 Jan., 



1892 
1892 
1895 
1895 

1897 



238 



(19 Aug., 

\28 Sept. 

27 Aug., 

1 Nov., 



1897 
1897 
1901 
1901 



2 Oct., 1912 



22 Sept., 

8 July, 

' 2 Feb., 
t 9 Feb., 

28 Mar., 
11 May, 
....do.. 

23 June, 



1915 

1837 

1857 
1857 

1863 
1863 



1863 



10 See p. 176, note 16. n See p. 187, note 20. 12 See p. 391, note 82. is See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 



23 



BELGIUM— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



Oermanj-13 (con.) 



Oreat Britain. 



Greece. 



Guatemala. 
Honduras.. 



Hungary ». 
Italy 



Japan. 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 



No. 



Descriptioji. 



Signed. 



with 101 



314 



102 
with 102' 
withl02j 
with 102j 
with 102, 

with 102, 



103 



1 
with 103! 



104 
with 104 
355 



105 



106 
107 



101 



with 101 



Treaty. Commerce and navigailon (Hamburg) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 178. 
Convention. .Toint-stoek companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 20. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 21. 
Convention . Industrial propertv 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 23. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs 

Agreement. Frontier traffic 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 549; B. F. S. P. 92: 788; 
French and German, Martens 79: 503. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1891 

Convention. Copvright " 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 709; French and German, 
Martens 86: 901. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 547. 
Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French and German, Martens 83: 299. 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Joint-stock companies I 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 158. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation [ 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (India). 
Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (Malta)-. I 
Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (Cyprus). | 
Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (New- I 
foundland). j 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (Cey- ! 
Ion and Lagos). I 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, Hdb. 1912: 33: Hertslet 24: 248; Mac- 
Mm-ray I: 492; English and French, Hertslet's 
China Tr. I: 603. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers 

English, Hdb. 1912: 35; B. F. S. P. 99: 188; Martens 
88: 989; Hertslet 24: 167. 
Exchange of notes. Patents in Morocco 

English, Hdb. 1912: -36; Hertslet 25: 929. ! 

Convention. Belgian traffic through territories of East j 
Africa. , 

English and French, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 11. Cmd. 
1327. I 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies i 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 172. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 167. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 174. 

Agreement. Additional to treaty of 1895 

Declaration. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Martens 94: 607; B. F. S. P. 106: 895. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgiiun Tr. 1900: 175. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1909 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 200. 

Treaty . Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Importation of medicinal products, etc. 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 611; Italian, Italy Tr. 
1911, I: 125; B. F. S. P. 101: 423. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 219. 
Agreement. Patents, trade-marks, etc 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 225. 

Agreement. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention . Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 239. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 240. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs i3 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 615. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1891 13 

Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 547 



24 June, 
26 Nov., 
10 Sept., 
12 Dec, 

6 Dec, 

7 Apr., 



22 June, 
16 Oct., 



1863 

1873 

1875 

1883 

1891 
1900 



1904 
1907 



10 Jime, 1908 
27 June, 1911 



28 June, 
13 Nov., 

27 .July, 
30 Aug., 

5 Nov., 
25 Nov., 

6 Dec, 

5 Jan., 

15 Sept., 
30 Sept., 



1919 
1862 

1898 
1898 
1898 
1898 
1898 

1899 

1904 
1904 



10 Nov., 1906 



r20 June, 
[22 June, 
15 Mar., 



10 Apr., 

25 May, 
do.. 



1907 
1907 
1921 



1881 
1895 



.do. 



1 Nov., 
25 May, 



1904 
1912 



31 Mar., 1900 



25 Mar., 

30 Aug., 

4 Jime, 

22 July, 

11 Dec, 
4 May, 



22 Dec, 
21 Apr., 

8 July, 

1 May, 

ri8 Nov., 
[ 7 Dec, 
r25 Sept. 
[26 Sept. 
6 Dec, 

2 Apr., 



22 June, 
10 June, 



1909 
1909 
1920 

1878 

1882 



1911 

1885 
1864 
1864 

1883 
1883 
1891 
1903 

1904 



See p. 546, note 128. 



i< See p. 623, note 152. 



24 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

BELGIUM— Continued. 




Luxemburg- 
Continued . 



Mexico. 



Montenegro. 



Morocco 

Netherlands. 



109 



Nicaragua. 



Norway. . , 
Paraguay . 

Persia 

Peru 



Portugal . 



Rumania. 



110 1 
with 110: 



111 
112 
113 



114 



115 



Russia 15.. . 




116 

1 

117 

118 
119 


Salvador 


Serb - Croat - 
vene State 


Slo- 

16 


Spain 


Sweden 


120 


Switzerland 










Convention. Estabhshing an economic union between 
Belgium and Luxemburg. 

English, State Department dispatch, No. 1280, 
Brussels, 2 Aug., 1921. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 260. 

Agreement. Commerce 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 631. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 289. . 

Convention. Copyright : 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 297. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Additional to I reaty of 1863 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 295. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 298. 

Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 644. 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French, Martens 93: 309; B. F. S. P. 104: 823; Lage- 
mans 17: 240. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 263. 

Convention. Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 98: 397. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and friendship 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 804; B. F. S. P. 99: 873; 
Martens 88: 913. 

Convention. Copvright ; 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 318. 

Article. Additional to convention of 1866 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 324. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 311. 

Declaration. Concerning convention of 1880 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 317. 

Protocol. Modifying convention of 1880 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 317. 

Declaration. Commerce 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 334. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 339. 

Convention . Commerce 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Martens 92: 481; B. F. S. P. 103: 383; Staats- 
archiv. 81: 181. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 350. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 351. 

Exchange of notes . Trade-marks in China 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 791; Martens 93: 393; Mac- 
Murray I: 608. 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 61: 646. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty of friendship and commerce , 

Convention. Spirituous liquors 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 368; B. F. S. P. 74: 677; 
Busschere 2: 411. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 129. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 135. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco 
French, B. F. S. P. 109: 871. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 394. 

Treaty. Establishment 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 388. 



25 July, 1921 



7 June, 1895 
....do 



9 Dec, 1904 

4 Jan., 1862 
17 Apr., 1855 

30 Aug. 1858 

12 May, 1863 
7 Dec, 1865 
25 May, 1886 

22 Oct., 1880 

ri2 June, 1907 
,19 July, 1907 
19 July, 1911 



8 May, 1858 

2 Oct., 1905 

27 June, 1910 
15 Feb., 1894 
31July, 1857 
18 .July, 1906 

11 Oct., 1866 

7 Jan., 1880 

10 Nov., 1880 
27 June, 1881 
31 Mar., 1882 

11 Dec, 1897 

12 Jan., 1881 

8 Mar., 1881 

5 June, 1906 
10 Apr., 1910 



9 June, 1858 

20 Dec, 1865 

29 Jan., 1881 

ri2 Oct., 1906 
[15 Oct., 1906 

21 Mar., 1906 
17 Jan., 1885 

24 Apr., 1907 

29 Aug., 1868 

4 Aug., 1883 



19 Mar., 1870 

26 June, 1880 

29 Dec, 1915 

11 June, 1895 
11 Feb., 1881 

4 June, 1887 



251 



252 
252 



252 
255 
255 



256 



257 



260 
263 



264 



1'^ See p. 757, note 195. 



!5 See p. 771, note 197. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
BELGIUM— Continued. 



25 



Treaties with- 



Switzerland- 
Continued. 

Turkey 



United States 
Venezuela 



Zanzibar 



No. 



121 
122 




Description. 



Signed. 



Treaty. Commerce 

Agreement Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 668 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce and navigation 

Exchange of Notes. Commercial travelers' samples . . . 

French, Martens 93: 569. 
See America, United States of. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 423. 
Declaration . Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 423. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 426; B. F. S. P. 76: 290; 
Martens 62: 529. 



July., 1889 
Sept., 1896 
Sept., 1896 
Aug., 1838 
Apr., 1912 



25 May, 1882 
do 



Mar., 1884 
May, 1885 



Page. 

266 

\ 

267 



268 



BOLIVIA. 



America, United 
States of. 

Argentina 

Belgium 



Brazil. 
Chile. . 



China. 



Colombia. 
Ecuador . . 
France... 



Germany 17 

Great Britain . 



Italy.. 
Japan. 
Peru.. 



Spain 

United States. 
Venezuela 



91 

124 

125 

with 125 

126 



127 
128 



129 
314 
130 



131 
132 



133 
134 
135 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation i 13 May, 1858 

I 9 July, 1868 

I 21 Aug., 1911 



-do. 



Convention. Consular 

French and Spanish, Martens 93: 875. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and fluvial navigation . 
Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce. 

Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1904 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

French, I. I. I., Ill: 402. 

Treaty of friendship 

do 



Declaration. Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 503. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. I: 503; B. F. S. P. 89: 1006. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 

French, Bull. Of. de I'Empire Cherifien 13 Sept., 
1915. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention . Prevention of false indications of origin . . . 

English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 9, Cd. 1283. 

Treaty. Friendship and extradition 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 12. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs 

Convention. Transit trade 

Treaty of peace and friendship 

See America, United States of. 

Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. 533; Venezuela Tr. Pub. 
219: Martens 65: 762. 



18 Apr., 1912 
12 Aug., 1910 

20 Oct., 1904 
10 Sept., 1905 
6 Aug., 1912 

3 Dec, 1919 

19 Mar., 1912 
17 Apr., 1911 

8 Sept., 1887 

5 Aug., 1897 

21 June, 1915 



22 July, 1908 

28 June, 1919 

1 Aug., 1911 

5 Apr., 1920 

18 Oct., 1890 
13 Apr., 1914 

26 July, 1870 

27 Nov., 1905 
21 Jan., 1917 
21 July, 1847 

28 Sept., 1883 



108 

103 



228 
272 
273 
273 
274 



274 
275 



275 
546 
277 



279 
280 



282 
282 
283 



BORNEO. 



America, United 

States of. 
Great Britain 



Convention . Commerce and na\-igation. 



Treat V. Friendship and commerce 

English, Hdb. 1912: 45 
Agreement . Consular 

English, Hdb. 1912: 49. 
Declaration. Wrecks I i 

English, Hdb. 1912: 49. i 



23 June, 1850 
27 May, 1847 
26 Nov., 1856 
Aug., 1878 



111 



w See p. 546, note 128. 



26 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
BRAZIL. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


America, United 


53 

54 


Agreement. Trade-marks 


24 Dec, 1878 

4 Jan., 1922 

7 Mar., 1856 

20 Nov., 1857 

30 Oct., 1901 

28 Aug., 1886 

12 Dec, 1863 
14 Jan., 1864 

2 Sept., 1876 

4 Jan., 1922 

13 Nov., 1920 

12 Aug., 1910 
10 Jan., 1896 

3 Oct., 1881 
24 Apr., 1907 

do...- 




States of. 


English, U. S. Tr. I: 146. 


112 


Argentina 


Treatv. Commerce and navigation 


164 


Convention. Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 


165 




English, B. F. S. P. 97: 549; Spanish, Martens 91: 
302. 
Agreement. Trade-marks 




Belgium 


92 

93 
124 


French and German. Martens 65: 598. 
Agreement. Commerce | 

Declaration. Trade-marks 


} 229 






French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 71. 
Arrangement. Preferential tariff 


229 




Treatv. Commerce 




Bolivia 


English. P. A. U. Bull. 52: 292. 


272 


Chile 


Protocol. Commerce and navigation 




China 


136 


Portuguese, Brazil Cod. Rel. Ext. 1900, No. 191; 
Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 226. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


284 








137 


English, B. F. S. P. 100: 810; Portuguese, Martens 
86: 786; Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 350. 
Agreement. Navigation of Putumayo 






English, B. F. S. P. 100: 809; Portuguese, Martens 
86: 789; Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 350. 


21 Aug., 1908 

25 Apr., 1881 

12 Apr., 1876 

/26 June, 1900 
\30 June, 1900 

11 Jan., 1904 

15 Dec, 1913 

28 June, 1919 

21 July, 1877 

5 July, 1900 
/25 Nov., 1912 
\ 1 Dec, 1912 

5 Nov., 1895 

26 July, 1878 

9 Jan., 1872 

22 Nov., 1886 

29 Sept., 1876 
15 Apr., 1908 

8 Sept., 1909 

29 Oct., 1879 

5 Feb., 1858 

12 Oct., 1851 
15 Sept., 1857 

30 Oct., 1909 
15 May, 1913 


285 


Denmark 


Declaration. Trade-marks 




France 




314 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diolom. 2: 103; Martens 
62: 548. 
Declaration Trade-marks 






French, France Tr. I: 513; Martens 52: 190; Portu- 
guese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 64. 


} 




French, France Tr. I: 514; B. F. S. P. 97: 680; 

Clercq. 22: 591; 597; Portuguese, Brazil Act. 

Diplom. 2: 280. 

Exchange of notes. Renewing declarations of 1900. 

(These had been denounced by France 15 June, 1903.) 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 320. 

Convention . Copyright 


Germany 18 

Italy 


French, France Tr. I: 518. 
Treaty of peace 


546 


Declaration. Trade-marks 






138 
139 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 73; Italian, 
Martens 54: 271. 
Agreement. Commerce 


286 




Notes. Proroguing agreement of 1900 . . 


} 

286 


Japan 


ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 136. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Agreement. Trade-marks 






Paraguay 




Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 83; French, 
Martens 58: 192. 
Treaty. Peace and amity 








Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 83; Spanish, 
Martens 54; 568. 
Agreement. Commerce and coasting trade 




Peru 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 139; Spanish, 
Martens 68: 546. 
Agreement. Navigation of River Piitumayo 









Portuguese, Brazil Act. Dipiom. 2: 70 • 
Agreement. Navigation of River Yapura 




Portugal 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 362. 
Treaty. Boundaries, commerce, and navigation 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 373. 
D eclar ation . Trade-marks . 




Turkey 


140 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 93; Martens 
62: 541. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

See America, United States of. 


288 


United States 






141 


289 




Protocol. Fluvial navigation 






Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 1: 233. 
Treaty . Boundaries and inland navigation . 






Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 374. 
Convention . Railroad traffic 






English, B. F. S. P. 107: 611. 





18 See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
BULGARIA.^ 



27 



Treaties with- 



Allied and Asso- 
ciated Powers. 

Austria 

Austria-Hungarj' 



Belgium ^ . 
Denmark . . 



Egypt 19 . 
France i9. 



No. 



210 
64 



94 



Germany. 



Great Britain « , 



Greece ^^. 
Italy"... 



Montenegro. 
Netherlands. 



Norway. . 
Portugal. 



Rumania i9 

Russia 

Serb-Croat- 
Slovene State.is 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey 



211 



with 211 



142 



212 
with 212 



213 
with 214 
214 
215 



216 
217 



218 
219 
220 



Description. 



Treaty of peace. 



Exchange of notes. Commerce 

do 

French, Martens 91: 540; B. F. S. P. 100: 813. 
Convention. Consular 

French and German, Martens 93: 523; French, 
B. F. S. P.104: 695. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation , 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 194; Martens 91: 541. 
Exchange of notes. Most-favored-nation treatraent 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 816; Martens 88: 869. 
Treaty . Commerce and navigation 

French, B. F. S. P. 99: 883; Martens 85: 3: France 
Tr. I: 522. 
Protocol. Explanatory of treaty of 1906 , 

French, France Tr. I: 551; Martens 93: 386. 
Agreement . Importation of silk-worm eggs 

French, France Tr. I: 553; Martens 93: .389. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 814; France Tr. I: 555. 

Treaty. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Declaration. Execution of treaty of 1905 

French, B.F.S. P. 102: 912; German, Hdv. 1915: 5. 

Notes. Duration of treaty of 1905 

Convention . Consular 

English, B.F.S. P. 107: 635; German, Hdv. 1915: 7. 
Notes . Commercial travelers' samples 

French, B.F.S. P. 107: 654; German, Hdv. 1915: 7. 
Exchange of notes . Most-favored-nation treatment 

State Department dispatch No. 972, Berlin, 20 Apr., 
1921. 

Convention. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Protocol. Supplementary to convention of 1905 

English, Hdb. 1912: 80. 
Agreement . Additional to convention of 1905 

EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 81; EngUsh and French, Pari. 
Papers 1909 (Cd. 4557), 105: 277. 

Declaration . Joint-stock companies 

Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912: 276. 

Treaty. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Proces- verbal. Customs treatment 

Note— verbal. Italian wines 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 162. 
Convention. Consular 

French, BoU. Leg. Dog. 29: 1059; B. F. S. P. 103: 389; 
Martens 91: 892. 
Exchange of notes. Proroguing treaty of 1906 

French, B. F. S. P. 104: 838; Italy Tr. 1911, I: 165. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

...do 



Signed. 



27 Nov., 1919 



16 Nov., 
r 6 Jan., 
[18 Feb., 
31 May, 



1920 
1907 
1907 
1911 



29 Aug., 
10 Dec, 

13 Feb., 

13 Jan., 

26 May, 

12 Oct., 

5 Jan., 

1 Aug., 
31 Oct., 

29 Sept. 

29 Sept. 

30 Sept., 1912 



1909 
1906 
1906 

1906 
1906 
1907 
1905 



1911 
1911 



19 Feb., 
19 Aug., 

9 Dec, 
13 Nov., 



1920 
1920 

1905 
1908 I 



Page. 



391 



182 



229^ 



398 



290 



9 Feb., 1909 



22 Mar., 

13 Jan., 
13 Nov., 
18 Jan., 

!/25 Feb., 
110 Mar., 



Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation 

French, B. F. S. P. 103: 398; Martens 92: 305. 

Treatv. Commerce and navigation 

...do... 

Treaty. Commerce 

French, Martens 75: 298. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

— do 

....do.... 

Declaration. Consular 

French, Martens 91: 869; B. F. S. P. 107: 705. 
Convention. Commerce 

French, Martens 91: 552; B. F. S. P. 104: 839. 



1899 

1906 
1908 
1909 

1910 
1910 



June, 1911 



9 May, 
24 June, 
13 Jan., 
30 July, 

4 June, 

3 Dec, 

8 Mar.,' 

16 Feb., 

5 Oct., 
10 Mav, 

17 Feb. 
1 Dec 



1909 
1897 
1906 
1908 
1910 

1907 
•1905 
1897 

1908 
1906 
1906 
1909 



402: 
402 



406 
40& 
406 
406 



407 
409 



19 Feb., 1911 



412 
413 
413, 



CANADA.20 



France 


201 


Agreement Commerce 


29 Jan., 1921 
6 June, 1910 

18 June, 1920 


372 


Italy 


do 




West Indies 


202 


English, Martens 91: 544; B. F. S. 
English and Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 
Agreement. Commerce . . 


P. 103: 498; 
I: 170. 


375 









19 See p. 391, note 82. 



p. 290, note 40. 



28 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES, 
CHILE. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Bolivia 


125 


Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 


20 Oct., 1904 


273 




with 125 


Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1904 


10 Sept., 1905 


273 




126 


Convention. Commerce 


6 Aug., 1912 


274 


Brazil 




Protocol. Commerce and navigation 


10 Jan., 1896 








Portuguese, Brazil Cod. Rel. Ext. 1900, No. 191. 
Treaty. Friendship 






China 




18 Feb., 1915 








English, MacMurray II: 1190. 






Denmark 


221 


Treaty. Commerce, friendship, and navigation 


4 Feb., 1899 


414 


•Germany 


222 


Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Cus- 
toms Union). 

Act. Application of treaty of 1862 to Mecklenburg- 
Schvvenn, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Lauenburg, and 
Liibeck. 
English, B. F. S. P. 82: 683; Spanish, Chile Tr. 2: 48. 


1 Feb., 1862 
14 July, 1869 


414 


Guatemala 




Treatv Commerce and navigation 


20 Apr., 1920 








English, State Department dispatch No. 658, San- 








tiago, 19 Apr., 1921. 






Italy 


223 


Treaty Commerce and navigation . . . 


12 Julv, 1898 


417 


Japan 


224 


Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Article Additional to treatv of 1897 


25 Sept., 1897 
16 Oct., 1898 


417 










English and Spanish, Japan Tr. 1918: 68. 






225 




30 Mar., 1903 


418 


Spain 




Treaty. Peace and friendship 

French, Martens 37: .506. 


23 Apr., 1844 










S witzerland 


226 


Treaty Commerce 


31 Oct., 1897 


419 









CHINA. 



-America, United 


i 

1 

8 
9 
10 

11 

with 11 
63 
67 


Treaty. Peace, amity, and commerce 


3 July, 1844 

18 June, 1858 
28 July, 1868 
17 Nov., 1880 

7 Sept., 1901 

8 Oct., 1903 
27 Sept., 1905 

9 Apr., 1912 

19 Oct., 1915 

20 Oct., 1920 
10 Sept. ,1919 

2 Sept., 1869 

25 July, 1845 

2 Nov., 1865 
10 July, 1898 
29 Aug., 1902 

19 Dec, 1918 

3 Dec, 1919 
' 3 Oct., 1881 




States of. 


English, U. S. Tr. 1: 196; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 539 
(note); French, Martens 36: 134. 
Treaty. Amity and commerce 


113 




Treaty. Trade, consuls, and emigration 


114 




Treaty. Commercial and judicial 


115 




Protocol. Resumption of friendly relations 






Signed also by Austria-Hungary, Belgium, France, 
Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Nether- 
lands, Norway, Russia, Spain, Sweden. 
English, U. S. Tr. II: 2006; MacMurray I: 278; 
French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 123; Martens 82: 
94; B. F. S. P. 94: 686. 
Treaty. Commerce 


116 




Agreement. Whangpu conservancy 






Signed also by the powers signatories of the final 

protocol of 7 Sept., 1901. 
English, U. S. Tr. II: 2013; MacMurray I: 531; 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 199; B. F. S. P. 

98: 1052. 
Agreement. Whangpu conservancy 






Signed also by the powers signatories of the agree- 
ment (Whangpu conservancy) of 27 Sept., 1905. 
English, MacMurray II: 954. 
Article. Supplementary to agreement of 9 Apr. 1912 
(Whangpu conservancy). 
Signed also by the powers signatories of the agree- 
ment of 9 Apr. 1912. 
English, MacMurray II: 956. 
Treaty. Supplementary to treaty of 1903 


116 


Austria 21 


Treaty of peace . 


176 


-Austria-Hun- 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


189 












95 
227 

• 


Hertslet's China Tr. I: 223 (footnote). 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Mutual most-favored-nation treatment (Congo) 
Agreement. Customs tariff 


232 

420 




Signed also by Austria-Hungary, Belgium, France, 
Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, 
Sweden, United States. 

English, Hertslet's China Tr. I; 148: Hdb. 1912, 156; 
B. F.S. P.97: 659; Hertslet24: 186. 
Revised import tariff and rules 




Bolivia 


Signed also by the powers signatories of the agree- 
ment (customs tariff) of 1902. 
English, MacMurray, 11: 1456. 
Treaty. Commerce 




Brazil 


' 136 


French, I. I.I. Ill: 492. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


1 

' 284 



21 See p. 176, note 16. 



22 See p. 187, note 20. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

CHINA— Coiitiiuiecl. 



29 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



Chile Treaty. Friendship 

English, MacMurray II: 1190 

Denmark 228 Treaty. Friendship, commerce , and navigation 

France 229 do 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1858 

French, B. F. S. P. 51: 668; France Tr. I: 596; 

Martens 46 (pt. 1): 44; Clercq 8: 135; Hertslet's 

China Tr. I: 287. 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 

French, France Tr. I: .598: B. F. S. P. 76: 239 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 296; English and French, 
Martens 62: 645 

230 Convention. Commerce 
with 230 do 

Convention. Supplementarv to convention of 1887 

French, B. F. S. P. 87: .525; Martens 73: 96; Clercq 

20: 241; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 323; France Tr. 

I: 623 

Exchange of notes. Lease of Kuangchouwan, etc 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 327; France Tr. I 

628; English, MacMurray I: 124. 

Convention . Lease of Kuangchouwan 

English, Rockhill: 55; MacMurrav, I: 128; French 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: .329. 
Arrangement. Yunnan Railroad 

English, MacMurrav I: 453; French, France Tr. I 
829. 

Germany 23 i Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Cus 

toms union). 

German, Hdv. 1906: 84. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 

English, B. F. S. P. 71: 157; Hertslet's China Tr 
I: .349; German, Hdv. 1915: 106. 
Treaty. Lease of Kiaochow 

English, B. F. S. P. 95: 1005; Rockhill: 45; Herts 
let's China Tr. I: 350; German, Martens 80: 326; 
Hdv. 1915: 148. 

Agreement. Tsingtau customs 

English, B. F.S. P. 98: 1049; Rockhill: 32; MacMur- 
ray I: 189. 

Agreement. Inland navigation 

English, MacMurray I: 191; B. F. S. P. 98: 1063. 

I Agreement. Amending agreement of 17 Apr., 1899 

1 English, MacMurrav I: 192; B. F. S. P. 99: 955; 

Rockhill: 46. 

231 I Agreement . Commerce 

Great Britain 143 } Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 

i Declaration . Transit duties 

English, Hdb. 1912: 88; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 12, 

Convention. Entrance into Canton, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 89; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 15; 
B.F.S. P. 34: 26. 

Agreement. Entrance into Canton, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 91; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 17; 
B'. F. S. P. 35: 6. 

144 Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 

Agreement. Tariff etc. 

English, Hdb. 1912: YosViierts'let 11:" 97;' Hertslet's' 
China Tr. I: 35; B. F. S. P. 48: 58. 

withl44 Convention. Peace and friendship 

xVgreement (Chefoo) . Yunnan case, trade, etc , 

English, Hdb. 1912: 120; Martens 62: 707; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 73; B. F. S. P. 71: 753. 

Article. Additional to agreement of 1876 (Opium) 

English, Hdb. 1912: 127; Martens 62: 713; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 84; B. F. S. P. 76: 77. 

Convention . Burmah and Tibet 

English, Hdb. 1912: 131; B. F. S. P. 77: 80; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 88; Martens 63: 516. 

Convention. Sikkim and Tibet 

English, Hdb. 1912: 133; B. F. S. P. 82: 9; Herts- 
let's China Tr. T: 135: Martens 66: 888. 
Article. Additional to agreement of 1876 (Chungking) 
English, Hdb. 1912: 135; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
94; B.F. S.P.82: 15. 

Regulations . Trade with Tibet 

English, Hdb. 1912: 137; B. F. S. P. 85: 1235; 
Plertslet'sChinaTr. I: 96; Martens 88: 37. 

145 Convention. Execution of convention of 1886 

withl45i Agreement. Modifying the convention of 1894 

s See p. 546, note 128. 



18 Feb., 1915 

13 July, 1863 
27 June, 1858 
25 Oct., 1860 



June, 1885 



420 
422 



25 Apr., 1886 j 

26 .June, 1887 
20 June, 1895 . 



424 

424 



9 Apr., 1898 
10 Apr., 1898 

27 May, 1898 
29 Oct., 1903 

2 Sept., 1861 
31 Mar., 1880 

6 Mar., 1898 

17 Apr., 1899 

17 Apr., 1904 
1 Dec, 1905 

20 May, 1921 
29 Aug., 1842 
26 June, 1843 

4 Apr., 1846 
6 Apr., 1847 



26 June, 1858 
8 Nov., 1858 



24 Oct., I860 
13 Sept., 1876 

18 July, 1885 

24 July, 1886 

17 Mar., 1890 

31 Mar., 1890 

5 Dec, 1893 



1 Mar., 1894 
4 Feb., 1897 



425 
293 



294 



295 



295 
295 



30 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
CHINA— Continued. 



Treaties with — 



Great Britain- 
Continued. 



No. 



Italy-. 
Japan . 



Mexico. . . 
.Mongolia. 



Netherlands. 



146 



Description. 



233 



234 
235 



236 



237 



Exchange of notes. Nonalienation of Yangtsze region . . 

English, B. F. S. P. 96: 572; Martens 82; 87; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 119; Rockhill: 174; 
MacMurraj'I: 104. 

Convention. Extension of Hongkong territory 

English, B. F. S. P. 90: 17; Martens 82: 89; Herts- 
lefs China Tr. I: 120; Rockhill: 58; MacMurray 
I: 130. 

Convention. Lease of Weihaiwei 

English, B. F. S. P. 90: 16; Martens 82: 90; Rock- 
hill: 60; MacMurray I: 152. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Employment of Chinese labor in British 
colonies and protectorates. 
English, B. F. S. P. 97: 20; Martens 82: 325; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 202; Martens 85: 447; 
MacMurray I: 576. 

Convention. Integrity of Tibet, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 199; B.F.S.P.99: 171; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 202; Martens 85: 447; MacMur- 
ray I: 576. 
Regulations. Trade in Tibet (signed also by Tibet) . . . 
Enghsh,B.F. S. P.lOl: 170; Martens88: 39; Herts- 
let 25: 1171; MacMurray I: 582. 

Agreement. Opium production 

English, G. B. T. S. 1911, No. 13, Cd. 5600; Mac- 
Murray II: 861; Martens 93: 488. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Agreement. Modification of Chinese customs tariff 

English and Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 202. 

Treatv of peace 

English, B. F. S. P. 87: 799; Martens 71: 642; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 382; MacMurray I: 18. 

Convention. Retrocession of Liaotung 

English, B. F. S. P. 87: 1195; Hertslet's China 
Tr. I: 370; Rockhill: 26; MacMurray I: 50. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Settlements, inland navigation, etc 

English, Rockhill: 39; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 382; 
MacMurray I: 91. 

Declaration . Nonalienation of Fukien 

English, Rockhill: 181; MacMurray I: 126. 

Treaty. Supplementary to treaty of 1895 

Treaty. Manchuria 

Agreement . Railways in Manchuria 

English, B. F. "S. P. 101: 275; Martens 91: 770; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 397; Rockhill: 141; Mac- 
Murray I: 627. 

Agreement. Customs and navigation 

English, MacMurrav I: 634: B. F. S. P. 101: 271; 
Martens 86: 806. 

Agreement. Exploitation of Yalu timber 

English, Martens 91: 814; MacMurray I: 731. 

Agreement. Mines and railwavs in Manchuria 

English, MacMurray I: 790: B. F. S. P. 102: 393; 
Martens 87: 674. 

Agreement. Customs 

English, B.F.S. P. 107: 730; Martens92: 652; Mac- 
Murray II: 1039. 
Treaty (followed by exchange of notes). Province of 
Shantung. 
English, MacMurrav II: 1216; Martens 94: 334; 
A. J. I.L. Supp. 10: 1. 
Treaty (followed by exchange of notes). South Man- 
churia and Eastern Inner Mongolia. 
Enghsh, MacMurray II: 1220; Martens 94: 335; 
A. J. I. L. Supp. 10: 5. 

Exchange of notes. Hanyehping 

English, MacMurray II: 1229; Martens 94: 348. 

Exchange of notes. Fukien 

Enghsh, MacMurray II: 1230; Martens 94: 349. 
Exchange of notes. Shantung. (Not ratified by China.) 
English, MacMurray II: 1445. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Outer Mongolia. (Signedalso by Russia.) - 
Enghsh, MacMurray 11: 1239. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce. - 

Convention. Consular (Dutch possessions and colonies) 
English, MacMurrav I: 856; French, Martens 93: 
288; B. F. S. P. 104: 877. 



Signed. 



' 9 Feb., 1898 
11 Feb., 1898 



9 June, 1898 



iJuly, 1898 



5 Sept., 1902 
13 May, 1904 



27 Apr., 1906 



20 Apr., 
8 May, 

26 Oct., 

28 Mar., 

17 Apr., 
8 Nov., 



1908 
1911 



1866 
1903 



1895 
1895 



21 July, 
19 Oct., 



1896 
1896 



26 Apr., 1898 

8 Oct., 1903 
22 Dec, 1905 
15 Apr., 1907 



30 May, 1907 



14 May, 
4 Sept. 

29 May, 

25 May, 



1908 
,1909 

1913 

1915 



25 May, 1915 

25 May, 1915 
25 May, 1915 
24 Sept., 1918 

14 Dec, 1899 

7 June, 1915 

6 Oct., 1863 

8 May, 1911 



Page. 



2i)7 



430 
431 



432 



434 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
CHINA— Continued. 



31 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



Norwav. 
Peru... 



Portugal. 



I 238 
I 239 
j with 239 
with 239 



Russia"^-". 



240 



240 



Spain... 
Sweden . 



Switzerland... 
United States . 



241 ! 

238 

242 
'with 2421 

243 
i 244 



Treaty. Peace, amity, and commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Protocol. Duration of treat v of 1874 

Protocol. Chinese immigrants 

Protocol. Mutual relations 

English. B. F. S. P. 78: 520; Martens 68: 68.5; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 422. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Convention. Opium trade (Macao) 

English, B. F .S. P. 78: 531; Martens 68: 798: Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 434. 

Agreement. Collection of duties on opium 

English, B. F. S. P. 78: 532; Martens 68: 799: Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 435. 

Supplementary coiiA'ention. Commerce 

English, MacMurray I: 370. 

Additional convention . Customshouse at M acao 

English, MaciMurray I: 385. 

Treaty.' Commerce (unratified) 

English, MacMurray I: 371. 

Treaty. Peace, boundary, etc 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 437; Martens 46 
(pt. 2): 173. 

Treaty. Peace . boundaries, etc 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 439; Martens 25: 711. 

Treaty. Commerce, etc. (Hi and Tarbagatai) 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 449; Martens 46 
(pt. 2): 176: B. F. S. P. .53: 961. 
Treaty. Riverain trade, etc. (Usuri, Amur, Sungari^i.. 
French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 454. 

Treaty. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 53: 966: Martens 45 (pt. 2): 128; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 4-55. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 13 June, 1858 

French, B. F. S. P. .53: 970: Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
461. 

Convention. Overland trade 

English, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 478. 

Treaty. Commerce, frontier trade, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 72: 1143; :SIartens5S: 221; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 483. 

Agreement. IManchuria ' 

English, Pari. Papers 1904 (cd. 1936), 110: 121, 36; i 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 509; Rockhih: 99; Mac- j 
Murray I: 326. : 

Exchange of notes. Imports into Manchuria j 

English, MacMurray I: 650. { 

Regulations. Customs, Manchuria, etc i 

English, MacMurray I: 651. I 

Declaration. Mongolia... ! 

English, MacMurray H: 1066; French, Martens 93: I 
145; B. F. S. P. 107: 732. 
Agreement. Tnternretation of dutv-free list in treaty 
of 1881. 
English, MacMurray II: 1191. 
Convention. Mongolia. (Signed also by Mongolia). . . 
English, MacMurray II: 1239; A. J. I. L. Supp. 10; 
251. 

Treaty. Amity, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Peace, amity, and commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Article. Additional to treat}* of 1908 

Treaty of friendship 

Declaration. Most-fa A^ored-nation treatment 

See America, United States of. 



20 Mar., 1847 
26 June, 1874 
17 Aug., 1909 
28 Aug., 1909 
26 Mar., 1887 



1 Dec, 1887 
....do 



435 



436 
438 



4.88 



.do. 



15 Oct., 1902 
27 Jan., 1903 
11 Nov., 1904 

1689 

21 Oct., 1727 
25 July, 1851 

16 May, 1858 

13 June, 1858 

14 Nov., 1860 

27 Apr., 1869 
24 Feb., 1881 

8 Apr., 1902 

15 July, 1907 
30 May, 1908 

5 Nov., 1913 

4 Mar., 1915 
7 June, 1915 



10 Oct., 1864 
20 Mar., 1847 
2 July, 1908 
24 May, 1909 
13 Jvuie, 1918 
do 



439 
435 
441 
442 
443 
443 



COLOMBIA. 



America, United 
States of. 



Bolivia 

2* See p. 757, note 195. 




Treaty. Amity and commerce 

Convention. Consular 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 314: English and Spanish 
Martens 44: 280. 

Treaty. Settlement of differences 

Treaty of friendship 



12 Dec, 1846 
4 May, 1850 

6 Apr., 1914 
19 Mar., 1912 



32 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

COLOMBIA— Continued . 



i 
Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Brazil 




Treaty. Boundaries and navigation 


24 Apr., 1907 

24 Apr., 1907 

21 Aug., 1908 

10 Aug., 1905 
30 May, 1892 

4 Sept., 1901 

23 July, 1892 
18 Feb., 1866 
20 Aug., 1912 

27 Oct., 1892 

11 Dec, 1896 

25 May, 1908 
IMav, 1829 

20 July, 1881 
20 Jan., 1870 

9 Apr., 1857 

24 Aug., 1865 
23 Feb., 1882 

30 Jan., 1881 

28 Nov., 1885 

1 28 Apr., 1894 
14 Mar., 1908 

j 






137 

245 
246 

247 
147 
with 147 

248 

249 
250 
with 250 


English, B. F. S. P. 100: 810; Portuguese, Martens 
86: 786; Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 350. 
Agreement. Navigation of Putumayo 






English, B. F. S. P. 100: 809; Portuguese, Martens 
86: 789; Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 350. 
Treatv. Commerce and fluvial navigation 


285 




Treaty. Peace, commerce, and navigation 


444 


France. 


Convention. Establishment, commerce, and naviga- 
tion. 
Convention. Industrial property 


446 








French, France Tr. I: 644; Martens 82: 306; B. F. S. P. 
96: 568. 


446 


Great Britain 

Italy 


Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Protocol. Application to certain British colonies of 
treaty of 1866. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Agreement. Additional to treaty of 1892 


298 
300 

449 








Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 277. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


451 




452 




Convention. Consuls (Dutch colonies)... 


453 


Peru 


Convention. Consular 




Portugal 


251 

with 251 



English, B. F. S. P. 60: 343; Spa,nish, Peru Tr. 
3: 291; Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 10; Colombia 
Tr. Pub. 1: 75. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, navigation, and 

extfaditio'n. 
Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1857 


454 




456 


Salvador 


Convention. Copyright 




Spain 


252 



with 252 
253 


Spanish, Martens 64: 208. 


456 




Convention. Copyright 






Enghsh, Martens 82: 244; B. F. S. P. 90: 1273. 
T^eatJ^ Additional to treaty of 1881 


456 


Switzerland 

United States 


Treaty. Establishment and commerce 

See America, United States of. 


457 









CONGO. 



Austria-Hungary25 



China 

Denmark. 



France. 



Germany 26... 
Great Britain . 

Italy 

Japan 

Netherlands. - 

Norway 

Portugal 

Russia" 

'Spain 

Sweden 

, Switzerland . . 



Convention. Comm.erce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 75: 991; Martens 60: 373. 

Treaty. Most-favored-nation treatment 

Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 586; Martens 60: 382. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 578; Martens 60: 377. 
Convention. Commerce 

French, B. F. S. P. 94: 743; Martens 83: 276; 
Clercq 22: 45; Descamps et Renault 1901: 110. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 75: 354; Hdv. 1906: 377. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 227; English and French, 
B. F. S. P. 75: 29; French, Martens 60: 369. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 75: 633; Martens 60: 371. 
Declaration . Friendsliip and establishment 

French, B. F. S. P. 92: 790; Martens 83: 245. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 75: 322; Martens 60: 373. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 580; Martens 60: 379. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 583; Martens 60: 381. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 1010; Martens 60: 378. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 575; Martens 60: 375. 
Convention. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 580; Martens 60: 379. 
Treaty. Friendship, establishment, and commerce . . . 
French, B. F. S. P. 81: 264, French and German. 
Martens 66: 600. 



10 July, 
23 Feb., 


189S 

1885 


420 


5 Feb., 


1885 




31 Oct., 


1901 




8 Nov. 


1884 




16 Dec, 


1884 




19 Dec, 


1884 





17 Jan., 


1900 




27 Dec, 


1884 




10 Feb. 


1885 




14 Feb. 


1885 





5 Feb. 


1885 




7 Jan., 


1885 




10 Feb. 


1885 




16 Nov 


,1889 





» See p. 187, note 20. 



Seep. 546, note 128. 



« See p. 757, note 195. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
COREA. 



33 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 




374 


Treaty. Annexation 


22 Aug., 1910 


667- 








COSTA RICA. 



America, United 
States of. 


14 


France 




Great Britain 


254 

148 




with 148 


Spain 

United States 


355 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 10 July, 1851 

Agreement. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 594. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. I: 659. 
Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 661. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

Engush, Hdb. 1912: 239; B. F. S. P. 90: 18; Martens 
80: 178. 
Protocol. AppUcation to certain British colonies of 
treaty of 1849. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

See America, United States of. 



10 July, 


1851 


25 Apr., 


1902 


8 July, 


1896 


28 Aug. 


1896 


7 June 

27 Nov. 

5 Mar., 


1901 
1849 

1898 


18 Aug. 


1913 


10 May, 


1850 



CUBA. 



America, United 
States of. 

Austria ^8 

France 



Germany 29 

Italy 

United States. 



15 i Convention. Commercial 

63 I Treaty of peace 

Convention. Industrial property 

French, France Tr. I: 673; Martens 84: 521. 



314 
256 



Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Friendship, navigation, and commerce. 
See America, United States of. 



11 Dec, 1902 

10 Sept., 1919 
4 June, 1904 

28 June, 1919 

29 Dec, 1903 



CZECHOSLOVAKIA. 



(Principal) Allied 
and Associated 
Powers. 

Austria 



Bulgaria 
France.. 



Germany. 



Italy 

Rumania . 



257 



63 



Serb-Croat' 
Slovene State. 



Switzerland 3o. 



/ 210 
^ 258 



314 



Treaty. Peace settlement . 



Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Execution of treaty of St. Germain 

German, BuiidesgbL, No. 479. 

Treaty. Citizenship and protection of minorities 

German, Bundesgbh, No. 163. 

Agreement . Transportation, etc 

(German, Bundesgbl., No. 442. 

Agreement. Deposits 

German, Bundesgbl., No. 391. 

Treaty. Commerce 

English (transl.), State Department dispatch, 
Vienna, 11 July, 1921 . (Provisions as to handling 
of permits for export and import were put into 
operation 1 June, 1921.) 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Transportation 

English (transl.), State Department dispatch No. 
2136, Paris, 11 Feb., 1921." 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Trade 

German, Reichsgbl. 1920: 2240. 
Agreement. Application of article 297 of treaty of Ver- 
sailles. 
German, Reichsgbl. 1920: 2279. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

English (transl.), State Department dispatch, 
Prague, 4 May, 1921. 

Agreement. Commerce 

English (transl.), State Department dispatch No. 
523, Prague, 10 June, 1921. 

Convention. Commerce 

Enghsh (transl.), State Department dispatch No. 
435, Prague, 25 Feb., 1921. 
Treaty. Commerce 



10 Sept., 1919 

10 Sept., 1919 
18 May, 1920 

7 June, 1920 

2 Aug., 1920 

I 
10 Aug., 1920 j 

4 May, 1921 



27 Nov., 1919 

4 Nov., 1920 

do 



28 June, 1919 

29 June, 1920 

do 



23 Mar., 1921 

23 Apr., 1921 

18 Oct., 1920 

9 Mar., 1906 



28 See p. 176, note 16. 29 See p. 546, note 128. 3o Concluded between Austria-Hungary and Switzerland. 



M 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
DANZIG. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 






12 Feb., 1920 
9 Nov., 1920 




Poland 


259 


State Department dispatch No. 972, Berlin, 20 Apr., 
1921. 
Treaty. Relations between Danzig and Poland 


472 



DENMARK. 



America, United 16 

States of. 

17 



Argentina 

Austria-Hungary 

Belgium 



Brazil. 



Bulgaria. 



Chile. . . 
China. . 
France. 



68 



96 



Germany: 



221 

228 
with 260 



Convention . Commerce and navigation . 



with 260 



261 



with 261 



Convention . Sou nd dues 

Convention . Consular 

English, U. S. Tr.I: 383. 
Convention . Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr.I: 389; Martens 72: 293. 
Agreement . Industrial property 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 396; B. F. S. P. 99: 1039; Eng- 
lisli and French, Martens 85: 278. 
Agreement . Trade-marks in China 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 399. 
ConA'ention . Danish West Indies 

English and Danish, U. S. T. S. No. 629; English, 
A. J. T. L., Supp. 11: 53. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 62: 494. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French and German, Martens 65: 717. 

Declaration . Trade-marks 



French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 111. 
Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo.) 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 586; Martens 60: 382. 

Treaty. Commerce and na^"igation 

Declaration . Industrial models 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 597; B. F. S. P. 100: 707; 
Marten, s 86: 785. 
Convention . Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 351; Martens 90: 583; Eng- 
lish, A. J.I. L., Supp. 6: 244. 
Declaration . Trade-marks 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 103; Martens 
62: 548. 
Exchange of notes. Commerce , 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 194; Martens 91: 541. 

Treaty. Commerce, friendship, and navigation 

Treaty . Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1742 

Convention . Sound dues ." 

French, France Tr. I: 692; Martens 45 (pt. 2): 364; 
B. F. S. P. 47: 817. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. I: 699; Martens 56: 491. 
Declaration . Certificates of origin 

French, France Tr. I: 702. 
Declaration . Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. I: 703; Clercq 20: 629. 

Articles. Additional to convention of 1842 

Declarations. Renunciation by Denmark of capitula- 
tions in Morocco. 

French, B. F. S. P. 109: 913. 

Treaty. Commerce (Prussia) 

Declaration . Treatment of vessels (Bremen) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 188; Martens 24: 72. 
Agreement. Commerce (Liibeck) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 185. 
Declaration. Harbor dues (Liibeck) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 186. 
Declaration. Commerce and na\'igation (Oldenburg) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 183: French, Martens 31: 29; 
B. F. S. P. 29: 231. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Mecklenburg- 
Schwerin.) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 180. 

Convention. Renewal of treaty of 181S (Prussia) 

Agreement. Exemption from harbor due lor v/recked 
vessels (Hamburg) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 191. 



26 Apr., 1826 

11 Apr., 1857 
11 July, 1861 

15 June, 1892 

26 June, 1906 



19 Mar., 1907 
25 Mar., 1907 
4 Aug., 1916 



9 Jan., 1883 

14 Mar., 1887 
9 Feb., 1888 

/15 Nov., 1879 
117 Nov., 1879 

23 Feb., 1885 

18 June, 1895 
22 Apr., 1907 



•26 Aug., 1909 

26 Apr., 1881 

10 Dec, 1909 

4 Feb., 1899 
13Juiy, 1863 
23 Aug., 1742 

9 Feb., 1842 
28 Sept., 1857 

7 Apr., 1880 

27 Oct., 1892 

21 Jan., 1897 

9 Feb., 1910 
12 May, 1915 

17 June, 1818 

5 Nov., 1835 

8 July, 1840 
14 Oct., 1840 
31 Mar., 1841 

25 Nov., 1845 



26 May, 1846 
11 Sept., 1854 



124 
125 



191 



233 



414 
420 
474 
474 



LIST OF TREATIES. 



35 



DENMARK— Continued. 



Treaties with— 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



Germany (contd.)| 



13 Nov., 1854 



Great Britain. 



149 
1.50 



'with 149 
land 150 



25 Apr., 1857 



Greece. 
Italy... 



Japan. 



262 

263 
with 263 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 



Mexico. . 
Morocco. 



264 
265 



267 



Netherlands. 



Norway. 



Paraguay. 



Persia — 
Portugal. 
Rumania. 
Russia 31. 



275 



Agreement. Exemption from harbor dues for wrecked 
vessels (Bremen). 

German, Hdv. 1906: 190. 

Convention. Sound and belt dues (Prussia) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 179; French, Martens 45 (pt. 

2): 362. ! j 

Agreement. Execution of article 6 of general conven- j 25 Tan., 1858 . 

tion of 14 Mar.. 1857. (Bremen). I 

German, Bdv. 1906: 190. I 

Declaration . Coasting trade. (North G erman union). 

German, Hdv. 1906: 160. 



Treaty. Peace and commerce 

do 

Treatv. Peace, etc., renewing old treaties 

English, Hdb. 1912: 270: French and English. 
B. F. S. P. 1: 234; French, Martens .50: 678. 

Convention . Commeice 

Declaration . Trade-marks 

English. Hdb. 1912: 278: English and Danish, Mar- 
tens 56: 421. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, Hdb. 1912: 278: MacMurray I: 546. 
Declaration. Application to certain British colonies of 

treaties of 1660-61 and 1670. 
Agreement . Aerial navigation 

English and Danish, L. N. T. S. 2: 249 
Agreement . Wrecks 

English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 1, Cmd. 1223. 
Agreement. Suppression of capitulations in Egypt 

English, G. B. T. S., 1921, No. 15, Cmd. 1498. 

Treaty. Commerce and na^dgation 



fl7 Feb., 1868 

[23 Feb., 1868 

(13 Feb., 1660 

\.13 Feb., 1661 

11 July, 1670 

14 Jan., 1814 



16 June, 1824 
28 Nov., 1879 



dl Nov. 

^11 Dec, 

9 May, 



1905 
1905 
1912 



23 Dec, 1920 



270 
271 



do 

Art icle. Additional to treaty of 1864 

Declaration . Industrial models 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 282; Martens 86: 757. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Customs 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and na^^gation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 94: 883. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 283; Danske Tr. (1751- 
1800): 268. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, B. F. S. P. 4: 960. 

Declaration. Duration of treaty of 1701 

French, Lagemans 1: 60; B. F. S. P. 4: 959. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 58: 167. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Sound and belt dues 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 47. 

Declaration. Treatm^ent of vessels 

Norwegian. Norway Tr. 1914: 48. 

Declaration. Coasting trade 

French, B. F. S. P. 104: 911; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914: 51. 

Declaration. Modifj-ing treaty of 1826 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 631; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914: 53. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 647; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914: 54. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 57. 

Convention. Consular' 

Spanish, Martens 84: 32^. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

: Declaration . Commerce 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

{ Declaration. Industrial models 

I French, B. F. S. P. 99: 1037; Martens 84; 699. 

I Convention. Property 

I French, B. F. S. P. 107: 744. 

I Convention. Copyright 

I French, B. F S. P 109: 914. 



/28 Sept., 
^21 Jan.. 
14 July, 

f25 Dec, 
\31 Oct., 

1 May, 
17 Sept., 

3 Mar., 

12 Feb., 

do.. 

1 May, 
1 Oct., 

3 May, 
25 July, 



1918 
1921 
1921 

1843 
1846 
1864 
1902 
1907 

1912 



1860 
1912 



1910 
1767 



i 15 June, 1701 
! 10 July, 1817 
1 14 Jan., 1881 



2 Nov., 1826 
26 Apr., 1827 

13 June, 1856 
16 Apr., 1858 

19 Jan., 1865 

21 Sept., 1894 

1909/1910 
18 July, 1903 

30 Nov., 1857 

14 Dec, 1896 
11 Apr., 1910 

2 Mar., 1895 
13 Sept., 1906 

5 May, 1913 

18 Feb., 1915 



" See p. 757, note 195. 
54083—22- 



302 
303 



304 



303 



477 

478 



479 
482 
483 



484 



494 



485 
486 
487 



36 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

DENMARK— Continiied. 



Treaties with- 



Serb-C r o a t-Slo- 

vene State.32 
Siam 



Spain... 
Sweden. 



Switzerland. 
Turkey 



United States . 



No. 



273 



274 
275 



with275 



with275 
with 275 



with 276 



Description. 



Signed. 



Declaration . Most-favored-nation treatment 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention spirituous liquors 

Englishi, B. F. S. P. 74: 741; Martens 64: 295. 
Treaty. Jurisdiction over Danish subjects in Siam 

English, Martens 92: 674; French, B. F. S. P. 107: 
750. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation » 

do 

Convention. Treatment of vessels 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 62:^. 
Convention. Execution of general convention of 14 
Mar., 1857 (Sound and belt dues). 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 624. 
Declaration. Coasting trade 

French) B. F. S. P. 104: 911; Sweden Tr. 1910: 625. 
Declaration . Modifving treaty of 1826 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 631. 

Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1826 

Declaration . Commerce and navigation 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 632. 

Declaration. Additional to declaration of 1871 

Declaration . Coasting trade 

Declaration. Copyright 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 641. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 647. 
Convention, Fisheries 

Danish and Swedish, Martens 91: 577; Swedish, 
Sweden Tr. 1910: 652. 
Declaration. Modifying Article IV of convention of 1899 

French, B. F. S. P. 104: 916; Swedish, Sweden Tr. 
1910: 655. 
Declaration . Coasting trade 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 658. 
Declaration. Modifying convention of 1899 

Danish and Swedish, Martens 91: 586; Swedish, 
Sweden Tr. 1910: 660. 
Declaration. Industrial models 

English, B. F. S. P. 101: 962; Swedish, Sweden 
Tr. 1910: 661. 
Declaration. Additional to declaration of 1873 

Danish and Swedish, Martens 93: 638. 

Treaty. Commerce and establishment 

Article. Additional to treaty of 10 Feb., 1875 

Treatv. Commerce and navigation 

English, B.F.S. P.54: 1043; French, Danske Tr. 
(1751-1800): 85. 
Treaty. Commerce 

French, B.F.S. P. 54: 1018. 
See America, United States of. 



30 Nov., 


1909 


490 


21 May, 
25 JulV, 


1858 
1883 


490 


15 Mar., 


1913 




4 July, 

2 Nov. 
13 June, 


1893 
1826 
1856 


492 
494 


21 Apr., 


1857 




16 Apr., 


1858 




19 Jan., 


1865 




25 June 
22 Sept. 


1869 
,1871 


494 


2 Apr., 

5 Aug. 

27 Nov. 


1873 
1879 
1879 


494 
495 


21 Sept 


,1894 




14 July, 


1899 




23 Apr. 


1902 




11 June 


1904 




5 Oct., 


1907 




19 June 


1908 





12 Oct., 


1911 




10 Feb. 
22 May, 
14 Oct., 


1875 

1875 
1756 


495 
495 


1 May, 


1841 






Page. 



DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. 



France. 



Haiti. 
Italy. 



Mexico 

Netherlands. 
Portugal 



277 
with 27" 
with27; 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, France Tr. I: 709; Martens 65: 824; B.F.S. 
P. 73: 563. 
Declaration . Industrial property 

French, France Tr. 1: 716; Martens 65: 839. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. I: 716; B. F. S. P. 73: 570. 
Treaty. J 'eace, friendship, commerce, and navigation. . 

French, Martens 77: 3; B.F.S. P. 65: 235. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Act. Additional to treaty of 1888 

Declaration. Renewtng treaty of 1888 

Treatv. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Spanish, Martens 68: 758; English, B. F. S. P. 82: 689, 
Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 74: 121; B.F.S. P. 83: 928. 
Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Martens 64: 38; English, B. F. S. P. 74: 118 



9 Sept., 1882 

9 Sept., 1882 
25 Oct., 1882 
9 Nov 



18 Oct., 

5 Jan., 

15 July, 

29 Mar., 

1 iMay, 

1 May, 



1874 

1886 
1889 
1903 
1890 

1891 

1883 



497 
497 
497 



s2Seep. 771, note 197. 
•1 Terminated. See Appendix. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
ECUADOR. 



37 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



America, United 
States of. 



Belgium . 
Bolivia. . . 
Colombia. 
France. .. 



(lennany . . . . 
Great Britain 



rtaly. 



Japan 

Mexico. . . 
Salvador. 



Spain. 



Switzerland... 
United States. 



128 
245 



278 



280 
with 280 
281 
282 



Convention . Coraniercia 1 travelers . j 

English, Cong. Rec. 59: 1536. (Ratification advised 1 

bV U.S. Senate: ratification on part of Ecuador | 

stillpending,! Oct., 1921.) i 

Convention . Gold clearance fund 

International High Commission, 1919. (Not yet I 
ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) j 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation i 

Treaty of friendship | 

Treaty, l^eace, commerce, and Jiavigation j 

Convention . Copvnght 

French, France Tr. I: 737: B.F. S. P.90: 1172. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention . Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. 1: 746: B.F.S. P.92: 1018. 
l^rotocol. .\dditional to convention of 1898 j 

French, France Tr. I: 7-9: B. F. S. P. 98: 456. ] 

Treatv of f-iendship : 

Convention. Trade-marks ■ 

English, Hdb. 1912: 281: B. F. S. P. 84: 7.5. 

Treatv.^ Establishment, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Additional to t^-eaty of 1900 | 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation I 

do ". I 



31 Dec, 1919 



25 May, 1920 



5 Mar., 
17 Apr., 
10 .\ug., 

9 May, 

30 May, 
17 Mar., 



1887 
1911 
1905 



1898 
1900 



1 July, 1905 



.do. 



283 



English, Martens 74: 16; B. F. S. P. 82: 686. 
Convention. Commerce 

Spanish, Spa'n Tr. 3: 216. 
Convention. Copyright 

English, B. F. S. P. 98: 970: Spanish. Martens, 82: 
298. 
Treat}^ Establishment and commerce 

See America, United States of. 



28 Mar., 
26.\ug., 

12 Aug., 
26 Feb., 
26 Aug., 
10 July, 

29 Mar., 

15 May, 

30 June, 



1887 
1892 

1900 
1911 
1918 
1888 
1890 

1861 

1900 



22 June, 1888 



Page. 



EGYPT. 



235 
275 
444 



501 



501 



502 
502 
502 
504 



506 



America, United 

States of. 
Austria-Hungarys 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 34 

France 



Germany »'*.. 
Great Britain. 



Greece 

Italy 

Montenegro . 

Norway 



Russia 36 , 
Sweden . . 



Turkey 

United States . 



18 

69 
98 
203 



Agreement. Commerce and customs j 16 Nov., 1884 



204 
with 204 
152 



with 152 



205 

206 



207 



208 



Convention . Commerce 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Most-favored-nation treatment 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

French, France Tr. II: 577: B. F. S. P. 97: 892; 

Martens 84: 426; De.scamps et Renault 1902: 705. 

Convention. Commerce 

Additional to treaty of 1892 

Commerce and navigation 

Sudan 

B. F. S. P. 91: 19; Kertslet 21: 356. 

Application to certain British colonies of 



Convention. 
Convention. 
Agreement. 
English, 
Agreement, 
treaty of 1889. 

Convention . Commerce 

Convention . CommxCrce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation. 

Declaration . Customs 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 249. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Customs 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 673. 
Agreement. Customs 

French, B. F. S. P. 82: 752. 
See America, United States of. 



16 Aug., 
24 June, 
13 Feb., 
26 Nov., 



19 July, 
17 Mar., 
29 Oct., 
19 Jan., 



1890 i 

1891 ! 
1906 
1902 I. 



1892 
1910 



1899 



16 Dec, 1907 



4 June, 
14 July, 
f30 Mar., 
121 July, 

12 Feb., 

13 Mar., 
12 Feb., 



1906 
1906 
1905 
1905 
1890 

1909 
1890 



18 Dec, 1890 



192 
236 
375 



375 
375 
305 



307 

378 
381 
384 



.385 



ESTHONIA. 



Great Britain . 



Agreement. Commerce 

English, G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 19, Cmd. 1097 



20 July, 1920 



p. 187, note 20. 3< See p. 391, note 82. 35 See p. 546, note 128. 



See p. 757, note 195. 



38 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES, 
ETHIOPIA (ABYSSINIA.) 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 




19 

70 
99 


• 

Treaty. Commercial 


27 June, 1914 

21 Mar., 1905 

6 Sept., 1906 

7 June, 1843 

10 Jan., 1908 

7 Mar., 1905 
14 May, 1897 

|l3 Apr., 1909 
(12 May, 1909 

21 July, 1906 

/22 June, 1908 
\25 June, 1908 


126 


States of. 
Austria-Hungary 
Belgium 


Treaty. Friendship and commerce 


194 


Treaty. Commerce 


238 




Treaty. Political and commercial 






284 
153 


French, France Tr. II: 255. 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce - 






French, France Tr. II: 256; B. F. S. P. 101: 997; 
Martens 52: 833. 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce 


■ 507 




Treaty. Trade, etc 


307 




Exchange of notes. Import duties in Ethiopia 




Italy 


English, Hdb. 1912: 301; B. F. S. P. 102: 75; Mar- 
tens 90: 509. 


} 






English, B.F.S. P. 99: 1069; Italian.Italy Tr. 1911: 
I: 306; Martens 86: 488. 

Notes. Commerce between Ethiopia and Somalia 

French and Italian, B. F. S. P. 102: 418. 


} 



FINLAND. 



France. 
Russia . 



285 



Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty of peace 



13 July, 1921 508 

14 Oct., 1920 511 



FRANCE. 



America, United 
States of. 



Argentina. 
Austria ^7. . 



Austria Hungaryss 



Belgium . 



20 Convention. Commerce and navigation. 
21 



with 20 
55 

with 55 
63 



100 



Convention. Consular 

Convention. Trade-marks 

English, U.S.Tr. I: 534; French, France Tr. I: 245. 
Agreement. Relations in Tunis 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 544; B. F. S. P. 97: 954; 
French, France Tr. I: 250; French and English, 
Martens 84: 513. 
Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 545; MacMurray I: 538. 
Exchange of notes . Copyright in China 

English, MacMurray I: 927. 

Agreement. Duration treaty of 1822 

Treaty . Navigation of Parana and Uruguay 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1853 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Execution of treaty of St. Germain 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 20. 
Agreement. Application of Part X of treaty of St. 
Germain to Alsace-Lorraine. 

German, Bundesgbl. No. 189. 
Convention . Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 294. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. I: 299; B.F. S. P. 56: 266. 
Convention. Property 

French, France Tr. I: 305; B. F. S. P. 58: 1340. 

Convention . Commerce 

Treaty. Navigation 

Declaration. Relations in Timis 

French, France Tr. I: 320; B. F. S. P. 88: 716; 
Martens 63: 356; Clercq 20: 596. 
Declaration. Fishing ffear 

French, France Tr. I: 356. 
Convention. Commerce, etc. fCongo) 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 578; Martens 60: 377. 
Declaration. Spirituous liquors 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 602. 

Agreement. Commerce 

Agreement. Sanitarv 

French, France tr. I: 129. 

Declaration. Relations in Timi'; 

French, France Tr. I: 433: B. F. S.~ P.. 8Q: 615; 
Martens 73: 430: ClercQ 20: 628. 



24 June, 1822 



23 Feb., 1853 
16 Apr., 1869 



15 Mar., 1904 



3 Oct., 1905 
27 Dec, 1911 

17 July, 1919 
10 July, 1853 
19 Aug., 1892 

10 Sept., 1919 

18 Sept., 1920 

7 Feb., 1921 

11 Dec, 1866 
....do 



.do. 



18 Feb., 1884 
9 Apr., 1884 
20 July, 1896 



24 Dec, 1867 

5 Feb., 1885 

17 Nov., 1888 

ri5 Jan., 1892 
iSO.Tan., 1892 
f30May, 1895 
[SI May, 1895 
2 Jan., 1897 



37 Seep. 176, note 16. 



3s See p. 187, note 20. 



LIST OF TEEATIES. 

FRANCE— Continued. 



39 



Treaties with — 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



lielKium— Con. 



Bolivia- 



Brazil. 



Bulgarians 



Canada- 
China . . 



Colombia 


246 


Costa Rica 




Cuba 


254 



Czechoslovakia 



210 
201 
229 



230 
with 230 



257 



AsiTeement. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, France Tr. I: 436. 

Convention. Commerce (Congo) 

French, B. F. S. P. 94: 743; Martens 83: 276: Clercq 
22: 45; Descamps et Renault 1901: 110. 

Agreement. Comm-ercial travelers 

French, France Tr. I: 457. 

Declaration. .Tudicial acts 

I French, France Tr. I: 491; B. F. S. P. 100:890. 

\ Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Mo- 
rocco. 
French, France Tr. I: -195. 

Declaration. Cop3'right 

French, France Tr. I: 503. 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr 1: 503: B. F. S. P. 89: lOOfi. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Mo- 
rocco. 

French, Bull. Of. de I'Empire Cheriiien 13 >ept. 
1915. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. I: 513; Martens 52: 190: Portu- 
guese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 64. 

Declarations. Commerce .'. 

French, France Tr. I: 511; B. F. S. P. 97: 680; 

Clercq 22: 591; 597; Portuguese, Brazil Act. 

Diplom. 2: 280. 

Exchange of notes. Renewing declarations of 1900. 

(These had been denounced by France 15 June, 1903.) 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 320. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 518. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, B. F. tJ. P. 99: 883: Martens 85: 3; France 
Tr. I: 522. 

Protocol. Explanatory of treaty of 1906 

French, France Tr. I: 551; Martens 93: 386. 

Agreement . Importation of silk-worm eggs 

French, France Tr. I: 553; Martens 93: 389. 

Convention. Trade-marks , 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 814; France Tr. I: 555. 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1858 , 

French, B. F. S. P. 51: 668; France Tr. I: 596; Mar- 
tens 46 (pt. 1): 44; Clercq 8: 135; Hertslet's China 
Tr. I: 287. 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 

French, France Tr. I: 598; B. F. S. P. 76: 239; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 296; EngUsh and French, Mar- 
tens 62: 645. 

Convention. Commerce 

do 

Convention. Supplementary to convention of 1887 

French, B. F. S. P. 87: 525; Martens 73:96; Clercq 
20: 241; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 323; France Tr. 
I: 623. 

Exchange of notes. Lease of Kuangchouwan, etc 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 327; France Tr. I: 
628; English, MacMurray I: 124. 

Convention. Lease of Kuangchouwan 

English, Rockhill: 55; MacMurray I: 128; French, 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 329. 

Arrangement. Yunnan Railroad 

EngUsh, MacMurray I: 453; French, France Tr. 
I: 629. 
Convention. Establishment, commerce, and naviga- 
tion. 

Convention. Industrial property 

French, France Tr. I: 644; Martens 82: 306; B. F. 
S. P. 96: 568. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. I: 659. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 661. 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Industrial property 

French, France Tr. I: 673; Martens 84: 621. 
Treaty. Peace settlement 



fl9Aug. 
128 Pept. 
31 Oct., 



f27 Aug. 

[ 1 Nov. 

2 Oct.. 

22 Pept. 



8 Sept., 
5 Aug., 

21 June, 

12 Apr., 

l26 June, 
[30 June, 

11 Jan., 

15 Dec, 

13 Jan., 

26 May, 

12 Oct., 
5 Jan., 

27 Nov., 
29 Jan., 
27 Jime, 
25 Oct., 

9 June, 



25 Apr., 

26 June, 
20 June, 



9 Apr., 
10 Apr., 

27 May, 

29 Oct., 

30 May, 
4 Sept.; 

8 July, 

28 Aug., 

7 June, 
4 June, 

10 Sept., 



1897 
,1897 
1901 

1901 
1901 
1912 

,1915 

1887 
1897 
1915 

1876 

1900 
1900 

1904 

1913 
1906 

1906 

1906 

1907 

1919 
1921 
1858 
1860 

1885 

1886 
1887 
1895 

1898 
1898 

1898 

1903 

1892 
1901 

1896 

1896 

1901 
1904 

1919 


}■■■- 
};;•■; 

} 



391 
372 
422 

424 
424 

} 

446 

459 
466 



39 See p. 391, note 82. 



40 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



FRANCE— Continued. 



Treaties with— | No 



Description. 



Signed. I Page. 



Czechoslovakia- 
Continued. 



with 260 
2()0 



Dominican Re- 
public. 



Ecuador. 



Egypt. 



Ethiopia (Abys- 
sinia). 



Finland 

Germany ^o. 



258 



with 260 



278 



285 



Convention . Commerce 

Convention . Transportation 

English (transL), State Department dispatch No. 
2136, Paris, 11 P^eb., 1921. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1742 

Convention. Sound dues 

French, France Tr. I: 692; Martens 45 (pt. 2): 364; 
B. F. S. P. 47: 817. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. I: 699; Martens 56: 491. 

Declaration . Certificates of origin 

French, France Tr. I: 702. 

Declaration . Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. I: 703; Clercq 20: 629. 

Articles. Additional to convention of 1 842 

Declarations. Renunciation by Denmark of capitula- 
tions in Morocco. 

French, B. F. S. P. 109: 913. 

Treatv. Commerce and navigation , 

French, France Tr. I: 709; Martens 65: 824; B. F. 
S. P. 73: 563. 

Declaration. Industrial property 

French, France Tr. I: 716; Martens 65: 839. 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. I: 716; B. F. S. P. 73: 570. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. I: 737; B. F. S. P. 90: 1172. 

Conveiition. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. I: 746; B. F. S. P. 92: 1018. 

Protocol. Additional to convention of 1898 

French, France Tr. I: 749; B. F. S. P. 98: 456. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

French, France Tr. II: 577; B. F. S. P. 97: 892; 
Martens 84: 426; Descamps et Renault 1902: 705. 

Treaty. Political and commercial 

French, France Tr. II: 255. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

French, France Tr. II: 256; B. F. S. P. 101: 997; 
Martens 52: 833. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce. (.Customs union) 

French, France Tr. I: 201; B. F. S. P. 55: 298; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 199. 

Treatv. Navigation (Customs union j 

French, France Tr. I: 202; German, Hdv. 1906: 200. 

Protocol to treaties of 1862. (Customs union) ; 

French. France Tr. I: 215; B. F. S. P. 57: 490. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Hanseatic Re- 
publics). 
French, France Tr. I: 226; B. F. S. P. 55: 352; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 211. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Mecklenburg- 
Schwerin). 
French, France Tr. I: 189; B. F. S. P. 55: 367; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 207. 
Accession to treaty of 9 June, 1865, signed by Mecklen- 
burg-Schwerin ( Mecklenburg-Str elitz ; . 
French, France Tr. I: 189 (note). 

Treaty of peace 

French, France Tr. I: 4; Clercq 10: 472; B. F. S. P. 
62: 77; Martens 69: 688; German, Hdv. 1906: 192. 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 10 May, 1871 ^^ 

French, France Tr. I: 9; B. F. S. P. 62: 88; French 
and German, Martens 70: 786. 
Declaration. Interpretive of article 2 of convention of 
12 Oct., 1871 (trade-marks). 
French, France Tr. I: 32; B. F. S . P. 63: 1016. 

Protocol. Possessions in West Africa, etc 

French, France Tr. 1:64; B. F. S. P. 76: 303; Clercq 
15: 927; French and German, Martens 61: 497; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 216. 
Exchange of n:)tes. Relations in Madagascar and 
Zanzibar. 
French, France Tr. I: 69; B. F. S. P. 82: 1085; 
Clercq 18: 681; German, Hdv. 1906: 218. 



4 Nov., 
....do.. 



23 Aug., 1742 474 
9 Feb., 1842 | 474 
28 Sept., 1857 ! 



7 Apr., 1S80 
27 Oct., 1892 
21Jan., 1897 



9 Feb., 1910 ! 474 
12 May, 1915 



9 Sept. ,1882 



do 

25 Oct., 1882 
9 May, 1898 



30 May, 1898 i 501 
17 Mar., 1900 I 



IJuly, 1905 
26 Nov., 1902 

7 June, 1843 
10 Jan.. 1908 



13 July, 1921 
2 Aug., 1862 



....do 

14 Dec, 1864 
4 Mar., 1865 

9 June, 1865 



508 



24 Aug., 1865 \ 
19 Sept., 1865 /- 

10 May, 1871 .. 



12 Oct., 1871 . 
8 Oct., 1873 . 

! 

24 Dec, 1885 |. 
17 Nov., 1890 1. 



<» See p. o46,note 128. 



^i In force, J. O. 25 Mar., 1921: 767. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

FRANCE— Continued . 



41 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Germany « (con.) 






18 Nov., 1896 
2 July, 1902 

8 Apr., 1907 

1 13 Dec, 1908 
|14Dec., 1908 

9 Feb., 1909 

I 6 Oct., 1911 
[15 Nov., 1911 

4 Nov., 1911 
... .do ... 




French, France Tr. I: 78; B. F. S. P. 88: 743; Clercq 
20: 627; French and German, Martens 73: 402; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 1157. 






French, France Tr. I: 84;B.F. S. P.95: 774; French 
and German, Martens 81: 362; German, Hdv. 
1906: 195. 
Convention . Copyright 






French, France Tr. I: 91; B. F. S. P. 101: 314; 
French and German, Martens 86: 774. 
Exchange of notes. Extending convention of 1907 to 
colonies. 
French, France Tr. I: 91 (note). 


} 






French, France Tr. I: 101; B. F. S. P. 102: 435; 
Martens 87: 30. 
Agreement. Sanitary 






French, France Tr. I: 108; French and German, 
Martens 93: 316. 
Convention concerning Morocco 


} 




314 


French, France Tr. I: 111; B. F. S. P. 104: 948; 
German, Martens 90: 643; English, A. J. I. L. 
Supp. 6: 113. 
Convention. Possessionsineaiiatorial Africa 






French, France Tr. I: 118; B. F. S. P. 104: 956; 

French and German, Martens 90: 651; English, 

A. J. I. L. ciapp. 6: 115; German, Hdv. 1915: 8. 

Exchange of notes. Aerialnavigation 


26 July, 1913 

13 Jan., 1914 

28 June, 1919 
5 May, 1921 

31 Aug., 1787 

7 Mar., 1815 

26 Jan., 1826 
30 June, 1843 

30 Apr., 1862 

28 Feb., 1882 
23 Oct., 1889 

15 Jan., 1896 

18 Sept., 1897 

[20 Apr., 1898 
[29 Aug., 1898 

2 Oct., 1899 
^13 Oct., 1899 
J 15 Nov., 1899 

27 June, 1901 

8 Aug., 1902 

19 Feb., 1903 
do 






French, France Tr. I: 154; English, B. F. S. P. 107: 
778; German, Martens 92: 643. 
Agreement Spirituous liquors ^i 






French, France Tr. 1:157; B. F. S. P. 107: 783; 
German, Hdv. 1915: 242. 
Treaty of peace 


546 




Protocol. Modifying Annex 11 to Part VIII of the treaty 
of peace of 28 June, 1919. 

English. G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 12, Cond. 1349. 
Convention . Establishment and commerce in India . . . 
French, France Tr. II: 260. 

Convention . Trade in salt and opium in India 

English, Hdb. 1912: 303; B. F. S. P. 2: 219; French, 
Martens 10:104. 
Convention Commerce and na\'igation 






154 
155 

156 

157 
158 
159 
160 
161 

162 
163 


308 










French, France Tr. II: 272. 






English, Hdb. 1912: 312: French, France Tr. II: 289. 


309 




Declaration. Wrecks . . " 






English, Hdb. 1912: 320; French, France Tr. II: 342. 
Declaration . Concerning Siam and the Upper Mekong . 
English and French, B. F. S. P. 88: 13; Martens 
73: 226; French, France Tr. II: 361. 




311 




Exchange of notes Trade-marks in China '. 






English, Hdb. 1912: 324; MacMurray I: 171; English 
and French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 585. 
Agreement. Certificates of origin 


1 




English, Hdb. 1912: 326; English and French, B. F. 
S. P. 91: 58; Martens 83: 231. 
Agreement. Commerce (Zanzibar) 


311 






312 




Convention. Commerce (India) 


312 






313 




Convention. Commerce (East Africa, Central Africa, 

and Uganda Protectorates). 
Declaration. Commerce (Egypt and Morocco) 


23 Feb., 1903 

8 Apr., 1904 
do 


313 
314 




Convention (Newfoundland, and West and Central 
Africa). 
English, B. F. S. P. 97: 31; English and French, 
Martens 82: 29; French, France Tr. II: 421. 
Declaration (Siam, Madagascar, and New Hebrides) 






do 






English, B. F. S. P. 97: 53; English and French, 
Martens 82: 37; French, France Tr. II: 428. 
Convention. Confirming protocol of 27 Feb., 1906 
(New Hebrides). 
English, B. F. S. P. 99: 229; French, France Tr. 
II: 455. 
Convention. Commerce (Barbados) 


20 Oct., 1906 
9 Jan., 1907 


314 



'Seep. 546, note 128. 



*i In force, J. O. 25 Mar., 1921: 



42 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

FRANCE— Continued . 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



309 



Great Britain- 
Continued. 



Greece . 



with 154 



witli 287 



Guatemala. 



Haiti. 



Honduras. 



Hungary 42. 
India 



Italy. 



288 



3)5 
289 



290 



Agreement. Additional to convention of 1882 

English. Hdb. 1912: 373; French, Martens 86: 905; 
France Tr. II: 503. 
Protocol. Application to certain British colonies of 
convention of 1826. 

Agreement. Commerce (Morocco and Egypt) 

English and French, G.|B.T. S. 1916, No. 7, Cd.8403; 
French, France Tr. II: 554. 

Agreement. Concerning petroleum (San Remo) 

English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 281. 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. II: 598; B. F. S. P. 67: 716; 
French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 282. 
Agreement. Most-favored-nation treatment 



Exchange of notes. Proroguing agreement of 1891. 



Declaration. Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. II: 611; French and Greek, 
Greece Tr. 1912: 303. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. II: 617; B. F. S. P. 107: 785; 
Martens 94: 452; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 
1912: 320. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 
French, France Tr. II: 619. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. II: 620; B. F. S. P. 87: 549. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. II: 624; B. F. S. P. 87: 548. 

Convention. Patents 

French, France Tr. II: 625; B. F. S. P. 107: 787. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

French, France Tr. II: 627. 

Convention. Commerce , 

Exchange of notes. Interpretive of convention of 1907. . 
French, Martens 94: 408. 

Treatv. Commerce and navigation 

French, France Tr. II: 639; B. F. S. P. 47: 805. 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Concerning the French loge at Balasore. . . 
English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 287. 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. II: 673; B. F. S. P. 52: 164. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, J'rance Tr. II: 710. 

Declaration. Customs 

French, France Tr. II: 716; Italy Tr. 1911, I: 378; 
B. F. S. P. 76: 243. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies and industrial 
property. 
French, France Tr. II: 717; B. F. S. P. 78: 722. 

Agreement. Additional to convention of 1862 

French, France Tr. II: 718; B. F. S. P. 79: 163. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation (Tunis) 

French, France Tr. II: 731; B. F. S. P. 88: 717; 
Martens 73: 382; Clercq 20: 597; Italy Tr. 14: 309. 

Convention. Consular (Tunis) , 

French, France Tr. II: 735; B. F. S. P. 88: 717; 
Martens 73: 382; Clercq 20: 597; Italy Tr. 14: 309. 
Declaration. Abolition of differential maritime cus- 
toms. 
French, France Tr. II: 756; Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 381. 

Agreement. Commerce ^ 

Exchange of notes . Additional to consular conventions 
of 1862 and 1896. 
French, France Tr. II: 781. 
Notes. Importation of medicinal and pharmaceutical 
products. 
French, France Tr. II: 790; French and ItaUan, 
Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 406; English and French, B. F. 
S. P. 101: 418; Italian, Martens 91: 808. 

Convention. Fisheries 

French, France Tr. II: 792; B. F. S. P. 101: 1059; 
Martens 93: 249. 

Agreement. Libia and Morocco 

French, France Tr. II: 803; B. F. S. P. 107: 794; 
Martens 93: 144. 

Convention. Sanitary 

French, France Tr. II: 804. 

Agreement. Libia and Tunis 

French, France Tr. II: 809; B. F. S. P. 107: 796. 



23 Oct., 1907 

6 July, 1912 

24 Aug., 1916 

24 Apr., 1920 

7 Jan., 1876 



20 Feb., 1891 
f20Jan., 1892 
'28 July, 1892 
16 Dec, 1892 
15 Jan., 1898 



22 Apr., 1912 

21 May, 1914 

21 Aug., 1895 

12 Nov., 1895 

28 Feb., 1914 

12 Feb., 1838 

3.) Jan., 1907 
16 Jan., 1912 

22 Feb., 1856 

4 June, 1920 
11 Feb., 1902 
26 Apr., 1920 

26 July, 1862 

9 July, 1884 

14 Feb., 1885 

16 Mar., 1887 

8 Dec, 1888 
28 Sept., 1896 



...-do 

1 Oct., 1896 



513 
513 



514 



623 
514 



21 Nov., 1898 

10 Mar., 1905 
'27 July, 1905 



13 Oct., 1907 

'21 Oct., 1907 

18 Jan., 1908 

28 Oct., 1912 

19 Mar., 1913 

29 May, 1914 



515 



« See p. 623, note 152. 
a To terminate 1 Mar,, 1922. 



See Appendix. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

FRANCE— Continued . 



43. 



Treaties \vith— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page; 


Italv (contd ) 




Convention. Use of waters of La Roya 


1 
17 Dec., 1914 

9 Mar., 1916 

27 Aug., 1920 

10 June, 1907 

i 

do 

14 Sept., 1909 

' 19 Aug., 1911 
i do 

4 Oct., 1913 
14 July, 1915 

19 Sept., 1919 

17 Apr., 1852 

20 Apr., 1852 
27 Mar., 1880 

10 Sept .,1902 

27 Nov.; 1886 
10 Apr., 1899 

10 Apr., 1912 
17 July, 1918 

30 June, 1892 
24 Jan., 1902 

30 Mar., 1912 

17 Nov., 1844 
27 Apr., 1852 

29 Mar., 1855 
27 Apr., 1860 

7 July, 1865 
19 Apr., 1884 

/27Jan., 1892 

\28Jan., 1892 

3 Apr., 1897 

13 Aug., 1902 

18 Aug., 1910 

26 May, 1916 

27 Jan., 1902 

30 Dec, 1881 
do ] 








French, France Tr. II: 810. 
Declaration. Renimciation of capitulations in Morocco. 

French, France Tr. II: 813. 
Convention. Importation of silk-worm eggs 

French, J. 0. 21 Nov., 1920: 18744. 
Agreement. Integritv of China 


i 




291 

292 
with292 


French, France Tr. Ill: 1; Japan Tr. 1918: 211; 
B.F.S.P.IOO: 913; Martens 86: 5; English, Mac- 
Murray I: 640: Rockhill: 30. 

Convention. Indo-China 

French, France Tr. Ill: 2; Japan Tr. 1918: 212; 
B. F. S. P. 100: 914; Martens 86: 6; EngUsh, Mac- 
Murray I: 640. 
Convention . Trade-marks, etc. , in China , . 






French, France Tr. Ill: 2; B. F. S. P. 102: 422; 
Martens 90: 105; Japan Tr. 1918: 213; Enghsh, 
MacMurrayl: 798. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Adhesion of French colonies to 
convention of 19 Aug., 1911. 
French, Japan Tr. 1918: 234. 

Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 235. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco 
and application of Franco- Japanese treaties. 
French, Japan Tr. 1918: 237. 

Exchange of notes. Donation of treaty of 1911 

French, State Department dispatch No. 794, Tokyo, 
30 Mar., 1921. 


515. 
519' 




Article. Additional to treaty of 1852 


519 


Luxemburg. . 


Declaration. Trade-marks 




Alexico. 


294 
295 


French, France Tr. Ill: 48; Martens 56: 490. 
Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French, France Tr. Ill: 61. 

Treatv. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Industrial propertv •. 

French, France Tr. Ill: 84; B. F. S. P. 92: 463. 

Convention . Customs administration 

Treatv. Relations between France and Monaco 

English: B. F. S. P. Ill: 727. 
Convention . Commerce and navigation 


520 




523 


Montenegro 


524 


Convention. Copyright T 






French, France Tr. Ill: 116. 




Muscat 


296 


French, B. F. S. P. 106: 1023; Martens 91: 332; 
Enghsh, A. J. I. L., Supp. 6: 207. 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce 


525 












297 


French, France Tr. Ill: 164; B. F. S. P. 41: 900. 






French, France Tr. Ill: 164. 

Agreement. Additional to convention of 1855 

French, France Tr. Ill: 168. 






French, France Tr. Ill: 169; B. F. S. P. 55: 383. 






French, France Tr. Ill: 171; B. F. S. P. 75: 343; 
French and Dutch, Martens 62: 615. 


} 526 






298 


299 

300 

310 

with300 

1 


Agreement. Relations in Tunis 




French, France Tr. Ill: 183; B. F. S. P. 89: 1154; 
Clercq 20: 630. 
Convention Commerce (Dutch colonies) 


526 




\greement. Customs (Dutch East Indies) 




Nicaragua 

Norway 


French, France Tr. Ill: 192; B. F. S. P. 103: 542. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 
French, France Tr. Ill: 196. 


527 


Treaty. Commerce.. 


528 






540 




Convention. Duration of treaties of 1881 


13 Jan., 1892 
5 May, 1897 

15 Dec, 1900 
11 Oct., 1901 


528 










French, France Tr. Ill: 147; Martens 80: 13; Clercq 
20: 630; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 69. 
Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 






French, France Tr. Ill: 147; B. F. S. P. 95: 1016; 
Martens 80: 633; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 
70. 


} 



44 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

FRANCE— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Norway (contd.) 



Panama «. 
Paraguay.. 

Persia 

Peru 



Portugal. 



Rumania - 



Russia «. 



Salvador . 



Serb-Croat-Slo- 
vene State. *■' 
Siam 



Spain. 



Description. 



246 
301 
302 



303 



304 



305 



306 
307 



Exchange of note s. Certificates of origin 

French, France Tr. Ill: 148; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914: 71. 
Declaration . Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 818; Martens 93: 671. 
Agreement. Wine and spirits. 

French, .1. O. 18 June, 1921: 6958. 

Convention . Conunerce and navigation 

do 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Protocol. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 212; Spanish, Peru Act. 
Int. 1916; No. 22. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. Ill: 213: B. F. S. P. 88: 449; 
Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 42. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 225; B. F. S. P. 57: 124. 
Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. Ill: 235. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco 

French, France Tr. Ill: 254. 
Convention . Commerce 

French, D. G. 14 .Tune, 1920: 818. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. Ill: 255. 
Agreement. Certificates of origin 

French, France Tr. Ill: 257; B. F. S. P. 87: 510. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Copyright and industrial propertv , 

French, France Tr. Ill: 272; B. F. S. P. 101: 326. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 274; B. F. S. P. 65: 262. 
Convention . Succession to property 

French, France Tr. Ill: 280: B. F. S. P. 65: 269. 

Declaration . Relations in Tunis 

•French, France Tr. Ill: 288; B. F. S. P. 88: 742; 
Martens 73: 385; Clercq 20: 627. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, MacMurray II: 611. 
Convention. CopjTight 

French, France Tr. Ill: 294; B. F. S. P. 105: 617; 
Martens 94: 300. 
Declaration. Rejiunciation by Russia of capitulations 
m Morocco. 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 821; Martens 93: 324. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 304; B. F. S. P. 69: 580. 
Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. Ill: 313. 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Industrial propertv 

French, France Tr. Ill: 319; B. F. S. P. 100: 922. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. (Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French, France Tr. Ill: 354; B. F. S. P. 74: 718; 
Martens 62: 594. 

Treaty. Friendship 

French, France Tr. Ill: 3.56; B. F. S. P. 87: 187; 
Martens 70: 172; 752. 

Treaty. Interpreting treaty of 1893 

French, France Tr. Ill: 357; B. F. S. P. 97: 961: 
Martens 82: 130- 

Treaty. Jurisdiction and rights in Siam 

French. France Tr. Ill: 360; B. F. S. P. 100: 1028; 
Martens 87: 38; A. J. I. L. Supp. 1: 263. 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. II: 33; B. F. S. P. 52: 139. 

Declaration . Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. II: 134. 

Convention . Copyright 

French, France Tr. II: 143. 

Convention. Fisheries (Bidassoa River) 

French, France Tr. II: 160; B. F. S. P. 77: 1073. 



Signed. 



22 Jan., 1902 

22 Mar., 1902 

5 May, 1914 

23 Apr., 1921 

30 May, 1892 

21 July, 1892 

12 July, 1855 

7 Dec, 1878 



16 Oct., 1896 

11 July, 1866 
do 



17 Feb., 1911 
6 Apr., 1916 

8 June, 1920 

12 Apr., 1889 

11 Mar., 1895 

6 Mar., 1907 
do , 



1 Apr., 1874 
1 Apr., 1874 
14 Oct., 1896 

30 Nov., 1906 



Page. 



446 
529 

529 



530 



531 



29 Nov., 


1911 


28 Jan., 


1914 


5 June, 


1878 


9 June, 


1880 


9 Jan., 
24 Aug., 


1901 
1903 


5 Jan., 


1907 


15 Aug., 
23 May, 


1856 
1883 


3 Oct., 


1893 


13 Feb., 


1904 


23 Mar., 


1907 


7 Jan., 


1862 


.30 June 


1876 


16 June 


1880 


18 Feb., 


1886 



i33 



534 
537 



<3 Concluded with Colombia. 



« See p. 757, note 195. 



^■^ See p. 771, note 197 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
FRANCE— Continued . 



45 



Treaties'wlth— No. 



Spain (contd.)- 



308 



Description. 



Sweden 



with308 



309 
310 
with309 
and 310 



with 309 



Switzerland. 



Convention. Smuggling (Bidassoa River) 

French. France Tr. 11: 169; B. F. S. P. 82: 1015. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce'^ 

Declaration . Modifjing convention of 1886 

French, France Tr. II: 174; Martens 92: 421. 

Agreement. Smuggling 

French, France Tr. II: 175. 

Declaration . Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. II: 177; Clercq 20: 628. 
Convention. Overland importation of vehicles and 
horses. 
French, France Tr. II- 189: Clercq 22: 287; French 
and Spanish, Descamps et Renault, 1903: 433. 

Declaration. Integrity of Morocco 

French, France Tr. II: 197; Spanish, Martens 82: 
57; French and Spanish, Descamps et Renault, 
1904: 858; EngUsh, A. J. I. L. Supp. 6: 30. 

Convention. Morocco , 

French, France Tr. II: 198; Martens 90: 666. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

French, France Tr. II: 203; Spanish, Martens 91: 
292. 

Declaration. Modifying convention of 1866 

French, France Tr. II: 161, 163, 165 (note). 

Convention. Relations m Morocco 

French, France Tr. II: 219; B. F. S. P. 106: 1025; 
Martens 92: 323. 
Declaration. Renunciation by Spain of capitulations 
in French zone of Morocco. 
French, France Tr. II: 238. 
Declaration. Renunciation by France of capitulations 
in Spanish zone of Morocco. 
French, France Tr. II: 238. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Navigation 

Convention. Duration of treaties of 1881 



Signed. 



10 May, 1890 

30 Dec, 1893 
4 Oct.. 1894 

27 Oct., 1894 

12 .Jan., 1897 

13 June, 1903 



3 Oct., 1904 



Page. 



538 



do 

29 Nov., 1905 

6 Apr., 1908 
27 Nov., 1912 

7 Mar., 1914 
17 Nov., 1914 



30 Dec, 1881 

do 

13 Jan., 1892 



538 



Tunis. 



Turkey. 



Declaration. Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. Ill: 374; Sweden Tr. 1910: 746; I 
Martens 80: 13; Clercq 20: 630. i 

Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin | 

French, France Tr. Ill: 374; Sweden Tr. 1910: 748; i 
B. F. S. P. 95: 1016; Martens 80: 633. i 

Agreement. Copyright 

French, France Tr. Ill: 372; Sweden Tr. 1910: 742; 
Martens 62: 599. 

Agreement. Commerce 

Declaration . Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco . 
French, France Tr. Ill: 377. 

! Convention. Trade-marks in China 

French, France Tr. Ill: 378. 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French, France Tr. Ill: 415. 
Convention. Customs regime between Geneva and 
Upper Savoie. 
French, France Tr. Ill: 419. 

Convention. Commerce and estabUshment 

French, France Tr. Ill: 428; B. F. S. P. 73: 395; 
Martens 59: 59. 

Declaration. Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. Ill: 484; B. F. S. P. 88: 743; 
Martens 73: 388; Clercq 20: 626. 

Declaration. Additional to agreement of 1877 

French, France Tr. Ill: 484. 

Convention. Commerce 

Arrangement . Frontier pasturage 

French, France Tr. Ill: 543; B. F. S. P. 107: 822. 

Agreement. Relations in Morocco 

German, Bundesbl. 28 Apr. 1920: 290. 

Agreement. Aerial navigation 

: French, J. O. 21 Mar. 1920: 4551; English and French 
{ L. N. T. S.l: 29. 

Treaty. Regulating mutual relations 

i French, France Tr. Ill: 575; B. F. S. P. 74: 743; 

I Martens 59: 697; Clercq 14: 244. 

I 312 j Capitulations 

!with312 Treaty. Peace 

lwith312l Convention. Additional to capitulations 



May, 1897 



539 
540 
539 



"Sll 



ri5 Dec, 1900 i) 
[11 Oct., 1901 |J 



15 Feb., 1884 

2 Dec, 1908 
4 June, 1914 

31 Jan., 1916 

10 Aug., 1877 

14 June, 1881 

23 Feb., 1882 

14 Oct., 1896 j. 



540 



rSO July, 1897 i\ 

[18 Aug., 1897 i/ 

20 Oct., 1906 i 542 
23 Oct., 1912 



11 June, 1914 
9 Dec, 1919 

8 June, 1883 



28 May, 1740 
25 June, 1802 
25 Nov., 1838 



544 
544 
544 



Terminated. See Appendix. 



46 



HANDBOOK OF COMMEECIAL TREATIES. 

FRANCE— Continued . 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed' 


Page. 


Turkev (contd,) 




Protocol. Property rights of French in Turkey 

French, France Tr. Ill: 602; B. F. S. P. 59: 389; 
Clercq 10: 76. 

Notes. French importations into Turkey 


9 June, 1868 

fl7 Jan., 1890 
30 Jan., 1890 
121 Mar., 1890 
ll4Apr., 1890 
25 Apr., 1907 

9 Mar., 1921 

3 May, 1879 

19 Feb., 1902 
17 Nov., 1844 












French, France Tr. Ill: 605. 
Protocol. Turkish customs duties 






French, B. F. S. P. 100: 575; Martens 86: 790; Herts- 
let 25: 1178. 
Agreement. Political, military, and economic . . . 




United States . 


French, L'Europe Nouvelle, 26 Mar, 1921: 407. 
See America, United States of. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 












313 

296 


French, France Tr. Ill: 616. 
Convention. Commerce 


545 


Zanzibar <6 


Treaty. Friendship and commerce 


525 









GERMANY. 47 





314 


22 
56 
65 


Treaty of peace 


28 June, 1919 

5 ilay, 1921 

10 Sept., 1785 

11 July, 1799 

20 Dec, 1827 

IMay, 1828 
9 Dec, 1847 

11 Dec, 1871 

15 Jan., 1892 

r28 Sept,, 1901 
\ 8 Oct., 1901 

6 Dec, 1905 

23 Feb., 1909- 

25 Aug., 1921 

19 Sept., 1857 

1 Sept., 1920 

1 Sept., 1920 

30 Sept., 1882 

6 Dec, 1891 

do 


546 


ciated Powers. 


Protocol. Modifying Annex II to Part VIII of the 
treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919. 

English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 12, Cmd. 1349. 




States of. 


English, U. S. Tr. II: 1177. 
Treatv. Amity and commerce (Prussia) 






English, U. S. Tr. II: 1486; Enghsh and French, 
B. F. S. P. 15: 882; 886. 

Convention. Commerce (Hanseatic Republics) 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 901; German, Hdv. 1906: 1292; 
French and EngUsh, Martens 15 (pt. 1): 362. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Pru'^sia) 






English, U. S. Tr. II: 1496. 
Treaty. Commerce (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 






English, U. S. Tr. I: 1074; German, Hdv. 1906: 
1277; Martens 39- 643. 






English, U. S. Tr. I: 550; German, Reichsgbl. 1872: 
95. 






EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 557; B. F. S. P. 84: 1186; 
EngUsh and German, Martens 67: 934. 
Agreement. Trade-marks in Morocco . 


} 




English, U. S. Tr. I: 559. 




English, U. S. Tr. I: 560; MacMurray I: 544. 






EngUsh, U. S. Tr. I: 578; B. F. S. P. 102: 443; 
A. J. I. L., Supp. 3: 278. 
Treatv of peace 


127 


Argentina 

Austria 


Treaty. Commerce and na\igation (Customs union). . . 
Agreement Commerce 


167 
183 




Convention. Finance 




Austria-Hungary 


German, Reichsanzeiger, 13 Sept., 1920, No. 206. 




German, Martens 59: 501. 
Convention Commerce and customs . . 






German, Hdv. 1906: 568. 
Convention Patents , . 






German, Martens 67: 930; Neumann, N. S. 15: 285. 
Convention. Copyright 


30 Dec, 1899 

25 Jan.. 1905 
do 






English, B. F.' S. P. 92: 348; German, Martens 80: 
290; Neumann, N. S. 19: 263. 
Agreement. Additional to treaty of 1891 






German, Hdv. 1906: 568. 






German, Martens 85: 528; Neumann, N. S. 21: 190; 

French and German, Descamps et Renault, 1905: 

744. 
Declaration. Additional to agreement of 25 Jan., 1905.. 
French and German, Descamps et Renault 1905: 

744. 


28 Feb., 1905 





4« Concluded with Muscat. 



« See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
GERMANY ^'—Continued. 



47 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


A u s t r i a - H u n- 




Convention . Industrial property 


17 Nov., 1908 

8 July, 1837 

/ 2 Feb., 1857 
\ 9 Feb., 1857 
28 Mar., 1863 

11 May, 1863 

do 




gary— Contd. 


German, Martens 89: 632; EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 
666. 
Declaration . Navigation (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 

French. Belgium Tr. 1900: 249. 
Declaration . Navigation (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 

French: Belgium Tr. 1900: 2.50. 
Treaty. Navigation (Prussia) 


■ 






} 




French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 327. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Bremen) 




• 


French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 64. 








French. Belgium Tr. 1900: 2.33. 
Treaty. Commerce (Oldenburg) 


23 June. 1863 

24 June, 1863 

26 Nov., 1873 
10 Sept., 1875 
12 Dec, 1883 

8 Nov., 1884 

6 Dec, 1891 

7 Apr., 1900 

22 June, 1904 

16 Oct., 1907 

10 June, 1908 

27 June, 1911 

22.1ulv, 1908 

1 Aug., 1905 

31 Oct., 1908 

29 Sept., 1911 

29 Sept., 1911 

30 Sept., 1912 

ll9 Feb., 1920 
f 19 Aug., 1920 

1 Feb., 1862 
14 July. 1869 

2 Sept., 1861 

31 Mar., 1880 
6 Mar., 1898 

17 Apr., 1899 

17 Apr., 1904 
1 Dec, 1905 

20 May, 1921 

23 July, 1892 
29 June, 1920 

do 






French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 280. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Hamburg) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 178. 
Convention . Joint-stock companies 






French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 20. 
Declaration Trade-marks 






101 


withlOl 

129 
211 

with211 
222 


French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 21. 
Convention. Industrial property 






French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 23. 
Convention Commerce, etc. (Congo). 






English, B. F. S. P. 75: 354; Hdv. 1906: 377. 
Treaty. Commerce and customs 


239 




Agreement. Frontier traffic 






French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 549; B. F. S. P. 92: 788: 
French and German, Martens 79: 503. 
Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1891 


2.39 




Convention . Copyright 






French, B. F. S. P. 100: 709: French and German, 
Martens 86: 901. 






French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 547. 




Bolivia <7 . 


French and German, Martens 83: 299. 


275 


Bulgaria 


T'reaty. Commerce, customs and navigation . 


398 


Declaration . Execution of treaty of 1905 






French, B. F. S. P. 102: 912; German, Hdv. 1915: 5. 
Notes. Duration of treaty of 1905 


398 




Convention. Consular 






EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 107: 635; German, Hdv. 1915 : 7. 
Notes. Commercial travelers' samples . . 




Chile 


French, B. F. S. P. 107: 654; German. Hdv. 1915: 7. 

Exchange of notes. Most-favored-nation treatment 

■ State Department dispatch No. 972, Berlin, 20 Apr., 
1921. 
Treaty, Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Cus- 
toms union). 
Act. Application of treaty of 1862 to Mecklenburg- 
Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Lauenburg, and 
Liibeck. 
EngHsh, B. F. S P. 82: 683; Spanish, Chile Tr. 2: 48. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Cus- 
toms union). 
German, Hdv. 1906: 84. 
Convention . Commerce and navigation 


} 

414 


China *' 






1 

231 
247 






English, B. F. S. P. 71: 157; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
349; German, Hdv. 1915: 106. 
Treaty. Lease of Kiaochow 






English, B. F. S. P. 95: 1005; Rockhill: 45; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 350; German, Martens 80: 326; 
Hdv. 1915: 148. 
Agreement. Tsingtau customs 






English, B. F. S. P. 98: 1049; Rockhill: 32; Mac- 
Murray I: 189. 
Agreement . Inland navigation 






English, MacMurray I: 191; B. F. S. P. 98: 1063. 
Agreement. Amending agreement of 17 Apr., 1899 

English, MacMurray I: 192; B. F. S. P. 99: 955; 
Rockhill: 46. 
Agreement. Conunerce 


425 


Colombia 




446 


Czechoslovakia. 


Agreement. Trade 








German, Reichsgbl 1920: 2240. 
Agreement. Application of article 297 of treaty of Ver- 
sailles. 
German, Reichsgbl. 1920: 2279. 





*' See p. 546, note 128. 



48 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GERMANY *'— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



Danzig... 
Denmark . 



No. 



261 



with261 



Ecuador. 
Egypt".. 

EthioDia 

sinia). 

France". 



(Abys- j 



279 
204 
;with204 

284 



Description. 



Agreement. Trade 

State Department dispatch No. 972, Berlin, 20 Apr., 
1921. 
Treaty. Commerce (Prussia) 

Declaration , Treatment of vessels CBremen) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 188; Martens 24: 72. 
Agreement. Commerce (Llibeck) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 185. 
Declaration . Harbor dues (Liibeck) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 186. 
Declaration. Commerce and navigation (Oldenburg) . . 

German, Hdv. 1906: 183; Martens 31: 29; French, 
B. F. S. P. 29: 231. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Mecklenburg- 
Schwerin). 

German, Hdv. 1906: 180. 

Convention. Renewal of treaty of 1818 (Prussia) 

Agreement. Exemption from harbor dues for wrecked 
vessels (Hamburg). 

German, Hdv. 1908: 191. 
Agreement. Exemption from harbor dues for wrecked 
vessels (Bremen). 

German, Hdv. 1906: 190. 
Convention. Sound and belt dues (Prussia) 

German. Hdv. 1906: 179; French, Martens 45 (pt. 
2): 362. 
Agreement. Execution of article 6 of general conven- 
tion of 14 Mar. 1857 (Bremen). 

German, Hdv. 1906: 190. 
Declaration. Coasting trade (North German union) ... 

German, Hdv. 1906: 160. 

Treaty of friendship 

Convention . Commerce 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1892 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 



Signed. 



12 Feb., 1920 



17 June, 
5 Nov., 

8 July, 

14 Oct., 

31 Mar., 



1818 
1835 

1840 

1840 

1841 



Page. 



475 



25 Nov., 1845 



26 May, 
11 Sept. 



1846 

1854 



13 Nov., 1854 



475 



25 Apr., 1857 j. 



25 Jan., 1858 



ri7 Feb., 
[23 Feb., 
28 Mar., 
19 July, 
17 Mai-., 
7 Mar., 



1868 
1868 
1887 
1892 
1910 , 
1905 ' 



Treaty. Commerce (Customs union) 

French, France Tr. I: 201; B. F. S. P. 55: 298; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 199. 

Treaty. Navigation (Customs union) 

French, France Tr. I: 202; German, Hdv. 1906: 200. 

Protocol to treaties of 1862 (Customs union) 

French, France Tr. 1: 215; B. F. S. P. 57: 490. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Hanseatic Re- 
publics). 

French, France Tr. I: 226; B. F. S. P. 55: 352; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 211. 
Treaty. Commerce and Navigation (Mecklenburg- 
Schwerin). 
French, France Tr. I: 189; B. F. S. P. 55: 367; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 207. 
Accession to treaty of 9 June, 1865, signed by ^Mecklen- 
burg-Schwerin (Mecklenburg-Strelitz). 
French, France Tr. I: 189 (note). 

Treaty of peace 

French, France Tr. I: 4; Clercq. 10: 472; B. F. S. P. 
62: 77; Martens 69: 688; German, Hdv. 1908: 192. 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 10 May, 1871 *» ; 

French, France Tr. 1: 9; B. F. S. P 62:' 88; French 
and German, Martens 70: 786. 
Declaration. Interpretive of article 2 of convention of 
12 Oct. 1871 (trade-marks). 
French, France Tr. I: 32; B. F. S. P. 63: 1016. 

Protocol. Possessions in West Africa, etc 

French, France Tr. I: 64; B. F. S. P. 76: 303; Clercq. I 
15: 927; French and German, Martens 61: 497; ; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 216. ; 

Exchange of notes. Relations in Madagascar and 
Zanzibar. 
French, France Tr. I: 69; B. F. S. P. 82: 1085; 
Clercq 18: 681; German, Hdv. 1906: 218. 

Declaration. Relations m Tunis 

French, France Tr. I: 78; B. F. S. P. 88: 743: Clercq. 
20: 627; French and German, Martens 73: 402; 
German, Hdv. 1906: 1157. i 

Convention. Commercial travelers ! 

French, France Tr. I: 84: B. F. S. P. 95: 774; French] 
and German, Martens 81: 382; German, Hdv. 
1906: 195. \ 

Convention. Copyright i 

French, France Tr. I: 91: B, F. S. P. 101: 314; 
French and German, Martens 86: 774. ' 



2 Aug., 1862 



.do. 



14 Dec, 
4 Mar., 



1864 
1865 



9 June, 1865 



24 Aug., 
19 Sept. 

10 May, 

12 Oct., 

8 Oct., 

24 Dec, 



1865 
1865 

1871 
1871 
1873 

1885 



17 Nov., 1890 



18 Nov. 



2 July, 
8 Apr., 



1902 



1907 



501 
375 
375 

507 



" See p. 546, note 128. 



i« In force, J. O., 25 Mar., 1921: 767. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

GERMANY*'— Continued . 



49 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


France <7 (contd.) 




Exchange of notes. Extending convention of 1907 to 
colonies. 
French, France Tr. I: 91 (note). 
Declaration. Integrity of Morocco. . . 


1 

13 Dec, 1908 !\ 

14 Dec, 1908 / 

9 Feb., 1909 




French, France fr. T: 101; B. F. S. P. 102: 435: 
Martens 87: 30. 
Agreement. Sanitan'^ 






French, France 'Tr. I: io8; French and German, 
Martens 93: 316. 
Convention. Concerning Morocco 


6 Oct., 1911 !\ 
15 Nov., 1911 If 

4 Nov., 1911 




French, France Tr.I: 111; B. F. S. P. 104: 918; Ger- 
man, xMartens90: 643; English, A. J. I. L. Supp. 
6: 113. 
Convention. Possessions m equatorial \frica 


.do.... 




French, France Tr. I: 118; B. F. S. P. 104: 956; 
French and German, Martens 90: 651; Enghsh, 
A. J. 1. L. Supp. 6: 115; German, Hdv. 1915: 8. 
Exchange of notes. Aerial navigation 


j 

26 .Tuly 1913 ■ 




French, France Tr. i: 154; EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 
107: 778; German, Martens 92: 643. 


13 Jan., 1914 | 


Great Britain ".. 


French, France Tr. I: 1.57; B. F. S. P. 107: 783; 
German, Hdv. 1915: 242. 
Declaration. Commercialtravelers' samples (Customs 


■1 
1 Apr., 1869 ] 

1 
! 
27 Mar., 1874 j 







union). 
English, Hdb. 1912: 435; English and German, B. 
F. S. P. 59: 7. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies 




English Hdb. 1912: 436; English and German, B. 
F. S. P. 65: 52; Martens 50: 239. 

Arrangement. Protectorates in Africa 


fl6 May, 1885 
2 June, 1885 
10 June, 1885 
16 June, 1885 
10 Apr., 1886 

/ 5 May, 1893 
\19May, 1893 
16 Oct., 1900 

\23 Mar., 1906 
[26 Mar., 1906 

/25Feb., 1907 

\15 Mar., 1907 

10 Mar., 1908 

25 Mar., 1913 
31 Dec, 1920 

26 Nov., 1881 

9Julv, 1884 
,/ 1 June, 1894 
\ 5 June, 1894 

1 Dec, 1910 

; 24 Feb., 1911 

29 July, 1908 
1 12 Dec, 1887 
! 1 June, 1920 

21 Dec, 1868 

1 17 Feb., 1872 
j 8 Aug., 1873 




' 




English, Hdb. 1912: 437. 

Declaration . Trade and commerce (West Pacific) 

English, Hdb 1912: 441. 
Agreement Modifying agreement of 1885 


} 




English, Hdb. 1912: 443. 
Agreement Relative to China .... 




English, G.B. T. S. 1901, No. l,Cd.4:32; Bockhill: 
62; Hertslet's China Tr. 1: 591; MacMurray 1:263. 






English, Hdb. 1912: 444; B. F. S. P. 99: 926; Hert- 
slet's China Tr. I: 616; MacMurray 1: 574. 
Exchange of notes. Consular jtirisdiction (Zanzibar) . . 

English, Martens 93: 240; B. F. S. P. 101: 234. 
Agreement. Supplementary to declaration of 1869 
(Commercial travelers ' samples ) . 
English. Hdb. 1912: 445; English and German, Mar- 
tens 86: 927; B. F. S. P. 101: 190. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies 


} 




Greece" 


English, G. B. T. S. 1913: No. 5,Cd.6681. 
Agreement. Art. 297 of treaty of Versailles (Property, 
rights, and interests). 
English and German, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. l,Cmd. 

nil. 

Convention. Consular 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 328. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks 







315 

316 
317 

31 r 


554 
\ 
/ 



556 


Haiti <7 


French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 368. 

Convention. Property « 

French, B. F. S. P. 103: 545; German and French, 
Martens 92: 814; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 
1912: 392. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers 'samples 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 637; German and French, 
Martens 92: 870; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 
1912: 372. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce, etc 


Honduras « 

Hungary 


556 
559 


Italy".. 


Agreement. Consular (North German Union) 








German, Martens 48: 8. 
Convention. Consular, extension to German Empire 
of agreement of 1868. 

German, Martens 48: 19. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

German, Hdv. 1906: 292. 





" See p. 546, note 128. 

« In force, J. O. 25 Mar. 1921 : 767. 

« In force, Reichsgbl., 14 Feb. 1921: 149. 



m 



HA]!^DBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GERMANY ^"—Continued. 



Treaties wJth- 



Italy 4 (contd.; 



Japan ■ 



^Latvia. 



(Liberia •IT 

ILuxemburg. 
Mexico 



Montenegro . 
Morocco *7... 



Netherlands. 



Nicaragua < 



Norway. 



No. 



Description. 



319 



with319 



320 
321 



322 



323 



324 



325 



Agreement. Additionalto agreements of 1868/1872 

German and Italian, Martens 67: 623. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Interpreting Article VII of treaty 
ofl891. 

French, B. F. S. P. 83: 259; Italy Tr. 1911, 1:481 
German and Italian, Martens 67: 712. 
Convention. Patents, trade-marks, etc 

English, B. F. S. P. 84: 953; German and Italian, 
Martens 67: 937; Italian, Italy Tr. 13: 110. . 
Convention. Modifying convention of 1892 (Patents).. . 

German and Italian, Martens 81: 352; Italian, Italy 
Tr. 16: 345. 

Agreement. Additionalto treaty of 1891 

Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinalproducts. 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 420; Martens 89: 186; Italy 
Tr. 1911, 1: 482; German, Hdv. 1915: 23. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Customs 

Exchange of notes. Consular relations 

English, B. F. S. P. 107: 861; German, Martens 93: 
632. 
Agreement. Resumption of relations 

English Bd. Tr. 3., 9 Sept., 1920: 312; L. T. N. 
S. 2:91. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (North German 

union) . 
Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

German, Hdv. 1915: 46; Martens 92: 512. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

English, B. F. S. P. 90: 335. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce 

German, Hdv. 1906: 479; Martens 67: 592; English, 
B. F. S. P. 82: 968. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Customs union). . . 
Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies and Prussia) . . . 

French, Lagemans 4: 279. 
Declaration. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 6: 360. 
Convention . Importation of medicinal products 

French, Alartens 51: 227. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

Dutch and German, Martens 58: 131. 
Agreement. Frontier traffic 

German, B. F. S. P. 94: 593; Martens 79: 573. 
Treaty. Joint-stock companies 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 340; German, Hdv. 1915: 74; 
Martens 86: 729. 
Convention. Spirituous liquors 

German and Dutch, Martens 92: 307. 
Exchange of notes . Commercial travelers' samples 

German and French, Martens 94: 902; French, B. F. 
S. P. 106: 1054. 
Convention. Commerce 

German, Staatsbl. 1920, No. 681. 
Convention. Commercial and consular 

German, Hdv. 1906: 492; Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. 
Int. 1913: 27. 
Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1896 

Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913: 45. 
Exchange of notes. Duration of treaty of 1896 

Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913: 46. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Prussia) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 535; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 263. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Bremen) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 550; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 254. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Hamburg) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 553. 
Declaration. Commerce and navigation (Oldenburg) . . 

German, Hdv. 1906: 542. 
Treaty. Commerce (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 539. 



Signed. Page 



4 May, 1891 

6 Dec, 1891 
....do 



18 Jan., 1892 



4 June, 1902 



3 Dec, 1904 

30 Dec, 1907 
'31 Dec, 1907 

24 June, 1911 

do 

7 July, 1911 



15 July, 1920 

31 Oct., 1867 
31 Oct., 1911 

5 Dec, 1882 

16 Aug., 1898 

18 June, 1907 
1 June, 1890 

31 Dec, 1851 
16 June, 1856 

11 Jan., 1872 

11 Dec, 1873 

28 Dec, 1881 

5 June, 1901 
11 Feb., 1907 

6 June, 1910 
9 Nov., 1912 

11 May, 1920 
4 Feb., 1896 

7 Apr., 1897 

fl9 Feb., 1906 
[20 Feb., 1906 
14 Mar., 1827 

IMay, 1841 



....do 

1 Apr., 1843 
10 Oct., 1846 



561 



561 



564 
567 



568 



569 



572 



■*^ See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
GERMANY ^'—Continued . 



51 




Norway (contd.)- 



Paraguay 
Persia...'. 
Peru^'.... 



326 
327 



Portugal *'.. 
Rumania ^L 

Russia ■■0 



328 

with 329 

329 
with 329 



j 330 
!with330 



Salvador. 



331 



Serb -Croat -Slo- 
vene State.51 



Siam47_ 
Spain.. 



332 



with 322 
333 



334 



Sweden-'. 



Switzerland. 



335 



with335 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Liibeck) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 546: Norwegian, Norwav Tr. 
1914: 257. 
Declaration. Coasting trade (Mecklenburg-Schwerin) . . 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 261. 
Exchange of notes. Coasting trade (Liibeck) 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 260. 
Declaration. Coasting trade (Prussia) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 538; Norwegian, Norwav Tr. 
1914: 263. 
Declaration. Coasting trade (Oldenburg) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 545; Norwegian, Norwav Tr. 
1914: 262. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 251. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 89: 1119. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commercial companies 

Treaty. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1893 

Declaration. Trade-marks ! 

French, Martens 51: 602. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 51: 233. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1894 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 789; English, MacMurrav I: 
614. 
Agreement. German import duties on Russian sugar. . . 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 928; French and German, 
Martens 86: 884. 
Convention. Copyright 

French and German, Martens 94:458. . 

Agreement. Trade 

Treaty. Commerce 

English, B. F. S. P. 101:940. 
Convention. Consular 

German, Martens 59:445. 
Convention. Industrial models 

German, Martens 62:282. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs 

Convention. Trade-marks 

German, Martens 69: 905. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1892 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Cus- 
toms union). 
Agreement. Consular (North German union) 

French, B. F. S. P. 60: "181. 
Convention. Consular (Extension to German Empire of 
agreement of 1870). 

EngHsh, B. F. S. P. 62: 172. 
Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Declarations. Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 392. 
Exchange of notes. Customs duties on oak and spruce 
bark. 

German, Martens 92: 433; Sweden Tr. 1913: 25. 
Agreement. Joint-stock companies 

German, Hdv. 1908: 966. 
Agreement. Copyright 

German, Martens 56: 741. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs 

Agreement. Patents and trade-marks 

German, Martens 71: 68; 514. 
Agreement. Biisingen 

German, Hdv. 1906: 969. 
Treaty. Frontier customs 

German, Martens 73: 421. 
Convention. Modifying agreement of 1892 

German, Martens 81: 348. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1891 

Agreement. Establishment 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 439; Martens 90: 608. 



14 Sept., 1852 



fl5 Oct., 
[15 Nov., 
ri3 Oct., 
[21 Oct., 
18 Feb., 



1855 
1855 
1856 
1856 
1859 



12 Apr., 
23 Apr., 

19 June, 
1.24 June, 
21 July, 
11 June, 
28 June, 

30 Nov., 
ri5 Cot., 
(.16 Cot., 
21 Oct., 
8 Oct., 
23 July, 



1859 
1859 

1872 i\ 
1872 I 
1887 
1873 
1897 



} 



1908 



1904 
1873 



8 Dec, 1874 



10 Feb., 

28 Julv, 

1 Feb., 



1894 
1904 
1907 



20 Jan., 1908 



28 Feb., 1913 



1921 
1908 



6 May, 
14 Apr., 

6 Jan., 

3 July, 

21 Aug., 
do.. 



1883 



1892 



I 29 Nov., 
I 7 Feb., 

I 22 Feb., 

i 

' 12 Jan., 



1904 
1862 



1870 
1872 



12 Feb., 1899 



19 Jime, 
\24 June, 

/ 2 Mar., 
\31 Mar., 

13 May, 

23 May, 

10 Dec., 
13 Apr., 

21 Sept., 

5 Dec., 

26 May, 

12 Nov., 

13 Nov., 



1872 
1872 



1911 
1911 



1869 
1881 



1891 
1892 



1895 



1902 
1904 



573 
574 



576 

580 

580 
580 



583 
583 



587 



590 



590 
593 



595 



595 



595 



*• See p. 546, note 128. 

50 See p. 757, note 195. 

51 Seep. 771 note 197. 

»2 Treaty of conunerce of 2 May, 1911, between Germany and Sweden denounced by Sweden, terminated 
16 Mar., 1921. (L. N. T. S. 2: 263.) 

54083—22 5 



52 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GERMANY 4^— Continued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Switzerland(con.) 


336 


Convention. Regulation of legal status of nationals. . . 
Agreement. Aerial navigation 


31 Oct., 1910 
14 Sept., 1920 

22 Mar., 1761 

26 Aug., 1890 
25 Apr., 1907 

do 


597 


Turkey 


German, E. G., 21 Jan., 1921: 25. 
Treaty of friendship (Prussia) 








German, Hdv. 1906: 1171; Italian (authentic) and 
French, Martens 1: 1. 

Treaty. ComTnerce, friendship and navigation 

German, Hdv. 1906: 1158. 






French, B. F. S. P. 100: 575; Martens 86: 790; Hertslet 
25: 1178. 
Convention. Additional to treaty of 1890 




United States 


German, Hdv. 1915: 223. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French and German Martens 93: 849. 
Exchange of notes. Duration of treaty of 1890 and con- 
vention of 1907. 
French and German Martens 93: 904; German, Hdv. 
1915: 225. 
See America, United States of. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Han- 
seatic League). 
EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 50: 118; Hdv. 1906:1298; 1915: 233. 


/lO Aug., 1911 
\15 Aug., 1911 

;i5 Nov., 1911 
t 2 May, 1914 

26 Jan., 1909 
13 June, 1859 


} 

} 


Venezuela 


337 


597 









GREAT BRITAIN, 



America, United 
States of. 



23 Convention. Commerce. 



24 



25 



26 



Convention. Fisheries, etc 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 631; Hdb. 1912: 984; German 
and French, Martens (transl.) 12: 5 70. 

Convention. Extending convention of 1815 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 645; Hdb. 1912: 987; Martens 
15: 476. 

Treaty of Washington , 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 737; Hdb. 1912: 993; Martens 
52: 527. 

Convention. Property , 

Convention. Samoan Islands 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. II: 1595; English and German, 
B. F. S. P. 91: 75; Martens 80: 683. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in Morocco 



EngUsh, U.S.Tr. I: 778; Hdb. 1912: 1004; B. F. S.P. 
95: 56. 

Treaty. Interoceanic canal, etc 

Convention. Supplementary to convention of 2 Mar., 
1899. 
English, U. S. Tr. I: 776; B. F. S. P. 95: 114; Mar- 
tens 70: 641; Pari. Papers, 1902 (Cd.l073), 130: 655. 

Convention. Import duties (Zanzibar) 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 784; Hdb. 1912: 1008; Martens 
81: 350; B. F. S. P. 95: 115; Hertslet 23: 1240. 

Treaty. Harbor dues (Zanzibar) 

EngUsh, U.S.Tr. I: 785; Hdb. 1912: 1010; Martens 
81: 561; B. F. S. P. 96: 90. 

Treaty. Exterritoriality (Zanzibar) 

EngUsh, U.S.Tr. I: 795;Martens 84: 510; B.F. S.P. 
98: 107. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

English, U.S.Tr. I: 800; Hdb. 1912: 1012; Martens 
88: 855; B.F. S.P. 98: 158; Hertslet'sChinaTr.I: 
604; MacMurrayl: 502. 

Agreement. Patents in Morocco 



EngUsh, U.S.Tr. I: 808; Hdb. 1912: 1014;B. F. S.P. 
100: 586; Hertslet 25: 936. 

Declarations. Commercial travelers' samples 



EngUsh, U.S.T.S. No. 552; Hdb. 1912: 1015; Mar- 
tens 92: 822; B. F. S. P. 103: 331. 
Agreement . North Atlantic fisheries 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. Ill: 66; Martens 91: 673; B.F. S. 
P. 105: 284; Pari. Papers 1912 (Cd. 6450), 122: 639; 
A.J. I. L., Supp.7: 14. 



3 July, 1815 129 
20 Oct., 1818 



Aug., 1827 



8 May, 1871 130 
24 Oct., 1877 



2 Mar., 1899 | 131 
2 Dec, 1899 



9 Oct., 1899 
6 Dec, 1899 



18 Nov., 1901 
13 Jan., 1902 



31 May, 1902 

5 June, 1903 

25 Feb., 1905 

28 June, 1905 



/ 4 Feb;, 1907 
\24 June, 1907 



Dec, 1910 
Dec, 1910 



20 July, 1912 



}.... 



See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
GREAT BRITAIN-CoDtinued. 



53 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Descriptioi 



Argentina. 



63 



Austria-Hungary^ 



Belgium. 



Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

! Treaty. Navigation of Parana and Uruguav 

English, Hdb. 1912: 7: English and Spanish, B. F. 
S. P. 42: 3; Hertslet 9: 191: Argentina Tr. 1: 58. 

Treaty of peace 

; Exchange of notes. Settlement of prewar debts 

i German, Bundesgbl. No. 478. 

Treaty. Navigation 

English, Hdb. 1912: English and German, B. F. S. 
P. 58: 11. 

73 i Treaty of commerce 

I Protocol. Interpretive of Article IV of treaty 011876.. 

EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 17: English, German, and Hun- 
garian, B. F. S. P. 67: 36. 

with 73 ( Declaration. Duration of treaty of 1876 

i Declaration . Commercial travelers' samples 

! EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 19; B. F. S. P. 78: 6; English 

i and German, Martens 63: .539. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in Morocco 



Signed. 



Page. 



2 Feb., 1825 
10 July, 1853 



10 Sept., 1919 



Ivor 



176 



/27 Aug., 1920 
\ 2 Oct., 1920 
30 Apr., 1868 



5 Dec, 1876 i 196 
....do t 



102 
with 102 



Bolivia. 

Borneo. 



Bulgarians. 



China. 



French, Hdb. 1912: 20; English and French, B. F. 
S. P. 95: 57. 

Exchange of notes. Consular jurisdiction in Zanzibar. 

English, Martens 93: 238; B. F. S. P. 101: 232. 

Convention. Joint-stock companies , 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 158. 

Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) 

English, Hdb. 1912: 227: English and French, B. F. 
S. P. 75: 29; French, Martens 60: 369. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (India)., 
with 102 Exchange of notes. Commerceandnavigation(Malta). 
with 102 Exchange of notes. Commerceand navigation (Cj'prus) 
with 102 Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (New- 
foundland). 
withl02i Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation (Ceylon 
I and Lagos). 

j Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, Hdb. 1912: 33; Hertslet 24: 248; MacMur- 
' ray I: 492; Enghsh and French, Hertslet's China 
Tr. I: 603. 

Agreement. Commercial travelers 

English, Hdb. 1912: 35; B.F.S.P.99: 188; Martens 
88: 989; Hertslet 24: 167. 

Exchange of notes. Patents in Morocco 

EngUsh; Hdb. 1912: 36; Hertslet 25: 929. 
Convention. Belgian traffic throughterritories of East 
Africa. 

EngUsh and French, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 11. Cmd. 
1327. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Prevention of false indications of origin. . 

EngUsh, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 9, Cmd. 1283. 
Treat V. Friendship and comm^erce 

English, Hdb. 1912: 45. 
Agreement. Consular 

English, Hdb. 1912: 49. 
Declaration. Wrecks 

English, Hdb. 1912: 49. 

Convention. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Protocol. Supplementarv to convention of 1905 

EngUsh, Hdb. 1912; 80. 
Agreement . Additional to convention of 1905 

English, Hdb. 1912: 81; English and French, Pari. 
Papers 1909 (Cd. 4557), 105: 277. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 

Declaration . Transit duties 

English, Hdb. 1912: 88; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 12. 
Convention. Entrance into Canton , etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 89; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 15; 

B. F. S. P. 34: 26. 
Agreement . Entrance into Canton , etc 

EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 91; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 17; 
B. F. S. P. 35: 6. 
Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce 



' 26 Nov., 1877 
15 Feb., 1887 



/13 Feb., 1900 
\16 Feb., 1900 



f 8 May, 1907 
LllMay, 1907 

13 Nov., 1862 

16 Dec, 1884 



27 July, 1898 , 241 

30 Aug., 1898 I 241 

5 Nov., 1898 I 241 
25 Nov., 1898 I 241 

6 Dec, 1898 241 



5 Jan., 1899 241 

ri5 Sept., 1904 \ 

^30 Sept., 1904 / 



130 



142 



210 
143 



10 Nov., 1906 



/20 June, 1907 
(22 June, 1907 

15 Mar., 1921 



1 Aug., 1911 
5 Apr., 1920 

27 May, 1847 

26 Nov., 1856 

17 Aug., 1878 

9 Dec, 1905 
13 Nov., 1908 

9 Feb., 1909 



27 Nov., 1919 
29 Aug., 1842 
26 June, 1843 

4 Apr., 1846 



6 Apr., 1847 
26 June, 1858 



277 



290 



391 

293 



294 



63 See p. 176, note 



See p. 187, note 20. 



M See p. 39, note 182. 



54 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GREAT BRITAIN— Contmued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 






8 Nov., 1858 

24 Oct., 1860 
13 Sept., 1876 

18 July, 1885 

24 July, 1886 

17 Mar., 1890 
31 Mar., 1890 

5 Dec, 1893 

1 Mar., 1894 

4 Feb., 1897 
f 9 Feb., 1898 
\11 Feb., 1898 

9 June, 1898 

IJuly, 1898 

5 Sept., 1902 

13 May, 1904 

27 Apr., 1906 

20 Apr., 1908 

8 May, 1911 

16 Feb., 1866 
20 Aug., 1912 

27 Nov., 1849 
5 Mar., 1898 

18 Aug., 1913 

10 Sept., 1919 
/13 Feb., 1660 
tl3 Feb., 1661 

11 .July, 1670 

14 Jan., 1814 

16 June, 1824 

28 Nov., 1879 

ril Nov., 1905 
til Dec, 1905 

9 May, 1912 

23 Dec, 1920 

f28 Sept., 1918 
\21 Jan., 1921 






with 144 

145 

with 145 

146 



147 
with 147 

148 

with 148 

257 
149 
150 

151 

with 149 
and 150 


English, Hdb. 1912: 108; Hertslet 11: 97; Hertslet's 
China Tr. I: 35; B. F. S. P. 48: 58. 
Convention . Peace and friendship. . ... . . . 


295 




Agreement. (Chefoo) Yunnan case, trade, etc 






English, Hdb. 1912; 120; Martens 62: 707; Hertslet's 
China Tr. I: 73: B. F. S. P. 71: 753. 

Article. Additional to agreement of 1876 (Opium) 

English, Hdb. 1912: 127; Martens 62: 713; Herts- 
let's China Tr. 1: 84; B. F. S. P. 76: 77. 






English, Hdb. 1912: 131: B. F. S. P. 77: 80; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 88; Martens 63: 516. 
Convention Sikkim and Tibet . 






English, Hdb. 1912: 133: B. F. P-. P. 82: 9; Hertslet's 

China Tr. I: 135: Martens 66: 888. 

Article. Additional to Agreement of 1876 (Chungking) . 

English, Hdb. 1912: 135: Hertslet's China Tr. I: 94; 

B. F. S. P. 82: 15. 

Regulations . Trade with Tibet. 






English, Hdb. 1912: 137; B. F. S. P. 85: 1235: 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 96; Martens 88: 37. 
Convention Execution of convention of 1886. 


295 






295 




Exchange of notes. Nonalienation of Yangtsze region. . 

English, B. F. S. P. 96: 572; Martens 82: 87; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 119; Rockhill: 174; MacMurray 
I: 104. 


} 




English, B. F. S. P. 90: 17; Martens 82: 89; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 120; Rockhill: 58; MacMurray 
I: 130. 






English, B. F. S. P. 90: 16; Martens 82: 90; Rock- 
hill: 60; MacMurray I: 152. 
Treaty. Commerce 

Convention . Employment of Chinese labor in British 
colonies and protectorates. 
English, B. F. S. P. 97: 20: Martens 82: 325; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 189; Rockhill: 77; MacMurray 
I: 478. 

Convention . Integritv of Tibet, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 199; B. F. S. P. 99: 171; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 202; Martens 85: 447; Mac- 
Murravl: 576 
Regulations. Trade in Tibet (signed also by Tibet) . . . 
English, B. F. S. P. 101: 170; Martens 88: 39: 
Hertslet 25: 1171; MacMurray*!: 582. 


297 



Colombia 

Costa Rica 


English, G. B. T. S. 1911, No. 13, Cd. 5660: Mac- 
Murray 11: 861; Martens 93: 488. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Application to certain British colonies of 

treaty of 1866. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


298 
300 

301 




English, Hdb. 1912: 239; B. F. S. P. 90; 18; Martens 
80: 178. 
Protocol. Application to certain British colcnies of 
treaty of 1849. 


302 
466 




Treaty. Peace and commerce 


\ 302 




do 


/ 

303 




Treaty Peace etc renewing old treaties 






English, Hdb., 1912: 270; French and English, B. 
F. S. P. 1: 234; French, Martens 50: 678. 


* 
304 




Declaration Trade-marks . . . 






English, Hdb., 1912: 278; English and Danish, Mar- 
tens 56 : 421. 

Exchange of Notes Trade-marks in China 


} 

303 




English, Hdb., 1912: 278; MacMurray I: 546. 
Declaration. Application to certain British colonies 
oftreaties of 1660-61 and 1670. 




English and Danish, L. N. T. S. 2: 249. 


} 

/ 




English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 4, Cmd. 1223. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
GREAT BRITAIN— Continued. 



55 



Treaties with— 



Denmark (contd.) 

Ecuador 

Egypt 



Esthonia. 



No. 



152 
with 152 



Ethiopia (Abys- 
sinia). 



France. 



Germany: '^e. 



153 



154 



155 



Description. 



156 



157 
158 
159 
160 
161 

162 



163 



with 154 



Agreement. Suppression of capitulations in Egypt... 

English, G. B. T. S., 1921, No. 15, Cmd. 1498. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

EnsUsh, Hdh., 1912: 281; B. F. S. P. 84: 75. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

.Agreement. Sudan 

Ens^hsh, B. F. S. P. 91: 19; Hertslet 21: 356. 
Agreement. Application to certain British colonies of 

treaties of 1889. 
Agreement. Commerce 

English, G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 19, Cmd. 1097 
Treatv. Trade, etc 



Exchange of notes. Im]Dort duties in Ethiopia 

English, Hdb., 1912: 301; B. F. S. P.'l02: 75; Mar- 
tens 90: 509. 
Convention. Establishment and com^merce in India . 
French, France IT. II: 260. 

Convention. Trade in salt and opium in India , 

English, Hdb., 11,!12: .3'i3; B. F. S. P. 2: 219; French, 
Martens' 10: 104. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Fisheries 

French, France Tr. II: 272. 

Convention. .Toint-stock companies 

Hdb., 1912: 312: French, France Tr. II: 



Signed. 



English 
289. 
Convention. 
Declaration. 



Commerce and iiavigation 28 Feb., 1882 

Wrecks -23 Oct., 1889 

English, Hdb , 1912- 320; French, France Tr. II: 
342. 
Declaration. Concerning Siam and the Upper Mekong..! 15 Jan., 1896 
English and French, B. F. S. P. 88: 13: Martens 73: 
226: French, France Tr. II: 361. 
Convention. Relations in Tunis 



14 July, 1921 
26 Aug., 1892 

29 Oct., 1889 

19 Jan., 1899 

16 Dec, 1907 

20 July, 1920 

14 May, 1897 
ri3Apr., 1909 
a2May, 1909 

31 Aug., 1787 
7 Mar., 1815 



26 Jan., 1826 
23 June, 1843 

30 Apr., 1862 



Exchange of notes. Trade-mark sin China. 



English, Hdb., 1912: 324; MacMurrav I: 171; Eng- 
lish and French, Hertslefs China Tr. I: 585. 

Agreement. Certificates of orii:in 

English, Hdb., 1912: 326; English and French, B. F. 
S. P. 91: 58; Martens 83: 231. 

Agreement. Commerce (Zanzibar) 

Convention. Commerce ( Jamaica ) 

Convention. Commerce (India) 

Convention. Commerce (Ceylon) 

Convention. Conimerce (East Africa, Central Africa, 
and Uganda Protectorates). 

De:'laration. Conimerce (Egypt and Morocco) 

Convention (Newfoundland, and West and Central 
Africa). 
En<^lish, B. F. S. P. 97: 31; Englislf and French, 
Martens 82: 29; French, France Tr. II: 421. 

Deolaration ( Siam, Madagascar, and New Hebrides) 

English. B. F. S. P. 97: 53: En<:lish and French, 
Martens 82: 37; French, France Tr. II: 428. 
Convention. Confirming protocol of 27 Feb., 1906 (New 
Hebrides). 
English, B. F. S. P. 99: 229; French, France Tr. II: 
455. 

Convention. Commerce ( Barbadoes) 

Agreement. Additional to convention of 1 882 

English, Hdb., 1912: 373; French, Martens 86; 905; 
France Tr. II: 503. 
Protocol. Application to certain British colonies of 
convention of 1826. 

Agreement. Commerce (Morocco and Egypt) 

EngUsh and French, G. B. T. S. 1916. No. 7, Cd. 
8403; French, France Tr. II: 554. 

Agreement . Concerning petroleum ( San Remo) 

English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 281. 
Declaration. Commercial travelers' samples (Customs 
union) . 
English, Hdb. 1912: 435; English and German, B. 
F. S. P. 59: 7. 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

English, Hdb. 1912: 436; EngUsh and German, B. 
F". S.T.65: 52. 



18 Sept., 1897 
f20Apr., 1898 
(29 Aug., 1898 



2 Oct., 1899 
13 Oct., 1899 
15 Nov., 1899 



27 June, 1901 

8 Aug., 1902 

19 Feb., 1903 

do 

23 Feb., 1903 



Page, 



305 



307 



307 



308 



309 



311 



SApr., 1904 

do , 

20 Oct., 1906 



9 Jan., 1907 
23 Oct., 1907 



6 July, 1912 
24 Aug., 1916 

24 Apr., 1920 
1 Apr., 1869 

27 Mar., 1874 



311 

312 
312 
313 
313 



309 



See p. 546, note 128. 



56 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GREAT BRITAIN— Continued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Germany 55 (con.) 


314 
1G4 

with 164 
with 164 


Arrangement. Protectorates in Africa 


fl6May, 1883 
1 2 June, 1885 
1 10 June, 1885 
1 16 June, 1885 
10 Apr ,1886 


1 


English, Hdb. 1912: 437. 

Declaration. Trade and commerce (V/est Pacific) 

English, Hdb. 1912: 4-11. 
Agreement . Modifying agreement of 1885 


t 




/ 5 May, 1893 

\19May, 1893 

16 Oct., 1900 

/23 Mar., 1908 
\26 Mar., 1906 

/25 Feb., 1907 

\15 Mar., 1907 

10 Mar., 1908 

25 Mar., 1913 

28 June, 1919 
31 Dec, 1920 

5 May, 1921 

10 Nov., 1886 
4 Aug., 1888 

28 Mar., 1890 

16 June, 1890 

27Jul3^, 1894 
f23 Nov., 1904 
\17May, 1905 

3 Apr., 1914 

4 Sept., 1920 
20 July, 1898 

5 May, 1910 
4 June, 1920 

26 Nov., 1867 

15 June, 1883 
10 Mar., 1884 

26 Nov., 1901 

/.SOJuly, 1903 
\ 7 Aug., 1903 

/18 Sept., 1904 
\20 Sept. ,1904 

/28May, 1906 
tl3July, 1906 
/ 9 July, 1907 
\10July, 1907 
/20Dec., 1907 
\23 Dec, 1907 
30 May, 1908 

15 June, 1914 

29 Aug., 1904 

3 Apr., 1911 


} 




English, Hdb. 1912: 443. 
Agreement. Relative to China 




English, G.B. T. S. 1901, No. 1, Cd. 432; Rockhill: 
62; Hertsiet's China Tr. I: 591; MacMurray I: 263. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 


} 




EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 444; B. F. S. P. 99: 926; 
Hprtslet'sChinaTr.. I: 816; MacMurray I: 574. 
Exchange of notes. Consular jurisdiction (Zanzibar). . 

EngUsh, Martens 93: 240; B. F. S. P. 101: 2;34. 
Agreement. Supplementary to declaration of 1869 
(Commercial travelers' samples). 
English, Hdb. 1912: 445; EngUsh and German, 
Martens 86: 927; B. F. S. P. 101: 190. 
Declaration. Joint-stock compame^ . . 




EngUsh, G. B. T. S. 1913; No. 5, Cd. 6881. 
Treaty of peace 


546 


Greece 


Agreement. Art. 297 of treaty of Versailles (Property, 
rights, and mterests). 
Enghshand German, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. l,Cmd.llll. 
Protocol. Modifying Annex II of Part VIII of treaty 
of peace of 28 June, 1919. 
English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 12, Cmd. 1349. 
Treaty. Commerce and iiavigation 


315 




Agreement. Joint stock companies . . 






English, B.F.S. P. 82: 11; Hdb. 1912: 458; English 
and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 578. 
Agreement. Commerce. 






English, Hdb. 1912: 459; EngUsh and Greek, 
Greece Tr. 1912: 567. 
Declaration. Correcting error in agreement of 1890 

EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 462. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 


315 




Declarations. Commerce 


} 315 




Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples. .. 


Guatemala 


English, G. B. T. S. 1914, No. 8, Cd. 7360. 
Agreement. Suppression of capitulations in Egypt 

EngUshandFrench,CT.B.T.S.1921, No. 5, Cmd. 1237. 
Convention. Trade-marks 




Honduras .... 


165 
355 


EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 469; B. F. S. P. 90: 30. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


317 


Htmgary 57 

Italy.. . 


Treaty of peace 


623 


Declaration. Joint-stock compames 






168 


with 166 


English, Hdb. 1912: 483. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


320 




Exchange of notes. Application to certain British 
colome^ of treaty of 1883. 
EngUsh and Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 512. 
Convention. Customs (x\nglo-Egyptian Sudan with 
Eritrea). 
EngUsh, B. F.S.P. 94: 581. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 


} 

} 

} 




English, Hdb. 1912: 493; Hertslet 24; 219; Hertsiet's 
China Tr. I: 599; MacMurray I: 409. 
Exchange of notes. Coasting trade 




English, Hdb. 1912: 494; B. F. S. P. 100: 542;Hertslet 
28: 698. 
Notes. Extension to colonies of treaty of 1883 




English and Italian, Italy Tr. I: 1911: 513. 
Exchange of notes. Importation of medical products . . 

English and Italian, Italy Tr. 1911: I: 515. 
Exchange of notes . Patents in Morocco 




French, Hdb. 1912: 495. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples . . 


Japan 


EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 496; Hertslet 25: 915; B. F. 
S. P. 101: 191; Martens 88: 269; English and 
ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 518. 
Convention. Extension to British India of treaty of 

1885. , 
Convention. Commerce (India) 


322 




167 


English, Hdb. 1912: 499; B. F. S. P. 97: 58; Martens 
83: 536; Hertslet 24: 704. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


323 



58 See p. 546, note 128. 



S7 See p. 623, note 152. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 



57 



GREAT BRITAIN— Continued 



Treaties with — 



Japan (contd.)- 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 



No. 



Description. 



with 16' 



with 168 



Mexico 


169 
170 


Montenegro 


Morocco 


171 




172 


Muscat . 


173 
with 173 




Netherlands 


174 




175 




with 175 




withl75 



Nicaragua. 
Norway. . . 



Paraguay. 



Persia. 

Peru.. 
Poland 



with 175 



176 



196 



with 196 



with 177 

178 
179 
with 179 
180 
424 



Agreement of alliance 

English, G. B. T. S. 1911, No. 18, Cd. .o73.i; Mac- 
Murray I: 900; Japan Tr. 1918: 268. 
Exchange of notes. Accession of British colonies to 
treaty of 3 Apr., 1911. 

Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin , 

English, G. B. T. S. 1912, No. 23, Cd. 6522; Japan 
Tr. 1918: 263; Martens 94: 894; Hertslet 27: 910. 
Exchange of notes. Adhesion of Canada to treaty of 
1911 



English, Japan Tr. 191S: 259. 
Declaration. An?^lo-Japanese agreement of 13 July, 
1911. 

English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 24. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Agreement . Modifying treaty of 184S 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

English, Hdb. 1912: .523; Hertslet 23: 1201; English 
and French, B. F. S. P. 95: 402; Martens 79: 497. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

General treaty 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Protocol. Duration of treaty of 1891 

Treaty. Commerce (East Indies) 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration . Additional to treaty of 1837 , 

Convention. Navigation, additional to treaty of 1837. . . 
Convention. Consular (Colonies) 

English, Hdb. 1912: 624; Enghsh and Dutch, 
B. F. S. P. 46: 226. 
Convention. Regulating mutual relations in Sumatra. 

English, Hdb. 1912: 630; English and Dutch, 
B.F. S. P.61; 19. 
Convention. Customs regulations (additional to 
treaty of 1837). 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 



English, Hdb. 1912: 633; MacMurray I: 490; English 
and French, B. F. S. P. 97: 672; Hertslet's China 
Tr. I: 602. 

Exchange of notes . Commercial travelers ' samples 

English, Hdb. 1912: 635; G. B. T. S. 1911, No. 5, 
Cd. 5519; English and French, Martens 92: 850; B. 
F. S. P. 104: 183; Hertslet 26: 786. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Regulation of turtle-fl shing industry 

English and Spanish, G. B. T. S. 1917, No. 8, Cd. 
8586. 

Declaration. Commerce 

French, Hdb. 1912: 647; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 219. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 



Exchange of notes. Coasting trade 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 227. 

Declaration . Commercial travelers 

French, Hdb. 1912: 931; B. F. S. P. 74: 85. 
Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 
English, Hdb. 1912: 649; B. F. S. P. 98: 833. 
Convention. Application to certain British, colonies 
of convention of 18 Mar., 1826. 

Agreement. Suppression of capitulations in Egypt 

English and French, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 10, Cmd. 
1285. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Agreement. Accession of certain British colonies to 
treaty of 1884. 
English, Hdb. 1912: 659. 
Declaration. Application to certain British colonies of 
treaty of 1884. 

Treaty. Peace, commerce, etc 

Convention. Commerce 

Agreement. Modifying convention of 1903 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Peace settlement 



Signed. 



Page. 



13 July, 1911 



ri7 July, 
[10 Sept. 
(26 Oct., 
i31 Oct., 



!■ 



7 Feb., 

1 Mar., 

5 Mar., 

July, 



1912 \\ 

1912 1/ ^^^^ 

1912 \ 

1912 jl 

! 

1913 b 
1913 }..... 
1913 I 
1920 ' 



21 Nov. 
23 July, 
25 Jan., 



27 Nov, 

11 Jan., 

9 Dec. 

do. 



1848 
1908 
1900 



1888 
1910 
1856 



19 Mar., 

20 Feb., 
17 Mar., 
27 Oct., 
22 Nov. 
27 Mar., 

6 Nov. 



1891 
1892 
1824 
1837 
1837 
1851 
1856 



2 Nov., 1871 



15 Aug., 

ri5 Aug., 

L 7 Sept., 



31 Dec. 
27 Jan. 



28 July, 
6 May, 



1904 
1904 



1910 
1911 



1905 
1916 



16 July, 1824 



18 Mar., 
/31 Mar., 
\ 4 Sept. 



1826 
1854 
1854 



13 Oct., 1883 



(16 Nov, 
(23 Nov.. 

16 May, 

22 Apr., 

16 Oct., 
19 July, 



,1905 
,1905 

1913 

1921 



1884 
1890 



14 Mar., 1908 



4 Mar., 

9 Feb., 

21 Mar., 

10 Apr., 

28 June, 



1857 
1903 
1920 
1850 
1919 



327 
327 



328 
330 
330 
332 
.334 
334 
335 
336 
337 
336 



335 



337 



363 



365 



339 



341 

342 
342 
342 
344 
733 



58 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GREAT BRITAIN— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Portugal. 



Declaration . Trade-marks 

English, Hdb. 1912: 709. 
Agreement. Tariff, etc. (South 
bique). 

English, B. F. S. P. 95: 931. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China. 



Africa and Mozam- 



181 



English, B. F. S. P. 97: 674; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
600; MacMurray I: 489. 

Note. Consular jurisdiction (Zanzibar) 

English, Martens 93: 242. 

Exchange of notes. Patents in Morocco 

French, Hdb. 1912: 711. 
Convention between the Governor of Transvaal and the 
Portuguese Province of Mozambique. 
English. Hdb. 1912: 712; B. F. S. P. 102: 110; Mar- 
tens 89: 885. 

Agreement. Opirmi trade (Hongkong and Macao) 

Enghsh, G. B. T. S. 1913, No. 11, Cd. 7052; Mac- 
Murray II: 944; Hertslet 27: 1018; B. F. S. P. 106: 
811; English and Portuguese, Martens 93: 492. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Rumania •. I Convention. Trade-marks 

i I English, Hdb. 1912: 725. 

Convention. False indications of origin 

English, Hdb. 1912: 727. 

Treatjr. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Vessels, commerce, transit, etc 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

English, Hdb. 1912: 753. 

Agreement. Commerce (Zanzibar) 

Agreement. Joint-stock companies 

French, Hdb. 1912: 756; B. F. S. P. 97: 79; Martens 
82: 382; Hertslet 24: 966. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, MacMurray I: 610; B. F. S. P. 99: 928; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 617. 
Exchange of notes . Consular jurisdiction (Zanzibar) . . . 
English, Martens 93: 243; B. F. S. P. 101: 237. 

Convention. Persia, Afghanistan, and Tibet 

English, MacMurray I: 674. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks and patents in 
Morocco. 
French, Hdb. 1912: 758; B. F. S. P. 101: 201; Martens 
88: 865. 

Agreement. Certificates of origin 

English, G. B. T. S. 1915, No. 8, Cd. 8011. 

Agreement. Trade 

Treaty. Commerce 



Russians. 



182 
431 



183 



Serb-Croat- 
SloveneState.59 



Siam. 



Spain, 



184 
185 



447 

186 

187 

With 187 



Peace settlement 

Commerce, etc 

Friendship and commerce . 
Commerce, etc 

Spirituous liquors . 



188 
189 



190 
191 
192 



Treaty 

Treaty 

Treaty 

Agreement. 

Agreement 

Enghsh. Hdb. 1912: 802; B. F. S. P. 74: 55; Martens 
59: 238; Hertslet 15: 1053. 
Treaty. Commerce, etc. (Burmah, Chiengmoi, Lakon^ 
Lampoonchi). 

English, Hdb. 1912: 805; B. F. S. P. 74: 78; Martens 
60: 570. 
Exchange of notes. Extending treaty of 3 Sept., 1883. . 

Enghsh, Hdb. 1912: 812. 

Treaty. Consular jurisdiction, etc 

Treaty. Peace, commerce, etc 

Treaty. Peace and trade, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 850. 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, etc 

Treaty. Navigation and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

English and French, B. F. S. P. 1: 639; French, Hdb. 
1912: 880. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Peace, etc 

French, Hdb. 1912: 884; Martens 1: 104; English and 
French, B. F. S. P. 1:422; 645. 



Page. 



6 Tan., 1880 
18 Dec, 1901 

/ 4 Aug.. 1904 \ 
\ 8 Aug., 1904 ]f- 

I 

7 Mar., 1907 

/ 5 July, 1907 i1 
\ 8 July, 1907 

1 Apr., 1909 



14 June, 1913 



12 Aug., 1914 i 346 
4 May, 1892 | 

1 Apr., 1893 



31 Oct., 1905 348 

9 Dec, 1919 745 

11 July, 1871 

24 Aug.. 1896 351 

29 Dec, 1904 



29 Oct., 1906 

30 Oct., 1906 

4 July, 1907 

5 July, 1907 

31 Aug., 1907 



11 Oct., 1908 



16 July, 1915 

16 Mar., 1921 

17 Feb., 1907 

10 Sept., 1919 
20 June, 1826 

18 Apr., 1855 
13 May, 1856 

6 Apr., 1883 



3 Sept., 1883 



rDec, 1884 
[Oct., 1896 
10 Mar., 1909 
23 May, 1667 
18 July, 1670 

13 July, 1713 
9 Dec, 1713 

14 Dec, 1715 
9 Nov., 1729 



5 Oct., 1750 
10 Feb., 1763 



351 

354 

771 
357 
357 
357 



358 
359 



360 
361 
361 



362 



See p. 757, note 195. 



■^s See p. 771, note 197. 



LIST OF TKEATIES. 
GREAT BRITAIN— Continued. 



59 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 






Treaty. Peace, etc 


3 Sept., 1783 
5 July, 1814 

28 Aug., 1814 
14 Dec, 1875 

29 Jan., 1883 

/20 June, 1894 
\29 June, 1894 
/28Dec., 1894 
\29 Dec, 1894 
/ 5 Apr., 1907 
\20 June, 1907 

11 Apr., 1654 

17 .July, 1656 

21 Oct., 1661 

5 Feb., 1766 
18Julv, 1812 

24 Apr., 1824 

18 Mar., 1826 
13 Oct., 188:3 

/ 6 Nov., 1905 
\16 Nov., 1905 

27 Nov., 1911 

6 Sept., 1855 
6 Nov., 1880 

20 Feb., 1907 

30 Mar..' 1914 

6 Nov., 1919 

7 Sept., 1904 

20 Apr., 1908 

3 July, 1914 

29 Nov., 1879 

19 July, 1875 

1675 

30 Oct., 1799 
23 July, 1802 

5 Jan., 1809 

25 Apr., 1907 

6 Nov., 1912 

18 Apr., 1825 
29 Oct., 1834 

13 Feb., 1903 






1 


French Hdb. 1912: 886. 






English and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 1: 273; English, 
Hdb. 1912: 889. 
Articles. Additional to treaty of 5 July, 1814 






English, Hdb. 1912: 891. 
Declaration Trade-marks 






1 

1 

194 
with 194 


English, Hdb. 1912: 892. 
Declaration Joint-stock companies . . . . 






English, Hdb. 1912: 893. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial arrangement, etc 

Exchange of notes. Confirming agreement of 20/29 
June, 1894. 

Exchange of notes . Patents in Morocco 


} 362 
} 362 

} 


Sweden 


French, Hdb. 1912: 897. 
Treaty. Peace and commerce 




with 195 
1 195 
with 195 

196 
with 196 

with 196 
197 



with 197 


English, Hdb. 1912: 899. 






Enghsh, Hdb. 1912: 905. 
Treatv. Peace and commerce 


363 




Treaty Conunerce and alliance 


363 




Treaty of peace 

Declarations. British commerce 

French, Hdb. 1912: 922; Sweden Tr. 1910; 766. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Declaration Commercial travelers 


363 

363 
364 


Switzerland 


Exchange of notes. VaUdity of treaties v»ith Sweden 
and Norway. 
EngUsh and French, Hdb. 1912: 932. 
Declaration. Commerce (British colonies) 

Trpfltv yi'i'pnrlshin PnmTnprpp pfp 


} 

365 
365 










English, Hdb. 1912: 940. 






English. Hdb. 1912: 940; Hertslet 25: 1169: B. F. 

S.P.IOO: 575; French and English, Martens 86: 73. 

Convention . Additional to treaty of 1855 


366 




Convention . Aerial na^rigation .... 




Tibet 


English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 37. 






198 


EngUsh, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 204; Hdb. 1912: 

201; B. F. S. P. 98: 148; Martens 85: 448; Mac- 

Murrav I: 578. 

Regulations." Trade in Tibet (signed also by China) . . . 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 170; Martens 88: .39; 

Hertslet 25: 1171; MacMurray I: 582. 

Agreement. Trade in Tibet 




Tonga 


English, MacMurray I: 581. 


367 


Tunis 






Turkey 


199 
with 199 
with 199 
with 199 

1 

! 


EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 66: 93; Martens 52: 479. 
Capitulations 


367 




Act. Commercial privileges in Black Sea . 


367 






.367 




Treaty. Peace and commerce 


367 


United States . . . 


Protocol. Turkish customs duties 

French, B.F. S.P.IOO: 575; Martens 86: 790; Herts- 
let 25: 1178. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Martens 94: 898; B. F. S. P. 105: 281; 
Hertslet 27: 1086, G. B. T. S. 1913, No. 1, Cd. 6584 
See America, United States of. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Application of treaties between Great 

Britain and Colombia. 
Exchange of notes. Renewing former treaties 




Venezuela 


200 
with 200 

with 200 


369 
369 

369 



GREECE. 



(Principal) Allied 
and Associated ! 
Powers. ! 



338 i Treaty. Peace settlement (Minorities) 10 Aug., 1920 



Treatv. Peace settlement (Thrace) .-. do. 

EngUsh, G.B.T. S. 1921, No. 13. Cmd. 1390. I 



598 



60 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
GREECE— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



America, United 
States of. 



Austria so 

Austria-HungaryB 



with 27 

63 
74 



JSelgium. 



103 



with 103 



Bulgaria 62. 



Denmark. 



Egypt. 
France. 



210 
262 
205 



287 
with 28' 



Germany ^3. 



315 



Great Britain. 



314 

164 



with 184 
with 164 



50 See p. 176, note 15. 
s' See p. 187, note 20. 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation. 



Agreement. Additional to treaty of 1837 

English, Tj. S. Tr. I: 854; EngUsh and Greek, 
Greece Tr. 1912: 135. 
Convention. Consular 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. I: 855; Martens 81: 466; B. F. 
S. P. 95: 799. 

Agreement. Duration treaty of 1837 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 187. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 189. 
Declaration. Joint-stock comnanies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900:^ 172. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 167. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 174. 

Agreement. Additional to treaty of 1895 

Declaration. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Martens 94: B. F. S. P. 106: 895. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912: 276. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. II: 598; B. F. S. P. 67: 716; 
French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 282. 
Agreement. Most-favored-nation treatment 



22 Dec, 1837 
10 Feb., 1890 

2 Dec, 1902 

18 Oct., 1920 

10 Sept., 1919 

11 Apr., 1887 
24 Oct., 1888 

1 Sept., 1894 

10 Apr., 1881 

1895 



132 



132 

176 
197 



25 May 
do. 



241 



.do. 



Exchange of notes. Proroguing agreement of 1891 

Declaration. Relationsin Tunis 

French, France Tr. II: 611; French and Greek, 
Greece Tr. 1912: 306. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. II: 617; B. F. S. P. 107: 785; 
Martens 94: 452; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 
1912: 320. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in 
Morocco. 
French, France Tr. II: 619. 

Convention. Consular , 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 328. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of Notes. Trade-Marks 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 368. 

Convention. Property 64 

French, B. F. S. P. 103: 545; German and French, 
Martens 92: 814; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 
1912: 392. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 637; German and French, 
Martens 92: 870; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 
1912: 372. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement . Joint-stock companies 

English, B.F.S. P. 82: 11; Hdb.1912: 458; English 
and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 578. 

Agreement. Commerce 

English, Hdb. 1912: 459; English and Greek, 
Greece Tr. 1912: 567. 
Declaration. Correcting error in agreement of 1890 — 

English, Hdb. 1912: 462. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 



1 Nov., 1904 
25 May, 1912 

22 Mar., 1899 

27 Nov., 1919 
'25 Dec, 1843 
31 Oct., 1846 
4 June, 1906 
7 Jan., 1876 



20 Feb., 1891 
20 Jan., 1892 
28 July, 1892 
16 Dec, 1892 
15 Jan., 1898 



22 Apr., 1912 



21 May, 1914 



391 

476 

378 



513 

513 



Declarations. Commerce 

Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 

English, G. B. T. S. 1914, No. 8. 
Agreement . Suppression o f capitulations in Egypt . 

English and French, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 5. 



26 Nov. 

9 July, 
(I June, 
(5 June, 
1 Dec, 
1 Dec, 



1881 

1884 
1894 
1894 
1910 
1910 



554 



24 Feb., 1911 



28 June, 1919 
10 Nov., 1886 
4 Aug., 1888 

28 Mar., 1890 

16 June, 1890 

27 July, 1894 

f23 Nov., 1904 

tl7May, 1905 

3 Apr., 1914 

4 Sept., 1920 



546 
315 



315 

315 



See p. 3)1, note 82. 
See p. 546, note 128. 



=1 In forcB, Reichsgbl. 14 Feb., 1921: 149 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
GREECE— Continued . 



Treaties with— N o 



Italy.. 
Japan. 



Montenegro. 
Netherlands. 



Norway. 



Persia 

Rumania. 
Russia «5 . 



Serb - Croat - Slo- 

vene-State.66 
Spain 



339 
340 



Description. 



Convention. Consular 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912; 505; French, 
Martens 58: 622; B. F. 8. P. 71; 204. 

Protocol. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 



Exchange of notes. Rene'^ving validitj- of treaty 

French, State Department dispatch No. 794, Tokyo, 
30 Mar., 1921. 

341 Convention. Commerce and n avigation 

342 Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

with 3421 Convention. Additional to treaty of 1843 

Declaration. Trade-marks .' 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 637; French, 
Martens 73: 44; B. F. S. P. 87: 787. 

Protocal. Joint-stock companies 

French and Greek. Greece Tr. 1912: 640; French, 
Martens 84: 349; B. F. S. P. 96: 1273. 

. . i Exchange of notes. Consular jurisdiction 




French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912; 643. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Modifying treaty of 1852 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1850 

Agreement. Joint-stock companies 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 701. 
Agreement. Commerce 



Sweden 

Switzerland. 



Declaration. National treatment of vessels 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 456; French, 
I B. F. S. P. 92; 453. 

347 I Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

348 I Treaty. Commerce and navigation 



with 348 

349 
with 349 



Turkey . 



United States . 



Declaration. Modifying treaty of 1852 , 

Convention. Commerce 

Declaration . Trade-marks 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 418; French 
and German, Martens 79: 571; French, B. F. S. P. 
95; 949. 

Exchange of notes. Importation of Greek wines 

French and Greek, Greece Tr . 1912: 419 

Treaty . Comm.erce and navigation 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 726; French, 
B. F. S. P. 56: 1381. 

Protocol. Property 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 742. 
Trp^t"v of T*pjir*p 

French and Greek, ' Greece ' i9l"2: 769; French, 
B. F. S. P. 90: 422; Martens 78: 630. 

Treatj'-. Commerce and navigation 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 798; French, 
Martens 81: 532. 
See America, United States of. 



Signed. 



27 Nov., 1880 



30 Dec, 1899 
1 June, 1899 
fl9 Mar., 1920 
[1 May, 1920 



14 Mar., 1908 
22 Feb., 1843 
30 June, 1851 
10 May, 1895 



15 Oct., 1903 



3 Mar., 1904 
24 Mar., 1904 
12 Apr., 1904 

27 Oct., 1852 
2 Mar., 1893 

28 Oct., 1861 
17 Mar., 1914 
24 June, 1850 

6 Oct., 1850 
26 Defc., 1887 

17 June, 1894 

18 Nov., 1899 



23 Sept., 1903 
27 Oct., 1852 

2 Mar., 1893 
10 June, 1887 
3 Dec, 1895 
7 May, 1901 



Page. 



600 
600 



601 
602 

602 



609 
609 
804 
605 
605 
605 



607 
609 

609 
611 
611 



22 Feb., 1908 ,\ 
'27 Mar., 1908 /• 
27 May, 1855 1 . . 



24 Feb., 1875 j . 
4 Dec, 1897 j . 



12 Apr., 1903 



GUATEMALA. 



America, United 
States of. 



Belgium. 
Chile.... 



28 



63 See p 



Convention. Property. .' 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 876; B. F. S.P. 94: 821; Mar- 
tens 81: 704. 

Convention. Commercial travelers 

Convention. Gold clearance fund 

EngUsh, International High Commission, 1919. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 175. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

English, State Department dispatch No. 658, 
Santiago, 19 Apr., 1921. 

note 195. 66 See p. 771, note 19' 



27 Aug., 1901 ! 

3 Dec, 1918 ' 134 

4 Dec, 1919 i 

i 
31 Mar., 1900 i 

20 Apr., 1920 I 



62 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



GUATEMALA - Continued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page 


France 


Convention. Copyright 


21 Aug., 1895 

12 Nov., 1895 

28 Feb., 1914 

28 June, 1919 
20 July, 1898 

18 Nov., 1905 

28 Feb., 1916 
7 Mar., 1914 

29 May, 1863 
25 May, 1893 






314 


French, France Tr. IT: 620; B.F. S. P. 87: 549. 
Convention. Trade-marks 






French, France Tr. II: 624; B. F. S. P. 87: 548. 
Convention. Patents 





Germany « 


French, France Tr. 11: 625; B. F. S. P. 107: 787. 
Treatv of peace. . 


546 


Great Britain 


Convention. Trade-marks 




Italy 




English, Hdb. 1912: 469; B. F. S. P. 90: 30. 
Convention. Consular 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 98: 725; Itahan, Italv Tr. 17: 
552; Martens 84: 718. 
Treatv. Commerce and navis;ation 






350 


612 


Netherlands 


Convention. Consular 




Spain 


351 


French, B. F. S. P. io7: 908. 


614 


^ 


Convention. Copvrieht 




United States 


French, B. F. S. P. 85: 753; Martens 71: 712. 
See America, United States of. 











HAITI. 



America, United 
States of. 



Dominican Re- 
public. 
France 



Germany 67 

Netherlands... 
United States . 



29 



316 
314 



Treaty. Economic development 

Convention. Gold clearance fund 

EngUsh, International High Commission, 1919. 

(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 

Treatv. Peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation. 

French, Martens 77: 3: B. F. S. P. 65: 235. 
Treaty. Peace and friendship 

French, France Tr. II: 627. 

Convention. Commerce 

Exchange of notes. Interpretive of convention of 1907. 

French, Martens 94: 408. 

Convention . Commerce 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Consular 

French, Haiti Tr. 1891: 216; Martens 60: 162. 
See America, United States of. 



16 Sept., 1915 I 135 

14 Jan., 1920 ! 

^ I 

9 Nov., 1874 ' 

12 Feb., 1838 j 

20 Jan., 1907 ' 514 
18 Jan., 1912 j 

29 July, 1908 : 556 
28 June, 1919 , 546 
IBMav, 1883 ' 



HEDJAZ. 



Germany 67. 



Treaty of peace. 



28 June, 1919 546 



HONDURAS. 



America, United 

States of. 
Belgium 



France. 



Germany 67 

Great Britain., 
Italy 



Mexico 

Salvador 

United States . 



30 Treaty. Commerce and navigation . 



104 
withl04 



289 
317 
314 
165 
352 
with352 
353 
354 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1909 

Treaty. Commerce and naAagation 

French, France Tr. II: 639; B. F. S. P. 47: 805. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce, etc 

Treaty of peace ; 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

do 

Declaration . Additional to treaty of 1868 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation. . . 

Treaty. Commerce 

See America, United States of. 



4 July, 1864 

25 Mar., 1909 
30 Aug., 1909 
22 Feb., 1856 

1902 



11 Feb., 

12 Dec, 
28 June, 

5 May, 
31 Dec, 
14 July, 
24 Mar., 



1919 
1910 

1868 
1875 
1908 



28 Feb., 1918 



135 



243 
243 



514 
556 
546 
317 
615 
615 
617 
621 



*7 See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
HUNGARY.^* 



63 



Treaties with- 



AUied aiid Asso- 
ciated Powers. 

America, United 
States of. 

Austria 



Germauy. 
Poland... 



No. 



355 

31 



318 



Description. 



Treaty of peace 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Commerce 

German, State Department dispatch, Vienna, 5 
July, 1921. (In force at present, extension auto- 
matic from month to montli, terminable on 1 
week's notice.) 

Treaty. Commerce 

Agreement. Commerce 

English (transl.), State Department dispatch No. 
1210, Budapest, 22 Apr., 1921. 



Signed. 



4 June, 1920 
29 Aug., 1921 
15 June, 1920 



1 June, 1920 
11 Feb., 1921 



Page. 



623 
137 



559 



INDIA.6 



France. . 



Convention concerning the French loge at Balasore. 
English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 287. 



26 Apr., 1920 



ITALY. 



America, United 
States of. 



Argentina. 



Austria '" 

A u s t r i a-H u n - 
gary." 



32 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation . 



58 
with 58 



63 



Belgium. 



Bolivia. 



Convention. Consular 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 977; Italian, Martens 54: 272. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 984; ItaUan, Martens 58: 641. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in Morocco 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 989; B. F. S. P. 98: 750. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

I English, U. S. Tr. I: 991; MacMurray I: 547. 

with 32 I Convention. Amending treaty of 1871 

Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Argentina Tr. 8: 479;French, Martens 72: 25 

Convention. Commerce 

Protocol. Duration of convention of 1894 

Convention. Sanitary 

English, B. F. S. P. 106: 839; Italian, Martens 94: j 

817; Staatsarchiv. 83: 342. j 

Treat 5^ of peace , ' 

Declaration. Prevention of smuggling , 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 15. 

Convention. Consular , 

French, Martens 51: 352. 

Declaration. Jomt-stock companies 

I French, Martens 52: 360. 

' Convention. Copvright 

French, Martens 68: 717; Italy Tr. 12: 363; French 
and German, Neumann N. S. 14: 72. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Sanitarv 

French, Italy Tr.'l911, I: 103; B. F. S. P. 99: 593; 
French and German, Martens 85: 86; Neumann, 
N. S.22: 58. 
Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinal products. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 113; B. F. S. P. 101: 425. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 200. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) 

French, B. F. S. P. 75: 633; Martens 60: 371. 
Declaration. Importation of medicinal products, etc.. 
French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 611; Itahan, Italy Tr. 
1911, I: 125: B. F. S. P. 101: 423. 
Treaty. Friendship and extradition 



105 



131 



26 Feb., 

8 May, 

1 June, 

/12 Mar., 
U3 June, 

18 Dec, 

25 Feb., 
20 Dec, 

1 June, 
31 Jan., 
17 Aug., 



10 Sept. 
r26 Apr., 
[29 Apr., 

15 May, 

r24 Jan., 
, 3 Feb., 

8 July, 



11 Feb. 
11 Feb. 



23 Dec, 

22 July, 

11 Dec, 
19 Dec, 

4 May, 
18 Oct., 



1871 

1878 

1882 

1904 
1904 

1905 

1913 

1885 

1894 
1895 
1912 

1919 
1870 
1870 

1874 

1877 
1877 

1890 

1906 
1906 

1908 

1878 

1882 
1884 

1908 
1890 


138 

} 

139 

170 

170 



176 

} 



} 

198 

245 
279 



«8 See p. 623, note 152; p. 187, note 20; and pp. 20-21. 
69 See p. 290, note 40. 



"0 See p. 176, note 16. 
" See p. 187, note 20. 



64 



HANDBOOK OF COMMEECIAL TEEATIES. 
ITALY— Continued. 



Treaties Mdth— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Brazil . . 






21 July, 1877 

5 July, 1900 
/25 Nov., 1912 
t 1 Dec, 1912 

13 Jan., 1908 

13 Nov., 1908 
18 Jan., 1909 

/21 Feb., 1910 
\10 Mar., 1910 

6 June, 1911 

27 Nov., 1919 
6 June, 1910 

12 July, 1898 

26 Oct., 1866 

27 Oct., 1892 

11 Dec, 1896 

29 Dec, 1903 
23 Mar., 1921 

IMay, 1864 

17 Sept., 1992 
3 Mar., 1907 

18 Oct., 1886 
5 Jan., 1889 

15 July, 1903 

12 Aug., 1900 
26 Feb., 1911 

14 July, 1906 
21 July, 1906 

/22 June, 1908 
\25 June, 1908 
26 July, 1862 

9 July, 1884 

14 Feb., 1885 

16 Mar., 1887 

8 Dec, 1888 

28 Sept., 1896 

do 






138 

212 
with 212 

210 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 73; Italian, 
Martens 54: 271. 


286 




Notes. Proroguing agreement of 1900 


} 

402 


Bulgaria '2 


Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, I: .136. 
Treaty. Comme^'ce, customs, and navigation . . . 




402 




Note — verbal. ItaUan wines 






French, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 162. 
Convention. Consular 


}-•■ 




French, Boll. Leg. Dog. 29: 1059; B. F. S. P. 103: 389; 
Martens 91: 892. 
Exchange of notes. Proroguing treaty of 1906 




French, B. F. S. P. 104: 838; Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 165. 
Treaty of peace 


391 




Agreement. Commerce 




Chile 


223 
232 

248 

256 


English, Martens 91: 544: B.'F. S. P. 103: 498; Eng- 
lish and Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 170. 


417 




Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


426 


Colombia 


449 


Cuba.. . - . 


ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 277. 

Treaty. Friendsliip, navigation, and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


461 


Czechoslovakia 




Depmark 


263 
with263 

277 
with 277 
with 277 

280 
with 280 

206 


English (transl.), State Department dispatch 
Prague, 4 May, 1921. 
Treaty Commerce' and navigation 


477 




Article. Additional to treaty of 1864 


478 




Declaration Industrial models 




Dominican Re- 


French, B. F. S. P. 101: 282; Martens 86: 757. 
Treaty Commerce and navigation 


497 


public. 


Act. Additional to treaty of 1886 


497 


Declaration. Renewing treaty of 1886 . . . . 


497 


Ecuador 


Treaty. Establishment, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treatv of 1900 


502 




502 


Egypt 


Convention. Commerce and navigation 


381 


Ethiopia (Abys- 


Treaty. Commerce and friendship 




sinia). 
France 


English, B.F.S. P. 99: 1069; Ita]ian,Italy Tr. 1911: 
I: 306; Martens 86: 488. 
Notes. Commerce between Ethiopia and Somalia 

French and Italian, B. F. S. P. 102: 418. 
Convention. Consular 


}.... 




290 


French, France Tr. II: 673; B.F.S. P. 52: 164. 






French, France Tr. II: 710. 






French, France Tr. II: 716; Italy Tr. 1911, I: 378; 
B.F.S. P. 76: 243. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies and industrial 
property. 
French, France Tr. II: 717; B. F. S. P. 78: 722. 
Agreement Additionalto convention of 1862 






French, France Tr. II: 718; B. F. S. P. 79: 163. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation (Tunis) 

French, France Tr. II: 731; B. F. S. P. 88: 717; 
Martens 73: 382; Clercq20: 597; Italy Tr. 14: 309. 






French, France Tr. II: 735; B. F. S. P. 88: 717; 
Martens 73: 382; Clercq 20: 597; Italy Tr. 14: 309. 
Declaration. Abolition of differential maritime cus- 
toms. 
French, France Tr. II: 756; Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 381. 
Agreement. Commercea 


1 Oct., 1896 

21 Nov., 1898 
riO Mar., 1905 
127 July, 1905 

fl2 0ct., 1907 
\13 0ct., 1907 

18 Jan., 1908 


515 




Exchange of notes. Additional to consular conven- 
tions of 1862 and 1896. 
French, France Tr. II: 781. 
Notes. Importation of medicinal and pharmaceutical 
products. 
French, France Tr. II: 790; French and Itahan, 
Italy Tr. 1911: I: 406; English and French, 
B. F. S. P. 101. 418; Italian, Martens 91: 808. 
Convention. Fisheries. 


} 




French, France Tr. II: 792; B. F. S. P. 101: 1059; 
Martens 93: 249. 





"See p. 391, note 82. 

a To terminate 1 Mar., 1922. See Appeoidix. 



LIST OF TEEATIES. 
ITALY— Continued. 



65 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


France (contd.) 




Agreement Libia and Morocco 


28 Oct., 1912 

19 Mar., 1913 

29 May, 1914 
17 Dec, 1914 

9 Mar., 1916 

27 Aug., 1920 
21 Dec, 1868 

17 Feb., 1872 

8 Aug., 1873 

4 May, 1891 

6 Dec, 1891 
6 Dec, 1891 

18 Jan., 1892 

4 June, 1902 

3 Dec, 1904 
/30 Dec, 1907 
\31 Dec, 1907 

28 June, 1919 

5 May, 1921 

26 Nov., 1867 

15 Jime, 1883 
10 Mar., 1884 

26 Nov., 1901 

/30July, 1903 
\ 7 Aug., 1903 

ri8 Sept., 1904 
\20 Sept., 1904 

/28 May, 1906 
\13 July, 1906 

/ 9 July, 1907 
\10 July, 1907 

/20 Dec, 1907 
\23 Dec, 1907 

30 May, 1908 

15 June, 1914 

27 Nov., 1880 

30 Dec, 1899 








French, France Tr. II: 803; B. F. S. P. 107: 794; 
Martens 93: 144. 






French, France Tr. 11: 804. 






French, France Tr. II: 809; B. F. S. P. 107: 798. 






French, France Tr. II: 810. 
Declaration . Renunciation of capitulationsin Morocco. 
French, France Tr. II: 813. 




Germany's 


French, J. 0. 21 Nov., 1920: 18744. 
Agreement Consular (North German union) 






319 

with 319 
314 


German, Martens 48: 8. 
Convention. Consular (Extension to German Empire 
ofagreementof 1858). 

German, Martens 48: 19. 
Declaration Joint-stock companies 






German, Hdv. 1906: 292. 
Agreement. Additional to agreements of 1868/1872 

German and Italian Martens 67: 623. 
Treaty Commerce and navigation - - 


561 




Exchange of notes. Interpreting Article Vli of treaty 
of 1891. 
French, B. F. S. P. 83: 259; Italy Tr. 1911, 481; 
German and Italian, Martens 67: 712. 
Convention. Patents, trade-marks, etc 






English, B. F. S. P. 84: 953; German and Italian, 
Martens 67: 937; Italian, Italy Tr. 13: 110. 
Convention . Modifying convention of 1892 (Patents) . . 
Germanand Italian, Martens 81: 352; Italian, Italy 
Tr. 16: 345. 
Agreement Additional to treaty of 1891 


561 




Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinal products. 

French B. F. S. P. 101: 420; Martens 89: 186; Italy 
Tr. 1911, 1: 482; German, Hdv. 1915: 23. 


} 

546 


Great Britain 


Protocol. Modifying Annex II of Part VIII of the 
treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919. 
English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 12, Cmd. 1349. 






166 
with 166 


English; Hdb. 1912: 483. 


320 




Exchange of notes. Application to certain British 
colonies of treaty of 1883. 
English and Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 512. 
Convention. Customs (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan with 
Eritrea). 
English, B.F.S. P. 94: 581. 


} 

} 

} 

} 

} 




English, Hdb. 1912: 493; Hertslet 24: 219; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 599; MacMurrayl: 409. 

Exchange of notes. Coasting trade ... 




English, Hdb. 1912: 494; B. F. S. P. 100: 542; 
Hertslet 26: 698.- 

Notes Extension to colonies of treaty of 1883 




English and Itahan, Italy Tr. 1911 1: 513. 
Exchange of notes . Importation of medical products . . 

EnglishandItalian,ItalyTr. 1911: I: 515. 
Exchange of notes , Patents in Morocco 




French, Hdb. 1912: 495. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 


Greece . . 


EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 496; Hertslet 25: 915; B. F. S. 
P. 101: 191; Martens 88: 269; English and ItaUan, 
Italy Tr. 1911, 1: 518. 
Convention. Extension to British India of treaty of 

1885. 
Convention. Consular 







339 


French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 505; French, 
Martens 58: 622; B. F. S. P. 71: 204. 
Protocol. Commerce and navigation 





73 See p. 546, note 128. 



66 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

ITALY— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



Oiiatemala. 



Honduras. 



Hungary 74. 
Japan 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 



Mexico 

Montenegro . 



350 
352 
with 352 
355 
356 



Convention. Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 98: 725; Italian, Italy Tr. 17: 
5.52; Martens 84: 718. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

do 



357 



358 
359 



Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1868 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Duration of treaty of 1912 

French, State Department dispatch No. 794, 
Tokyo, 30 Mar., 1921. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Agreement. Trade-Marks 

French, Martens 74: 641; Italy Tr. 14: 145. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 



Morocco 

Netherlands. 



Nicaragua. 
Norway... 



Panama 75. 
Paraguay. 
Persia 



360 



361 
371 



Peru . 



Portugal. 



Rumania. 



Russians. 



248 

362 

363 

with 363 

364 



365 



366 



Agreement. Commerce 

Exchange of notes. Proroguing agreement of 1903. . . . 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 610. 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and coiiunerce 

English, B. F. S. P. 98: 975; Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 
II: 552. 

Treaty. Commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article II of treaty of 1863. . 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 6.34. 

Protocol. Joint-stock companies 

French, B. F. S. P. 61: 1052. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 52: 15; B. F. S. P. 66: 130. 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Martens 52: 19; B. F. S. P. 66: 135. 

Declaration. Proroguing treaty of 1863 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 639; Martens -52:23. 
Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinal products. 
French, Martens 91: 874; Italv Tr. 1911, II: 639; 
B. F. S. P. 103:561. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article XIII of treaty of 1862. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 870, Sweden Tr. 1910: 
839; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 91. 
Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 629; Martens 72: 535. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

do 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Articles. Additional to treaty of 1862 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 105: 978; Italian and Spanish, 
Martens 94: 764. 

Convention. Consular 

Italian, Martens 54: 308, Enghsh B. F. S. P. 58: 36. 

Exchange of notes. Copyright 

Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 378; ItaUan and Portu- 
guese, Martens 85: 230. 

Agreement. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Italy Tr. Appendix I: 1914: 43; B. F. S. P. 
107: 933. 

Convention. Trade-Marks 

French, Martens 81: 563. 

Treaty. Commerce, customs, and navigation" 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Martens 85: 554. 

Exchange of notes. Importation of Itahan olive oil 

French, Martens 91: 870. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 51: 395. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 68: 215; B. F. S. P. 101: 391. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, MacMurray I: 609; French, Martens 93: 
394. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, B.F.S. P. 101: 391; MartensSO: 835. 
Exchange of notes. Additional to treaty of 1907, Classi- 
fication of mineral oils. 
French, Italy Tr. Appendix 1, 1914: 47; B. F. S.P, 
107: 937. 



13 Nov., 1905 



28 Feb., 1916 
31 Dec, 1868 
14 July, 1875 
4 June, 1920 
25 Nov., 1912 
/30 Aug., 1919 
\25 Sept., 1919 

23 Oct., 1862 
(1 Mar., 1896 
\3Mar., 1896 
16 Apr., 1890 

21 Dec, 1903 

22 Dec, 1903 

10 June, 1904 

11 June, 1904 
30 June, 1825 



24 Nov., 1863 
12 Nov., 1864 

11 Apr., 1868 

3 Aug., 1875 

do 

22 May, 1876 

13 Jan., 

1 4 Jan., 



1910 
1910 



25 Jan., 1906 
14 July, 1862 
7 June, 1877 



r30 Nov., 1905 
,19 Dec, 1905 

27 Oct., 1892 

22 Aug., 1893 
24 Sept., 1862 
29 Sept. ,1862 

23 Dec, 1874 
11 June, 1907 



30 Sept., 1868 
12 May, 1906 



9 May, 1911 
8 July, 1914 



June, 1903 



5 Dec, 1906 
....do 



fllJan., 1910 
{2 Feb., 1910 
28 Apr., 1875 

9 May, 1891 

16 Oct., 1906 

28 June, 1907 
4 Jan., 1914 



612 
615 



623 
632 



636 



637 
641 



641 



642 
661 



449 
645 
647 
647 
648 



649 



6;o 



^* See p. 623, not 152. 

'5 Concluded with Colombia. 



'"^ See p. 757, note 195. 
« Terminated. See Appendix. 



LIST OF TEEATTES. 
ITALY— Contimied. 



67 



Treaties with — 



Salvador 



San Marino . 



No. 



367 



with 367 



Serb -Croat -Slo- 
vene State. " 



Siam. 



Spain. 



Sweden. 



Switzerland. 



Turkey. 



368 
with368 



369 



370 



371 



372 



Description. 



Signed. 



Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

Italian, Martens 56: 666; English, B. F. S. P. 68: 
1331. 

Exchange of notes. Renewing treaty of 1860 

Convention. Friendship, etc 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 778. 

Declaration. Additionalto convention of 1897 

English, B. F. S. P. 95: 1023; ItaUan, Italy Tr. 191L 
II: 788. 

Convention. Additional to convention of 1897 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 789. 

Convention. Additional to convention of 1897 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 790. 

Convention. Additionalto convention of 1897 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. Appendix I, 1914; 50. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 56: 644; B. F. S. P. 70: 571. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Sanitary , 

Treaty of PapaUo *. , 

EngUsh, Nation 111; 789. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article IX of treaty of 1868. . 
ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 838; EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 
60: 783. 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 839; Martens 63: 642; 
French, B. F. S. P. 76: 298. 

Convention. Modifying treaty of 3 Oct., 1868 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 844; Martens 85: 539; 
EngUsh, B. S. F. P. 101: 409. 

Declaration. Relations in Libia and Morocco 

French, Martens 93: 145: EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 107: 
947. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation a 

Declaration. Renunciation by Italy of capitulations in 
Morocco. 
Spanish, Ga. de Madrid, 2 May, 1916: 206. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article XIII, treaty of 1862. . 
French. Italy Tr. 1911, II: 870; Sweden Tr. 1910: 
839. 

Declaration. Copyright 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 841. 

Agreement. Importation of plants, etc 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 893. 
A'^reement. Sanitary 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 896. 
Treaty. Commercea 

Exchange of notes. Duties on cattle, additional to 
treaty of 1904. 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 949. 

Protocol. Correcting error in treaty of 1904 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 950. 

Notes. Additional to treaty of 1904 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 950. 

Convention. Fisheries 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 965. 
Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinal prod- 
ucts. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 966; B. F. S. P. 101: 422; 
German, Martens 86: 922. 

Declaration. Regulation of itinerant merchants 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 968. 

Act . Additional to convention of 1906 , 

ItaUan and German, Martens 92: 867; Italian, Italy 
Tr. 1911, II: 969; EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 105: 680. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce , 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 985; ItaUan and Eng- 
lish, B. F. S. P. 12: 915. 
Exchange of notes. Explaining Article II of treaty of 
1823 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 990. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 992. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 993;B. F. S. P.53: 1082. 



27 Oct., 1860 653 
25 Jan., 1876 



Page. 



( 9 Jan., 1911 
[17 Jan., 1911 
28 July, 1897 

9 Jan., 1901 



16 Feb., 1906 
14 July, 1907 
10 Feb. , 1914 
9 Nov., 1879 



653 



14 Jan., 1907 656 

do I 656 

12 Nov., 1920 I 

3 Oct., 1868 ! 658 
10 Dec, 1868 1 



5 July, 
8 Apr., 
4 May, 



30 Mar. 
26 Apr. 



14 July, 
7 June. 



I Oct., 

727 Sept.; 
\ 9 Oct., 

14 May, 

13 July, 
flO Oct., 
Ul Oct., 

13 Nov., 

13 Nov., 

13 July, 

/16 Nov., 
\29 Nov., 

13 July, 

8 Feb., 



1884 
1905 
1913 



1914 660 
1916 



1862 ' 661 
1877 : 



1884 



1889 

1889 



1904 I 662 
1904 \ 
1904 1/ 



1904 i 

1904 j 

1906 I 

1907 
1907 

1908 
1911 



25 Oct., 1823 

16 Aug., 1824 
24 Aug., 1824 

30 Mar., 1856 

10 July, 1861 



" See p. 771, note 197 



Terminated. See Appendix. 



54083—22- 



-6 



68 



HANDBOOK OF COMMEKCIAL TREATIES. 
ITALY— Continued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Turkey (contd ) 




Protocol Turkish customs duties. 


25 Apr., 1907 

18 Oct., 1912 
12 Mar., 1921 

19 July, 1861 
28 May, 1885 

10 Oct., 1885 








French B. F. S. P. 100: 575; Martens 86: 790; Hert- 
siet25:1178. 
Treaty of peace 






French, B. F. S. P. 106: 1100: Martens 92: 7; Italy 
Tr. Appendix I, 1914: 64. 




United States.. 


French, L' Europe Nouvelie, 28 May, 1921:698. 
See America, United States of. 
Treaty. Friendship, navigation, and commerce 




Venezuela 


373 


664 






English, B. F. S. P. 76:269; Italian, Italy Tr. 10: 524; 
Italv Tr. 1911, II: 1069; Martens 63: 655. 
Article Additional to treatv of 1885 . . 







Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 1074. 







JAPAN. 



America, United 
States of. 



Argentina 

Austria 7s 

Austria-Hungaryjs 



Belgium . 



Bolivia . 
Brazil.. 
Chile... 



China . 



with 33! Treaty. Commerce and navigation , 



106 
132 
139 
224 



233 



234 
235 



Convention. Cop vright 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 1037; Japan Tr. 1918: 10; 
Martens 84: 715; B. F. S. P. 101: 463. 

Treatv. Trade-marks in China 

English, U. S. Tr. I: 1043; Japan Tr. 1918: 15: 
Martens 87: 679; B. F. S. P. 101: 1034; MacMur- 
ray I: 735. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Mutual interest in China 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Application of Article XII of treaty of 
1912 to Liechtenstein. 
French, Japan Tr. 1918: .506. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 219. 

Agreement. Patents, trade-marks, etc 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 225. 
Declaration. Friendship and establishment (Congo) . . 
French, B. F. S. P. 92: 790; Martens 83: 245. 

Agreement. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

do 

Article. Additional to treaty of 1897 

English and Spanish, Japan Tr. 1918: 68. 

Treaty of peace 

English, B. F. S. P. 87: 799; Martens 71: 642; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 362; MacMurray I: 18. 

Convention. Retrocession of Liaotimg 

English, B. F. S. P. 87: 1195; Hertslet's China Tr. 
I: 370; Rockhill: 26; MacMurray I: 50. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Settlements, inland navigation, etc 

English, Rockhill: 39; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 382; 
MacMurray I: 91. 

Declaration. Nonalienation of Fukien 

English, Rockhill: 181; MacMurray I: 126. 

Treaty. Supplementary to treaty of 1895 

Treaty. Manchuria 

Agreement. Railways in Manchuria 

Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 275; Martens 91: 770; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 397; Rockhill: 141; Mac- 
Murray I: 627. 

Agreement. Customs and navigation 

English, MacMurray I: 634; B. F. S. P. 101: 271; 
Martens 86: 806. 

Agreement. Exploitation of Yalu timber 

English, Martens 91: 814; MacMurray I: 731. 

Agreement. Mines and railways in Manchuria 

English, MacMurray I: 790; B. F. S. P. 102: 393; 
Martens 87: 674. 

Agreement. Customs 

English, B. F. S. P. 107: 730; Martens 92: 652; 
MacMurray II: 1039. 



22 Nov., 1894 
10 Nov., 1905 

19 May, 1908 



21 Feb., 1911 

2 Nov., 1917 

3 Feb., 1898 
10 Sept., 1919 
28 Oct., 1912 
17 June, 1913 



22 Dec, 1896 
21 Apr., 1898 
17 Jan., 1900 

8 July, 1911 
13 Apr., 1914 

5 Nov., 1895 
25 Sept., 1897 

16 Oct., 1898 

17 Apr., 1895 
8 Nov., 1895 



21 July, 1896 
19 Oct., 1896 



26 Apr., 1898 

8 Oct., 1903 
22 Dec, 1905 
15 Apr., 1907 



30 May, 1907 

14 May, 1908 
4 Sept., 1909 

29 May, 1913 



140 



140 
142 
171 
176 
203 



247 
280 
286 
417 



428 



430 
431 



'8 See p. 178, note 18. 



79 See p. 187, note 20. 



LIST OF TEEATIES. 

JAPAN— Continued. 



69 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 






Treaty (followed by exchange of notes). Province of 
Shantung. 
English, MacMurray IT: 1216: Martens 94: 334: 
A. J. I. L. Supp. 10: 1. 
Treaty (followed by exchange of notes). South Man- 
churia and eastern inner Mongolia. 
Enghsh, MacMurray II: 1220; Martens 94: 335; 
A. J. I. L. Supp. 10: 5. 


25Majs 1915 

do 

. .do 






249 
374 
257 
264 
265 
281 






English, MacMurray II: 1229; Martens 94: 340. 


do 




Colombia 

Corea 


English, MacMurray II: 1230; Martens 94: 349. 
Exchange of notes. Shantung. (Not ratified by 
China") 

Enghsh, MacMurray II: 1445. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Annexation 


24 Sept., 1918 

25 May, 1908 
22 Aug., 1910 
10 Sept., 1919 
12 Feb., 1912 

1 .do 


451 

. 667 


Czechoslovokia... 




466 


Denmark 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation . . 


479 




1 Convention . Customs ... 


482 






26 Aug., 1918 
10 June, 1907 

do ... 


502 


France 








291 

.... 



320 
321 



314 1 



1 


French, France Tr. Ill: 1; Japan Tr. 1918: 211; 
B. F. S. P. 100: 913; Martens 86: 5; English, 
MacMurray I: 640; Rockhill: 30. 
Convention. Indo-China . 






French, France Tr. Ill: 2; Japan Tr. 1918: 212; 
B. F. S. P. 100: 914; Martens 86: 6; English, Mac- 
Murray I: 640. 
Convention. Trade-marks, etc. , in China 


14 Sept., 1909 

19 Aug., 1911 
do 

4 Oct., 1913 
14 July, 1915 

19 Sept., 1919 

24 June, 1911 
.. .do.... 






French, France Tr. Ill: 2; B. F. S. P. 102: 422; 
Martens 90: 105; Japan Tr. 1918: 213; English, 
MacMurray I: 798. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Adhesion of French colonies to 
convention of 19 Aug., 1911. 
French, Japan Tr. 1918: 234. 
Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 


515 




French, Japan Tr. 1918: 235. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Mo- 
rocco and application of Franco- Japanese treaties. 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 237. 
Exchange of notes. Duration of treaty of 1911 




Germany 80 


French, State Department dispatch No. 794, 
Tokyo, 30 Mar., 1921. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation . . 


564 






567 




Exchange of notes. Consular relations 


7. July, 1911 

28 June, 1919 
5 May, 1921 

29 Aug., 1904 

3 Apr., 1911 
13.Tul5^ 1911 

/17July, 1912 
Uo Sept., 1912 
r26 Oct., 1912 
\31 Oct., 1912 1 

1 7 Feb., 1913 ; 
1 Mar., 1913 i 
5 Mar., 1913 

8 July, 1920 
1 June 1899 






English, B. F. S. P. 107: 861; German, Martens 
93: 632. 
Treaty of peace . 


546 


Great Britain 


Protocol. Modifying Annex II of Part VIII of tlie 
treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919. 
English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 12. 






1 

167 

With 167 1 

i 
i 

! 

340 
355 


English, Hdb. 1912: 499; B. F. S. P. 97: .58; Martens 
83: 536; Hertslet 24: 704. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation .... 


323 




Agreement of aUiance 




Greece 


English, G. B. T. S. 1911, No. 18; MacMurray I: 
900; Japan Tr. 1918: 2C8. 
Exchange of notes. Accession of British colonies to 
treaty of 3 Apr., 1911. 1 

Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 

English, G. B. T. S. 1912, No. 23; Japan Tr. 1918: i 
263; Martens 94: 894; Hertslet 27: 910. | 

Exchange of notes. Adhesion of Canada to treaty of i 
1911. i 
English, Japan Tr. 1918: 259. 
Declaration. Anglo-Japanese agreement of 13 July, 1911 

English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 24. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 1 


\ 326 

1 

1 

600 

\ 

623 


Hungary 8i 


Exchange of notes. Renewing validity of treaty of 
1899. ,i 
French, State Department dispatch No. 794, | 
Tokyo, 30 Mar., 1921. j 
Treaty of peace | 


19 Mar., 1920 | 
1 May, 1920 !j 

4 June, 1920 1 



p. 546, note 128. 



SI See p. 623, note 152. 



70 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
JAPAN — Continued . 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Italy 


356 
375 




25 Nov., 1912 
/30 Aug., 1919 
\25 Sept., 1919 

30 Nov., 1888 
27 Apr., 1908 

6. July, 1912 
19 Jan., 1906 

16 June, 1911 
do 


632 






} 

668 


Mexico. 


French, State Department dispatch No. 794, 
Tokyo, 30 Mar., 1921. 
Treaty. Friendship anrJ commerce. 


Netherlands 


Convention. Consular CDutch colonies) 






376 


French, Japan Tr. 1918: 311; Martens 86: 930; 
B. F. S.P. 101: 1067. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation. .. 


669 


Norway. . 


Exchange of notes. Validitv of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 299. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 






377 
378 
379 


671 






673 


Peru 


Treaty. Commerce and navio'ation 


20 Mar., 1895 
5 Sept., 1905 

28 .July, 1907 
28 July, 1907 

30 July, 1907 

12 Jan., 1910 
4 July, 1910 

23 June, 1911 

do 


674 


Russia S2 








380 

381 

382 
383 
with383 
with 383 


French and English, Japan Tr. 1918:344; Martens 
83: 3; English, MacMurray I: 522; French B. 
F. S. P. 98: 735. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Fisheries 


676 




French, Japan Tr. 1918: 381; B. F. S. P. 101: 453; 
Martens 86: 861. 
Convention. Integrity of China etc 






French, Japan Tr. 1918, 393; B. F. S. P. 101: 462; 
Martens 86: 7; Herlslet's China Tr. I: 619; English, 
MacMurray I: 657. 
Exchange of notes. Certi ficates of origin 






French, Japan Tr. 1918: 378; B. F. S. P. 103: 587. 






English, MacMurray I: 803; B. F. S. P. 103: 586; 
Martens 88: 753; French, Japan Tr. 1918: 394. 
Arrangement. Joint-stock companies 






French, Japan Tr. 1918: 380; B. F. S. P. 105: 713; 
Martens 92: 910. 






French, Japan Tr. 1918: 408; B. F. S. P. 105: 715; 
Martens 93: 597. 


do 






English, MacMurray I: 899; French, B. F. S. P. 
105: 717; Martens 93: 600; Japan Tr. 1918; 411. 


14 Aug., 1911 

25 Feb., 1898 
do 




Siam 


English, MacMurray I: 646; French, B. F. S. P. 
105: 719; Martens 92: 651. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and na\-igation 


679 


Spain 


English, Japan Tr. 1918: 421; B. F. S. P. 90: 72. 


28 Mar., 1900 
15 May, 1911 

29 Aug., 1911 
12 May, 1913 

/ 6 Jan., 1906 
\19Jan., 1906 

19 May, 1911 
do 


681 




Treaty Amity and general relations . . . 


681 






681 




Declaration Additional to treaty of 1911 


682 


Sweden 


Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norwaj^ 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 423. 


} 

684 




1 

384 
385 

386 




Convention Customs 


686 




Conve'ition Industrial propertv in China 


24 Aug., 1916 
21 June, 1911 




Switzerland 


French, Japan Tr. 1918: 436. 
Treaty Establishment and commerce 


687 


United States 1 


See America, United States of. 






1 





LATVIA. 



Gema'any . 
Russia... 



Agreement. Resumption of relations 15 July, 1920 

English, Bd. Tr. J. 9 Sept. 1920: 312; L.N.T.S. i 
2: 91. ' 

Treaty of peace 11 Aug., 1920 

Russian and Lettish, L. N. T. S. 2: 195. 



82 See p. 757, note 195. 



LIST OY TREATIES. 
LIBERIA. 



71 



Treaties with- 



America, United 

States of. 
Austria-Hungary. 

Belgium 

Denmark 

France 



No. 



266 
292 
I with 292 
I 322 



Germany ' 



i 314 
Great Britain 168 

I with 168 

Italy I 357 

Norway 387 

Sweden 387 

United States 



Description. 



Signed. 



35 i Treaty. Commerce and navigation j 21 Oct., 1862 

1 Sept., 1866 

IMay, 1885 

IMay, 1860 

17 Apr., 1852 

20 Apr., 1852 

31 Oct., 1867 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation . 



.do. 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation I 

Article. Additional to treaty of 1852 | 

Treaty. Commerce and Navigation (North German | 
union). j 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Agreement. Modifying treaty of 1848 1 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation | 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation | 

do I 

See America, United States of. I 



28 June, 1919 
21 Nov., 1848 
23 July, 1908 
23 Oct., 1862 
1 Sept., 1863 
do 



LIECHTENSTEIN. 



Page. 



143 

206 
248 
483 
519 
519 
568 

546 
327 
327 
636 
690 
690 



Austria . 



Exchange of notes. Commerce. . . 
German, Bundesgbl. No. 136. 



22 Apr., 1920 



LUXEMBURG. 



America, United 


""ioi" 
with 101 




Declaration. Trade-marks... 


23 Dec, 1904 

/18 Nov., 1864 
\ 7 Dec, 1864 

/25 Sept., 1883 
126 Sept., 1883 

6 Dec, 1891 
2 Apr., 1903 

22 June, 1904 
10 June, 1908 

25 July, 1921 

1 Oct., 1912 
27 Mar., 1880 
10 Sept., 1902 
31 Oct., 1911 
25 Jan., 1900 

; 1 Mar., 1896 
t 3 Mar., 1896 

1 Nov., 1912 

IMay, 1911 

14 Sept., 1912 
IJuly, 1912 




States of. 
Belgium 


EngHsh, U. S. Tr. I: 1057; B. F. S. P. 98: 752; 
Enghsh and French, Martens 82: 373. 
Convention. Joint-.stook compflnies.. . , 


} 

} 

239 




French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 239. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 




French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 240. 
Treaty. Comniercp and cnstoTn5?« 




Agreement- Spiritnons liquors 






French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 615. 
Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1891 ^-^ 


239 




Agreement. Commercial travelers'samples 




Denmark 


French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 547. 
Convention. Establishing an economic union between 
Belgium and Luxemburg. 
Enghsh, State Department dispatch, No. 1280, 
Brussels, 2 Aug., 1921. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 




France 




French, Martens 94: 883. 








French, France Tr. Ill: 48; Martens 66: 490. 
Agreement. Spirituous liquors .. 




Germany 


French, France Tr. Ill: 61. 
Agreement. Spirituous liquors 




Great Britain 




German, Hdv. 1915: 46; Martens 92: 512. 
Declaration. Trade-marks... 




Italy 




English, Hdb. 1912: 523; Hertslet23: 1201: English 
andFrench,B.F. S.P.95: 402; Martens 79: 497. 

Agreement. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 74:641; Italy, Tr. 14: 145. 
Declaration. Trade-marks . 


} 


Netherlands 





Norway 




French, B. F. S. P. 107: 1000. 
Declaration . Trade-marks 




Russia 84 ... 




French, B. F. S. P. 105: 623; Martens 92: 908: Nor- 
wegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 119. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 94: 834. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 




Sweden 






United States 




French, Martens 94: 801. 
See America, United States of. 











83 See p. 546, note 128. 



84 See p. 757, note 195. 



72 



HANDBOOK OF COMMEECIAL TREATIES. 
MEXICO. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Belgium. 



China 

Denmark.. 

Dominican 

public. 



Ecuador. 
France.., 



236 
267 



Re- 



282 
293 



Germany. 



323 



Great Britain . 

Honduras 

Italy 

Japan 

Netherlands.. 

Nicaragua 

Norway 



Persia . . . 
Russia 85 . 
Spain 



Sweden 
Turkey. 



169 
353 
358 
375 
388 
389 
392 
with 392 
390 
39] 



392 
with 392 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 260. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation . . . 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation. . . 

Spanish, Martens 68: 758; English, B. F. S. P. 



82: 



Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation „ 

Convention. Industrial property 

French, France Tr. Ill: 84; B. F. S. P. 92: 463. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 90: 335. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

do 

do 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

do 

do 

Protocol. Amending treaty of 1885 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Convention. Commerce and coasting trade 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Spanish and English, B. F. S. P. 24: 864. 

Convention. Copyright 

Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 96: 533; Spanish, Martens 81: 
526. 

Treaty . Commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Amending treaty of 1885 

Protocol . Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 735; Martens 93: 286. 



7 June, 
...-do.. 



14 Dec, 1899 
3 May, 1910 
29 Mar., 1890 



10 July, 1888 
27 Nov., 1886 
10 Apr., 1899 

5 Dec, 1882 
16 Aug., 1898 

27 Nov., 1888 
24 Mar., 1908 
16 Apr., 1890 
30 Nov., 1888 
22 Sept., 1897 

6 Nov., 1900 
29 July, 1885 
15 Dec, 1885 
14 May, 1902 

2 Oct., 1909 

28 Dec, 1836 

26 Mar., 1903 



29 July, 1885 
15 Dec, 1885 
23 Dec, 1910 



249 



432 

484 



504 
520 



569 



328 
617 
637 
668 
692 
693 
696 
696 
695 
695 



696 
696 



MONACO. 



France. 



294 



Convention. Customs administration 

Treaty. Relations between France and Monaco. 
English, B. F. S. P. Ill: 727. 



10 Apr., 1912 
17 July, 1918 



MONGOLIA. 



China 

Russia 85 . 



7 June, 1915 



Convention. Outer MongoUa. (Signed also by Rus- 
sia.) 
English, MacMurray II: 1239. 

Agreement. Friendship and commerce i 3 Nov., 1912 

Enghsh, MacMurray il: 992; English and French, 
Martens 93: 693; uerman (transL), Martens 92: 
11; French B. F. S. P. 105: 398. 

Agreement. Railroads in Mongolia 

Enghsh, MacMurray 11: 1178. 



30 Sept., 1914 







MONTENEGRO. 








Austria-Hungary. 


78 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


6 Feb. 
9 Dec, 

9 May, 
/30 Mar., 
121 July, 

30 June 
24 Jan., 

18 June, 
11 Jan., 

14 Mar., 
/21 Dec, 
\22 Dec, 
flO June, 
\11 June, 

8 Dec, 

7 Oct., 

15 Dec, 
14 Jan., 

31 Dec, 
4 Mar., 


1911 
1904 

1909 
1905 
1905 
1892 
1902 

1907 
1910 
1908 
1903 
1903 
1904 
1904 
1908 
1911 
1909 
1905 

1910 
1909 


207 






Bulgaria 


213 
207 
295 

324 
170 
341 

359 

393 
394 
395 
396 

397 
398 


French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 631. 


406 


Egypt 


Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation . 


1 384 
524 








Convention. Copyright. 






French, France Tr. Ill: 116. 


571 


Great Britain 


do 


330 




do . . 


601 


Italy 


Agreement. Commerce 


} 641 

} 

701 


Netherlands 


Exchange of notes. Proroguing agreement of 1903 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 610. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 


Ruxaania 


do 


702 


Russia 8B 




702 


Serb -Croat-Slo- 


Treaty. Commerce 


702 


vene State. S6 
Switzerland 


Agreement. Commerce 


703 


Turkey 


Convftntinn. CoTmnfirne 


703 









85 See p. 757, note 195. 



86 See p. 771, note 197. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
MOROCCO. 



73 



Treaties with- 



No. 



America, United 36 

States of. 1 

Austria-Hung "rySJ I 79 

Belgium | 109 

Denmark i 

I 

France I 

Germany 8s i 



t •; reat Britain i 171 

i 172 
Italy ! 



Netherlands. 
Norway 



bpam 

Sweden 

United States. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Treaty. Peace and friendship [ 16 Sept., 1835 



Treaty. Peace and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

French, B- F. S. P. 101: 283; Danske Tr. (1751-1800): 
268. 
Treaty. Organization of French protectorate 

French, B. F. S. P. 106: 1023; Martens 91: 332; Eng- 
lish, A. J. I. L. Supp. 6: 207. 
Treaty. Commerce , 

English, B. F. S. P. 82: 968; German, Martens 67: 
592: Hdv. 1906: 479. 

General treaty '. , 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and commerce , 

English, B. F. S. P. 98: 975; Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 
II: 552. 
Declaration. Privileges of consuls and subjects , 

French, B. F. S. P. 49: 466. 
Treaty. Peace and commerce 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 283; Norwegian. Norway 
Tr. 1914: 120. 
Treaty. Commerce 

English, B.F.S. P. 53: 1089. 
Treaty. Peace and commerce 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 871. 
See America, United States of. 



19 Mar., 1830 

4 Jan., 1862 

25 July, 1767 

30 Mar., 1912 

1 June, 1890 



9 Dec, 1856 

do 

30 June, 1825 



18 May, 1858 
25 July, 1767 

20 Nov., 1861 
14 May, 1763 



Page. 



207 
251 



330 
332 



MUSCAT. 



America, United 
States of. 

France 

Great Britain 



Netherlands... 
United States. 



296 

173 

withl73 

399 



Treaty. Amity and commerce 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 
Protocol. Duration of treaty of 1891 

Declaration. Commerce 

See America, United States of. 



21 Sept., 1833 



17 Nov., 
19 Mar., 



1844 
1891 



20 Feb., 1892 
r 7 Apr., 1877 
[27 Aug., 1877 



525 
334 
334 

704 



NETHERLANDS. 



America, United 
States of. 



Austria-Hungary 



Belgium. 



38 



Convention. Commerce and navigation. 



80 



110 
with 110 



Brazil. 



Bulgaria. 



Agreement. Trade-marks 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1265. 
Agreement. Trade-marks in Chma 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1273; MacMurray I: 540. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French and German, Martens 63: 706. 
Convention. Commercial travelers' samples 

French and German, Martens 65: 723; B. F. S. P. 
79: 397. 
Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 289. 
Convention. Copyright 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 297. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1863 

Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 295. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 296. 
Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) 

French. B. F. S. P. 75: 322; Martens 60: 373. 
Agreement. Commercial travelers' sam^ples 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 644. 
Agreement. Spirituous Uquors 

French, Martens 93: 309; B. F. S. P. 104: 823; 
Lagemans 17: 240. 
Agreement. Trade-marks 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 83; French 
Martens 58: 192. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Exchange of notes . Commerce 

87 See p. 187, note 20. «» See p, 546, note 128. 



with 214 
214 



26 Aug., 1852 

16 Feb., 1883 
23 Oct., 1905 

26 Mar., 1867 
3 Sept., 1886 

12 Dec, 1888 

17 Apr., 1855 

30 Aug., 1858 

12 May, 1863 
7 Dec, 1865 

25 May, 1866 

22 Oct., 1880 

27 Dec, 1884 

ri2June, 1907 
Ll9July, 1907 
19 July, 1911 

26 July, 1878 



24 June, 1897 
13 Jan., 1906 



208 



252 
252 



406 



74 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
NETHERLANDS— Continued . 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


. Signed. 


Page. 


China 


237 

250 
with25( 


Treaty. Friendship and commerce . . 


6 Oct., 1863 
8 May, 1911 

1 May, 1829 
20 July, 1881 

15 June, 1701 

10 July, 1817 
14 Jan., 1881 
27 Apr., 1852 
29 Mar., 1855 

27 Apr., 1860 

7 July, 1865 
19 Apr., 1884 

/27Jan., 1892 

\28Jan., 1892 

3 Apr., 1897 

13 Aug., 1902 
18 Aug., 1910 

26 May, 1916 

31 Dec, 1851 

16 June, 1856 

11 Jan., 1872 
11 Dec, 1873 

28 Dec, 1881 

5 June, 1901 
11 Feb., 1907 

6 June, 1910 
9 Nov., 1912 

11 May, 1920 

17 Mar., 1824 
27 Oct., 1837 
22 Nov,, 1837 
27 Mar., 1851 

6 Nov., 1856 

2 Nov., 1871 

15 Aug., 1889 

/■15 Aug., 1904 
t 7 Sept., 1904 

r31 Dec, 1910 1 
[27 Jan., 1911 J 

1 


434 


Colombia 


Convention . Consular(Dutchpossessionsand colonies) 
English, MacMurray I: 858; French, Martens 93: 
288; B. F. S. P. 104: 877. 
Treaty. Navigation and commerce 


452 




) Convention. Consuls (Dutch colonies) 


453 


Denmark 


Treaty. Commerce and navigation 








French, B.F.S.P. 4: 960. 
Declaration. Duration of treaty of 1701 . 






French, Lagemans 1: 60; B. F. S. P. 4:959. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 






French, Martens 58: 167. 






297 
298 

325 

........ 



174 
175 
with 175 
with 175 

with 175 


French, France Tr. Ill: 164; B. F. S. P. 41: 900. 
Convention. Copyright 






French, France Tr. Ill: 164. 
Agreement. Additional to convention of 1855 






French, France Tr. Ill: 168. 
Treatv. Commerce and navigation 






French, France Tr. Ill: 169; B. F. S. P. 55: 383. 
Declaration. Consular and copyright 






French, France Tr. Ill: 171; B. F. S. P. 75: 343; 
French and Dutch, Martens 62: 615. 


1 526 




Agreement. Relations in Tunis 




French, France Tr. Ill: 183; B. F. S. P. 89: 1154; 
Clercq 20: 630. 
Convention. Commerce (Dutch colonies) 


526 




Agreement. Customs (Dutch East Indies) 




Germany 


French, France Tr. Ill: 192; B. F. S. P. 103: .542. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 

French, France Tr. Ill: 196. . 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation (Customs union) . . 
Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies and Prussia) . . 

French, Lagemans 4: 279. 
Declaration. Consular (Dutch colonies) . 


572 




French, Lagemans 6: 360. 
Convention. Importation of medicinal products 

French, Martens 51: 227. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 






Dutch and German, Martens 58: 131. 
Agreement. Frontier traffic 






German, B. F. S. P. 94: 593; Martens 79: 573. 
Treaty. Joint-stock companies. . . 






English, B. F. S. P. 101: 340; German, Hdv. 1915: 
74; Martens 86: 729. 
Convention. Spirituous liquors 






German and Dutch, Martens 92: 307. 
Exchange of notes . Commercial travelers' samples . . 
German and French, Martens 94: 902; French, B. 
F. S. P. 106: 1054. 




Great Britain 


German, Staatsbl. 1920, No. 681. 
Treaty. Commerce (East Indies) • 


335 




Treaty. Commerce and navigation . 


336 




Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1837 


337 




Convention. Navigation, additional to treaty of 1837 .. 
Convention. Consular (Colonies) 


335 




English, Hdb. 1912: 624; English and Dutch, B. F. 
S. P. 46: 226. 
Convention. Regulating mutual relations in Sumatra. . 
English, Hdb. 1912: 630; English and Dutch, B. F. 
S. P. 61: 19. 
Convention. Customs regulations, additional to treaty 
of 1837. 


336 

[ 

f 


i 


Enghsh, Hdb. 1912: 633; MacMurray I: 490; Eng- 
Ush and French, B. F. S. P. 97: 672; -Hertslet's 
. China Tr. I: 602. 

E-xchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

English, Hdb. 1912: 635; G. B. T. S. 1911 No. 5, 
Cd.5519; English and French, Martens 92: 850; 
B. F. S. P., 104: 183; Hertslet 26: 786. 



LIST or TREATIES. 

NETHERLANDS— Continued 



75 



Treaties with- 



Greece. 



Guatemala . 

Haiti 

Italy 



No. 



342 
with 342 



Japan. 



Luxemburg. 



Mexico 

Montenegro . 
Morocco 



360 



Description. 



376 



388 ! 
393 ! 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1843 

Declaration. Trade-marks .' 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 637; French, 
Martens 73: 44; B. F. S. P. 87: 787. 
Protocol. Joint-stock companies 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 640; French, 
Martens 84: 349; B. F. S. P. 96: 1273. 

Exchange of notes. Consular jurisdiction 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 643. 

Convention . Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 908. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Haiti Tr. 1891: 216; Martens 60: 162. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article II of treaty of 1883. . 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 634. 
Protocol. Joint-stock companies 

French, B. F. S. P. 61: 1052. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 52: 15; B. F. S. P. 66: 130. 
Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Martens 52: 19; B. F. S. P. 66: 135. 
Declaration . Proroguing treaty of 1863 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 639; Martens 52: 23. 

Exchange of notes . Importation of medicinal products 

French, Martens 91: 874; Italy Tr. 1911, II: 639; 
B. F. S. P. 103: 561. 
Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French. .Japan Tr. 1918: 311; Martens 86: 930; B. F. 
S. P. 101: 1067. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 1000. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Privileges of consuls and subjects 

French, B. F. S. P. 49: 466. 



Signed. 



22 Feb., 1843 
30 Jtme, 1851 
10 May, 1895 



15 Oct., 1903 



3 Mar.. 
24 Mar.; 
12 Apr.; 

7 Mar., 

18 May, 

24 Nov. 
12 Nov. 

11 Apr., 

3 Aug., 
do. 

22 May, 

■ 3 Jan., 

4 Jan., 



1904 
1904 
1904 

1914 

1883 

1863 
1864 



1875 



Page. 



602 
602' 



641 



1876 

1910 
1910 



27 Apr., 1908 



Muscat.. 
Norway. 

Panama. 



Persia. 
Peru . . 



Portugal . 



Rumania . 
Russians . 



399 Declaration. Commerce. 



400 



401 



Serb - Croat - Slo ■ 

vene-State^o 
Siam 



Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 4: 207. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention . Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Martens 94: 515. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 493: Martens 88: 1020; 
Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 79. 
Convention . Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 4: 270. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Lagemans 8: 269. 
with402j Agreement. Commerce, etc. (Timor and Solor) 

402 i Declaration. Commerce 

403 { Convention. Commerce 

404 ' Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

j Declaration. Trade-marks 

! French, Lagemans 8: 286. 
i Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

I French, Lagemans 9: 39. 
i Convention. J oint-stock companies 

I French, B. F. S. P. 105: 760; Martens 93: 890. 
Declaration. Commerce , 



405 
406 



Spain . 



407 
with407 



Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation . 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 6: 250. 

Convention. Spirituous liquors 

French, B. F. S. P. 74: 914; Martens 67: 117. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, Lagemans 6: 354. 
Convention. Consular , 

French, Lagemans 6: 356. 
Convention. Commerce 

French, Lagemans 10: 40. 

Declaration. Commerce a 

Declaration. Modifying declaration of 1892 



6 July, 
1 Nov., 

22 Sept., 
8 Dec, 
18 May, 

/ ' Apr., 
127 Aug., 

10 Sept., 

20 May, 

11 Jan., 

3 July, 
25 Sept., 



1912 
1912 

1897 
1908 

1858 

1877 
1877 
1855 

1912 
1912 

1857 
1907 



669 



ro4 



705 



70& 



3 June, 1856 '. 
IDec, 1880 1. 



10 June, 1893 ; 707 
5 July, 1894 I 707 
15 Mar. 1899 i 708 

13 Sept., 1846 I 70S 
7 Apr., 1880 j 

14 Apr., 1883 i 

29 Sept., 1911 ! 

17 Oct., 1881 • 712 



See p. 757, note 195. 



90 See p. 771, note 197. 



17 Dec, 1860 
1 Apr., 1867 

10 Nov., 1883 

18 Nov., 1871 
18 Nov., 1871 

8 June, 1887 

12 July, 1892 

13 Nov., 1899 , 

Terminated. See Appendix. 



712 



714 

714 



76 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAi:. TREATIES. 
NETHERLANDS— Continued . 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Sweden 


408 


Treaty. Comraerce and navigation . 


25 Sept., 1847 

10 Sept., 1855 

29 Nov., 1856 

26 Feb., 1908 

15 Dec, 1908 
20 Aug., 1909 

19 Aug., 1875 

24 Apr., 1877 

27 May, 1881 

15 Sept., 1680 

25 Feb., 1862 

11 Mar., 1913 


714 







Convention . Consular (Dutch colonies) 






with 408 
409 


French, Lagemans 4: 207; Sweden Tr. 1910: 921, 
Declaration. Coasting trade. .. . 






French, B. F. S. P. 47: 510; Sweden Tr. 1910: 924. 
Convention . Wrecks 






French, B. F. S. P. 102: 718; Martens 89: 217; La- 
gemans 17: 1; Sweden Tr. 1910: 941. 
Convention. Additional to treaty of 1847 


714 


Switzerland 


Protocol. Additional to convention of 15 Dec, 1908 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 721. 
Treaty. Estabhshment and commerce . . 


715 


with 409 


Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1875 


716 




Agreement. Trade-marks 




Turkey 


410 


French, Lagemans 8: 289. 
Capitulations. Commerce 


717 




Treaty. Commerce and navigation 




United States 


French, B. F. S. P. 52: 739; Martens 46 (pt. 2): 280. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 1031. 
See America, United States of. 











NEW ZEALAND.8 



NEWFOUNDLAND.^^ 



NICARAGUA. 



America, United 


63 


Convention. Commercial travelers 


5 Jan., 1920 

10 Sept., 1919 

8 May, 1858 

2 Oct., 1905 

27 Jan., 1902 
4 Feb., 1896 

7 Apr., 1897 

/19 Feb., 1906 
\20 Feb., 1906 

28 June, 1919 
28 July, 1905 

6 May, 1916 

25 Jan., 1906 
6 Nov., 1900 
25 July 1850 




States of. 
Austria 82 


English, Cong. Rec 59: 1536. (Ratification ad- 
vised by U. S. Senate; ratification on part of Nica- 
ragua still pending, 1 Oct., 1921.) 
Treaty of peace .... ... 


176 










299 


French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 263. 
Convention. Con=:u]ar 




France 


French, B. r. S. P. t.8: 397. 
Convention . CommRrcf! 


527 










314 

17G 

361 
389 
411 


German, Hdv. 1906: 492; Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. 
Int. 1913: 27. 
Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1896 






Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913: 45. 


} 

546 




Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913: 46. 
Treatv of peace 


Greajt Britain 


Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Regulation of turtle-fishing industry 


337 


Italy. 


English and Spanish, G. B. T. S. 1917, No. 8, Cd. 8586. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 


642 


Mexico 


693 


Spain 


Treaty. Recognition, peace, and friendship . 


718 


United States 


See America, United States of. 











NORWAY. 



America, United 
States of. 

Argentina 

Austria-Hungary, 



Belgium . 



39 



111 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

do 

do 

Declaration . Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 546; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914: 270. 

Declaration. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, B. F. S. P. 84: 119; French and German, 
Martens 71: 575; Norwegian, Norway Tr.l914: 271. 

Convention: Commerce, etc. (.Congo.) 

lrench,r>.F.S. P. 76: 580: Martens 60: 379 

Treaty . Commerce and navigation 



4 July, 1827 

17 July, 1885 

3 Nov., 1873 

20 Sept. ,1889 



« See p. 290, note 40. 



92 See p. 176, note 16. 



25 Apr., 1892 

10 Feb., 1885 
27 June, 1910 
»3 See p. 546, not* 128. 



146 



173 
209 



252 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

NORWAY— Continued . 



Treaties with — 


No. Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 




215 

238 


Exchange of notes . C ommerce 


30 July, 1908 

20 Mar., 1847 

2 Nov., 1826 


406 




Treaty. ° Peace, amity, and commerce 


435 


Denmark 




494 




Declaration Sound and belt dues 


26 Apr., 1827 









Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 47. 










Declaration . Treatment of vessels 


13 June, 1856 








Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 48. 












16 Apr., 1858 








French, B. F. S. P. 104: 911; Norwegian, Norway 










Tr. 1914: 51. 










"npplnri^tinn AT OfiifvirtP^ trPAtv of lS2fi 


19 Jan., 1865 








French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 631; Norwegian, Norway 










Tr. 1914: 53. 










Declaration Trade-marks 


21 Sept., 1894 






French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 647; Norwegian, Norway 








Tr. 1914: 54. 












1909/1910 








Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 57. 






Fr&nce 


300 
310 


Treaty. Commerce 


30 Dec, 1881 
do 


52 8 




Treaty. Navigation 


540 




with309 




13 Jan., 1892 


528 




and 310 


Declaration . Relations in Tunis 


5 May, 1897 








French, France Tr. Ill: 147; Martens 80: 13; Clercq 


, 








20: 630; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 69. 










Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 


/15Dec., 1900 
\110ct., 1901 


} 






French, France Tr. Ill: 147; B. F. S. P. 95; 1016; 






Martens 80: 633; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 70. 










Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 


f22Jan., 1902 
\22 Mar., 1902 


} 






French, France Tr. Ill: 148; Norwegian, Norway 






Tr. 1914: 71. 










Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 


5 May, 1914 








French, B. F. S. P. 107: 818; Martens 93: 671. 










Agreement. Wine and spirits 


23 Apr., 1921 








French, J. 0. 18 June, 1921: 6958. 






a Arm an V 




Treaty. Commerce and navigation. (Prussia.) 

German Hdv. 1906: 535; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 


14 Mar., 1827 














1914: 263. 











Treaty. Commerce and navigation. (Bremen.) 


IMay, 1841 








German, Hdv. 1906: 550; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 










1914: 2.54. 










Treaty. Commerce and navigation. (Hamburg.) 


IMay, 1841 








German, Hdv. 1906: 553. 










Declaration. Commerce and navigation (Oldenburg). 


1 Apr., 1843 








German, Hdv. 1906: 542. 










Treaty. Commerce. (Meckienburg-Schweiin.) 


10 Oct., 1846 








German, Hdv. 1906: 539. 










Treaty. Commerce and navigation . (Liibeck.) 


14 Sept., 1852 









German, Hdv. 1906: 546; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 










1914: 257. 










Declaration. Coasting trade. (Mecklenburg-Schweriu.) 


riSOct., 1855 
\15Nov., 1855 








Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 261. 






Exchange of notes. Coasting trade. (Liibeck.) 


/13 0ct., 1856 
V210ct., 1856 


} 






Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 260. 








18 Feb., 1859 








German, Hdv. 1906: 538; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 










1914: 263. 










Declaration. Coasting trade. (Oldenburg.) 


12 Apr., 1859 








German, Hdv. 1906: 545; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 262. 


}23 Apr., 1859 


} 






Declaration. Trade-marks 


/19 June, 1872 
\24 June, 1872 


} 






Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 251. 


Great Britain 




Declaration . Commerce 


16 July, 1824 









French, Hdb. 1912: 647; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 219. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation .. 






1% 


18 Mar., 1826 


363 




Exchange of notes . Coasting trade 


/31 Mar., 1854 
\ 4 Sept., 1854 


} 






Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 227. 








13 Oct., 1883 






French, Hdb. 1912: 931; B. F. S. P. 74: 85. 








Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 


/16 Nov., 1905 
123 Nov., 1905 


} 






and Norway. 






Enghsh, Hdb. 1912: 649; B. F. S. P. 98: 833. 








withl96 


Convention. AppHcation to certain British colonies 

of convention of IS Mar., 1826. 
Agreement. Suppression of capitulations in Egypt .... 

English and French, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 10., Cmd. 

1285. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


16 May, 1913 
22 Apr., 1921 


365 










Greece 


."^48 


27 Oct., 1852 
2 Mar., 1893 


609 


Iwith348 


Declaration. Modifying treaty of 1852 


609 



78 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
NORWAY— Continued. 



Treaties with- 
Italy 



Japan. 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 



No. 



Mexico 

Morocco 

Netherlands. 



Persia . . . 
Portugal 



Rumania. 
Russia 84 . . 



Serb - Croat - Slo- 
vene State. 95 



Siam. 



Spain . . . 
Sweden . 



Switzerland. 
Turkey 



United States. 



377 

378 
387 



392 



400 
421 



453 



413 
414 



416 



Description. 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article XIII of treatv of 
1862. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 870; Sweden Tr. 1910; 
839, Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 91. 
Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 629; Martens 72: 535. 
Exchan':e of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 299. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Customs 

Treaty. Comniierce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 623; Martens 92; 908; Nor- 
wegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 119. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Amending treaty of 1885 

French, Martens 63: 681. 

Treaty. Peace and commer.e 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 283; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914: 120. 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 4: 207. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

French, State Department dispatch No .1794, Chris- 
tiania. 1 Apr., 1921; French and English, L. N. T 
S. 2:237. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 81: 578; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 180. 

Declaration. Commerce and navigation 

French, Martens 90; 461; Norwegian, Norwav Tr. 
1914: 185. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Spirituous liquors 

English, B.'F. S. P. 74: 878. 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco . 
English, B.F.S.P.109; 986. 

Convention. Transit 

Convention. Lakes and waters in common 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Treatv. Friendship, navigation and commerce 

Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 54: 1043. 
Protocol. Property 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 246. 
Protocol. Most-favored-nation treatment 

See America, United States of. 



Signed. 



14 July, 1862 
7 June, 1877 



30 Nov., 1905 
19 Dec, 1905 



19 Jan., 1906 



Page. 



16 June, 1911 ] 671 

...do 1 673 

1 Sept., 1863 i 690 
1 Mav, 1911 



29 July, 1885 
15 Dec, 1885 

25 July, 1767 



10 Sept., 1855 

20 Mav, 1912 
17 Nov., 1857 
14 Oct., 1920 



31 Mar., 1910 
22 Aug., 1903 



9 Mar., 1909 

18 Mav, 1868 
16 July, 1883 

9 Mar., 1915 

26 Oct., 1905 

....do 

' 5 May, 1906 
^28 May, 1906 
14 Oct., 1756 

13 June, 1868 

13 June, 1907 



705 

728 



720 



721 

722 

723 



723 



PANAMA. 



America, United 
States of. 



France »« 


246 


Germanv ^^ 

Italy 96 


31i 
248 


Netherlands. . . . 




Spain 




United States.... 





40 



Convention. Ship canal 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1349; B. F. S. P. 96: 553; 
Martens 81: 599; Staatsarchiv. 69: 313; A.J, 1. L. 
Supp. 3: 130. 

Convention. Commercial travelers 

Exchange of notes. Declarations of shippers regarding 
value of merchandise. 
EngUsh, U. S. T. S. No. 578; B. F. S. P. 107: 1089. 

Convention. Gold clearance fund 

English^ International High Commission, 1919. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Friendship , eo mmerce , and navigation 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Martens 94: 515. 

Convention. Copyright 

English, B. F. S. P. 107: 1086. 
See America, United States of. 



18 Nov. 


,1903 




8 Feb., 
17 Apr. 


1919 
1913 


147 


lu Jan., 


1920 




30 May, 
28 June 
27 Oct., 
11 Jan., 


1892 
1919 
1892 
1912 


446 
546 
449 


25 July, 


1912 





9^ See p. 757, note 195. 
95 See p. 771, note 197. 



96 Concluded with Colombia. 

97 See p. 546, note 128. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
PARAGUAY. 



79 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


America, United 


41 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


4 Feb., 1859 

20 Oct., 1919 

7 Nov., 1919 

14 Mar., 1877 

30 May, 1908 

15 Feb., 1894 
9 Jan., 1872 

22 Nov., 1886 

18 July, 1903 

21 July, 1892 

21 July, 1887 

16 Oct., 1884 

19 July, 1890 

14 May, 1908 

22 Aug., 1893 
10 Sept., 1880 

20 Apr., 1883 


148 


States of. 


Convention. Commercial travelers 






English, Cong. Rec. 59: 2302. ( Ratification advised 
bv U. S. Senate: ratification on part of Paraguay 
still pending. 1 Oct., 1921.) 
Convention. Gold clearance fund 




Argentina 


English, International High Commission, 1919. 
(Not yet ratified by either country, 1 Oct., 1921.) 
Convention. Consular 






112 


English, B. F. S. P. 70: 559; Spanish, Martens 62: 
466; Argentina Tr. 9: 219. 
Convention. Cattle trade.. 




Belgium 


Spanish, Martens 91: 613. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 


255 


Brazil 


Treatv. Peace and amitv 






Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 83; Spanish, 
Martens 54: 568. 
Agreement. Commerce and coasting trade 




Denmark 




Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 139; Spanish 
Martens 68: 546. 
Convention, Consular 




France 


301 
326 
177 

withl77 

362 

417! 


Spanish, Martens 84: 328. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 


529 


Germanv 


Treatv. Commerce 


573 


Great Britain 

Italy 


Treaty. Friendship, commerce , and navigation 

Agreement. Accession of certain British colonies to 

treaty of 1884. 
English, Hdb. 1912: 659. 
Declaration. Application to certain British colonies 

oftreatyofl884. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and na^^gation 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 


339 

341 
645 


Spain 


724 


United States 


See America, United States of. 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and recognition of debt 




Uruguay 


418 


725 



PERSIA. 



America, United 
States of. 

Argentina 

Austria-Hungary 

Belgium 

Chile 

Denmark 

France 

Germany 

Great Britain.. 



Greece. 
Italy... 



Mexico 

Netherlands. 

Norway 

Russians 



Spain . 



Sweden 

Switzerland . . . 
United States . 



42 

60 
82 
113 
225 
268 
302 
327 
178 
179 

with 179 
343 
363 

with 363 
390 
401 
421 
419 

with 419 



420 
with 420 
421 
422 



Treaty. Friendship and commerce . 
do 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and friendship 

Treaty'. Friendship and commerce 

do 

do 

do 

Treaty. Peace, commerce, etc 

Convention. Commerce 

Agreement. Modifying convention of 1903 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Articles. Additional to treaty of 1862 

Treatv. Friendship and commerce 

do 

do : 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty of friendship 

English, Soviet Russia, 30 Apr., 1921, 436; French, 
L'Europe Nouvelle, 28 Mav 1921: 700. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

do 

do 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

See America, United States of. 



13 Dec, 1856 



27 July, 
17 May, 
31 July, 
30 Mar., 
30 Nov., 
12 July, 
11 June, 

4 Mar., 
9 Feb., 

21 Mar., 

28 Oct., 
24 Sept., 

29 Sept., 
14 May, 

3 July, 
17 Nov., 

22 Feb., 
9 Nov., 

26 Feb., 



1902 
1857 
1857 
1903 
1857 
1855 



172 
210 
255 

418 
485 
529 
1873 1 574 
1857 I 342 



1903 
1920 
1861 
1862 
1862 
1902 
1857 
1857 
1828 
1901 
1921 



4 Mar., 1842 

9 Feb., 1870 

17 Nov., 1857 

23 July, 1873 



342 
342 
604 
647 
647 
695 
706 
728 
726 
726 



727 
727 
728 
729 



PERU. 




98 See p. 7.57, note 195. 



Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916; No. 17; Martens 62: 
452. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 804; B. F. S. P. 99: 873; 
Martens 88: 913. 



5 May, 1874 
18 July, 1906 



80 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
PERU— Continued. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Bolivia 




Brazil 


133 
134 


China 


239 
with 239 
with 239 


Colombia 


France 




Germany °o. .. 




Great Britain 

Italy 


314 
180 
384 

379 


Japan 


Netherlands 


Russia 100 




Spain 


423 
with423 





Description. 



Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 12. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs 

Convention. Transit trade 

Agreement. Navigation of River Putumayo 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 70. 
Agreement. Navigation of River Yapura 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 362. 
Treaty. Boundaries, commerce, and navigation 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 373. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Protocol. Duration of treaty of 1874 

Protocol. Chinese immigrants 

Convention. Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 60: 3^3: Spanish, I'eru Tr. 3: 
291: Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 10; Colombia Tr. 
Pub. 1: 75. 
Protocol. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 212; Spanish, Peru Act. 
Int. 1916, No. 22. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. Ill- 213: B. F. S. P. 88: 449; 
Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 42. 
Convention. Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 89: 1119. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Friendship^ commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Consular 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 105: 978; ItaUan and Spanish, 
Martens 94: 764. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 493; Martens 88: 1020; Span- 
ish, Peru, Act. Int. 1916, No. 79. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, Martens 52: 577. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1879 ... .• ' 



Signed. 



Page. 



July, 1870 i. 



27 Nov., 1905 i 282 
21 Jan., 1917 | 282 
29 Sept., 1876 ! 

15 Apr., 1908 ' 



8 Sept., 1909 I 

26 June, 1874 ! 436 

17 Aug., 1909 436 

28 Aug., 1909 438 

20 Jan., 1870 



7 Dec, 1878 !. 



16 Oct., 1896 



28 June, 1897 

28 June, 1919 

10 Apr., 1850 
23 Dec, 1874 

11 June, 1907 



20 Mar., 1895 674 
25 Sept., 1907 



546 
344 
648 



16 May, 1874 

14 Aug., 1879 
16 July, 1897 



731 

731 



POLAND. 



(Principal) Allied 
and Associated 
Powers. 

Austria 



Danzig. . . 
Germany. 
Hungary. 



Rumania . 



Russia. 



424 



259 
311 



Treaty. Peace settlement 

Treaty. Commerce 

German, State Department dispatch No. 186, 
Vienna, 31 May, 1921. 

Treaty. Relations bet veen Poland and Danzig 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Commerce 

English (transl.). State Department dispatch No. 
1210, Budapest, 22 Apr., 1921 

Treaty. Commerce 

English (transl.). State Department dispatch 
No. 875, Warsaw, 5 Aug., 1921. j 

Treaty. Political and economic (signed also by 18 Mar., 1921 
Ukraine). i 

French, L' Europe Nouvelle, 30 Apr., 1921: 568. I 



28 June, 1919 



17 Mar., 1920 



9 Nov., 1920 
28 June, 1919 
11 Feb., 1921 



IJuly, 1921 



733 



472 
546 



PORTUGAL. 



Argentina 

Austria-Hungary . 
Belgium 



83 



Convention . Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 69: 346; Spanish, Argentina 
Tr. 9: 392; Martens 62: 9. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 51: 467. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 318. 
Article. Additional to convention of 1866 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 324. 



24 Dec, 1878 



9 Jan., 1873 

8 July, 1911 
11 Oct., 1866 

7 Jan., 1880 



99 See p. 546, note 128. 



See p. 757, note 195, 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

PORTUGAL— Continued . 



81 



Treaties with— | No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Belgium (contd.) 


Convention. Consular 


10 Nov., 1880 
27 June, 1881 
31 Mar., 1882 
14 Feb., 1885 

11 Dec, 1897 
29 Oct., 1879 

4 June, 1910 
26 Mar., 1887. 

1 Dec, 1887 
. do 




French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 311. 
Declaration . Concerning convention of 1880 




1 


French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 317. 
Protocol. Modifying convention of 1880. . 






French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 317. 
Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) . 




114 


French, B. F. .^. P. 76: 583; Martens60: 38. 
Declaration. Commerce . . . 


257 


Brazil 


Declaration . Trade-marks 




Bulgaria 


Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 93; Martens 62; 
541. 
Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation. 




China ' 


French, B. F. S. P. 103: 398; Martens 92; 305. 
Protocol. Mutual relations 


. . . 


i 

240 


Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 78: 520; Martens 68; 635; Herts- 
let's China Tr. I: 422. 
Treatv. Friendship and commerce 




438 


- - 


Convention. Opium trade (Macao) 






251 

with 251 

269 


English, B. F. S. P. 78: 531; Martens 68: 798; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 434. 
Agreement. Collection of duties on opium 


do 






English, B. F. S. P. 78: 532; Martens 68; 799; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 435. 
Supnlementary convention. Commerce 


15 Oct., 1902 

27 Jan., 1903 

11 Nov., 1904 

9 Apr., 1857 

24 Aug., 1865 

14 Dec, 1896 

IMay, 1883 

11 July, 1866 

do 






English, MacMurray I: 370. 
Additional convention. Customshouse at Macao 

English, MacMurray I: 385, 
Treatv. Commerce (unratified) 




Colombia 


English, MacMurray I: 371. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, navigation, and extra- 
dition. 
Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1857 


454 
456 


Denmark 


Declaration. Commerce 


486 


Dominican Re- 


Convention. Consular 




public 
France 


Spanish, Martens 64: 38; English, B. F. S. P. 74: 118. 






303 

328 
314 


French, France Tr. Ill: 225; B. F. S. P. 57: 124. 
Convention. Copyright... . 






French, France Tr. Ill: 235. 
Exchange of notes. Commerce 


17 Feb., 1911 
6 Apr., 1916 

8 June, 1920 

30 Nov., 1908 
28 Juno, 1919 

6 Jan., 1880 

18 Dec, 1901 

/ 4 Aug., 1904 
\ 8 Aug., 1904 

7 Mar., 1907 

/ 5 July, 1907 

t 8 July, 1907 

1 Apr., 1909 

14 June, 1913 

12 Aug., 1914 
30 Sept., 1868 

12 May, 1906 

9 May, 1911 

8 July, 1914 


530 




Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco . 

French, France Tr. Ill; 254. 
Convention. Commerce . . . 




Germany 101 


French, D. G. 14 June, 1920: 818. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


576 




Treatv of peace 


546 


Great Britain 


Declaration . Trade-marks . . 






181 


English, Hdb. 1912: 709. 
Agreement. Tariff, etc. (South Africa and Mozam- 
bique.) 
EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 95: 931. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 




} 




English, B. F. S. P. 97: 674; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
600; MacMurray I: 489. 
Note. Consular jurisdiction (Zanzibar) 




English, Martens 93: 242. 
Exchange of notes . Patents in Morocco . 




346 




French, Hdb. 1912: 711. 
Convention between the governor of Transvaal and the 
Portuguese province of Mozambique. 
English, Hdb. 1912: 712; B. F. S. P. 102: 110; ilar- 
tens 89: 885. 

Agreement. Opium trade (Hongkong and Macao) 

English, G. B. T. 1913, No. 11, Cd. 7052: MacMur- 
ray II: 944; Hertslet 27: 1018; B. F. S. P. 106: 811; 
English and Portagaese, Martens 93; 492. 
Treaty . Commerce and navigation 


;i.!y 


Convention. Consular 






365 


Italian, Martens 54: 308: English, B. F. S. P. 58: 36. 
Exchange of notes. Copyright 






EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 101: 378; Italian and Portu- 
guese, Martens 85: 230. 

Agreement. Commerce, customs, and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Italy Tr. Appendix I: 1914; 43; B. F. S. P. 
107: 933. 


649 



■^■^c p. 546, note 128. 



82 



HAN"DBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
PORTUGAL— Continued . 




Netherlands 



Norway 



Russia 102 




Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

i-rench, Lagemans4: 270. 

Convention. Consular , 

French, Lagemans 8: 269. 

A greement. Commerce, etc. (Timor and Solor) 

Declaration. Commerce 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

French, State Department dispatch No. 1794, Chris- 
tiana, 1 Apr., 1921; French and English, L. N. T. 
S. 2: 237 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Modifying treaty of 1895 

Convention. Commerce ' 



Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Spirituous liquors i 

French, Martens 64: 54; B. F. S. P. 74: 880. 
Agreement. Fisheries 

Spanish, Martens 64: 77. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation o 

Exchange of notes. Consular matters 

Spanish, Martens 84: 333. 

Declaration. Commerce , 

Declaration. Trade-marks , 

French, Martens 64: 35. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 64: 56. 

Convention. Commerce , 

Declaration. Additioual to conventioa of 1905 

Declaration. Commerce , 

French, Martens 74: 49. 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce , 



. 3 June, 1856 

1 Dec, 1880 

10 June, 1893 
5 July, 1894 
14 Oct., 1920 



9Julv, 1895 
12 Nov., 1906 
3 Sept., 1910 

10 Feb., 1859 
14 May, 1883 

2 Oct., 1882 

27 Mar., 1893 
7 July, 1903 

16 Apr., 1904 
25 Sept., 1882 

27 Aug., 1883 

20 Dec, 1905 

28 Jan., 1907 

11 Jan., 1890 

25 Oct., 1879 



735 
737 
.738 

739 



741 



744 
744 



RUMANIA. 



(Principal) Allied 
and Associated 
Powers. 

America, United 
States of. 



Austriaio^ 

Austria-Hung, los 



431 



Belgium. 



Bulgaria "s. 
Czechoslova 



Denmark . 
France... 



63 



84 



with 84 



216 

210 



270 



304 



Treaty. Vessels, commerce, transit, etc. 



Convention. Consular 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1505; Martens 64: 112. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

English, U.S.Tr. II: 1510: Martens 85- 204; French, 
B. F. S.P.lOl: 579. 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement . Commerce 

French and German, Bundesgbl. No. 40. 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 77: 197; B. F. S. P. 85: 752. 
Convention. Copyright 

French and German, Martens 89: 223; French, 
B.F. S. P. 101: 669. 
Exchange of notes. Copyright 

French and German, Martens 89: 226. 

Convention. Additional to convention of 1893 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 334. 
Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 339. 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Martens 92: 481; B. F. S. P. 103: 383; 
Staatsarchiv.81: 181. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty of peace 

Agreement. Commerce 

Enfi;lish (transl.). State Department dispatch No. 
523, Prague, 10 June, 1921. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. Ill: 255. 
Agreement . Certificates of origin 

French, France Tr. Ill: 257; B. F. S. P. 87: 510. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 



9 Dec, 1919 

17 June, 1881 
31 Mar., 1906 



10 Sept., 1919 
14 Aug., 1920 

21 Dec, 1893 
28, Tan., 1893 

2 Mar., 1908 



r 7 Mar., 1908 
[16 Mar., 1908 
23 Apr., 1909 
12 Jan., 1881 

8 Mar., 1881 

5 June, 1906 
10 Apr., 1910 



3 Dec, 1907 
27 Nov., 1919 
23 Apr., 1921 



11 Apr., 1910 

12 Apr., 1889 

11 Mar., 1895 
6 Mar., 1907 



176 
213 



213 



256 



407 
391 



487 



531 



102 See p. 757, note 195. 

103 Seep. 771, note 197. 
io<^ee p. 176, note 16. 



105 See p. 187, note 20. 

106 See p. 391, note 82. 

o Terminated 30 Sept., 1913. 



LIST OF THEATIES. 

RUMANIA— Continued . 



83 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



France... 
Germany ' 



Great Britain. 



Greece . 
Italy... 



Montenegro . 
Netherlands. 

Norway 

Poland 



with 329 
329 

with 329 
311 



182 
344 



366 



394 
403 
412 



Russia 108 

Serb -Croat -Slo- 
vene State.109 
Spain 



Sweden 

Switzerland. 



Turkey 

United States. 



433 

434 

with 434 

435 

436 

with 436 



Agreement . Copyright and industrial property 

French, France Tr. Ill: 272; B. F. S. P. 101: 326. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial conpanies 

Treaty. Commerce, customs, and naAdgation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1893 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Trade-marks 

English, Hdb. 1912: 725. 
Convention . F alse indications of origin 

English, Hdb. 1912: 727. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 81: 563. 

Treaty. Commerce, customs, and navigation o. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Martens 85: 554. 
'Exchange of notes. Importation of Italian olive oil . . 
, French, Ivlartens 91: 870. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce 

English (transl.), State Department dispatch, 
No. 875, Warsaw, 5 Aug., 1921. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce 



^....do... 

Exchange of notes. Relative to convention of 1908. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1893 

Treaty. Commerce 

French, Martens 80: 590; B. F. S. P. 94: 604. 
See America, United States of. 



Mar., 1907 



Oct., 
Oct., 
Oct., 
Oct., 
June, 
May, 

Apr., 

Oct. 



1893 
1894 
1893 
1904 
1919 
1892 



6 .Tune, 



Dec, 
..do. 



1905 
1914 
1903 



Jan., 
Feb., 
Oct., 
Mar., 
Mar., 
July, 



Mar., 
Jan., 



1910 
1910 
1911 
1899 
1910 
1921 



1906 
1907 



1 Dec, 1908 

/14 Feb., 1909 

\18 Feb., 1909 

3 Mar., 1910 

3 Mar., 1893 

29 Dec, 1904 

12 Aug., 1901 



580 

580 
580 
546 



348 
605 



650 



702 
708 
720 



747 
750 

753 
753 
754 
755 
755 



RUSSIA. 



America, United 
States of. 



Austria-Hungary, 
Belgium 



Bulgaria. 
China — 



85 
116 



217 



Agreement . Joint-stock companies 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. II: 1534; French, Martens 82: 
371; Descamps et Renault 1904: 992; Staatsarchiv 
74: 173. 

Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. II: 1535; EngUsh and French, 
Martens 93: 392. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 91: 505. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

do 



Declaration . Joint-stock companies 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 350. 
Declaration . Trade-marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 351. 
Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 1010; Martens60: 378. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

French, B. F. S. P. 105; 791; Martens 93: 393; 
MacMurray I: 608. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Peace, boundary, etc 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 437; Martens 46 
(pt. 2): 173. 

Treaty. Peace, boundaries, etc 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 439; Martens 25: 
711. 

Treaty. Commerce, etc. (Hi and Tarbagatai) 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 449; Martens 46 
(pt. 2): 176; B. F. S. P. 53: 961. 
Treaty. Riverain trade, etc. (Usuri, Amur, Sungari) . . 
French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 454. 

Treaty. Commerce, etc 

French, B. F. S. P. 53: 966; Martens 45 (pt. 2): 128; 
Hertslet's China Tr. 1:455. 



25 June, 1904 



28 Jjme, 1906 



5 Feb., 1874 

15 Feb., 1906 

9 June, 1858 

20 Dec, 1865 

29 Jan., 1881 

5 Feb., 1885 

12 Oct., 1906 
15 Oct., 1906 



8 Mar., 1905 
1689 

21 Oct., 1727 

25 July, 1851 

16 May, 1858 
13 June, 1858 



107 See p. 546, note 128. 
i«« See p. 757, note 195. 



109 See p. 771, note 197. 
a Terminated. See Appendix. 



215 
257 



409 



54088—22- 



84 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

RUSSIAi«8— Continued. 



Treaties with— 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. Page 



Cliina (contd.). 



Denmark. 



271 



Egypt.. 
Finland. 
France.. 



German 3' 



Great Britain. 



208 

286 



330 

with 330 



331 



183 



Treaty. Additional to treaty of 13 June, 1858 

French, B. F. S. P. 53: 970; Hertslet'sChinaTr. I: 



Convention. Overland trade 

EngUsh, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 478. 

Treatj''. Commerce, frontier trade, etc 

French,B.F.S.P.72: 1143; Martens58: 221; Hert- 
slet's China Tr. I: 483. 

Agreement. Manchuria 

English, Pari. Papers 1904 (Cd. 1936), 110: 121, 
36; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 509; Rockhill: 99; 
MacMurray I: 326. 

Exchange of notes. Imports into Manchuria 

EngUsh, MacMurray I: 650. 

Regulations. Customs, Manchuria, etc 

English, MacMurray I: 651. 

Declaration. Mongolia 

English, MacMurray II: 1066; French, Martens 93: 
145; B. F. S. P. 107: 732. 
Agreement. Interpretation of dut\ -free list in treaty of 
1881. 
English, MacMurray II; 1191. 
Convention. Mongolia. (Signed also bv Mongolia.) — 
English,MacMurray II: 1239; A. J. I. L. Supp. 10: 251 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Industrial models 

French, B. F. S. P. 99: 1037; Martens 84: 699. 

Convention. Property 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 744. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, B. F. S. P. 109; 914. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 274; B. F. S. P. 65: 262. 

Convention. Succession to property 

French, France Tr. Ill: 280; B. F. S. P. 65: 269. 

Declaration. Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. Ill: 288; B. F. S. P. 88: 742; 
Martens 73: 385; Clercq 20: 627. 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, MacMurray II: 611. 

Convention. Copvright 

French, France Tr. Ill: 294; B. F. S. P. 105: 617; 
Martens 94: 300. 
Declaration. Renunciation by Russia of capitulations 
in Morocco. 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 821; Martens 93: 324. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 51: 602. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 51: 233. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1894 

Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 789; English, MacMurray I: 
614. 
Agreement. German import duties on Russian sugar. . 
French, B. F. S. P. 102: 928; French and German, 
Martens 86: 884. 

Convention. Copyright 

French and German, Martens 94: 458. 

Agreement. Trade 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

English, Hdb. 1912: 753. 

Agreement. Commerce (Zanzibar) 

Agreement. Joint-stock companies 

French, Hdb. 1912: 7.56; B. F. S. P. 97: 79; Mar- 
tens 82: 382; Hertslet 24: 966. 



Exchange of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, MacMurray I: 610; B. F. S. P. 99: 928; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 617. 

Exchange of notes. Consular jurisdiction (Zanzibar) . . 

English, Martens 93: 243; B. F. S. P. 101: 237. 

Conv ention. Persia , Afghanistan and Tibet 

English, MacMurray I: 674. 
Exchange of notes. Trade-marks and patents in Mo- 
rocco. 
French, Hdb. 1912: 758; B. F. S. P. 101: 201; Mar- 
tens 88: 865. 



14 Nov., 1860 

27 Apr., 1869 
24 Feb., 1881 

8 Apr., 1902 

15 July, 1907 
30 May, 1908 

5 Nov., 1913 

4 Mar., 1915 

7 June, 1915 

2 Mar., 1895 
13 Sept., 1906 

5 May, 1913 
18 Feb., 1915 

13 Mar., 1909 

14 Oct., 1920 
1 Apr., 1874 

do 

14 Oct., 1896 

30 Nov., 1906 
29 Nov., 1911 

28 .Tan., 1914 

23 July, 1873 

8 Dec, 1874 

10 Feb., 1894 
28 July, 1904 

1 Feb., 1907 

20 Jan., 1908 

28 Feb., 1913 

6 May, 1921 

11 July, 1871 

24 Aug., 1896 

29 Dec. 1904 



29 Oct., 1906 

30 Oct., 1906 



/ 4 July, 1907 
\ 5 July, 1907 

31 Aug., 1907 

11 Oct.. 1908 



488 



385 
511 



583 
583 



587 
351 



los See p. 767, note 195. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
RUSSIA'««— Continued . 



85 



Treaties with- 



Great B ri t 
(continued 



Greece . 



ain 

)• 



No. 



Description. 



Italy 



Tapan . 



380 



Latvia 

Luxemburg. 



Mexico... 
Mongolia. 



Montenegro . 
Netherlands, 



Norway. 
Persia... 



Peru. 



Agreement. Certificates of origin 

EngUsh, G. B. T. S. 1915, No. 8,Cd.8011. 

184 Agreement. Trade 

345 Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

th 345 Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1850 

Agreement. .Toiut-stock companies 

j French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 701. 

.1 Convention. Consular 

j French, Martens 51: 395. 

i DeclaratioTi. Trademarks 

i French. Martens 68: 215; B. F. S. P. 101: 391. 

Exchans:e of notes. Trade-marks in China 

English, MacMurrav I: 609; French, Martens 93: 
394. 

Treaty. Comm.erce and navigation 

French, B. F. S. P. 101: 391; Martens 86: 835. 
Exchange of notes. Additional to treaty of 1907, Clas- 
sification of mineral oils. 
French, Italv Tr. Appendix 1, 1914: 47; B. F. S. P. 
107: 937. 

Treaty of peace 

French and Enehsh, Japan Tr. 1918: 344; Mar- 
tens 83: 3; Enehsh, MacMurrav I: 522; French, 
B. F. S. P. 98: 73.5. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Fisheries 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 381; B. F. S. P. 101: 453; 
Martens 86: 861. 

Convention. Integrit v of China, etc 

French, .Japan Tr. 1918: 393; B. F. S. P. 101: 462; 
Martens 88; 7; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 619; English, 
MacMurray I: 657. 

Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 378; B. F. S. P. 103: 587. 

Convention . Manchuria 

Enelish. MacMurrav I: 803; B. F. S. P. 103: 586; 
Martens 88: 753; French, Japan Tr. 1918: 394. 

Arrangement. Joint-stock companies 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 380; B. F. S. P. 105: 713; 
Martens 92: 910. 

Convention. Industrial property 

French, Japan Tr. 1918: 408; B. F. S. P. 105: 715; 
Martens 93: 597. 

Convention. Industrial property in Chiua 

Enghsh, MacMurray I: 899; French, B. F. S. P. 105: 
717; Martens 93: 600; Japan Tr. 1918: 411. 

Convention. Manchurian Railway 

English, MacMurrav I: 646; French, B. F. S. P. 105: 
7i9: Martens 92; 651. 

Treaty of peace 

Russian and Lettish, L. N. T. S. 2: 195. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 94: 834. 

Convention . Commerce and coasting trade 

Agreement . Friendship and commerce 

Enghsh, MacMurray II: 992; English and French, 
Martens 93: 633: Gennan (transl.). Martens 92: 
11; French, B. F. S. P. 105: 398. 

Agreement. Railroads in Mongolia 

Enghsh, MacMurray II: 1178. 
Convention. Outer Mongoha (signed also bv China) . . . 
English, I-IacMurray II: 12;S9. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Lagemans 8: 286. 

• Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 9: 39. 

Convention. Joint-stock companies 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 760; Martens 93; 890. 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 81: 578; Norwegian, Norwav Tr. 
1914: 180. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty of friendship 

Enghsh, Soviet Russia, 30 Apr., 1921: 436; French, 
L'Eiirope Xouvelle, 28 May, 1921: 700. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, Martens 52: 577. 



Signed. 



Page, 



391 



395 

404 



419 
with 419 



16 July, 1915 

16 Mar., 1921 I 351 

24 June, 1850 605 

6 Oct., 1850 605 

26 Dec, 1887 

28 Apr., 1875 

9May, 1891 ! 

16 Oct., 1906 I 

28 June, 1907 676 
4 Jan., 19U 



5 Sept., 1905 



28Julv, 1907 
do 



30 July, 1907 

12 Jan., 1910 
4 July, 1910 

23 June, 1911 

23 June, 1911 

do 

14 Aug., 1911 

11 Aug., 1920 
14 Sept., 1911 

2 Oct., 1909 

3 Nov.. 1912 



30 Sept., 1914 
7 June, 1915 

15 Dec, 1909 

13 Sept., 1846 
7 Apr., 1880 

14 Apr., 1883 
29 Sept., 1911 
22 Aug., 1903 



702 

708 



22 Feb., 1828 

9 Nov., 1901 

26 Feb., 1921 



726 
726 



16 May, 1874 



108 See p. 757, note 19-] 



86 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
RUSSIA 108— Continued. 



Treaties with — 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


Poland 




Treaty. Political and economic (signed also by 
Ukraine). 
French, L'Europe Nouvelle, 30 Apr., 1921: 568. 
Treaty. OoTriTneme and navigation 


18 Mar., 1921 

9 July, 1895 
12 Nov., 1906 

9 Mar., 1906 
28 Feb., 1907 

23 June, 1899 
23 Feb., 1876 

6 Feb., 1895 
14 Feb., 1912 
17 May, 1915 

8 May, 1838 
28 Mar., 1845 

26 Oct., 1901 

9 Aug., 1906 
5 Feb., 1908 

10 Nov., 1909 

11 Jan., 1913 

26 Dec, 1872 
1 May, 1893 

19 Oct., 1903 

21 June, 1783 
25 Apr., 1907 






425 

432 

437 

438 


736 




Exchange of notes. Modifying treaty of 1895 . 




Rumania . . . . 


French, B. F. S. P. 101: 548; Martens 85: 545. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 


747 


Serb-Croat Slo- 


Treaty. Comm eroe and navigation 


757 


vene State. "9 
Siam 


Declaration. Jurisdiction, commerce, and navigation . . 
Convention. Consular . 


761 


Spain 






439 
with 439 

440 
441 

442 
443 


French, Martens 52: 555. 
Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation . 


761 


Sweden 


Declaration. Most-favored-nation treatment of ships. . . 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco . 

French, B. F. S. P. 109: 1011. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


761 

762 




Declaration. Additional to tr'eaty of 1838 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910; 973. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 






French, B. F. S. P. 95: 951; Martens 80: 606; Sweden 
Tr. 1910: 993. 
Convention. Commerce 


762 




Agreement. Swedish import d uties on Russian sugar . . 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 929; Martens 87: 852. 
Declaration. Most-favored-nation treatment to con- 
sular officers. 
French, B. F. S. P. 102: 795; Martens 90: 606; 
Sweden Tr. 1910: 1002. 
Convention. Industrial property in China 




Switzerland . 


English, MacMurray II: 997. 


763 




Convention. Trade-marks 






French, B. F. S. P. 92: 153; French and German, 
Martens 79: 390. 
Declaration. Jotat-stock companies 




Turkey 


French, B. F. S. P. 96: 855; Martens 81: 598. 
Convention. Commerce and navigation 


765 








United States 


French, B. F. S. P. 100: 575; Martens 86: 790; 
Hertslet 25: 1178. 
See America, United States of. 











SALVADOR. 



America, United 
States of. 

Belgium 

Colombia 



Ecuador. 
France. . 



Germany. 

Honduras. 
Italy 



Spain . 



Switzerland... 
United States . 
Venezuela 



43 Convention. Commercial travelers 28 Jan., 1919 



117 



305 



354 
367 



with367 
444 



445 

'446' 



Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Copyright 

Spanish, Martens 64: 208. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

English, Martens 74: 16; B. F. S. P. 82: 686. 
Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. Ill: 304; B. F. S. P. 69: 580. 
Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. Ill: 313. 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention . Industrial property 

French, France Tr. Ill: 319; B. F. S. P. 100: 922. 
Treaty. Commerce 

English, B. F. S. P. 101: 940. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Consular ^ . . . 

Italian, Martens 56: 666; EngUsh B. F. S. P. 6 
1331. 

Exchange of notes. Renewing treaty of 1860 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Convention. Copyright 

Spanish, Martens 64: 236. 
Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Martens 64: 257. 

Treaty. Establishment and commerce 

See America, United States of. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Martens 64: 224. 



Mar., 
Feb., 

Mar., 

June, 

June, 

Jan., 
Aug., 



1906 

1882 

1890 

1878 

1880 

1901 
1903 



24 

14 Apr., 1908 



Feb., 
Oct., 
Jan., 



27 



' Jan., 
Jan., 
Jime, 
June, 

Mar., 

Oct., 

Aug., 
..do.. 



1918 
1860 
1876 



1911 
1911 
1865 

1884 

1885 
1883 
1883 



151 
260 



533 



621 
653 



} 653 

766 



767 
768 



108 See p. 757, note 195. 



109 See p. 771, note 197. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
SAN MARINO. 



87 



Treaties with — 



Italy. 



No. 



Description. 



Convention. Friendship, etc 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 778. 
Declaration. Additional to convention of 1897 

English, B. F. S. P. 95: 1023; Italian, Italy Tr. 1911 
II: 788. 
Convention. Additional to convention of 1897 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 789. 
Convention. Additional to convention of 1897 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 790. 
Convention. Additional to convention of 1897 

Italian, Italy Tr. Appendix 1, 1914: 50. 



Signed. 



28 July, 1897 
9 Jan., 1907 

16 Feb., 1906 
14 July, 1907 
10 Feb.. 1914 



SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE."" 



( Principal )Allied 
and Associated 
Powers. 

America, United 
States of. 

Austria"! 



Austria-Hun- 
gary "a 



Belgium 

Bulgaria "3 

Czechoslovakia. 



Denmark... 

France 

Germany 1". 



Great Britain. 

Greece 

Italy 



Montenegro. 
Netherlands. 
Norway 



Portugal 

Rumania. . . 
Russia u^.., 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland- 
Turkey 



United States. 



447 



44 



63 



118 

210 



272 
306 



with332 
314 
185 
346 



with 368 



405 



426 
433 
437 

448 
449 
450 



Treaty. Peace settlement . 



Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. II: 1618; Martens 61: 749. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce 

German, Bundesbl. No. 14. 
Convention. Sanitary 

French, Martens 58: 321. 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

French and German, Martens 92: 56; French, B. 

F. S. P. 104: 738; English, A. J. I. L. Supp. 7: 1. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 61: 646. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

French, Martens 75 : 298. 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce 

EngUsh (transL), State Department dispatch No. 
435, Prague, 25 Feb., 1921. 

Declaration. Most-favored-nation treatment 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

German, Martens 59: 445. 
Convention. Industrial models 

German, Martens 62: 282. 

Treaty. Commerce and customs 

Convention. Trade-marks 

German, Martens 69: 905. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1892 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce 

Agreement. Commerce 

Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 56: 644; B. F. S. P. 70: 571. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Sanitary 

Treaty of Rapallo 

English, Nation 111: 789. 

Treaty. Commerce. . . .• 

Declaration. Commerce •. . 

Declaration. Commerce and navigation , 

French, Martens 90: 461; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 
1914: 185. 

Convention . Commerce 

do 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Commerce , 

Declaration. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce , 

Convention. Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 88: 423. 

Treaty. Commerce , 

Protocol to treaty of 28 May, 1906 , 

French, Martens 93: 234. 
See America, United States of. 



10 Sept., 1919 

14 Oct., 1881 

14 Oct., 1881 

10 Sept.,1919 
27 June, 1920 

6 May, 1881 

27 July, 1910 
30 Mar., 1911 

17 Jan., 1885 

24 Apr., 1907 
16 Feb., 1897 

27 Nov., 1919 

18 Oct., 1920 



30 Nov., 1909 

5 Jan., 1907 

6 Jan., 1883 

3 July, 1886 

21 Aug., 1892 
do 



29 Nov., 1904 
28 June, 1919 
17 Feb., 1907 
17 June, 1894 
9 Nov., 1879 

14 Jan., 1907 

do 

12 Nov., 1920 

14 Jan., 1905 
17 Oct., 1881 
9 Mar.. 1909 



3 Sept., 1910 
5 Jan., 1907 
28Feb., 1907 
5 Nov., 1908 
11 Apr., 1907 
28 Feb., 1907 
9 Mar., 1896 

28 May, 1906 
30 Oct., 1906 



771 
152 

176 
219 

260 
391 

490 
534 



546 
354 
607 



656 
656 



702 
712 



738 
750 
757 
773 
773 
774 



776 



"0 See p. 771, note 197. 
1" See p. 176, note 16. 
"2 See p. 187, note 20. 



"3 See p. 391, note 82. 
1" See p. 546, note 128, 
"5 See p. 757, note 195, 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
SIAM. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Descfription. 



Signed. 



America, United 
States of. 

Austria "6 

Austria-Hun- 
gary »7 

Belgium 



119 



Bulgaria" 
Denmark . 



France. 



Germany "9.. 
GreatJBritain. 



210 
273 



307 



333 

314 
186 
187 
with 187 



Italy 


188 
369 


Japan 


381 


Netherlands 


406 


Norway 


- - •- 

453 


Portugal 


427 


Russia 120. ....... 

Spain 


438 
452 
453 




Sweden . 


United States.... 



Treaty. Revising previous treaties . 



Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce. 



Treaty of friendship and commerce 

Convention. Spirituous liquors 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 368; B. F, S. P. 74: 677; 
Busschere 2: 411. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Spirituous liquors 

English, B. F. S. P. 74: 741; Martens 64: 295. 

Treaty. Jurisdiction over Danish subjects in Siam 

English, Martens 92: 674; French, B. F. S. P. 107: 
750. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

French, France Tr. Ill: 354; B. F. S. P. 74: 718; 
Martens 62: 594. 

Treaty. Friendship 

French, France Tr. Ill: 356; B. F. S. P. 87: 187; 
Martens 70: 172; 752. 

Treaty. Interpreting treaty of 1893 

French, France Tr. Ill: 357; B. F. S. P. 97: 961; 
Martens 82: 130. 

Treaty. Jurisdiction and rights in Siam 

French, France Tr. Ill: 360; B. F. S. P. 100: 1028; 
Martens 87: 38; A. J. I. L. Supp. 1: 263. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Cus- 
toms union). 

Treaty of peace , 

Treaty. Commerce, etc 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Agreement. Commerce, etc , 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

EiigUsh, Hdb. 1912: 802; B. F. S. P. 74: 55; Mar- 
tens 59: 238; Hertslet 15: 1053. 
Treaty. Commerce, etc. (Burmah, Chiengmoi, La- 
kon, Lampoonchi.) 
English, Hdb. 1912: 805; B. F. S. P. 74: 78; Mar- 
tens 60: 570. 
Exchange of notes. Extending treaty of 3 Sept., 1883.. 
English, Hdb. 1912: 812. 

Treaty. Consular jurisdiction, etc 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article IX of treaty of 1868. 
Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 838; English, B. F. S. P. 
60: 783. 

Agreement. Spirituous liquors 

ItaUan, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 839; Martens 63: 642; 
French, B. F. S. P. 76: 298. 

Convention. Modifying treaty of 3 Oct., 1868 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 844; Martens 85: 539; 
English, B. F. S. P. 101: 409. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Spirituous liquors 

English, Japan Tr. 1918: 421; B. F. S. P. 90: 72. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 6:250. 

Convention. Spirituous liquors 

French, B. F. S. P. 74: 914; Martens 67: 117. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Spirituous liquors 

English, B. F. S. P. 74: 878. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Spirituous liquors 

French, Martens 64: 54: B. F. S. P. 74: 880. 
Declaration. Jurisdiction, commerce, and navigation. . 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Traffic in spirituous liquors 

English, B. F. S. P. 74: 878. 
See America, United States of. 



16 Dec, 1920 

10 Sept., 1919 

17 May, 1869 

29 Aug., 1868 
4 Aug., 1883 



27 Nov., 1919 
21 May, 1858 
25 July, 1883 

15 Mar., 1913 



15 Aug., 1856 
23 May, 1883 



3 Oct., 18< 
13 Feb., 1904 ! 



23 Mar., 1907 



7 Feb., 1862 

28 June, 1919 
20 June, 1826 
18 Apr., 1855 
13 May, 1856 
6 Apr., 1883 



3 Sept., 1883 



Dec, 1884 
Oct., 1896 

10 Mar., 1909 
3 Oct., 1868 

10 Dec, 1868 



5 July, 1884 
8 Apr., 1905 i 



25 Feb., 1898 
....do 



17 Dec, 1860 
1 Apr., 1867 

10 Nov., 1883 

18 May, 1868 
16 July, 1883 

10 Feb., 1859 
14 May, 1883 

23 June, 1899 
23 Feb., 1870 
18 May, 1868 
16 July, 1883 



"8 See p. 176, note 16. 
117 See p. 187, note 20. 
iisSeep. 391, note82. 



119 See 

120 See 1 



646, note 128. 
757, note 195. 



781 
739 



761 
779 
781 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

SOUTH AFRICA.'2i 
SPAIN. 



89 



Treaties with — 



America, United 

States of. 
Argentina — . . . . 
Austr^-Hungary 



Belgium. 



Bolivia- . . 
Bulgaria. 
Chile 



No. 



13.5 
218 



Description. 



Signed. Page. 



Treaty. General relations . 



China.... 
Colombia. 



CostaJRica. 
Denmark . . 
Ecuador... 



France. 



241 
252 



with 252! 

255 i 

274 I 



Germany 



Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Spanish and French. Spain Tr. 10: 245; 11; 197. 

Agreement. Trade-marks and models 

French, Martens 82: 253; B. F. S. P. 89: 997. 

Convention. Consular 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 129. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 135. 

Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) 

French. B. F. S. P. 76: 575; Martens 60: 375... 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco 
French, B. F. S. P. 109: 871. 

Treaty of peace and friendship 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Treatv. Peace and friendship 

Freju-h, Martens 37: .506. 

Treaty. Amity, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Peace and friendship , 

Convention. Copyright 

EngUsh, Martens 82: 244; B. F. S. P. 90: 1273. 

Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1881 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Convention. Commerce and navigation a 

Convention. Commerce 

Spanish, Spain Tr. 3: 216. 

Convention. Copyright 

English, B. F. S. P. 98: 970; Spanish, Martens 82: 
298. 

Convention. Consular 

French, France Tr. II: 33; B. F. S. P. 52: 139. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, France Tr. II: 134. 

Convention. Copyright 

French, France Tr. II: 143. 

Convention . Fisheries (Bidassoa River) 

French, France Tr. II: 160; B. F. S. P. 77: 1073. 

Convention. Smuggling (Bidassoa RiA'er) 

French, France Tr. II: 169; B. S. F. P. 82: 1015. 

Exchange of notes. Commercea 

Declaration. Modifjing convention of 1886 

French, France Tr. II: 174; Martens 92: 421. 

Agreement. SmuggUng 

French, France Tr. II: 175. 

Declaration. Relations in Tunis 

i French, France Tr. II: 177; Clercq 20: 628. 

, Convention. Overland importation of vehicles and 

horses. 
French, France Tr. II: 189; Clerq 22: 287; French 
and Spanish, Descamps et Renault 1903: 433. 

Declaration. Integrity of Morocco 

i French, France Tr. II: 197; Spanish, Martens 82: 

57; French and Spanish, Descamps et Renault 
, 1904: 858; EngUsh, A. J. I. L. Supp. 6: 30. 

': Convention . Morocco 

I French, France Tr. II: 198; Martens 90: 666. 

with 308i Exchange of notes. Commerce 

i Declaration. Modifving convention of 1866 

French, France Tr.II: 161, 163, 165 (note). 

i Convention. Relations in Morocco 

French, France Tr. II: 219; B. F. S. P. 106: 1024;. 
; Martens 92: 323. I 

; Declaration. Renunciation by Spain of capitulations | 

I in French zone of Morocco. i 
i French, France Tr. II: 238. 
i Declaration. Renunciation by France of capitula- 
tions in Spanish zone of Morocco. 
French, France Tr. II: 238. 

\ Agreement. Consular (North German union) 

I French, B. F. S. P. 60: 181. 

' Convention. Consular (Extension to German Empire 

I of agreement of 1870) . 
i EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 62: 172. 
Exchange of notes . Commerce 



3.Tuly, 1902 



: 21 Sept., 1863 

\ 28 July, 1892 

1 22 Feb., 1895 

' 21 Jan., 1897 



308 



19 Mar., 1870 
26 June, 1880 
7 Jan., 1885 

29 Dec., 1915 

21 Julv, 1847 

5 Oct., 1908 

23 Apr., 1844 

10 Oct., 1864 

30 Jan., 1881 
28 Nov., 1885 

28 Apr., 1894 
10 May, 1850 
4 July, 1893 
15 May, 1861 

30 June, 1900 



7 Jan., 1862 

30 June, 1876 

16 June, 1880 

18 Feb., 1886 

10 May, 1890 

30 Dec, 1893 
4 Oct., 1894 

27 Oct., 1894 

12 Jan., 1897 

13 June, 1903 

3 Oct., 1904 



.do. 



1.56 
173 



283 
412 



439 

456 



456 
459 
492 



538 



29 Nov., 1906 

6 Apr., 1908 

27 Nov., 1912 

7 Mar., 1914 

17 Nov., 1914 

22 Feb., 1870 
12 Jan.. 1872 



538 



334 
121 See p. 290, note 40. 



12 Feb., 1899 



595 



a Terminated. See Appendix. 



90 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

SPAIN— Continued. 



Treaties with — 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Great Britain. 



189 



190 
191 
192 



Greece. 



Guatemala. 
Italy 



Japan.. 
Mexico. 



Morocco 

Netherlands. 



Nicaragua. 
Norway. . . 



Panama. 



Paraguay . 
Persia 



Peru 

Portugal. 



Rumania. 



194 
withl94 



347 
351 



370 



382 
383 
with 383 
with 383 



407 
with407 
411 



417 
420 

with420 
423 

With423 



428 



434 
with434 



Treaty. Peace, c'Dmmerce, etc 

Treaty. Peace and trade, etc 

English, Hdb. 1912: 850. 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, etc 

Treaty. Navigation and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce , 

Treaty. Peace and friendship , 

EngUsh and French, B. F. S. P. 1: 639; French, 
Hdb. 1912: 880. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Peace, etc 

French, Hdb. 1912: 884; Martens 1: 104; English and 
French, B. F. S. P. 1: 422; 645. 
Treaty. Peace, etc 

French, Hdb. 1912: 886. 
Treaty. Friendship and alliance 

English and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 1: 273; English, 
Hdb. 1912: 889. 
Articles. Additional to treaty of 5 July 1814 

English, Hdb. 1912: 891. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

EngUsh, Hdb. 1912: 892. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies '. 

English, Hdb. 1912: 893. 

Exchange of notes . Commercial arrangement, etc 

Exchange of notes. Confirming agreement of 20/29 
June 1894. 

Exchange of notes. Patents in Morocco 

French, Hdb. 1912: 897. 

Declaration. National treatment of vessels 

French, and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 456; French, 
B. F. S. P. 92: 453. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Recognition, peace, and friendship 



Convention. Copyright. 

French, B. F. S. P. 85: 753; Martens 71: 712. 
Declaration . Relations in Libia and Morocco 

French, Martens 93: 145; English, B. F. S. P. 107: 
947. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation a , 

Declaration. Renunciation by Italy of capitulations 
in Morocco. 

Spanish, Ga de Madrid, 2 May, 1916: 206. 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Amity and general relations 

Protocol. Duration treaty of 1911 

Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1911 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Spanish and English, B. F. S. P. 24: 864. 
Convention. Copyright 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 96: 533; Spanish, Martens 81: 
526. 
Treaty. Commerce 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 53: 1089. 
Treaty. Commerce and Navigation 

French, Lagemans 6: 354. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Lagemans 6: 356. 
Declaration. Commerce 

French, Lagemans 10: 40. 

Declaration. Commerce« 

Declaration. Modifying Declaration of 1892 

Treaty. Recognition, peace and friendship 

Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 109: 986.^ 
Convention. Copyright 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 107: 1086. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Friendship and commerce 

Friendship and commerce 

Peace and friendship 

Additional to treaty of 1879 

Agreement. Fisheries 

Spanish, Martens 64: 77. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation b 

Exchange of notes. Consular matters 

Spanish, Martens 84: 333. 
Convention. Commerce 



Treaty. 
Treatv. 
Treaty. 
Treaty. 



23 May, 1667 
18 July, 1670 

13 July, 1713 
9 Dec, 1713 

14 Dec, 1715 
9 Nov., 1729 



5 Oct., 1750 
10 Feb., 1763 



3 Sept., 1783 
5 July, 1814 

28 Aug., 1814 
14 Dec, 1875 

29 Jan., 1883 

^20 June, 1894 
29 June, 1894 
■28 Dec, 1894 
29 Dec, 1894 
' 5 Apr., 1907 
20 June, 1907 
18 Nov., 1899 



23 Sept., 1903 
29 May, 1863 
25 May, 1893 

4 May, 1913 



30 Mar., 1914 
26 Apr., 1916 



28 Mar., 1900 
15 May, 1911 

29 Aug. 
12 May, 
28 Dec. 



1911 
1913 



26 Mar., 1903 



20 Nov., 1861 
18 Nov., 1871 
...do 



Exchange of notes. Relative to convention of 1908. 



8 June, 1887 

12 July, 1892 

13 Nov., 1899 
25 July, 1850 

9 Mar., 1915 

25 July, 1912 

10 Sept., 1880 
4 Mar., 1842 
9 Feb., 1870 

14 Aug., 1879 
16 July, 1897 

2 0.ct., 1882 

27 Mar., 1893 
7 July, 1903 

IDec, 1908 
14 Feb., 1909 
18 Feb., 1909 



« Terminated. See Appendix. 



6 Terminated 30 Sept., 1913. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
SPAIN— Continued. 



91 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Russia "2 




Salvador 


439 
witli439 

444 

448 
462 


Serb - Croat - Slo- 
vene State. 123 
Siam 


Sweden 


Switzerland 

Turkey 


454 

455 
456 


United States 


Uruguay 


457 
458 


Venezuela 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 52: 555. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration . Most-favored-nation treatment of ships . 
Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco 

French, B. F. S. P. 109: 1011. 

Treaty. Peace and friendship 

Convention. Copyright 

Spanish, Martens 64: 236. 
Convention. Consular 

Spanish, Martens 64: 257. 
Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Navigation 

French, B. F. S. P. 74: 709; Sweden Tr. 1910: 679. 

Convention. Commerce a 

Declaration. Interpretation of Article IV of treaty of 
1883. 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 695; English, B. F. S. P. 
92: 740. 

Treaty. Commerce a 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

See America, United States of. 

Treaty. Peace and recognition , 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 



23 Feb., 1876 

6 Feb., 1895 

14 Feb., 1912 
17 May, 1915 

24 June, 1865 
23 June, 1884 

1 Mar., 1885 

5 Nov., 1908 

23 Feb., 1870 

15 Mar., 1883 

27 June, 1892 
13 July, 1900 



1 Sept., 1906 
14 Sept., 1782 

19 July, 1870 

20 May, 1882 



761 
761 



766 

773 

779 

783 



785 
786 



788 



SWEDEN. 



America, United 
States of. 



Argentina 

Austria-Hungary. 



Belgium. 



Bulgaria. 
China 



Denmark. 



with 88 



120 
219 
238 
242 
with 242 
275 



with275 



with275 
with 275 



Convention. Consular 

English, U. S. Tr. Ill: 112; B. F. S. P. 103: 1004; 
English and Swedish, iMartens 92: 516; U. S. T. S. 
No. 557. 
Agreement. Trade-marks in China 

English, B. F. S. P. 108: 607; MacMurray II: 1002. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

do 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 546. 

Declaration. Commercial travelers 

Convention. Commerce, etc. (Congo) 

French, B. F. S. P. 76: 5S0; Martens 60: 379. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Treaty. Peace, amity, and conxmerce , 

Treaty . Friendship, commerce, and navigation , 

Article. Additional to treaty of 1908 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation , 

Convention. Treatment of vessels 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 623. 
Convention. Execution of general convention of 14 
Mar., 1857 CSound and belt dues). 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 624. 
Declaration. Coasting trade 

French, B. F. S. P. 104: 911; Sweden Tr. 1910: 625. 
Declaration. Modifying treaty of 1826 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 631 
Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1826 
Declaration. Commerce and navigation. 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 632. 

Declaration. Additional to declaration of 1871 

Declaration. Coasting trade , 

Declaration. Copyright 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 641. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 647. 
Convention. Fisheries , 

Danish and Swedish, Martens 91: 577; Swedish, 
Sweden Tr. 1910: 652. 
Declaration. Modifying Article IV of convention of 
1899 

French, B. F. S. P. 104: 916; Swedish, Sweden Tr. 
1910: 655. 
Declaration. Coasting trade 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 658. 



"2 See p. 757, note 195. 



Seep. 771, note 197. 



11 June, 1904 
a Terminated. See Appendix. 



1 June, 1910 



7 Mar., 1913 

17 July, 1885 
3 Nov., 1873 
20 Sept., 1889 

22 June, 1911 

10 Feb., 1885 

11 June, 1895 
10 May, 1906 

20 Mar., 1847 
2 July, 1908 

24 May, 1909 

2 Nov., 1826 

13 June, 1856 

21 Apr., 1857 



16 Apr., 1858 
19 Jan., 1865 

25 June, 1869 

22 Sept., 1871 

2 Apr., 1873 

5 Aug., 1879 

27 Nov., 1879 

21 Sept., 1894 

14 July, 1899 

23 Apr., 1902 



173 
223 



224 



264 
413 
4.35 
441 
442 
494 



494 



494 
495 



92 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERUIAL TREATIES. 
SWEDEN— Continued. 



Treaties with- 



Denmark (contd.) 



Egypt- 
France. 



No. 



Description. 



309 

310 

\vith309 

and 310 



with 309 



'Germanvi"^'*- 



Great Britain. 



Greece. 
Italy.. 



with 195 

195 

with 195 



Declaration. Modifying convention of 1899 

Danish and Swedish, Martens 91: 586; Swedish, 
Sweden Tr. 1910: 660. 
Declaration. Industrial models 

English, B. F. S. P. lOi: 962; Swedish, Sweden Tr. 
1910: 661. 
Declaration. Additional to declaration of 1873 

Danish and Swedish, Martens 93: 638. 
Declaration. Customs 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 673. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Navigation 

Convention. Duration of treaties of 1881 



Signed. 



5 Oct., 1907 
19 June, 1908 

12 Oct., 1911 

12 Feb., 1890 

30 Dec, 1881 
do 

13 Jan., 1892 



196 
with 196 



with 196 
348 

with 348 
371 



Japan. 



Liberia 

Luxemburg. 

Mexico 

Morocco 

INether lands. 



384 
385 



387 



392 
with 392 



408 



Declaration . Relations in Tunis 

French, France Tr. Ill: :374: Sweden Tr. 1910: 746; 
Martens 80: 13; Clercq 20: 630. 

Exchange of notes. Certificates of origin 

French, France Tr. Ill: 374; Sweden Tr. 1910: 748; 
B. F. S. P. 95: 1016; Martens 80; 633. 

Agreement. Copyright 

French, France Tr. Ill: 372; Sweden Tr. 1910: 742; 
Martens 62: .599. 

Agreement. Commerce 

Declaration. Renunciation of capitulations in Morocco. 
French, France Tr. HI: ;?77. 

Convention . Tade-marks in China 

French, France Tr. Ill: 378. 

Declaration . Trade-marks 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 392. 
Exchange of notes. Customs duties on oak and spruce 
bark. 
German, Martens 02: 433; Sweden Tr. 1913: 25. 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

English, Hdb. 1912: 899. 

Treaty. Commerce 

English, Hdb. 1912: 905. 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and alUance 

Treaty of peace 

Declarations. British commerce 

French, Hdb. 1912: 922; Sweden Tr.l910: 766. 

Convention. Commerce and naAigation 

Declaration. Commercial travelers 

Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 
English and French, Hdb. 1912: 932. 

Declaration. Commerce (British Colonies) 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration . Modifying treaty of 1852 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Interpreting Article XIII, treaty of 1862. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911: II: 870; Sweden Tr. 1910: 839. 

Declaration. Copyright 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 841. 
Exchange of notes. Validity of treaties with Sweden 
and Norway. 
French, Japan Tr. 1918: 423. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Customs 

Convention. Industrial property in China 

French, .Japan Tr. 1918: 436. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Trade-marks .' 

French, Martens 94: 801. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Protocol. Amending treaty of 1885 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 871. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular (Dutch colonies) 

French, Lagemans 4: 207; Sweden Tr. 1910: 921. 

Declaration. Coasting trade \ 

French, B. F. S. P. 47: 510; Sweden Tr. 1910: 924. i 



5 May, 1897 

flSDec, 1900 
111 Oct., 1901 

15 Feb., 1884 



2 Dec, 1908 
4 Jurie, 1914 

31 Jan., 1916 

/19 June, 1872 
\24 June, 1872 



2 Mar., 1911 
'31 Mar., 1911 

11 Apr., 1654 

17 July, 1656 

21 Oct., 1661 

5 Feb., 1766 

18 July, 1812 
24 Apr., 1824 

18 Mar., 1826 

13 Oct., 1883 

6 Nov., 1905 
16 Nov., 1905 

27 Nov., 1911 

27 Oct., 3852 

2 Mar., 1893 

14 July, 1862 

7 June, 1877 

9 Oct., 1884 

f 6 Jan., 1906 
119 Jan., 1906 

19 May, 1911 

do 

24 Aug., 1916 



Page. 



539 
540 



540 



363 
363 



363 
364 



365 



684 

686 



1 Sept., 1863 
IJuly, 1912 

29 July, 1885 
15 Dec, 1885 
14 May, 1763 

25 Sept., 1847 
10 Sept., 1855 

29 Nov., 1856 



690 



i2< Treaty of commerce of 2 May, 1911, between Germanv and Sweden denounced by Sweden, termi- 
nated 16 Mar., 1921 L. N. T. S. 2: 263. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
SWEDEN— Continued. 



93 



Treaties with- 


No. 


Netheriands — 
Continued. 






with 408 


Norway 


413 
414 
421 
429 
435 
440 


Persia... 


Portugal 


Rumania 

Russia 12" 




441 


Serb -.Croat - Slo- 
vene State.126 i 
Siam 


449 
453 


Spain 




454 


Turkey 




United States.... 





Description. 



Lage- 



Conveutioii. Wrecks 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 718; Martens 89: 21 
mans 17: 1; Sweden Tr. 1910: 941. 

Convention . Additional to treaty of 1847 

Protocol. Additional to convention of 15 Dec, 1908.. . 
French, B. F. S. P. 102: 721. 

Convention. Transit 

Convention. Lakes and waters in common 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Declaration. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce and navigation 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Declaration. Additional to treaty of 1838 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 973. 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, B. F. S. P. 95: 951; Martens 80: 606; Sweden 
Tr. 1910: 993. 

Convention. Commerce 

Agreement. Swedish import duties on Russian sugar. , 

French, B. F. S. P. 102: 929; Martens 87: 852. 
Declaration. Most-favored-nation treatment to consu- 
lar officers. 
French, B. F. S. P. 102: 795; Martens 90: 606; Sweden 
Tr. 1910: 1002. 

Convention. Industrial property in China 

English, MacMurray II: 997. 
Declaration. Commerce 



Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation , 

Declaration. Traffic in spirituous liquors 

English, B. F. S. P. 74: 878. 
Treaty. Navigation „ 

French, B. F. S. P. 74: 709; Sweden Tr. 1910: 679. 

Convention. Commerce « 

Declaration . Interpretation of Article IV of treatv of 
1883. 

French, Sweden Tr. 1910: 695; English, B. F. S. P. 
92: 740. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 1024. 
See America, United States of. 



Signed. 



Page. 



26 Feb. 


, 1908 




15 Dec. 
20 Aug. 


. 1908 
, 1909 


i 714 


26 Oct., 
do 


1905 


721 
722 


17 Nov. 
16 Apr. 

3 Mar. 

8 May, 
28 Mar. 


,1857 
1904 
1910 
1838 
1845 


728 
743 
754 
762 


26 Oct., 


1901 




9 Aug. 
5 Feb., 


1906 
1908 


762 


10 Nov. 


1909 




11 Jan., 


1913 




11 Apr., 


1907 


773 


18 May, 
16 July, 


1868 
1883 


781 


15 Mar., 


1883 




27 June, 
13 July, 


1892 
1900 


783 


10 Jan., 


1737 

1 
1 





SWITZERLAND. 



America, United 
<3tates of. 



Austria-Hungary 



Belgium. 



Bulgaria. 
ChUe 

China 



Colombia. 
Denmark. 



Ecuador. 



121 



220 
226 
243 
244 
253 
276 
with 276 
283 



28 June, 1906 



47 Convention. Commerce and extradition 25 Nov. 



I Agreement. Trade-marks \\^^ May 

EngUsh, U. S. Tr. II: 1769. 
Agreement. Trade-marks : 22 JunO; 

French and German, Martens 64: 300. 
Treaty. Commerce (applies also to Czeohoslovakia).! 9 Mar, 
Convention. Sanitary \ do 

French and German, Descamps et Renault 1906: 
691; German, Martens 85: 178; French, B. F. S. P. 
99: 644. 
Declaration. Additional to treaty of 9 Mar., 1906 

French and German, Descamps et Renault 1906: 
698; German, Staatsarchiv. 74: 28. 
Convention. Trade- marks 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 394. 
Treaty. Establishment 

French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 388. 

Treaty. Commerce ^ 

Agreement. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, Belgium Tr. 1908: 668. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty of friendship 

Declaration . Most- favored-nation treatment 

Treaty. Establishment and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and establishment 

Article. Additional to treaty of 10 Feb., 1875. * 

Treaty. Establishment and commerce , 



11 Feb., 1881' 

I 

4 June, 1887 | 

July, 1889 



(10 Sept., 

tl8 Sept., 

17 Feb., 

31 Oct., 

13 June, 
..do.... 

14 Mar., 
10 Feb., 
22 May, 
22 June, 



1906 
1897 
1918 

1908 

1875 
1875 
1888 



266 



413 
419 
443 
443 

457 
495 
495 
506 



125 Se« p. 757, note 19.' 



126 See p. 771, note 197. « Terminated. See Appendix. 



94 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
SWITZERLAND— Continued. 



Treaties with- 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page, 


France 




Agreement. Spirituous liquors 


10 Aug., 1877 
14 June, 1881 

23 Feb., 1882 

14 Oct., 1896 

/30July, 1897 
\18 Aug., 1897 

20 Oct., 1906 
23 Oct., 1912 

11 June, 1914 
9 Dec, 1919 

13 May, 1869 
23 May, 1881 

10 Dec, 1891 

13 Apr., 1892 

21 Sept., 1895 

5 Dec, 1896 
26 May, 1902 

12 Nov., 1904 

13 Nov., 1909 

31 Oct., 1910 

14 Sept. ,1920 

6 Sept., 1855 
6 Nov., 1880 

20 Feb., 1907 

30 Mar., 1914 

6 Nov., 1919 

10 June, 1887 
3 Dec, 1895 

7 May, 1901 

/22 Feb., 1908 
\27Mar., 1908 
r27 Sept., 1889 
1 9 Oct., 1889 

14 May, 1891 

13 July, 1904 
flO Oct., 1904 
\11 Oct., 1904 

13 Nov., 1904 

do 






311 


French, France Tr. Ill: 415. 
Convention. Customs regime between Geneva and 
Upper Savoie. 

French, France Tr. Ill: 419. 
Convention. Commerce and establishment .. 






French, France Tr. Ill: 428; B. F. S. P. 73: 395; 
Martens 59: 59. 
Declaration. Relations in Tunis. . . 






French, France Tr. Ill: 484; B. F. S. P. 88: 743; 
Martens 73: 386; Clercq 20: 626. 

Declaration. Additional to agreement of 1877 


} 

542 




French, France Tr. Ill: 484. 
Convention. Commerce 




Arrangement. Frontier pasturage 






French, France Tr. Ill: 543; B. F. S. P. 107; 822. 
Agreement. Relations in Morocco 






German, Bvmdesbl. 28 Apr. 1920: 290. 
A grePTTi ftn t . A p.ri j^l n avi gati nn 




Germany 


French, J. 0. 21 Mar. 1920: 4551; English and 
French, L. N. T. S. 1: 29. 






335 


with 335 
336 
197 

with 197 

349 
with 349 


German, Hdv. 1906: 966. 
Agreement. Copyright.. . 






German, Martens 56: 741. 
Treaty. Commerce and customs 


595 




Agreement. Patents and trade-marks 






German, Martens 71: 68; 514. 
Agreement. Biisingen 






German^ Hdv. 1906: 969. 
Treaty Frontier customs 


* 




German, Martens 73: 421. 
Convention. Modifying agreement of 1892 .. 






German, Martens 81: 348. 
Treaty. Additional to treaty of 1891 


595 










French, B. F. S. P. 102: 439; Martens 90: 608. 
Convention. Regulation of legal status of nationals . . . 
Agreement. Aerial navigation 


597 


Great Britain. ... 


German, E. G. 21 Jan., 1921: 25. 


365 




Declaration Trade-marks 






English, Hdb. 1912: 940 
Agreement Commercial travelers' samples. . 






English, Hdb. 1912: 940; Hertslet 25: 1169; B. F. S. 

P. 100: 575; French and English, Martens 86: 73. 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1855 


366 




Convention. Aerial navigation . . 




Greece 


English and French, L. N. T. S. 1: 37. 

Cnnvpntinn nnmmprr'P 


611 




Declaration Trade-marks ... ... . 


611 








Italv 


French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 418; French and 
German, Martens 79: 571; French B. F. S. P. 95: 
949. 

Exchange of notes. Importation of Greek wines 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 419. 


! 




372 

386 
397 


French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 893. 


} 




French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 896. 


662 




Exchange of notes. Duties on cattle, additional to 
treaty of 1904. 
French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 949. 
Protocol Correcting error in treaty of 1904 


} 




French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 950. 
Notes. Additional to treaty of 1904 






French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 950. 


13 July, 1906 

ri6 Nov., 1907 
I29 Nov., 1907 

13 July, 1908 

8 Feb., 1911 

21 June, 1911 
31 Dec, 1910 






Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 965. 
Exchange of notes. Importation of medicinal products. 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 966; B. F. S. P. 101: 422; 
German, Martens 86: 922. 
Declaration. Regulation of itinerant merchants 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 968. 
Act Additional to convention of 1906 


}..... 


Japan 


Italian and German. Martens 92: 867; Italian, Italy 
Tr. 1911, II: 969; English, B. F. S. P. 105: 680, 


687 


Montenegro 


Agreement. Commerce 


703 



« Terminated. See Appendix. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
SWITZERLAND— Continued. 



95 



Treaties with- 



Netherlands. 



Norway. , 

Persia — 
Portugal . 



Rumania . 
Russiai27. 



Salvador 

Serb-Croat 
Slovene Statei28 
Spain 



No. 



409 
with 409 



415 

422 



430 
with 430 

436 
with 436 

442 



445 
450 



455 



Description. 



Treaty. Establishment and commerce 

Protocol. Additional to treaty of 1875 

Agreement. Trade-marks 

French, Lagemans 8: 289. 

Exchange of notes. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Declaration. Trade-marks 

French, Martens 64: 35. 
Convention. Consular 

French, Martens 64: 56. 

Convention. Commerce 

Declaration. Additional to convention of 1905 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Additional to treaty of 1893 

Convention. Settlement and commerce 

Convention. Trade-marks 

French B. F. S. P. 92: 153; French and German, 
Martens 79: 390. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies 

French, B. F. S. P. 96: 855; Martens 81: 598. 

Treaty. Establishment and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

doa 



Signed. 



Aug., 
May, 

May, 

May, 
July, 
Sept., 



1875 
1877 
1881 

1906 
1906 
1873 
1882 



27 Aug., 1883 



Dec, 
Jan., 
Mar., 
Dec, 
Dec, 
May, 



1905 
1907 
1893 
1904 

1872 



19 Oct., 1903 
30 



Oct., 
Feb. 



1883 
1907 



1 Sept., 1906 



Page. 



715 
716 



723 
729 



744 
744 
755 
755 
763 



767 
774 



785 



TIBET. 




Great Britain 



Trade in Tibet (Signed also by Great 
Hert- 



Regulations. 
Britain'). 
English, B. F. S. P. 101: 170; Martens 88: 
slet 25: 1171; Mac Murray I: 582. 

Convention. Trade 

. English, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 204; Hdb. 1912: 201; 
B. F. S. P. 98: 148; Martens 85: 448; Mac Murray 
I: 578. 

Agreement. Trade in Tibet 

English, Mac Murray I: 581. 



20 Apr., 


1908 


7 Sept. 


,1904 


3 July, 


1914 



TONGA. 


Great Britain . 


198 


Treaty. 


Friendship, etc. 


29 Nov., 1879 


367 








TRIPOLI. 


America, United 


48 


Treaty. 




4 June, 1805 


159 


States of. 










TUNIS. 








Treaty. Regulating mutual relations 

French, France Tr. Ill: 575; B. F. S. P. 74: 743; 
Martens 59: 697; Clercq 14: 244. 
Convention. Commerce 

English B. F. S. P. 66: 93; Martens 52: 479. 



8 June, 1883 
19 July, 1875 



"' See p. 757, note 195. 



128 See p. 771, note 197. 



a Terminated. See Appendix. 



96 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERC^TAL TREATIES. 
TURKEY. 



Treaties with- 



No. 



Allied and Asso- 
ciated Powers. 

America, United 

States of. 



Argentina 

Austria-Hungary. 



Description. 



Treaty of p<^ace i2» 

E5iglisb,G.r,.T.S.1920,No.nCmd.96!; V. 
Cong. 1st Sess., S. Doc. No. 7: 32. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 



Belgium . 



Brazil — 
Bulgaria. 



Denmark. 



Egypt- 
France. 



122 



140 



Protocol. Property rights in Turkev 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 1344. 

Protocol. Consular 

English, B. F. S. P. 103: 356; Spanish, Martens 92: 
314: German, Staatsarchiv. 81: 242. 

Protocol. Turkish customs duties 

Signed also by France, Germany, Great Britain, 
Italy, Russia. 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 575; Martens 89: 790; 
Hertslet25: 1178. 
Protocol. Commerce (Bosnia, Herzegovina, Sanjak of 
Novi-Bazar). 
French, B. F. S. P. 102: 180; Martens 87: 661; 
English, A. J. I. L. Supp. 3: 286. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French. Martens 93: 569. 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Declaration. Consular. 



Signed. 



312 
with312 
with312 



Germany. 



French, Martens 91: 869; B. F. S. P. 107: 705. 
ConA^enticn. Commerce 

French, Martens 91: 552; B. F. S. P. 104: 839. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

English, B. F. S. P. .54: 1043; French, Danske Tr. 
(1751-1800): 85. 
Treaty. Commerce 

French, B. F. S. P. 54: 1048. 
Agreement. Customs 

French, B. F. S. P. 82: 752. 

Capitulations 

Treaty. Peace 

Convention . Additional to capitulations 

Protocol. Property rights of French in Turkey 

French, France Tr. Ill: 602; B. F. S. P. 59: 389; 
Clercq 10: 76. 

Notes. French importations into Turkey 

French, France Tr. Ill: 605. 



4 June, 1920 

7 May, 1830 
11 Aug., 1874 
1] June, 1910 

25 Apr., 1907 



26 Feb., 1909 



3 Aug., 1838 
1 Apr., 1912 

5 Feb., 1858 
1 Dec, 1909 

19 Feb., 1911 

14 Oct., 1756 

1 May, 1841 

18 Dec, 1890 

28 May, 1740 
25 June, 1802 
25 Nov., 1838 
9 June, 1868 



Page. 



160 



267 



288 



544 
544 
544 



Great Britain 199 

with 199 
with 199 
with 199 



Greece. 



Agreement. Political, military and ecoi^omic 

French, L'Europe Nouvelie, 26 Mar., 1921: 407. 
Treaty of friendship (Prussia) 

German, Hdv. 1906: 1171; Italian (authentic) and 
French, Martens 1: 1. 
Treaty. Commerce, friendship, and navigation 

German, Hdv. 1906: 1158. 
Convention. Additional to treaty of 1890 

German, Hdv. 1915: 223. 

Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French and German, Martens 93: 849. 
Exchange of notes. Duration of treaty of 1890 and con- 
vention of 1907. 
French and German, Martens 93: 904; German, 
Hdv. 1915: 225. 

Capitulations 

Act. Commercial privileges in Black Sea 

Note. Commercial privileges in Black Sea 

Treaty. Peace and conunerce 

Exchange of notes. Conmiercial travelers' samples 

French, Martens 94: 898; B. F. S. P. 105: 281; 
Hertslet 27: 1086; G. B. T. S. 1913, No. l,Cd.6584. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 726; French, 
B. F. S. P. 56: 1381. 

Protocol. Propert}^ 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 742. 

Treaty of peace 

French and Greek, Greece 1912: 769; French, B. F. 
S. P. 90: 422; Martens 78: 630. 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation I 

French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 798; French, | 
Martens 81: 532. ' 



17 Jan., 1890 
30 Jan., 1890 

21 Mar., 1890 
14 Apr., 1890 

9 Mar., 1921 

22 Mar., 1761 



26 Aug., 1890 

' 25 Apr., 1907 

riO Aug., 1911 
\15 Aug., 1911 

/15Nov., 1911 \\ 
\ 2 May, 1914 {/ 



1675 
30 Oct., 1799 
23 July, 1802 

5 Jan., 1809 

6 Nov., 1912 



367 
367 
367 
367 



27 May, 1855 |. 

I 
24 Feb., 1875 I. 

i 
4 Dec, 1897 |. 

i 

12 Apr., 1903 j. 



129 Not yet ratified. 



LIST OF TREATIES. 

TURKEY— Continued. 



97 



Treaties with— 



Italy. 



Mexico. 



Montenegro. 
Netherlands. 



Norway. 



Portugal . 
Rumania . 



Russia '30 

Serb - Croat - Slo- 
vene State.131 



Spain... 
Sweden. 



No. 



398 
410 



416 



443 
451 
456 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page.- 



Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 984; Italian and English, 
B. F. S. P. 12: 915. 
Exchange of notes. Explaining Article II of treaty of 
1823. 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 990. 
Treaty. Peace and friendship 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 992 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

French, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 993; B. F. S. P. 53: 1082. 
Treaty of peace 

French, B. F. S. P. 106: 1100, Martens 92: 7; 
Italy Tr. Appendix I, 1914: 64. 
Agreement. Economic 

French, L' Europe Nouvelle, 28 May, 1921: 698. 
Protocol. Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 105: 735; Martens 93: 286. 

Convention. Commerce 

Capitulations. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and navigaton 

French, B. F. S. P. 52: 739: Martens 46 (pt. 2): 280. 
Exchange of notes. Commercial travelers' samples 

French, B. F. S. P. 107: 1031. 
Treaty. Friendship, navigation, and commerce 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 54: 1043. 
Protocol. Property 

Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914: 246. 

Protocol. Most-favored-nation treatment 

Declaration. Commerce 

French, Martens 74: 49. 
Treaty. Commerce 

French, Martens 80: 590; B. F. S. P. 94: 604. 

Convention . Commerce and navigation 

Convention. Consular 

French, B. F. S. P. 88: 423. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Protocol to treatv of 28 May, 1906 

French, Martens 93: 234. 

Treaty. Peace and commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 

Swedish, Sweden Tr. 1910: 1024. 



2.5 Oct., 1823 

ri6 Aug., 1824 
[24 Aug., 1824 

I 

j 30 Mar., 1856 

1 10 .July, 1861 
I 18 Oct., 1912 

! 12 Mar., 1921 

I 23 Dec, 1910 

' 4 Mar., 1909 
15 Sept., 1680 
25 Feb.. 1862 



) 



703- 

717 



11 Mar., 1913 
14 Oct., 1756 
13 June, 1868 

13 .lune, 1907 

11 Jan., 1890 

12 Aug., 1901 

21 June, 1783 
9 Mar., 1896 

28 May, 1906 
30 Oct., 1906 

14 Sept., 1782 
10 Jan., 1737 



723: 



765- 



UKRAINE. 



Poland 



Treaty. Political and economic (Signed also by Russia) 
French, L'Europe Nouvelle, 30 Apr., 1921: 568. 




UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. See p. 15. 
URUGUAY. 



America, United 

States of. 
Brazil 



Germany 132 
Paraguay,. 

Spain 



314 
418 



457 



Convention, Commercial travelers 27 Aug., 1918 | 160 

Treaty. Commerce and navigation 12 Oct., 1851 ; 289^ 

Protocol. Fluvial navigation i 15 Sept., 1857 j 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 1: 233. 

Treaty. Boundaries and inland navigation 30 Oct., 1909 i 

Portuguese, Brazil Act. Diplom. 2: 374. I 

Convention. Railroad traffic i 15 May, 1913 i 

English, B.F.S. P. 107: 611. 1 

Treaty of peace [28 June, 1919 ' 

Treaty. Peace, friendship, and recognition of debt i 20 Apr., 1883 i 725- 

EngUsh, B. F. S. P. 74: 696. j j 

Treaty. Peace and recognition I 19 July, 1870 < 788- 



130 See p. 757, note 195. 



131 See p. 771 , note 197. 



132 See p. 546, note 128. 



98 



HAl^DBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
VENEZUELA. 



Treaties with— 


No. 


Description. 


Signed. 


Page. 


America, United 


51 


Convention. Commercial travelers 


3 July, 1919 
25 May, 1882 
-do 


161 


States of. 


Convention. Trade-marlcs 




123 


French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 423. 
Declaration. Joint-stock companies 






French, Belgium Tr. 1900: 423. 
Treaty. Commerce and navigation 


1 Mar., 1884 

28 Sept., 1883 

3 May, 1879 

19 Feb., 1902 

26 Jan., 1909 

18 Apr., 1825 

29 Oct., 1834 

13 Feb., 1903 

19 July, 1861 

27 Aug., 1883 

do 


268 


Bolivia 


Convention. Consular 




France 




Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. 533; Venezuela Tr. Pub. 
219; Martens 65: 762. 
Declaration. Trade-marks 






313 

337 

200 

witli200 

with200 
373 

446 

458 


French, France Tr. Ill: 616. 
Convention. Commerce. 


545 




Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Treaty. Amity, commerce, and navigation 


597 
369 


Great Britain 




Convention. Apphcation of treaties between Great 

Britain and Colombia. 
Exchange of notes. Renewing former treaties 


369 
369 


Italy 


Treaty, Friendship, navigation, and commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation 

Convention. Consular 


664 


Salvador 


768 








Spanish, Martens 64: 224. 
Treaty. Commerce and Navigation 


20 May, 1882 


789 









WEST INDIES.' 



ZANZIBAR. 



Austria-Hungary. 
Belgium 



France "4 
Germany. 



Italy. 



Portugal . 



90 



Convention. Commerce and navigation 

do 

French, Beleium Tr. 1900: 426; B. F. S. P. 76: 290; 
Martens 62: 529. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

French, B. F. S. P. 35: 1011; Martens 36: 623; 
France Tr. II: 592. 
Treaty. Friendship, commerce, and navigation (Han- 
seatic League). 
English, B. F. S. P. 50: 118; Hdv. 1906: 1298; 1915: 
233. 

Treaty. Friendship and commerce 

Enghsh, B. F. S. P. 76: 269; ItaUan, Italy Tr. 10: 524; 
Italy Tr. 1911, II: 1069; Martens 63: 655. 

Article. Additional to treaty of 1885 

Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, II: 1074. 
Treaty. Friendship and commerce 



11 Aug., 1887 
30 May, 1885 



17 Nov., 1844 
13 June, 1859 

28 May, 1885 

10 Oct., 1885 
25 Oct., 1879 



227 



525 



Austria . . 
Bulgaria . 
Germany. 



Hungary. 
Turkey.. 



ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 



63 
210 
314 



355 



Treaty of peace , 

do 

...do 

Protocol. Modifying Annex II of Part VIII of the 
treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919. 
English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 12. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty of peace i^s 

English, G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 11, Cmd. 964; U. S. 
67th Cong. 1st Sess. S. Doc. No. 7:32. 



10 Sept., 1919 

27 Nov., 1919 

28 June, 1919 
5 May, 1921 



4 June, 1920 
....do 



176 
391 
546 



PRINCIPAL ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 



Czechoslovakia. . . ; 257 

Greece | 338 

Poland I 424 

Rumania I 431 

'Serb-Croat-Slo-i 447 
vene State. i 



Treaty. Peace settlement 

Treaty. Peace settlement (Minorities) i^s 

Treaty. Peace settlement (Thrace) i^s 

English, G. B. T. S. 1921, No. 13, Cmd. 1390. 

Treaty. Peace settlement 

Treaty. Vessels, commerce, transit, etc 

Treaty. Peace settlement 



10 Sept., 1919 
10 Aug., 1920 
....do 



28 June, 1919 
9 Dec, 1919 
10 Sept., 1919 



733 
745 
717 



133 See p. 290, note 40. 



134 Concluded with Muscat. 



135 Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL TREATIES, CONVENTIONS, AND AGREEMENTS. 



No. 



Description. 



Signed. 



Page. 



460 
461 



462 



463 
with463 



464 

465 
with495 

466 
with502 
with 463 

467 



468 

469 

with 486 

with466 

with 466 

with466 

470 

471 

with 465 

with463 

with 502 

472 
473 
with 495 
with495 



with481 
with 498 
with498 
with498 
with473 

with486 
with 463 
with498 
with 481 
474 
with473 
with 495 



Treaty. Redemption of Sound dues 

Convention. Redemption of Elbe toll 

Convention. Redemption of Scheldt dues 

Convention. Monetary (Scandinavian) 

Danish, Martens 51: 290. 

Convention. Weights and measures 

Convention. Supplementary to the monetary convention of 27 May, 1873 
(Scandinavian). 

Danish and Swedish, Danske Tr. efter 1800, (1863-1879): 456. 

Convention. Telegraph 

Convention. Revising telegraph convention of 22 July, 1875 

Convention. Protection in Morocco 

Enelish, U. S. Tr. I: 1220; French, B. F. S. P. 71: 639; Martens 56: 
624. 
Convention. Amending convention of 1880 (Morocco) 

French, B. F. S. P. 72; 636; Hertslet 15: 253. 

Convention. Precautionary measures against phylloxera 

Convention. Regulating police of North Sea fisheries 

Convention. Protection of industrial property 

Convention. Submarine cables 

General (Congo) act of the conference of Berhn 

Convention. Revising telegraph convention of 22 July, 1875 , 

Resolutions. Concert pitch , 

Convention. International exchange of documents and publications 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. 11: 1959; B. F. S. P. 77: 886. 

Agreement. Technical standardization of railways 

Agreement. Sealing railway trucks subject to customs inspection , 

Convention. International copyright union 

Declaration. Submarine cables .^ , 

Declaration. Submarine cables 

Protocol. Submarine cables 

Convention. Liquor traffic in North Sea 

Convention. Free navigation of Suez Canal 

Declaration. Regulating police of North Sea fisheries 

Convention. Revising telegraph convention of 22 July, 1875 , 

General act of Brussels. Slave trade, importation of firearms, etc., into 
Africa. 

Convention. PubUcation of customs tariffs 

Convention. Transportation of goods by railroad 

Agreement. International registration of trade-marks 

Protocol. Industrial property 

Arrangement. Letters of declared value 

French, B. F. S. P. 83: 947; French and German, Martens 67: 657. 

Convention. Universal postal union 

Convention. Sanitary 

do '. 



.do. 



Additional agreement amending convention of 14 Oct., 1890 (Transporta- 
tion) . 



475 
476 



Additional act supplementing convention of 9 Sept., 1886 (Copyright) 

Convention. Revising telegraph convention of 22 July, 1875 

Convention. Sanitary 

Convention. Universal postal 

Convention. Tonnage measurement of vessels for inland navigation 

Convention. Amending convention of 14 Oct., 1890 (Transportation) 

Act. Additional to industrial property convention of 20 Mar., 1883 

Protocol . Resxunption of friendly relations (International and China) . . . . 
EngUsh, U. S. Tr. II: 2006; MacMmray I: 278; French, Hertslet's 
China Tr. I: 123; Martens 82: 94; B. F. S. P. 91: 686. 

Treaty. Arbitration of pecimiary claims 

Enghsh, U. S. Tr. II: 2062. 

Convention. Protection of birds useful to agriculture 

Convention. Guardianship of minors 

I Agreement. Chinese customs tariff 

Enghsh, Hertslets China Tr. I: 148; Hdb. 1912: 156; B. F. S. P. 97: 
' 659; Hertslet 24: 186; Mac Murray I: 339 

54083—22 8 



14 Mar., 1857 
22 June, 1861 
16 July, 1863 
27 May, 1873 

20 May, 1875 
16 Oct., 1875 



22 July, 1875 

28 July, 1879 

3 July, 1880 



30 Mar., 1881 



3 Nov., 

6 May, 

20 Mar., 

14 Mar., 
26 Feb., 
17 Sept., 
19 Nov., 

15 Mar., 

15 May, 
do.. 

9 Sept., 

1 Dec, 

23 Mar., 

7 July, 

16 Nov., 

29 Oct., 

1 Feb., 

21 June, 

2 July, 

5 July, 
14 Oct., 

14 Apr., 

15 Apr., 

4 July, 

4 July, 

30 Jan., 

15 Apr., 

3 Apr., 

16 July, 

4 May, 

22 July, 
19 Mar., 

15 June, 
4 Feb., 

16 Jtme, 
14 Dec, 

7 Sept., 



1881 
1882 
1883 
1884 
1885 
1885 
1885 



1886 
1886' 



1887 
1887 
1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 



1890 
1890 
1891 
1891 
1891 

1891 
1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 

1896 
1896 
1897 
1897 



1900 
1901 



30 Jan., 1902 

19 Mar., 1902 
12 June, 1902 
29 Aug., 1902 



795 
795 
796 



796 



797 

79,7 



798 
799 
825 
799 
834 
797 
800 



801 
801 
813 
800 
800 
800 
801 
802 
799 
797 
834 

803 
804 
825 
825 



809 
829 
829 
829 
804 

813 
797 
829 
809 
804 
804 
825 



805 

805 



100 



HAl^DBOOK or COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS— Continued 



No. 



Description. 



with 463] Regulations. Supplementing telegraph convention of 22 July, 187.5 

with498| Convention. Sanitary 

with489| Convention. White-slave trade 

477 I Convention. Hospital ships .....[.\[.\ 

478 Convention. Creation of international institute of agriculture '.. 

479 j Convention. Civil procedure 

j Agreement. Whangpu conservancy 

French, Hertslet's China Tr. I: 'l99; B. F. S. P. 98: 1052; English, Mac- 
Murray I: 531. 
Convention. Sanitary (Inter-American) 

English, B. F. S. P. 101: 478; Martens 87: 277; V. S. Tr. II: 2144".""" 

General act of the Algeciras conference 

! English, U. S. Tr. II: 2157; French and German, Martens 84:' 238." " " 

j Convention. Universal postal 

Agreement. Money orders. . . 
[ French, B.F.S. P. 100: 959. 

I Agreement. Postal subscriptions to newspapers. . 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 977; French and German, Martens 86: 465." 

I Agreement. Postal collection of debts, bills, notes, etc 

! French, B. F. S. P. 100: 987; French and German, Martens 86: 455. 

Convention. Parcel post 

French, B. F. S. P. 100; 999; French and German, Martens 86: "430." ' " 

Agreement. Letters of declared value 

French, B. F. S. P. 100: 1034; Hertslet 26: 265; French and German"' 
Martens 86: 395. 

Convention. Status of naturalized citizens 

English, U. S. T. S. No. .575; U. S. Tr. Ill: 125. 
Convention. Establishment of international law commission. . 

English, U. S. Tr. Ill; 129. 

Convention. Additional to convention of 14 Oct., 1890 (Transportation) . 
Prohibiting night work for women in industrial employ- 



Signed. 



10 July, 

3 Dec. 
18 May, 
21 Dec, 

7 June, 
17 July, 1905 
27 Sept.. 1905 



1903 
1903 
1904 
1904 
1905 



with 473 
482 

483 

with 504 
484 



Convention. 

ment. 
Convention. 
Convention. 
Agreement. 



Prohibiting use of white phosphorus in matches . 

Liquor traffic in Africa 

Unification of pharmacopoeial formulae for potent drugs ..'.'. 



14 Oct., 1905 

7 Apr., 1906 

26 May, 1906 
do 



.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 



13 Aug. 

23 Aug. 

19 Sept. 
26 Sept. 

....do., 



1906 



1906 
1906 



Protocol. Turkish custom dutic 

i French, B. F. S. P. 100: 575; Martens 86: 790; Hertslet 25: 'im. " " 

with469 Protocol. Additional to agreement of 15 Mav, 1886 (Railway trucks) 



with468 



485 



with 463 



Final Protocol. Additional to agreement of 15 May, 1886 (Standardiza- 
tion of railways). 
Arrangement. Establishment of international office of public hygiene. ... 

I Convention. Establishment of a Central American court of justice 

I EngUsh, U. S. Tr. TI: 2399. 

I Convention. Establishment of an international Central Americal bureau. 

j EngUsh,U.S.Tr.II: 2411. 

Convention. Communications (Central American) 

English, U. S. Tr. II: 2418. 



487 
488 
489 
490 
491 
492 
493 
494 



with 48) 
with 499 



Convention. Supplementing telegraph convention of 22 July, 1875.. . 

Convention. Revising copyright convention of 9 Sept., 1886 

Convention. International circulation of automobiles 

Agreement. Repression of obscene publications 

Convention. White-slave trade 

Convention. Copyright (Inter- American) 

Convention. Trade-marks (Inter-American) 

Convention . Patents (Inter- American ) 

Convention. Assistance and salvage at sea 

Convention . Collisions between vessels. 

495 ! Convention . Protection of industrial property 

496 I Agreement. Prevention of false indication of origin on goods 

497 1 Convention. Preservation and protection of fur seals 

498 ! Convention. Sanitary 

499 j Convention. Suppression of abuse of opium and other drugs j 

: Agreement. Whangpu conservancy I 

' English, MacMurray II: 954. ' j 

Convention. International wireless ' 

Convention. Uniform classification of i ntenvational foreign trade statistics 
Convention. Safety at sea 

French, Hertslet 27: 416. 

Protocol. Additional to cops^ight convention, of 13 Nov., 1908 

Final protocol. Third international opium conference 

Article. Supplementary to agreement (Whangpu conservancy) of 9Apr. , 
1912. 

English, MacMurray II: 956. 
ReA^ised Chinese customs tariff 

English, MacMurray IT: 1456. 
Convention. Revising general act of Berlin, 26 Feb., 1885, and general 
act and declaration of Brussels, 2 July, 1890. 

Convention. Control of trade in arms and ammunition 

Convention. Liquor traffic in Africa 

Convention. Aerial navigation 

Agreement. Spitzbergen 

English and French, L, N. T. S. 2: 7. 



3 Nov., 
29 Nov.; 
25 Apr., 

18 May, 
18 May, 

9 Dec, 
20 Dec, 



1906 
1906 
1907 

1907 
1907 

1907 
1907 



.do. 
.do. 



11 June, 1908 
13 Nov., 1908 
11 Oct., 1909 

....do 

4 May, 1910 
11 Aug., 1910 

-...do 

20 Aug., 1910 
23 Sept., 1910 

do 

2 June, 1911 
....do 



500 
591 



.503 
504 

505 



7 July,, 1911 
17 Jan., 1912 
23 Jan., 1912 

9 Apr., 1912 

5 July, 1912 
31 Dec, 1913 
20 Jan., 1914 

20 Mar., 1914 
25 June, 1914 
19 Oct., 1915 



19 Dec, 1918 

....do 

10 Sept., 1919 

do 

13 Oct., 1919 
9 Feb., 1920 



797 



817 
806 



808 



804 
810 

811 
839 
811 



801 
801 



812 



797 
812 
816 
816 
817 
818 
819 
821 
822 
823 
825 
827 
827 
828 
830 



831 
833 



813 
830 



834 



840 



LIST OF TREATIES. 
MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS -Continued 



101 



No. j 



Description. 



I Convention. Monetary (Latin) 

j English and French, L. N. T. S. 2: 45. 

withoOs! Protocol. Additional to convention of 13 Oct., 1919 (Aerial navigation). . 

Article additional to monetary conventions of 27 May 1873 and 16 Oct 

j 1875 (Scandinavian). 

I Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish, L. N. T. S. 1: 15. 

Covenant. League of Nations 

Constitution . International labor organization 

Agreement. Preservation or reestablishment of rights of industrial prop- 
erty affected by the World War. 

Treaty. Sleswig 

English and French, L. N. T. S. 2: 241. 

Convention. Universal postal 

(Text not yet reproduced, L. N T. S.3: 267, footnote.) 

Protocol. International court of justice 

Treaty creating federation of Central America 



506 

507 

ith495 



.508 
509 



Signed, 



25 Mar., 1920 

1 May, 1920 
11 May, 1920 



28 June, 1919 
28 June, 1917 
30 June, 1920 

5 July, 1920 

30 Nov., 1920 

16 Dec, 1920 
19 Jan., 1921 



Page. 



840 



842 
844 
825 



846 

847 



DIGESTS OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES, 



BILATERAL TREATIES. 

AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF. 

Treaties with Argentina. 
No. 1. 

Treaty heticeen the United States and Argentina for the free naviga- 
tion of the Rivers Parana and Uruguay. 

SIGNED 10 Jul5^ 1853. Ratifications exchanged 20 Dec, 1854. Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 18-20 ; B. F. S. P. 42 : 718-20 ; Spanish, Argen- 
tina Tr. 8 : 143-50. 

I. Mast-favored-nation treatment is pledged to the flag and 
commerce of the United States respecting any favor or immunity 
which Argentina may grant to the flag or trade of any other nation 
with reference to free navigation of the Eivers Parana and Uru- 
guay. (Art. VIII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Argentina concedes the free navigation of the Rivers Parana 
and Uruguay to the merchant vessels of all nations (Arts. I-II) ; 
even in case of war between any of the States of the River Plate or 
its confluents, except for munitions of war (Art. VI). 

(h) Argentina agrees to maintain beacons and marks to point out 
the channels (Art. Ill) ; and to establish a uniform system of collect- 
ing customhouse duties, harbor, light, police, and pilotage dues along 
the whole course of the waters belonging to her (Art. IV) . 

{c) Both countries agree to use their influence to prevent the pos- 
session of the island of Martin Garcia from being held by any State 
of the River Plate, or its confluents, which shall not have given its 
adhesion to the principle of their free navigation. (Art. V.) 



No. 2. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetmeen the United 

States and Argentina. 

SIGNED 27 July, 1853. Ratifications exchanged 20 Dec, 1854. Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 20-4 ; B. F. S. P. 42 : 720-4 ; Spanish, Argentina 
Tr. 8 : 151-60. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, exemption. 

103 



104 AMERICA, 

privilege, or immunity which either country may grant in 
matters of commerce and navigation to the citizens of any other Gov- 
ernment, nation, or State. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to enter freely and securely 
with ships and cargoes, including mail and passenger boats and 
ships of war, all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce 
in the other; and to remain there and trade in all articles of lawful 
commerce ; hiring and occupying houses and warehouses for residence 
and commerce ; with complete protection and security of persons and 
property in all their business, subject to the laws and regulations in 
force. (Art. II.) 

(b) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, and all prohibitions imposed against importation 
or exportation of products of either country to or from the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) All duties or charges imposed b}^ either country on exportation 
of any articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded by either 
country to diplomatic and consular agents. (Art. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All duties, dues, or charges imposed in ports of either country 

on vessels of the other on account of tonnage, light, harbor, pilotage, 

and salvage in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. V.) 

(h) All duties imposed and all drawbacks or bounties allowed on 

any article imported or exported in vessels of either country to or 

from territories of the other. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Employment of agents in either country by citizens of the 
other; and remuneration to which persons so employed are entitled. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(d) All rights and privileges in courts of justice in either country 
for prosecution and defense of just rights, including free and open 
access thereto, and employment of advocates or other agents therein. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(e) All privileges, liberties, and rights relating to police of the 
ports, loading and unloading of ships, safety of merchandise and 
effects, administration of justice, acquisition and disposal of every 
kind of property in any manner whatever ; and all imposts or duties 
relating to any of these matters, subject to the laws and regulations 
in force. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Payment of ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes (Art. X), 
and any demands made by either country upon property or effects 
of citizens of the other in case of rupture of friendly relations be- 
tween the two countries. (Art. XII.) 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AIN'D AUSTRIA. 105 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels of either country to be recognized by 
the other if carrying ship's papers required bj^ law. (Art. VII.) 

(b) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or otherwise; and to bargain freely and fix 
prices in buying or selling any article imported or exported to or 
from either country. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Administration by consuls of estates of their deceased na- 
tionals, conformably with the laws of the country. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsor}^ military serA^ice, b}^ land or sea, and from all forced 
loans, requisitions, or military exactions. (Art. X.) 

(e) Consular archives and papers of either country to be respected 
inviolably bv magistrates or local authorities in the other. (Art. 
XL) 

(/) In case of rupture between the two countries, citizens of either 
residing in the other may remain and continue their occupation or 
business freely and securely so long as they conduct themselves 
peaceably and do not transgress the laws. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Full protection of citizens of either country in the other, as 
regards their persons, houses, and properties, including freedom of 
religious belief and worship in either country, and right to build, 
establish, and maintain churches and cemeteries. (Art. XIII.) 

Treaty with Austria. 

No. a. 

Treaty of peace heUoeen the United States and Austria. 

SIGNED 24 Aug.. 1 921, at Vienna. Ratitications exchanged there S Nov., 
1921. Effective from exchange of ratitications for indefinite term. (Art. III.) 
TEXT : U. S. T. S. No. 659. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by 
Austria to the United States, and to persons owing permanent alle- 
giance to the United States, with regard to : 

{a) All matters affecting residence, business, profession, trade, 
navigation, commerce, and industrial property rights. (Art. I and 
preamble.) 

{h) All matters in respect of Avhich most-favored-nation treat- 
ment is pledged by Austria to the Allied and Associated Powers in 
the treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye, as noted in this volume under No. 
63, 1 6^/ and II a^e. (Arts. I and II.) 

II National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
unconditionally pledged to the United States and its nationals in all 
matters with regard to" which the same treatment is pledged by Aus- 
tria to the Allied and Associated Powers in the treaty referred to, as 
noted in this volume under Xo. 63, III a.^h and IV. (Ibid.) 



106 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND AUSTRIA.^ 

III. National treatment is pledged to the United States and its 
nationals in all matters with regard to which the same treatment is 
pledged by Austria to the Allied and Associated Powers, as noted in 
this volume under No. 63, V a^g and VI. (Ibid.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Austria undertakes to accord to the United States all the 
rights, privileges, indemnities, reparations, or advantages specified 
in the joint resolution of the Congress of the United States of 2 July, 
1921, including all the rights and advantages stipulated for the bene- 
fit of the United States in the treaty of peace between Austria and 
the Allied and Associated Powers, which the United States shall 
fully enjoy notwithstanding that it has not ratified said treaty. 
(Art. I.) 

{h) It is understood and agreed that: 

1. The rights and advantages stipulated in the treaty referred to, 
which it is intended the United States shall have and enjoy, are those 
defined in Parts V, VI, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, and XIV of that 
treaty; except as noted below under IV h 2 and 4. (Art. II, 1.) 
These articles include all the matters noted in this volume under No. 
63, except only the items named under VII j, h^ n, a?, and z of that 
digest. 

2. The United States shall not be bound by the provisions of Part 
I of said treaty, nor by any provisions of that treaty (including those 
mentioned under IV h above) which relate to the covenant of the 
League of Nations; nor shall the United States be bound by any 
action taken by the League of Nations or by the council or by the 
assembly thereof, unless the United States shall expressly give its 
assent to such action. (Art. II, 2.) 

3. The United States assumes no obligations under or with respect 
to the provisions of Part II (frontiers of Austria), Part III (po- 
litical clauses for Europe), Part IV (Austrian in.terests outside 
Europe), and Part XIII (labor) of that treaty. (Art. II, 3.) 

4. While the United States is privileged to participate in the repa- 
ration commission, and in any other commission established under 
said treaty or under any agreement supplemental thereto, the United 
States is not bound to participate iii any such commission unless it 
shall elect to do so. (Art. II, 4.) 

5. The periods of time referred to in Article 381 of the treaty of 
St. Germain- en-Lay e shall run, with respect to any act or election 
on the part of the United States, from the date of the going into 
force of the present treaty. (Art. III.) 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND BELGIUM. 107 

Treaty with Belgium. 

No. 4. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States and 
Belgium. 

SIGNED 8 Mar., 1875. Ratifications exchanged 11 June, 1875. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination on 12 months' notice 
by either party. (Art. XVI.) Art. XII (regarding duties of customs and navi- 
gation) is terminable separately at any time on 1 year's notice. (Art. XII.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 90-4 ; B. F. S. P. 66 : 116-19 ; French, Martens 
51 : 54-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, or 
immunity which either country may grant in matters relating to 
duties of customs and navigation. (Art. XII.) 

Alost- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All duties imposed by either country on importation or re- 
exportation of products of the other. (Art. XII.) 

{h) Treatment of each other's vessels as regards coasting trade 
between ports of either country. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) All privileges, immunities, and other favors concerning com- 
merce and industry in either country, and payment of duties, taxes, 
or imposts relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

{b) Security and protection of commerce and navigation between 
the two countries. (Art. I.) 

(<?) All duties of tonnage, pilotage, clearance, and all other dues 
of every description levied in ports of either country on ships of the 
other, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination. 
(Arts. II-III.) 

{d) All duties, charges, or restrictions on objects of any kind im- 
ported into either country in ships of the other, from whatever place 
arriving. (Art. V.) 

{e) Any duties or formalities imposed upon articles of any de- 
scription exported from either country in ships of the other. (Art. 
VI.) 

(/) All premiums, drawbacks, and similar favors allowed by 
either country on goods imported or exported in national vessels, 
which shall be likewise allowed on goods imported directly from 
either country by its vessels into the other, or exported from either 
country by vessels of the other to any destination (Art. VII) ; except 
special privileges which either country may grant for importation 
under its own flag of the produce of national fisheries (Art. VIII). 

{g) Warehouse charges and any formalities imposed in either 
country on goods imported from the other while awaiting transit, 



108 AMERICA, UjN^ITED STATES OF, AXD BOLIVIA. 

reexportation, or entry for consumption, to be the same as on goods 
imported under the national flag. (Art. XI.) 

{h) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded by either 
-country to vessels of the other in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. 
XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Nationalit}' of vessels to be recognized reciprocally if carry- 
ing ship's papers issued by competent authorities of either country 
comformably with its laws. (Art. IX.) 

{h) Vessels of either country in ports of the other may retain 
on board parts of their cargoes destined for a foreign country with- 
out being subject to any charges whatever, except those for preven- 
tion of smuggling. (Art. X.) 

[c) During period allowed by law for w^arehousing, no duties 
other than of watch and storage shall be levied in either country on 
articles brought from the other while awaiting transit, reexporta- 
tion, or entry for consumption. (Art. XI.) 

{d) Exemption from transit duty in either country of permitted 
articles coming from or going to the other; subject to limitations 
regarding transit routes, and to regulations for protection of the 
revenue, etc. (Art. XIV.) 

{e) Detailed provision concerning reciprocal protection of trade- 
marks. (Art. XV.) 

Treaty with Bolivia. 

No. 5. 

Treaty of peace^ frlendslup. commerce^ and namgation hetween the 
United States and Bolivia. 

SIGNED 13 May, 1858. Hatificatioiis exchanged 9 Nov., 1862. Effective for 10 
years, and thereafter indetinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' notict- 
from either party. (Art. XXXVI.) 

TP:XT: United States Tr. 1:113-2.1; B. F. S. P. 48:759-71; Spanish, Bolivia 
Tr. Vig. : 289-309. 

I. Most-favored-nation-treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally^ pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any particular favor which either country may grant in 
navigation or commerce (Art. II) ; except the coasting trade of both 
countries (Art. Ill) ; and except privileges concerning navigation of 
rivers presenting obstructions (Art. II). 

Most-favorecl-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) Right of citizens of either country to frequent with their ves- 
;sels all coasts, ports, and places of the other where foreign commerce 
is permitted. (Art. III.) 



AMEPvK^A, UNLTKD ?>TATiiS OF, AXD BOLIVIA. 109 

(h) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, also any prohibitions imposed against importation 
or exportation of products of either country to or from the other. 
(Alt. VI.) 

(6') All duties or charges imposed by either country on exportation 
of anr articles to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(d) All favors, immunities, exemptions, or privileges accorded by 
either country to envovs, ministers, and other public agents. (Art. 
XXX.) 

(e) Appointment of consular officers in ports open to foreign com- 
merce in either coimtry, and all rights, prerogatives, and immunities 
accorded to them. (Art. XXXI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Freedom of citizens of either country in all ports of the other ^x? 
to trade in any goods or products not prohibited to all. (Art. III.)"*^^^ 

(h) Importation and exportation. Any products of foreign coun- 
tries which may lawfully be imported into, and any articles which 
may lawfully be exported or reexported from either country in its 
own vessels, ma}^ likewise be imported, exported, or reexported in 
ships of the other from whatever place arriving and for any foreign 
destination without paying higher or other duties on tonnage of the 
vessel and her cargo and subject to the same bounties, duties, and 
drawbacks as when carried in national vessels or those of the most- 
fa vored-natiom. (Art. TV.) 

{c) Eight of citizens of either country in all ports and places sub- 
ject to jurisdiction of the other to manage their own business as 
regards consignment and sale of goods and merchandise by Avhole- 
sale or retail, and loading, unloading, or dispatching of ships. (Art. 



VII.) 



r»ijj •!(> IrAiUiUis 



{(I) Bolivia further engages to accorcl to citizens of the United 
States who may establish a line of steamships for regular service 
between ports and bays of Bolivia the same privileges and favors en- 
joyed by any other association or company of the same character. 
Steamships of either country shall not be subjected in ports of 
the other to any duties of tonnage, harbor, or other similar duties 
whatsoever than those payable bv anv other association or companv. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(e) Imposts and contributions payable on account of commerce 
or' property b}^ consular officers and persons attached to consu- 
lates, not being citizens of the country in which they reside. (Art. 
XXXIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 



110 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND B{3LIVIA. 

(a) Any taxes, imposts, and municipal or police regulations con- 
cerning the opening of retail stores and shops in either country by 
citizens of the other. (Art. III.) 

(h) Tonnage duties or port charges pa3^able by A'essels of either 
country loading or discharging foreign cargo at different ports 
of the other on the same voyage, but the coasting trade of both 
countries is reserved for regulation by their respective laws. (Art. 

fii.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to travel in any part of 
the other, with the same security and protection as natives of the 
country, on condition of submitting to the laws, decrees, and ordi- 
nances in force. (Art. III.) 

(d) Assistance and protection by either country to vessels of the 
other in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. X.) 

(e) Disposal of or succession to personal property in any man- 
ner, b}^ will or otherwise, and payment of duties or charges relating 
thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Access to courts of justice in either country, and employment 
of advocates and other agents therein; also rights of judicial pro- 
cedure described. Citizens of either country engaging in internal 
political questions are subject to the same measures of punishment 
and precaution as citizens of the country where they reside. (Art. 
XIII.) 

IV. other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country may reside in all parts of the other, 
their dwellings and warehouses and everything belonging thereto 
being exempt from any arbitrary visits or search. No examination of 
their books, papers, or accounts shall be made without the legal order 
of a competent tribunal or judge. They shall further be exempt from 
all forced loans and occasional contributions and from liability to 
embargo or detention with their vessels and property for any mili- 
tary expedition or other public purpose without full indemnification 
paid in advance. (Art. III.) 

(h) Assistance and protection to vessels of either country seeking 
refuge or asylum in rivers, ports, or dominions of the other. (Art. 

^^•) ... 

(c) Special protection is assured to citizens of either country in 
the other as regards their persons and property. (Art. XIII.) 

(d) Bolivia regards the Amazon and La Plata with their tribu- 
taries as highways or channels open by nature for the commerce of 
all nations, and invites commercial vessels of all nations to navigate 
freely in any part of their course pertaining to her, subject only to 
the conditions established by this treaty, and regulations made in 
accordance therewith. (Art. XXVI.) All places on these tributa- 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND BORNEO. Ill 

ries accessible to vessels adapted to shoal river navigation or other 
vessels of the United States shall be considered as ports open to for- 
eign commerce and subject to the provisions of this treaty. (Art. 
XXVII.) 

(e) In case of war, merchants of either country residing in the 
other have from six to twelve months to wind up their business and 
leave the country. Citizens of other occupations may remain in 
full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless by their 
conduct they forfeit this protection (Art. XXVIII) ; their property 
of specified kinds to be exempt from sequestration or confiscation 
(Art. XXIX). 

(/) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to freedom of 
conscience and religion, and right of burial (Art. XIV) ; neutrality 
(Arts. XV-XVI) ; contraband (Arts. XVII-XIX) ; blockade (Art. 
XX) ; visit and search (Arts. XXI-XXIII) ; prize courts (Art. 
XXIV) ; privateers (Art. XXV). 

(g) Consular officers, etc., of either country are exempt in the 
other from all kinds of imposts and contributions, except those im- 
posed on account of commerce or property. Consular archives and 
papers to be respected inviolably. (Art. XXXIII.) 

(h) Citizens of either country to be personally responsible for 
infringement of any article of this treaty. (Art. XXXVI.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Nothing in this treaty shall be construed or operate contrary to 
former and existing public treaties with other sovereigns and States. 
(Art. XXXVI.) 

(h) Provisions of this treaty do not apply to navigation and 
coasting trade between one port and another in the territory of 
either country. (Art. III.) 

(c) As regards navigation of rivers, the most-favored-nation pro- 
vision in Article II of this treaty applies only to concessions for 
navigating fluvial streams which do not present obstructions. (Art. 
II, note.) 

Treaty with Borneo. 

No. 6. 

Convention of amity, commerce, and navigation hetiueen the United 
States and Borneo {British protectorate territory). 

SIGNED 23 June, 1850. Ratifications exchanged 11 July, 1853. Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 130-2 ; Martens 44 : 417-20. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in 
general terms regarding all privileges or advantages which either 
country may grant with respect to commerce or otherwise. (Art. II.) 



112 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND BRAZIL. 



, ^ ^.^^,.^. >.. .x^,., , ,,^ , 



II. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of the United States m^j acquire in Borneo all kinds 
of property by purchase, rent, or in any other legal way, and shall 
enjoy full protection and security for themselves and their property.. 
(Art. III.) 

(5) No article whatever shall be prohibited from being imported 
into or exported from Borneo. (Art. IV.) 

(<?) American vessels entering ports of Borneo shall pay a duty of 
$1 per registered ton, which shall be in lieu of all other charges or 
duties whatsoever. American trade and goods are exempt from any 
internal duties or injurious regulations in Borneo. (Art. V.) 

(d) No dutj^ whatever shall be levied in Borneo on exportation of 
any of its products. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Right of American ships of war to enter ports and rivers of 
Borneo, and to provide themselves Avith supplies at a fair and mod- 
erate price. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Assistance and protection to be given to American vessels 
wrecked on coasts of Borneo and to persons and property of all on 
board. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) Exclusive jurisdiction of the American consul in case of crimes 
committed by American citizens in Borneo and of all civil disputes 
to which an American is party. (Art. IX.) 

Treaty with Brazil. 

No. 7. 

Preferential tariff arrangement between the United States and Brazil. 

CONCLUDED in 1904, and since 1906 antliorized annually. Tlie concessions 
for the year 1921 were authorized by article 60, of the budget law of 31 Dec, 
1920, and were made eifective bv Brazilian presidential decree of 9 Mar., 1921 .<* 

TEXT: Portuguese, Brazil D.'o. 12 Mar., 1921. 

" During the current fiscal 3^ear the following American goods shall 
enjoy a reduction in import duties as hereby prescribed : Wheat flour ^ 
30 per cent ; and a reduction of 20 per cent on the following articles ; 
Condensed milk; rubber articles as per article 1033 of the tariff; 
clocks; dyes as per article 173 of the tariff (except writing inks); 
varnishes; typewriting machines; refrigerators; pianos; balances; 
windmills ; cement ; corsets ; dried fruits ; school furniture ; writing 
desks." 

For a brief outline history of the abov<^ pref erentials down to 1916, 
see United States Department of Comnierce, Tariff Series No. 34; 
121-2. 



« Cbntinued for 1922 without change; by pi-esidentlal decree of 4 Jan., 1922, 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AXD CHINA. 113? 

Treaties with China/ 

No. 8. 

Treaty of peace^ amity ^ and covi/inerce hetween the United States and 
Chhia.. 

SIGNED 18 June, 1858. Ratifications exchangetl 16 Aug., 1859. Duration 
indefinite. Substituted for treaty of 3 July, 1844, so far as provisions relate 
to identical subjects. (United States Ti-. I: 196. note.) Art. XYIII has been 
terminated, as from 1 July, 1916. (U. S. 66tli Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 2 : 2.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. 1 : 211-32 ; Hertslet's China Tr. 1 : 540^52. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged in general terms 
by China to the United States, its public officers, merchants, and 
citizens respecting any right, privilege, or favor concerning naviga- 
tion, commerce, and political or other intercourse. (Art. XXX.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to: 
{a) Eight of representative of the United States to reside at the 
Chinese capital. (Art. VI.) 

(5) Duties payable by United States citizens on imports or ex- 
ports of goods to or from China. (Art. XV.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) deception and intercourse of diplomatic representatives in 
China. (Arts. IV-VIII.) 

{h) Right of United States to appoint consuls in China. (Art. X.) 

{c) Protection of United States citizens in China. Crimes by 
Chinese against Americans to be punished by Chinese authorities 
under Chinese law ; wrongs by Americans against Chinese, by Amer- 
ican officials under American law. (Art. XI.) 

{d) Right of United States citizens to rent houses and places of 
business, or sites on which to build houses, hospitals, churches, and 
cemeteries at any port open to foreign commerce. (Art. XII.) 

{e) Assistance to American vessels wrecked or plundered on the 
coast of China. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Residence and trade permitted to Americans at the ports of / 
Canton, Chau-chau, Amoy. Fuh-chau. Tai-wan. Xingpo, Shanghai,, 
and anv port or place thereafter opened l)v treatv with anv power.. 
(Art. XIV.) 

{g) Right of Americans to engage pilots, servants, linguists, la- 
borers, seamen, etc. (Art. XVII.) 

{h) Formalities regarding ship's papers, etc., on arrival of mer- 
chant vessels in Chinese ports. (Art. XIX.) 

^Art. XVII of the treaty of 8 Oct.. 1903, provides that the treaties which were in force 
on 1 Jan., 1900, between United States and China shall continue in full force and effect, 
except in so far as modified by that treaty, or by other treaties to which the United 
States is a party. (Uhited States Tr., I : 269 ; Martens, 81 : 596.) 



114 AMEEICA, 

(^) Customs examinations: Disputes to be referred to United 
States consul. (Art. XX.) 

(j) Procedure concerning reexportation of merchandise from 
Chinese ports. (Art. XXI.) 

(k) Written permits required for transshipment of goods at Chin- 
ese ports. (Art. XXIII.) 

(l) Collection of debts in local consular courts. (Art. XXIY.) 

(m) Officers and citizens of the United States may purchase all 
manner of books in China, and employ Chinese subjects to teach 
languages and assist in literary labors. (Art. XXV.) 

(n) American jurisdiction of controversies occurring in China be- 
tween American citizens. Controversies between Americans and sub- 
jects of other Governments to be regulated by treaties between the 
United States and such Governments. (Art. XXVII.) 

(o) Consular supervision of communications of Americans with 
Chinese local officers. Controversies between Chinese and Americans 
to be examined and decided by officers of the two nations conjointlv. 
(Art. XXVIII.) 

(p) Freedom of Americans and Chinese converts to teach and 
practice the principles of Christianity. (Art. XXIX.) 



No. 9. 

Treaty of trade^ consuls, and emigration hetween the United States 

and China. 

SIGNED 28 July, 1868. Ratifications exclianged 23 Nov., 1869. Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 234-6 ; Hertslet's China Tr. 1 : 554-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged to citi- 
zens of either country in the other with regard to : 

{a) All privileges, immunities, or exemptions concerning travel 
or residence.^ But this shall not be held to confer naturalization 
upon citizens of either country in the other. (Art. VI.) 

(h) All privileges of the public educational institutions under the 
control of the government in either country. (Art. VII.) 

2 The most-favored-nation provisions of this treaty concerning travel and residence 
(noted above under la) were modified by the immigration treaty of 17 Nov., 1880, be- 
tween the United States and China in the following respects : 

(a) China agrees that the United States may reasonably regulate, limit or suspend, 
but not absolutely prohibit, the coming of Chinese laborers to the United States, and 
their residence therein. (Art. I.) 

(6) Chinese subjects proceeding to the United States as teachers, students, merchants, 
or from curiosity, and Chinese laborers already settled in the United States, are entitled 
to all the rights, privileges, immunities, and exemptions accorded to citizens and subjects 
of the most-favored nation. (Arts. II-III.) (United States Tr. I : 237-9.) 



AND CHIiTA. 115 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Affirmation of China's right of eminent domain over land and 
waters where subjects of foreign powers are permitted to reside or 
trade. Grants by China to the United States or its citizens of rights 
in land shall not divest the Chinese authorities of their right of juris- 
diction over persons and property thereon, except so far as that right 
may have been expressly relinquished by treaty. (Art. I.) 

(h) Both countries tigree that any privilege or immunity concern- 
ing trade or navigation in China not stipulated for by treaty is sub- 
ject to the discretion and regulation of the Chinese Government, but 
not in a manner incompatible with treaty stipulations of the parties. 
(Art. II.) 

(c) Consuls of China at ports of the United States to enjoy the 
same privileges and immunities as those of Great Britain and Kussia. 
(Art. III.) 

(d) Liberty of conscience and religious freedom pledged to na- 
tionals of each country in the other, including protection for their 
cemeteries. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Both countries agree to pass laws penalizing involuntary or 
forced emigration from either country. (Art. Y.) 

(/) Right of nationals of either country to establish schools in 
the other. (Art. VII.) 

(g) ^Yhenever China may decide to construct railroads, telegraphs, 
or other material internal improvements, the United States pledges 
assistance by designating and authorizing suitable engineers to be 
employed by the Chinese Government. (Art. VIII.) 



No. 10. 



Treaty Vetween the United States and China regarding commer- 
cial intercourse and judicial procedure. 

SIGNED 17 Nov., 1880. Ratifications exchanged 19 July, 1881. Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT : Un ted States Tr. 1 : 239-41 ; Martens 61 : 728-9 ; Hertslet's Cliina Tr. 
1 : 560-2. 

I. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged as follows : 

{a) No other or higher tonnage dues, or duties for imports or ex- 
ports, or coastwise trade, shall be imposed in open j)orts of China 
upon American vessels and their cargoes imported into China from 
any source, or exported from China for any destination, or trans- 
ported from one open port of China to another, than are imposed on 
vessels or cargoes of any other nation, or on those of Chinese sub- 
jects. (Art. III.) 

54083—22 ^9 



116 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND (^HINA. 

(6) Similaii}^ no other or higher tonnage dues or duties for im- 
ports shall be imposed in ports of the United States on Chinese ves- 
sels coming from or going to any open port of China, or on mer- 
chandise imported by them from China or an}^ foreign country, than 
are imposed on vessels of other nations, or on vessels and cargoes of 
citizens of the United States. (Art. III.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) The nationals or vessels of either country are prohibited from 
importing opium into the other; citizens of the United States being 
further forbidden to buy or sell opium in any open port of China, 
or to transport the same from one open port to another. This abso- 
lute prohibition shall be enforced by appropriate legislation on both 
sides. The benefits of the favored-nation clause in existing treaties 
can not be claimed by nationals of either country as against the pro- 
visions of this article. (Art. II.) 

(h) Controversies arising in China between Americans and Chi- 
nese to be tried by officials of defendant's nationality in accordance 
with the law of defendant's countr}^ ; but authorized officials of plain- 
tiff's nationality ma}^ take part in the proceedings. (Art. IV.) 



No. 11. 



Treaty regarding coiiwiercial relations between the United States 
and China^ as revised hy sufjjlementary treaty of W Oct.^ 1920.^ 

SIGNED 8 Oct., 1903, at Shanghai. Ratifications exchanged 13 Jan., 1904. 
Effective from exchange of ratifications for successive periods of 10 years, sub- 
ject to revision at the end of eacli 10-vear period on demand from either partv. 
(Art. XVII.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 261-90 ; Martens 81 : 587-98 ; Hertslet's China 
Tr. 1 : 566-78. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged in regard to : 

{a) All prerogatives, privileges, and immunities to be accorded in 
either country to diplomatic representatives of the other. (Art. I.) 

(1?) Attributes, privileges, immunities, and jurisdiction of consu- 
lar officers of either country in the other. (Art. II.) 

{c) Eights, privileges, and immunities of American citizens resid- 
ing in Chinese ports or places open to foreign residence and trade, 
as regards their persons and property. (Art. III.) 

{d) Duties payable in either country by citizens of the other, with 
special reference to tariff duties on goods imported. (Art. V.) 

{e) Right of citizens, firms, and corporations of the United States 
to engage in conveyance of passengers and lawful merchandise on 
navigable inland waters of the Chinese Empire. (Art. XII.) 

3U. S. T. S. No. 657. 



AMEEICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND CHrNA. 117 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment is pledged 
by China as regards regulations and conditions to be imposed on 
citizens of the United States desiring to engage in mining operations 
and other necessary business relating thereto, with special reference 
to renting of mineral land, payment of royalty, etc. (Art. VII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(V?) American citizens are i^errnitted to reside, trade, or pursue ^__ 
any lawful avocation in ports and places of China open to foreign 
residence and trade, and within localities set apart for foreigners 
may rent or purchase buildings and rent or lease land in perpetuity 
and build thereon. (Art. III.) 

{h) Abolition of lihin and other transit dues in China. Surtax 
on imports not to exceed one and one-half times the import duties. 
Export duties (including surtax) not to exceed T^ per cent ad 
valorem. Procedure detailed. (Art. IV.) 

[c) Tariff duties payable by citizens of the United States on 
goods imported into China to be as set forth in schedule annexed to 
supplementary treaty of 20 Oct., 1920,^ but in no case other or 
higher than paid by subjects of most-favored nations. (Art. V.) 

{d) Right of United States citizens to establish bonded warehouses 
at open ports for purposes named and subject to conditions stated. 
(Art. VI.) 

(g) Revision of mining regulations by China, with a view to 
attracting foreign capital. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Drawback certificates issued by China, to be receivable in pa)^- 
ment of all duties (except tonnage duties) or redeemable in ready 
money at port of issue. (Art. VIII.) 

{g) Protection in either country of trade-marks, patents, and 
copyrights belonging to subjects of the other. (Arts. IX-XI.) 

{K) Opening of Mukden and Antung to foreign residence and 
trade. (Art. XII.) 

(?') China agrees to provide for uniform national coinage which 
shall be legal tender in paj^ment of all duties, taxes, or other obliga- 
tions throughout the Empire. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Protection of Americans and Chinese converts, teaching and 
professing the Christian religion in China, with permission to 
American missionary societies to lease land in perpetuity and to 
erect buildings in all parts of China fori missionar^^ purposes. 
(Art. XIV.) 

{h) The United States agrees to relinquish its exterritorial 
rights when satisfied that the state of the Chinese laws, their ad- 
ministration, etc., warrant it in so doing. (Art. XV.) 

(Z) Prohibition of the import of morphia into China and of in- 
struments for its injection, except for medical purposes. China 

8U. S. T. S. No. 657. 



118 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND COLOMBIA. 

undertakes to prevent domestic manufacture of morphia and of 
instruments for its injection. (Art. XVI.) 

(m) Treaties in force on 1 Jan., 1900, are confirmed and con- 
tinued in force, except as modified by the present treaty or by other 
treaties to which the United States is a party. (Art. XVII.) 

(n) Eevised import tariff annexed to the treaty of 20 Oct., 1920,* 
containing extensive schedules of tariff duties payable on goods im- 
ported into China. (Annex I.) 

(o) Revised rules concerning customs valuation of merchandise 
imported into China; exemption of specified articles from import 
duty; prohibition or restriction of import trade in salt, arms and 
munitions of war, and in opium and other articles named. (Supp. 
tr.,^ Annex II.) 

Treaties with Colambia (New Granada). 
No. 12. 

Treaty of peace^ amity^ navigation^ and eomnierce hePween the 
United States a,nd Colombia {Ne%o Granada) . 

SIGNED 12 Dec, 1846. Ratifications exchanged 10 June, 1848. Effective 
for 20 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XXXV.) Art. XXXIII terminated as from 1 July, 1916. (U. S., 
66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 2:3.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. I: 302-14; Spanish and English, Colombia Tr. 
Pub. 1883 1 : 38-57 ; German, Martens 42 : 653-69. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exception noted below) 
respecting any favor which either country may grant in matters of 
commerce and navigation. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) All duties levied by either country on importation of products 
of the other, from whatever place arriving, and any prohibitions 
imposed by either country against importation or exportation of 
products of either country to or from the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) All duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any articles to the other. (Art. V.) 

(e) Treatment of vessels of either country and their cargoes in 
ports of the other, from whatever place arriving, and whatever the 
origin of the cargoes; with special reference to payment of duties. 
(Art. VI.) 

(d) All favors, immunities, exemptions, or privileges accorded by 
either country to envoys, ministers, and other public agents. (Art. 
XXIX.) 

(e) All rights, prerogatives, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular agents in ports open to foreign commerce in either country. 
(Art. XXX.) 

3 U. S. T. S. No. 657. 



AND COLOMBIA. 119 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged to citizens of either country, in all ports and 
places subject to jurisdiction of the other, respecting the right to 
manage their own business as regards consignment and sale of mer- 
chandise by wholesale or retail, and loading, unloading, or dispatch- 
ing of ships. (Art. VII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, and exemptions concerning naviga- 
tion and commerce; except the coasting trade of either country, 
which is reserved for regulation b3^ their respective laws. (Art. III.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country to frequent all coasts and 

countries of the other and to reside and trade there in all kinds of 

produce and merchandise, on submitting to the laws and established 

usages of the country. (Art. III.) 

(h) Importation and exportation: Any article of commerce which 
may be lawfully imported into or exported from either country in its 
own vessels may likewise be imported, exported, or reexported in 
ships of the other, from whatever place arriving, without paying 
higher or other duties on tonnage of the vessel and her cargo and 
subject to the same bounties, duties, or drawbacks as when carried 
in national vessels. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Assistance and protection by either country to vessels of the 
other in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. XI,) 

(d) Disposal of, or succession to, real and personal property in 
either country, by will or otherwise, and payment of dues relating 
thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Protection of persons and property of each other's citizens, 
including open access to courts of justice, employment of advocates, 
and rights of judicial procedure. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) National treatment is further pledged to the citizens, vessels, 
and merchandise of the United States in ports of Colombia (in- 
cluding those of the Isthmus of Panama) respecting all exemptions, 
privileges, and immunities concerning commerce and navigation 
with special reference to passengers, correspondence, and merchan- 
dise of the United States in transit from sea to sea, and any dues, 
tolls, or charges relating thereto. (Art. XXXV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens and their vessels, cargoes, 
etc., from any embargo or detention for any military expedition or 
other purpose, unless sufficient indemnification is made. (Art. VIII.) 

(&) In case of war between the two countries, merchants of either 
residing in the other shall have from 6 to 12 months to arrange their 
business and transport their effects, and safe conduct to port. Citi- 



120 AMERK^i, UNITED STATES OF, AND COLOMBIA. 

zens of other occupations may remain in full enjoyment of their per- 
sonal liberty and property, unless by their conduct they forfeit this 
protection. (Art. XXVII.) 

(c) Reciprocal exemption from sequestration or confiscation of 
debts, shares, or money in event of national differences between the 
two countries. (Art. XXVIII.) 

{d) Exemptions of lawful merchandise belonging to citizens of the 
United States from all import duties when passing from sea to sea 
across the Isthmus of Panama for exportation to any foreign coun- 
try. (Art. XXXV.) 

(e) Eeciprocal guarantees concerning the Isthmus of Panama with 
reference to transit, neutrality, and rights of sovereignty and prop- 
erty. (Art. XXXV.) 

(/) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning ships in distress 
(Art. IX) ; piracy (Art. X) ; freedom of religion (Art. XIV) ; neu- 
trality, contraband, blockade, visit and search, prizes, etc. (Arts. 
XV-XXV). 

V. Exceptions. — The coasting trade of both countries is reserved 
for regulation by their respective laws. (Art. III.) 



No. 13. 



Treaty for settlevient of differences hetioeen the United States and 
Colombia. 

SIGNED 6 Apr., 1914. Ratification (with amendments) advised by the 

United States Senate 19 Apr., 1921. Ratified by Colombia 22 Dec, 1920. 

Ratifications exchanged, 1 Mar., 1922. ^ 

TEXT : Cong. Rec. 61 : 378-80. ' 

This treaty stipulates that : 

{a) Products and mails of Colombia passing through the canal 
shall be exempt from any charge or duty not payable by the products 
and mails of the United States. (Art. I, 2.) 

{h) Colombian products, such as cattle, salt, and provisions, shall 
be admitted into the Canal Zone and the islands and mainland occu- 
pied by the United States as auxiliary and accessory thereto, but 
without paying other duties or charges than those payable by similar 
products of the United States. (Art. I, 2.) 

{c) Colombian citizens crossing the Canal Zone shall be exempt 
from every toll, tax, or duty to which citizens of the United States 
are not subject. (Art. I, 3.) 

{dj) Whenever traffic by the canal is interrupted or it becomes nec- 
essary for any reason to use the 'railway the officers, agents, em- 
ployees, troops, materials of war, products, and mails of Colombia 
shall be carried by rail on the same terms and paying only the same 
charges and duties as the officers, agents, employees, troops, materials 
of war, products, and mails of the United States. (Art. I, 4.) 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND COSTA RICA. 121 

(e) Colombia shall be at liberty to transport its troops, materials 
of war. and ships of war through the canal without paying any 
charges to the United States. (Art. I, 1.) 

(/) Coal, petroleum, and seasalt, being products of Colombia and 
for Colombian consumption, passing to or from the Atlantic coast of 
Colombia from or to any Colombian port on the Pacific coast shall, 
whenever traffic by the canal is interrupted, be transported over the 
railw^ay free of any charge except actual cost of handling and trans- 
portation, which shall not in any case exceed one-half the ordinary 
freight charges on similar products of the United States passing 
over the railway and in transit from one port to another of the 
United States. (Art. I, 6.) 

(g) The United States agrees to pay Colombia the sum of $25,- 
000,000 gold. (Art. II.) 7^(H<. 

(h) Colombia recognizes Panama as an independent nation, within 
boundaries stated. In consideration of this recognition the United 
States undertakes to assist in settling all differences between Co- 
lombia and Panama in the manner described. (Art. III.) 

Treaty with Costa Rica. 
No. 14. 

Treaity of frmidship ^ commerce^ and navigation hetioeen the United 
Stojtes and Costa Rica. 

SIGNED 10 July, 1851. Ratifications exchanged 26 May, 1852. Duration 
indefinite; but Arts. IV, V, and VI (dealing with customs duties, shipping dues, 
bounties, drawbacks, etc.) are terminable bv 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XIII.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. 1:341-6; Martens 45 (pt. 1) : 113-19; Spanish and 
English. Costa Rica Tr. 1907 : 47-55. 

I. Most- favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, or im- 
munity whatever which either country may grant in matters of com- 
merce and navigation (Art. Ill), except the coasting trade of both 
countries, which is reserved for national vessels. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Hight of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes (including mail boats and war ships) all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in territories of the other ; to remain 
:and reside there, and to hire and occupy houses and warehouses, 
with complete protection and security for commerce in all respects, 
subject to the laws and statutes in force. (Arts. II-III.) 

(h) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other ; also any prohibitions against importation or expor- 
tation of products of either country to or from the other. (Art. lY.) 



122 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND COSTA EICA. 

(c) All duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities conceded by either 
country to diplomatic and consular agents. (Art. X.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 
(a) All duties or payments on account of tonnage, light, harbor, 
pilotage, salvage, and all other local charges levied in ports of either 
country on ships of the other. ° (Art. Y.) 

(h) All duties, bounties, or drawbacks on importation or exporta- 
tion of products of either country to or from the other, whether 
carried in vessels of either nation. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs 
in the other, personally or otherwise, in any capacity, without remu- 
neration to persons employed other than native citizens' pay ; also 
right to buy, sell, and fix price of goods exported or imported. 
(Art. VII.) 

(d) Full protection for persons and property in either country, 
including open access to courts of justice and employment of advo- 
cates or others therein. (Art. VII.) 

(e) All privileges, liberties, rights, duties, and imposts relating 
to police of the ports; loading and unloading of ships; safety of 
merchandise, goods, and effects; administration of justice, acquisi- 
tion and disposal of or succession to personal property by will or 
otherwise; subject in all these matters to the laws and regulations 
in force. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes imposed by either 
country on resident citizens of the other; also any charges or de- 
mands upon property in case of rupture or war between the two 
countries. (Arts. IX and XI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by sea or land, and from all forced loans and military 
exactions or requisitions. (Art. IX.) 

(h) In case of rupture or war between the two countries, citizens 
of either residing in the other may remain and continue their trade 
or employment without interruption, so long as they behave peace- 
ably and commit no offense against the laws. In case they prefer to 
leave the country, they have from six to twelve months to dispose 
of their property, and safe-conduct to port, their property of all 
kinds being exempt from seizure, sequestration, detention, or confis- 
cation. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Freedom of religious belief and worship, including right to 
establish churches and cemeteries. (Art. XII.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

The coasting trade of both countries is reserved for their respec- 
tive national vessels. (Art. II.) 



AMEEICA, U^STITED STATES OF, AND CUBA. 123 

Treaty with Cuba. 
No. 15. 

Commercial convention hetween the United States and Cuba. 

SIGNED 11 Dec, 1902. Ratifications exchanged 31 Mar., 1903. Terminable 
by one year's notice from either party (Art. XI), or by six months' notice 
under conditions stated (Art. X). 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 358-7 ; Martens 81 : 473-7 ; Spanish, Cuba Conv. 
1903-8 : 83-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
garding consular fees which either country may establish for issuing 
shipping documents (Art. Y) ; and respecting any tax or charge which 
national or local authorities of either country may impose upon 
articles of merchandise embraced in provisions of this convention 
subsequent to their importation and prior to their entering into 
consumption (Art. IX). 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Continued duty-free admission into either country of all 
products of the other which were so admitted in 1903. (Art. I.) 

{h) All products of either country not admitted into the other free 
of duty in 1903 are to be reciprocally admitted at a reduction of 20 
per cent of the regular rates of duty thereon. (Arts. II-III.) 

{c) United States products specified in Schedules A, B, and C of 
this convention to be admitted into Cuba at reductions of 25, 30, 
and 40 per cent, respectively. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Any laws or regulations adopted by either country to protect 
the revenues, or for the purpose of proving that the articles con- 
cerned are truly products of the other country, shall not impose any 
additional charge or fees on such articles, except consular fees for 
issuing shipping documents. (Art. V.) 

{e) Tobacco in any form, of the United States or any of its insular 
possessions, shall not enjoy the benefit of any concession or rebate of 
duty when imported into Cuba. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Similar articles of both countries to receive equal treatment on 
their importation into each other's ports. (Art. VII.) 

{g) The rates of duty granted by either country to the other in 
this treaty shall be preferential in respect to all like imports from 
other countries. Provided that Cuban suo^ar shall not be admitted 
into the United States at a greater reduction than 20 per cent of the 
rates of duty thereon provided by the United States tariff act of 1897 ; 
and no sugar the product of any other foreign country shall be ad- 
mitted by treaty or convention into the United States at a lower 
rate of duty than that provided by the said act of 1897. (Art. VIII.) 



124 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OE, AND DENMARK. 

(A) Provision for termination of this convention after six months' 
notice in case of changes in the tariff of either country which de- 
prive the other of the advantage represented by the percentages agreed 
upon. (Art. X.) 

Treaties with Denmark. 

No. 16. 

C onvention of friendship^ commerce, and navigation hettoeen the 
United States and Benmarh. 

SIGNED 26 Apr., 1826. Ratifications excliaiiged 10 Aug., 1826. Effective 
for 10 years and tliereafter indefinitely', subject to termination by 12 months' 
notice from eitber party. (Art. XI.) Terminated by notice of 15 Apr., 1856, 
but renewed (except Art. V) by the convention of 11 Apr., 1857. (Art. V.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. I: 373-7; French, Martens 14 (pt. 2) : 919-24. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any particular favor which either party may grant in 
matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(«) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other. (Art. IV.) 

(&) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Any prohibitions against importation or exportation of prod- 
ucts of either country to or from the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) All rights, privileges, and immunities accorded to consuls 
and consular agents in either country. (Art. VIII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 
{a) All rights, privileges, and exemptions concerning reciprocal 

access to all coasts and countries of either nation (subject to excep- 
v^ tions noted below under IV), with right to reside and trade there in 
all articles of commerce; subject to the laws and usages of the 
country. (Art. II.) 

( 1) ) Importation and exportation : Any article of commerce which 
may lawfully be imported into or exported from either country in its 
own vessels may likewise be imported, exported, or reexported in 
ships of the other without paying higher or other duties on tonnage 
of the vessel or her cargo, and subject to the same bounties, duties, 
and drawbacks as when carried in national vessels (Art. Ill), in- 
cluding trade of Danish West Indies with the United States or with 
foreign countries, but subject to exceptions noted below under IV 
(Arts. II and VI.) 

((?) All charges of any kind imposed in ports of either country on 
ships of the other. (Art. III.) 



AIVIEEICA, UXITED STATES OF, AND ECYPT. 125 

(d) All duties, charges, or taxes of any kind levied in either coun- 
try on citizens of the other upon removal of their personal property, 
money, or effects from territories of either country, whether through 
inheritance of such property or otherwise. (Art. VII.) 

III. Other provisions of this treaty relate to qualifications and 
privileges of consular officers in either country. (Arts. IX-X.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) The coasting trade of either country, which is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. (Art. II.) 

(h) Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and places " beyond the 
Cape of Good Hope." (Art. VI.) 



No. 17. 



C onvention between the Z/nited States and Demnarh discontinidng 
sound dues. 

SIGNED 11 Apr., 1857. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 380-3 ; Martens 46 (pt. 1) : 210-13. 

B}^ this convention, free navigation of American vessels through 
the sound and belts, without any charge upon vessels or cargoes, 
was forever secured in consideration of $393,011 paid once for all by 
the United States to Denmark. (Arts. I-III.) Most-favored-nation 
treatment is pledged by Denmark to American nationals, their vessels 
and property, regarding any other privileges, rights, or advantages in 
matters of commerce and navigation which Denmark may grant at 
the sound and belts, on her coasts and in her harbors, with reference 
to transit by land through Danish territory of merchandise belonging 
to American nationals. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Egypt. 

No. 18. 

Commercial agreement and custonns regulations hetioeen the United 
States and Egypt. 

SIGNED 16 Nov., 1881. Duration indefinite. 
TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 442. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by Egypt to the 
citizens and vessels of the United States regarding all rights, privi- 
leges, or immunities in matters of commerce and navigation which 
Egypt may grant to any other foreign power. 

II. Other provisions. 

The United States consents that the regulations of the Egyptian 
customs applicable to Greek subjects, vessels, commerce, and navi- 



> 



126 

gation by virtue of the convention of 3 Mar., 1884,* between Greece 
and Egypt may also be applied to citizens of the United States, their 
vessels, commerce, and navigation. 

Treaty with Ethiopia (Abyssinia). 

No. 19. 

Treaty Ifetween the United States and Ethiopia (Abyssinia) to 
regulate and develop commercial relations. 

SIGNED 27 June, 1914. Ratification of United States notified to Ethiopia 
20 Dec, 1914. Effective for a term of 4 years from 19 Sept., 1914, and there- 
after for successive periods of 10 years, subject to termination at the close 
of each period by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VI.) This 
treaty replaces that of 27 Dec, 1903. 

TEXT : U. S. T. S. No. 647 ; B. F. S. P. 108 : 874-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in 
general terms regarding any advantages which either country may 
accord in respect to customs duties, imposts, and jurisdiction. 
(Art. III.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged by Ethiopia to the citizens of the United States regarding 
use of telegraphs, posts, and all other means of transportation 
throughout the extent of the Ethiopian Empire. (Art. IV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) The citizens of either country, "like the citizens of other 
countries," may freely travel and transact business throughout the 
territories of the other. (Art. I.) 

{h) The two Governments shall assure throughout their respective 
territories the security of those engaged in business therein and of 
their property. (Art. II.) 

(c) Each Government agrees to receive acceptable representatives 
of the other. Unacceptable diplomatic representatives shall be re- 
placed. (Art. V.) 

Treaties with France. 

No. 20. 

Convention of navigation and commerce hetmeen the United States 
and France. 

SIGNED 24 June, 1822. Ratifications exchanged 12 Feb., 1823. Effective 
from 1 Oct., 1822, for two years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termina- 
tion by three months' notice from either party. (Art. VII as modified by 
agreement of 17 July, 1919. U. S. T. S. No. 650) Art. VI terminated as from 
1 .July, 1916. (U. S. 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 2:3.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 521-3 ; French, France Tr. 1 : 238-40. 

I. Import duties levied in either country on products of the other 
shipped in its own vessels shall be higher by a stated amount than 
when brought in vessels of the importing country (Arts. I-II), 

< United States Tr. 1 : 443-65. 



127 

except when imported for transit or reexportation (Art. Ill) ; these | 
extra duties to be diminished after the second year by one-fourth 
of their total amount each year (Art. VII). 

II. Duties of tonnage, light, pilotage, port charges, and all other 
duties levied on foreign shipping in either country over and above 
those paid by the national shipping (except extra duties specified 
above in Arts. I-II) shall not exceed in France 5 francs per ton on 
American vessels, nor in the United States 94 cents per ton on French 
vessels (Art. Y). 

No. 21. 

Consular convention hetioeen the United States and France. 

SIGNED 23 Feb., 1853. Ratifications exchanged 11 Aug., 1853. EfCective for 
10 years, and tliereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. XIII.) Articles VIII and IX terminated as 
from 1 July, 1916. (U. S., 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 2: 3.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 528-33 ; French, France Tr. : 240-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
garding all privileges, exemptions, and immunities which either 
country may grant to consular officers. (Art. XII.) 

II. National treatment is pledged to American citizens in France 
regarding possession, disposal, and transmission of real or personal 
property by gift, testament, or otherwise, and payment of taxes 
relating thereto. The same treatment is pledged to Frenchmen in all 
those States of the American Union whose existing laws permit it, 
so long and to the extent as said laws shall remain in force. Inas- 
much as existing laws in some States of the Union do not permit 
aliens to hold real estate, France reserves the ulterior right to estab- 
lish reciprocity in regard to possession and inheritance. (Art. VII.) 

III. Other provisions of this treaty relate to the right's, privileges, 
and duties of consuls in the two countries. (Arts. I-XI.) 

Treaty with Germany. 
No. 22. 

Treaty of peace hetween the United States and Germany. 

SIGNED 25 Aug., 1921, at Berlin. Ratifications exchanged there 11 Nov., 
1921. Effective from exchange of ratifications for indefinite term. (Art. III.) 

TEXT : English and German, U. S. T. S. No. 658. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by 
Germany to the United States, and to persons owing permanent alle- 
giance to the United States, with regard to : 

{a) All matters affecting residence, business, profession, trade, /^^ 
navigation, commerce, and industrial property rights. (Art. I and ^"^"""^ 
preamble.) 

{!)) All matters in respect of which most-favored-nation treatment 
is pledged by Germany to the Allied and Associated Powers in the 



128 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AISTD CxERMANY. 

treaty of Versailles, as noted in this volume under No. 314, I a-f and 
lldr-g. (Arts. I and II.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment is uncondi- 
tionally pledged to the United States and its nationals in all mat- 
ters with regard to which the same treatment is pledged by Ger- 
many to the Allied and Associated Powers in the treaty referred to^ 
as noted in this volume under No. 314, III a-j and IV. (Ibid.) 

III. National treatment is pledged to the United States and its 
nationals in all matters with regard to which the same treatment is 
pledged by Germany to the Allied and Associated Powers, as noted 
in this volume under No. 314, V a-g and VI a-b. (Ibid.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Germany undertakes to accord to the United States all the 
rights, privileges, indemnities, reparations, or advantages specified in 
the joint resolution of the Congress of the United States of 2 July, 1921,^ 
including all the rights and advantages stipulated for the benefit of the 
United States in the treaty of peace between Germany and the Allied 
and Associated Powers, which the United States shall fully enjoy 
notwithstanding that it has not ratified said treaty. (Art. I.) 

{h) It is understood and agreed that : 

1. The rights and advantages stipulated in the treaty referred to, 
which it is intended the United States shall have and enjoy, are those 
defined in section I of Part IV, and Parts V, VI, VIII-XII, XIV, 
and XV of that treaty ; except as noted below under IV h 2 and 4. 
(Art. II, 1.) These articles include all the matters noted in this 
volume under No. 314, except certain items referred to under VII 
^, ^, x^ y, and 3 of that digest. 

2. The United States shall not be bound by the provisions of Part 
I of said treaty, nor by any provisions of that treaty (including those 
mentioned under IV h aboA^e) which relate to the covenant of the 
League of Nations ; nor shall the United States be bound by any 
action taken by the League of Nations or by the council or by the 
assembly thereof, unless the United States shall expressly give its 
assent to such action. (Art. II, 2.) 

3. The United States assumes no obligations under or with respect 
to the provisions of Part II (boundaries of Germany), Part III (po- 
litical clauses for Europe) , sections II to VIII, inclusive, of Part IV 
(German rights and interests relating to China, Siam, Liberia, 
Morocco, Egypt, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Shantung) , and Part XIII 
(labor) of that treaty. (Art. II, 3.) 

4. While the United States is privileged to participate in the repa- 
ration commission, and in any other commission established under 
said treaty, or under any agreement supplemental thereto, the United 
States is not bound to participate in any such commission unless it 
shall elect to do so. (Art. II, 4.) 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND GREAT BRITAIN. 129> 

5. The periods of time referred to in Article 440 of the treaty of 
Versailles shall run, with respect to any act or election on the part of 
the United States, from the date of the going into force of the present 
treaty. (Art. III.) ^ 

Treaties with Great Britain/ 

No. 23. 

Convention of coininerce between the United States and Great' 
Britain, 

SIGNED 3 July, 1815. Ratiflcations exchanged 22 Dec, 1815. Duration, 
extended indefinitely by convention of 6 Aug., 1827, subject to termination by 
12 months' notice from either party. (United States Tr. I: 645-6.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. I: 624-8: Hdb. 1912: 979-84: English and French, 
Martens 10: 582-91. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (but 
limited to European territories of Great Britain) in respect to : 

[a) Eight of citizens of either country to enter with ships and! 
cargoes, all places, ports, and rivers open to foreigners in the other 
and right to remain there and to hire and occupy houses and 'ware- 
houses for purposes of commerce: subject to the laws of the country:. 
(Art. I.) 

(&) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other; also any prohibitions imposed b}^ either country 
against importation or exportation of products of either country to^ 
or from the other. (Art. II.) 

{c) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. II.) 

{d) Most-favored-nation treatment is further accorded by Great; 
Britain to the United States respecting duties or charges payable- 
on American vessels, and on importation or exportation of their 
cargoes at Calcutta, Madras, Bombay, and Prince of Wales 
Island; on condition of their not carrying anj^ article from said 
settlements to any port or place outside the United States; and except 
the coasting trade of said territories. (Art. III.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged (but limited to 
European territories of Greait Britain) in respect to: 

{a) All duties or charges imposed in ports of either country on, 
vessels of the other. (Art. II.) 

{h) All duties imposed hj either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, whether imported in vessels of either nation, (i^rt.. 

n.) 

(<?) Any duties imposed or bounties allowed by either country on 
exportation of its products to the other, whether exported in vessels 
of either nation. (Art. II.) 

^For effect of the war of 1812 on treaties with Great Britain, see United States Tr.,. 
I : 580, note. For texts of other treaties with Great Britain, see Ibid. : 580-847. 



130 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND GREAT BRITAIN. 

{d) Any drawbacks allowed hy either country on reexportation 
of products of the other, whether originally imported in vessels of 
either nation; except when the reexportation is made from either 
country in ships of the other to any foreign nation, in which case 
both countries reserve the right to determine the amount of said 
drawback. (Art. II.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) American vessels, in their voyages to or from India or China 
may touch for refreshments, but not for commerce, at the Cape of 
Good Hope and other British possessions in the African or Indian 
Seas. (Art. III.) 

{h) Provisions relating to appointment of consuls by either 
countr}^ in dominions and territories of the other. (Art. IV.) 



No. 24. 

Treaty of W ctshington hetween the United States and Great Britain. 

SIGNED 8 May, 1871. Ratifications exchanged 17 June, 1871. Duration in- 
definite. Nearly all tlie articles of this treaty have expired. (United States 
Tr. I: 701, 705, 708-18, footnotes.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 700-16 ; Hdb. 1912 : 989-93 ; Martens 49 : 698-719. 

I. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in the use of canals 
as follows: 

{a) Great Britain engages to urge upon the Canadian Government 
national treatment of United States citizens in the use of Canadian 
canals. 

(h) Eeciprocally, the United States accords to British subjects 
national treatment in the use of the St. Clair Flats Canal, and en- 
gages to urge upon the State Governments national treatment of 
British subjects in the use of the State canals connected with the navi- 
gation of the lakes or rivers traversed by or contiguous to the boun- 
dary line between the two countries. (Art. XXVII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Navigation of the St. LaAvrence River to remain forever free 
and open for purposes of commerce to citizens of the United States ; 
navigation of the Yukon, Porcupine, and Strikine Rivers to remain 
free and open forever to British subjects and citizens of the United 
States ; subject on either side to laws and regulations not inconsistent 
with such privileges of free navigation. (Art. XXVI.) 

{h) Great Britain engages to urge upon Canada and New Bruns- 
wick that no export or other duties be levied upon lumber or timber 
cut in that part of Maine which is watered by the River St. John 
and its tributaries and floated down that river to the sea, when 
shipped to the United States from New Brunswick. In case such 
duties continue to be levied after 1872, the United States may sus- 
pend certain carrying rights named. (Art. XXXI.) 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND GREAT BRITAIN. 131 

No. 25. 



Convention hetween the United States and Great Britain relating to 
tenure and disposal of real and personal property. 

SIGNED 2 Mar., 1899. Ratifications exchanged 28 July, 1900. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' notice 
from either party. Terminable separately in regard to any British colony or 
dependency acceding thereto. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 774-7 ; Hdb. 1912 : 1001-4 ; Martens 80 : 235-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged to na- 
tionals of either countr};^ in the dominions of the other, in all that 
concerns the right to dispose of every kind of property, real or per- 
sonal. (Art. Y.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Any succession, probate, or administratiye duties or charges 
relating to inheritance of real property in either country by citizens 
of the other, or relating to withdrawal from the country of the pro- 
ceeds thereof, if sold under circumstances named. (Art. I.) 

(J) Any duties payable in either country by citizens of the other, 
whether resident or nonresident, on disposal of, or succession to, per- 
sonal property, by will or otherwise. (Art. II.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) In case citizens of either country are disqualified by law to 
inherit real property in the other, such heirs shall be allowed at least 
three years in which to sell the same, and to withdraw proceeds 
thereof from the country. (Art. I.) 

{b) Full power of citizens of either country to dispose of or suc- 
ceed to personal property in the other, by will or otherwise, whether 
resident or nonresident. (Art. II.) 

{c) Duties of local authorities and rights of consular officers when 
a citizen of either country dies in the other without known heirs or 
executors. (Art. III.) 

IV. Application to colonies and territories beyond the seas. 
The provisions of this convention are not applicable to colonies, 

foreign possessions, territories, protectorates, etc., of either country 
beyond the seas, unless notice to that effect is given to the other coun- 
try in the manner specified. (Art. IV.) 

The convention has been extended to Porto Rico, as from 17 Dec, 
1917. (U. S., 64th Cong., 1st sess., S. Ex. Doc. C.) Extension and 
application to the Hawaiian Islands was authorized by the United 
States Senate on 7 Mar., 1921. (Cong. Eec, 61 : 16.) 

For a long list of accessions of British colonies, possessions, pro- 
tectorates, etc., see United States Tr. 1 : 777 ; Hdb. 1912 : 1004 
54083—21 10 



132 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND GKEECE. 

No. 26. 

Treaty between the United States and Great Britain to facilitate 
construction of a ship canal to con/iwct the Atlantic and Pacific 
Oceans. 

SIGNED 18 Nov., 1901. Ratifications exchanged 21 Feb., 1902,. Supersedes 
the co^vention of 19 Apr., 1850 (Art. I), without impairing the general prin- 
ciple of neutralization established in Art. VIII thereof (preamble). Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT: United States Tr. 1:782-4; Hdb. 1912: 1005-8; Martens 85 : 631-3. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is stipulated by this treaty in 

the following terms : 

" The canal shall be free and open to the vessels of commerce and 
of war of all nations observing these Rules on terms of entire equal- 
it3% so that there shall be no discrimination against any such nation, 
or its citizens or subjects, in respect of the conditions or charges of 
traffic or otherwise. Such conditions and charges of traffic shall be 
just and equitable." (Art. Ill, Eule 1.) 

II, Other provisions. 

{a) " No change of territorial sovereignty or of the international 
relations of the country or countries traversed by the before-men- 
tioned canal shall affect the general principle of neutralization or 
the obligation of the high contracting parties under the present 
treaty." (Art. IV.) 

(&) Subject to the provisions of this treaty, the Government of 
the United States shall have all the rights incident to construction of 
said canal, as well as the exclusive right of providing for its regu- 
lation and management. (Art. II.) 

((?) Specified rules providing for neutralization of the canal,, 
including adjacent waters within 3 miles of either end, and in- 
cluding also the plant, establishments, buildings, and all work neces- 
sary to the construction, maintenance, and operation of the canaL 
(Art. Ill, 2-6.) 

Treaty with Greece. 

No. 27. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation l>etioeen the United States and 
Greece. 

SIGNED 22 Dec, 1887. Ratifications exchanged 13 June, 1838. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by three months' 
notice from either party. (Art. XVII, as ameiided by agreement of 18 Oct., 
1920.* Articles XII, XIII, and XIV abrogated by consular convention of 
19 Nov., 1902. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 848-55 ; French and English, B. F. S. P. 25 l 
375-88 ; Martens 23 : 300-16 ; Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912 : 127-3-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to — 

« Ratifications of this agreement have not yet been exchanged (1 Mar. 1922). Its 
purpose was to avoid termination of the treaty, as from 26 Jan. 1921, by the notice 
from Greece given 26 Jan., 1920. 



AM^EICA, UNITED STATE>^ OF, yVNP GREECE. 133 

(a) All tonnage or other duties of whatever kind imposed on navi- 
gation between the two countries in vessels of either (Art. VII) 
except the coasting trade of both countries. (Art. V.) 

(b) An}'- duties, prohibitions, or restrictions of whatever kind im- 
posed by either country on importation or exportation of products 
of the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) All privileges of transit and any bounties or drawbacks allowed 
by either country on importation or exportation of ruj article what- 
ever. These must be likewise allowed on products of the other and 
on importation and exportation made in its vessels. (Art. IX.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional), 
^'either country to grant in its purchases, or in those made in its 

name or under its authority, any preference to importations made in 
its own vessels or in those of a third power over importations made 
in the vessels of the other contracting country. (Art. VI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Treatment of vessels of either nation in ports of the other, 
from whatever place arriving, as regards duties of tonnage, light- 
house, pilotage, port charges, and all other duties or charges of any 
kind (Arts. II, X-XI), except the coasting trade of both countries. 
(Art. V.) 

(b) Importation and exportation : Whatever may be lawfully im- 
ported into or exported from either country in its own vessels, from 
whatever place arriving, may likewise be imported or exported in 
ships of the other without paying other or higher duties or charges of 
any kind than when carried in national vessels. (Arts. III-IV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of citizens of either country (including companies and 
associations) to enter with vessels and cargoes any ports, places, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in territories of the other, and right / 
to reside there, engage in commercial transactions, and rent houses ^""^ 
and warehouses for the purpose. (Art. I.) 

(b) Detailed provisions relating to quarantine (Art. XV) and 
blockade (Art. XVI). 

V. Exceptions. 

The national and most-favored-nation provisions in Articles II, 
III, IV, and VII of this treaty, noted above under 1(a) and 
III a-b^ do not apply to the coastwise navigation of either country, 
which each reserves to itself. (Art. V.) 



^ 



134 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND GUATEMALA. 

Treaty with Guatemala. 

No. 28. 

C onvention hetween the United States wnd Guatemala to foster and 
develop commerce hy facilitating the umrk of traveling salesmen. 

SIGNED 3 Dec, 1918. Ratifications exchanged 25 Aug., 1919. Terminable at 
any time by six months' notice from either party. (Art. X.) 
TEXT : English and Spanish, U. S. T. S. No. 642. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
\^ specting any concession which either party may grant by law or 

treaty affecting any of the provisions of this convention (Art. IX) 
which relate to the following matters : 

{a) Right of manufacturers, merchants, and traders domiciled in 
either country to operate within the jurisdiction of the other, per- 
sonally or by agents or employees, on obtaining a license therefor in 
the manner specified; each country, however, reserving the right to 
prevent such operation in case of war under conditions stated. (Arts. 

i-n.) 

(5) A commercial traveler may sell his samples in either country 
without obtaining a special license as an importer. (Art. III.) 

((?) Samples without a commercial value are admitted to entry free 
of duty. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Samples having a commercial value are provisionally admitted 
upon giving bond for payment of local duty if not withdrawn from 
the country within six months; duties to be paid on portion of 
samples not so withdrawn. (Art. V.) 

{e) All customs formalities shall be simplified to avoid delay in 
dispatching samples. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Peddlers and other salesmen who vend directly to consumers, 
even though they have no established place of business in that coun- 
try, shall not be considered as commercial travelers, but are subject 
to the license fees levied on business of the kind they carry on. (Art. 
VII.) 

II. Exceptions. — The commercial travelers' license referred to 
under I a above shall not be required of : 

{a) Persons traveling only to study trade and its needs, even 
though they initiate commercial relations, provided they do not 
make sales of merchandise. 

{h) Persons operating through local agencies which pay the license 
fee or other imposts to which their business is subject. 

{c) Travelers who are exclusively buyers. (Art. VIII.) 



AMEEICA, UNITED STATES OF, AXD HONDURAS. 135 

Treaty with Haiti. 

No. 29. 

Treaty between the United States and Haiti regarding finance^ 
economic development^ and tranquillity of Haiti. 

SIGNED 16 Sept., 1915. Ratifications exchanged 3 May, 1916. Effective 
for 10 years from exchange of ratifications, subject to extension for a further 
10 years under conditions stated. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT : English and French, U. S. T. S. No. 623. 

{a) Haiti's customs duties shall be paid to the general receiver 
(Art. Ill), to be appointed by the President of Haiti upon nomina- 
tion by the President of the United States. (Art. II.) 

(b) Haitian customs duties shall not be modified in a manner to 
reduce the revenue therefrom without previous agreement with the 
President of the United States. (Art. IX.) 

(<?) Supervision and control of arms and ammunition throughout 
Haiti, also military supplies and traffic therein, are placed under a 
constabulary composed of native Haitians, organized and officered by 
Americans appointed by the President of Haiti, upon nomination by 
the President of the United States. (Art. X.) 

{d) Haiti agrees not to surrender any of its territory by sale, 
lease, or otherwise, or jurisdiction over such territory, to any foreign 
Government or power ; nor to enter into any treaty or contract with 
any foreign power or powers that will impair or tend to impair the 
independence of Haiti. (Art. XI.) 

Treaty with Honduras. 

No. 30. 

Treaty of fmndship. commerce, and navigation between the United 
States and Honduras. 

SIGNED 4 July, 1864. Ratifications exchanged 5 May, 1865. Effective for 
seven years and thereafter indefinitely, but Arts. IV, V, and VI (dealing with 
customs duties, shipping dues, bounties, drawbacks, etc.) are terminable by 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. XIIL) 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 952-8 : B. F. S. P. 54 : 1134-52 ; Spanish, Hon- 
duras Tr. Vig. 2 : 7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, or im- 
munity which either country may grant in matters of commerce and 
navigation (Art. Ill) ; except the coasting trade of both countries. 
(Art. II.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Right of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes (including mail boats and warships) all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in the other; to remain and reside 



^ 



X 



136 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND HONDURAS. 

there ; and to hire and occupy houses and warehouses ; with complete 
protection and security for commerce in all respects, subject to 'the 
laws and statutes in force. (Arts. Il-III.) 

(b) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other; also prohibitions against importation or exporta- 
tion of products of either country to or from the other. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities conceded to diplo- 
matic and consular agents by either country. (Art. X.) 

II. Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Hon- 
duras to citizens of the United States respecting any privileges or 
advantages, commercial or other, regarding use of railroads to be 
constructed through her territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific 
Oceans. (Art. XIV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All duties or payments on account of tonnage, light, harbor, 
pilotage, salvage, and all other local charges levied in ports of either 
country on ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) All duties, bounties, or drawbacks on importation or exporta- 
tion of products of either country to or from the other, whether 
carried in vessels of either nation. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs 
in the other, personally or otherwise, in any capacity, without other 
remuneration to persons employed than native citizens pay, and right 
to bu}^, sell, and fix prices of goods exported or imported. (Art. 
VII.) 

(d) Full protection for persons and property in either country, 
including open access to courts of justice and employment of advo- 
cates or others therein. (Art. VII.) 

(e) All privileges, liberties,- rights, duties, and imposts relating 
to police of the ports; loading and unloading of ships; safety of 
merchandise, goods, and effects; administration of justice; acquisi- 
tion and disposal of or succession to personal propert}^ by will or 
otherwise; subject in all these matters to the laws and regulations 
in force. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes levied in either coun- 
t'ry on resident citizens of the other; also any charges or demands 
upon property in case of rupture or war between the two nations. 
(Arts. IX and XI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service by sea or land and from all forced loans and military exac- 
tions or requisitions. (Art. IX.) 



AMERICA^ UNITED STziTES OF, AND HUNGARY. 137 

(b) In case of rupture or war between the two countries, citizens 
of either residing in the other may remain and continue their trade 
or employment without interruption, so long as they behave peace- 
ably and commit no offense against the laws. In case they prefer 
to leave the countrj^ they shall have from six to twelve months to 
dispose of their property, and safe conduct to port; tjieir property 
of all kinds being exempt from seizure, sequestration, detention, or 
confiscation. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Protection of each other's citizens as regards their persons, 
houses, and property; also free exercise of religion and right to 
establish churches and cemeteries. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Provisions regarding construction of a railroad from the 
Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans through territory of Honduras, with 
reference to free ports at both terminals, exemption from customs 
and transit duties, and guaranties for the neutrality and security of 
the road. (Art. XIV.) 

Treaty with Hungary. 
No. 31. 

Treaty of peace between the United States and Hungary. 

SIGNED 29 Aug., 1921, at Budapest. Ratifications exchanged 17 Dec., 
1921. Effective from exchange of ratifications for indefinite term. (Art. III.) 
TEXT ; U. S. T. S. No. 660. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by 
Hungary to the United States, and to persons owing permanent 
allegiance to the United States, with regard to : 

{a) All matters affecting residence, business, profession, trade, 
navigation, commerce, and industrial property rights. (Art. I and 
preamble. ) 

{b) All matters in respect of which most-favored-nation treatment 
is pledged by Hungary to the Allied and Associated Powers in the 
treaty of Trianon, as noted in this volume under No. 355, I a-f 
and II a^e. (Arts. I and II.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
unconditionally pledged to the United States .and its nationals in all 
matters with regard to which the same treatment is pledged by 
Hungary to the Allied and Associated Powers in the treaty referred 
to, as noted in this volume under No. 355, III a-h and V b. (Ibid.) 

III. National treatment is pledged to the United States and its 
nationals in all matters with regard to which the same treatment is 
pledged by Hungary to the Allied and Associated Powers, as noted 
in this volume under No. 355, VI a-g and VII a-b. (Ibid.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Hungary undertakes to accord to the United States all the 
rights, privileges, indemnities, reparations, or advantages specified 



^ 



138 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND ITALY. 

in the joint resolution of the Congress of the United States of 2 
July, 1921, including all the rights and advantages stipulated for 
the benefit of the United States in the treaty of peace between Hun- 
gary and the Allied and Associated Powers, which the United States 
shall fully enjoy notAvithstanding that it has not ratified said treaty. 
(Art. I.) 

(h) It is understood and agreed that: 

1. The rights and advantages stipulated in the treaty referred to, 
which it is intended the United States shall have and enjoy, are 
those defined in Parts V, VI, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, and XIV of 
that treaty; except as noted below under IV & 2 and 4. (Art. II, 1.) 
These articles include all the matters noted in this volume under 
No. 355 ; except only the items named under VIII Z, m 5, n, o, p, s, y, 
and ^ of that digest. 

2. The United States shall not be bound by the provisions of Part 
I of said treaty, nor by any provisions of that treaty (including 
those mentioned under IV h above) which relate to the covenant 
of the League of Nations; nor shall the United States be bound by 
any action taken by the League of Nations or by the council or by 
the assembly thereof, unless the United States shall expressly give 
its assent to such action. (Art. II, 2.) 

3. The United States assumes no obligations under or with respect 
to the provisions of Part II (frontiers of Hungary), Part III 
(political clauses for Europe), Part IV (Hungarian interests out- 
side Europe), and Part XIII (labor) of that treaty. (Art. II, 3.) 

4. While the United States is privileged to participate in the repa- 
ration commission, and in any other commission established under 
said treaty or under any agreement supplemental thereto, the United 
States is not bound to participate in any such commission unless it 
shall elect to do so. (Art. II, 4.) 

5. The periods of time referred to in Article 364 of the treaty of 
Trianon shall run, with respect to any act or election on the part 
of the United States, from the date of the going into force of the 
present treaty. (Art. III.) 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 32. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween the United States and 
Italy. 

SIGNED 26 Feb., 1871. Ratifications exchanged at Wasliington 18 Nov., 1871. 
Effective for five years and tliereatter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. XXV.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. I: 969-77; B. F. S. P. 61:88-95; Martens 
51 : 57-64 ; Italian, Italy Tr. 4 : 144-55 ; Italy Tr. 1911, II : 851-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any particular favor which 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND ITALY. 139 

either country may grant in matters of commerce and navigation 
(Art. XXIV) ; except the coasting trade of both countries (Art. 
VII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) Eight of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes any ports of the other open to foreign commerce. (Art. I.) 

(h) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other; also any prohibitions against importation or ex- 
portation of products of either countr}^ to or from the other. 
(Art. VI.) 

(c) Any duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any articles to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Right of citizens of either country to dispose of, or succeed 
to, real estate in the other, by will or otherwise, and payment of dues 
relating thereto. (Art. XXII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All rights, privileges, favors, immunities, and exemptions con- 
cerning commerce and navigation in the States and possessions of 
either countrj^ (except coasting trade), and all duties or charges 
relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

(b) Liberty to travel, trade, hire houses and Avarehouses and em- 
ploy agents in either country, and generally to do anj^thing inci- 
dent to or necessary for trade. (Art. II.) 

(c) All rights and privileges relating to security and protection 
of persons and property in either country, including compensation 
for injuries or death under conditions stated. (Conv. 25 Feb., 1913.'^) 

(d) Importation and exportation : Whatever merchandise may be 
lawfully imported into or exported from either country in its own 
vessels may likewise be imported, exported, or reexported in ships 
of the other without paying other or higher duties on tonnage of 
vessels and their cargoes and subject to the same bounties or draw- 
backs as when carried in national vessels. (Art. V.) 

(e) Assistance and protection to vessels of either country wrecked 
or damaged on coasts of the other. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Right of citizens of either country to dispose of or succeed 
to personal property in the other, by will or otherwise, and payment 
of dues relating thereto. (Art. XXII.) 

(g) Access to courts of justice and rights concerning judicial pro- 
cedure in either country, including employment of advocates, etc., 
and all conditions, restrictions, or taxes relating thereto. (Art. 
XXIII.) 

' United States Tr. Ill : 442. 



140 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from ail compulsor}^ mili- 
tar}^ service, by land or sea; from judicial or municipal office, and 
from any contribution in lieu of personal service. (Art. III.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from any 
'embargo or detention with their vessels, cargoes, etc., for military 
expeditions, or for any other purpose, unless sufficient indemnifica- 
tion is allowed. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Right of vessels of either country to discharge foreign cargoes 
;at different ports of the other on the same voyage; but coastwise 
navigation is reserved by each country to itself. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Exemption of vessels of either country from tonnage, anchor- 
age and clearance duties in ports of the other, under conditions 
stated. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Extensive provisions regarding enrollment of sailors (Art. 
X); restoration of vessels captured by pirates (Art. XI), and 
reciprocal rights in the event of war. (Arts. XII-XXI.) 

Treaties with Japan. 

_._ No. 33. 

Treaty of cfynimierce and navigation hetween the United, States and 
Japan. 

SIGNED 21 Feb., 1911. Ratification>^ exchanged 4 Apr., 1911. Effective 
Irom 17 July, 1911, for 12 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termina- 
tion by six months' notice from either party. (Art. XVII.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. Ill : 77-83 : B., F. S. P. 105 : 728-33 ; Martens 
m : 729-35 ', Japan Tr. 1918 : 22-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any privilege, favor, or im- 
munity concerning commerce and navigation (Art. XIV) ; except as 
noted below under I e and V. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Appointment of consuls, and, on condition of reciprocity, the 
powers, exemptions, and immunities accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. III.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to come with their ships 
and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce 
in territories of the other, subject always to the laws of the country. 
(Art. .IV.) 

(e) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, from whatever place arriving (Treaty of 22 Nov., 
1894, Art. IV ^); this provision to be maintained until conclusion 
of a tariff treaty between the two countries (Protocol). 

« United States Tr. I: 1030. 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OE, AND JAPAN. 141 

{d) All duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any article to the other. (Art. V.) 

{e) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion or exportation of any article to or from the other, except sani- 
tary measures and measures to protect animals or useful plants. 
(Art. V.) 

(/) All facilities, privileges, and immunities granted in j^orts of 
either country to vessels charged with regular scheduled postal 
service, Avhether State-owned or subsidized by it for the purpose. 
(Art. XII.) 

{g) Any privileges which either country may grant in respect of 
its coasting trade. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged regarding duties of tonnage, harbor, iDilotage, 
lighthouse, quarantine, or other similar duties of Avhatever denomi- 
nation, no matter by whom or how levied in ports of either country 
on vessels of the other from whatever place arriving and w^hatever 
their destination (Art. XI), except as noted below under V a, 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 
{a) Eight of citizens of either party to enter, travel, and reside 

in the territories of the other ; tocarry on trade, wholesale and 
retail; to own or lease and occup}^ houses, manufactories, ware- 
houses, and shops; to employ agents of their choice; to lease land 
for residential and commercial purposes ; and generally to do any- 
thing incidental to or necessary for trade upon the same terms as 
native citizens or subjects, submitting themselves to the laws and 
regulations there established. (Art. I.) 

{h) Any charges or taxes payable in either country by nationals 
of the other, also all rights and privileges regarding protection and 
security for persons and property. (Art. I.) 

(<?) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination, except under conditions and with legal forms apply- 
ing to citizens of the country. (Art. II.) 

{d) Treatment of each others' citizens in all that relates to ware- 
housing, bounties, facilities, and drawbacks. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Importation and exportation. All articles legally importable 
from any foreign country into ports of either nation, or legally ex- 
portable from either country in its own vessels, may likewise be im- 
ported or exported in ships of the other, from whatever foreign place 
arriving and for any foreign destination, without paying other or 
higher duties or charges of any kind and subject to the same bounties 
and drawbacks as when carried in national vessels. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Ail privileges in regard to the stationing, loading, and unload- 
ing of vessels in the ports of either country. (Art. IX.) 



142 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND JAPAN. 

(g) Protection in either country of patents, trade-marks, and de- 
signs belonging to citizens of the other upon fulfilling the formalities 
prescribed by law in each country. (Art. XV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service by land or sea, from contributions in lieu of personal service, 
and from all forced loans or military exactions or contributions. 
(Art. I.) 

(b) Import duties levied by either country on products of the 
other shall be regulated either by treaty between the tAvo countries 
or by the internal legislation of each. (Art. V.) Pending conclusion 
of a tariff treaty, the provisions relating to tariff in the treaty of 22 
Nov., 1894 (as indicated under I c above), shall be maintained. 
(Protocol.) 

(c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all transit duties in 
either country. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Commercial, industrial, and financial companies or associa- 
tions domiciled in either country msLj exercise their rights and be 
parties to suits in the other, subject to the laws thereof. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country 
to be recognized by the other, if carrying papers required by law. 
(Art. X.) 

(/) " The Imperial Japanese Government are fully prepared to 
maintain with equal effectiveness the limitation and control which 
they have for the past three years exercised in regulation of the emi- 
gration of laborers to the United States." (Decl.^) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Coasting trade is excepted from national treatment; but port- 
to-port trade for the purpose of discharging or receiving foreign 
cargo is permitted, subject to the laws, tariffs, and customs regulations 
of the country. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) This treaty shall not be deemed to repeal or affect any of the 
provisions of the act of Congress, 20 Feb., 1907, entitled "An act to 
regulate the immigration of aliens into the United States." (Notes.^°) 

No. 34. 

Agreement between the ZJnited States a/nd Japan respecting mutual 

interests relating to China, 

EXCHANGE OF NOTES signed 2 Nov., 1917, at Washington. 
TEXT : U. S. T. S. No. 630 ; Japan Tr. 1918 : 31-3. 

I. Inasmuch as territorial propinquity creates special relations 

between countries, the United States recognizes that Japan has spe- 

» Japan Tr., 1918 : 29. " Ibid. : 29-31. 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND LIBERIA. 143 

cial interests in China, particularly in the part to which her posses- 
sions are contiguous. 

II. Nevertheless, the territorial sovereignty of China remains un- 
impaired, both parties denying that they have any purpose to in- 
fringe in any way the independence or territorial integrity of China. 

III. Both parties declare that they have no desire to discriminate 
against the trade of other nations, or to disregard the commercial 
rights heretofore granted by China in treaties with other powers; 
that they always adhere to the principle of the so-called open door or 
equal opportunity for commerce and industry in China; and that 
they are opposed to the acquisition by any Government of any special 
rights or privileges that would affect the independence or territorial 
integrity of China, or that would deny to the subjects or citizens of 
any country the full enjoyment of equal opportunity in the commerce 
and industry of China. 

Treaty with Liberia. 

No. 35. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween the United States and 
LibeHa, 

SIGNED 21 Oct., 1862. Ratifications exchanged 17 Feb., 1863. Duration in- 
definite. 

TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 1050-2. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, or 
immunity which either party may grant to subjects of any other 
State in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. VI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Right of residence and trade and all other rights and privi- 
leges granted to foreigners. (Art. II.) 

{h) Duties levied by either country on goods imported from the 
other in any vessels or imported in vessels of the other from any 
country. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Exportation of products of either country by citizens and ves- 
sels of the other. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding tonnage, 
import, and other duties or charges levied by either country on ves- 
sels of the other or on goods imported or exported therein. (Art. 

III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Assistance by either country to damaged or shipwrecked ves- 
sels of the other. Disputes concerning salvage to be settled by arbi- 
tration. (Art. V.) 



144 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND MOROCCO. 

(b) Eight of either coimtiy to appoint consuls in the other for 
protection of trade. (Art. VII.) 

(c) The United States engages not to interfere in affairs between 
the aboriginal inhabitants and the Government of Liberia, except on 
request from the latter ; and to aid Liberian authorities in bringing 
to justice aboriginal inhabitants who may have inflicted injury or 
loss on Americans. (Art. VIII.) 

Treaty with Morocco. 
No. 36. 

Treaty of peace and friendship between the United States and 

Morocco. 

SIGNED 16 Sept., 1836. Effective for 50 years, and thereafter indefinitely, 
subject to termination bv 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXV.) 
TEXT : United States Tr. 1 : 1212-17. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by Morocco to com- 
merce of the United States (Art. XIV) and with regard to privi- 
leges of United States consuls in Morocco (Art. XXIII). 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Supplies shall be furnished to vessels of either country in ports 
of the other without interruption or molestation. (Art. VII.) 

{h) American vessels in distress may land and reload their cargoes 
without paying any dut}^ whatever. (Arts. VIII-IX.) 

{c) Eight of merchants in either countrj^ to choose their own inter- 
preters or other assistants. Commanders of vessels of either country 
shall not be detained in ports of the other against their will. Dock 
laborers shall not be paid more nor less than customary rates. (Art. 
XV.) 

(d) Freedom of merchants to buy and sell ail kinds of merchan- 
dise not prohibited to the other Christian nations. (Art. XVII.) 

{e) All goods to be weighed and examined before loading on ships, 
and not afterwards, unless it be proved that contraband goods have 
been sent on board. (Art. XVIII.) 

(/) Vessels shall not be detained in port on an^^ pretence, nor be 
obliged to take on board any article without consent of their com- 
manders. (Art. XIX.) 

{g) Consular jurisdiction of disputes between Americans. (Art. 
XX.) 

{h) Homicides and assaults to be tried by the law of the countr}^, 
the consul assisting. (Art. XXI.) 

{i) Consular administration of estates of deceased Americans. 
(Art. XXII.) 

(j) Detailed provisions concerning rights of nationals, vessels, etc., 
of either country when the other is engaged in war. (Arts. I- VI, 
X-XIII.) 



AMERICA, UXTTED STATES OE. AND NETHERLANDS. 145 

Treaty with Muscat. 

Xo. 3 7. 

Treaty of amity and commerce hetweoi- the United States and 
Muscat. 

SIGNED 21 Sept., 1833. Ratitications excluuiged 30 Sept., 1835. Duration. 
indefinite. 
TEXT: United States Tr. 1:1228-30. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by Muscat to Amer- 
ican citizens regarding duties on export or import, tonnage, license ta 
trade, or other charges whatsoever (Arts. IV, VI) ; and pledged 
b}^ the United States to vessels of Muscat regarding duties or other- 
charges in American ports (Art. YIII). 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Freedom of Americans to enter ports of Muscat to sell or 
barter their cargoes and to purchase merchandise Avithout interfer- 
ence by the Sultan or his officers in bargaining for prices thereof . . 
(Art. II.) 

{b) American vessels shall pay no more than 5 per cent duties 
on the cargo landed ; this to be in full consideration of all import,, 
export, tonnage, and all other duties and charges whatsoever.. 
(Art. III.) 

{c) Assistance pledged by Muscat to vessels of the United States 
wrecked or captured by pirates, and to their crews or passengers.. 
(Arts. V, VII.) 

{d) Consular jurisdiction in Muscat of disputes between Ameri- 
cans, and consular administration of estates of American decedents. 
(Art. IX.) 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 

Xo. 38. 

C onvention of commerce and navigation between the United States 
and the Netherlands. 

SIGNED 26 Aug., 1852. Eatitications exchanged 25 Feb.. 1853. Duration 
indefinite, subject to tennination bv twelve months' notice from either party. 
(Art. VI.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. 11:1248-50: Dutch ;uul Kn.alisli. l>a,a-em:uis 4: 
66-70. 

I. Most- favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
garding any favors which either country may gTant in respect of its 
coasting trade. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) All duties imposed, and all bounties, drawbacks, or other- 
similar privileges allowed, by either country on merchandise im- 
ported or exported in ships of the other. (Art. I.) This reciprocal 



146 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND NORWAY. 

national treatment of the two flags extends also to ports of the 
colonies and dominions of the Netherlands beyond the seas. (Art. II.) 
(h) All duties of tonnage, harbor dues, lighthouse, salvage, pilot- 
age, quarantine, and port charges of any kind imposed by either 
country on vessels of the other, from whatever place arriving. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Rules and regulations concerning loading or discharging of 
foreign cargo by vessels of either country at different ports of the 
other on the same voyage (Art. IV) ; except as noted below under III. 

(d) Treatment of each other's vessels engaged in direct trade 
between Holland and her colonies beyond the seas, or engaged in 
importation of tea or coffee into the United States direct from the 
place of their growth, as regards all duties, privileges, and immuni- 
ties relating thereto. (Art. V.) 

III. Exceptians. 

The national treatment provisions of this convention do not apply 
to the coasting trade and fisheries of either country, which are ex- 
clusively allowed to national vessels ; coasting trade being defined as 
including trade from island to island in the Dutch East Indies, and 
trade between Atlantic and Pacific ports of the United States. 
(Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Norway. 

No. 39. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetiveen the United States and 
Norway. 

SIGNED 4 July, 1827. Ratifications exchanged 18 .Jan., 1828. Duration in- 
definite, subject to termination by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XIX.) Art. XIV and the last paragraph of Art. XIII terminated, as from 1 
July, 1916. (U. S. 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc, No. 2: 4. 

TEXT : United States Tr. II : 1748-56 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 1-18 ; 
French, Martens 15 (pt. 1) : 271-81. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to : 

{a) Right of citizens of either country to enter the ports, places, 
and rivers open to foreign commerce in territories of the other, with 
all security for persons, vessels, and cargoes. (Art. I.) 

(h) Any prohibitions or restrictions of importation or exporta- 
tion, and all duties of every description, imposed by either country 
on products of the other. (Art. IX.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged as follows: 

{a) Neither country to grant any preferences in its purchases to 
importations made in its own vessels or in those of a third Power, 
over importations made in vessels of the other country. (Art. VII.) 

{h) Both countries engage not to impose upon the navigation be- 
tween their respective territories, in vessels of either country, any 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND PANAMA. 147 

tonnage or other duties of any description which shall be higher or 
other than those imposed on every other navigation ; except the coast- 
wise navigation of either country. (Art. YIII.) 

(c) All privileges of transit and all bounties and drawbacks 
allowed by either country on importation or exportation shall be 
likewise allowed on similar products of the other country and on 
importations and exportations made in its vessels. (Art. X.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to: 

(a) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other 
from whatever place arriving, as regards duties of tonnage, light- 
house, pilotage, port charges, and all other duties or charges what- 
ever. (Arts. II, XI-XII.) 

(b) Importation and exportation: Whatever may be lawfully 
imported into or exported from either country in its own vessels may 
also be imported or exported in ships of the other, from whatever 
place arriving, without paying -other or higher duties or charges 
of any kind than when carried in national vessels (Art. III-IV), 
except the coastwise navigation of both countries, which each reserves 
to itself. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Costs of salvage payable in either country by damaged or 
shipwrecked vessels of the other. (Art. XV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of residence in either country, with protection for 
persons and property of citizens of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Assistance in either country to vessels of the other seeking 
refuge from damage or shipwreck. (Art. XV.) 

(c) Appointment and powers of consular officers or commercial 
agents (Art. XIII) and detailed provisions concerning quarantine 
(Art. XVI) and blockade (Art. XVIII). 

Treaty with Panama. 

No. 40. 

Convention hetioeen the United States and Panama to foster and 
develop commerce hy facilitating the %vork of traveling salesm^en. 

SIGNED 8 Feb., 1919. Ratifications exchanged 8 Dec, 1919. Terminable 
at any time by six months' notice from either party. (Art. X.) 
TEXT : English and Spanish, U. S. T. S. No. 646. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocal!}^ pledged re- 
specting any concession which either party may grant by law or 
treaty affecting any of the provisions of this convention (Art.* IX) 
which relate to the following matters : 

(a) Right of manufacturers, merchants, and traders domiciled in 
either country to operate within the jurisdiction of the other, per- 
54083—21 11 



148 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND PARAGUAY. 

sonally or by agents or employees, on obtaining a license therefor 
in the manner specified ; each country, however, reserving the right to 
prevent such operation in case of war under conditions stated. (Arts. 
I-II.) 

(6) A commercial traveler may sell his samples in either country 
without obtaining a special license as an importer. (Art. III.) 

(c) Samples without a commercial value are admitted to entry 
free of duty. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Samples having a commercial value are provisionally admitted 
upon giving bond for payment of local duty if not withdrawn from 
the country within six months ; duties to be paid on portion of 
samples not so withdrawn. (Art. V.) 

{e) All customs formalities shall be simplified to avoid delay in 
dispatching samples. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Peddlers and other salesmen who vend directly to consumers, 
even though they have no established place of business in that coun- 
try, shall not be considered as commercial travelers, but are subject 
to the license fees levied on business of the kind they carry on. (Art, 
VII.) 

II. Exceptions. — The commercial travelers' license referred to 
under I a above shall not be required of : 

{a) Persons traveling only to study trade and its needs, even 
though they initiate commercial relations, provided they do not make 
sales of merchandise. 

( h ) Persons operating through local agencies which pay the license 
fee or other imposts to which their business is subject. 

((?) Travelers who are exclusively buyers. (Art. VIII.) 

Treaty with Paraguay. 
No. 41. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation het^oeen the United 
States and Paraguay. 

SIGNED 4 Feb., 1859. Ratifications exchanged 7 Mar., 1860. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XV.) 

TEXT : United States Tr., II : 1364-9 ; B. F. S. P. 49 : 487-92 ; Martens 46 
(pt. 1) : 249-58. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, or 
immunity which either country may grant in matters of commerce or 
navigation. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

ia) Right of access, with ships and cargoes, to ports and places 
open to foreign commerce in either country, and to trade there in 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND PARAGUAY. *)[\^ 

ail articles of lawful commerce, subject to the usages and established 
customs of the country. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any duties or prohibitions regarding importation or exporta- 
tion of products of either country to or from the other. (Art. IV.) 

(<?) All privileges, exemptions and immunities accorded to 
diplomatic and consular agents by either country. (Art. XII.) 
r II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to: 

(a) All duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, harbor, 
pilotage, salvage, and all other local charges imposed on vessels of 
either nation in ports of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) All duties imposed by either country on importation or ex- 
portation of any articles legally importable or exportable in vessels 
of either nation (Art. VI) ; or payable on imports and exports by 
citizens of either country. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other, personally or otherwise, in any capacity without other 
remuneration to persons employed than native citizens pay; also 
freedom to buy, sell, and fix price of any article of lawful commerce, 
without being affected by any monopoly, contract, or exclusive privi- 
lege of sale and purchase. (Art. IX.) 

(d) All rights and privileges concerning protection of persons and 
properties of each other's citizens, including open access to courts of 
justice and employment of advocates or others therein. (Arts. IX 
and XIV.) 

(e) All privileges, liber des. rights, duties and imposts relating to 
police of the ports; loading and unloading of ships; safety of 
merchandise, goods and effects: administration of justice; acquisition 
and disposal of, or succession to. personal property by will or other- 
wise; subject in all these matters to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Art. X.) 

(/) Any charges, requisitions or taxes levied by either country on 
resident citizens of the other (Art. XI) ; even in case of rupture 
between the two countries. (Art. XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Paraguay concedes to the merchant flag of United States citi- 
zens free navigation of the river Paraguay all' the way to Brazil, 
and of the right side of the Parana throughout its course belonging to 
Paraguay. (Art. II.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service by land or sea, and from all forced loans and military exac- 
tions or requisitions. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Consular agents to take charge of property left by their na- 
tionals in either country without will or testament, pending appoint- 
ment of executors or administrators. (Art. X.) 



150 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND PERSIA. 

(d) In case of rupture between the two countries, citizens of either 
established in the other may continue their business or occupation 
without interruption so long as they behave peaceably and commit no 
offense against the laws, their property of all kinds being exempt 
from seizure, detention, sequestration, or confiscation. In case they 
prefer to leave the country, reasonable time must be allowed for 
liquidation of accounts and disposal of property, and safe-conduct 
given to ports of their own selection. (Art. XIII.) 

{e) Citizens of either country are assured in the other full liberty 
of conscience and religion and right of burial in public cemeteries. 
(Art. XIV.) 

Treaty with Persia. 

No. 42. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce hetween the United States and 
Persia. 

SIGNED 13 Dec, 1856. Ratifications exchanged 13 June, 1857. Terminable 
by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VIII.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. II : 1371-4 ; Persian and English, Persia Tr. 1908 : 
15-21. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to : 

{a) Reception and treatment by either country of embassadors and 
diplomatic agents of the other, in all respects. (Art. II.) 

(Z>) Treatment by either country of resident nationals of the other, 
in all respects; also any privileges granted by either country con- 
cerning internal commerce. (Art. III.) 

((?) Any duties or taxes of any kind imposed by either country on 
goods imported or exported by nationals of the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Manner of trial, in either country, of nationals of the other 
charged with criminal offenses ; and treatment of Persian subjects in 
the United States in trial of all disputes to which they are parties. 
(Art. Y.) 

(e) Privileges and immunities of consuls of either country at 
their places of residence in the other. (Art. VII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Reciprocal liberty assured in either country to nationals of the 
other regarding importation, exportation, exchange, purchase, and 
transportation of all kinds of merchandise. (Art. III.) 

{b) Disputes in Persia between Persians and Americans shall be 
tried by a Persian tribunal at the place where an American consul 
or agent may reside, and in the presence of his employe; disputes 
between Americans, by the American consul or agent according to 
American law; between Americans and subjects of other foreign 



amekica/ united states or, and Salvador. 151 

powers, by the intermediation of their respective consuls or agents. 
(Art. V.) 

(c) Consular administration in either country of estates left by 
their nationals dying without relatives or partners. (Art. VI.) 

Treaty with Salvador. 
No. 43. 

Convention hetweeii the United States and Salvador to foster and 
develop commerce hy facilitating the work of traveling salesmen. 

SIGNED 28 Jan., 1919. Ratifications exchanged 18 Jan., 1921. Terminable 
at any time on six months' notice by either party. (Art. X.) 
TEXT: English and Spanish, U. S. T. S. No. 651. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
specting any concession which either party may grant by law, treaty, 
or convention, affecting any of the provisions of this convention 
(Art. IX), which relate to: 

{a) Right of manufacturers, merchants, and traders domiciled in 
either country to operate within the jurisdiction of the other, person- 
ally or by agents or employees, on obtaining a license therefor in 
the manner specified; each countr}^ however, reserving the right to 
prevent such operation in case of war under conditions stated. 
(Arts. I-II.) 

{b) A commercial traveler may sell his samples without obtaining 
a special license as an importer. (Art. III.) 

{c) Samples without commercial value are admitted to entry free 
of duty. (Art. TV.) 

(d) Samples having commercial value are provisionally admitted 
upon giving bond for payment of lawful duties if not withdrawn 
from the country within six months ; duties to be paid on portion of 
samples not so withdrawn. (Art. V.) 

(e) All customs formalities shall be simplified to avoid delay in 
dispatching samples. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Peddlers and other salesmen who vend directly to consumers, 
even though they have no established place of business in that 
country, shall not be considered as commercial travelers but are sub- 
ject to the license fees levied on business of the kind they carry on. 
(Art. VII.) 

II. Exceptions. — No license shall be required of : 

(a) Persons traveling only to study trade and its needs, even 
though they initiate commercial relations, provided they do not make 
sales of merchandise. 

(h) Persons operating through local agencies which pay the 
licelise fee or other imposts to which their business is subject. . 

(c) Travelers who are exclusively buyers. (Art. VIII.) 



152 AMEEICA, UIn^ITED STATES OF, AND SERB-CEO AT-SLOVENE STATE. 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State." 

No. 44. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetwen the United States and 
Serbia. 

SIGNED 14 Oct., 1881. Ratifications exchanged 15 Nov., 1882. Effective 
for 10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. XIV.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. II : 1613-17 ; Martens 61 : 744-8 ; French, B. F. S. P. 
72 : 1130-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) in respect to : 

{a) All rights granted by law in either country to citizens of any 
other State concerning acquisition, possession and disposal of, or suc- 
cession to, property of all kinds, real or personal, by will or otherwise 
in any manner whatever. (Art. II.) 

(J) Treatment by either country of commercial travelers from the 
other in regard to their licenses; subject to the laws and regulations 
in either country concerning peddling and hawking. (Art. III.) 

((?) Any prohibitions of importation, exportation, or transit im- 
posed by either nation against the other; except special measures 
which either country may establish for sanitary purposes, or in event 
of a war. (Art. Y.) 

{d) Any favors, privileges, or immunities with either country 
may grant to any third power concerning duties on imports and ex- 
ports, transit, reexportation, warehousing, local dues, and custom- 
house formalities. (Arts. VI, XIII.) 

(g) Treatment by either country of imported products of the other, 
whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexport, or transit, 
with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Treatment by either country of products and importers of the 
other, as regards customhouse laws and regulations on goods subject 
to ad valorem duty, in all respects. (-Art. IX.) 

((/) Treatment of goods of either country when conveyed over 
railways of the other, as regards freight and all other facilities. 
(Art. XL) 

(K) Any favor, exemption or privilege regarding treatment by 
either country of ships of the other and their cargoes, from what- 
ever place arriving and whatever the origin or destination of the 
cargoes; with special reference to local treatment, pilotage, and all 
dues or charges in the ports, docks, rivers, and waters of either 
country. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Protection of persons and property of citizens of either coun- 
try residing in the other. (Art. I.) 

" See p. 771, note 197. 



153 

(h) All rights, privileges, exemptions, immunities, taxes, or condi- 
tions relating to exercise of commerce and industry in either country ; Z 

with special reference to local taxes, customs, formalities, brokerage, 
patterns, or samples introduced by commercial travelers, and all other 
matters connected with trade. (Art. I.) 

(c) All taxes, imposts, or charges of any kind relating to acquisi- 
tion, possession and disposal of, or succession to, real or personal 
property in either country, by will or otherwise; including any 
duties payable on exportation of proceeds from sale of property. 
(Art. 11.) 

(d) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to mar- 
kets or fairs in the other for the purpose of exercising their com- 
merce and selling their products. (Art. III.) 

(e) All rights and advantages concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice and employment of advocates or others therein, or concerning 
domiciliary visits to houses, factories, and shops in either country. 
(Art. IV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all personal military 
service by land or sea, from quartering of troops, forced loans, mili- 
tary exactions or requisitions (except those incumbent on possession 
of landed property), and from all obligatory official, judicial, admin- 
istrative, or municipal functions. (Art. IV.) 

(Z>) Exemption of merchandise of every kind passing to or from 
either country from every transit duty in the other, whether going 
right through, or unloaded, stored and reloaded ; except special regu- 
lations concerning gunpowder and arms of war. (Art. VTII.) 

(c) Reciprocal protection of trade-marks in either country. 
(Art. XII.) 

IV. Exceptions. 
Most-favored-nation treatment provisions in Articles I to IX 

shall not affect the special facilities which either country may con- 
cede to neighboring States with respect to local traffic between con- 
terminous frontier districts. (Art. X.) 

Treaty with Siam. 

No. 45. 

Treaty hetween the United States and Siam revising i^revious 
treaties hetween the two countries. 

SIGNED 16 Dec, 1920, at Washington. Ratifications exclianged 1 Sept., 1921, 
at Bangkok. Effective from exchange of ratifications for 10 years, and there- 
after until terminated by 1 year's notice from either party. (Art. XVII.) 
Terminates and replaces all previous conventions, treaties, arrangements, and 
agreements between the two countries. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT : U. S. T. S., No. 655. 



154 AMERICA^ UNITED STATES OF, AND SIAM. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to come with their ships 
and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign com- 
merce and navigation in the other ; except as regards spirituous, dis- 
tilled, or fermented drinks, alcoholic liquors, alcohol, opium and 
derivatives thereof, cocaine, heroin, and other narcotic drugs in- 
cluded within the scope of the international opium convention of 
23 Jan., 1912, and arms or ammunition; the trade in all of which 
may (subject to the principle of most-favored-nation treatment) be 
regulated and restricted at will within the territories and posses- 
sions of either country. (Art. III.) 

(h) Any increases which Siam may make (on conditions stated) 
in the rates of duty on importations and exportations of merchan- 
dise. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Any privilege which either country may grant to vessels of 
a third Power in all that concerns the entering, clearing, stationing, 
loading, and unloading of vessels in its ports, basins, docks, road- 
steads, harbors, or rivers. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Any rights which either country may grant to foreigners in 
respect of its coasting trade. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Ports and places of either country to which warships of the 
other may have access, and all honors, advantages, privileges, and 
exemptions there conceded to foreign vessels of war. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Appointment of consular officers, and all powers, honors, 
privileges, exemptions, and immunities of every kind accorded to 
them in either country. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Any conditions or requirements concerning access to courts 
of justice in either country, and right to employ advocates and rep- 
resentatives therein. (Arts. IV-V.) 

(h) All that relates to transit duties, warehousing, bounties, 
facilities, and the examination and appraisement of merchandise. 
(Art. VI.) 

(c) Treatment of citizens of either country in the other with 
regard to protection of patents, trade-marks, trade names, designs, 
and copyrights; upon fulfillment of formalities prescribed by law. 
(Art. XII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Eight of citizens of either country to travel and reside in the 

other ; to carry on trade, wholesale and retail ; to engage in religious, 
educational, and charitable work ; to own or lease and occupy houses, 
factories, warehouses, and shops; to employ agents of their choice; 
to lease land for residential, commercial, religious, and charitable 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND SIAM. 155 

purposes, and for use as cemeteries; and generallj^ to do anything 
incident to or necessary for trade upon the same terms as native 
citizens or subjects, submitting themselves to the laws and regula- 
tions there established. (Art. I.) 

(h) Any internal charges or taxes payable by citizens of either 
country in the other. (Art. I.) 

(c) All rights, privileges, and conditions concerning protection 
and security for persons and property in either country. (Ibid.) 

(d) Exemption of dwellings, warehouses, factories, shops, and 
other premises used for residence or commerce from domiciliary 
visits or search, and exemption of books, papers, and accounts from 
inspection or examination; except under conditions and with legal 
forms prescribed by law for nationals. (Art. II.) 

(e) Any dues payable by vessels of either country seeking refuge 
in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck, and payment of 
salvage or other expenses incurred bv stranded or wrecked vessels. 
(Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from com- 
pulsory military service by land or sea ; from all contributions 
imposed in lieu of personal military service, and from all forced 
loans and military exactions or contributions. (Art. I.) 

(h) Citizens of either country to enjoy in the other complete 
liberty of conscience and (subject to the laws of the country) the 
right of private and public exercise of their worship. (Art. I.) 

(c) The sale and resale of products of either country is exempt 
in the other from all governmental restrictions and limitations de- 
signed or operating to create or maintain any monopoly or " farm " 
for the profit either of the Government or of a private individual 
or organization. (Art. III.) 

(d) Limited liability and other companies and associations duly 
constituted in either country are authorized to exercise their rights 
in the other conformably to its laws ; with special reference to actions 
in courts of justice. (Art. Y.) 

(e) The United States agrees to assent to increases by Siam in 
its tariff to rates higher than those established by existing treaties, on 
condition that all other nations entitled to claim special tariff treat- 
ment in Siam assent to such increases freely and without requiring 
any compensatory benefit or privilege. (Art YII.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning treatment of vessels of either 
country stranded or wrecked on coasts of the other. (Art. X.) 

(gr) Local authorities of either country to notify consular officers 
of the other of decease of their nationals, under conditions stated. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(h) All citizens of the United States and persons, corporations, 
companies, and associations entitled to its protection in Siam shall 



156 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND SPAIN. 

be subject to the jurisdiction of the Siamese courts, as from the date 
when this treaty becomes effective. (Protocol, Art. I.) But the 
United States may, until all the Siamese codes are put into force 
and for five years thereafter, evoke any case pending in any Siamese 
court (except the Supreme or Dika Court) in which an American 
citizen, or a person, corporation, company, or association entitled 
to the protection of the United States is defendant or accused; and 
such case shall then be transferred to the United States diplomatic or 
consular official for adjudication, in accordance with rules and pro- 
cedure stated in detail. (Ibid., Arts. II-IV.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The coasting trade of both countries is excepted from pro- 
visions of this treaty, and is subject to regulation by their respec- 
tive laws. (Art . IX.) 

(h) The stipulations of this treaty do not in any way affect, super- 
sede, or modify any of the laws, ordinances, or regulations with 
regard to trade, naturalization, immigration, police, and public se- 
curity which may be enacted in either country (Art. XV.) 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 40. 

Treaty of friendship and general relations hetioeen the United States 
and Spain, 

SIGNED 3 July, 1902. Ratiiications exchanged 14 Apr., 1903. Effective 
for 10 years, and thereafter mdefinitely, subject to reform or termination 
on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXX.) Arts. XXIII and 
XXIV have been terminated as from 1 July, 1916. (U. S. 66th Cong., 1st sess.. 
S. Doc. No. 2:2.) 

TEXT: United States Tr. II: 1701-12; Martens 81:369-79; Spanish and 
English, Spain Tr. 14 : 3-22. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to : 

{a) All rights and advantages regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice, in person or otherwise, or concerning arrest of persons, seizure 
of property, and domiciliary visits to houses, factories, stores, etc., 
in either country. (Art. VI.) 

(h) All favors, privileges, immunities, and exemptions accorded 
to diplomatic agents by either country. (Art. XII.) 

{c) Recognition of consular officers (Art. XIII), and all rights, 
imimunities, and privileges accorded to them by either country 
(Art. XXVIII). 

{d) Right of citizens of either country to possess and preserve 
real estate in the other, subject to condition stated. (Art. III.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged in respect to: 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND SPAIN. 157 

(a) Right of citizens oi either country to enter, travel, and reside 
in all parts of the territories of the other (saving right of expulsion 
which each Government reserves to itself) ; with special reference 
to protection of persons and property and payment of any taxes, 
imposts, or conditions imposed by either country on persons or 
property of citizens of the other exercising industry or business 
therein. But these provisions are not intended to annul or prevent, 
or constitute any exception from, the laws or regulations in either 
country respecting taxation, commerce, health, police, and public 
security. (Art. II.) '/\.''\ 

(b) All duties of tonnage, pilotage, loading and urilo'ading, light- 
house, quarantine, and any similar duties, no matter by whom or 
how levied in ports of either country on ships of the other, from 
whatever place arriving and whatever their destination (Art. V^II) ; 
except the coasting trade of both countries. (Art. IX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Disposal of and succession to personal property by will or 
otherwise, and payment of duties relating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(b) Any succession, probate, and administrative duties or charges 
payable in either country by citizens of the other on sale of real 
property and withdrawal of proceeds from the country when dis- 
qualified by its laws from inheriting real estate therein. (Art. III.) 

(c) Importation and exportation: All articles which may be 
legally imported into or exported from either country in its own 
vessels to or from any foreign country, may likewise be imported 
or exported in ships of the other; without paying other or higher 
duties or charges whatsoever, and subject to the same bounti'cs and 
drawbacks, as if carried in national vessels (Art. VIII) ; except 
the coasting trade of both countries. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Any tonnage dues or port charges payable by vessels of either 
country discharging or loading cargo at different ports of the other 
on the same voyage; but coasting trade is excepted. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Assistance, protection, and immunities granted by either coun- 
try to vessels of the other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. 
(Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from all pecuniary contributions in 
lieu thereof; also from any obligatory official functions. Vessels 
or effects of citizens of either country may not be seized or detained 
by the other for any public use without sufficient compensation. 
(Art. V.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country, to exercise their worship 
in th-e other, and to bury their countrymen .according to their re- 



158 

ligious customs; subject to constitution and laws of each country. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) Extensive provisions relating to appointment, rights, powers, 
functions, and privileges of consular officers in either country. (Arts. 
XIII-XXII, XXV-XXVIII.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 47. 

Convention of friendship^ commerce^ and extradition between the 
United States and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 25 Nov., 1850. Ratifications exchanged 8 Nov., 1855. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' 
notice from eitlier party. (Art. XVIII.) Arts. VIII-XVII of this conven- 
tion have not been in force since 1901. (United States Tr. 1 : 1763.) 

TEXT : United States Tr. II : 1763-8 ; French, Martens 45 : 25-31. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
specting privileges and powers of consular officers in either country. 
(Art. VII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 
{a) All conditions regarding residence or establishment in either 

country (subject to not conflicting with constitutional or legal pro- 
visions in either country, and subject to exceptions noted below 
under IV) ; with special reference to exercise of commerce, industry, 
and professions; access to courts of justice, and other civil rights. 
(Art. I.) 

(h) Eight of citizens of either country to acquire, possess, and 
alienate personal property in the other by will or otherwise, and 
payment of charges relating thereto ; also care of personal property 
in absence of heirs or other successors. (Arts. I and V.) The same 
provisions to apply in States and cantons of either country where 
foreigners are entitled to hold or inherit real property. In other 
States or cantons, heirs or successors to real estate may sell the 
property and withdraw proceeds from the country without paying 
to the Government any other charges than native citizens pay in 
similar cases. (Art. V.) 

(c) Any imposts or contributions of any kind, payable in either 
country by citizens of the other; including any contributions re- 
quired as a compensation foi^ exemption from personal military 
service. (Art. II.) 

IIL Other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of each other's citizens from personal military 
service. (Art. II.) 

(b) Citizens of either country returning from the other to their 
native land, whether voluntarily or sent back by authorities of the 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND TRIPOLI. 159 

other country, must be received at all times and under all circum- 
stances in the country to which they belong, they and their wives 
and legitimate issue. (Art. III.) 

(c) Passports or other evidences of nationality are required by 
citizens of either country to establish their nationality in the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

(d) Controversies concerning succession to property in either 
country to be decided by the laws and judges of the country in which 
the property is situated. (Art. VI.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

The national-treatment privileges noted under II a above do not 
extend to political rights in either country, nor to participation in 
the property of communities, corporations, or institutions of which 
the citizens of the other country have not become members or co- 
proprietors. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Tripoli. 
No. 48. 

Treaty of peace and amity hetween the United States and Tripoli. 

SIGNED by both parties and ratified by Tripoli 4 June, 1805. Ratification 
advised by the U. S. Senate 12 Apr., 1806. 
TEXT : United States Tr. II : 1788-93. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting peace and friendship, and 
any particular favor or privilege which either country may grant in 
navigation or commerce. (Art. I.) 

'Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Protection to be given by either country to merchants, masters 
of vessels, and seamen of the other. (Art. XI.) 

{h) Eeciprocal right of establishing consuls in each country, and 
the privileges, immunities and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such 
consuls. (Art. XI.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Vessels of either country putting into ports of the other, and 
having need of provisions or other supplies, shall be furnished at 
the market price; and if so putting in because of disaster at sea 
and needing repair, they may land and reload their cargoes without 
paying any duty whatever. (Art. VIII.) 

(6) Assistance to be given to vessels and their crews of either 
country in case of damage or shipwreck on shores of the other. 
(Art. IX.) 

{g) Consuls and agents of either country shall be free in the 
other to exercise their religion in their own houses; shall have 
liberty and personal security when traveling within territories of 



160 AMEEICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND URUGUAY. 

the other by land or sea, and mav appoint their own dragoman and 
brokers. (Art. XIV.) 

{d) Consular jurisdiction of disputes between Americans, or, any 
persons under their protection, , or between Americans and citizens 
of any other nation having a consul at Tripoli. (Art. XVIII.) 

(e) Homicides and assaults to be tried by iho^ law of the country, 
the consul assisting. (Art. XIX.) 

{f) Consular administration of estates of deceased Americans. 
(Art. XX.) 

{g) Detailed provisions relating to exchange of prisoners, and to 
rights of nationals and vessels, etc., of either countrj^ when the other 
is at war. (Arts. II- VII, X, XVI, XVII.) 

Treaty with Turkey''' (Ottoman Empire). 

No. 49. 

Treaty of commfierce and wivigation between the United States and 
Turkey. 

SIGNED 7 May, 1830. Ratifications exchanged 5 Oct., 1831. Duration in- 
definite. 
TEXT : United States Tr. II : 1318-20 ; Martens 19 : 77-81. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
garding duties and imposts payable by merchants of either country at 
ports of the other (Art. I) ; and liberty for merchant vessels of the 
United States to pass the canal and to go and come in the Black Sea 
(Art. VII). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Turkey re- 
garding right of American merchants to employ brokers of any 
nation or religion ; and regarding inspection of American vessels by 
customhouse officers in ports of the Ottoman Empire (Art. III). 

II. Other provisions of this treaty relate to litigation between 
Turkish subjects and American citizens in Turkey; United States 
consular jurisdiction (Art. IV) ; and assistance by either country to 
vessels of the other in case of shipwreck (Art. IX). 

Treaty with Uruguay. 
No. 50. 

Convention between the United States a/ad Uruguay to foster and 
develop commerce hy facilitating the work of traveling salesmen. 

SIGNED 27 Aug., 1918. Ratifications exchanged 2 Aug., 1919. Terminable 
at anv time by six months' notice from either party. (Art. X.) 

TEXT: English and Spanish, U. S. T. S. No. 640; Sinini.-h, lTnip:iiay Bol. Ext. 
1918: 1161-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
specting any concession which either party may grant by law, treaty,. 

" The treaty of commerce and navigation concluded 25 Feb., 1862, is contended to have' 
been abrogated, as from 5 June, 1884, upon notice given by Turkey. (United Scates 
Tr. II: 1321.) 



Al^D VENEZUELA. 161 

or convention, affecting any of the provisions of this convention 
(j(tArt. IX) which relate to : 

(a) Eight of manufacturers, merchants, and traders domiciled in 
either country to operate within the jurisdiction of the other, person- 
ally or by agents or employees, on obtaining a license therefor in the 
manner specified ; each country, however, reserving the right to pre- 
vent such operation in case of war under conditions stated. (Arts. 
I-II.) ,,omiiil. -ivy ^^i>: 

(h) A commercial traveler may sell his samples Avithout obtaining 
a special license as an importer. (Art. III.) 

(c) Samples without commercial value are admitted to entry free 
of duty. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Samples having commercial value are provisionally admitted 
upon giving bond for payment of lawful duties if not withdrawn 
from the country within six months ; duties to be paid on portion of 
samples not so withdrawn. (Art. Y.) 

(e) All customs formalities shall be simplified to avoid delay in 
dispatching samples. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Peddlers and other salesmen who vend directly to consumers, 
even though they have no established place of business in that coun- 
try, shall not be considered as commercial travelers, but are subject 
to the license fees levied on business of the kind they carry on. 
(Art. VII.) 

11. Exceptions. — No license shall be required of : 

(a) Persons traveling only to study trade and its needs, even 
though they initiate commercial relations, provided they do not make 
sales of merchandise. 

(h) Persons operating through local agencies which pay the license 
fee or other imposts to which their business is subject. 

(e) Travelers who are exclusively buyers. (Art. VIII.) 

Treaty with Venezuela. 
No. 51. 

Convention between the United States and V\enezuela to foster and 
develop commerce hy facilitating the work of traveling salesman. 

SIGNED 3 July, 1919. Ratifications exchanged 18 Aug., 1920. Terminable 
at any time by six months' notice from either party. (Art. X.) 
TEXT : English and Spanish, U. S. T. S. No. 648. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged re- 
specting any concession which either party may grant by law, treaty, 
or convention affecting any of the provisions of this convention 
(Art. IX) which relate to : 

(a) Right of manufacturers, merchants, and traders domiciled in 
either country to operate within the jurisdiction of the other, per- 



162 AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF, AND VENEZUELA. 

sonally or by agents or employees, on obtaining a license therefor in 
the manner specified; each country, however, reserving the right to 
prevent such operation in case of war under conditions stated. 
(Arts. I-II.) 

(b) A commercial traveler may sell his samples without obtain- 
ing a special license as an importer, provided he sells them to mer- 
chants duly established dealing in similar articles. (Art. III.) 

(c) Samples without a commercial value are admitted to entry 
free of duty. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Samples having a commercial value are provisionally ad- 
mitted upon giving bond for payment of local duty if not with- 
drawn from the country within six months; duties to be paid on 
portion of samples not so withdrawn. (Art. V.) 

(e) All customs formalities shall be simplified to avoid delay in 
dispatching samples. (Art. YI.) 

(/) Peddlers and other salesmen who vend directly to consumers, 
even though they have no established place of business in that 
country, shall not be considered as commercial travelers but are 
subject to the license fees levied on business of the kind they carry 
on. (Art. VII.) 

II. Exceptions. — The commercial travelers' license referred to 
under I a above shall not be required of : 

(a) Persons traveling only to study trade and its needs, even 
though they initiate commercial relations, provided they do not 
make sales of merchandise. 

(&) Persons operating through local agencies which pay the li- 
cense fee or other imposts to which their business is subject. 

(c) Travelers who are exclusively buyers. (Art. VIII.) 



ARGENTINA. 

Treaties with America, United States of. 

Treaties of Argentina with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 
Nos. 1 and 2. 

Treaty with Bolivia. 

No. 52. 

Treaty of peace^ friendship^ coinmerce^ and navigation hetioeen 
Argentina and Bolivia. 

SIGNED 9 July, 1868, at Buenos Aires. Effective from 24 Sept., 1869, for 
12 years, and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party ; except as to friendship and free competition of each other's industries, 
which are declared perpetual. (Art. XXI.) 

TEXT : Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. : 15-30 ; Argentina Tr. 2 : 64-9 ; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 72 : 601^11. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms with regard to exemptions, immuni- 
ties, and privileges to be accorded to diplomatic and consular officers 
of either country in the other. (Art. XVI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged in regard to any prohibitions, restrictions, or 
charges imposed on commerce between the two countries. (Art. 
XII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
{a) All citizens' rights (except political) ; all taxes or imposts 

levied in either country ; and practice of scientific professions under 
conditions stated. (Art. III.) 

(b) Means or resources permitted to be employed in judicial ac- 
tions. (Art. VI.) 

{c) Security of literary property and of industrial inventions. 
(Art. VII.) 

{d) Right to import or export any merchandise in vessels of 
either nation, and all duties, rebates, exemptions, charges, or dues 
relating thereto; with special reference to charges for tonnage, 
lightage, anchorage, or other dues affecting the hull of the ship. 
(Art. XII.) 

54083—21 12 . 163 



164 ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL. 

(e) Permission to vessels of either country to enter all ports of 
the other (Art. XII) ; also rules and advantages applying to war- 
ships or mail boats of either country in ports of the other. (Art. 
XI Y.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all personal military 
service by land or sea and from all war taxes, forced loans, and 
military requisitions. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Free navigation of the river Plate and its tributaries. (Art. 
XII.) 

(c) Conciliation or arbitration of differences between the two coun- 
tries, with special reference to boundary disputes. (Arts. XIX, 
XX.) 

(d) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either 
country may continue their labors in the other without interrup- 
tion so long as they conduct themselves peaceably and observe the 
laws ; their property to be exempt from seizure, detention, or seques- 
tration. (Art. XIX.) 

(e) Nationality of ships under flag of either country to be deter- 
mined by ship's papers required by national laws. (Art. XIV.) 

(/) Extensive provisions relating to recovery of seamen deserters 
(Art. IX), piracy, neutrality and contraband (Art. XIV), and 
arrangements to regulate overland commerce. (Arts. XI, XV.) 

Treaties with Brazil. 

No. 53. 

Treaty of peace^ friendship^ commerce^ and navigation between Ar- 
gentina and BraBil. 

SIGNED 7 Mar., 1856, at Parana. Ratifications exchanged there 25 June, 
1856. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT : Spanish, Argentina Tr. 2 : 426-38 ; Portuguese, Brazil Cod. Bel. Ext., 
1900, No. 60; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 46 : 1310-15. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, exemptions, and 
immunities which either country may accord to diplomatic and 
consular agents, and to the citizens, vessels, or products of any 
other country. (Art. VI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged to the respective 
merchant vessels and war ships of both countries with regard to 
free navigation of the Rivers Parana, Uruguay, and Paraguay, and 
their right to enter, remain, load, and unload in all places and ports 
open for the purpose in these rivers; subject only to fiscal and police 
regulations. (Arts. XIV, XV.) 

III. Other provisions. 



ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL. 165 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service of every kind and from all forced loans and military 
imposts or requisitions. (Art. VIII.) 

(b) Both countries engage to place and maintain beacons and 
signals on the Kivers Parana, Uruguay, and Paraguay and to estab- 
lish in these rivers a uniform system of collecting customs duties, 
and port, lighthouse, pilotage, and police dues. (Arts. XVI, XVII.) 

(c) Both countries agree to insist on continued possession of 
the Island of Martin Garcia by one of the States of the Plate inter- 
ested in its free navigation; also to use their influence against its 
being used to impede free navigation for the parties to the treaties 
of 10 July, 1853, and to insure its neutrality in time of war. (Art. 
XVIII. j 

(d) In case of war between any of the States of the River Plate or 
its affluents, both countries undertake to maintain free navigation of 
the Rivers Parana, Uruguay, and Paraguay in the parts belonging 
to them, except with respect to articles contraband of war. (Art. 
XIX.) 

(e) Extensive provisions concerning territorial integrity of both 
countries (Art. II) ; independence and integrity of Uruguay (Arts. 
Ill, IV) ; recognition of nationality of each other's vessels (Art. 
VII) ; military and naval deserters (Art. IX) ; contraband of war 
(Art. XI) ; neutrality (Art. XII) : piracy (Art. XIII) ; and prin- 
ciples to be observed by either country in case the other is at war 
(Art. X). 



No. 54. 



Additional convention 'between Argentina and Brazil for free navi- 
gation of the Rivers Uruguay^ Parana^ and Paraguay. 

SIGNED 20 Nov., 1857, at Parana. Effective from 20 July, 1858, for six 
years, and thereafter subject to modification on eight months' notice from 
either pai'ty. (Art. XLI.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Argentina Tr. 2:439-62; Portuguese, Brazil Cod. Rel. 
Ext, 1900, No. 61; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 49:1306-15. 

{a) Mutual recognition of the Rivers Uruguay, Parana, and Para- 
guay as being free to the commerce of all nations, from the River 
Plate to the ports opened for that purpose in each of the said rivers 
by the respective States, in conformity with concessions already 
made by both countries in their decrees, laws, and treaties. (Art. I.) 

{b) This freedom of navigation conceded to all flags is not un- 
derstood to apply to the affluents (save special stipulations to the 
contrar}^), nor to the navigation from one port to another of the 
same nation, which may both be reserved by each State for its own 
flag. (Art. II.) 



166 ARGENTINA AND FRANCE. 

(c) This convention does not prejudice the greater or different 
favors then or thereafter reciprocally granted by either country 
to the other by special stipulations. (Art. XXXVIII.) 

(d) War vessels of the riverain States to have freedom of transit 
and entry in the whole course of the rivers open for merchant ves- 
sels. War vessels of nations not riverain are permitted to proceed 
only so far as may be allowed by each riverain State. (Art. III.) 

(e) Freedom of river transit from all imposts of whatever kind, 
except to cover expenses of conservation of the river, lights, buoys, 
pilotage, and other aids to facilitate navigation. (Arts. XXXII, 
XXXIII.) 

(/) Vessels of war are exempt from all transit or port dues. They 
shall not be delayed on their passage under any pretext whatever; 
and shall enjoy such other exemptions, honors, or favors as are in 
general use among civilized nations. (Art. XXXV.) 

(g) Extensive provisions relating to improvement of navigation 
channels (Arts. IV- VI) ; detention of vessels (Art. VII) ; nationality 
of vessels (Arts. VIII-IX) ; policing of rivers (Arts. X-XV, 
XXIV) ; treatment of damaged or ship- wrecked vessels (Arts. XVI, 
XXII, XXV, XXVI); transshipments (Arts. XIX-XXIII) ; 
pilots and pilotage dues (Arts. XXVII-XXXI) ; placing of buoys 
and other marks (Art. XXXI) ; and sanitary regulations (Art. 
XXVI). 

Treaty with France. 

No. 55. 

Treaty hetween Argentina and France for the free navigation of the 
Rivers Parana and Uruguay. 

SIGNED 10 July, 1853. at San Jose de Flores. Ratifications exchanged 21 
Sept., 1854, at Parana. Ternvinal^le on 12 montiis" notice by either party. 
(Addl. conv. of 19 Ana'., 1892,'-' Art. II.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. 1 : 281-3 ; Clercq 6 : 377-9 ; Martens 60 : 294-5 ; 
Spanish, Argentina Tr. 8 : 234-41. 

I. Most-favored-iiation treatment is reciprocally pledged with- 
out restriction respecting any favor or immunity which either coun- 
try may accord to the flag, commerce, nationals, products, and ves- 
sels of any other nation, with special reference to tariffs. (Art. VIII, 
and addl. conv.^^) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Argentina concedes the free navigation of the Rivers Parana 
and Uruguay to the merchant vessels of all nations (Arts. I, II) ; 
even in case of war between any of the States of the River Plate or 
its affluents, except for munitions of war (Art. VI). 

13 French, France Tr. 1 : 283-4 ; Martens 68 : 543-4 ; Spanish, Argentina Tr. 8 : 
261-6. 



ARGENTINA AND GERMANY. 167 

{h) Argentina agrees to maintain beacons and marks to point out 
the channels (Art. Ill) ; and to establish a uniform sj^^stem of col- 
lecting customhouse duties, harbor, lights, police, and pilotage dues, 
along the whole course of the waters belonging to her. (Art. IV;) 

((?) Both countries agree to use their influence to prevent the pos- 
session of the Island of Martin Garcia from being held b}^ any State 
of the River Plate, or its. affluents, which shall not have given its 
adhesion to the principle of the free navigation of the Rivers Parana 
and Uruguay. (Art. Y.) 

Treaty with Germany. 

No. 56. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and namgation tetween Argentina 
and Germamy {Customs union), 

SIGNED 19 Sept., 1857, at Parana. Effective from 3 June, 1859, for eight 
years, and thereafter until terminateil by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XIV.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 1-7 ; Spanish, Argentina Tr. 1 : 24-35 ; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 47: 1277-88. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms regarding any favor, exemption, privi- 
lege, or immunity which either country may concede in respect of 
commerce or navigation to any other Government, nation, or State. 
(Art. Ill, and separate article.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) Eight of citizens of either country to enter y^^ith ships and 
cargoes, including mail boats and warsnips, to all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreigners in either country; with right to hire and 
occupy houses and warehouses for residence and commerce, and to 
trade in all articles of lawful commerce, with complete protection 
and security; subject always to the laws and ordinances of the 
country. (Art. II.) 

(b) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, and on exportation of any articles to the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

{c) Any prohibitions imposed on importation or exportation of 
products of either country to or from the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) All privileges, prerogatives, and rights in matters concerning 
police of the ports; loading and unloading of vessels; security of 
merchandise, goods, and effects; administration of justice; and 
acquisition or disposal of property of all kinds in any manner 
whatever. (Art. IX.) 

{e) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities conceded to con- 
suls in either country. (Art. XI.) 



168 ARGENTINA AND GERMANY. 

(/) All liberties, rights, and protection granted by either country 
in regard to religious worship, including right to acquire, occupy, 
build, and maintain churches, chapels, and cemeteries. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All duties on account of tonnage, light, harbor, pilotage, 
salvage, and any similar dues or local charges imposed in ports of 
either country on ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) All duties imposed and all allowances and privileges con- 
ceded by either country on importation or exportation of any articles 
to or from the other, whether carried by vessels of either nation. 
(Art. VI.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other, personally or otherwise, without paying other fee or salary 
to persons employed than native citizens pay, including right of 
buyers and sellers to bargain and fix prices of any articles in accord- 
ance with the customs and laws of the country. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) All rights and privileges concerning protection of persons and 
properties in either country, including free access to courts of 
justice, and right to employ advocates or others therein. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(e) All imposts or duties payable in either country for police of 
the ports, loading, or unloading of ships, security of merchandise 
and effects, administration of justice, and acquisition or disposal of 
every kind of property in any manner whatever. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Payment of ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes in either 
country. (Art. X.) 

(g) Any exactions demanded from private property in case of 
rupture or war between the two countries. (Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels of either country to be recognized by the 
other if carrying ships' papers required by law. (Art. VII.) 

(b) Consular administration of estates of their deceased nationals. 
(Art. IX.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
obligatory military service by land or sea, and from all forced 
loans and military aid or requisitions. (Art. X.) 

(d) Archives and papers of consuls of either country to be in- 
violably respected by public employees and local authorities of the 
other. (Art. XI.) 

(e) In case of rupture or war between the two countries, citizens 
of either residing in the other may remain and continue their trade 
or occupation without interruption, so long as they conduct them- 
selves peaceably and do not transgress the laws. (Art. XII.) 



ARGENTINA AND GREAT BRITAIN. 169 

Treaty with Great Britain. 

No. 57. 

Treaty of fHendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetween Argentiim 
and Great Britain. 

SIGNED 2 Feb., 1825. Ratifications exchanged 12 May, 1825. Duration 
indefinite. 

TEXT : Englisli, B. F. S. P. 12 : 29-37 ; Hdb. 1912 : 1-6 ; Spanish, Argentina 
Tr. 8 : 278-88. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to : 

{a) Free and secure access with ships and cargoes to all places, 
ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in territories and do- 
minions of either country ; also right to hire and occupy houses and 
warehouses, and to trade in all articles of lawful commerce, sub- 
ject to the laws and regulations in force. (Arts. II, III.) 

{h) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other; and all prohibitions imposed against importation 
or exportation of products of either country. (Art. IV.) 

((?) All duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any articles to the territories or dominions of the other. (Art. 

IV.) 

(<i) All privileges, liberties, and rights relating to loading and un- 
loading of ships; safety of merchandise, goods, and effects; ad- 
ministration of justice; and disposal of property of every kind in 
any manner whatever. (Art. IX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 
{^a) All duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, harbor, 

pilotage, salvage, or any other local charges imposed in ports of 
either country on vessels of the other of over 120 tons burthen. 
(Art. V.) 

(6) Equal treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the 
other; the same duties to be paid and the same bounties or draw- 
backs allowed on importation of each other's products, or exporta- 
tion of products of either country to the other, whether carried in 
vessels of either nation. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Equal treatment of subjects of either country in Argentina 
as regards right to manage their affairs in person or otherwise, with- 
out being obliged to pay brokers, agents, interpreters, or other per- 
sons, unless they shall choose to employ them ; and freedom of buy- 
ers and sellers to bargain and fix prices of any goods imported into 
or exported from Argentina. (Art. VIII.) 

{d) All duties and imposts in whatever relates to loading and 
unloading of ships; safety of merchandise, goods, and effects; ad- 
ministration of justice; or disposal of property of all kinds in any 



170 ARGENTINA AND ITALY. 

manner; and all ordinary taxes payable in either country by citizens 
of the other. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Any demands made by either country upon property or effects 
of citizens of the other, in case of rupture of friendly relations be- 
tween the two countries. (Art. XI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Rules for determining nationality of vessels of either country. 
(Art. VII.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory service 
by sea or land, and from all forced loans, and military exactions or 
requisitions. (Art. IX.) 

(c) In case of rupture of friendly relations, citizens of either 
country residing in dominions of the other may remain and continue 
their trade without interruption so long as they behave peaceably 
and commit no offense against the laws; their property to be exempt 
from seizure or sequestration, and from all other demands except 
those imposed likewise upon property of native citizens. (Art. XI.) 

(d) Liberty of conscience and of religious belief in either country, 
including right to build, establish, and maintain churches, chapels, 
and cemeteries. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Reciprocal right to dispose of property by Avill in either coun- 
try, and consular jurisdiction of intestate estates. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Argentina engages to cooperate with Great Britain to com- 
plete the abolition of slavery. (Art. XIV.) 

Treaty with Italy. 

No. 58. 

Convention hetiveen Argentina and Italy respecting most-favored 
ration treatment. 

SIGNED 1 June. 1894, at Buenos Aires. Duration indefinite. Terminable by 
12 months' notice from either party. (Protocol of 31 Jan., 1895,^*) 

TEXT : Spanish, Argentina Tr. 8 : 517-23 ; Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1:3-4; 
Martens 73: 15-16; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 87 : 1169-70. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged reciprocally and with- 
out restriction respecting any favor, privilege, or immunity which 
either country may accord to citizens, products, or vessels of any 
other nation. (Art. I.) 

i^B. F. S. P. 87: 1175. 



ARGENTINA AND JAPAN. 1?! 

Treaty with Japan. *J*n ^T 

No. 59. 

Treaty of friendship^ cominerce and navigation hetwee^n Argentina 
and Japan. 

SIGNED 3 Feb., 1898, at Washington. RatiJications exchanged there 18 
Sept., 1901. Effective from exchange of ratifications for indefinite term, sub- 
ject to termination on six montlis' notice from either party. (Art. 13.) 

TEXT: English (authentic). B. F. S. P. 92:223-7; 31artens 87:817-21. 
Spanish and English, Argentina Tr. 9 : 5-21 ; Japan Tr. 1918 : 34-42. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment ^^ is reciprocally but condi- 
tionally pledged in regard to any favor, privilege, or immunity 
whatever relating to commerce, navigation, travel, or residence in 
the territories and possessions of either country (Art. 4) ; except the 
coasting trade of both countries. (Art. 8.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All rights, privileges, exemptions, or immunities accorded to 
diplomatic or consular agents in either country. (Art. 2.) 

{h) Eight to enter with ships and cargoes all places, ports, rivers, 
and straits in the territories and possessions of either country; to 
hire and occupy houses and warehouses; and to trade by wholesale 
or retail in any article of lawful commerce. (Art. 3.) 

((?) Duties imposed by either country on importation of products 
of the other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, re- 
exportation, or transit. (Art. 5.) 

{d\ Duties or charges imposed by either country on exportation 
of any article to the other. (Art. 5.) 

(\e) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against impor- 
tation or transit of products of the other, or against exportation of 
any articles to the other. (Art. 5.) 

(/) Everything relating to transit, warehousing, bounties, facili- 
ties, drawbacks, reexports, and transit duties. (Art. 6.) 

{g) All duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, harbor, 
pilotage, quarantine, salvage, or any similar or corresponding duties 
or charges of whatever nature, no matter by whom or how levied, 
imposed in any of the ports, rivers, or straits of either country on 
vessels of the other. (Art. 7.) 

(A) All privileges, immunities, and exemptions relating to billet- 
ing of soldiers, compulsory military service by land or sea, contri- 
butions of war, military exactions or forced loans. (Art. 12.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to full 
and perfect protection for persons and property, with open access 
to courts of justice and right to employ advocates or others therein. 
(Art. 11.) 

IS The term " most-favored-nation treatment " as used in this treaty means treatment 
accorded to European nations or to the United States of America. 



172 ARGENTINA AND PERSIA. 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Coasting trade to be regulated according to the laws of each 
country. (Art. 8.) 

(h) Nationality of vessels determined by the laws and regula- 
tions of each country. (Art. 9.) 

(c) Citizens of either country to enjoy in the other complete 
liberty of conscience, the right of private or public worship, and of 
burial according to their religious customs; subject to the laws and 
regulations in force. (Art. 11.) 

Treaty with Norway. 

See Sweden and Norway, No. 62. 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 60. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce 'beHoeeyi Argentina and Persia. 

SIGNED 27 July, 1902, at Ostend. Ratifications exchanged 14 Apr., 1905, 
at Brussels. Effective from 14 June, 1905, for indefinite term, subject to termina- 
tion on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT: French (authentic), Martens 84:445-7; Spanish, Argentina Tr. 
9 : 301-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in 
general terms respecting all rights, liberties, favors, and immunities 
to be enjoyed by citizens of either country in the other, as regards 
their persons and property. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to: 

{a) All rights, privileges, favors, immunities, and exemptions ac- 
corded by either countrv to diplomatic and consular agents. (Art. 

n.) 

{h) All duties imposed by either country on importation, con- 
sumption, warehousing, reexportation, or transit of products of the 
other. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Any prohibitions which either country may exceptionally im- 
pose against importation or exportation of any article to or from the 
other; except special sanitary measures, or to prevent spread -of 
epizootic diseases and destruction of harvests, or measures connected 
with war. (Art. IV.) 

II. Other provisions. — Disputes between the two countries to be 
submitted to arbitration of a friendly power. (Art. V.) 



ARGENTINA AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 173 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 61. 

Final treaty of recognition^ peace^ and friendship between Argentina 
and Spain, 

SIGNED 21 Sept., 1863, at Buenos Aires. Duration indefinite. 
TEXT: Spanish, Argentina Tr. 8:71-82; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 
53 : 307-11. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting all exemptions, favors, or 
privileges relating to commerce, customs, or navigation. (Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Terms, conditions, and obligations regarding exercise of trades 
and professions in either country, and acquisition, possession, and 
disposal of or succession to property of all kinds, in any manner, 
including export of property or of proceeds if sold ; all in accordance 
with laws of each country. (Art. VIII.) 

{h) All ordinary imposts payable on account of calling, trade, or 
property in either country. (Art. IX.) 

{c) All duties imposed by either country on imports or exports to 
or from the other, and all port dues incidental thereto. (Art. X.) 

II. Other provisions. — Exemption of each other's citizens from 
all military service by land or sea, and from all extraordinary con- 
tributions or forced loans. (Art. IX.) 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 62. 

Treaty of friendship, commerce^ and navigation between Ai^gentina 
and Sweden and Nortoay. 

SIGNED 17 July, 1885, at Vienna. Ratifications exchanged 14 Jan., 1896, at 
Buenos Aires. Effective from date of ratification for 10 years and thereafter 
terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XIV.) 

TEXT : Spanish, Argentina Tr. 10 : 125-38 ; Martens 62 : 497-501 ; Freilch, 
B. F. S. P. 82 : 963-8 ; Martens 79 : 8-8 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 529-38 ; Norwegian, 
Norway Tr. 1914:26-31. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, exemption, privi- 
lege, or immunity which either country may accord in matters of 
commerce and navigation to the citizens and subjects of any other 
Government, Nation or State. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) All duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other ; also all prohibitions imposed against importa- 
tion or exportation of their respective products. (Art. TV.) 



174 ARGENTINA AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

(h) All duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(<?) All rights, privileges, and prerogatives relating to policing 
of ports ; loading and unloading of vessels ; safety of merchandise, 
goods, and effects; a;cquisition and disposal of property of every 
description by will or otherwise; and concerning administration of 
justice. (Art. IX.) 

(d) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities conceded by either 
country to consuls. (Art. XI.) riovijt ■ 

(e) Every liberty, right, and protection in the exercise of religion, 
including right to build, establish, and maintain churches, chapels, 
and cemeteries. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged to citizens of either country regarding free and 
secure entrance with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
in the other; also right to reside therein, to hire and occupy houses 
and warehouses, and to trade in all kinds of merchandise, with com- 
plete protection and security in all respects, subject to the laws and 
regulations in force. (Art. II.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) All dutiesi imposed in ports of either country on vessels of 

the other, on account of tonnage, lighthouse, port, pilotage, salvage, 
or other local taxes. (Art. V.) 

(h) All duties imposed and all discounts or bounties allowed on 
importation or exportation of any article to or from either country 
in vessels of either nation. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to manage their aifairs in 
the other personally or otherwise, without being obliged to pay other 
or higher remuneration to persons they ma^^ choose to employ than 
native citizens pay; also the right of buyers and sellers to bargain 
freely and fix prices of any articles imported into or exported from 
either country, subject to observing the laws and customs of the 
country. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) All rights and privileges concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice, and employment of advocates or others therein. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) All duties concerning police of ports; loading and unloading 
of vessels ; safety of merchandise and effects ; and acquisition or dis- 
posal of property of all kinds in any manner whatever, subject to 
the laws and regulations in force. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Payment of ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes (Art. X), 
and any demands made by either country upon property of citizens 
of the other in case of rupture or war between the two countries. 
(Art. XII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 



ARGEISTTINA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 175 

{a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory serv- 
ice by land or sea, and from all forced loans and military requisi- 
tions. (Art. X.) 

(&) In case of rupture or war between the two countries, citizens 
of either residing in the other may remain and continue their occu- 
pation and business freely, so long as they conduct themselves peace- 
fully and do not transgress the laws. (Art. XII.) 

{c) Nationality of vessels of either country to be recognized by 
the other according to their respective laws. (Art. VII.) 

{d\ Consular archives and papers of either country to be con- 
sidered inviolable in the other. (Art. II.) 

{e) Citizens of either country who have become naturalized in the 
other, and who return to their native land with intention of being 
domiciled there, are considered to have renounced their naturaliza- 
tion after two years' residence in the country of origin. (Add. art.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Argentina with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 

Nos. 1 and 2. 



AUSTRALIA. 

See British Empire, page 2^0, note 40. 



AUSTRIA.^^ 

Treaties with America, United States of. 

Treaties of Austria with the United States have been previously- 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 3. 

Treaty with the Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 63. 

Treaty of peace between Austria and the Allied and Associated 
Powers. 

SIGNED " 10 Sept., 1919, at St. Germain. Effective from 16 July, 1920, for 
indefinite term ; but various time limits are placed on operation of specified 
articles of the treaty. 

CONTRACTING STATES: Tlie following States have ratified the treaty: 
Austria, Belgium, the British Empire, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, France, 
Greece, Italy, Japan. Nicaragua, Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, and Siam. 

TEXT: English, U. S. 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 92; G. B. T. S. 1919, 
No. 11, Cmd. 400. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by 
Austria to all Allied and Associated States (subject to exceptions, 
limitations, and extensions as noted below under II a-e) in respect to : 

{a) Importation, exportation, transit. — Every favor, immunity, 
or privilege granted by Austria in regard to importation, exporta- 
tion, or transit of goods. (Art. 220.) 

(&) Importation. — All duties or charges (including internal 
charges), and all prohibitions or restrictions imposed on importa- 
tion into Austrian territory of products of any Allied or Associated 
State, from whatever place arriving. (Art. 217.) 

]S"o discrimination to be made, on importation, against the com- 
merce of any Allied or Associated State, even by indirect means, such 

I*' For detailed stipulations in Austria's treaty of peace of 10 Sept., 1919, with the 
Allied and Associated Powers concerning her treaty relations after the World War, siee 
Arts. 234-47 of that treaty, noted m this volume under No. 63, Vll ^-U. See also 
p. 187, note 20. 

^■^ Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of, British Empire, France, 
Italy, and Japan (these Powers being described in the treaty as the Principal Allied 
and Associated Powers) ; Belgium, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Nicaragua, 
Panama, Poland, Portugal,, Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, and Siam (these Powers 
constituting with the Principal Powers mentioned above the Allied and Associated 
Powers) ; and Austria. 

176 



AUSTRIA: AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 177 

as customs regulations and procedure, methods of verification or 
analysis, conditions of payment of duties, tariff classification or in- 
terpretation, or the operation of monopolies. (Art. 218.) 

Until 16 July, 1923, fruits (fresh and dried), fresh vegetables, 
olive oil, eggs, pigs and pork products, and live poultry, so far as 
such products enjoyed on 28 July, 1914, rates conventionalized by 
treaties with the Allied and Associated Powers, shall not, when im- 
ported into Austria from Allied and Associated States, be subject' to 
higher duties than the most favorable rates applied to said products 
on 28 July, 1914. (Art. 223.) 

(c) Exports. — All duties or charges (including internal charges) 
in all that concerns exportations of Austrian products to any Allied 
and Associated State, and any prohibitions or restrictions on expor- 
tation of any goods sent from Austrian territory to any such State. 
(Art. 2i9.) 

(d) Trade and industry. — Any prohibitions, regulations, or re- 
strictions in regard to occupations, professions, trade, and industry. 
(Art. 228.) 

(e) Aircraft. — Treatment of aircraft of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards internal commercial air traffic in Austria. (Art. 
281.) 

(/) Seaports. — Treatment of seaports of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards all favors and reduced tariffs granted on Austrian 
railways or navigable waterways for the benefit of any port of another 
power. (Arts. 288-9.) 

II. Exceptions, limitations, and extensions. 

(a) Articles 217-20 can not be invoked by Allied and Associated 
States to secure the advantage of any arrangement which Austria 
may make until 16 July, 1925, with Hungary or Czechoslovakia for 
a special customs regime regarding products which both originate in 
and come from these countries. (Art. 222.) 

(h) Unless the League of Nations decides otherwise, none of the 
Allied and Associated Powers is entitled to require fulfillment by 
Austria of provisions of Articles 217-20 after 16 July, 1923, unless 
that power accords correlative treatment to Austria. (Art. 232.) 

(c) The obligations imposed upon Austria by Articles 217 to 224 
shall cease to have effect on 16 July, 1925, unless the council of the 
League of Nations decides before 16 July, 1924, that these obligations 
shall be maintained for a further period with or without amendment. 
(Art. 232.) 

(d) Article 228 may be kept in operation after 16 July, 1925, with 
or without amendment, for a further period not exceeding j&ve years 
by a majority of the council of the League of Nations. (Art. 232.) 

(e) Provisions of Article 281 remain in force until 1 Jan., 1923, 
subject to contingency noted below under VI. (Art. 283.) 



178 AUSTRIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

III. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
unconditionally pledged by Austria to all the Allied and Associated 
Powers (subject to exceptions and limitations noted below under 
IV) in respect to: , 

(a) Ports, waterways, and railways. — -Transit through Austrian 
territories, by rail, waterway, or canal^ of persons, goods, vessels, 
carriages, wagons, and mails coming from or going to any Allied and 
Associated State, whether contiguous or not. Such persons, goods, 
vessels, etc., shall not be subjected to any transit duty or to any delays 
or restriction, and shall be entitled in Austria to national treatment 
as regards charges, facilities, and all other matters. Goods in transit 
to be exempt from all customs or other similar duties. All transport 
charges to be reasonable, and no charge, facility, or restriction shall 
depend on ownership or nationality of the ship or other means of 
transport employed for any part of the through journey. (Art. 284.) 

(h) Taxesi, charges, and prohibitions. — Austria undertakes to 
make no discrimination or preference, direct or indirect, in the duties, 
charges, and prohibitions relating to importations into or exporta- 
tions from her territories, or (subject to special arrangements con- 
tained in this treaty) in the charges and conditions of transport of 
goods or persons entering or leaving her territories, based on nation- 
ality of ports or means of transport employed, or on any of the other 
grounds or reasons detailed. Austria particularly undertakes not to 
establish against the ports and vessels of any Allied or Associated 
Power any surtax or any direct or indirect bounty for export or im- 
port by Austrian ports or* ships, or by those of another power, for 
example, by means of combined tariffs. (Art. 286.) By way of 
exception, however, products in transit by the ports which before the 
war were in Austro-Hungarian territory shall, until 16 July, 1923, 
enjoy on importation into Austria reductions of duty as under the 
customs tariff of 13 Feb., 1906. (Art. 221.) 

(c) Transit traffic. — Transportation of goods in transit from or 
to territories of Allied and Associated Powers, as regards rapidity 
of carriage and care en route, with special reference to perishable 
goods and customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. 287.) 

(d) Navigation. — Treatment of vessels and property of nationals 
of the Allied and Associated Powers in ports and on inland naviga- 
tion routes in Austria, in all respects, including transport of goods 
and passengers without unnecessary impediment to or from any ports 
or places in Austrian territory to which Austrian vessels may have 
access ; with special reference to port and harbor facilities and 
charges of every description, no matter by whom or how levied. 
(Art. 290.) But Austrian vessels can not carry passengers or goods 
by regular service between ports of any Allied or Associated Power 
without special authority from such power. (Art. 293.) 



AUSTEIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 179 

(e) International waterways. — Equal treatment of the prop- 
erty and flags of all Powers on the Austrian waterways declared to 
be international, with special reference to the Danube River system 
and its lateral canals and channels. (Arts. 291-2.) 

(/) International transport. — Treatment on Austrian railways 
of goods coming from territories of the Allied and Associated Powers 
and going to Austria, or in transit through Austria from or to said 
territories, as regards charges, facilities, and all other matters; with 
special reference to conditions of transport and length of route. 
Austria undertakes to maintain on her own lines the regime of tariffs 
existing before the war as regards traffic to Adriatic and Black Sea 
ports, from the point of view of competition with North German 
ports. (Art. 312.) 

(g) Use of railways. — Railway tariffs (including drawbacks and 
rebates) applicable under the same conditions of speed and comfort 
to transportation of emigrants going to or coming from ports of 
Allied and Associated Powers and using the Austrian railways. 
Austria must cooperate in establishment of through ticket services 
(for passengers and their luggage) required by any of said powers 
to insure their communication by rail with each other and with all 
other countries by transit through Austria, and must accept trains 
and carriages coming from territories of said powers. (Arts. 
314-16.) 

(h) Telegraphs and telephones.— Freedom of transit for tele- 
graphic correspondence and telephonic communications coming from, 
or going to any Allied or Associated Power, whether neighbor or not, 
over lines most suitable for international transit, and without un- 
necessary delay or restriction. No payment, facility, or restriction 
shall depend directly or indirectly on nationality of transmitter or 
addressee. (Art. 326.) 

IV. Exceptions and limitations. 

The stipulations in Articles 284-90, 293, 312, 31^16. and 326 
(including those noted above under III, a-d^ and III, f-h) are sub- 
ject to revision by the council of the League of Nations at any time 
after 16 July, 1923. Failing such revision, no Allied or Associated 
Power can thereafter (unless this three-year period is prolonged by 
said council) claim the benefit of any of those stipulations for any 
portion of its territories in which reciprocity is not accorded in re- 
spect thereof. In transferred territories of the former Austro-Hun- 
garian Monarchy, the benefit of those stipulations can be claimed 
only on condition of reciprocity being given to Austria. (Art. 330.) 

V. National treatment is pledged by Austria to nationals of the 
Allied and Associated Powers (subject to limitations noted below 
under VI) in respect to: 

54083—21 13 



180 AUSTRIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

(a) Taxation. — All charges, taxes or imposts, direct or indirect, 
imposed on nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers, their 
property, rights or interests, including companies and associations 
in which they are interested. (Art. 228.) 

(b) Restrictions. — Any restriction which was not applicable to 
nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers on 1 July, 1914. 
(Art. 228.) 

(c) Property rights. — Any measures in derogation of property 
rights affecting the property rights or interests restored to nationals 
of Allied and Associated Powers under Article 249 of this treaty, in- 
cluding companies and associations in which they are interested. 
(Art. 250.) 

(d) Aircraft. — All privileges of aircraft of Allied and Associated 
Powers, when passing over or landing in Austrian territory, par- 
ticularly in case of distress. (Art. 276.) Also any regulations which 
Austria may make with reference to rights of passage, transit and 
landing, as applied to aircraft of said Powers flying over Austrian 
territory. (Arts. 277 and 279.) 

(e) Aerodromes. — Use of aerodromes in Austria by aircraft of the 
Allied and Associated Powers; with special reference to charges of 
every description, including charges for landing and accommodation. 
(Art. 278.) 

(/) Certificates and licenses. — Validity of certificates of na- 
tionality, airworthiness or competency, and licenses issued or recog- 
nized as valid by any of the Allied and Associated Powers. (Art, 
280.) 

(g) Railways. — Treatment of rolling stock of Allied and As- 
sociated Powers on Austrian railway lines, as regards movement, 
upkeep, and repairs. (Art. 317.) 

VI. Time limits. — Provisions of Articles 276 to 282 (including 
those noted above under I e and V d-f) shall remain in force until 
1 Jan., 1923, unless before that date Austria is admitted into the 
League of Nations, or authorized by the Allied and Associated 
Powers to adhere to the convention concluded between said powers 
relative to aerial navigation. (Art. 283.) 

VII. Other provisions. 

(a) Unfair competition. — Austria undertakes to adopt all neces- 
sary legislative and administrative measures to protect products of 
any Allied and Associated Power from all forms of unfair competi- 
tion in commercial transactions; and undertakes to prohibit and 
repress by seizure and other appropriate remedies the importation, 
exportation, manufacture, distribution, or sale in its territory of all 
goods bearing marks or descriptions calculated to convey a false in- 
dication of origin, type, nature, or special characteristics of such 
goods. (Art. 226.) 



AUSTRIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 181 

(5) Regional appellations. — Austria undertakes (on conditibii of 
reciprocity) to respect laws and decisions of Allied and Associated 
States duly communicated to her by proper authorities, defining or 
regulating the right to regional appellations for wine or spirits pro- 
duced in the State to which the region belongs ; and to prohibit and 
repress by seizure and other appropriate remedies the importation, 
exportation, manufacture, distribution or sale of articles bearing 
regional appellations inconsistent with such law or order. (Art. 
227.) 

((?) Government trading. — If the Austrian government engages 
in international trade, it shall not in respect thereof have any rights, 
privileges, or immunities of sovereignty. (Art. 233.) 

(d) Aerial navigation. — Austrian aircraft flying over her ter- 
ritory must comply with the rules for air traffic in the neighborhood 
of aerodromes, as laid down in the convention concluded between the 
Allied and Associated Powers; with special reference to lights, 
signals, and rules of the air. (Art. 282.) 

(e) Transmigration. — Austria undertakes not to exercise any con- 
trol over transmigration traffic through her territories beyond meas- 
ures necessary to ensure that passengers are bona fide in transit ; nor 
to allow any shipping company or other private corporation or per- 
son interested in the traffic to take part in or exercise influence over 
any administrative service that may be necessary for this purpose. 
(Art. 285.) 

(/) Teeaties. — Enumeration of multilateral treaties conventions, 
and agreements to be applied after 16 July, 1920, and subject to 
provisions of this treaty, as between Austria and those of the Allied 
and Associated Powers party thereto (Arts. 234-8) ; and of specified 
conventions to which Austria undertakes to adhere (Arts. 239-40). 

(g) Each of the Allied and Associated Powers must, before 16 
Jan., 1921, notify to Austria the bilateral agreements of all kinds 
which such power wishes to revive with Austria ; all not thus notified 
are and remain abrogated. This applies even to those of the Allied 
and Associated Powers who were not in a state of war with Austria. 
(Art. 241.) 

(h) Austria undertakes to adhere to any general convention re- 
garding international regime of transit, waterways, ports, or rail- 
ways which may be concluded by the Allied and Associated Powers, 
with approval of the League of Nations, before 16 July, 1925. (Art. 
331.) 

(^) Pecuniary Claims. — Austria undertakes not to put forward 
directly or indirectly against any powder signatory of this treaty any 
pecuniary claim based on events which occurred at any time before 
16 July, 1920; all claims of this nature are extinguished after that 
date, whoever may be the parties in interest. (Art. 377.) 



182 AUSTRIA AND BULGARIA. 

Other extensive and detailed provisions relate to: 

(j) Political clauses for Europe (Arts. 36-94) ; with special refer- 
ence to Italy (Arts. 36-45) ; Serb-Croat-Slovene State (Arts. 46-52) ; 
Czechoslovakia (Arts. 53-8) ; Roumania (Arts. 59-61) ; and to Bel- 
gium, Luxemburg, Schleswig, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Russia (Arts. 
83-7). 

(k) Austrian interests outside Europe (Arts. 95-117) ; with spe- 
cial reference to Morocco (Arts. 96-101) ; Egypt (Arts. 102-9) ; Siam 
(Arts. 110-12) ; and China (Arts. 113-17). 

(I) Military, naval, and air clauses. (Arts. 118-59.) 

(m) Prisoners of war and graves. (Arts. 160-72.) 

(n) Penalties. (Arts. 173-6.) 

(o) Reparation. (Arts. 177-96.) 

(p) Financial clauses. (Arts. 197-216.) 

(q) Debts. (Art. 248 and Annex.) 

(r) Property, rights, and interests. (Arts. 249-50 and Annex.) 

(s) Contracts, prescriptions, judgments. (Arts. 251-5 and 
Annex.) 

(t) Mixed arbitral tribunal. (Arts. 256-7 and Annex.) 

(u) Industrial property. (Arts. 258-62.) 

(v) Special provisions relating to transferred territory. (Arts. 
263-75.) 

(w) Ports, waterways, and railways. (Arts. 294-310, 318-29.) 

(x) Labor.i« (Arts. 33^72.) 

(y) Miscellaneous provisions. (Arts. 373-81.) 

(b) The covenant of the League of Nations ^^ is prefixed to the 
treaty. (Arts. 1-26.) 

Treaty with Bulgaria. 
No. 64. 

Exchange of notes between Austria and Bulgaria concerning most- 
favored-nation treatment, 

SIGNED 16 Nov., 1920. at Vienna. Effective from 16 Nov.. 1920, until 9 
Aug., 1921. 
TEXT: German and French, Bundesgbl. No. 1.5.5. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally assured to the mer- 
chandise and natural or manufactured products of either country on 
their importation into the other. 

18 See No. 507. i^ See No. 506. 



AUSTRIA AND GERMANY. 183 

Treaty with Germany. 
No. 65. 

Provisional economic agreement hetween Austria and Germany. 

SIGNED 1 Sept., 1920, at Munich. Effective from 12 Feb., 1921, until ter- 
minated by four months' notice from either party (Art. 35) ; except that the 
import duties noted below under III c are terminable on one month's notice 
(Art. 3). 

TEXT: German, Bundesgbl., No. 135. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below under IV a-&) in matters concerning 
economic relations between the two countries, with special refer- 
ence to : 

(<2) Import and export duties; customs formalities; consumption 
duties and similar internal taxes; and any prohibitions or regula- 
tions which either country may impose respecting importation, ex- 
portation, or transit. (Arts. II a and 34, 2.) 

{h) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of movable and im- 
movable property; right of nationals, companies, and corporations 
of either country to exercise commerce, trade, industry, and agri- 
culture in the other; and payment of imposts, taxes, or other charges 
relating to any of these. (Ibid., 6.) 

(<?) Treatment of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial 
travelers of either country making purchases or booking orders in 
the other under conditions stated; with special reference to trade 
dues payable by commercial travelers and treatment of samples in 
their possession. (Ibid., c.) 

(d) Admission and treatment of vessels, their crews and cargoes, 
and payment of navigation dues. (Ibid., d.) 

{e) Transportation of persons by carriers on land or waterways. 
(Ibid., 2.) 

(/) Any facilities accorded by either country with reference to 
customs clearance of objects transported on railways, on condition 
of reciprocity. (Art. 23, 4.) 

{g) Right which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations (including insurance companies) of 
either country are permitted to exercise in the other. (Art. 24, 4.) 

(A) Appointment of consular officers, and (on condition of reci- 
procity) of prerogatives, powers, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers in either country. (Art. 25, 1-2.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption. These must not under any pretext bear more heavily on 
imported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
domestic production. (Art. 10.) 



184 AUSTRIA AIS^D GERMAIS^Y. 

(h) Admission by either country of seagoing merchant vessels 
of the other and their cargoes under the same conditions and duties 
as national ships; including the coasting trade; with special refer- 
ence to payment of port, tonnage, clearance, lighthouse, pilotage, 
towage, quarantine, and other dues affecting the hull of the ship. 
(Art. 12, 1-2.) 

((?) Treatment of vessels of either country wrecked or stranded on 
coasts of the other ; with special reference to favors or immunities 
granted by laws of either country to its own vessels, and assistance 
to be given to crews, vessels, and cargoes. (Art. 14, 1-2.) 

(d) Right of citizens and vessels of either country to navigate all, 
natural and artificial waterways in the other, and all conditions and 
taxes relating thereto ; with special reference to tow^age. (Art. 15.) 

(e) Treatment of citizens of either country making use in the 
other of specified equipments and services established for public use ; 
such as roads, canals, locks, bridges, weighbridges, ports, landings, 
signals, cranes, pilotage, warehouses, and facilities for salvaging 
vessels or cargoes, whether such services are administered by the 
State or by private parties; with special reference to conditions or 
taxes relating thereto. No tax to be collected unless the equipment 
or service was actually used; subject to exceptions regarding mari- 
time lighting and pilotage, and arrangements for loading and dis- 
charging cargo at seaports. (Art. 16, 1-3.) 

(/) Use of railways of either country by residents of the other 
and their merchandise with special reference to cost, speed, and 
manner of transport, and to public imposts relating thereto. (Arts. 
17, 1-2, and 19.) 

(g) Exercise of commerce and industry in either coimtry (includ- 
ing attendance at markets or fairs), and payment of taxes relating 
thereto; except druggists, brokers, peddlers, and other itinerant 
trades. (Art. 24, 1-3.) 

(h) Assistance and protection to be given by consuls of either 
country to citizens of the other in third countries where either has 
no consular representation, and payment of dues or charges relating 
thereto. (Art. 26.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions against importation, exportation, or transit ; except for the 
following reasons applying to all countries under similar conditions : 

(1) Considerations of public safety. 

(2) Measures of sanitary police, or to protect animals and useful 
plants from disease, insects, or noxious parasites. 

(3) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 



AUSTRIA AND GERMANY. 185 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, distribution, or 
consumption of similar articles of national production. 

(5) Products which are government monopolies in either country. 
(Art. I.) 

(b) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning transit of speci- 
fied products through either country. (Art. I, 4-8.) 

(c) Duties payabk in the customs territory of either country on 
importation of products of the other listed in tariffs A and B 
annexed to the treaty of 25 Jan., 1905,"" shall not be higher than the 
duties specified in these tariffs, which are terminable by either party 
on one month's notice. (Art. 3.) 

(d) Merchandise passing through either country to or from the 
other is exempt from all transit duties, whether passing direct, or 
unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. 4.) 

(e) Specified merchandise passing from or to either country to 
or from markets and fairs in the other, including cattle returning 
unsold, are reciprocally exempt from import and export duties; also 
commercial travelers' samples, subject to customs regulations relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. 5.) 

(/) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning treatment by 
either country of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers 
from the other. (Art. 6.) 

(g) Elaborate and detailed provisions designed to facilitate traffic 
between frontier districts, by exempting specified articles from 
import and export duties, under conditions described in detail. 
(Arts. 7-9.) 

(A) Both countries agree to cooperate for prevention and punish- 
ment of smuggling. (Art. 11.) 

(^) Nationality and tonnage of vessels to be recognized in accord- 
ance with laws of the country to which vessels belong. (Art. 12.) 

(j) Ships of either country are exempt from tonnage and clear- 
ance dues in the other, under conditions stated. (Art. 12.) 

(k) Vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports of the other 
from damage or shipwreck are exempt from port dues, so long as 
they do not engage in commerce or remain longer than necessary. 
Salvaged merchandise is exempt from customs duties unless entered 
for consumption. (Art. 13.) 

(!) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning railway traffic 
to or from either country, with special reference to direct passenger 
and freight tariffs, through time-tables for passengers and goods, 
and facilitation of customs formalities for merchandise passing in 
closed wagons from either country to certain destinations in the 
other. (Arts. 17-23.) 

19a German, Hdv. 1906 : 568. 



186 AUSTRIA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

(m) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial, or finan- 
cial associations (including insurance companies) of either country 
may carry on their business in the other, subject to the laws and 
regulations in force. (Art. 24.) 

(n) Detailed provisions concerning transportation of persons and 
goods between the two countries. Nb trade tax to be imposed by 
either country on subjects of the other engaged in navigation by sea 
or river from one country to the other, or in forwarding goods and 
persons by wagon roads. (Art. 24.) 

(o) Right of either country to send designated officials to specified 
customs offices of the other for information concerning customs ad- 
ministration and the guarding of frontiers. Each country will fur- 
nish the other any desirable information concerning the accounting 
and statistical work in its customs territory. (Art. 27.) 

(p) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs A and B (noted above under III^), or concerning 
application of the most- favored-nation clause by the customs adminis- 
tration of either country. Procedure described in detail. (Art. 29.) 

(q) Both parties agree to a joint investigation of the treatment of 
laborers of either country in the other as regards their protection 
and insurance, with a view to equalizing these advantages in both 
countries so far as possible. (Art. 30.) 

(r) Both parties undertake to conclude an agreement to obviate 
double taxation, and to secure mutual legal aid in matters concern- 
ing taxation. (Art. 31.) 

(s) Renewal of specified earlier Agreements between Austria-Hun- 
gary and the German Empire. (Art. 32.) 

(t) Extensive and detailed stipulations concerning import and 
export prohibitions or restrictions which either country may impose, 
irrespective of stipulations of Article 1 (noted above under III a-h), 
during continuance of the exceptional conditions occasioned by the 
economic results of the war. (Art. 34.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The most-favored-nation stipulations of this 
agreement do not apply to : 

(a) Favors which either country may accord to a neighboring 
State to facilitate traffic between certain frontier zones. (Art. 2, 
2 a.) 

(h) Favors which either country may concede in consequence of 
a customs union. (Ibid., 2h.) 

V. Territorial application. — ^This agreement applies to all terri- 
tories united with either country in a customs union. (Art. 28.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Austria with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 3. 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.^^ 

Treaty with Belgium. 

No. 66. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween AustrLa-Humgary and 
Belgium. 

SIGNED 12 Feb., 1906, at Vienna. Effective from 1 Mar., 1906,. until 31 
Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XIX.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 99: 541-50; French and German, Neumann 28: 
329-68 ; Martens 85 : 130-48. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) with regard to: 

{a) Application of special laws and regulations concerning com- 
merce, industry, or police in either country to citizens of the other. 
(Art. I.) 

{h) Treatment by either country of products of the other, whether 
imported for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, or transit; 
with special reference to imposition of duties, and any favors, immu- 
nities, or reductions of import duties which either country may ac- 
cord to any third power (Art. Ill), except as noted below under lY. 

{c) Any duties imposed by either country on exports to the other, 
and any favors relating to exportation. (Art. YI.) 

{d) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
and commercial travelers from the other. (Art. XI.) 

{e) All rights accorded by either country to stock companies and 
other commercial, industrial, or financial associations (including 
insurance companies) ; with special reference to actions in courts of 
justice. (Art. XII.) 

(/) All privileges, exemptions, or immunities which either coun- 
try may accord to consular officers. (Art. XV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms by 
either country to citizens of the other respecting all privileges, 
immunities, and other favors of any kind concerning matters of 
commerce and industry in any part of either country, and all duties, 
taxes, imposts, or fees relating thereto ; except pharmacists, brokers, 
peddlers, and other exclusively itinerant trades or professions 

20 Treaties of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire with the Allied and Associated 
Powers have been included in this volume to show the character and extent of Austria- 
Hungary's commercial treaty relations before the World War. See also p. 176, note 16. 

187 



188 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND BELGIUM. 

(Final protocol, Art. I), and subject to special laws and regulations 
applying to all foreigners in matters of commerce and industry or 
police. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Military contributions or requisitions in either country; and 
application of the laws concerning indemnities. (Art. II.) 

(h) Internal duties on production or consumption, whether levied 
in either country by the State, or by Provinces, municipalities or 
corporations. Such duties must not under any pretext bear more 
heavily on imported products of the other country than on similar 
articles of domestic production. Belgian excise duties on wine are 
excepted, so long as that product is admitted into Belgium free of 
import duties. (Art. X.) 

(c) Treatment by either country of ships of the other anS their 
cargoes; but coasting trade and national fisheries are excepted. 
(Art. XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea. (Art. II.) 

(h) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty shall pay no other or higher duties on im- 
portation into the other by land or sea than those specified in these 
tariffs. Certificates of origin to be required only in important cases 
involving commercial policy. (Art. IV and final protocol.) 

(e) As certain articles pay higher duties in Austria when im- 
ported by land than by sea, Austria agrees not to increase the ex- 
isting preference in favor of importation by sea, nor to establish 
such a preference for any additional articles without Belgium's con- 
sent. Belgium gives no preference to importation by sea, and agrees 
not to establish such preference in future. (Art. Y.) 

(d) Merchandise passing to or from either country is exempt in 
the other from all transit duties; except special regulations con- 
cerning g-unpowder and arms of war. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Both countries agree not to obstruct their commercial rela- 
tions by prohibitions regarding importation, exportation, or transit, 
except in the following cases : 

(1) State monopolies of either country. (Art. VIII a.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety, and sanitary measures for 
protection of public health, or to prevent propagation of insects and 
other organisms injurious to agriculture. (Art. VIII h.) 

(3) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. 
VIII c.) 

(/) Provisions concerning transit of arms, ammunitions, and ex- 
plosives. (Art. IX.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND CHINA. 189 

(g) Extensive provisions concerning commercial travelers, and 
duty-free admission of travelers' samples, subject to customs regula- 
tions relating thereto. (Art. XL) 

(h) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial^ and finan- 
cial associations (including insurance companies) duly constituted 
in either country are authorized to exercise their rights in the other, 
with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. XII.) 

(i) Cooperation of consuls v^ith local authorities for recovery 
of seamen deserters. (Art. XVI.) 

(j) Arbitration of disputes regarding interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs A and B, or of other provisions of this treaty, or 
concerning application of the most-favored-nation clause by the 
customs administration of either country. The court of arbitration 
to be constituted as described. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The most-favored-nation treatment noted above under I h 
does not apply to : 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic, and reductions or exemptions from cus- 
toms duties applying only to certain limited frontiers or to inhab- 
itants of certain districts. (Art. Ill, 1.) 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed on either country by en- 
gagements of a customs union. (Art. Ill, 2.) 

(h) The national treatment provisions noted above under II c 
do not apply to the coasting trade or the national fisheries of either 
country. (Art. XIII.) 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty extends to all countries 
belonging to the customs territory of either party. (Art. XVII.) 

Treaty with China. 

No. 6 7. 

Treaty of friendship, co'tnmeTce^ and no.vigation hetween AustHa- 
Hungary and CKina. 

SIGNED 2 Sept., 1869, at Peking. No time limit stated. Annexed tariff and 
provisions relating to commerce are subject to revision every 10 years on six 
months' notice from either party. (Art. XLIV.) 

TEXT: French (transl.), Hertslet's China Tr. 1: 215-23; B. F. S. P. 61: 
159-71 ; German, Neumann 12 : 383-412. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all privileges, liberties, and advantages which 
either country may accord to the Government or subjects of any 
other nation; with special reference to changes in customs tariffs, 
import and export duties, and shipping dues. (Art. XLIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged by China in 
regard to : . 



190 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND CHINA. 

(a) All rights and privileges accorded to consular agents. 
(Art. VI.) 

(h) Eight of Austrian subjects to exercise commerce in the in- 
terior of China, but without establishing stores of merchandise. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(c) Eight of Austrian merchant vessels to visit the ports and 
cities open to foreign commerce in China, and to navigate freely 
with their cargoes from one open port to another. (Art. X.) 

(d) Import and export duties payable in China by Austrian mer- 
chants. (Art. XX.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Complete protection assured by either country for persons 
and properties of subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Diplomatic agents of either country to enjoy at the place of 
their residence in the other all privileges and liberties assured to 
them by the law of nations. (Arts. Ill, IV.) 

(c) Eight of Austrian subjects to travel, reside, and exercise com- 
merce or industry in ports, cities, and places named (Art. VIII) ; 
to lease houses or warehouses for storage of merchandise; and to 
lease lands and build houses, shops, churches, hospitals, schools, etc. 
(Art. IX.) 

(d) Eight of Austrians to employ Chinese subjects as agents, in- 
terpreters, clerks, workers, etc. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Consular cooperation with local authorities in jurisdiction of 
disputes between Chinese and Austrian subjects in China. (Art. 
XXXVIII.) 

(/) Crimes committed by subjects of either country against sub- 
jects of the other to be punished by authorities of defendant's na- 
tion. (Art. XXXIX.) 

(g) Jurisdiction of disputes concerning rights of persons or prop- 
erty arising between Austrian subjects in China is vested in Austrian 
authorities exclusively. Disputes between Austrians and other for- 
eigners in China to be judged by their respective authorities, with- 
out intervention of the Chinese Government. (Art. XL.) 

(A) Fraudulent debtors of either nationality to be brought to jus- 
tice by their respective authorities. (Art. XLII.) 

(i) Extensive and detailed provisions relating to smuggling (Art. 
X) ; passports (Art. XI) ; inviolability of Austrian property and 
vessels in China (Art. XIII) ; pilotage (Art. XIV) ; customhouse 
guards (Art. XV) ; ship's papers, bills of lading, etc. (Art. XVI) ; 
permits for loading, discharging or transshipment of cargo (Arts. 
XVII, XVIII) ; hiring of boats for transporting passengers and 
merchandise (Art. XIX) ; valuation of goods for customs purposes 
(Arts. XXI-XXIII) ; tonnage dues (Arts. XXIV-XXVII) ; transit 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND DENMARK. 191 

dues (Art. XXVIII) ; exemption of undischarged cargo from pay- 
ment of duties (Art. XXIX) ; coasting trade dues (Art. XXX) ; 
reexportation of duty-paid goods, and drawbacks relating thereto 
(Art. XXXI) ; Chinese standards of weights and measures (Art. 
XXXII) ; right of Austrian warships to visit Chinese ports (Art. 
XXXIV) ; assistance to Austrian vessels seeking refuge from dam- 
age or shipwreck in Chinese waters (Art. XXXV) ; arrest and re- 
covery of seamen deserters and of fugitives from justice (Art. 
XXXVI) ; and suppression of piracy in Chinese waters (Art. 
XXXVII). 

Treaty with Denmark. 

No. 68. 

Conve7ition of coTmnerce and navigation hetvjeen Austria-Hungary 

and Denmark. 

SIGNED 14 Mar., 1887, at Copenhagren. Terminable on 12 months' notice 
by either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : French, Neumann 1$ : 606-9 ; B. F. S. P. 78 : 937-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) regarding importation, exportation, and transit; also in all 
matters concerning commercial operations, navigation, exercise of 
commerce and industry, and payment of taxes relating thereto. 
(Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Any reductions, favors, privileges, liberties, and immunities 
or exceptions of whatever kind relating to import duties payable in 
either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) All rights, immunities, and privileges accorded by either coun- 
try to consular officers. (Art. V.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in all matters con- 
cerning ships and their cargoes in either country ; including Iceland 
and the Faroe Islands (Art. I), but excepting the Danish Antilles 
and Greenland (Art. IV) . 

III. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation provisions do not apply to : 
{a) The coasting trade and national fisheries of either country. 

(Art. II.) 

{b) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
or districts to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. Ill, 1.) 

((?) Obligations which may be imposed on either country in virtue 
of a customs union. (Art. Ill, 2.) 

IV. Application to colonies. 

[a) National treatment is pledged to Austria in all matters con- 
cerning ships and their cargoes in Iceland and the Faroe Islands. 
(Art. I.) 



192 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND EGYPT. 

(h) Provisions concerning national and most-favored-nation treat- 
ment do not apply to the Danish Antilles and Greenland. (Art. IV.) 

(c) IS'avigation and commerce in Greenland are reserved for the 
State. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Egypt. 

No. 69. 

Commercial convention between Austria- Hungary and Egypt. 

SIGNED 16 Aug., 1890, at Cairo. Efeective from 1 Jan., 1891, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XVI.) 

TEXT: French and German, Neumann 19: 445-65; French, B. F. S. P. 82: 
1109-18. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting all privileges, favors, or immunities which either 
party may accord in matters concerning commerce, navigation, tran- 
sit, and payment of import or export duties. (Art. IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, from whatever place arriving. (Art. II.) 

(h) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion of products of the other, from whatever place arriving ; except 
sanitary measures to protect persons or cattle, or plants useful to 
agriculture; and except as noted below under V. (Art. II.) 

((?) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country 
on exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) Any facilities concerning customs regulations which Egypt 
may accord to the subjects, ships, navigation, and commerce of any 
other foreign power. (Art. XII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Any duties or restrictions imposed on articles of whatever 
origin imported from any source into either country, or exported 
therefrom in ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) Application to Austrian subjects of regulations and tariff 
duties on articles not included in the extensive list of Austrian prod- 
ucts subject to a maximum duty of 10 per cent ad valorem on their 
importation into Egypt. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Internal duties (octroi, excise, etc.) levied in either country 
on any of its products. i.Such internal taxes must not bear more 
heavily on imported products of the other country than on similar 
articles of national or other foreign production ; it being understood 
that specified consumption duties may be levied by municipalities 
or communes on imported articles not produced locally. (Art. IX.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND EGYPT. 193 

{d) Application to Austrian subjects and vessels of Egyptian 
regulations concerning specified matters relating to public utilities, 
suppression of fraud, and public health or security. (Art. XII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and ex- 
emptions in matters of commerce and navigation; and payment of 
taxes or duties relating thereto. (Art. I.) ■' 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to: 
{a) Right of citizens of either country to enter with their ships 
and cargoes all ports and places open to nationals in the other. 
(Art. I.) 

{h) Treatment by either country of ships of the other, in all re- 
spects, from whatever place arriving and whatever the origin or 
destination of the cargoes ; with special reference to local regulations, 
pilotage, and taxes or other charges levied in ports, basins, docks, 
roadsteads, and harbors of either country, and in general all that 
concerns navigation (Art. V) ; except the coasting trade and interior 
navigation, as noted below under V d. 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Nationality of vessels to be recognized according to laws of 
each country. (Art. V.) 

{h) Import duties payable in Egypt on numerous specified prod- 
ucts of Austria-Hungary not to exceed 10 per cent ad valorem. 
(Art. VI.) 

{c) Export duties levied in Egypt not to exceed 1 per cent ad 
valorem. (Art. VIII.) 

{d) Merchandise destined for transshipment or bonding to be ex- 
empt from all import or export duties in Egypt, except when 
destined for use by the vessel in which transshipped, in which case 
the export duty of 1 per cent ad valorem applies. (Art. VIII.) 

{e) Dut5^-free admission by Egypt of Austrian commercial travel- 
ers' samples or models, subject to customs regulations relating thereto. 
(Art. X.) 

(/) Personal effects of Austrian consuls (as defined) are exempt 
in Egypt from customs examination and payment of duties. 
(Art. XL) 

{g) Detailed provision concerning rights and limitations of Egyp- 
tian authorities with regard to search of houses of Belgian subjects, 
and search or seizure of Austrian vessels in Egyptian waters. 
(Art.XIL) 

V. Exceptions. 

{a) The following articles are excluded from stipulations of this 
Convention : Tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, hashish, arms, 
munitions, and explosive materials. (Art. II and annex.) 

{h) The stipulations of Articles I to XII do not apply to : 



194 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND FRANCE. 

(1) Special arrangements between Egypt and other parts of the 
Ottoman Empire under direct administration of the Porte, or be- 
tween Egypt and Persia. 

(2) Arrangements between Egypt and the Sudan respecting ex- 
change of merchandise native or foreign. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) The provisions of Article IV (noted above under I) do not 
apply to : 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier relations, and reductions or exemptions from 
customs duties applying only to specified frontiers or inhabitants 
of certain districts. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Obligations imposed on either country by engagements of a 
customs union. (Art. IV, 2.) 

(d) The provisions of Article V (noted above under II a and 
III i) do not apply to the coasting trade and interior navigation 
of either country, which are reserved for regulation by their respec- 
tive laws. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Ethiopia (Abyssinia). 
No. 70. 
Treaty of friendship and commerce hetiveen Austria-Hungary and 
Ethiopia (Abyssinia). 

SIGNED 21 Mar., 1905, at Addis Abbaba. Ratifications exchanged 24 May, 
1909, at Vienna. Terminable on one year's notice by either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT: German, Neumann 32: 164-8; English (transL), B. F. S. P. 100: 
609-10. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
regard to appointment of consular officers, and all rights, privileges, 
and immunities concerning their persons and official business in 
either country. (Art. III.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Ethiopia 
with regard to : 

(a) Transport of goods coming from Austria-Hungary by all 
routes open to the commerce of any nation. (Art. I.) 

(h) Privileges, immunities, or other favors to be enjoyed by sub- 
jects of Austria-Hungary in Ethiopia. (Art. II.) 

II. Other provisions. — Subjects of either country to have full 
liberty to come and go, and to engage in commerce in territories of 
the other. (Art. I.) 

Treaties with France. 
No. 71. 
Commercial convention between Austria-Hungary and France. 

SIGNED 18 Feb. 1884, at Paris. Terminable on six months' notice by either 
party. (Art. 5.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. 1 : 312-14 ; Clercq 14 : 289-93 ; Neumann 12 : 54-8 ; 
B. F. S. P. 75: 105-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regard- 
ing importation, exportation, and transit, and generally in all mat- 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND FRANCE. 195 

ters concerning commercial operations, exercise of commerce and 
industries, and payment of taxes relating thereto. (Art. 1.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting all 
rights concerning protection of trade-marks and industrial designs 
or models. (Art. 2.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Import duties levied in Austria on French sparkling wines 
is reduced from 50 florins per hundred kilograms to 40 florins. 
(Art. 3.) 

{h) Each country undertakes to admit live stock, meats, hides, 
and other untreated animal products from the other. But animals 
threatened with disease may be temporarily excluded by either coun- 
try on sanitary grounds. (Art. 4.) 

{c) Confirmation and continuance of specified conventions of 11 
Dec. 1866,^^ until conclusion of new arrangements on the same mat- 
ters, subject to termination on 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Addl. article.) 

No. 72. 

Treaty of navigation hetween Austria-Hungary and France. 

SIGNED 9 Apr., 1884. Terminable by either party on one year's notice. 
(Art. 12.) 

TEXT : Frencb. France Tr. 1 : 314-17 ; B. F. S. P. 75 : 351-4 ; French and Ger- 
man, Martens 61 : 605-11. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment (subject to exceptions noted 
below) is pledged by this treaty as follows : 

{a) Every privilege, favor, or immunity concerning navigation, 
which either party may accord to citizens of any third power shall 
immediately be extended to citizens of the other. (Art. 11.) 

{h) Vessels of Austria and Hungary in French colonies and pos- 
sessions, from whatever place arriving and whether laden or in bal- 
last, shall be treated like ships of the most-favored-European nation, 
in all respects. (Art. 6.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject to excep- 
tions noted below) in regard to : 

{a) Treatment of vessels of either country and their cargoes in 
ports of the other (including Algeria), in all respects, from whatever 
place arriving and whatever the place of origin or destination of 
their cargoes. (Art. 1.) 

{b) All tonnage and other port dues imposed by either country on 
ships of the other and their cargoes, whether levied by the State or 
by cities or corporations. (Art. 2.) 

{c) All privileges, favors, or advantages concerning local treat- 
ment of vessels and their import or export cargoes, including all 

21 French, B. F. S. P. 56:257-60; 266-72; 58:1340-4. 
54083—21 14 



196 AUSTEIA-HUNGAKY AKD GREAT BRITAIN. 

taxes or charges levied in ports, docks, roadsteads, harbors, and 
rivers, of either country, with special reference to stationing, loading, 
and unloading of vessels, and any formalities or dispositions affect- 
ing merchant vessels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. 2.) 

{d) All customs and other duties payable on merchandise of any 
kind imported into either country (including Algeria) on ships of 
the other, from whatever place arriving. (Art. 4.) 

{e) Any duties or charges payable in ports of either country by 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged at that port, or for taking 
on cargo at different ports. (Art. 5.) 

(/) All export duties or formalities, and all drawbacks or other 
favors connected with exportation of any merchandise from either 
country (including Algeria) in ships of the other, for any destina- 
tion. (Art. 7.) 

{g) Right of vessels of either country to navigate all natural or 
artificial waterways of the other, on the same conditions and on pay- 
ing the same taxes affecting vessels and cargoes as national vessels. 
(Art. 9.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with cer- 
tificates issued by competent authorities under laws and regulations 
of each country. (Art. 3.) 

(&) Mail boats charged with a postal service of either country 
shall not be subject in the other to embargo or seizure, nor to be 
turned from their destination. (Art. 10.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

{a) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. 8.) 

(&) The fishing industry, and any advantages which either coun- 
try may accord to the products thereof . (Art. 8.) 

Treaty with Great Britain. 
No. 73. 

Treaty of commerce hetween Austria-Hungary and Great Britain. 

SIGNED 5 Dec, 18T6, at Budapest, Prolonged indefinitely by declaration 
of 26 Nov., 1877, subject to termination on one year's notice by either party. 
(Hdb. 1912:18.) 

TEXT: English, Hdb. 1912:14-18; German, English, and Magyar, B. F. 
S. P. 67 : 31-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting any favor which either 
country may grant to the subjects and commerce of any third power; 
with special reference to reductions of import and export duties. 
(Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 



AUSTEIA-HUITGARY AND GREECE. 197 

(a) Rights of residence and exercise of conamerce and trade in / 
either country, and any imposts relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

(b) Treatment in either country of products of the other, and of 
merchandise coming from the other, whether imported for consump- 
tion, warehousing, reexportation, or transit; wdth special reference 
to payment of duties. (Art. II.) 

(c) Any duties levied in either country on goods exported to the 
other. (Art. III.) 

(d) Transit of goods to or from either country through territory 
of the other. (Art. III.) 

(e) Prohibitions established by either country against the other 
regarding importation, exportation, or transit. (Art. V.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding protec- 
tion of trade, industrial, and other distinctive marks on goods or 
their packages, and of patterns or designs for manufactures. 
(Art. VI.) 

III. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation stipulations of Articles I to 
III, noted above under I a-d, do not apply to : 

(a) Special and ancient privileges accorded to Turkish subjects 
for Turkish trade in Austria-Hungary. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(h) Advantages which Austria-Hungary may grant to neighbor- 
ing countries solely to facilitate frontier traffic, and reductions or 
Exemptions from customs duties valid in Austria-Hungary only for 
certain frontiers, or for inhabitants of certain districts. (Art. IV, 

2.) 

(c) Obligations imposed upon either country by the customs 
union between Austria-Hungary and the principality of Liechten- 
stein. (Art. IV, 3, and protocol.) 

IV. Application to British colonies. — The most- favored-nation 
stipulations noted under I a-h above apply in terms to British colo- 
nies and foreign ^possessions. (Arts. I-II.) 

Treaty with Greece. 
No. 74. 

Provisional convention of commerce and navigation between Aus- 
tria-Hungary and Greece. 

SIGNED 11 Apr., 1887, at Athens. Terminable on one year's notice by either 
party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT : French, Neumann 18 : 614-16 ; Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912 : 
181-3 ; B. F. S. P. 78 : 794-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment of the subjects, vessels, and 
merchandise of either country is reciprocally and unconditionally 
pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respect- 
ing all favors, privileges, immunities, advantages, and tariff reduc- 



198 AUSTEIA-HUITGARY AXD ITALY. 

tions which either party may accord to any other country. (Arts. 

i-n.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Import duties payable in either country on products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit. (Art. II.) 

(6) Duties levied in either country on exports to the other. (Art. 

II.) 

(c) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 

II.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Merchandise of all kinds passing to or from either country 
is exempt in the other from all transit duties. (Art. II.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service, and from all extraordinary requisitions or contri- 
butions, except those imposed upon landed property. (Art. III.) 

III. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation treatment does not apply 
to: 

(a) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
or districts to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. 11a.) 

(h) Obligations which may be imposed on either country in virtue 
of a customs union. (Art. II 5.) 

(c) The fishing industry and coasting trade of both countries, 
which are reserved for regulation by their respective laws. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Italy. 

No. 75. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetv.'een Austria-Hungary and 
Italy. 

SIGNED 11 Feb., 1906, at Rome. Efeective from 1 Mar., 1906, to 31 Dee., 
1917, and thereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art: XXIX.) 

TEXT : French and German, Neumann 27 : 462-562 ; French, B. F. S. P. 99 : 
556-89 ; Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 30-103. 

I. Most -favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged respecting any favor or immunity which either 
country may concede to any third power; with special reference 
to matters concerning transit, and the amount, guaranty, and col- 
lection of duties on importation and exportation (Art. YII) ; ex- 
cept as noted below under Y 6. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Application of special laws and regulations concerning com- 
merce, industry, or police in either country to citizens of the other. 
(Final protocol and Art I.) 



AUSTKIA-HUNGARY AND ITALY. 199 

(h) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may estab- 
lish against the other regarding importation, exportation, or transit. 
(Art. VI and final protocol.) 

(c) Treatment of products of either country on importation into 
the other. (Art. VIII and final protocol.) 

(d) Any favors which either country may accord to any third 
power regarding treatment of ships and their cargoes ; on condition 
of reciprocity. But the national fishing industry of either country 
is excepted. (Art. XIX.) 

(e) All facilities which either country may accord to expedite 
customs clearance of merchandise imported by railways; on con- 
dition of reciprocity. (Art. XXVI.) 

(/) Appointment of consuls, and (on condition of reciprocity) 
all prerogatives, facilities, and exemptions accorded to consular 
officers by either country. (Art. XXVII.) 

(g) Assistance to be given by local authorities in either country 
to consular officer of the other for extradition of sailors and soldiers 
deserting from warships or merchant vessels. (Art. XXVII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged respecting transportation of merchandisQ over 
railways of either country to, from, or through territories of the other, 
with special reference to rates or charges ; except only reduced rates 
granted for public or charitable objects. (Final protocol ad Art. 
XXV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
by either country to citizens of the other respecting all rights, privi- 
leges, exemptions, immunities, or favors in matters of commerce 
and industry, and all duties, imposts, taxes, or fees relating thereto 
(Art. I and final protocol), subject to special laws or regulations 
applying to all foreigners in matters of commerce, industry, or 
police (Final protocol ad Art. I). 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Right of citizens of either country to enter and reside in all 
ports, cities, or places of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to attend fairs and mar- 
kets in the other for the purpose of exercising their commerce and 
selling their products; and payment of taxes incidental thereto. 
(Art. Ill and final protocol.) 

(c) Any obligations, restrictions, taxes, or imposts in either coun- 
try on subjects of the other respecting persons or properties mov- 
able or immovable. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Right of subjects of either country to manage their affairs 
in the other personally or by agents of their own selection; and to 
bargain freely in buying or selling and fix prices of any object of 



200 AUSTRIA-HUNGAKY AND ITALY. 

commerce; subject to customs laws and State monopolies of the 
country. (Art. V.) 

(e) All rights and privileges respecting administration of justice 
and access to courts in either country, in person or otherwise. 
(Art. V.) 

(/) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption. These must not under any pretext bear more heavily 
on imported products of the other country than on similar articles 
of domestic production. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Measures of control applied in either country to jewelry and 
other manufactures of precious metals imported from the other. 
(Art. XIII.) 

(h) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other, 
•regarding duties or taxes of every description, whether levied by 
the State, communes, corporations, public officials, or establish- 
ments of any kind; with special reference to placing, loading, and 
unloading of ships in ports, roadsteads, bays, and basins of either 
country, and all formalities and arrangements whatever affecting 
vessels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. XVIII and final protocol.) 
But this equality of treatment does not apply to : 

(1) Bounties which either country may concede to ships newly 
constructed, so far as they do not consist of exemptions or reduc- 
tions of customs or port dues. 

(2) Privileges accorded to yacht clubs. (Final protocol, ad Arts. 
XVIII and XIX.) 

(i) Equal treatment of vessels. Any merchandise, whatever its 
origin, of which importation, exportation, transit, or warehousing 
is permitted by either country when carried in its own vessels, may 
likewise be imported, exported, and admitted for transit or ware- 
housing when carried in ships of the other, subject to the same duties, 
taxes or restrictions, and entitled to the same privileges, rebates, 
bounties, and drawbacks, as when carried in national vessels. (Art. 
XX.) 

(j) Treatment of vessels of either nation seeking refuge from 
damage or shipwreck on the coasts or in ports of the other, including 
costs of salvage and other charges or duties incidental thereto. 
(Art. XXI.) 

(k) Right to navigate any natural or artificial water ways in either 
country, and all conditions relating thereto, with special reference 
to duties on vessels and cargoes (Art. XXII) ; but navigation of 
interior water ways is subject in either country to the laws in all 
matters concerning police, quarantine, and customs (Final protocol, 
ad. Art. XXII.) 

(l) Right of subjects of either country to make use of specified 
equipment and services in the other established for public use, such 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND ITALY. 201 

as the highways and other routes, canals, locks, bridges, ports, and 
other landing places, signals and lights indicating navigable waters, 
pilotage, public cranes, weigh-bridges, warehouses, and establish- 
ments for salvage and storage of cargoes, vessels, or other objects; 
with special reference to any conditions or taxes relating thereto. 
No tax to be paid unless the services have been actually used ; except 
for lighthouses, signals, and pilotage, which are subject to special 
regulations. (Art. XXIV.) 

(m) Use of railways of either country by residents of the other 
and their merchandise, with special reference to cost, speed, and 
manner of transport, and to public imposts relating thereto. (Art. 
XXV.) 

IV. other provisions. 

(a) Merchants, manufacturers, and their commercial travelers 
from either country are exempt in the other from payment of trade 
dues or fees, under conditions stated. (Art. II and final protocol.) 

(h) No trade dues of any kind to be imposed by either country on 
subjects of the other engaged in navigation by sea or river from one 
country to the other, or in forwarding goods and persons by wagon 
roads. (Art. III.) 

(c) Teamsters and carriers of freight or passengers by land or 
water from either country are exempt from payment of trade dues 
in the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service b}^ land or sea, from obligatory judicial, administra- 
tive, or municipal functions, from quartering of troops, and all 
military contributions, loans, or requisitions ; except those incumbent 
on possession of landed property. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Neither country to prohibit importation, exportation, or 
transit of merchandise to or from the other, except in the following 
cases applying to all other countries under the same conditions: 

(1) State monopolies in either country. (Art. VI, a,) 

(2) Questions of public safety, and sanitary measures for pro- 
tection of public health. (Art. VI h and final protocol.) 

(3) Provisions of w^ar in exceptional circumstances. (Art. VI c) 
(/) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 

annexed to the treaty to pay on importation into the other the duties 
specified in said tariffs. (Arts. VIII and XII and final protocol.) 

{(/) Each country agrees not to increase its export duties, except 
by previous agreement with the other. State monopolies and arms 
or munitions of war remain subject in either country to the laws and 
regulations in force. (Art. IX.) 

(h) Merchandise of all kinds passing to or from either country 
is exempt from all transit dues, whether passing direct or unloaded, 
stored and reloaded. (Art. IX.) 



202 AUSTRIA-HUNGAEY AND ITALY. 

(^) Temporary exemption of specified articles passing to or from 
either country from import and export duties, on condition of their 
being returned conformably to regulations affecting this special 
traffic. (Art. X and final protocol.) 

(;;') Provisions concerning simplification of customs clearance for 
merchandise requiring permits and passing direct from either coun- 
try to the other. (Art. XI and final protocol.) 

{h) Elaborate and extensive provisions concerning co-operation 
of both countries to prevent and punish smuggling of goods into or 
from territories of either country. (Art. XIV and customs cartel of 
22 articles.) 

{I) Arbitration of disputes regarding interpretation or applica-. 
tion of tariffs A and B, or of other provisions of this treaty or con- 
cerning application of the most- favored-nation clause by the customs 
administration of either country. The court of arbitration to be 
constituted as described. (Art. XY and final protocol.) 

(m) No landing or transshipment dues to be levied by either 
country, and carriers of merchandise shall not be detained or com- 
pelled to unload and reload ; except when required by regulations to 
insure safe navigation, sanitation, and payment of duties. (Art. 
XVI.) 

{n) Nationality and tonnage of vessels to be recognized in accord- 
ance with laws of the country to which vessel belongs. (Art. XIX.) 

{o) Assistance to be given by either country to vessels of the 
other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck and exemption from 
port dues, so long as they do not engage in commerce or remain 
longer than necessary. Salvaged merchandise is exempt from all 
duties (except salvage expenses), unless entered for consumption. 
(Art. XXI.) 

{p) Detailed provisions concerning change of nationality of ves- 
sels (Art. XXIII) ; frontier tolls on wagon roads connecting the 
two countries (Art, XXIV) ; railway itineraries to be agreed on to 
expedite passage of persons and goods by connecting trains, except 
for unavoidable delays occasioned by customs, sanitary police, and 
passports (Art. XXV) ; and provisions to facilitate customs for- 
malities for merchandise passing in closed wagons from either coun- 
try to certain destinations in the other (Art. XXVI and final 
protocol). 

{q) Elaborate and extensive provisions to facilitate traffic between 
frontier districts. (Addl. article.) 

{r) Stock companies (including insurance companies) duly con- 
stituted in either country are authorized to exercise their rights in 
the other; with special reference to actions in courts of justice. 
(Final protocol ad Art. I, 3.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND JAPAN. 203 

(s) Extensive and ^detailed specifications relating to products of 
either country listed in tariffs A and B, and stipulations concerning 
the customs cartel, annexed to the treaty. (Final protocol, Parts 
II, III, and IV.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to the national 
fishing industry. (Art. XIX and final protocol.) 

(6) Most-favored-nation provisions of Article VII (noted above 
under I) do not apply to: i^iun->iU)<: 

(1) Favors which either country may afecord to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic, and reductions or exemptions from 
customs duties accorded only to certain limited frontiers, or to in- 
habitants of certain districts. (Art. VII a.) 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed on either country by en- 
gagements of a, customs union, with special reference to sugar. 
(Final proton ol.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty extends to all countries 
belonging to the customs territory of either party. (Art. XXVIII.) 

Treaty with Japan. 
No. 76. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetiveen Aitstria-Hungary and 
Japan. 

SIGNED 28 Oct. 1912, at Vienna. Ratifications exchanged 16 June, 1913, at 
Tokyo. Effective from 1 .July, 1913, until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXIII.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 106: 848-55; Japan Tr. 1918: 497-505. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting all privileges, favors, or immunities which either country 
may accord in matters concerning commerce, navigation, and indus- 
try. (Art. XXI.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All matters concerning travel and residence, studies and in- 
vestigations, exercise of trades and professions, and prosecution of 
industrial and manufacturing enterprises in either country, in all 
respects. (Art. I, 1.) 

{h) Conditions and limitations concerning acquisition and pos- 
session of an}^ movable or immovable property which laws of the 
country permit foreigners to acquire or possess, on condition of reci- 
procity. (Art. I, 4.) 

{c) Appointment of consuls, and (on condition of reciprocity) all 
rights, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to consular 
officers by either country. (Art. III.) 



204 AUSTElA-HU:tTGAEY AIs^D JAPAN. 

(d) Eight of citizens of either country to «nter with ships and 
cargoes all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in 
the other, subject to observing the laws of the country. (Art. V.) 

(e) Any prohibitions or restrictions which either country may 
impose regarding importation or exportation of any article to or 
from the other, subject to exceptions noted below under V c. 
(Art. VI.) 

(/) Treatment of merchants, manufacturers, or commercial trav- 
elers of either country soliciting orders in the other, with special 
reference to imposts and facilities relating thereto. (Art. X.) 

(g) Eights to be accorded by either country to stock companies 
and other industrial, commercial, and financial associations of the 
other ; with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. XL ) 

(A) All facilities, privileges, and immunities which either party 
may accord to vessels charged with a regular postal service, whether 
State-owned or subsidized by the Government for that service. (Art. 
XVI.) 

(i) Any rights or privileges which either country may accord in 
respect to its coasting trade; on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 
XVII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All charges, imposts, taxes, or contributions of any kind im- 
posed by either country on subjects of the other. (Art. 1,5.) 

(6) All duties for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, lighthouse, 
quarantine, and similar duties or charges of whatever kind, no mat- 
ter by whom or how levied, in territorial waters of either country on 
ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and whatever their 
destination. (Art. XV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 
{a) Eight of citizens of either country to trade in territories of 

the other in all articles of lawful commerce. (Art. I, 2.) 

(h) Liability of citizens of either country to military requisitions 
or contributions in the other. (Art. 1,5.) 

(c) Exemption of dwellings, warehouses, factories, shops, or other 
premises appertaining thereto, from domiciliary visits or search, and 
of books, papers, or accounts from inspection or examination, except 
under conditions and with legal forms applying to citizens of the 
country. (Art. II.) 

(d) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption (whether for the State, or for communes, or corporations). 
These must not under any pretext bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other country than on similar articles of domestic 
production. (Art. VII.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND JAPAN. 205 

(e) Importation and exportation. All articles which may legally 
be imported into or exported from either country in its own vessels 
may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, from 
whatever place arriving and for any destination, without paying 
other or higher duties or charges, and subject to the same bounties or 
drawbacks, as when carried in national vessels. (Art. XII.) 

(/) All privileges or facilities regarding the stationing, loading, 
or unloading of vessels in territorial waters of either country. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(g) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded by either 
country to wrecked or damaged vessels, so far as duties of neutrality 
permit. (Art. XX.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country and their families to enter 
and reside in all parts of the other (Art. I) ; and (subject to the laws 
of the country) right to possess, rent, and occupy houses, warehouses, 
factories, shops, and other premises, and to lease land for residential, 
commercial, industrial, or other lawful uses (Art. I, 3). 

(h) Access to courts of justice, and complete protection of persons 
and property in either country. (Art. I, 5.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all forced loans, and 
all contributions imposed in lieu of personal service. (Art. I, 5.) 

(d) Administration by consuls of either country of property of 
their deceased nationals in the other. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Certificates of origin for merchandise of either country im- 
ported into the other may be required only in exceptional circum- 
stances named. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Nationality of vessels to be recognized according to laws of 
each country. (Art. XIV.) 

(g) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. But coast- 
ing trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XVII.) 

(h) Consular jurisdiction of disputes arising on merchant vessels 
between officers and crews, with special reference to salaries and 
execution of contracts. (Art. XVIII.) 

(i) Local authorities to assist consuls in recovery of seamen de- 
serters. (Art. XIX.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to the coasting trade, 
which is reserved for the ships of each country. (Art. XVII.) 

(h) Most-favored-nation treatment does not apply to special 
favors which either country Jnay accord : 

riijiA 



206 AUSTEIA-HUNGARY AND LIBERIA. 

(1) To products of its national fisheries, or to products of fisheries 
assimilated thereto as regards importation of their products. (Art. 
IX a.) 

(2) To bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. IX h.) 

(3) To any country by disposition of a customs union. (Art. 
IX G.) 

(c) Most- favored-nation stipulations noted under I e above do not 
apply to import or export prohibitions or restrictions relating to 
articles of State monopoly, public security and provisions of war in 
exceptional circumstances, or concerning sanitary measures for pro- 
tection of animals and useful plants. (Art. VI.) 

VI. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this treaty 
are applicable to the territories and possessions belonging to or ad- 
ministered by either country. (Art. XXII.) 

Treaty with Liberia. 

No. 7 7. 

Treaty of fHendship, commerce^ and navigation between Austria- 
Hungary and Liberia^ 

SIGNED 1 Sept., 1866, at Vienna. Effective from 25 Sept., 1866, for 10 years 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. X.) 
TEXT: German, Neumann 10: 471-6; English (transl), B. F. S. P. 63: 1152-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condi- 
tionally pledged in general terms regarding all rights, privileges, 
favors, or exemptions which either country may grant in matters of 
trade and navigation (Arts. II and VIII) ; except special favors ac- 
corded in Austria to certain bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic (Separate article). 

Most-favored-nation treatm^ent is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Eight of citizens and ships of either country to enter all ports 
of the other open to foreign traffic, with full protection for persons 
and property, and freedom to buy and sell without restriction from 
monopolies or other privileges of sale or purchase. (Art. II.) 

(Z>) Treatment by either country of merchandise imported from 
the other in any ship, or imported in ships of the other from any 
country, with special reference to charges relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Conditions of exportation of products of either country by 
subjects or in ships of the other. (Art. IV.) 

i^d) Protection and privileges accorded to consuls by either coun- 
try as regards their persons and official duties. (Art. IX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding import 
and other duties; also dues for tonnage, port, pilotage, etc., and any 
other duties or charges levied in either country on ships of the other 
and their import or export cargoes. (Art. III.) 



AUSTKIA-HUIs^GARY AND MOROCCO. 207 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Assistance to be given by either country to vessels of the other 
seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. (Arts. V, VI.) 

(h) Assistance by local authorities to consuls for recovery of sea- 
men deserters. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Montenegro. 

No. 78. 

Treaty of comonerce and navigation hetv^een Austria-Hungary a/nd 
Montenegro. 

SIGNED 6 Feb., 1911, at Cetinje. Ratifications exchanged there 4 Mar., 1912. 
Effective from 12 Mar., 1912, until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter terminable on 
12 months' notice by either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT: French and German, Neumann 32: 813-19; French, B. F. S. P. 104: 
733-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in either 
country, including all territory comprised in the Austro-Hungarian 
customs union (Art. Ill) with regard to : 

{a) Whatever relates to establishment of nationals of either coun- 
try in the other. 

(5) All matters of commerce and navigation, with special refer- 
ence to importation, exportation, and transit. 

{c) All that concerns customs duties and commercial operations 
in either country. 

{d) Exercise of commerce and industry and payment of taxes re- 
lating thereto. 

{e) Access to courts of justice in either country, and all dues, con- 
tributions, imposts, or taxes relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. — To facilitate traffic between frontier dis- 
tricts, Austria agrees to permit (subject to Ler control) free impor- 
tation of specified numbers of Montenegrin cattle, sheep, and goods 
each year, also specified quantity of meat, for exclusive consumption 
within the district of Cattaro ; Montenegro agreeing to permit expor- 
tation thereof free of all export duties. (Art. II.) 

Treaty with Morocco. 
No. 79. 

Treaty of "peace and commerce hetween Austria and Morocco. 

SIGNED 19 Mar., 1830, at Gibraltar. Duration perpetual. (Art. XII.) 
TEXT: Italian, Neumann 4: 312-16; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 98: 980-3. 

I. Most-favored (Christian) nation treatment is pledged by 
Morocco with regard to: 



208 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND NETHERLANDS. 

{a) Customs dues payable in Moroccan ports on merchandise 
imported from Austria in vessels of any nationality, or imported 
in Austrian vessels from any port. (Art. VIII.) 

(b) Privileges of Austrian consuls in Moroccan ports. (Art. IX.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Austrian vessels wrecked in a port or on the coast of Morocco 
may land and reload their cargoes without paying any customs duty. 
(Art. V.) 

(b) Traders and vessels of either country may visit any ports of 
the other, to sell merchandise there and make purchases of any kind, 
on paying the ordinary customs duties. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Provisions relating to search of merchant vessels by warships 
(Arts. II-IV) ; assistance to be given in case of shipwreck (Art. V) ; 
slavery (Art. VI) ; and reciprocal neutrality in case of war between 
other Christian and Mohammedan countries. (Art. X.) 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 

No. 80. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce between Austria- Hungary and 
the Netherlands. 

SIGNED 26 Mar., 1867. Duration indefinite. Terminable on one year's notice 
from either party. (Art. IX.) 

TEXT: French and German, Neumann 11: 31-5; French, Lagemans 6: 50-1; 
B. F. S. P. 58 : 646-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) in regard to : 

{a) Personal status of citizens of either country in territories of 
the other, in all respects, except matters in respect to which national 
treatment is reciprocally accorded, as noted below under II. (Art. I.) 

{b) Treatment in either country of products of the other, from 
whatever place arriving, with special reference to import duties 
under whatever name. This provision applies to the Dutch colonies 
also. (Art. II.) 

{c) All matters relating to transit and exportation. (Art. II.) 

{d) Any concessions or privileges which either country may grant 
in respect of its coasting trade. (Art. IV.) 

{e) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers by either country. (Art. YII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject to excep- 
tions noted below) in regard to: 

{a) Everything that concerns exercise of commerce, industry, and 
professions; payment of imposts; practice of religion; and acquisi- 
tion or disposal in any manner of all kinds of real or personal prop- 
erty, by will or otherwise. (Art. I.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND NORWAY. 209 

(h) Treatment in either country of ships of the other and their 
cargoes, in all respects. This provision applies to the Dutch colonies 
also. (Art. III.) 

(c) Protection of each other's citizens in all matters concerning 
trade-marks in either country. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions of this treaty relate to duty-free admission 
by either country of commercial travelers' samples from the other, 
subject to customs formalities relating thereto. ( Addl. conv. 12 Dec, 
1888,22 Art. I.) 

IV. Exceptions.- — ^The most-favored-nation provisions noted above 
under I a-c do not apply to: 

(a) The coasting trade of the Dutch colonies, but most-favored- 
nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding any concessions 
made in respect thereof to any foreign nation other than Asiatic 
countries of the Eastern Archipelago. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Special advantages accorded exclusively to the subjects, prod- 
ucts, merchandise, and flag of Asiatic nations of the Eastern Archi- 
pelago. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Favors accorded by Austria to facilitate frontier traffic with 
States of the German customs union or other bordering States ; and 
reductions or exemptions from duties concerning certain frontiers 
or inhabitants of certain districts. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Facilities mentioned in Article VI of the treaty of 11 Apr., 
1865 22a between Austria and the States of the German customs union. 

(e) The coasting trade and national fisheries of Austria. (Art. 
IV.) 

Treaty with Norway. 

No. 81. 

Treaty of commerce and yiavigation hetween Austria-Hungary and 
Norway. 

SIGNED 3 Nov., 1873, at Vienna. Effective from 15 Apr., 1874, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XI.) 

TEXT : French, Neumann 13 : 612-17 ; B. F. S. P. 63 : 964-8 ; Norwegian, 
Norway Tr. 1914 : 266-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to: 

{a) Import duties under whatever name which either country- 
may impose on importation of products of the other, from whatever 
place arriving. (Art. II.) 

{h) All matters concerning transit or exportation. (Art. II.) 

{c) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities which either coun- 
try may accord to consular officers. (Art. VIII.) 

==* French, Martens 65 : 723-5 ; Neumann 19 : 299-303. 
"^^ English, B. F. S. P. 58 : 354-5. 



210 AUSTKIA-HUNGAKY AND PEESIA. 

{d) Imposts levied by either country on commercial travelers 
from the other. (Decl. of 25 Apr., 1892.23) 

II. National treatment is pledged in regard to : 

{a) Exercise of commerce and industry in either country by citi- 
zens of the other, and all privileges, immunities, or favors of any 
kind relating thereto, with special reference to payment of duties, 
taxes, imposts, or fees. (Art. I.) 

{h). Treatment by either country of ships, of the other and their 
cargoes (Art. Ill), with special reference to salvage and quarantine 
charges (Art. IX). 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Drawbacks to be allowed by either country on reexportation 
of commercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to formali- 
ties to be agreed on. (Art. V.) 

{h) Vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports of the other 
from damage or shipwreck are exempt from port and navigation 
dues under conditions stated; provided they do not engage in com- 
merce. (Art. IX.) 

((?) Assistance to be given by local authorities to the consuls in 
salvaging shipwrecked vessels. (Art. IX.) 

{d) Cooperation of consuls with local authorities for recovery of 
seamen deserters. (Art. X.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation provisions noted above un- 
der I a-b do not apply to : 

{a) The coasting trade and fishing industries of either country. 
(Art. IV.) 

{h) Special favors enjoyed from time immemorial by Ottoman 
subjects regarding Turkish commerce with Austria-Hungary. (Art. 
IV a.) 

{c) Favors which Austria-Hungary may accord to bordering dis- 
tricts to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. IV h.) 

(d) Facilities named in Article VI of the treaty of 9 Mar., 1868, 
between Austria-Hungary and the States of the North German 
Union, etc.^^^ (Art. IV c.) 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 82. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation 'between Austria-Hungary and 

Persia. 

SIGNED 17 May, 1857, at Paris. Effective from 13 Nov., 1857, for 25 years, and 
thereafter until terminated by 12 montlis' notice from eitlier party. (Art. XIV.) 

TEXT : Frencli, Neumann 7 : 278-85 ; B. F. S. P. 47 : 1159-64. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with regard to : 
{a) Eeception and treatment by either country of envoys and 

diplomatic agents from the other, and all honors, immunities, and 

privileges relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

23 French, B. F. S. P. 84 : 119 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 271. 
23a English, B. F. S. P. 59 : 105-6. 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND PERSIA. 211 

(h) Eeception and treatment of subjects of either country travel- 
ing or doing business in the other, and their right to import, export, 
or transport merchandise to or from either country by land or sea ; 
and to exercise commerce throughout either country, subject to the 
laws and regulations in force. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Right of subjects of either country to hire houses, stores, and 
shops in the other; and all imposts relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Treatment of Austrian subjects in Persian localities where 
there is no Austrian agent or consul. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Customs duties and taxes payable in either country by sub- 
jects of the other on importation or exportation of merchandise. 
(Art. V.) 

(/) All honors, rights, and privileges which either country may 
accord to consuls and commercial agents. (Art. VII.) 

(g) Conditional right of Austrian subjects to acquire and possess 
lands, houses, shops, and other immovable property in Persia, in case 
this right is accorded bv Persia to subjects of any foreign nation. 
(Art. IV.) 

(h) Treatment of Persian subjects in Austria with reference to 
matters involving negotiable instruments or commercial contracts. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(i) Eight of Persian representatives, consuls, and agents to in- 
tervene before Austrian authorities on behalf of their nationals for 
protection of their rights and interests in Austria (Art IX), and on 
behalf of their bankrupt nationals in Austria under conditions 
stated (Art. X). 

(y) Judicial process to be applied in either country to subjects 
of the other involved in matters of criminal jurisdiction. (Art. 
XII.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Persian subjects in Austria with regard to protection of 
their rights and interests by Austrian laws and tribunals. (Art IX.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to travel in and through 
the other; with special reference to safe conducts and other protec- 
tion to be given by local authorities in either country. (Art. III.) 

(h) Persian officials may not enter by force into houses, stores, 
and shops of Austrian subjects, nor make any domiciliary search 
except in the presence of representatives of the Austrian diplomatic 
agent or consul. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Subjects of Germany to enjoy in Persia all rights and ad- 
vantages assured by this treaty to the commerce and subjects of 
Austria, on condition that the German States accord to Persian com- 
54083—22 -15 



212 AUSTRIA-HUNGAKY AND PORTUGAL. 

merce and subjects the same rights and advantages accorded to them 
in Austria. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Eight of either country to appoint three consuls in the other 
at places named; it being understood that Austrian consular agents 
engaging in commercial affairs are subject in Persia, as regards their 
commerce, to the same laws and customs as Austrian subjects. (Art. 
VII.) 

{e) Disputes arising in Persia betAveen Austrian subjects shall 
be settled by Austrian officials in accordance with Austrian laws, 
without interference from local authorities; disputes between Aus- 
trians and subjects of other foreign nations shall be judged exclu- 
siveh^ b}^ their respectiA^e agents or consuls; disputes between Aus- 
trian and Persian subjects shall be judged by Persian tribunals in 
the presence of Austrian officials in the manner described. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Consular administration in either country of estates of their 
deceased nationals. (Art. XI.) 

Treaty with Portugal. 

No. 83. 

Exchange of notes between Austria- Hungary and Portugal estah- 
lishing a coniorbercml modus vivendi. 

SIGNED 8 July, 1911, at Lisbon. Terminable on six months' notice hy either 
party. 

TEXT: French and German. Martens 91: 564-9; French, B. F. S. P. 106: 

858-62. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms, respecting all matters concerning com- 
merce, industry, and navigation. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocall}^ pledged 
with regard to duties which either country may impose on impor- 
tation and consumption of products of the other (including prod- 
ucts of Portuguese colonies reexported from Portugal or its ad- 
jacent islands) ; except special favors which Portugal may concede 
to Spain or Brazil. 

XL Other provisions. — Both countries recognize that the designa- 
tions " Port " and " Madeira " on the one hand, and specified vari- 
eties of Tokaj on the other hand, belong exclusively to Portuguese 
and to Hungarian wines produced in the regions named; and ac- 
cordingly each country undertakes to protect these regional desig- 
nations by prohibiting their abuse or misuse. 

III. Application to colonies, etc. — This agreement applies to all 
countries included in the conventional customs territory of Austria- 
Hungary; and extends, on the part of Portugal, to its adjacent 
islands : Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Azores. 



AURTRIA-HUNGARY AND RUMANIA. 213 

Treaty with Rumania. 

No. 84. 

Convention of covwicrce hetween A ustHa- Hungary and Rumaiiia^ 
as revised hy additional convention of 23 April ^ 1909. 

SIGNED 21 Dec, 1893, at Bucliarest. Effective until 31 Dec, 1917, and 
thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notire from either p^rty. (Addl. 
CouA'., '* Art. y.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 85 : 368-75. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all favors, 
privileges, immunities, tariff reductions, and other advantages which 
either countr}^ may accord to the subjects, vessels, or products of 
an,y other nation; subject to the laAvs, ordinances, and special regu- 
lations applicable to all foreigners in matters of commerce, industry, 
police, and general security. (Arts. I, II.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally^ pledged in 
regard too : 

{a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit; with special reference to payment of duties. 
(Art. II.) 

{h) Export duties imposed by either country on objects exported 
to the other. (Art. II.) 

(c) Application of specified exceptional prohibitions which either 
country may impose against importation, exportation, or transit. 
(Art. Ill; addl. conv.,^* Art. I, 4.) 

{d) Formalities of any kind to be applied by either countrj^ to 
commercial travelers from the other. (Art. IV.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally and unconditionally pledged by either country to mer- 
chandise, vessels and their cargoes of the other, in all respects, with 
special reference to remuneratory taxes and dues levied in ports, 
basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country. (Addl. 
conv.,2* ^rt. III.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) Internal duties imposed in either country on production or 

consumption, whether levied by the State or by communes or corpora- 
tions. Such duties must not for any reason bear more heavily on 
imported products of the other country than on similar national 
products. (Art. II A; addl. conv.,^* Art. I, 3.) 

{!)) Treatment by either country of citizens of the other in matters 
concerning direct taxation. (Addl. conv.,^* Art. III.) 

^French, B. F. S. P. 102: 174-8. 



214 AURTKIA-HUNGAKY AND KUMAN^IA. 

(<?) Military contributions or requisitions imposed by either 
country in peace or war, and right to indemnities established by the 
laws of the country in favor of nationals. (Addl. conv.,^* Art. 1,5.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) The products (as defined) of either country enumerated in 
tariffs A and B annexed to this treaty when imported into the other 
shall pay no other or higher duties than those specified in these 
tariffs. (Addl. conv.,^* Art. I, 1.) 

(h) Merchandise of every kind passing to or from either country 
is exempt in the other from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Addl. conv.,^* Art. I, 2.) 

(c) Each country engages not to obstruct commerce with the other 
in any way by prohibitions against importation, exportation or 
transit, except in the following cases applying to all countries under 
the same conditions: 

(1) Articles of State monopoly. 

(2) Reasons of public safety. 

(3) Measures of sanitary and veterinary police to prevent propa- 
gation of epizootic diseases and destruction of plants, especially by 
insects and noxious parasites. 

(4) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Addl. 
conv.,2* Art. I, 4.) 

(d) Extensive provisions concerning treatment to be given by 
either country to merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers 
from the other. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Temporary duty-free admission by either country of com- 
mercial samples from the other, subject to customs formalities re- 
lating thereto. (Art. V.) 

(/) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea, and from all obligatory judicial, 
administrative, or municipal official functions, except guardianship. 
(Addl. conv.,2* Art. I, 5.) 

(g) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs A and B annexed to this convention, or concerning 
application of the most-favored-nation clause by the customs ad- 
ministration of either country; the court of arbitration to be con- 
stituted as described. (Art. VI A; addl. conv.,^* Art. I, 6, and 
Art. III.) 

(h) Extensive and detailed provisions to facilitate traffic between 
frontier districts. (Addl. article, amended by addl. conv.,^^ Art'. II.) 

(i) Detailed provisions concerning traffic in animals and animal 
products. (Notes, addl. conv.,^* Art. III.) 

-4 French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 174-8. 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND RUSSIA. 215 

V. Exceptions and explanations. 

(a) This convention shall not be deemed to prevent either party 
from fulfilling its obligations under the provisions of the interna- 
tional convention of 5 Mar., 1902,^5 relating to bounties on sugar, as 
regards legislation in accordance therewith. ( Addl. conv.,^* Art. III.) 

(b) Decisions concerning application of the customs tariff or in- 
terpretation of its provisions previously rendered by competent au- 
thorities of last resort in either country shall not be deemed to bar 
an appeal for a new decision under conditions stated. (Ibid.) 

(c) The most-favored-nation provisions of Article I (noted above 
under I) do not affect special treaties which either party may con- 
clude with any third power for reciprocal regulation of direct taxa- 
tion. (Ibid.) 

(d) The provisions of Article II (noted above under I ar-h) do 
not apply to : 

(1) Favors accorded to other bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic. 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed on either country in virtue 
of a customs union. (Ibid.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This convention extends to all coun- 
tries or territories which may be united with either country in a 
customs union. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Russia. 
No. 85. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Austria- Hungary and 
Russia. 

SIGNED 15 Feb., 1906. at St. Petersburg. Effectiye from 1 Mar., 1906, until 
31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' no^Jce from either 
party. Replaces the treaty of commerce and navigation of 14 Sept., 1860, and 
the commercial convention of 18 May, 1894. (Art. XXYI.) 

TEXT: French and German, Neumann 27: 401-61: French. B. F. S. P. 
99 : 599-619. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any rights, privileges, immunities, favors, and exemptions 
which either country may grant to subjects of any other nation, in 
all respects; subject to special laws and regulations in matters of 
commerce, industry, or police applying to all foreigners in either 
country. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment of products of either country on importation into 
the other, whether imported for consumption, warehousing, reex- 
portation, or transit ; with special reference to duties, taxes, surtaxes, 

2* French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 174-8. 

25 French, B. F. S. P. 95 : &-16. No longer in force. 



216 AUSTKIA-HUXGARY AND RUSSIA. 

imposts, contributions, or prohibitions imposed in either country, and 
any favors, facilities, immunities, or reductions of import duties 
accorded by either country to any third power. (Arts. II and V.) 

(h) Any duties levied in either country on objects exported to the 
other, and any other favors relating to exportation. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, all 
kinds of movable or immovable property which the laws of the 
country permit foreigners to acquire or possess, by will or other- 
wise. (Art. XI.) 

(d) Eights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations (including insurance companies) of 
either country are permitted to exercise in the other; with special 
reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) All privileges and prerogatives accorded to consular officers 
by either country. (Art. XXII and final protocol.) 

(/) Treatment by either country of citizens of the other in mat- 
ters concerning passports, except visa thereof. (Final protocol, 
Arts. I and XII.) 

(g) Exemption of subjects of Austria-Hungary in Eussia from 
guardianship of minors other than those of their own nationality. 
(Art. XXIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally and unconditionally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All privileges or exemptions concerning treatment by either 
country of ships of the other and their cargoes, from whatever place 
arriving and whatever the place of origin or destination of the 
cargoes ; except matters concerning : 

(1) National fisheries, which are subject exclusively to the laws 
of each country. 

(2) Any favors which either country may accord to its national 
merchant marine. (Art. XV.) 

(b) Transportation of merchandise passing from either country 
over railways of the other, with special reference to rates, speed, 
and manner of carriage; except only reduced rates for public or 
charitable objects. (Art. XXI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights and impositions relative to exercise of com- 
merce and industry in either country. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Internal duties levied on production or consumption by the 
State or by communes or corporations in either country. These 
must not under any pretext bear more heavily on imported prod- 
ucts of the other country than on similar articles of native produc- 
tion. (Art. VI.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND RUSSIA. " 217 

(h) Any taxes, imposts, or charges under whatever name imposed 
by either country on acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or suc- 
cession to, property of an^^ kind which laws of the country permit 
foreigners to acquire or possess, or on export of proceeds if sold. 
(Art. XI.) 

(e) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice, and employment of advocates or others therein. (Art. XI.) 

(d) Right of citizens of either country to attend fairs and mar- 
kets in the other for the purpose of exercising their commerce and 
selling their products; with special reference to payment of taxes. 
(Art. XII.) 

(e) Eight of subjects of either country to make use of specified 
equipments and services in the other established for public use, such 
as highways, waterways, canals, locks, ferries, bridges, ports, land- 
ings, pilotage, cranes, weigh-bridges, warehouses, salvage facilities, 
and other establishments intended for public service and commer- 
cial use, whether administered by the State or privately under 
State authority. No dues to be collected unless the equipment or 
service was actually used, except for pilotage and maritime light- 
house service. (Art. XVII.) 

(/) Any dues payable in ports of either country for inspection 
of cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XIX.) 

{g) Treatment of vessels of either country wrecked on coasts 
of the other, with special reference to any favors or immunities ac- 
corded by law in either country to shipwrecked vessels. Salvaged 
merchandise to be exempt from all customs duties, unless landed for 
consumption in the country. (Art. XX.) 

(h) Exceptional military contributions incumbent on possession 
of landed property in either country. (Art. XXIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to obstruct reciprocal commerce by any pro- 
hibitions or restrictions regarding importation or transit (via routes 
open to transit), except in the following cases: 

(1) Tobacco, salt, gunpowder and other explosives, and articles 
of State monopoly in either country. (Art. IV a.) 

(2) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. 
JYh.) 

(3) Considerations of public safety, and measures of sanitary or 
veterinary police. (Art. IV c.) 

(l) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty to pay on importation into the other no higher 
duties than those specified in these tariffs; except to offset any in- 
creased excise duties which either country may levy on consumption 
or production of similar articles of national production. (Art. V.) 



218 ' AUSTE.IA-HUNGARY AND RUSSIA. 

(c) Exemption of merchandise of any kind from all transit duties 
in either country when passing by a commercial route open to transit, 
whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. 
(Art. YIII and final protocol, Arts. II, III, and V.) 

(d) Vehicles of all kinds and used household articles passing 
from either country into the other under conditions stated are 
admitted without payment of duty, but river boats are subject to 
special regulations. (Art. X.) 

(e) Detailed provisions concerning rights of merchants, manufac- 
turers, and commercial travelers of either countr}^, whatever their 
religion, to buy, sell, and book orders in the other, with or without 
samples, and statement of fees and conditions relating thereto. (Art. 
XII and final protocol.) 

(/) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting 
trade is expressly excepted. (Arts. XV and XIX.) 

(g) Nationality of vessels to be recognized according to ship's 
papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each country. 
(Art. XVI.) 

(A) Vessels of either country are exempt in ports of the other from 
tonnage and clearance duties, under conditions stated. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

(^) Detailed provisions concerning railway and border traffic be- 
tween the two countries. (Art. XXI and final protocol.) 

(j) Provisions concerning rights and duties of consuls, with spe- 
cial reference to consular administration of estates of their deceased 
nationals. (Art. XXII and final protocol.) 

(k) Subjects of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from any contributions 
in lieu of personal service, and from obligation to accept judicial or 
municipal office, except when incumbent on possession of landed 
property, and except obligations of guardianship, as noted under I g 
above. "^(Art. XXIII.) 

(Z) Local authorities of either country to assist consuls of the 
other in recovery of seamen deserters. (Art. XXIV.) 

(m) Final protocol modifying specified articles of the treaty as 
noted above, and containing further provisions regarding certificates 
of origin (Arts. II and V) ; loAver import duties payable on mer- 
chandise imported by sea than by land (Arts. II-VIII) ; and river 
traffic between the countries (Art. XVII). 

(n) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning admission into 
either country of poultry and specified animal products from the 
other (such as wool, meat, hides, bones, horns, hoofs, etc.) ; and 
duties on specified Austro-Hungarian mineral waters when imported 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND SERBIA. 219 

into Eussia. (Notes, with stipulations and lists annexed to the 
treaty. ) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) Obligations imposed on either party bj^ engagements of a 
customs union, notably the favors accorded by Austria-Hungary to 
Liechtenstein, Bosnia, and Herzegovina. (Art. Ill, 1.) 

(2) Favors accorded to bordering States to facilitate traffic in a 
frontier zone of 15 kilometers wide. (Art. Ill, 2.) 

(3) Favors accorded to inhabitants of the province of Archangel 
regarding importation and exportation, or concerning the north and 
east coasts of Siberia. But imports from Austria-Hungary into 
these territories are entitled to the benelit of all customs facilities 
granted to importations from any European or North American 
country. (Art. Ill, 3.) 

(4) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. XV.) 

(h) The provisions of Articles II, VII, and VIII (noted under 
I Or-h and IV c above) do not apply to special stipulations of the 
treaty of 8 Maj^, 1838,^^ between Russia, Sweden, and Norway, or 
to stipulations respecting Russian commerce with Asiatic States 
and countries bordering on Russia. (Art. Ill, 3.) 

(c) The exceptions named in Article III (noted above under 
V a-h) are not deemed to include favors accorded by Austria- 
Hungary to specified articles from Germany, Italy, and Switzer- 
land. (Notes annexed.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty extends also to countries 
belonging to the customs territory of either party. (Art. XXIV.) 

Treaty with Serbia. » 

No. 86. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Austria- Hun>gary 
and Serhia. 

SIGNED 27 July, 1910, at Belgrade. Ratifications exchanged there 23 Jan., 
1911. Effective until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by one 
year's notice from either party. (Art. XIX.) 

TEXT : French, Neumann 32 : 469-542 ; B. F. S. P. 103 : 365-72. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting any favors or exemp- 
tions which either party maj^ concede in matters concerning pay- 
ment of duties on importation or exportation, or with reference to 
transit. (Art. IX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

2« See No. 440. 



220 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY A:N^D SERBIA. 

(a) All rights accorded by either country to stock companies and 
other commercial, financial, or industrial associations (including in- 
surance companies of any kind) ; with special reference to exercise of 
commerce and industry, and acquisition or possession of immovable 
property. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any privileges which either country may accord to foreign 
commercial travelers with regard to soliciting orders from persons 
not engaged in commerce or industry. (Art. IV.) 

(c) All conditions or formalities regarding duty-free admission 
of commercial travelers' samples. (Art. V.) 

(d) Customs treatment of products of either country on importa- 
tion into the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Temporary exemption from import and export duties in either 
country of specified articles subject to reexportation under condi- 
tions stated. (Art. X.) 

(/) Additional (remuneratory) customs duties or accessory taxes 
of an}^ kind levied in either country on imported products of the 
other imder conditions stated; the rates in Serbia not to exceed those 
specified. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, favors, and 
exemptions which either country may accord in matters of commerce, 
industry, and navigation. (Art. I.) 

National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is further 
reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country to settle and reside in any 
part of the other, and to travel on its railwavs, rivers, and highways. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Right to acquire lands and houses in either country, and to 
rent or own them *in whole or in part ; and generally, the right to 
acquire real and personal property, and to alienate or transmit the 
same by sale, will, or otherwise, without authorization from the 
authorities of the country. (Art II.) 

(c) Exercise of commerce and industry and management of busi- 
ness in either country, in person or otherwise ; with special reference 
to transportation of persons and merchandise, establishing stores, 
fixing prices of merchandise and remuneration for services, making 
customs declarations, and to urge rights and claims before the au- 
thorities and tribunals of the country. (Art. II.) 

(d) All duties, contributions, imposts, or taxes relating to any of 
the matters noted under II a-c above. (Art. II.) 

(e) Application to citizens of either country in the other of the 
laws and regulations relating to commerce, industry, and public 
security. (Art. II.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND SERBIA. 221 

III. National treatment is reciprocal!}^ pledged in regard to : 
(a) Military contributions or requisitions imposed by either coun- 
try in peace or war, and right to indemnities relating thereto as pro- 
vided by law. (Art. III.) 

(h) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs 
or markets in the other to exercise their commerce and sell their 
products. (Art. IV.) d'lolhi 

(c) Internal duties on production or consumption levied on na- 
tional products in either country, whether by the State or by munici- 
palities or corporations. Such duties must not, under any pretext, 
bear more heavil}^ on imported products of the other country than on 
similar articles of native production. (Art. XII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Foundations, corporations, and other moral associations or 
persons (except stock companies and other commercial, industrial, 
or financial associations) are excluded from the right to acquire im- 
movable property in either countr}'. (Art. II.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea, and from obligation to accept judicial, 
administrative, or municipal office, except that of guardian for wards 
of their own nationality. (Art. III.) 

(e) Detailed provisions concerning privileges of manufacturers 
and merchants of either country and their agents or commercial 
travelers in the other ; also carriers, teamsters, and boatmen of either 
countrv, who are exempt from payment of trade dues in the other. 
(Art. iV.) 

(d) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by any 
prohibitions regarding importation, exportation, or transit; except 
in the following cases : 

(1) State monopolies. 

(2) Considerations of public safety, and measures of sanitary or 
veterinary police, including measures to prevent propagation of in- 
sects or other organisms injurious to agriculture. 

(3) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country 
is exempt in the other from all transit dues and consumption taxes, 
whether passing straight through, or loaded, stored, and reloaded. 
(Art. VII.) 

(/) Products (as defined) of either country enumerated in tariffs 
A and B annexed to this treaty to pay on importation into the other 
the duties fixed by these tariffs. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) Extensive and detailed provisions to facilitate frontier traffic 
between the two countries. (Art. XI and Annex C.) 

(A) No internal duties to be levied on imported products of either 
country not produced in the other, except the Serbian tax known as 
trocharina, as then existing. (Art. XII.) 



222 AUSTEIA-HUNGARY AND SIAM. 

(i) Provisions relating to customs treatment of traffic by rail- 
ways of either country (Art. XIV) ; prevention of smuggling (Art. 
XV) ; reciprocal protection of patents, trade-marks, models, etc. 
(Art. XVI) ; and arbitration of differences regarding interpretation 
or application of the tariffs or other provisions of this treaty (Art. 
XVII). 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty extends to all countries 
which may at any time belong to the conventional customs territory 
of Austria-Hungary. (Art. XVIII.) 

Treaty with Siam. 
No. 8 7. 

Treaty of commerce hetiveen Austria- Hungary and Siam. 

SIGNED 17 May, 1869, at Bangkok. Effective from 30 Apr., 1872, for in- 
definite term, subject after twelve years to revision on twelve months' notice 
from either party. (Art. XXV.) 

TEXT: French, B.F.S.P. 61: 1308-21. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to the Government 
and citizens of Austria-Hungary regarding free and equal partici- 
pation in any privileges which Siam may grant to the Government 
or subjects of any other 'nation. (Art. XXIV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to: 
{a) Freedom of commerce and navigation in any part of either 

country where trade and navigation are allowed. (Art. I.) 

{b) All privileges, immunities, powers, and exemptions accorded 

to consular agents by either country. (Art. II.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Austrian vessels and their cargoes in Siamese ports re- 
specting any privileges or immunities granted to junks and to Sia- 
mese or to foreign vessels. (Art. XVIII.) 

III. National treatment is pledged respecting taxes payable by 
Austrian subjects on landed property acquired in Siam under con- 
ditions stated. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Protection of persons and property of subjects of either 
country in territories of the other. (Art. I.) 

{h) Right of Austrian subjects to free exercise of their religion, 
and right to build churches. (Art. III.) 

{c) Austrian subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be regis- 
tered at the Austrian consulate in the manner described. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Right of subjects of Austria to reside in Siam within bound- 
aries stated, and beyond these limits by special permission, and to 
\ travel and trade throughout the whole of Siam, buying and selling 
any lawful merchandise without hindrance from any exclusive right 
of purchase or sale. (Art. V.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND SWEDEN. 223 

(e) Right of subjects of Austria-Hungary to hire, buy, or build 
houses, and to buy or lease lands or plantations within boundaries 
stated, subject to resumption by the Siamese Government if the 
lands are not cultivated or improved within three years from date 
of possession ; also right to engage in mining and all kinds of lawful 
industry in Siam. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) ^y P^yii^g ^^6 specified duties of importation and exporta- 
tion, Austrian vessels and their cargoes shall be free in Siamese 
ports of all taxes of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, and of any other 
tax whatever. (Art. XVIII.) 

(g) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported by vessels 
of Austria shall not exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. XIX), which 
shall never be increased (Art. XXI). Upon payment of specified 
import and export duties, Austrian subjects may freely import into 
or export from Siam to or from any foreign port every kind of 
merchandise, except specified articles subject to restrictions named. 
(Art. XXI.) 

(A) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to functions of 
Austrian consuls (Art. II) ; employment of Siamese subjects (Art. 
VI) ; passports (Art. VII) ; settlement of disputes between Austrian 
and Siamese subjects (Arts. IX, X) ; piracy or robbery on shore 
(Art. XI) ; arrest of sailors, criminals, and fugitives (Art. XII) ; 
bankruptcy (Art. XIII) ; recovery of debts (Art. XIV) ; disposal 
of property left by subjects of either country dying in the other 
(Art. XV) ; assistance to ships in distress (Art. XVII) ; and arbi- 
tration of disputes between the two countries (Art. XXVI). 

(i) Commercial regulations for the conduct of Austria's trade in 
Siam. (Annex.) 

(j) Tariff schedules of export and inland duties. (Annex.) 

Treaty with Sweden.^ 

No. 88. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hettneen Austria-Hungary and 
Siveden. 

SIGNED 3 Nov., 1873, at Vienna. Effective from 15 Apr., 1874, for 10 years, 
and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' • notice from either party. 
(Art XL) 

TEXT: French. Neumann 13:612-17; Sverges Tr. 12 : 450--5 : B. F. v^. P. 
68 : 964-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

{a) Import duties under whatever name which either country may 
impose on importation of products of the other, from whatever place 
arriving. (Art. II.) 

(6) All matters concerning transit or exportation. (Art. II.) 

{c) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities which either coun- 
try may accord to consular officers. (Art. YIII.) • 



224 ATJSTRIA-HUNGAEY AND SWEDEN. 

{d) AH rights, facilities, prerogatives, exemptions, or tax reduc- 
tions granted to commercial travelers in either country. (Art. VI, 
as completed by decl. of 22 June, 1911.^^) 

II. National treatment is pledged in regard to : 

{a) Exercise of commerce and industry in either country by citi- 
zens of the other, and all privileges, immunities, or favors of any 
kind relating thereto, with special reference to payment of duties, 
taxes, imposts, or fees. (Art. I.) 

{b) Treatment by either country of ships of the other and their 
cargoes (Art. Ill), with special reference to salvage and quarantine 
charges (Art. IX). 

{c) Travelers' license fees, and any restrictions applicable in 
Sweden to commercial travelers of Austria-Hungary. (Decl. of 22 
June, 1911.2') 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Drawbacks to be allowed by either country on reexportation 
of commercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to formali- 
ties to be agreed on. (Art. V.) 

{h) Vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports of the other 
from damage or shipAvreck are exempli from port and navigation 
dues under conditions stated ; provided they do not engage in com- 
merce. (Art IX.) 

{c) Assistance to be given by local authorities to the consuls in 
salvaging shipwrecked vessels. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Cooperation of consuls with local authorities for recovery of 
seamen deserters. (Art. X.) 

{e) Right of commercial travelers of either country to make pur- 
chases in the other, and to book orders with or without samples, but 
without peddling their merchandise. (Decl. of 22 June, 1911.^^) 

IV. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation provisions noted above un- 
der I a-h do not apply to : 

{a) The coasting trade and fishing industries of either country. 
(Art. IV.) 

{h) Special favors enjoyed from time immemorial by Ottoman 
subjects regarding Turkish commerce with Austria-Hungar}^ (Art. 
IV ^.) 

{c) Favors which Austria-Hungary may accord to bordering dis- 
tricts to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. IV h.) 

(d) Facilities named in Art. VI of the treaty of 9 March, 1868, 
between Austria -Hungary and the States of the North German 
Union, etc."'^ (Art. IV c.) 

27 French, B. F. S. P. 105 : 929-30. 
^■^a English, B. F. S. P. 59 : 105-6. 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND SWITZERLAND. 225 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 89. 

Treaty of comvierce hetween Austria- Hungary and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 9 Mar., 1906. at Vienna. Effective from 1 Aug., 1906, until 31 Dec, 
1917. and thereafter until terminated by one year's notice from either party. 
(Art. XVI.) Denounced by Switzerland 6 Mar., 1920, but prolonged for 
periods of three months by exchange of notes between Switzerland, Austria, 
Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, and now terminable as between Switzerland and 
either of thei^e countries by notice given one month before expiration of any 
three-monthly period. (Rap. Con. Fed.. 1919: 3.) 

TEXT : German, Neumann 28 : 419-88 ; French, B. F. S. P. 99 : 619-44. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting any favors or exemptions which either party may 
concede in matters concerning payment of duties on importation or 
exportation, or with reference to transit. (Art. I.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocalh^ pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations of either country are permitted to ex- 
ercise in the other : on condition of conforming to the laws and regu- 
lations in force. (Art. VIII.) 

{h) All facilities which either country maj^ accord to expedite 
customs clearance of merchandise imported by rail from the other; 
on condition of reciprocity. (Art. XII.) 

{c) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers by either country. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Internal duties paj^able in either country on consumption or 
production of any of its products, whether levied by the State or by 
cantons, provinces, municipalities, or corporations. These must not 
under ^nj pretext bear more heavily on imported products of the 
other country than on similar articles of domestic production; sub- 
ject to specified exceptions under conditions stated. (Art. VI and 
final protocol. ) 

{Ij) Treatment of subjects of either country proceeding to markets 
or fairs in the other to follow their business or sell their produce, 
with special reference to payment of taxes incidental thereto. (Art. 
VII and final protocol.) 

(c) Right to navigate all natural or artificial waterways in either 
country, and all conditions or taxes relating thereto. (Art. X.) 

[d) Treatment in either country- of citizens of the other making 
use of specified equipments and services established for public use, 
such as roads, canals, locks, bridges, weigh-bridges, ports, landings, 
signals, cranes, pilotage, warehouses, and facilities for salvage of 
vessels or cargoes, whether such services are administered by the 



226 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND SWITZERLAND. 

State or by private parties; with special reference to conditions or 
taxes relating thereto. No tax to be collected unless the equipment 
or service was actually used, except pilotage and lighting service on 
the lakes which are subject to special regulations. (Art. XI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to impose prohibitions against the other re- 
garding importation, exportation, or transit, except in the following 
cases (Art. I) : 

(1) State monopolies of either country. (Art. la.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety, and sanitary or veterinary 
measures to prevent propagation of insects or other organisms in- 
jurious to agriculture. (Art. I h.) 

(3) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. 1 c.) 
(h) Specified import duties to be levied by either country on prod- 
ucts of the other listed in tariffs A and B annexed to the treaty. 
(Art. 11.) 

(c) Certificates of origin may be required by either country for 
merchandise imported from the other, under conditions stated. 
(Art. 11.) 

(d) Merchandise of all kinds passing through either country to 
or from the other is exempt from all transit duties, whether going 
straight through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. III.) 

(e) Elaborate and detailed provisions respecting frontier traffic, 
specified articles being exempt from customs duties in either country, 
subject to observance of customs regulations relating thereto. (Art. 
IV, addl. article, and final protocol.) 

(/) Detailed provisions designed to expedite customs formalities 
for transportation of merchandise passing direct from either coun- 
try into the other and subject to permits. (Art. V.) 

(p') To protect State monopolies, additional import duties may be 
imposed on objects of State monopoly of either country, and on 
articles employed in their manufacture, even though similar native 
products are not subject to an additional tax. (Art. VI.) 

(A) Each country reserves the right to impose on products con- 
taining alcohol an additional import duty equal to its internal fiscal 
charge on the alcohol contained in the imported product. (Art. VI.) 

(^) Extensive provisions concerning treatment and rights in either 
country of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers from 
the other. (Art. VII and final protocol.) 

(j) No duties to be levied by either country on merchandise from 
the other for landing or transshipment. Carriers of such mer- 
chandise shall not be detained or compelled to unload and reload ; 
except when required by regulations to insure safe navigation, 
sanitation, and payment of duties. (Art. X.) 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND ZANZIBAR. 227 

{k) Detailed provisions concerning charges payable on frontier 
traffic over connecting highways, and transportation charges on 
merchandise carried by rivers or canals from or through either 
country to the other. (Art. XI.) 

{I) Detailed provisions designed to facilitate customs formali- 
ties at frontier stations for merchandise passing in closed wagons 
from either country to certain destinations in the other. (Art. XII.) 

(m) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or appli- 
cation of the tariffs annexed to this treaty, or of tariff treaties con- 
cluded by either party with any other country, and statement of 
procedure relating thereto. (Art. XIV.) 

{n) Elaborate and detailed provisions designed to facilitate fron- 
tier traffic between border districts of either country, by exempting 
numerous specified objects from customs duties on importation or 
exportation, under conditions described in detail. (Acldl. article 
and final protocol.) 

{o) Extensive schedules of import duties payable in either coun- 
try on products of the other listed in tariffs A and B annexed to 
the treaty. 

IV. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation treatment noted above un- 
der I (general clause) does not apply to : 

{a) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic, and reduction or exemptions from cus- 
toms duties applying only to specified frontiers, or to inhabitants of 
certain districts. (Art. I, 1.) 

(6) Obligations which may be imposed on either country by a 
customs union. (Art. I.) 

{c) Legislation of either country concerning itinerant trades, 
peddling, and soliciting orders from persons not engaged in com- 
merce or industry. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Zanzibar. 
No. 90. 

Convention hetween Austria-Hungary and Zanzibar for regulation 
of commercial arid maritime relations. 

SIGNED 11 Aug., 1887, at Zanzibar. Effective from 29 Dec., 1888, for 10 
years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. 
(Art. III.) 

TEXT: French (authentic), Neumann 19:90-2; B. F. S. P. 78:942-4. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
spect to commerce and navigation, and in all other respects; with 
special reference to : 

{a) Duties payable on merchandise and ships of either country on 
importation and exportation. (Art. I.) 

(5) All privileges, immunities, and exemptions accorded to con- 
suls in either country. (Art. II.) 
54083—22 16 



BELGIUM. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Austria-Hungary. 

Treaties of Belgium with the following countries have been pre- 
yiouslj^ dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, No. 4. 
Austria, No. 63. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 66. 

Treaty with Bolivia. 
No. 91. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce hetween Belgium and Bolivia. 

SIGNED 18 Apr., 1912, at La Paz. Ratifications exchanged there 3 May, 
1913. Effective from 3 June, 1913, for 10 years, and thereafter terminable on 
12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT: French and Spanish, Martens 94: 415-9; French, B. F. S. P. 106: 
871-3 ; Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. 101-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to residence, commerce, customs duties, and navigation. 
(Art. II.) 

II. National treatment of each other's citizens is reciprocally 
pledged in regard to militarv contributions and indemnities. 
(Art. IV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. IV.) 

[h) Children born of Bolivians in Belgium and those bom of 
Belgians in Bolivia may choose either nationality, within twelve 
months after attaining the age of 21 years (Art. V). Sons of either 
parentage are not liable to military service in either country below 
the age of 22 years. (Art. VI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

{a) Special commercial favors, exemptions, or privileges conceded 
by Bolivia to bordering States. (Art. Ill, 1.) 

{h) Advantages conceded by either country to a third nation in 
virtue of a customs union. (Art. Ill, 2.) 

{c) Special measures adopted by either country on sanitary 
grounds. (Art. Ill, 3.) 

{d) Surtaxes imposed by either country to offset bounties on ex- 
portation from or production in the other country. (Art. Ill, 4.) 

228 



BELGIUM AND BULGARIA. 229 

Treaties with Brazil. 
No. 92. 

Agreement regulating commercial relations heticeen Belgium and 
Brazil. 

RECORDED by exchange of notes of 12 Dec, 1863, and 14 Jan., 1864, and pro- 
claimed by Belgian decree of 31 Dec, 1863. 

TEXT : French, Belgian Tr. 1900 : 70-1 ; Portuguese, Cod. Rel. Ext. 1900, 
No. 123. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as follows : 
So long as Brazil accords most- favored-nation treatment to prod- 
ucts of Belgium, Brazilian products shall receive in Belgium the cus- 
toms treatment accorded to the United Kingdom of Great Britain 
and Ireland. 

Xo. 93. 

Preferential tari-jf agreement between Belgium and Brazil. 

EFFECTIVE from 1 Sept., 1920, in accordance with Brazilian presidential 
decree of 3 Sept., 1920." 
TEXT: Portuguese, Brazil D. O. 7 Sept., 1920. 

A preferential reduction of 20 per cent of the duty is granted on 
the following Belgian goods imported into Brazil : Scales, refrigera- 
tors, cement, corsets, rubber articles covered by No. 1033 of the Bra- 
zilian tariff, pianos, paints, inks other than writing ink, and var- 
nishes. 

Treaty with Bulgaria.^ 

No. 94. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Belgium and Bulgaria. 

SIGNED 29 Aug., 1908, at Sofia. Effective from 4 June, 1909, until 28 Feb., 
1911, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXIII.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 20 : 223-38 ; B. F. S. P. 101 : 711-720 ; Martens 
89 : 302-11. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
with regard to all matters concerning consumption, warehousing, re- 
exportation, transit, transshipment of merchandise, transportation 
on railways, discharge of customs formalities, and generally all mat- 
ters relating to exercise of commerce and industry in either country; 
with special reference to any favors, privileges, or reductions of 
duties on importation or exportation which either country may accord 
to any third power. (Art. V.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

28 See p. 391, note 82. 

a This reduction was continued for 1922 without change, hy presidential decree of 
4 Jan., 1922. 



230 BELGIUM AND BULGAEIA. 

(a) Eights which commercial, industrial, and financial companies 
and associations of either country may exercise in the other. 
(Art. lY.) 

(h) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(c) Treatment of Belgian vessels and their cargoes in Bulgarian 
ports of the Black Sea and the River Danube, in all respects ; with 
special reference to payment of duties. (Art. XV.) 

(d) Treatment of Belgian subjects in Bulgaria with reference to 
judicial procedure in civil cases. (Decl. A.) 

(e) Bulgarian customs treatment of Belgian merchandise with 
reference to packing and deduction of tare. (Decl. B.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All taxes, imposts, or fees of any kind payable by subjects 
of either country on their commerce or industry in any part of the 
other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Eight of subjects of either country to exercise any lawful com- 
merce or industry in the other, personally or by agents, singly or 
->--^ jointly, with nationals or other foreigners; except that of village 
innkeepers, pharmacists, brokers, peddlers, and other itinerant trades- 
man. (Art. TIL) 

(c) Eight of subjects of either country to acquire, rent, and possess 
land, houses, and shops in the other conformably to the laws of the 
country. (Art. TIL) 

(d) Internal duties or taxes of any kind (excise, octroi, etc.) levied 
in either country on production or consumption, whether imposed 
by the State or by communes. Such taxes must not bear more 
heavily on imported products of the other country than on similar 
articles of native or other foreign production. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Any special tax payable by merchants, manufacturers, or their 
commercial travelers of either country making purchases or soliciting 
orders in the other. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Any privilege or favor which either country may accord in 
matters concerning the placing, loading, or unloading of vessels in 
ports, rivers, canals, or other waters of either country; including 
all formalities and arrangements affecting merchant vessels and 
their crews or cargoes. (Art. XII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All privileges, immunities, or favors of any kind in matters of 
commerce and industry. (Art. I.) 

(h) Any military contributions or requisitions imposed by either 
country on citizens of the other in peace or war, and right to in- 
demnities established by law in either country. (Art. II.) 



BELGIUM AND BULGARIA. 231 

(c) Treatment of vessels of either country and their cargoes in 
ports of the other, in every respect, from whatever place arriving 
and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes ; with 
special reference to duties, taxes, or charges of anj kind, whether 
affecting the hull of the ship or its flag or cargo, and no matter by 
whom or how levied in either country. (Art. X.) 

(d) Treatment of vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports 
of the other from damage or shipwreck, with special reference to 
payment of duties or charges of an}/ kind. (Art. XVII.) 

(e) Protection of trade-marks in either country belonging to sub- 
jects of the other, subject to observing formalities prescribed by law. 
(Art. XVIIL) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea. (Art. II.) 

(h) Products of either country, enumerated in tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty shall pa^^ on importation into the other no 
higher duties than those fixed b^^ these tariffs. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
exempt in the other from all transit duties; except special regula- 
tions concerning gunpowder, and arms or munitions of war. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(d) Duty-free admission by either country of commercial travelers' 
samples from the other, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. IX and Annex C.) 

(e) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Vessels of either country entering ports of the other to com- 
plete their loading or to land part of their cargo need not pay duty 
on portion of cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XIII.) 

(g) Vessels of either country may load or discharge foreign car- 
goes at different ports of the other on the same voyage ; but coasting 
trade is excepted. (Art. XIV.) 

(h) Exemption of vessels from tonnage and clearance duties in 
ports of either country, under conditions stated ; but sanitation dues 
are excepted. (Art. XVI.) 

(i) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this treaty, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XXII and final protocol.) 

(j) Detailed provisions concerning rights of Belgian subjects in 
Bulgaria with regard to judicial procedure in civil and commercial 
matters. (Dej^l. A.) 

(k) Bulgarian import duties on specified Belgian merchandise to 
be charged on net weights. (Decl. B.) 



232 BELGIUM AND CHINA. 

V. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 
(a) The coasting trade, which is reserved by each country, ex- 
clusively, for its national flag. (Art. XIV.) 

(h) Advantages which either country may accord to its national 
fisheries. (Art. XIX.) 

(c) Concessions granted to bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. (Art. XX.) 

(d) Concessions which either country may accord to another State 
in virtue of a customs union. (Ibid.) 

(e) Collection of supplementary duties to offset bounties on pro- 
duction or exportation. (Ibid.) 

(/) Bulgarian State monopolies of powder, tobacco, alcohol, salt, 
petrol, matches, cigarette papers, and playing cards. (Art. XXI.) 
See also Treaty of Xeuilly, No. 210. 

Treaty with China. 
No. 95. 

Treaty of friendship, commerce^ andy navigation between Belgium 
and China. 

SIGNED 2 Nov., 1865, at Peking. Ratifications exchanged 27 Oct., 1S66, at 
Shangliai. Effective fi-om 27 Oct., 1866, for 10-year periods, subject to revision 
every 10 years on six months' previous notice from Belgium. (Art. XLVI.) 

TEXT: French, Busschere 2: 174-86; B. F. S. P. 56: 667-91; Hertslet's China 
Tr. 1 : 223-34. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China to Belgium 
in respect to : 

{a) Full and equal participation in all privileges, immunities, 
and advantages which China may accord to the Government or sub- 
jects of any other nation; with special reference to any changes 
made in favor of any other country in customs tariffs, or in regu- 
lations concerning customs duties, tonnage and port dues, or duties 
on imports, exports, or transit. (Art. XLV.) 

{h) Privileges and immunities of Belgian consular officers in 
China. (Art. VII.) 

(<?) Duties payable on merchandise imported or exported by Bel- 
gian subjects to or from Chinese ports open to foreign commerce. 
(Art. XXX.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Protection in either country of persons and property of sub- 
jects of the other. (Arts. I and XVII.) 

{h) The diplomatic agent of Belgium to enjoy in China all priv- 
ileges and immunities accorded by international law to diplomatic 
agents among western nations (Arts. Ill, IV) ; the diplomatic agent 
of China to enjoy the same privileges in Belgium. (Art. VI.) 



BELGIUM A:N^D DENMARK. 233 

(c) Right of Belgian subjects at designated Chinese ports and 
places open to foreign commerce to rent lands and to rent or build 
houses, stores, churches, hospitals, schools, and cemeteries. (Art. 
XII.) 

(d) Disputes between Belgians, or between Belgians and other 
foreigners in China are subject to Belgian jurisdiction exclusively. 
(Art. XX.) 

(e) Chinese subjects guilty of criminal offenses against Belgians 
to be arrested and punished by Chinese authorities according to 
Chinese law ; Belgians guilty of criminal offenses against Chinese to 
be punished according to Belgian law. (Art. XIX.) 

(/) Extensive provisions relating to passports (Art. X) ; employ- 
ment of Chinese subjects (Art. XIII) ; protection of property and 
persons of Christian missionaries (Art. XV) ; piracy (Art. XLIV) ; 
and detailed stipulations concerning Belgian commerce and shipping 
in China or Chinese waters. (Arts. XXI-XLIII.) 

(g) Extensive tariff schedules and regulations governing Belgian 
commerce in China are annexed to the treaty. 

Treaty with Denmark. 
No. 96. 

Treaty of conimevce and na.vigation hetween BelgiuTii and Denmark. 

SIGNED 18 June. 1S95. at Copenhagen. Effective from 26 June, 1895, for 10 
years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. 
(Art. XXI.) 

TEXT : French, Biisschere 2 : 191-.3 ; B. F. S. P. 87 : 774-9 ; Martens 71 : 
607-12. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) in regard to all 
privileges, favors, or immunities which either country may accord in 
matters concerning navigation, commerce, and fisheries. (Arts. 
VIII and XYII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) License fees payable in either country by commercial travelers 
from the other. (Art. I.) 

{b) Warehousing dues and any formalities imposed by either 
country on merchandise from the other awaiting transit, reexporta- 
tion, or release for consumption. (Art. X.) 

{c) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XL) 

{d) Any prohibitions established by either country against the 
other regarding importation, exportation, or transit, except tempo- 
rary prohibitions or restrictions deemed necessary on sanitary 
grounds, or to prevent propagation of epizootic diseases and destruc- 
tion of crops, and except measures connected with war. (Art. XII.) 



234 BELGIUM AND DENMAEK. 

(e) Any favors or privileges which either nation may grant in 
respect of its coasting trade. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) All duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other; and any favors, privileges, or tariff reduc- 
tions concerning importation or exportation. (Art. XIY.) 

(g) Rights accorded in either country to commercial, industrial, 
or financial companies and associations duly constituted in the 
other, with special reference to actions in courts of justice in any 
of the possessions of either country. (Art. XV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) All rights, priidleges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
"x^ exemptions which either country may accord in matters of com- 
merce, industry, and navigation, and all taxes or imposts relating 
thereto; except as noted below. (Art I.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or by agents of their own selection, without 
being obliged to pay persons they have not seen fit to employ; and 
to bargain freely and fix prices in bujdng or selling any merchandise 
imported or destined for exportation, on condition of conforming to 
the customs laws of the country. (Art. II.) 

(c) All charges, restrictions, or taxes imposed in either country on 
movable or immovable property. (Art. III.) 

(d) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination; with 
special reference to dues for tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, port, 
quarantine, and any other charges affecting the hull of the ship, 
whether levied for the State or for public officials, communes, cor- 
porations, or establishments of any kind. (Art. V.) 

(e) An}^ privileges or favors with regard to placing, loading, or 
discharging of vessels in ports or waters of either country, and any 
formalities or dispositions applying to merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Dues of supervision payable in a port of either country by 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged in that port. (Art. VII.) 

(g) Duties on importation. Any merchandise legally importable 
into either countr,y in its own vessels may likewise be imported in 
ships of the other, without paying higher duties of any kind than 
when imported in national ships; except advantages accorded by 
either country to products of its national fisheries. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) All duties or formalities imposed, and all bounties, draw- 
backs, or other favors allowed on merchandise exported from either 
country in vessels of the other for any destination. (Art. IX.) 

(i) Merchandise from either country warehoused in the other, to 
receive the same treatment while awaiting transit, reexportation, or 



BELGIUM AND ECUADOR. 235 

release for consumption, as though imported under the national flag. 
(Art. X.) 

(j) Transit duties payable on Belgian merchandise in the Danish 
Antilles. (Art. XIX.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. III.) 

(h) All merchandise passing through either country is recipro- 
cally exempt from all transit duties; except special regulations con- 
cerning gunpowder, arms, or munitions of war. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Arbitration of differences respecting interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XX.) 

(d) Nationality of vessels under flag of either country to be recog- 
nized by the other if carrying ship's papers required by law. 
(Art. IV.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) Advantages which either country may accord to products of 
its national fisheries, though reciprocal most- favored-nation treat- 
ment is pledged in respect thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Concessions which either country may grant to bordering 
States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XVIII.) 

(c) The commerce and navigation of Greenland, which Denmark 
reserves for itself. (Art. XIX.) 

V. Application to colonies. — This treaty applies to the colonies 
and possessions of either country, except Greenland; subject to cer- 
tain conditions with reference to Iceland and the Danish Antilles. 
(Art. XIX.) 

Treaty with Ecuador. 
No. 97. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation tetween Belgium 
and Ecuador. 

SIGNED 5 Mar., 1887, at Brussels. Effective from 10 Apr., 1888, for five 
years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. 
(Art. V.) 

TEXT : French and Spanish, Martens 65 : 740-2 ; French, B.. F. S. P. 78 : 947-8 ; 
Spanish, Ecuador Tr. 2 : 45-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally assured in either 
country to the diplomatic and consular agents of the other, and to 
its citizens, ships, and merchandise. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally stipulated respecting judi- 
cial procedure to be applied to citizens of either country partici- 
pating in civil strife in the other; recourse to diplomatic interven- 
tion being permitted only in case of denial of justice or violaton of 
established law. (Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions. — ^Differences between the two countries to 
be submitted to arbitration of a friendly power. (Art. II.) 



236 BELGIUM AI^D EGYPT. 

Treaty with Egypt. 

No. 98. 

Convention of commerce omd navigation hetween Belgium and 
Egypt. 

SIGNED 24 June, 1891, at Alexandria. Effective from 1 Jan., 1892, for 10 
years, and thereafter terminable on one year's notice by either party. 
(Art. XV.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 2 : 196-201 ; B. F. S. P. 84 : 147-58 ; Martens 
68 : 7-18. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting all privileges, favors, or immunities which either party 
may accord in matters concerning commerce, navigation, transit, and 
payment of import or export duties. Art. IV.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, from whatever place arriving. (Art. II.) 

(6) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion of products of the other, from whatever place arriving; except 
sanitary measures to protect persons or cattle, or plants useful to 
agriculture; and except as noted below under V. (Art. II.) 

{c) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country 
on exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

{d) Any facilities concerning customs regulations which Egypt 
may accord to the subjects, ships, navigation, and commerce of any 
other foreign power. (Art. XII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Any duties or restrictions imposed on articles of whatever 
origin imported from any sources into either country, or exported 
therefrom in ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) Application to Belgian subjects of regulations and tariff 
duties on articles not included in the extensive list of Belgian 
products subject to a maximum duty of 10 per cent ad valorem on 
their importation into Egypt. (Art. YI.) 

(<?) Internal duties (octroi, excise, etc.) levied in either country 
on any of its products must not bear more heavily on imported prod- 
ucts of the other country than on similar articles of national or 
other foreign production; it being understood that specified con- 
sumption duties may be levied by municipalities or communes on 
imported articles not produced locally. (Art. IX.) 

{d) Application to Belgian subjects and vessels of Egyptian regu- 
lations concerning specified matters relating to public utilities, sup- 
pression of fraud, and public health or security. (Art. XII.) 



BELGIUM AND EGYPT. 237 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
exemptions in matters of commerce and navigation, and payment 
of taxes or duties relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to enter with their ships 
and cargoes all ports and places open to nationals in the other. 
(Art. I,) 

(b) Treatment by either country of ships of the other, from 
whatever place arriving and whatever the origin or destination of 
the cargoes, in all respects; with special reference to local regula- 
tions, pilotage, and taxes or other charges levied in ports, basins, 
docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country, and in general 
all that concerns navigation ; except the coasting trade and interior 
navigation, as noted below under V. (Art. Y.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels to be recognized according to laws 
of each country. (Art. Y.) 

(h) Import duties payable in Egypt on numerous specified prod- 
ucts of Belgium not to exceed 10 per cent ad valorem. (Art. YI.) 

(g) Export duties levied in Egypt not to exceed 1 per cent ad 
valorem. (Art. YIIL) 

(d) Merchandise destined for transshipment or bonding to be 
exempt from all import or export duties in Egypt, except when des- 
tined for use by the vessel in which transshiped, in which case the 
export dut}^ of 1 per cent ad valorem applies. (Art. YIII.) 

(e) Duty-free admission by Egypt of Belgian commercial trav- 
elers' samples or models, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. X.) 

(/) Personal effects of Belgian consuls (as defined) are exempt 
in Egypt from customs examination and payment of duties. 
(Art. XI.) 

(g) Detailed provision concerning rights and limitations of 
Egyptian authorities with regard to search of houses of Belgian 
subjects, and search or seizure of Belgian vessels in Egyptian waters. 
(Art. XII.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) llie following articles are excluded from stipulations of this 
convention: Tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, hashish, arms, 
munitions, and explosive materials. (Art. II and annex.) 
(h) The stipulations of Articles I to XII do not apply to : 
(1) Special arrangements between Egypt and other parts of the 
Ottoman Empire under direct administration of the Porte, or be- 
tween Egypt and Persia. 



238 BELGIUM AND FRANCE. 

(2) Arrangements between Egypt and the Sudan respecting ex- 
change of merchandise, native or foreign. (Art. XIII.) 

(c) The provisions of Article IV (noted above under I) do not 
apply to: 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier relations, and reductions or exemptions from 
customs duties applying only to specified frontiers or inhabitants of 
certain districts. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Obligations imposed on either country by engagements of a 
customs union. (Art. IV, 2.) 

(d) The provisions of Article V (noted above under II a and III 
h) do not apply to the coasting trade and interior navigation of 
either country, which are reserved for regulation by their respective 
laws. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Ethiopia (Abyssinia). 

No. 99. 

Treaty of commerce between Belgiwm and Ethiopia (Abyssinia) . 

SIGNED 6 Sept, 1906, at Addis Abbaba. Effective from 25 June, 1908, for 10 
vears, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XL) 
TEXT : French, France Tr. 1 : 415-16 ; Clercq 19 : 400-2. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms to the subjects and products of either country in the othei* 
as regards any advantages which either party may accord to any 
other nation in matters of establishment, commerce, and customs. 
(Art. I.) 

Treaty with France. 

No. 100. 

Exchange of notes between Belgium and France establishing a com- 
mercial modus vivendi. 

SIGNED 15/30 Jan., 1892, at Brussels. Effective from 1 Feb., 1892, for in- 
definite term, subject to termination on 12 months' notice by either party. 
TEXT: French, France Tr. 1:415-16; Clercq 19:400-2. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally granted in mat- 
ters of commerce, navigation, and customs ; with special reference to 
duties payable in either country on products and merchandise origi- 
nating in the other. 

II. Other provisions. — Protection of literary property, treatment 
of commercial travelers, and frontier traffic in cereals are regulated 
b}?^ specified laws referred to. 



BELGIUM AND GERMANY. 239 

Treaty with Germany.^® 

No. 101. 

Treaty of conimerce and customs between Belgium and Germany^ as 
annended hy additional treaty of 22 June^ 190 Jf. 

SIGNED 6 Dec, 1891, at Berlin. Effective from 1 Feb., 1892, until 31 Dec, 
1917, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Addl. 
treaty of 22 Jime, 1904,'*' Art. IV.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 1053 ; French and German, Martens 67 : 809-50 ; 
B. F. S. P. 83 : 47-66. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting all rights concerning exercise of commerce and in- 
dustry in either country, and all taxes relating thereto (Art. I) ; with 
special reference to any favor, immunity, or reduction of import 
duties which either party may accord to any third power (Art. II). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of products of the other, whether 
imported for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, or transit; 
with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. II.) 

(5) Any duties imposed by either country on exports to the other, 
and any favors relating to exportation. (Art. Y.) 

{c) Application of specified exceptional prohibitions which either 
country may impose against importation, exportation, or transit. 
(Art. VII; addl. tr.,^^ Art. I, 3.) 

{d) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
and commercial travelers from the other; with special reference to 
payment of license fees. (Art. IX.) 

XL National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) Military contributions or requisitions in either country; and 
application of the laws concerning indemnities. (Art. I; addl. tr.,^° 
Art. I, 1.) 

(h) Internal duties on production or consumption, whether levied 
in either country by the State or by communes or corporations. 
Such duties must not under any pretext bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
domestic production. Belgian excise duties on wine and raw sugar 
are excepted, so long as these products are admitted into Belgium 
free of import duties. (Art. IV and final protocol.) 

{c) Use of railways of either country by citizens of the other, 
with special reference to cost, speed, and manner of service. (Art. 
X; addl. tr.,^^ Art. 1,6.) 

28 See p. 546, note 128. 

30 French, B. F. S. P. 98 : 465-512, 



240 BELGIUM AND GERMANY. 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea. (Addl. tr.,^^ Art. I.) 

(5) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty shall pay no other higher duties on importa- 
tion into the other than those specified in these tariffs. (Art. Ill; 
addl. tr.,2° Art. I, 2.) 

(c.) Merchandise passing to or from either country is exempt in 
the other from all transit duties ; except special regulations concern- 
ing gunpowder and arms of war. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Both countries agree not to obstruct traffic between the two 
countries by any prohibition against importation, exportation, or 
transit, except for the following reasons applying to all countries 
under the same conditions : 

(1) Provisions and munitions of Avar in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Urgent reasons of public safety or of sanitary police, and 
measures for protection of animals or useful plants from disease or 
from noxious insects or parasites. 

(3) Application to imported merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal laws on production or distribution of 
similar articles of domestic production. (Art. VII and addl. tr.,^*^ 
Art. I, 3.) 

(e) Detailed provisions concerning right of merchants, manu- 
facturers, and commercial travelers of either country to make pur- 
chases and solicit orders in the other, with or without samples. 
Commercial travelers' samples are exempt from import and export 
duties in either country, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. IX and Annex C.) 

(/) Extensive and detailed provisions designed to facilitate inter- 
national railway service with reference to customs clearance. (Art. 
XI, Annex D.)^ 

(g) Arbitration of disputes regarding interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs A and B annexed to this treaty, or concerning ap- 
plication of the most- favored-nation clause by the customs adminis- 
tration of either country; the court of arbitration to be constituted 
as described. (Art. XII A; addl. tr.,^^ Art. II.) 

IV. Exceptions.^ — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to 
favors which either country may accord to bordering States to 
facilitate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. 
(Art. VIII and addl. trj' i^rt. I, 4.) 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty extends to all countries or 
territories which may be united with either country in a customs 
union. (Art. XII.) 

See also Treaty of Versailles, No. 314. 

so French, B. F. S. P. 98: 465-53 2. 



BELGIUM AND GREECE. 241 

Treaty with Great Britain. 
No. 102. 

Provisional " modus vivendi " pending conclusion of a treaty of 
commerce and navigation het'ween Belgium and Great Britain. 

SIGNED 27 July, 1898. Terminable on three months' notice. 
TEXT: English and French, B. F. S. P. 90:10-11; Hdb. 1912:25-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows : 

Neither countrj^ \vill make any modification after 29 July, 1898, in 
the system actually applied to the subjects and products of the other, 
unless three months previous notice is given of any such change ; it 
being understood that this engagement does not prevent either coun- 
try from making such modifications in the existing system as may 
be made applicable to all other countries. 

II. Application to British colonies. — This provisional modus vi- 
vendi applies in terms to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and 
Ireland, and has been extended to British India, Malta, Cyprus, 
Newfoundland, Ceylon and Lagos. (Exchanges of notes 30 Aug., 
5 Nov., 25 Nov., 6 Dec, 1898, 5 Jan., 1899.^^) 

Treaty with Greece. 
No. 103. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation between Belgium and Greece. 

SIGNED 25 May, 1895, at Athens. Effective from 25 July, 1895, for six years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XXII.) 

TEXT : French, Bussch^re 2 : 241-3 ; B. F. S. P. 87 : 847-55 ; Martens 
71 : 617-23 ; Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912 : 220-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all privi- 
leges, favors, or immunities which either country may accord in 
matters concerning navigation and commerce. (Art. XIX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Warehousing dues, and any formalities imposed by either 
country on merchandise from the other awaiting transit, reexporta- 
tion, or release for consumption. (Art. XII.) 

(b) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XIII.) 

{c) Any prohibitions established by either country against the 
other regarding importation, exportation, or transit, especially those 
resulting from state monopolies; except temporary prohibitions or 
restrictions deemed necessary on sanitary grounds' or to prevent 

« English, Hdb. 1912 : 26-32. 



242 BELGIUM AND GREECE. 

propagation of epizootic diseases and destruction of crops, and ex- 
cept measures connected with war. (Art. XIV.) 

{d) Any favors or privileges which either nation may grant in 
respect to its coasting trade. (Art. XV.) 

{e) Import and export duties, and any favor, privilege, or tariff 
reduction which either country may accord in regard to importation 
or exportation, with special reference to duties imposed by either 
country on importation of products of the other. (Art. XVI and 
Agrt. of 1 Nov., 1904.32) 

(/) Rights accorded in either country to commercial, industrial, 
and financial companies and associations duly constituted in the 
other, with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. 
XVII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
(subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights, privileges, 
liberties, favors, immunities, and exemptions in matters of commerce, 
industry, and navigation, and all taxes' or imposts relating thereto. 
(Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or by agents of their own selection, without 
being obliged to pay persons they may not wish to employ ; also right 
to bargain freely and fix prices in buying or selling any merchandise 
imported or destined for exportation; on condition of conforming 
to the customs laws of the country. (Art. II.) 

{!)) All rights and privileges regarding access to courts of justice, 
and employment of advocates or others therein. (Art. IV.) 

{c) All imposts, taxes, charges or restrictions imposed by either 
country on movable or immovable property belonging to citizens of 
the other. (Art. V.) 

{d) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination, with 
special reference to dues for tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, quaran- 
tine, and any other charges affecting the hull of the ship, whether 
imposed by the State or by public officials, communes, corporations, 
or establishments of any land. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Any privileges or favors in regard to the placing, loading, or 
discharging of vessels in ports or waters of either country, and any 
formalities or dispositions applying to merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Duties of supervision payable in a port of either country by 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged in that port. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Any merchandise legally importable into either country in 
its own vessels may likewise be imported in ships of the other, with- 

32 French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912:230-1. 



BELGIUM AND HONDURAS. 243 

out paying other or higher duties, under whatever name, than when 
imported in national ships; except advantages accorded by either 
country to products of its national fisheries. (Art. X.) 

(A) All duties and formalities imposed, and all bounties, draw- 
backs, or other favors allowed by either country on merchandise 
of any kind exported in ships of the other for any destination what- 
ever. *^ (Art. XL) 

(^) Warehousing privileges. Merchandise from either country 
warehoused in the other to receive the same treatment while await- 
ing transit, reexportation, or release for consumption as though im- 
ported under the national flag. (Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country may dispose freely of their property 
in the other by will or otherwise in any manner, conformably to the 
laws and regulations in force, and may transfer their fortunes from 
either country to the other without being subject to any extraordi- 
nary tax on account of such transfer. (Art. III.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. V.) 

(c) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country 
is exempt in the other from all transit dues, except special regula- 
tions concerning gunpowder and arms or munitions of war. (Art. 
XIII.) 

{d) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XXI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 

(a) Advantages which either country may accord to products of 
its national fisheries. (Art. X.) 

(h) The coasting trade of both countries is reserved for regula- 
tion by their respective laws; but reciprocal most-favored-nation 
treatment is pledged in respect thereto. (Art. XV.) 

(c) Concessions which either country may accord exclusively to 
bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XX.) 

Treaty with Honduras. 
No. 104. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetween Belgium 
and Honduras; and declaration additional thereto. 

SIGNED 25 Mar., 1909, at Guatemala. Addl. decl. signed 30 Aug., 1909.'' 
Effective from 20 Aug., 1910, for six years, and thereafter terminable on 12 
months' notice by either party. (Art. XXIII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 362-7 ; Martens 90 : 500-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights, 
privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and exemptions in matters 

.»» French. B. F. S. P. 102 : 367 ; Martens 90 : 506. 
54083—22 17 



244 BELGIUM AND HONDURAS. 

of commerce, industry, and navigation. (Arts. II. XIV, and 
XVIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

(a) Warehousing dues and formalities imposed by either country 
on merchandise imported in ships of the other, during period allowed 
by law for warehousing of goods awaiting transit, reexportation, or 
entrance for consumption. (Art. XI.) 

(b) All matters relating to transit, with special reference to 
exemption of any merchandise of either country from all transit 
duties in the other ; except special regulations concerning gunpowder, 
and arms or munitions of war. (Art. XII.) 

(c) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions or restrictions against importation, exportation, or transit ; 
except temporary sanitary measures to prevent spread of disease or 
destruction of harvests, and measures incidental to war. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(d) Any concessions which either country may grant in respect 
to its coasting trade. (Art. XIV.) 

(e) All duties, privileges, or tariff reductions concerning imports 
or exports to or from either country, with special reference to duties 
levied by either country on importation of products of the other. 
(Art. XV.) 

(/) Access to courts of justice for all commercial, industrial, or 
financial companies or associations of either nation, subject to the 
laws of the land. (Art. XVI.) 

(g) Awarding of government works or contracts. (Art. XIX.) 

(A) License fees payable in either country by commercial travelers 
from the other. (Art. XX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to: 
^^ (a) Eight of citizens of either country to conduct their lawful 

business in the other personally or through brokers or other agents, 
including remuneration payable to persons employed, and right of 
buyers and sellers to fix prices of any merchandise imported or 
exported; subject to the laws and regulations of the country. (Art. 

ni.) 

(b) Military loans or requisitions, and indemnities relating there- 
to. (Art. IV.) 

(c) All dues or charges on account of tonnage, light, pilotage, 
port, quarantine, and all other charges whatever affecting the hull 
of the ship, no matter by whom or how levied in ports of either 
country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
whatever their destination (Art. VI) ; except the coasting trade of 
both countries. (Art. XIV.) 

(d) All privileges or favors concerning the stationing, loading, 
or unloading of ships in ports or waters of either country, including 



^ 



BELGIUM AND ITALY. 245 

all formalities and dispositions affecting merchant A-essels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. VII.) 

(e) All duties or charges payable by vessels of either country load- 
ing or discharging foreign cargo in different ports of the other on 
the same voyage (Art. VIII) ; but coasting trade is reserved for 
regulation by the laws of each country. (Art. XIV.) 

(/) All articles which may be legally imported into, or exported 
from either country in its own vessels, may likewise be imported or 
exported in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and for 
any destination; subject to the same duties, charges, warehousing 
dues, formalities, bounties, and drawbacks, as when carried in na- 
tional vessels : except advantages accorded by either country to prod- 
ucts of its national fisheries. (Arts. IX-XI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Eestoration of ships, merchandise, and effects seized by pirates 
and found in the ports or waters of either country. (Art. XVII.) 

(c) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country 
to be determined by ship's papers required by national laws. 
(Art. V.) 

(d) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XXII.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 
(a) Concessions accorded by either country to bordering States to 

facilitate traffic in the frontier zone within fifteen kilometers of the 
boundary. (Addl. decl.^^) 

(h) Concessions accorded by either country to another State in 
virtue of a customs union. (Ibid.) 

(c) Imposition of supplementary duties to offset bounties on pro- 
duction or exportation. (Ibid.) 

Most-favored-nation provisions do not apply to : 

(d) Special privileges which Honduras may accord exclusively to 
any of the Central- American Eepublics. (Art. XXI.) 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 105. 

Treaty of commerce and) namgation hetioeen Belgium and Italy. 

SIGNED 11 Dec., 1882, at Rome. Effective from 1 Jan., 1883, until 1 Jan., 
1892, and thereafter terminable on one year's notice by either party. (Art. 
XIX.) , 

TEXT: French, Busschere 2: 258-60; Italy Tr. 9: 78^87; B. F. S. P. 73 : 597- 
602 ; Martens 58 :632-7. >r,q f^\ ,, 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below), regarding any 

" French^ B. F. S. P. 102 : 367 ; Martens 90 : 505,. V-.-c ; 



246 BELGIUM AND ITALY. 

privileges, favors, or immunities which either country may accord 
in matters concerning commerce and navigation, (Art. XIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
in regard to : 

(a) Duties on importation or reexportation by land or sea levied 
by either country on products of the other, or on merchandise com- 
ing from warehouses of the other ; also duties on exports from either 
country to the other by land or sea. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) Any restrictions or prohibitions established by either coun- 
try against the other regarding importation or exportation, except 
special sanitary measures or measures connected with war. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(c) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting fees payable in either country by 
commercial travelers from the other. (Art. XV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
:ftspecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
exemptions in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art, I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to: 
(a) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs 
in the other, personally or by agents of their own selection, without 
being obliged to pay persons they have not seen fit to employ ; also 
right to bargain freely and fix prices in buying or selling any mer- 
chandise imported or destined for exportation, on condition of 
conforming to the customs laws of the country. (Art. II.) 

(h) All civil rights, with special reference to possession, disposal, 
and transmission of, or succession to, property of any kind by will 
or otherwise, and all imposts or taxes relating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(c) All imposts, taxes, charges, or restrictions imposed by either 
country on movable or immovable property belonging to citizens 
of the other. (Art. V.) 

(d) All duties levied in ports, rivers, or canals of either country 
on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and whatever 
their destination, with special reference to duties for tonnage, port, 
beacons, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, salvage, and any other 
dues or charges under whatever name, whether levied for the State 
or for public officials, communes, or establishments of any kind. 
(Art. VII.) 

(e) Any privileges or favors in regard to the placing, loading, or 
discharging of vessels in ports or waters, of either country, and any 
formalities or dispositions applying to merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. VIII.) 

-(/) All duties, charges, or customs formalities imposed, and all 
bounties, drawbacks, or similar favors allowed, on any objects im- 



BELGIUM A:N^D JAPAN. 247 

ported into or exported from either country in ships of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and whatever the origin or destina- 
tion of the cargoes (Art. IX), except the coasting trade, which is 
regulated by the laws of each country. (Art, XII.) 

(g) Warehousing privileges: Merchandise imported into either 
country in ships of the other may be warehoused and released for 
transit or reexportation without paying higher duties for ware- 
housing, examination, supervision or other similar charges than 
when imported in national vessels. (Art. X.) 

(h) Dues of supervision payable in a port of either country by 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XI.) 

(i) Protection of each other's citizens with regard to trade-marks 
and industrial designs or models. (Art. XYII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Eeciprocal recognition in either country of commercial, in- 
dustrial, and financial companies or associations duly constituted in 
the other, with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. 
IV.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. V.) 

(c) Exemption of any merchandise passing to or from either 
country from all transit dues in the other ; except prohibition of gun- 
powder and special authorization required for transit of arms. (Art. 
XIY.) 

(d) Temporary duty-free admission into either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to customs for- 
malities relating thereto. (Art. XVI.) 

(e) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XX.) 

(/) Restoration of ships, merchandise, and effects seized by pirates 
and found in the ports or waters of either country. (Art. XVIII.) 

V. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to the 
coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the respective 
laws of each country. (Art. XII.) 

Treaty with Japan. 
No. 106. 

Exchange of notes hetween Belgium and Japan establishing a pro- 
visional commercial agreement, 

SIGNED 8 July, 1911, at Brussels. Effective from 17 July, 1911, until a new 
treaty goes into effect between the two countries. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 104 : 822-3 ; Martens 91 : 570-1 ; Japan Tr. 1918 : 
4^5. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to commerce, navigation, and customs, on condition of reci- 
procity. 



248 BELGIUM AND LIBERIA. 

Treaty with Liberia. 
No. 10 7. 

Treaty of friendsMf^ commerce^ and n-avigatiom Ijetii^een Belgiwm 
and Liberia. 

SIGNED 1 May, 1885, at Brussels. Effective from 1 Apr., 1886', for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 1% months' notice by either party. (Art, XIX.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 2 : 274-6 ; English, B. F. S. P. 76 : 182-8 ; French 
and English, Martens 61 : 653-63. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting any favors, 
privileges, or immunities which either country may accord in matters 
of customs, commerce, and navigation. (Art. X.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 
\ {a) All rights and privileges which either country may accord to 
foreigners, with special reference to right of residence and trade. 
(Art. II.) 

ifi) Expedition dues payable by vessels in either country under 
conditions stated. (Art. IV.) 

(c) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on mer- 
chandise imported from the other in vessels of any nationality, or 
in ships of the other from any port. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Exportation of products of either country by subjects or in 
ships of the other. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Any prohibitions established in either country against the 
other regarding importation, exportation, or transit; except special 
regulations for sanitary purposes, or in view of war. (Art. XI.) 
• (/) Privileges and protection accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. XVII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to license taxes payable in either 
country by commercial travelers from the other. (Art. XIV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Possession, disposal, and transmission of, or succession to, 
personal property of all kinds, by will or otherwise, and any deduc- 
tions or taxes relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

{h) Tonnage and other duties, charges or taxes levied by either 
country on ships of the other, and on goods imported or exported 
in ships of the other. (Art. III.) 

{c) Dues of supervision payable in a ]3ort of either country by 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. V.) 

{d) Duties payable in either country for bonding, and delivery 
for transit or reexportation of merchandise imported in ships of 
the other. (Art. VI.) 



BELGIUM AI^D MEXICO. 249 

(e) Any charges, restrictions, taxes, or dues imposed on personal 
property in either country. (Art. XII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Full protection for persons and property in either country, 
and freedom to buy and sell, without prejudice or restriction from 
any monopoly or exclusive privilege of sale or purchase. (Art. II.) 

(h) Exemption of vessels from tonnage dues in either country 
under conditions stated. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Import duties on articles in which the Liberian Government 
may traffic shall not exceed the difference between cost price and the 
price fixed by that Government for sale of said articles. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Exemption of each other's citizens from military service by 
land or sea. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Eecognition in either country of commercial, industrial, and 
financial associations duly constituted in the other, with special refer- 
ence to actions in courts of justice. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Temporary duty-free admission into either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other. (Art. XIV.) 

(g) Exemption of any merchandise passing to or from either coun- 
try from all transit dues in the other; except prohibition of gun- 
powder and arms of war, for which special authorization may be 
required. (Art. XV.) 

{h) Provisions relating to shipwrecks (Art. VIII) ; freedom of 
conscience and religious belief (Art. IX) ; restoration of ships, goods, 
and chattels seized by pirates and found in ports or waters of either 
country (Art. XVI) ; arrest of seamen deserters, and statement of 
procedure relating thereto. (Art. XVIII.) 

Treaty with Mexico. 
No. 108. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetween Belgium and 
Mexico. 

SIGNED 7 June, 1895, at Mexico. Effective from 4 June, 1896, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XVII.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 87: 394-9; Martens 73: 69-74; Spanish, Mexico 
Tr. Vig. 1 : 100-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms in all that .concerns local taxes, customs duties, formalities, 
brokerage, and everything relating to commerce. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All rights, liberties, and exemptions concerning access, with 
ships and cargoes, to all ports, rivers, and places open to foreigners 
in either country : right of residence and establishment, and right to 
occupy houses, shops, and other premises for purposes of commerce, 



250 BELGIUM AND MEXICO. 

by wholesale or retail; subject to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, 
or transit, with special reference to payment of duties, whether gen- 
eral, municipal, or local. (Art. III.) 

(c) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
merchandise to the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
against the other regarding importation;, exportation, or transit; ex- 
cept sanitary measures to prevent propagation of epizootic diseases 
or destruction of crops, and measures connected with war. (Art. 

ni.) 

(e) Exemption of merchandise of any kind passing to or from 
either country from all transit duties in the other. (Art. III.) 

(/) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
their commercial travelers from the other. (Art. IV.) 

(g) Treatment in either country of literary and artistic property 
of citizens of the other. (Art. V.) 

(A) All duties for tonnage, port, lighthouse, pilotage, quarantine, 
and other charges affecting the hull of the ship, imposed on vessels 
of either country entering ports of the other. (Art. VII.) 

(^) All duties or charges payable by vessels of either country load- 
ing or discharging foreign cargoes at different ports of the other 
on the same voyage; but coasting trade is expressly excepted. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(j) Rights which commercial, industrial, or financial companies 
and associations duly constituted in either country are permitted to 
exercise under laws of the other; with special reference to actions 
in courts of justice. (Art. XL) 

{k) All that concerns acquisition or possession of immovable prop- 
erty in either country. (Art. XII.) 

(l) Application of laws of either country to resident citizens of the 
other, with special reference to laws determining rights and obliga- 
tions of foreigners. (Art. XII.) 

(m) All charges or imposts levied by either country on real or 
personal property belonging to citizens of the other. (Art. XIII.) 

(n) All rights, privileges, favors, immunities, or exemptions which 
either country may accord to diplomatic or consular agents. (Arts. 
XV, XVI.) 

XL National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All rights concerning protection of industrial property in 
either country. (Art. V.) 

(h) All rights, privileges, and conditions concerning protection in 
either country of persons and property of citizens of the other, in- 



BELGIUM AND MOROCCO. 251 

eluding access to courts of justice and employment of advocates or 
others therein. (Art. X.) 

(c) Acquisition, joossession, and transmission of personal property 
in any manner whatever, and all duties or charges of whatever kind 
relating thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Legal forms and procedure to be applied in either country 
to citizens of the other regarding succession to property of all kinds, 
real or personal. (Art. XII.) 

(e) All requisitions, forced loans, or contributions imposed by 
either country on landed property for military purposes. (Art. 
XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Each country reserves the right to prohibit transit of certain 
articles through its territory, and to require special authorization for 
transit of arms and munitions of war. (Art. III.) 

(h) Duty-free admission of commercial travelers' samples unde:^ 
conditions specified. (Art. TV.) 

(c) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either nation 
to be recognized if carrying ship's papers required by law. (Art. 
VI.) 

(d) Exemption of vessels of either nation from tonnage and clear- 
ance dues under conditions stated. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Exemption of each other's citizens from all personal military 
service by land or sea, and from all requisitions, contributions, or 
forced loans, except those imposed upon landed propertv. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(/) Neither country to be responsible for damages, oppressions, or 
•exactions suffered by citizens of the other during insurrection or 
civil war, from insurgents or wild hordes not under control of the 
Government, except in case of neglect on the part of authorities 
concerned. (Art. XY.) 

Treaty with Morocco. 
No. 109. 

Treaty of friendship^ cornmerce^ and navigation between BelgiuTYi 
and Morocco. 

SIGNED 4 Jan., 1862, at Tangier. Ratifications exchanged there 18 May, 
1862. No time limit stated. 
TEXT : French, Belgium Tr. 1900 : 242-3 ; B. F. S. P. 100 : 711-2 ; Card : 71-2. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms to the diplomatic and consular agents and to the subjects, 
commerce, and vessels of either country as regards any advantages 
which either party may accord to any other nation. (Art. 2.) 



252 BELGIUM AIs^D N'OEWAY. 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 
No. 110. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Belgium and the 
Netherlands. 

SIGNED 12 May 1863. Duration indefinite. Terminable on 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT: French, Busschere 2:319-20; Lagemans 5:199-200; B. F. S. P., 
53 : 208-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally assured (subject 
to exceptions noted below) to the subjects and the flag of either 
country in the other, and to merchandise originating in either and 
destined for the other. (Arts. I, II.) 

II. Other provisions. 

Schedule of duties to be levied in Belgium on specified articles 
imported from or exported to the Netherlands. (Art. III.) 

III. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty noted above under 
I do not apply to : 

{a) Special favors which Dutch East Indian colonies may accord 
to Asiatic nations of the Eastern Archipelago for importation of 
their products or for their exportation. (Art. I.) 

{h) Special stipulations of previous treaties cited regarding com- 
modities named. (Art. II.) 

((?) Belgian subjects in Dutch colonies, who receive the treatment 
accorded to subjects of the most-favored non- Asiatic power. (Addl. 
conv. of 7 Dec, 1865,^* Art. I.) 

Treaty with Norway. 
No. 111. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Belgium and Norway. 

SIGNED 27 June, 1910, at Brussels. Ratifications exchanged there 25 Sept., 
1911. EfiCective from 5 Oct., 1911 for 10 years ; and thereafter terminable on one 
year's notice by either party. (Art. XII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 378-83 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 34-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights 
3. or favors in matters of commerce and industry, and any contribu- 
tions, restrictions, or obligations, general or local, relating thereto 
(Art. I) ; also all privileges, favors, or immunities which either coun- 
try may accord in matters concerning navigation and commerce 
(Art. XVIII). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Right of citizens of either country in the other (on condition 
of reciprocity) to acquire, possess, and dispose of, or succeed to, 
property of any kind, by will or otherwise; and all charges, restric- 
tions, taxes, or imposts relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

3* French, Lagemans 5 : 401-2. 



BELGIUM AND NORWAY. 253 

(h) Any favors or privileges which either nation may accord in 
respect to its coasting trade. (Art. X.) 

(c) Warehousing dues, and any formalities imposed by either 
country on merchandise from the other while awaiting transit, re- 
exportation, or release for consumption. (Art. XI.) 

(d) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XII.) 

(e) Any prohibitions established by either country against the 
other respecting importation, exportation, or transit; except tem- 
porary prohibitions or restrictions deemed necessary on sanitary 
grounds, or to prevent propagation of epizootic diseases and destruc- 
tion of crops, and except measures connected with war. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) All import duties levied by either country on products of the 
other, imports from or exports to the other, and any duties, favors, 
privileges, or tariff reductions regarding importation or exportation. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(g) Rights which commercial, industrial, or financial companies 
and associations duly constituted in either country may exercise in 
the other, with special reference to actions in courts of justice. 
(Art. XVI.) 

(h) Treatment by either country of commercial travelers from the 
other, including (on condition of reciprocity) exemption from license 
tax. (Art. XVII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting internal duties on production or con- 
sumption whether imposed by the State, or by municipalities or other 
corporations in either country. These duties must not bear more 
heavily on products of the other country than on similar articles of 
native or other foreign production ; it being understood that a special 
internal duty may be levied in Norway on Belgian grain imported 
for malting, and on Belgian potatoes imported for industrial use, 
the same as on grain and potatoes from other foreign countries ; and 
further that this stipulation does not concern import duties or taxes, 
nor excise duties on merchandise exempt from import duties or taxes. 
(Art. XV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to: 
(a) Liability of citizens of either country in the other for mili- 
tary contributions or requisitions, in peace or war; also right to 
indemnities established by laws of either country in favor of its 
nationals. (Art. I.) 

(h) Treatment of vessels of either nation in ports of the other, 
in every respect, from whatever place arriving and whatever their 
destination ; with special reference to duties for tonnage, lighthouse, 
pilotage, port, towage, quarantine, and any other charges affecting 



254 BELGIUM AND NORWAY. 

the hull of the ship, whether levied by the State or by public officials, 
communes, corporations, or establishments of any kind. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Any privileges or favors in regard to placing, loading, or 
unloading of vessels in ports or waters of either country, and all 
formalities or dispositions applying to merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Dues of supervision payable in a port of either country hj 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Importation in vessels of either nation. Merchandise of any 
kind legally importable into either country in its own vessels may 
likewise be imported in ships of the other, without paying other or 
higher duties of any kind than when imported in national ships; 
except products of national fisheries, as noted below. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) All export duties or formalities imposed, and all bounties, 
drawbacks, or other favors allowed, by either country on merchan- 
dise of any kind exported in ships of the other for any destination. 
(Art. IX.) 

(g) Warehousing privileges. Merchandise from either country 
warehoused in the other, to receive the same treatment while await- 
ing transit, reexportation, or release for consumption as though 
imported under the national flag ; with special reference to formali- 
ties and warehousing dues. (Art. XI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. I.) 

(h) Exemption of vessels from tonnage and clearance duties in 
either country, under conditions stated. (Art. V.) 

(c) Merchandise of any kind passing through either country is 
reciprocally exempt from all transit dues, except special regulations 
concerning gunpowder, and arms or munitions of war. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Arbitration of differences concerning interpretation or appli- 
cation of this treatv, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XX.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 

(a) Advantages accorded bj^ either country to products of its 
national fisheries. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) The coasting trade from port to port in either country, which 
is regulated by their respective laws. (Art. X.) 

(c) Special concessions, which Norway may accord to Sweden, 
or which either country may accord to bordering States to facilitate 
frontier relations. (Art. XIX.) 

Most-favored-nation provisions do not apply to : 

(d) Advantages resulting from a customs union of either nation 
with any third power. 

(e) Imposition of supplementary duties to offset bounties on pro- 
duction or exportation. (Art. XIX.) 



BELGIUM AND PERSIA. 255 

Treaty with Paraguay. 

No. 112. 

Convention of convmerce and navigation between Belgium and Para- 
guay. 

SIGNED 15 Feb., 1894, at Asuncion. Ratifications exchanged there 8 Dec, 
1894. Duration indefinite, subject to termination on 12 months' notice by either 
party. (Art. II.) 

TEXT: Frencli, Belgium Tr. 1900: 284; B. F. S. P. 86: 520-1; Martens 
71: 603. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms with reference to : 

{a) All matters relating to navigation, importation, exportation, 
or transit. (Art. I.) 

{b) All that concerns commercial operations, tariffs, complemen- 
tary taxes, and accessory customs duties. (Art. I.) 

{c) All civil rights, and all advantages, privileges, and exemp- 
tions concerning exercise of commerce and industries, and payment 
of imposts, taxes, and fees. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 113. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce hetween Belgium and Persia. 

SIGNED 31 July, 1857, at Brussels. Effective from 22 Mar., 1858, for 10 
years, and thereafter terminable on one year's notice by either party. (Art. 
IX.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 2 : 380-1 ; B. F. S. P. 47 : 622-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to : 

(a) Reception and treatment by either country of ambassadors or 
ministers from the other, and all prerogatives or immunities relating 
thereto. (Art. II.) 

(6) Protection and treatment by either country of subjects of the 
other in all respects, with special reference to travelers, merchants, 
and manufacturers. (Art. III.) 

((?) Duties levied by either country on ships of the other, and on 
merchandise imported or exported by subjects of the other, whether 
by land or sea. (Art. IV.) 

(^d) Manner of trial and judgment of nationals of either country 
charged with offenses in the other. (Art. Y.) 

{e) Procedure concerning succession to property left by subjects 
of either country dying in the other. (Art. YI.) 

(/) All honors, privileges, and immunities accorded to consuls in 
either country. (Art. VII.) 



256 BELGIUM AND RUMANIA. 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of subjects of either country to import or export any 
merchandise to or from the other by land or sea, and to buy, sell, 
or transport the same throughout the territories of either nation; 
also right to rent houses, shops, and stores for purposes of residence 
and commerce; subject in matters of internal commerce to the laws 
of the country. (Art. III.) 

(h) Disputes arising in Persia between Belgians to be settled by 
Belgian consuls according to Belgian law. Disputes between Bel- 
gians and Persians to be tried by a Persian tribunal in the place 
where a Belgian consul or agent resides, and in the presence of his 
employee. Disputes arising in Persia between Belgians and other 
foreigners to be settled by their respective consular authorities. 
(Art. V.) 

(c) Right of either country to appoint three consuls in the other 
to reside at places named. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 114. 

Declaration for provisional regulation of comrfiercial relations he- 
tween Belgium and Portugal. 

SIGNED 11 Dec, 1897, at Lisbon. 

TEXT : French, Biisschere 17 : 788-94 ; B. P. S. P., 89 : 1015-16 ; French and 
Portuguese (transL), Portugal Tr. 10:353-6. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting 
import duties to be levied by either country on specified products 
of the other (Art. I) ; except concessions which Portugal may grant 
exclusively to Spain or Brazil. (Art. III.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further assured to Portuguese 
wines of specified alcoholic strength with regard to excise duties in 
Belgium. (Art. II.) 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 115. 

Commercial corwention hetween Belgium and Rumania. 

SIGNED 5 June, 1906, at Bucharest. Ratifications exchanged there 12 Jan., 
1907. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. VI.) 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 99 : 871-3 ; Martens 85 : 266-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all favors, 
privileges, immunities, tariff reductions, and other advantages 
which either country may accord to the subjects, vessels, or prod- 
ucts of any third power; subject to exceptions noted below, and to 
the laws, ordinances, and special regulations applicable to all for- 
eigners in either country in matters of commerce, industry, police^ 
and general security. (Arts. I, II.) 



BELGIUM AND RUSSIA. 257 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit ; with special reference to payment of duties or dues. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Export duties imposed by either country on objects exported to 
the other. (Art. II.) 

(c) All matters relating to transit. (Art. II.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding military 
contributions, requisitions, or indemnities, in peace or war. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Belgian products listed in the schedule annexed to this con- 
vention to pay in Eumania no higher duties than specified in said 
schedule. (Art. III.) ^, 

(h) Any merchandise passing to or from either country shall be 
exempt in the other from all transit dues. (Art. II.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea. (Art. V.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation stipulations do not ap- 
ply to : 

(a) Advantages resulting from a customs union. (Art. IV.) 
(h) Supplementary taxes to offset bounties on production or ex- 
portation. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Russia.'' 

No. 116. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Belgium and Russia. 

SIGNED 9 June, 1858, at St. Petersburg. Terminable on one year's notice 
by either party. (Art. XXII.) Terminated 25 Oct., 1918, by notice from 
Russia given 12 months before. (Bd. Tr. J. 17 Jan., 1918: 81.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 2 : 397-400 ; B. F. S. P. 48 : 976-84 

I. Most-favored-n?tion treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) , re- 
specting any special favor which either country may accord to other 
nations in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. XIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Right of vessels of either country to engage in commerce and 
navigation in all ports open to foreign commerce in the other. 
(Art. I.) 

{h) Treatment of crews of vessels of either country in ports of 
the other. (Art. III.) 

2^ Seo p. 757, note 195. 



258 BELGIUM AND RUSSIA. 

(c) All duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Any restrictions or prohibitions imposed on importation or 
exportation of products of either country into or from the other. 
(Art. VII.) 

(e) Transit through either country of objects of any kind passing 
to or from the other. (Art. XI.) 

(/) All privileges, powers, and exemptions accorded to consular 
officers by either country. (Art. XVII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
reciprocally pledged with regard to application of laws and commer- 
cial usages in either country to consular agents of the other engag- 
ing in commerce. (Art. XVII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all privileges, immunities, and favors in matters of com- 

J^ merce and industry, subject to special laws and regulations of either 
country concerning commerce, industry, and police. (Art. I.) 
National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to: 
(a) Protection and security in either country for citizens of the 
other and their property. (Art. I.) 

(o) All taxes, imposts, or obligations of any kind imposed on citi- 
zens of either country hiring or possessing houses, stores, shops, and 
premises in cities and ports of the other. (Art. I.) 

(c) Dues for tonnage, flag, port, beaconage, pilotage, anchorage, 
towage, lighthouse, quarantine, salvage, brokerage, warehousing, and 
any other dues or charges under whatever name, levied in ports of 
either country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving 
and whatever their destination, whether levied for the Government 
or for public officials, communes, or establishments of any kind. 
(Art. 11.) 

(d) Any privileges or favors concerning the stationing, loading, 
or discharging of vessels in ports or waters of either country, and 
all formalities or dispositions applying to merchant ships and their 
cargoes. (Art. III.) 

(e) Importation and exportation. Any objects of commerce which 
may be legally imported into or exported from either country in its 
own vessels, whether imported for consumption, transit, warehous- 
ing, or reexportation, may likewise be imported, exported, or re- 
exported in ships of the other for any destination, without paying 
other or higher dues or charges of any kind than when carried in 
national ships. (Arts. IV and VI.) 

(/) Importation in vessels of either country. Products of any 
kind, whatever their origin and from whatever place arriving, im- 
ported into either country in ships of the other shall pay no other 
or higher import duties or other charges, and shall enjoy the same 



BELGIUM AND RUSSIA. 259 

reductions and favors of any kind, as when imported in national 
ships. (Art. V.) Nor shall any priority or preference of any kind 
be accorded by either country, directly or indirectly, for purchase of 
any objects of commerce lawfully imported, whether carried in ves- 
sels of either country. (Art. XII.) 

{g) All privileges accorded in territorial waters of either country 
to vessels not intending to enter port ; or, having entered, not desir- 
ing to discharge all or part of their cargo. (Art. XIV.) 

(A) Treatment of vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports 
of the other from damage or shipwreck, with special reference to 
payment of dues (Art. XVI) ; including expenses for salvage and 
quarantine (Art. XIX). 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of 
each country. (Art. X.) 

(5) Exemption of vessels from tonnage and clearance dues in 
ports of either country, under conditions stated. (Art. XIV) . 

{c) Assistance to be given by local authorities in either country to 
consuls of the other with reference to salvage operations in case of 
shipwreck (Art. XIX) ; and for recovery of seamen deserters (Art. 
XX). 

V. Exceptions. 

{a) This treaty shall not be deemed to concede the following ex- 
emptions, immunities, and privileges : 

(1) Special concessions concerning commercial relations of Bel- 
gium with France, or of Russia with Sweden and Norway, which 
were granted in consideration of equivalent advantages, and which 
may be renewed in future. (Separate Art. I.) 

(2) Eight of either country to exempt newly built vessels of na- 
tive construction and owned by its nationals from navigation dues 
during the first three years. (Separate Art. II, 1.) 

(3) Exemptions or reductions of duties granted to inhabitants 
of the Province of Archangel for importation of certain furs, and 
of dried or salted fish, or exportation of grain, ropes and cordage, 
tar, and ravendouc. (Ibid., 2.) 

(4) Privileges of the Russo-American Company. (Ibid., 3.) 

(5) Immunities granted in either country to pleasure vachts. 
(Ibid., 4.) 

(6) Articles I to VII (noted above under I Or-d and III a-f) of 
this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) The coasting trade, which each country reserves to itself ex- 
clusively. (Art. VIII.) 
54083—22 18 



260 BELGIUM AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(2) Special privileges which either country may accord to its 
own vessels regarding importation of salt, and of products of the 
national fisheries. (Art. IX.) 

VI. Territorial application. — The stipulations of this treaty were 
made applicable to all merchant vessels navigating under the Rus- 
sian flag, including those of Finland, which is declared an integral 
part of the Russian Empire. (Art. XXI.) 

Treaty with Salvador. 

No. 117. 

Convention for pro'visional regulation of commercial relations he- 
tween Belgium, and Salvador. 

SIGNED 21 Mar. 1906, at Guatemala. Ratifications exchanged there 27 Mar. 
1907. Effective from 27 Apr. 1907, subject to termination on 12 months' notice 
by either party. (Art. III.) 

TEXT: French, B. P. S. P. 99: 870-1; Martens 86: 330; Spanish, Salvador 
Pact. Int. 1 : 24-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment of each other's subjects and 
products is reciprocally pledged in general terms with reference to 
matters of commerce, navigation, and customs ; except special preroga- 
tives which Salvador may accord by treaty to the oth'er Central 
American Republics. (Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. — Certificates of origin required for admis- 
sion of merchandise to preferential treatment in either country, to 
be viseed by the respective consuls free of consular fees. (Art. II.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State.'' 

No. 118. 

Commercial treaty hetiveen Belgium and Serbia, 

SIGNED 24 Apr. 1907, at Belgrade. Effective from 13 Jan. 1908 until 31 
Dec. 1917, and thereafter until terminated by one year's notice from either 
party. (Art. XV.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 20 : 628-41 ; B. F. S. P. 100 : 712-19 ; Martens 
86 : 778-85. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting all rights, privileges, immunities, favors, and exemptions 
which either country may grant to citizens of any other country; 
subject to special laws and regulations applying to all foreigners in 
matters of commerce, industry, and police. (Art. II.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

36 See p. 771, note 197. 



BELGIUM AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 261 

(a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, mov- 
able or immovable property of any kind, by will or otherwise, in 
any lawful manner. (Art. III.) 

(h) Rights which commercial, industrial, or financial companies 
and associations of either country may exercise in the other. 
(Art.V.) 

(c) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation, exportation, or transit (Art. VI), as noted below 
under IV h. 

(d) Treatment by either country of products of the other, whether 
imported for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, or transit; 
with special reference to imposition of duties, and any favors, im- 
munities, or reductions of import duties which either country may 
accord to any third power (Art. VII), except as noted below under V. 

(e) Treatment given by either country to merchandise originating 
in the other in all matters concerning transportation by railways, 
and use of roads, highways, canals, locks, ferries, bridges, ports, and 
landing places. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Any duties imposed by either country on products exported to 
the other, and any favors relating to exportation. (Art. X.) 

(g) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XL) 

(h) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
and commercial travelers from the other. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged regarding internal duties on production or con- 
sumption, whether levied by the State, by communes, or corporations 
in either country. Such duties must not bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
native or other foreign production. (Art. XIX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All rights concerning exercise of commerce and industry in 
either country, and all imposts or taxes relating thereto; subject to 
special laws and regulations applying to all foreigners in matters of 
commerce, industry, and police. (Art. 11.) 

(h) All taxes, imposts, or charges under whatever name imposed 
by either country on acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or suc- 
cession to, property of all kinds, by will or otherwise, including 
duties payable on exportation of proceeds if sold. (Art. III.) 

(c) Military contributions or requisitions imposed by either coun- 
try in peace or war, and all indemnities relating thereto as provided 
bylaw. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Treatment of subjects of either country proceeding to markets 
or fairs in the other to ply their trades or sell their products, with 
special reference to taxes incidental thereto ; it being understood that 



262 BELGIUM AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVEN^E STATE, 

this provision does not concern import duties on merchandise destined 
for markets or fairs. (Art. XIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service, and from obligation to accept judicial, administra- 
tive, or municipal office, except that of guardian, (Art. IV,) 

(h) Both countries agree not to obstruct their commercial relations 
by any prohibition against importation, exportation, or transit, ex- 
cept for the following reasons applying to all countries under the 
same conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public safety. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and plants from dis- 
eases, insects, or noxious parasites. 

(4) Execution of internal laws prohibiting or restricting produc- 
tion, transportation, sale, or consumption of certain articles. (Art. 
VI.) 

(c) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty shall pay on importation into the other no 
higher duties than those fixed by these tariffs. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Products of either country imported into the other and destined 
for storage or transit are exempt from all internal duties, except for 
protection and storage. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country 
by a commercial route open to transit is exempt in the other from 
all transit duties, whether going straight through, or unloaded, 
stored, and reloaded; except special regulations concerning gun- 
powder and munitions of war. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties, in either country, subject to customs regulations relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. XIII and Annex C.) 

(g) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this treaty, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XIV and final protocol.) 

V. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to: 

(a) Concessions accorded to bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. 

(h) Concessions which either country may accord in virtue of a 
customs union. 

(c) Supplementary duties to offset bounties on production or ex- 
portation. (Art. XII.) 



BELGIUM AND SIAM. 263 

Treaty with Siam. 
No. 119. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce hetween Belgium and Siam.. 

SIGNED 29 Aug., 1868, at London, Effective from 1 Jan., 1869, subject to 
revision after 12 years on one year's notice from either party. (Arts. XXV, 
XXVI.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 59: 405-16; French, Busschgre 
2: 406-12. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting free and equal participation in all privileges 
conceded by either nation to the Government, subjects, or citizens, 
or to the ships and goods of any other country. (Art. XXIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Freedom of commerce and navigation in any part of either 
country where trade and navigation are allowed. (Art. I.) 

{h) All privileges, immunities, powers, and exemptions accorded 
to consular officers in either country. (Art. II.) 

((?) Taxation of landed property of Belgian subjects in 'Siam. 
(Art. VIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Belgian vessels respecting all privileges and immunities 
which may be granted to Siamese or any other vessels. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Protection of persons and property of subjects of either 
country in territories of the other. (Art. I.) 

{b) Right of Belgian subjects to free exercise of their religion, 
and right to build churches. (Art. III.) 

{c) Belgian subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be registered 
at the Belgian consulate in the manner described. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Eight of Belgian subjects to reside in Siam within boundaries / 
named (and beyond these limits by special permission) ; also to trade 
freely and securely in all parts of Siam without interference from 
any monopoly or exclusive privilege of purchase or sale. (Art. V.) 

{e) Eight of Belgian subjects to buy, sell, lease, or rent lands and 
plantations in Siam, and to rent, buy, or build houses within bound- 
aries named, and subject to conditions stated; also to engage in 
mining in any part of Siam, and any kind of manufacturing not 
contrary to law. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported in Belgian 
vessels not to exceed 3 per cent ad valorem, (Art. XIX), which 
shall never be increased (Art. XXI.) Upon payment of specified 
import and export duties, Belgian subjects may freely import into 
or export from Siam to or from any foreign port every kind of 



264 BELGIUM AND SWEDEN. 

merchandise, except specified articles subiect to restrictions named. 
(Art. XXI.) 

(gr) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to functions of 
Belgian consuls (Art. II) ; employment of Siamese subjects (Art. 
VI) ; passports (Art. VII) ; settlement of disputes between Belgian 
and Siamese subjects (Arts. IX, X) ; piracy, or robbery on shore 
(Art. XI) ; arrest of criminals, fugitives, sailors, etc. (Art. XII) ; 
bankruptcy (Art. XIII) ; recovery of debts (Art. XIV) ; disposal of 
property left by subjects of either country dying in the other (Art. 
XV) ; assistance to ships in distress (Art. XVII) ; and arbitration of 
disputes between the two countries (Art. XXIV). 

(h) Commercial regulations for the conduct of Belgian trade in 
Siam. (Annexed.) 

(i) Tariff schedules of import and export duties. * (Annexed.) 

Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 120. 

Treaty of coniTnerce and navigation hetween Belgium and Sweden. 

SIGNED 11 June, 1895, at Brussels. Efeective from 27 June, 1895, for two 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXI.) 

TEXT : French, Busschere 2 : 415-7 ; B. F. S. P. 87 : 493-98 ; Martens 71 : 
603-7 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 567-71. 

L Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights, 
privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and exemptions which either 
country may accord in matters of commerce, industry, and naviga- 
tion. (Arts. I and XYII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All import duties imposed by either country on products of 
the other ; and any favors, privileges, duties, or reductions of duties 
on importation or exportation. (Art. XIV.) 

(6) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XL) 

{c) Any prohibitions established by either country against the 
other concerning importation, exportation, or transit; except tem- 
porary prohibitions or restrictions deemed necessary on sanitary 
grounds, or to prevent spread of epizootic diseases or destruction 
of harvests, and except measures connected with war. (Art. XII.) 

{d) Any favors or privileges which either nation may grant in 
respect to its coasting trade. (Art. XIII.) 

;(e) All rights accorded by either country to industrial, com- 
mercial, financial, and other companies and associations duly con- 
stituted in the other; with special reference to actions in courts of 
justice/ (Art. XV.) 



BELGIUM A:N'D SWEDEN. 265 

(/) Treatment in either country of commercial travelers from the 
other regarding payment of license fees. (Art. XVIII.) 

(g) Warehousing dues, and any formalities imposed by either 
country on merchandise from the other awaiting transit, reexporta- 
tion, or release for consumption. (Art. X.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs 
in the other personally or by agents of their own choosing, without 
being obliged to pay persons they have not seen fit to employ; also 
right to bargain freely and fix prices of merchandise in buying or 
selling, subject to the laws and regulations in force. (Art. II.) 

(h) All taxes, imposts, charges, or restrictions imposed by either 
country on real or personal property belonging to citizens of the 
other. (Art. III.) 

((?) Treatment by either country of ships of the other, in every 
respect, from whatever place arriving and whatever the destination, 
including all dues for tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, port, quarantine, 
and any other charges affecting the hull of the ship, whether im- 
posed by the State or by public officials, communes, corporations, or 
establishments of any kind. (Art. V.) 

(d) All privileges or favors in regard to the stationing, loading, 
and unloading of vessels in ports and waters of either nation, in- 
cluding all formalities and arrangements applying to merchant ves- 
sels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Duties of supervision payable in a port of eitb^T country bv 
ships of the other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Importation in vessels of either country. Any merchandise 
which may be legally imported into either country in its own ves- 
sels may likewise be imported in ships of the other without paying 
other or higher duties than when imported in national vessels; ex- 
cept products of national fisheries, as noted below. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) All export duties or formalities imposed, and all bounties, 
drawbacks, or other favors allowed, by either country in merchandise 
of any kind exported in ships of the other, for any destination 
whatever. (Art. IX.) 

(h) Warehousing privileges. Merchandise from either country 
warehoused in the other to receive the same treatment while await- 
ing reexportation, transit, or release for consumption as though im- 
ported under the national flag. (Art. X.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service 
by land or sea. (Art. III.) 

(h) Merchandise of any kind passing through either country is 
reciprocally exempt from all transit dues except special regulations 
concerning gun powder and arms or munitions of war. (Art. XI.) 



266 BELGIUM AND SWITZERLAND. 

(c) Vessels of either nation may load or discharge cargo at dif- 
ferent ports of the other on the same voyage on condition of con- 
forming to the laws and regulations of the country (Art. VII) ; but 
coasting trade is excepted (Art. XIII). 

(d) In case Belgian commercial travelers should be exempt from 
all license fees in Sweden, the same exemption will be granted by 
Belgium to commercial travelers from Sweden. (Art. XVIII.) 

(e) Arbitration of disputes regarding interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XX.) 

V. Exceptions. — The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) Advantages accorded by either country to its national fish- 
eries. (Art. VIII.) 

(b) The coasting trade of both countries. (Art. XIII.) 

(c) Concessions which either country may accord exclusively to 
bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XIX.) 

(d) Concessions which may be accorded by Sweden to Norway. 
(Art. XIX.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 121. 

Treaty of commerce hetween Belgium and Sioitzerland. 

SIGNED 3 July. 1889, at Berne. Effective from 29 Dec, 1889, until 1 Feb., 
1892; and thereafter terminable on one year's notice by either party, subject 
to modification at any time by common consent, as experience may suggest. 
(Art. XIII.) 

TEXT : French, Bussch^re 2 : 419-20 ; B. F. S. P. 81 : 251-3 ; French and Ger- 
man, Martens 66 : 551-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting any favors concerning establishment, taxes, 
commerce, or customs which either country may accord to any third 
power. (Art. VII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Any duties imposed by either country on importation, ware- 
housing, or exportation of products of the other. (Art. VII.) 

{h) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(c) Any prohibitions established by either country against the 
other regarding importation, exportation, or transit; except tem- 
porary prohibitions or restrictions deemed necessary on sanitary 
grounds to prevent propagation of epizootic diseases or destruction 
of crops, and except measures connected with war. (Art. IX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
regarding all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
exemptions in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. I.) 



BELGIUM AND TURKEY. 267 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Excise or consumption duties levied in either country. These 
must not bear more heavily on merchandise originating in the other 
than on similar articles of native production (Art. Ill) ; including 
consumption and octroi duties levied by Swiss cantons or com- 
munes (Art. IV). 

(h) Treatment by either country of commercial travelers from 
the other respecting licenses subject in Belgium to option named. 
(Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Eecognition by either country of commercial, industrial, and 
financial companies or associations duly constituted in the other, 
with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. II.) 

(h) Temporary duty-free admission into either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to customs for- 
malities relating thereto. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Exemption of merchandise from all transit duties in either 
country, except prohibition of, or special authorization for transit of 
arms and munitions of war. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning customs declarations in either 
country. Arts. X-XII.) 

Treaty with Turkey. 
No. 122. 

Treaty of fHendship^ commerce^ and navigati<on 'behvee7i Belgium 
and Turkey. 

SIGNED 3 Aug., 1838, at Balta-Liman. Duration perpetual. (Art. XVI.) 
TEXT : French, Belgium Tr. 1900 : 398-402 ; Busschere 2 : 425-6 ; B. F. S. P. 
26 : 1222-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all advantages and privileges which either 
country may accord to merchants and other subjects of any third 
power; with special reference to duties and other imposts payable 
by Belgians in Turkey. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to : 

{a) Customs, port, and other dues imposed on Belgian vessels 
and their cargoes in Turkish ports, and search of Belgian ships by 
Turkish customs officers and port authorities. (Art. XI.) 

{h) Eight of vessels of either country to import or export all 
kinds of products and merchandise into or from the other ; except : 

(1) Special privileges and advantages which Belgium may ac- 
cord to her national fisheries. 

(2) Special and exclusive privileges reserved for Belgian ves- 
sels with regard to her commerce in salt. (Art. XI.) 



268 BELGIUM AND VENEZUELA. 

(<?) Application of the coasting trade regulations of either coun- 
try to ships of the other. (Art. XI.) 

(d) Any dues payable by vessels of either country entering porfs 
of the other without landing cargo. (Art. XII.) 

(e) All duties, imposts, or charges affecting the hull of the ship 
payable by vessels of either country in ports of the other. (Art. 
XIII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of subjects of either country to rent houses and stores 
in the other, and to travel and trade in all the possessions of either 
country, by land or sea. (Art. II.) 

(h) Right of Belgian subjects to employ brokers of any nation- 
ality or religion in Turkey. (Art. V.) 

(c) Right of either country to appoint consular officers in the 
other, who shall enjoy all distinction due to their office. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Property of subjects of either country dying in the other shall 
be delivered to the respective diplomatic or consular representatives. 
(Art. VII.) 

(e) Disputes between Belgians and Turks shall not be heard or 
judged, except in presence of the Belgian dragoman. Criminal cases 
to be referred to the Belgian diplomatic or consular representative. 

(Art. VIII.) 

(/) Right of Belgian merchant ships to navigate the Black Sea 
and any other seas, waters, ports, or harbors of the Ottoman Empire, 
carrying lawful merchandise of any kind. (Art. X.) 

(g) Owners or masters of merchant vessels Cin not be compelled to 
transport troops, munitions, or other objects o-f w^ar. (Art. XIV.) 

(h) Assistance to be given to vessels of either country seeking 
refuge in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck, or from 
pirates and corsairs. (Art. XV.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Belgium with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 4. 

Treaty with Venezuela. 
No. 123. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation between Belgium 
and Venezuela, 

SIGNED 1 Mar., 1884, at Caracas. Effective from 8 Apr., 1886, for five years, 
and thereafter terminable on twelve months' notice by either party. (Art. 
XXXVII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 75 : 39-47 ; Spanish, Venezuela Tr. 1910 : 237-44 ; 
French and Spanish, Martens 61 : 613-28. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms, with regard to everything accorded by the laws to diplo- 



BELGIUM AND VENEZUELA. 269 

matic and consular agents, citizens, ships, or merchandise of any 
other country. (Art. XXXVI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Any favors or exemptions which either country may accord 
in regard to military requisitions or charges imposed on possession 
of landed property, or concerning exemption from military service 
and contributions, or exemption from obligatory public functions. 
(Art. VI.) 

(h) Precautionary police measures applied to foreigners in either 
country. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Transit through territory of either nation of any objects 
passing to or from the other, whether passing direct or by reexporta- 
tion. (Art. XV.) 

(d) All duties imposed by either country on importation or re- 
exportation of products of the other. (Art. XVI.) 

(e) Any duties imposed by either country on merchandise exported 
to the other. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Any restrictions or prohibitions imposed by either country 
against the other regarding importation or exportation (Art. XVI) ; 
except temporary sanitary measures to prevent spread of epizootic 
diseases and destruction of crops, and except measures connected 
with epidemics or war (Art. XVII). 

(g) Treatment of each other's vessels in matters concerning exer- 
cise of the coasting trade. (Art. XXVII.) 

(A) Admission and treatment by either country of consular offi- 
cers of the other. (Arts. XXXIII-IV.) 

(^) Most-favored-nation treatment is further gua;ranteed to Bel- 
gian immigrants in Venezuela respecting advantages of any kind 
accorded to any foreign immigrants by laws and decrees of Vene- 
zuela. (Art.. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in the 
other. (Art. III.) 

(h) Eight of citizens of either country to travel, reside, or con- 
tract marriage in the other. (Art. IV.) 

(c) All charges, restrictions, or taxes imposed in either country 
on citizens of the other. (Arts. V and XL) 

(d) Air rights, privileges, and conditions concerning protection 
of persons and property in either country, including access to courts 
of justice, and employment of advocates or others therein. (Art. 
V.) 

(e) Treatment, trial, and punishment of citizens of either country 
taking part in civil strife in the other; diplomatic intervention to 






270 BELGIUM AND VENEZUELA. 

be permitted only in case of notorious injustice, or of denial of jus- 
tice. (Art. Vlli.) 

(/) I^ight of citizens of either country to exercise commerce irt 
the other by wholesale or retail in any capacity; to engage in any 
lawful trade, profession, or industry; to rent and occupy houses,, 
warehouses, and shops ; and to bargain freely and fix prices of any 
article bought or sold; subject in all these matters to the laws of 
the country. (Art. X.) 

(g) Acquisition, possession, transmission, and disposal of prop- 
ertj of any kind, real or personal, by will or otherwise in any lawful 
manner ; including right to export propert}^ or proceeds if sold ; and. 
all taxes, imposts, or duties relating to any of these matters. (Arts. 
X, XIII, and XIV.) 

(A) Eight of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in- 
the other, personally or otherwise, in any capacity, and all charges^ 
imposts, or restrictions relating thereto. (Art. XI.) 

(i) All charges, imposts, or restrictions imposed in either country 
on property of any kind, real or personal, belonging to citizens of 
the other. (Art. XII.) 

(j) Indemnities payable by either country to citizens of the other 
for loss, damage, or injury sustained in civil or other wars, in ex- 
ceptional cases where native citizens would have a right to indemnifi- 
cation. (Art. XVIII.) 

(k) All dues, tolls, or charges payable in ports, rivers, or canals 
of either country by ships of the other, from whatever place arriv- 
ing and whatever their destination, on account of tonnage, port^. 
lighthouse, pilotage, anchorage, towage, lockage, beaconage, broker- 
age, salvage, or quarantine, and any other duties or charges of what- 
ever kind imposed on the hull of the ship, whether levied by the 
Government, by public officials, communes, or any establishments:- 
whatever. (Art. XXII.) 

(l) Any privilege or favor in regard to stationing, loading, and 
unloading of ships in ports and waters of either country, and all 
formalities or regulations concerning merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. XXIII.) 

(m) Any dues or charges payable in either country by vessels of 
the oth"er or their cairgoes in case of forced landing to escape damage 
or shipwreck, provided they do not engage in commerce or remains 
longer than necessary. (Art. XXIV.) 

(n) All import duties and other charges payable in either country 
on articles imported under the flag of the other, whatever their origir^ 
and from whatever country imported. (Art, XXV.) 

(o) All duties or formalities imposed by either country on articles 
exported under the flag of the other, for whatever destination.- 
(Art. XXVI.) 



BELGIUM AND VENEZUELA. 271 

{p) All duties payable by ships in either country loading or un- 
loading foreign merchandise in different ports of the other on the 
same voyage. But coasting trade is excepted. (Art. XXVII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Any disputes between the two countries which can not be 
settled by peaceful means, to be submitted for arbitration to a 
friendly power. (Art. II.) 

{h) Citizens of either country to be exempt in the other from all 
obligatory, judicial, administrative, or municipal functions; from 
till military service by land or sea; from quartering of troops; and 
from all military contributions, forced loans, or requisitions. 
(Art. VI.) 

{c) Immovable property owned by citizens of either country in 
the other to be subject to the laws of the country where situated. 
(Art. XIX.) 

{d) Nationality of vessels under flag of either country to be recog- 
nized by the other, if carrying ship's papers required by law. 
(Art. XXI.) 

{e) Assistance by either country to vessels of the other, and to 
their crews and passengers, in case of shipwreck or piracy, includ- 
ing restoration of salvaged articles, which are exempt from import 
duties unless cleared for consumption. (Arts. XXVIII-IX.) 

(/) Detailed provisions relating to shipwreck (Art. XXVIII) ; 
piracy (Art. XXIX) ; war, contraband, and neutrality (Arts. XXX- 
XXXII) ; and assistance to consuls for recovery of seamen deserters 
(Art. XXXV). 



BOLIVIA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Belgium. 

Treaties of Bolivia with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, No. 5. 
Argentina, Ko. 52. 



Belgium, No. 91. 



Treaty with Brazil. 
No. 124. 



Treaty of conivnierce and fluvial navigation hetween Bolivia and 
Brazil. 

SIGNED 12 Aug., 1910, at Rio cle Janeiro. Ratifications exchanged 29 July, 
1911, at La Paz. Effective from exchange of ratifications for 10 years, and 
thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice from either party ; except as to 
freedom of commercial transit by land or water, which is declared perpetual 
(Art. 39), and which existed long before this treaty was made. (See Brazil, 
Act. Dipl. 2 : 312 ; B. F. S. P. 388.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig.: 186-54; Martens 92:632-8; Portuguese, 
Brazil, Act. Diplom. 2 : 387 ; D. O., 3 Mar., 1912. 

{a) Both countries to enjoy all rights and privileges regarding 
commerce and fluvial navigation which either may accord to other 
States bordering on the Amazon or its affluents, or on the Paraguay 
and its tributaries. (Art. IT.) 

(&) Mutual guarantee of free passage in perpetuity for merchant 
ships of all nations to and from Bolivia by way of the Amazon, 
Paraguay, and other waters named (Arts. 1, 2) except the coasting 
trade from port to port in the same country (Art. 5.) 

{g) Transit of persons, equipages, and merchandise by land or 
rivers through either country is exempt from all imposts whatever; 
whether national, State, or municipal, except only handling and 
warehousing charges and the duty for stamps or stamped paper 
(Art. 14) on condition of conforming to fiscal and police regulations 
designed to facilitate the widest freedom of commercial intercourse 
between the two nations (Art. 1). 

{d) Certain ancient ship's dues named are abolished in the river 
ports of both countries, 'and are replaced by a single duty on tonnage, 
272 



BOLIVIA AND CHILE. 273 

proportionate to capacity of vessels as specified in this treaty. (Arts. 

11,12.) 

(e) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning transportation, 
customs administration, and other matters pertaining to transit 
trade. (Arts. 15-38.) 

Treaties with Chile. 
No. 125. 

Treaty of peace^ friendship^ and commerce hetween Bolivia and Chile. 

SIGNED 20 Oct., 1904, at Santiago. Ratifications exchanged 10 Mar., 1905, at 
La Paz. No time limit stated. 

TEXT: Spanish, Martens 87:174-S4; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 
98 : 763-70. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Any dues which either country may impose on importation or 
consumption of products of the other, and any favors, exemptions, 
or privileges relating thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

{h) Railway tariffs to be applied to products of either country 
carried over railways of the other. (Ibid.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning boundary lines 
between the two countries (Art. II) ; construction of railways to 
facilitate commercial relations (Art. Ill) ; and settlement of claims 
(Arts. IV, V). 

{h) Chile recognizes in favor of Bolivia, and in perpetuity, the 
fullest and most unrestricted right of commercial transit through her 
territory and ports on the Pacific. (Art. VI.) 

((?) Bolivia shall have the right to establish customhouse agencies 
at ports she may select for carrying on her trade. Goods intended 
for transit to be dealt with by these agencies as described in detail. 
(Arts. VII, IX, X.) 

{d) Arbitration of difficulties regarding interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XII.) 

{e) Products of Chile imported into Bolivia shall enjoy on speci- 
fied railways constructed on Bolivian territory a rebate of not less 
than 10 per cent on freight charges. (Protocol.) 

(/) Until Bolivia abolishes the exemption from duty enjoyed by 
Peruvian goods, the products of Chile imported into Bolivia, and 
vice versa, shall enjoy a like exemption. (Protocol of 10 Sept. 
1905.") 

8^ English (traBsl.), B. F. S. P. 98: 771-2. 



274 BOLIVIA AND COLOMBIA. 

No. 126. 

Convention regulating commercial traffic hetween Bolivia and Chile. 

SIGNED 6 Aug., 1912, at La Paz. Ratifications exchanged 25 Mar., 1914. at 
Santiago. Effective from exchange of ratifications for five years, and thereafter 
terminable on 12 months' notice by either party, if replaced by another conven- 
tion. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. : 231-9 ; Chile Tr. 7:78-80; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 106:899-903. 

{a) Chile guarantee? free transit through its territory of foreign 
merchandise destined for Bolivia, and of Bolivian merchandise 
destined for foreign countries (Art. I); such merchandise to be 
transported in locked and sealed wagons, exempt from all inspection 
except as regards external markings, numbers, and condition of 
coverings in which the goods are packed (Art. II.) 

{h) Extensive and detailed regulatory stipulations to assure widest 
reciprocal freedom of commercial transit, while safeguarding the 
fiscal interests of both countries against evasion of customs duties 
or other frauds. (Arts. II-XV.) 

Treaty with Colombia. 
No. 127. 

Treaty of friendship hetiveen Bolivia and Colonibia. 

SIGNED 19 Mar., 1912. at La Paz. Ratifications exchanged there 20 Dec. 
1912. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT: Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. : 162-70 ; Colombia Tr. Pub. 1913:3-6: 
Spanish and German, Martens 94: 562-8; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 106: 
903-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to: 

{a) All privileges concerning commercial relations, until conclu- 
sion of a commercial treaty. (Art. XI.) 

{h) All immunities and privileges accorded to diplomatic and con- 
sular officers. (Art. XYII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to all 
civil rights (Art. Ill) ; and respecting security and guarantee con- 
ceded by the laws in regard to literary property and industrial in- 
ventions (Art. IV). 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Eeciprocal exemption of each other's citizens from all extraor- 
dinary contributions, forced loans, and military enlistments, except 
in defense of their own country. (Art. III.) 

{h) Neither country to lend aid to segregation of any portion of 
the territories of the other. (Art. XV.) 

(c) In case of conflict between either country and any third State, 
the other is to use its good offices to bring about a peaceful solution. 
If war results nevertheless, neither country shall take any part what- 
ever against the other, directly or indirectly. (Art. XIX.) 



BOLIVIA AND GERMANY. 275 

1919191 Ifimqe rfiiw -frfeSaty with Ecuador. 
dio 9i\1 to ?Jouboiq no v^i^iTJi i«'g ^ 

-' iWreaty of friendship between SlMivia atid Ecuador, 

SIGNED 17 Apr.f 1911, at La Paz. RatificatLons exchanged 23 May, 1913. at 
Quito. Duration indefinite. .,,:.,. 
TEXT: Spanish, Bolivia Tr. ' Vig.'^: 253-61 ; Martens, 94:431-4. 

■■•? ■.••■>• : ;^-- 1 ^ .^' '.■■'; ■ ■ . : : 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
.spect to commercial relations, pending conclusion of a special com- 
mercial treaty (Art. XI); also all immunities or privileges accorded 

_.^to diplomatic and consular officers (Art. XVII).,^^^-^^^^ -^ ^^,_ 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting all civil 
^..j^ights (Art. Ill) ; and regarding security of literary property and 
ypf industrial inventions (;Art.rlV). 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of each otl^er'^ piti^ens from all extraordinary con- 
g^ributions, forced lo^ns, and military enlistmeRts, except^ in defense 
^^f their own country. (Art. HI.) . ..r. , i ; /> t> s 

{h) Formal validity in either country of documents , legally exe- 

cuted in the other. (Art. VIII.) tf,9m)e,a IsnoHfiiA/j.ll ^ 

^^. \c) Neither country to lend aid. to segregation of ajiy portion ot 
the territories of the other. (Art. XY.) , ._ i . ^ , 

{di) In case pJL conflict betTYee^ ,either nation ^nd any third State, 
the other is to use its good offices to bring about a peaceful solution. 
If war results nevertheless, neither country shall take, an^. part what- 
ever against, the other, directly or indirectly, XM-ij'.- ^Tr^i-i ' 
I {e) Arbitration o^f disputes It^etween the two countri^es. (Art. 

!'^viii.) ;■ ■ ■ ' '■■^:-'"\' '■" .;:, . 

Treaty of^friendsMp'^and : b&mmeTroe MPi&mw iB^^mia and IGermcmy. 

SIGNED 22 July, 1908/at^'l^^^P^z. Ey^tiV^ 'fto& '2,^ 
. years, and thereafter terminable on- one yearns: notice byveither iparty. (Ajrt. 
XL) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1915 : 2-4 : Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. : 7-14 ; Gei*man 
:aud Spanish, Martens 89 : 284-9 ; English ( transl.) , , Bi '^B. >S, , P. 3j01 i 911^13. 

I. Most-favored-iiation treatmentf is reciprocally pleiiged with 

•regard to: .;or:h;>;^^ •■■"•■■ ^^/,Jm'.-~- 

(a) Protection of citizjens of either country in tli^' otHe'r; also ac- 
■" 'quisition of property arid exercise of industry in either country, sub- 
'''^ect to the laws and regulations of the country of residence. (Art. 



^ See p. 546, note 128. 
54083—22 19 



276 BOLIVIA AND GERMANY. 

(h) Importation, exportation, and transit, with special reference 
to import dues levied in either country on products of the other. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Any prohibitions, restricti^s, or customhouse formalities 
which either country may establish regarding importation or ex- 
portation of any articles to or from the other, except facilities which 
either country may grant exclusively to bordering States to foster 
the frontier trade. (Art. III.) 

(d) All rights, liberties, and favors which either country may 
grant to consular representatives. (Art. V.) 

(e) Exemption of citizens of either country from militar}^ exac- 
tions or requisitions in the other. (Art. IX.) ". ." ^^ 

(/) Rights and favors to be accorded to the G^rm^an merchant 
marine regarding navigation of the rivers in Bolivian territory. 

(Art. IV.) ^''-'V''!'''^ 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatmeitt (oplioiial) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to charges or taxes payable by citizens 
of either country on their goods, chattels, or property in the other. 
(Art. IX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Access to all ports of either country, and payment of rates 
or taxes in either country by citizens of the other. (Art. II.) 

(h) All assistance, rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, 
or exceptions in matters of commerce. (Art. II.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Children born of Germans in Bolivia and those born of Boliv- 
ians in Germany ma}^ choose either nationality within 12 months 
after attaining the age of 21 years (Art. VI), and are therefore not 
liable to military service below the age of 22 j^ears (Art. VII). 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
personal military service by land or sea, and from obligation to ac- 
cept political, administrative, or judicial offices (except municipal 
officers who may act without loss of their nationality), and from all 
extraordinary war contributions and forced loans. (Arts. VIII, 
IX.) 

(c) Citizens of either country shall in no case be obliged to comply 
with military requisitions or services in the other without previous 
indemnity on just an^d equitable bases. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Diplomatic representatives shall not interfere in complaints 
of private individuals concerning civil, criminal, or administrative 
matters, except in case of denial of justice, violation of treaties, and 
other contingencies stated. (Art. X.) 

See also Treaty of Versailles. No. 314. — -.,,,. ■ 



BOLIVIA AND GREAT BRITAIN. 277 

' Treaty with Great Britain. 

No. 130. JiciiJpOJ 

Treaty of cortvrwerce hetwcen Bolivia and Great Britam. 

SIGNED 1 Aug., 1911. Ratiticatioiis exchanged 5 July, 1912. Effective from 
15 July, 1912, for 10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination 
by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XVI.) Terminable separately 
on behalf of any British colony, possession or dependency which may have 
acceded thereto. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: English, B. F. S. P. 104:132-6; Hdb. 1912:39-44; Spanish, Bolivia 
Tr. Vig. : 362-72 ; English and Spanish, Martens 92 : 632-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions; hpted be- 
low), respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity whatever which 
either, country may grant in matters relating to commerce and in- 
dustry^^ in all respects. (Art. V.) 

Most-favored-natiori treattneiit is further reciprocally pledged ia 
regard to: 

{a) Any duties, charges, prohibitions or restriction^ imposed upon 
importation into either country of products of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving; except sanitary and other prohibitions designed 
to secure the safety of persons, of cattle, or of plants useful to 
agriculture. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any duties, charges or prohibitions imposed by either country 
upon exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) Appointment of consuls, and all facilities, privileges, exemp- 
tions and immunities of every kind accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. VI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) All that relates to exemption from transit duties, warehous- 
ing, bounties, facilities and drawbacks in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Any general or local taxes, charges, imposts or obligations 
of any kind whatever, imposed by either country in respect of per- 
sons, propertv, passports, commerce, or industry. (Arts. VII and 
IX.) 

(c) Equal treatment of each other's citizens as regards conditions 
and legal forms to be observed in either country in case of domicili- 
ary visits or search of dwellings, factories, shops and other premises, 
and examination or inspection of books, papers, or accounts. (Art. 
XII.) rfO'-: .nr 

III. Natfonai treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Eight of residence in any part of either country, subject to 
the laws and regulations in force, and all rights, privileges, liberties, 
favors, immunities and exemptions in matters of commerce, includ- 
ing payment of taxes or imposts relating thereto. (Art. I.) 



.\ 



278 BOLIVIA AND GREAT BRITAIN, 

{h) Exercise of civil rights in either country, with special refer- 
ence to acquisition, possession and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty of all kinds in any manner whatever, and all conditions and 
legal forms, imposts, duties or charges relating thereto; also right 
to export property or proceeds thereof if sold. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Access to courts of justice, and employment of advocates or 
others therein, and any conditions, restrictions, taxes, deposits, sure- 
ties or fees relating thereto. (Art. XII.) 

{d) All rights concerning patents for invention, trade-marks and 
designs, subject to fulfillment of formalities prescribed by the law. 
(Art, XIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Conforming to the laws in force, citizens of either country 
may travel or reside in any part of the dominions and possessions of 
the other; may hire or possess houses, factories, shops, and other 
premises; and may carry on commerce in person or by agents they 
may think fit to employ. (Art. VII.) 

(6) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military service by 
land or sea, and from obligations to accept judicial, administrative, 
or political duties or positions; except municipal functions which 
may be discharged without loss of nationality, and except jury 
service according to law. (Art. VIII.) 

{c) Neither country to exercise diplomatic intervention in case of 
private claims or complaints affecting civil or criminal matters in 
respect of which legal remedies are provided, except under condi- 
tions stated constituting denial of justice. (Art. X.), . 

V. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation stipulations of this treaty 
do not apply to special favors, exemptions, and privileges in matters 
of commerce which Bolivia may accord exclusively tp citizens or 
products of conterminous States. (Art. XIV.) . 

VI. Application to British colonies. — This treaty does not apply to 
British colonies or possessions beyond the seas, unless notice to that 
effect is given to Bolivia before July 15, 1913. Nevertheless, prod- 
ucts of any British colony, possession or protectorate are entitled 
to complete and unconditional most- favored-nation treatment in 
Bolivia so long as it accords to Bolivian products treatment as 
favorable as to those of any other country. (Art. XV.) 

For a long list of accessions of British colonies, etc. (which, how- 
ever, does not include Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, 
or British India), see B. F. S. P. 107: 356-T; also Hertslet 27 ; .T31-2. 

•' ^''afjm.u: 



BOLIVIA AND ITALY. 279 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 131. 

Treaty of friend ship, and extradition 'between Bolivia and Italy. 

SIGNED 18 Oct, 1890, at Lima. Effective from 7 Jan., 1901. for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice bj^ either party. (Art. XXXII.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Vig. : 373-86 ; Italian, Italy Tr. 12:461-9; 
Martens 68: 728-32; English. B. F. S. P. 92: 1007-12. , > 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regard- 
ing appointment of consuls, and all honors, prerogatives, immuni- 
ties, and privileges .accorded to consular agents by either country. 
(Art. II.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged to citizens of either 
country in the other respecting all rights, immunities, and privi- 
leges in matters relating to commerce, navigation, travel, payment 
of taxes, acquisition and alienation of property, protection of local 
laws, civil rights, access to courts of justice in person or through rep- 
resentatives, and assistance and care in asylums or hospitals of the 
country. (Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(ff) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from com- 
pulsory military service by land or sea, from all judicial or munici- 
pal functions, and from all military coi^tributions, loans, and requi- 
sitions, except those imposed by law on immovable property in either 
country. (Art. III.) 

(6) Stipulations of the industrial property convention of 20 Mar., 
1883, to be applied with regard to protection of industrial property 
in either country. (Art. III.) 

((?) Whenever Italian emigrants are engaged in either country 
for service in Bolivia, Bolivia undertakes to see that the contracts 
are equitable and scrupulously carried out, and to protect si^ch imipi- 
grants against every abuse and deception. (Art. V.) .!f,.i.,r!r«zo -*?> 

{d) Judgments and arbitral decisions in civil and commercial 
matters, and other specified official or voluntary acts, performed, 
pronounced, or issued in either country shall have the same validity 
in the other, on condition of conforming to procedure described. 
(Arts. XXV-XXX.) 

(e) Arbitration of controversies concerning interpretation, execu- 
tion, or violation of this treaty. (Art. XXXI.) 

(/) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to nationality and 
naturalization of citizens of either country in the other (Art. IV), 
and extradition of criminals (Arts. VI-XXIV). 



280 BOLIVIA AND JAPAN. 

Treaty with Japan. 
No. 132. 

Treaty of commerce hetween Bolivia and Japan. 

SIGNED 13 Apr., 1914, at La Paz. Ratifications exchanged 15 Mar., 1916, at 
Santiago. Effective from 22 Mar., 1916, for 10 years, and thereafter until ter- 
minated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XIII.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), Japan Tr. 1918:46-50. 

I. Most-favored -nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) re- 
specting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either country may 
grant to citizens of any other State in all that concerns commerce 
and industry ; except as otherwise expresslv provided in this treaty. 
(Art. XI.) ' 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All that relates to travel and residence, exercise of callings 
\^ and professions, and prosecution of industrial or manufacturing 
undertakings in either country. (Art. II, 1.) 

{h) Acquisition and possession of every description of immovable 
property which laws of the country permit foreigners to acquire or 
possess, on condition of reciprocity, and subject to conditions and 
limitations prescribed by said laws. (Art. II, 5.) :•/ 

{c) Appointment of consular officers and, on condition of reci- 
procity, all rights, exemptions, and immunities granted. to consular 
officers in either country. (Art. IV.) i'Jrjqitr 

{d) Customs duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other, from whatever place arriving. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Charges imposed by either country on exportati<.^i of its prod- 
ucts to the other. (Art. VI.) tiH>!uj jiiVii.Ki .iu/ikKi tti >oi7}')a -lor 

(/) Any prohibitions imposed by either 'country on importation, 
or exportation of any article from or to the other ; except prohibitions 
or restrictions imposed as sanitary meas^ures to protect animals and 
useful plants. (Art. VI.) • 

{g) Any internal duties or charges levied in either country on 
production, manufacture, or consumption. These must not bear more 
heavily on imported products of the other country 'than on. similar 
products of any other foreign origin. (Art. IX.) •lorhrnMf/ 

(A) Rights which joint stock companies and other commercial, 
industrial, and financial Companies and associations of either country 
may exercise in territories of the other. (Art. X.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

ia) All privileges, liberties, and rights in regard to possession of 
movable property of any kind, and disposal in any way whatever of 
all kinds of property lawfully acquired, including transmission by 



BOLIVIA AND JAPAN. 281 

succession of any propertj lawful!}' acquired inter vivos. (Art. II, 4.) 
(h) Any military requisitions an,d contributions imposed by either 

country on citizens of the other. (Art. II, 6.) 

(c) Payment of taxes, fees, charges, or contributions of any kind 

whatever. (Art. II, 7.) 72 ajf'/i;- 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) Right to carry on commerce and trade in all kinds of mer- 
chandise of lawful commerce in either country. (Art. II, 2.) 

(b) Exemption of dwellings and other premises used for lawful 
purposes from domiciliary visits or search, and of books, papers, or 
accounts from inspection ot examination; except under conditions 
and with legal forms prescribed by the laws- fo^p^patit^ie^^jitizens. 
(Art. III.)' ■' '- ■ ■' ■ - ^ ^ jmu,n-} :..(.. -J: ■•' . 

(c) All that relates to warehousing facilities, bounties, and draw- 
backs. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to enter and sojourn ip 
territories of the other. (Art. 11.) ■ io VK^Jrix^) iii^xjoiii^ /xiii. 

(h) Citizens of either country may '^(^Wii ot* -Mfe atid* Occupy 
houses, factories, "warehouses, shops, and premises in the other, and 
lease land for residential, commercial, industrial, and other lawful 
purposes ,*^ also carry on commerce and manufacture, and trade by 
wholesale or retail in all kinds of merchandise of lawful commerce. 
(Art. II' 3.)'^'*'^^^ ''.-'^'^^■^''l' ^->^J*>^=^ liiii/i//; ^^jqni'^zy 91B .alii/J«booi 

(c) Citizeii^ ^f either cbMti*f^aDe"&Mpt^fefftJ^^^^ 
compulsory military service by land or sea^ from all contributions 
in lieu of personal service, and from all forced loans. (Art. II, 6.) 

(d) There shall be reciprocal freedom of commerce between the 
two countries. (Art. V.) 

(e) Products of either, country passing iij transit through terri- 
tories of the other in ' accordance ' witli its laws are . reciprocally 
exempt from all transit duties, whether passing direct or unloaded, 
warehoiised^^O^d Xeloatfed.'';'^^ 

(/) Products of either country importecl into terriiories * oi the^'- 
other for Warehousing or transit are exempt from alb internal 
duties. 'i<(Arti 'lXi)i . ail, d^noiiU fim p. '^mfaBiQif^*sm^' :: 

(g) Joint -stock coitipanies' and other commercial, industrial, and 
financial companies and associations duly constituted- in either coun- 
try are authorized to exercise their rights in the other conformably 
to its lawsy'^withiispeeiali- reference to actions* in courtsiaf justice. 
(Art. X.) i^7^ .'^■3;-7-i:^;-> . . ■ •■•■ -,.. :.' \ .^ ^-.; r ■ r>. . 

V. Exceptions.— The provisions of this treaty do not apply to any> , 
special advantages which either country may grant exclusively to 
contiguous States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XII.) 



/- 



282 . B.OLIVIA AND PERUv .. ' 

Treaties with Peru. -r-.j • >iii^ 

No. 133. -'■ ('^) 

Treaty of £0?7i?7ierce and customs hetween Bolivia and Peru. 

SIGNED 27 Nov., 1905, at Lima. Effective from 1 ^uly, 1906, for five, y.ear^. .- 
and thereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from eitlier party. 

(Art. X.) ^' '■'' ' 

TEXT : Spanish, Martens S4 : 729-31 ; English ( transl. ) , B. F. , S. ; B. 100 : 

805-6. ■. ^'.'^^■■^^s,^-- , 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to any commercial advantages, immunities, or concessions; with 
special reference to taxes, duties, charges or tariffs which either 
country may impose on products of the other. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with reference to 
tolls payable on cattle of any kind destined for consumption in either 
country, when passing through territory of the other. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. • ^^ 
{a) Eeciprocal free commercial transit foi] , pijOdu^s , p| < jeither 

country through territory of the other; and for foreign products 
introduced via certain routes named. (Art. II.) Both countries, 
however, remain free to levy import or consumption taxes on .e?iQ)i: . 
other's natural or industrial products. (Art. III.) rnd oaji';>l 

(b) For mutual convenience of taxpayers in the boundary, zones- , 
of both Republics, certain named articles of common use, chiefly 
foodstuffs, are exempted (within stated quantity limits) from all 
fiscal or municipal taxes, and from the necessity of all consular a^d 
customs documents when proceeding from either country. (Art. yi.) 



Convention hetween Bolivia and Peru regulating comnierGial traffic 
via MoUendo. 

SIGNED 21 Jan., 1917, at La Paz. Effective from 1 Mar., 1917, for five years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XX.) Replaces agreement of 30 Jan. 1908 on the same matters. 

TEXT: Spanish, State Department dispatch. La Paz, 29 Apr., 1921. 

{a) Peru guarantees free transit through its territory for mer- 
chandise arriving at the port of Mollendo and destined for Bolivia,, 
and for products arriving from Bolivia for shipment at Mollendo. 
(Art. I.) 

( h ) Extensive and detailed regulatory stipulations to assure free- 
dom of commercial transit between the two countries, with. special 
reference to the port of Mollendo. (Arts. II-XIX.)jot)q90xa[ . 



BOLIVIA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 283 

Treaty with Spain. 

Treaty of recognition^ feace^t and friendship hetween Bolivia and 
Spain. 



oyfwo^; 



SIGNED 21 July 1847, at Madrid, . Duration indefinite. Revived and con- 
firmed in all respects, as from 19 Jan.. 1880', by Art. 3 of treaty of peace and 
friendship signed at Paris, 21 Aug. 1879, , 

TEXT: Spanish, Bolivia Tr. Yig;: '26^-^76 ^i^Spa^n! 8 Ifr: 7:437-8; English 
(transL), B. F. S. P., 59: 422-7. ,. , ,, ,^. «:,,.;: 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is . .Tiecigrop^lyr |pledg<ed in re- 
gard to : /:^o\^i^i>. ]rm[vij ,f?yf . 

{a) Exercise of trades and prof essions. < (Art;.;'X.), ,;:.rj. w- . 

{h) Possession, purchase, and sale of every description <]^f ; goods 
and property, real or personal, and disposal thereof or . succession 
thereto in any manner whatever, by will or otherwise. (Art. X.) 

((?) Payment of taxes on account of occupation, trade, or prop- 
erty. (Art. XI.) 

{d) Payment of duties on products, effects, or merchandise im- 
ported from or exported to either country; and payment of port 
dtiesr (AW. XII.) -be^r^r .ni>i(miT ^ ,r?^«.r ,jdO t> aciv^oi^ 

(le) Appointment of diplomatic and consular agents and all ex- ' 
emptions, privileges, and immunities accorded to them. (Artt- 
XIII.) '^^<>'>^^^'' XiJ^^'-^o'iqbo'i s! .tnt>jnlB9'ii rtoilBfi-boiovKl-jgoM .1 

II. Otiier'provisionsl X'?'^'"^^'«'*'^ •i^Jib io 3J')oi.(iiJ£ od'i^ oj lynu^^i^ /Hk 
{a) Exemption of each tJffier^s'ckizefe^ir^^' iilM 

land or sea, and from all charges, extraordinary contributions or 
forced loans. (Art. XI.) ' '. ,'";''^'!^ 

{h) Extensive provisions relating to Spain's recognition of \R6- ' 
public of Bolivia (Arts. I, II) ; complete amnesty for all citizens of 
either country (Art. Ill) ; debts and claims arising from the war 
(Arts. IV- VI) ; restoration of property to owners and indemnities 
relating thereto (Art. VII) ; and option to chooSe nationality of 
either country under conditions stiated( Art. IX).''^'^' tioqtiii 

'■ ■■■■ ■■■■'. ^ ^m;-_, :'U^\\s< '-jd'-r 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Bolivia, with -the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of. No, 5* • r 



BORNEO. 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Borneo with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 6. 

BRAZIL. 

rl' Treaties with America, United States of, to Bolivia. 

Treaties of Brazil with the following <3otmtries hstVe been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under: 
America, United States of, No. 7. 
Argentina, Nos. 53 and 54. i «i askm 

Belgium, Nos. 92' and; 93i ^ .saM-rir/q .1;^^- 

Bolivia:, No. 124;^^ii^ '^«oq< i mif>is'i<)<:l^>'ta Imt .t 

V "^ Treaty with ChinaU^ l9ftii:fili 

No. 136. ■'■ '■^:^- ""-^ JL-a!< ._.: : i;>. 

Treaty of fHe7idsMp, canvmsrce. and Tiaviqatian hetweeh Brazil aha' 
C funa. ,,5-,,,-,, ,, , -,,,;, . ,,,,,., /, 

SIGNED 3 Oct., 1S81, at Tientsin. Effective from 3 June, 1882, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on six months' notice from either party. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT. French (authentic), B. F. S. P. 72 : 560-5 ; Hertslet's China Tr. I: 
234-40; Martens 62 : 549-54 ; Portuguese, Brazil Cod. Rel. Ext. 1900, No. 19a 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally assured to the subjects of either country in the other (Art, V), 
except trading in opiuni (Art. XI V), with special reference to: ' 

(«), All rights, adya^nt ages,. and j^rivilege^rek resi- 

dence, and protection of persons or property in ^either coup^^tryi. 

\\fihM^^ PF^'^^^^¥j^?nfiff ^IJH^?.', i^^i^iti^s,; and. privileges ap- 
corded to diploniatip- and consular ag^ents. (Arts. II, III.) 

(t?) Exercise of commerce in all ports^and localities open to foreign 

yd) Import and export duties payable m open ports 01 either 
country by subjects and merchant vessels of the other, subject to 
the commercial regulations in fore^ - (;A:pt. VI.) 

(g) Treatment of warships and merchant A^essels of either country 
in ports of the other* and of vessels 'seMdng' refuge from damage or 
shipwreck. (Artsrvn;^VlII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) of 
Chinese subjects in Brazil is pledged in regard to all rights and 
privileges concerning access to courts of justice. (Art. XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(«■) Provisions concerning right of Brazilians to travel in the 
interior of China, and passports relating thereto. (Art. lY.) 
284 



BRAZIL AND COLOMBIA. 285 

(b) Both countries agree to restrain their subjects from im- 
porting opium, or trading therein in ports of either country open to 
commerce. (Art. XIV.) 

(<?) Extensive stipulations regarding civil and criminal jurisdic- 
tion in China when subjects of either country are involved. (Arts. 
IX-XIl.) 

Treaty with Colombia. 

No. 137., .:! _,^,,. 
Treaty between Brazil and Colombia regarding commerce and fl%oyia^l 
navigation. ' 'I'^ib^dft .v/rJc 'mXiK^ 

SIGNED 21 Aug., 1908, at Rio de Janeiro. Katificatious exchanged (> Aug., 
1910, at Bogota. Effective from excliange of ratifications for 10 years, and 
thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice from either party, except as to 
freedom to navigate rivers of botli countries recognized as common by the 
boundary treaty of 24 Apr., 1907,^** which is declared perpetual. (Art. XVII.) 

TEXT: Spani.sh and Portuguese, Martens 89:312-18; Spanish, Colombia Tr. 
Pub. 1913:13-19; English (trans»l.), B. F. S. P. 101:941-4: Brazil Act. Diplofla: 
2: 364. ■•.,.H.r,..-, ,:..:. .-., 



I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to any rights and exemptions concerning commerce and fluvial 
navigation recognized or conceded by either countr}^ to the States 
bordering on the Amazon or its affluents. (Art. XI Y.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of Brazilian and Colombian merchant vessels to navi- 
gate freely the rivers recognized as common to both countries by 
the treaty of 24 Apr. 1907 ^^ ; and right of Colombian vessels to navi- 
gate the Amazon and other rivers opened by Brazil to the commerce 
of all nations, and which do not form the subject of any special 
agreement between the tw^o countries; except the coasting trade 
from port to port in the same country: subject always to the fiscal 
and police regulations established iij either country (Art. I), which 
must be as favorable as possible to navigation and commerce and as 
uniform as possible in the two countries (Art. II). 

{h) Nationality of vessels to be determined by laws of each coun- 
try. (Art.^IIL)^ _^ , ' _•;-.■ .::_.aoi;.>. :..; 

(<?) No imposts to be levied on merchandise in transit t'oi5i.»the 
river Amazon in vessels of any nationality, or in transit on other 
specified rivers in Brazilian or Colombian vessels, even in the case of 
transshipments under conditions stated. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Packages containing goods, in transit shall not be opened by 
customs authorities of intermediate ports. (Art. V.) vj^ 

{e) Merchandise of foreign origin exported from either country to 
the other must pay the duties due in each country. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Schedule of tonnage dues to be collected in the river ports of 
either country (Art«>yiJI), toiireplajegitha ,Qld.>dueS: ,i|^feiy:^d to. 
(Art. VII.) ^'inummi -lo .aioTfii .as^yliTfiq 11k 'to Jjiqs'iH ni h^-c^iWui 

"• English,, B. F. S. P. 100 : 810-12 ; Portuguese, Martens 86 : 789-90 ; Brazil Act. 
Diplom. 2 : 350. 



286 BKAZIL AND JAPAN. 

{g) Exemption from tonnage dues in the following cases: 

(1) Ships and transports of war not used for transporting mer- 
chandise. (Art. IX, 1.) 

(2) Merchant vessels measuring less than thirty tons. (Art. 
IX? 2.) : j nr fK»i > 

(3) Vessels voyaging for official or purely scientific reas6ii^ oi^ 
for pleasure. (Art. IX, 3.) 

(4) Vessels landing through force majeure under conditions 
stated. (Art. IX, 4.) 

(A) Transit through either country, whether by river or land, 
cannot be subjected, directly or indirectly, to any impost whatever; 
except the capataz and warehousing dues, and the stamp and ton- 
nage dues specified. (Art. X.) f^'TVl^ "'■-"'V 

(?) Right of either country to maintain agents in specified cus- 
toms houses of the other (Art. XII), and on vessels engaged im 
transit commerce. (Art. XIII.) "^c :<: 

(y) Right of ships and transports of war of either country to 
navigate rivers in the other, within limits stated. (Art. XV.) 

(^) Arbitration of differences regarding interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XVI.) 

Treaty with Germany. 

See Treaty of Versailles, No. 314. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 138. 

Exchange of notes tetween Brazil aoncl Italy concluding a ^provisioned 

custonns tariff agreement. 

SIGNED 5 July. 1900, at Rio de Janeiro. Successively extended for two- 
year periods since 1900. Terminable on six months' notice from either party. 
TEXT : Italian, Italy Tr. 16 : 182 ; Portuguese, Brazil Act. Dipl. 2 : 282. 

Italy agrees to reduce her tariff on coffee from 150 to 130 lire per 
100 kilos, in return for the lowest Brazilian tariffs on products im- 
ported from Italy. 

Treaty with Japan. 

No. 139. 

Treaty of friendship and comraerce between Brazil and Japan. 

SIGNED 5 Nov., 1895. at Paris. Ratifications exchanged there 12 Feb., 1897. 
Effective from exchange of ratifications for 12 years, and thereafter terminable 
on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XIII.) 

TEXT: French (authentic). Martens 84: 393-6; B. F. S. P. 87: 1191-5; 
French and Portuguese, Japan Tr. 1918 : 51-9 ; Portuguese : Brazil Cod. Rel. 
Ext. 1900, No. 474 ; Act. Diplom. 2 : 222. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in respect of all privileges, favors, or immunities in matters. 

■OSS : li .mofqia 



I 



BRAZIL AND JAPAN. . 2^7 

of commerce, navigation, travel, and residence (Art. IV) ; except 
the coasting trade of both countries (Art. VIII). • 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
ixegard to: 

(a) All rights, privileges, and immunities extended to diplomatic 
and consular agents. (Art. II.) 

(b) Eight of citizens of either country to enter freely and securely, 
with their ships and cargoes, all places, ports, and rivers in the terri- 
tories and possessions of the other. (Art. III.) 

(<?) Eight of residence in all parts of either country, and to rent 
or occupy houses and shops, and trade by wholesale or retail in all 
kinds of products, manufactures, and merchandise of lawful com- 
:merce. (Art. ni:y"-"'>^^ J>^t« om^imnqw to ui^rmaioqqA 

(d) Acquisition, possession, arici 5fspoSal6f property ^6f ^11 kinds. 
(Art. III.) ^^^ 

(e) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on impor- 
:tation of products of the other. (Art. V.) 

(/) All duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country 
on exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. V.) ^d§i5-l 

(g) All matters relating to transit duties, warehousing, bounties, 
facilities, and drawbacks. (Art. VI.) 

(A) Port dues, and all dues bi* charges for tonnage, lighthouse, 
pilotage, quarantine, salvage, and other similar dues or charges, 
under whatever name, and no matter by whom or how levied in ports 
of either country on ships of the oth^er. (Art. VII:) -''> hna /iaohm 

(i) Exemption from compulsory military service by land or sea, 
billeting of soldiers and military requisitions or forced loansn- (Art. 
•:XII.) '^^rm^^ji) UiUi :-^ykjq-ib : Jm \niH ^'it}b^-^iy1M iV\ 

^'11. National treatment of subjects and citizens of either nation in 

"t^ie territories and possessions of the other is reciprocally pledged 

in regard to protection of persons and property, and access to courts 

of justice, with right to' emplov advocates or others therein. (Art. 

::5ti.) ' ■ ' - 

TIL Other provisions. — Siibjects and citizens of either country to 
enjoy in the territories and possessions of the other complete free- 
dom of conscience and of private or public worship ; also right of 
burial in accordance with their religious or national customs; subject 
Jt6 the laws and regulations in force. (Art. XI.) 



288 • BRAZIL AND TURKEY. 

Treaty with Turkey. 

No. 140. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetween Brazil and 
Turkey. 

SIGNED 5 Feb., 1858, at London. Effective from 18 May, 1858, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 njonths' notice from either party. 
(Art. XL) 

TEXT: Portuguese, Brazil Cod. Rel. Ext. 1900, No. 759; English (transl.), 

B. F. S. P. 48 : 1045-8. 

I. Favored-nation treatment (described in this treaty as treat- 
ment of "friendly " nations or powers) is reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Appointment of diplomatic and consular agents, and all 
honors, favors, immunities, assistance, and protection to be accorded 
to them in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) All rights and exemptions granted by either country to sub- 
iects of friendly nations in regard to their property and persons. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Right of subjects of either counl^y to trade freely in all 
cities, ports, and places open to foreign commerce in the other, and 
to hire houses, and warehouses for that purpose ; on paying the same 
duties and imposts as subjects of friendly powers. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Delivery to consular officers of property left by subjects of 
either country dying in the other, in conformity with the laws, regu- 
lations, and customs of the country. (Art. Y.) 

{e) Military contributions and imposts payable in either country 
by subjects of the other. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Procedure and judgment in disputes and differences arising in 
either country between subjects of the other, or between these and 
natives or foreign subjects; also in case of crimes or offenses com- 
mitted in either country by subjects of the other. (Art. VII.) 

{g) Treatment of merchant vessels of either country navigating 
the waters and entering the ports of the other o]3en to foreign com- 
merce, in all respects ; with special reference to payment of duties or 
imposts relating thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

(A) Eight of merchant vessels of either country to import into 
or export from the other all kinds of produce and merchandise of 
which importation or exportation is not prohibited by the laws and 
regulations of the country, subject to paying the same imposts and 
customhouse dues as other friendly nations. (Art. VIII.) 

(i) Proceedings to be taken in respect to property and merchan- 
dise saved from wreck of vessels of either country on coasts of the 
other. (Art. X.) 



I 



BRAZIL AND URUGUAY. 289 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Subjects of either country may travel and reside unmolested 
in all ports, cities- and places in the other. (Art. III.) 

(h) Eight of merchants of either country to manage their affairs 
in the other personally or by agents of their own choice. (Art. TV.) 

(c) Subjects of either country are. exempt in the other from all 
military service. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Tessels of either country are prohibited frpm carrying on 
coasting trade in the other; and in no case shall the flag of either 
nation be granted to vessels of the other' or to those of any other 
nation. (Art. VIII.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Brazil with the United States hav.e been previously 

dealt with in this volume under America, United States' 6'f, No. 7. 

.Giviiocf 

Treaty with Uruguay. 
No. 141. 

Treaty of commierce and navigation h^twen frazil arid Ufkguay. 

SIGNED 12 Oct., 1851, at Rio de Janeiro. Raitifications exclianged 11 Nov., 
1857, at Montevideo. Duration indefinite. .r ; 

TEXT: Portngniese, Brazil Cod. Rel. Ext. 1900. No. 774: Englif^h ( transl. ) , 
B. F. S. P. 40:1145-50. , 

I. Most-favored -nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged to the diplomatic and consular agents, and to the citi- 
zens, vessels, and natural or manufactured products of either country, 
as regards all rights, privileges, and immunities granted to any other 
country in these respects. (Art. 11.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Navigation of the Uruguay, and its affluents belonging to 
either country is declared common to both. (Art. XIV.) 

(h) Nationality of ypssels to be. determined by the laws of each 
country. (Art. III.) s'"^, '^*^" ^^i^^^iu^ io Duiaqd jnovsiq o. 

{c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all forced loans or 
military imposts or requisitions,rand from all forced military service 
of whatever kind. (Art. VI.) • v^ ■, ^ . .; - ^ ^^ 

{d) Extensive provisions relating to abolition of military confisca- 
tions (Arts. VII, VIII), ; principles to be observed by both countries 
in case either is at war with any third power (Art. X) ; contraband 
of war (Art. XI) ; piracy (Arts. Xll, XIII) ; navigation of the 
Parana, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Arts. XV-XVII) ; and perpetual 
heutrality of the Island of Martin Garcia (Art, XVIII)x*,i)(iqfi ^rfx ^^ 

,^yylju '-»iajl.t 11} bat jBoi 6 



BRITISH EMPIREV^teSRfeiT'^iil^m)^-' 
Treaties with America, Uiiited States of; to Bolivia, 

Treaties of Great Britain with tMfollow^ing countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : ri ^i>*j^j •^aiidfto^ 

America, United States of, Nos. 23 to 26. ;;n - .>.[ r.v- - ., 

Argentina, No. 57. 

Austria, No; 63; 'K* fe^J^iri 
, Austria-Hungary, No. 73. . . 
'''^-Belgium,No.l02. -^^ '/ lisBid 

Bolivia, No. 130. * ' 

Ti-ealty with Bulgaria." 
No. 142. 

Convention of eommerce^ customs duties^ and navigation hetvjeen 
Great Britain and Bulgaria. 

SIGNED 9 Dec, 1905, at Sofia. Elective from 14 .Jan., 1906, uutil 14: Jan., 
1911, and thereafter until terniinatecl by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXI.) 
.TEXT: English. Hdb. 1912 : 51-;79 j B, F. S. P. 98 : S64-91 ; French, Martens 
"-§4: 738-47. ii*i-'Oiq(->'.ri ^i lii^fniBsif «ofl«n-b9ioviil-)^oM .1 

,^^J. Most-favored-natioh tWatihent is reciprocally and uncondi- 

i,|;^nally, pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) , with regard to : 

{■a) Any favor, privilege, or reduction as regards tariffs of impart 

or export duties which either country may grant to aiiy third pbwer. 

{b) Any duties or prohibitions which either country ihay estab- 

, , li§|i r;0n importation or exportation ; except' bti sanitaJry ;' gro'uiids^, t>r 

to prevent spread of diseases of animals or diestructibii of crops, or 

,..m case of bounty-fed goods, or in view of watlike events. (Art. 

(c) Duties payai^ on merchandise oi^^Mlki^M'^fi^ '5^ 
facture on importation into the United Kingdom. (Art. V.) 

(c?) Treatment by either country of commercial 'travelers and 
their samples from the other. (Art. vtl and Annei.) ' ' 

(e) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other iii all that 
concerns the coasting trade. (Art. XII.), 

*">The application of Great Britain's treaties to the various partg :Qf. the Empire is in- 
cdlcated in these digests under the caption Application to Colonies, 
*i See p. 391, note 82. 

290 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND BULGARIA. 291 

(/) Any advantages which either country may accord to the pro- 
duce of its national fisheries. (Art. XVI.) 

II. National or inost-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) All taxes, imposts, or licenses of any kind payable by citizens 
of either country in respect to their commerce or industry in any 
part of the other. (Art. I and final protocol.) 

{h) Any charges connected with possession of landed property; 
also military exactions and requisitions incidental to ownership or 
occupation of real property. (Art. II.) 

{c) Right to exercise any industry in either country and to trade 
by wholesale or retail in any articles of lawful commerce, in person 
or by agents, singly or in partnership with foreigners or native sub- 
jects; except the following trades in Bulgaria : Village tavern keep- 
ers, apothecaries, brokers, peddlers, and hawkers. (Art III and 
final protocol.) 

{d) Right to acquire, hire, and possess houses, shops, and land in 
either country; subject to conforming to laws and regulations in 
force. (Art. III.) 

{e) Treatment by either country of subjects and goods of the other 
in all that relates to exercise of commerce and industry ; with special 
reference to whatever concerns consumption, warehousing, bounties, 
drawbacks, facilities, reexportation, transit, transshipment, and ac- 
complishment of customs formalities. (Art. IV and final protocol.) 

(/) Any internal duties levied in either country on production or 
consumption. These must not bear more heavily on products of the 
other country than on similar articles of national or other foreign 
production. (Art. VI and final protocol, giving extensive list of 
excise and octroi dues payable on various articles in Bulgaria.) 

{g) Any privileges or favors which either country may grant in 
ragard to the stationing, loading, and unloading of vessels in ports, 
roadsteads, harbors, docks, rivers, or canals, and any formalities or 
provisions applicable to merchant vessels, their crews, and cargoes. 
(Art. X.) '''>i-?i'^>'UjU':);.ii ^iiuML);iii<>;i '^•;iiH|-.i[/ i^-f i!:u.jB£jioiA ^\>) 

{Ji) Treatin&rf;"%-eitii^r'b6tintrf o^'shijDg'ii'iid'b^oMs^Wth^dther, 
iri' all respects; with special reference to tonnage, port, pilotage, 
light, and quarantine dues, and all similar duties levied on ships or 
goods in ports, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either countrv. 
(Art. XIII.) 

{i) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice in either country, and employment of advocates or others therein. 
(Decl. annexed.) 

{j) Any additional or accessory taxes payable in Bulgaria by 
British ships and goods, whether imported by water or by land. 
(Final protocol, giving extensive list of such dues.) 



54083—22 20 



292 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND BULGARIA. 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
regarding all privileges, immunities, and other favors in matters of 
commerce, industry, and navigation. (Art. I, final protocol.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Treatment of vessels and their cargoes of either country in 
ports of the other, in all respects, from whatever place arriving and 
whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes ; with 
special reference to duties, taxes, or charges of any kind, no matter 
by whom or how levied, and whether imposed on the hull of the ship 
or on the flag or cargo. (Art. VIII.) 

(l) Any dues payable by vessels of either country seeking refuge 
in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck; with special ref- 
erence to dues for salvage operations and preservation of property 
saved. (Art. XIV.) 

(c) Protection b}^ either country of subjects of the other in all 
that concerns ownership of trade and commercial marks, upon ful- 
fillment of legal formalities relating thereto. (Art. XV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
obligatory official functions (except jury service) ; and from all 
military service, exactions, and requisitions, except charges connected 
with possession of landed property. (Art. II.) 

(h) British merchandise entering Bulgaria shall pa}^ duties speci- 
fied in tariff annexed to this convention. (Art. V and table an- 
'nexed.) 

(e) Products of either country imported into the other for ware- 
housing or transit are exempt from any internal duty. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Nationality of vessels to be determined by the laws of each 
country. (Art. IX.) 

(e) No customs duties pa3^able in ports of either country by ships 
of the other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of provisions of this treaty, or concerning rates of conventional 
tariffs of either country, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XVIII and final protocol.) 

(k) Right of British shipping companies to hire offices, store- 
houses, and lands within the zone in Bulgarian ports. (Final pro- 
tocol.) 

(^) Extensive and detailed list of taxes to be levied on merchant 
vessels frequenting Bulgarian ports. (Annex.) 

(j) Declaration concerning abolition of British consular jurisdic- 
tion in Bulgaria. (Annex.) 



BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAIN AND CHINA. 293 

(k) Notes relating to storage of goods in bonded warehouses. 
(Annex.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulations of this convention do not apply to : 

(1) Advantages which either country may accord to the produce 
of national fisheries. (Art. XVI.) 

(2) State monopolies in Bulgaria on gun powder, tobacco, alcohol, 
petroleum, salt, matches, cigarette paper, and playing cards. (Final 
protocol. ) 

(h) Provisions of Articles I to XVI do not apply to : 

(1) Favors which either country may grant to adjoining States 
to facilitate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary. 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed on either country by stip- 
ulations of a customs union. (Art. XVII.) 

VI. Application to British colonies. — The stipulations of this con- 
vention are not applicable to British colonies, possessions, or pro- 
tectorates beyond the seas, unless notice to that effect was given be- 
fore 26 Nov. ^1908. 

Nevertheless, the products of any British colony, possession, or 
protectorate are entitled to complete and unconditional most-fav- 
ored-nation treatment in Bulgaria, so long as Bulgarian products 
receive in such colony, possession, or protectorate treatment as 
favorable as products of any other foreign country. 

This convention is terminable separately, on 12 months' notice, 
with regard to any colony, possession, or protectorate which may 
have adhered thereto. (Art. XX.) 

For extensive list of colonial accessions (which, however, does not 
include Australia, Canada. India, Newfoundland, New Zealand, or 
South Africa), see Hdb. 1912 : 79. 

See also Treaty of Neuilly, No. 210. 

Treaties with China. 
No. 143. 

Treaty of Nanking between Great Britain amd China. 

SIGNED 29 Aug., 1842. Ratifications exchanged 26 June, 1843. Duration 
indefinite. (Art. XIII.) 

TEXT : English, Hbd. 1912 : 83-7 ; B. F. S. P. 30 : 399^02 ; Hertslet's China 
Tr. 1 : 7-12. 

(1) Subjects of either country shall enjoy in the dominions of 
the other full security and protection for their persons and property. 
(Art. I.) 

(2) Amoy. Canton, Foochowfoo, Ningpo, and Shanghai are 
opened to residence and trade of British subjects; British consular 
officers to be appointed at each of these towns. (Art. II.) 



294 "VKiHO QKV KivxiJia xvano laaiaiMa HSixma 

(3) Cession of Island of Hong Kong to Great Britain. (Art, 

ni.) 

(4) Abolition of exclusive privileges of Hong merchants at ports 
open to British merchants, who in future shall be permitted to 
deal at all such ports with whatever persons they please. (Art. V.) 

No. 144. 

Treaty of peace^ friendship ^ and comvierce {treaty of Tientsin) be- 
tween Great Britain and China, 

SIGNED 26 June, 1858. at Tientsin. Ratifications exchanged 24 Oct., 1860. 
Duration indefinite. Tlie tariff and commercial articles of this treaty are sub- 
ject to revision at the end of each 10-year period on demand from either 
party. (Art. XXVII.) 

TEXT: English, B. F. S. P. 48:47-70; Hdb. 1912:92-107; Hertslet's China, 
Tr. I: 18-35. , 

I. Most-f avored-nation treatment is pledged by China to the Brit- 
ish Government and its subjects respecting free and equal participa- 
tion in all privileges, immunities, and advantages which China 
may grant to the Government or subjects of any other nation (Art. 
LIV) ; with special reference to privileges and immunities of British 
consular officers in any of the open ports or cities of China (Art. 
VII) ; and payment of duties on all merchandise imported or ex- 
ported by British subjects (Art. XXIV-Y). 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) The British Government and its subjects are confirmed in 
all privileges, immunities and advantages conferred on them by 
previous treaties. (Art. LIV.) 

{b) Confirmation of the treaty of 29 Aug. 1842. (Art-^I.) 

{c) Either country may appoint ambassadors or other diplomatic 
agents to the court of the other. (Art. II.) 

{d) Reciprocal privileges accorded by either country to ambassa- 
dors from the other. (Arts. Ill- VI.) 

{e) British consuls may be appointed to reside in any of the open 
ports or cities of China. (Art.. VII.) 

(/) Protection by Chinese authorities of persons teaching or 
professing the Christian religion. (Art. VIII.) 

{g) Freedom of travel in the interior granted to British sub- 
jects, under passports issued b}^ their consuls. (Art. IX.) 

(A) Opening to British subjects and their trade of three ports 
upon the Yang-Tse River; and of the ports of New Chwang, Che- 
foo, Tai-Wan, Swatow, and Kiung-Chow, with the same privileges, 
advantages and immunities as at ports already opened to trade, in- 
cluding the right of residence, buying or renting houses, leasing 
land, and building churches, hospitals, and cemeteries. (Arts. X, 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND CHINA. 295 

XI.) The port of Tientsin was likewise opened to British resi- 
dence and trade by Article IV of the convention of 24 Oct. 1860.*^ 
(^) No restrictions to be placed on British subjects by the Chinese 
Government respecting employment of Chinese subjects in any 
lawful capacity; or against hiring of boats for transport of goods 
or passengers. (Arts. XIII, XIV,) 

(j) Jurisdiction of British authorities in all questions between 
British subjects regarding rights of property or person (Art. XV) ; 
British consular jurisdiction in case of crimes committed by British 
subjects in China (Art. XVI) : consular intervention in disputes 
between British subjects and Chinese (Art. XVII). 

(k) Fullest protection by Chinese authorities of British subjects 
and their property from insult and violence. (Art. XVIII.) 

(?) Assistance to British vessels plundered by robbers or pirates 
(Art. XIX), and to shipwrecked or stranded vessels compelled to 
take refuge in Chinese ports (Art. XX). 

{?n) British and Chinese fraudulent debtors to be brought to 
justice by their respective authorities. (Arts. XXII, XXIII.) 

in) Transit dues payable in China to be published by Chinese 
authorities. Any British subject to have the option to clear his 
goods of all transit duties by payment of a single charge, after which 
such goods shall be exempt from all further inland charges what- 
soever. (Art. XXVIII.) 

(o) Detailed provisions regarding tonnage dues (Arts. XXIX- 
XXXI) ; pilotage (Art. XXXV) ; customhouse guards (Art. 
XXXVI) ; ship's papers and bills of lading (Art. XXX VTI) ; per- 
mits to discharge goods, and for landing, loading, and transship- 
ment of cargoes (Arts. XXXVIII-XL) ; port clearance (Art. XLI) ; 
mode of levying ad valorem duties on goods (Arts. XLII-XLIV) ; 
reexportation of duty-paid goods, and drawbacks (Art. XLV). 

(p) British vessels trading with Chinese ports not opened by treaty 
are liable to confiscation with their cargoes. (Art. XL VII.) 



No. 145. 

Convention between Great Britain and China relative to Burmah and 
Tibet. 

S-IONED 1 Mar., 1894, and revised 4 Feb., 1897." Ratifications exchanged 23 
Aug., 1894, and 5 June,. 1897. Duration indefinite. The arrangements regard- 
ing trade and commerce are subject to revision after 23 Aug., 1900, on demand 
from either party. Failing agreement a&. to terms of revision, the existing ar- 
rangements continue in force. (Art. XIX,) 

TEXT: English, B. F. S. P. 87: 1311-19; Hdb. 1912: 140-9; Martens 70: 
794-802. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (but limited to those parts of each other's dominions to 

*2 English, Hdb. 1912 : 116-19 ; Hertslet's China Tr. 1 : 48-53 ; B. F. S. P. 50 : 10-12. 
« English, B. F. S. P. 89 : 25-30 ; Hdb. 1912 : 150-5. 



296 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND CHINA. 

which this convention expressly relates), regarding all privileges, 
immunities, and advantages which either country may accord to sub- 
jects of any other nation (Art. XVII) : with special reference to 
privileges and immunities to be accorded to each other's consuls at 
places named (Art. XIII). 

II. National treatment is pledged by Great Britain to Chinese 
vessels carrying merchandise, ores, and minerals of all kinds, and 
coming from or destined for China, respecting conditions of naviga- 
tion on the Irrawaddy River. (Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Subject to specified prohibitions regarding trade in munitions 
of war (Art. X), opium and spirituous liquors (Art. XI), Great 
Britain consents to duty-free admission of Chinese products (except 
salt) by land into Burmah until 23 Aug., 1900: and for the same 
period consents to duty-free export of British manufactures and 
Burmese products (except rice) to China by land. The duties on 
salt and rice so imported and exported not to be higher than when 
imported or exported by sea. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) China consents that until 23 Aug., 1900, the duties on goods 
imported into China by overland routes shall be those of her mari- 
time customs diminished by three-tenths ; and that the duties on goods 
exported from China by the same routes shall be those of the same 
general tariff diminished by four-tenths. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Trade between Burmah and China in specified munitions of 
war is prohibited, save at the requisition of the Government desiring 
their importation. (Art. X.) 

(d) Prohibition of importation and exportation of opium and 
spirituous liquors across the land frontier of Burmah and China; 
and prohibition of exportation from China into Burmah of cash, rice, 
pulse, and grains of every kind. (Art. XL) 

(e) Provisions relating to passports between Burmah and China. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(/) Additional British consuls may be stationed at places named, 
and British subjects may trade there under the same conditions as 
at treaty ports. (Art. XIII.) 

(g) Designation of additional ports of call for goods and pas- 
sengers. (Agrt. of 4 Feb., 1897,*^ Special article.) 

« English, B. F. S, P. 89: 25-30; Hdb. 1912: 150-5. 



.<1-0gt:2tC£ ,cf5H ; OS-ci 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN, AND CHINA. 297 

No. 146. 

Treaty between Great Britain and China respecting conunercial re- 
lations^ etc. 

SIGNED 5 Sept., 1902, at Sliaiigliai. Ratitications exchanged 28 July, 1903, 
at Peking. Duration inclefliiite. Subject to revision every 10 years on demand 
from either party. (Art. XV.) 

TEXT; English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 95: 39-55; Hdb. 1912: 181-99; 
Hertslet's China Tr. I: 171-88. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China to prod- 
ucts of British dominions, by whomsoever imported, respecting any 
future tariff concession which China may accord to products of any 
other 'State. (Art. XV.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Drawback certificates issued by Chinese customs to be valid 
for payment of import and export duties, and to be payable in cash 
under conditions stated. (Art. I.) 

(Z>) Uniform Chinese coinage to be legal tender in payment of all 
duties, taxes, and other obligations throughout China, (x^rt. II.) 

{c) Duties and likin on goods carried by junks from Hongkong 
to treaty ports in Canton Province shall together not be less than 
duties on similar goods carried by steamer. (Art. III.) 

{d) Subjects of either country may hold shares in joint stock 
companies of the other on a footing of perfect equality, as far as 
mutual obligations are concerned. (Art. IV.) * mji - 

{e) Improvement of navigation of the Canton and the upper 
Yang-tsze Rivers. (Art. V.) 

(/) Faciliites for bonding and repacking merchandise in bond at 
open ports. (Art. VI.) 

{g) Protection and registration of British trade-marks in China. 
(Art. VII.) 

(A) Abolition by Cliina of likin and of othef internal taxes on 
foreign trade, and substitution therefor of surtaxes on imports and 
exports, and of a consumption tax on Chinese products not intended 
for export ; all on condition that other powers 'entitled to most-fav- 
ored-nation treatment in China enter into the same engagement. Such 
surtax on foreign imports shall in no case exceed one and a half 
times the import duty, and payment of duty and surtax shall secure 
for foreign imports complete immunity from all other taxation. 
The total duty on native produce for export shall under no circum- 
stances exceed seven and one-half per cent ad valorem.' Procedure 
specified in detail. (Art. VIII, sees. 1-16, and Annex A and B.) 

{i) Promise by China to revise mining regulations, with a view to 
encouraging mining enterprises. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Rules 'regarding steam navigation of inland waters of China : 
ports of call opened on the West River. (Art. X and Annex C.) 



298 B^KITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND COLOMBIA. 

(k) Prohibition of imports of morphia into China, except for 
medical purposes in the manner specified. (Art. XI.) 

(I) Promise by Great Britain to abandon her exterritorial rights 
after satisfactory reformation of China's judicial system. (Art. 
XII.) 

(in) Promise by Great Britain to join in a future international 
commission for investigation of the missionary question to secure 
peace between converts and nonconverts. (Art. XIII.) 

(n) China may prohibit export of rice or grain from districts 
where scarcit}^ or famine is expected. (Art. XIV.) 

(o) Existing treaties between the United Kingdom and China con- 
tinued in force, so far as not modified hj this treaty. (Art. XV.) 

Treaty with Colombia. 
No. 147. 

Treaty of friendship^ eoniTnerce^ and navigation tetween Great Brit- 
ain and Oolomhia. 

SIGNED 16 Feb., 1866. Ratifications exchanged 17 Oct., 1866. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' 
notice from either party. (XXII.) 

TEXT : English and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 56 : 13-29 ; Spanish, Colombia Tr. 
Pub. 1883 : 105-17 ; English. Hdb. 1912 : 217-26. 

I. Most - favored - nation treatment is reciprocally pledged 
throughout the dominions and possessions of both countries (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) in regard to : 

{a) Terms and conditions regarding free and secure access with 
ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers open to foreigners 
in either country. (Art. II.) 

(6) Duties or prohibitions imposed upon importation into either 
country of products of the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) Duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country on 
exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to diplo- 
matic and consular officers by either country. (Art. XIII.) 

{e) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, every 
description of property in any manner whatever, subject to condi- 
tions established by laws of the country for all foreigners. (Art. 
XVII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) All rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and ex- 
emptions in matters of commerce and navigation (Art. II) ; except 
the coasting trade of both countries (Art. IX). 



BRITISH EMPIEE : GREAT BRITAIN AND COLOMBIA. 299 

{l)) All that relates to transit tracle. warehousing, bounties, fa- 
cilities, and drawbacks. (Art. V.) 

{c) All articles which may be legally imported into, or exported 
from, either countr}?- in its own vessels, may likewise be imported 
or exjDorted in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
for any destination; without paying other or higher duties or 
charges of any kind, and subject to the same bounties and drawbacks, 
as when carried in national vessels (Art. YI) ; except coasting 
trade (Art. IX). 

{d) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, 
and all similar or corresponding duties of whatever nature, no mat- 
ter by whom or how levied in ports of either country on ships oi 
the other, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion. (Art. YII.) 

{e) All privileges in regard to stationing, loading, and unloading 
of vessels in the ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, harbors, or rivers oJ 
either country (Art. VIII) ; except coasting trade (Art. IX). 

(/) Any duties imposed on vessels of either country loading or 
unloading foreign cargoes at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage. (Art. IX.) 

{g) All rights relating to trade-marks and designs of every de- 
scription applicable to articles of manufacture. (Art. XII). 

{h) All general and local taxes, and all imposts or obligations of 
whatever kind, imposed by either country in respect of persons, 
property, commerce, and industry, or in respect to passports and 
licenses for residence and establishment. (Art. XIV.) 

{i) All imposts, duties, or charges concerning acquisition, pos- 
session, and disposal of, or succession to, property of all kinds in any 
manner whatever, including export thereof or of proceeds if sold; 
also as regards manner of succession to property and legal forms re- 
lating thereto; and treatment of inherited property in absence of 
heirs and representatives. (Art. XVII.) 

{j) All rights and privileges concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice and employment of advocates or others therein. (Art. XVIII.) 

{h) Any charges or demands made by either country upon prop- 
erty or effects of citizens of the other, in case of rupture or war 
between the two countries. (Art. XIX.) 

{I) Any dues, duties, or charges payable by warships or merchant 
vessels of either nation seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck 
in waters or ports of the other; salvaged merchandise being exempt 
from all customs duties unless cleared for consumption. (Art. XX.) 



300 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN A:^rD COLOMBIA. 

III. Other provisions, 

{a) Any import duty levied ad valorem in either country shall 
be calculated on value of the object at place of production, adding 
€ost of transport, insurance and necessary commission to the port of 
discharge. Written declarations of value to be made by importers 
at the customhouse. In case the valuation thus declared is deemed 
insufficient, customhouse authorities may, within 15 days following 
such declaration of value, take the goods on paying importers the 
value declared, plus 5 per cent. (Art. XI.) 

{h) Citizens of either nation to enjoy in the other complete liberty 
of conscience and religious belief, and undisturbed exercise of re- 
ligion in private houses, churches, or other places destined for wor- 
ship; also right to establish and maintain cemeteries, subject to the 
laws of the country. (Art. XV.) 

{c) Exemption of each others citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service whatever, by land or sea, and from all contributions 
imposed as compensation therefor; also from forced loans and mili- 
tary exactions or requisitions, and from all judicial and municipal 
functions whatever. (Art. XYI.) 

{d) Dwellings, factories, warehouses, shops, and other premises 
destined for residence or commerce in either country and belonging 
to citizens of the other, also their books, papers, and accounts are 
exempt from examination or inspection, except upon legal warrant 
or written order of a tribunal or other competent authority. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

{e) In case of rupture or war, citizens of either country residing 
in the other may remain and continue their occupation or trade 
freely and securely so long as they behave peaceably and observe the 
laws; their property of every description to be exempt from seizure, 
detention, or sequestration. In case they decide to leave the coun- 
try, they are allowed from six to twelve months to wind up their 
accounts and dispose of their property, and shall have a safe conduct 
to a port of their own selection. (Art. XIX.) 

IV. Exceptions.— Most-favored-nation treatment and national 
treatment provisions in Articles I to VIII of this treaty do not 
apply to the coasting trade, which remains subject to the particular 
laws of each country. (Art. IX.) 

V. Application to British colonies. — This treaty is terminable by 
12 months' notice from either party separately in respect to Canada, 
Australia,** New Zealand, South Africa, and Newfoundland. (Pro- 
tocal, 20 Aug., 1912.*^) 

*^Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Islands) has withdrawn as from 15 Apr., 1914. 
(Hertslet 27: 100.) 
^ English, Ildb. 1912 : 226 ; B. P. S. P. 107 : 358 ; Hertslet 26 : 90. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND COSTA RICA. 301 

Treaty with Costa Rica. 
No. 148. 

'Treaty of friendship^ coimnerce^ and navigation hePween Great 
BHtain and Costa Rica. 

SIGNED 27 Nov., 1849. Ratifications exchanged 20 Feb.. 1850. Duration 
indefinite. Articles V, VI. and YII ( relating to duties, bounties, drawbacks, 
and prohibitions regarding" imports and exports, and dues or local charges on 
shipping), being terminable separately (Art. XV), were terminated 26 Nov., 
1897. 

TEXT : English and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 37 : 20-32 ; Martens 43 : 650-65 ; 
Spanish, Costa Rica Tr. 1907: 101-11; English, Hdb. 1912: 233-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms throughout the territories, dominions, 
and settlements of either country (Arts. Ill, IV), in respect of any 
favor, privilege, or immunity which either party may grant in mat- 
ters of commerce and navigation (Art. IV) : except the coasting trade 
of both countries (Art. II). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Free and secure access with ships and cargoes (including mail 
^boats and warships) to all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign- 
ers in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to dip- 
lomatic and consular offices by either country. (Art. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) Eight of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or otherwise, without being obliged to employ 
'brok&rs, interpreters, etc., other than those employed by native citi- 
zens, or to pay other or higher remuneration than native citizens 
pay. (Art. VIII.) 

{h) All rights and privileges concerning protection of persons 
and property, including open access to courts of justice and em- 
ployment of advocates or others therein. (Art. VIII.) 

(<?) All privileges, liberties, rights, duties, and imposts relating 
to police of the ports; loading and unloading of ships; safety of 
merchandise, goods and effects; administration of justice; and ac- 
quisition or disposal of, or succession to. property of every kind in 
any manner whatever. (Art. IX.) nua)^ 

{d) Payment of ordinary charges, requisitions, and taxes in either 
country (Art. X) ; also any demands made upon property for mili- 
tary purposes, or in case of rupture or war between the two coun- 
tries (Art. XII). 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Citizens of either country may reside in any part of the other 
^pen to foreigners, and may hire and occupy houses and warehouses, 
with complete protection and security for commerce in all respects; 
subject always to the laws and statutes of the country. (Art. II.) 



302 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND DENMARK. 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service whatever, by sea or land, and from all forced loans and 
military exactions or requisitions. (Art. X.) 

(c) In case of rupture or war, citizens of either country residing 
in the other may remain and continue their trade or employment 
without interruption so long as they behave peaceably and commit 
no offense against the laws. In case they decide to leave the coun- 
try, they have from 6 to 12 months to wind up their accounts and 
dispose of their property, which shall not be liable to seizure or 
sequestration. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Freedom of religious belief and worship, and right to estab- 
lish and build churches, chapels, and cemeteries. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) Costa Rica agrees to cooperate with Great Britain for total 
abolition of the slave trade. (Art. XIV.) 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This treaty is terminable by 
either party at any time on 12 months' notice separately with respect 
to Canada, Australia,*® New Zealand, South Africa, and Newfound^ 
land. (Protocol, 18 Aug., 1913.^0 



See No. 257. 



Treaty with Czechoslovakia. 

Treaty with Denmark. 
No. 149. 



Treaty of peace and commerce between Great Britain and Den- 
mark. 

SIGNED 13 Feb., 1660-1. Duration indefinite. Renewed and confirmed by 
Article XIII of treaty of peace, signed 14 Jan., 1814. (B. F. S. P. 1:234-^4.) 
TEXT: English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 1: 375-81; Hdb. 1912: 241-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms with regard to : 

{a) All liberties, immunities, and privileges relating to residence, 
commerce, navigation, fishing, and trading in either country; with 
special reference to customs, tributes, tolls, and other duties; except 
special favors granted by Denmark to Swedes. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) Any agreements, covenants, exemptions, or privileges better 
than those contained in this treaty which either party may grant to 
the Dutch or to any other nation whatever, except only special favor& 
granted by Denmark to Swedes. (Art. XXIV.) 

II. Most-favored -nation treatment is pledged by Denmark in re- 
gard to dispatch and discharge of British vessels at Elsinore; ex- 

*« Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island) has withdrawn, as from 11 Sept.., 1915. 

<Hertslet27: 100.) ' ^'^^x^' 

« English, Hertslet 27: 101 ; G. B. T. S. 3913, No. 16, Cd. 7097. vo dliw 



BRITISH EMPIRE .* GREAT BRITAIN AND DENMARK. 303 

cept privileges obtained of old by inhabitants of certain places. (Art. 
XXIII.) 

III. Other provisions of this treaty relate to freedom of commerce 
(Arts. VI, VII) ; wrecks and salvage (Arts. YIII, XV) ; vessels in 
distress (Art. XIV) ; administration of justice (Art. XVI) ; timber 
trade (Art. XVIII) ; suppression of piracy (Art. XIX) ; access of 
vessels to ports (Art. XX) ; and payment of Sound dues (Art. 
XXII). 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This treaty is terminable 
by either party at any time on 12 months' notice, with respect to 
Canada, Australia *^ (with Papua and Norfolk Island), New Zealand, 
South Africa, and Newfoundland. (Decl. 9 May, 1912.*^) 



No. 150. > 

Treaty of "peace and commerce hetioeen Grea.f Britain oMd Demnark. 

SIGNED 12 July, 1670. Duration indefinite. Renewed and confirmed by 
Article XIII of the treatv of peace signed 14 Jan., 1814. (Frencti and English, 
B. F. S. P. 1:234-43.) 

TEXT: English (transl. from Latin original), B. F. S. P. 1: 381-99: Hdb. 
1912 : 249-69. Si •JOil 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to any articles, agreements, exemptions, or privileges better than 
those contained in this treaty which either party may grant to the 
Dutch or to any other nation whatever, except only special favors 
granted by Denmark to Swedes. (Art. XL.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Importation of all kinds of commodities into ports of either 
nation by subjects of the other. (Art. VII.) 

{h) Payment of customs, tributes, tolls, and other duties, and all 
liberties, immunities, and privileges relating to residence, commerce, 
navigation, fishing, trading, and all other things, except special 
favors granted by Denmark to Swedes. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Duties payable on merchandise landed by British subjects at 
Elsinore only for storage and reexportation, or landed at British 
ports for the same purpose by Danish subjects. (Art. XIII.) 

II. Other provisions relate to: 

{a) Disposal of intestate estates in either country, the Consul or 
Minister having right of possession. (Art. XV.) 

(5) Freedom of citizens of either country to reside in the other 
for purposes of wholesale trad^. (Art. XVII.) 

*s Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island) has withdrawn as from S Feb., 1915. 

(Hei'tslet 27 : 102.) - - ^_- 

*» English, Hertslet 26 : 102-3. ^«'^ <f'"'' \'?nrr-r- '„"• 



304 BRITISH EMPLEE: GEEAT BEITAIN and DENMARK. 

(c) Customs duties to be paid according to the printed tariff an- 
nexed to treaty. (Art. XVIII and annex.) 

(d) Passports and certificates to be in the form specified. (Art. 
XX.) 

(e) Speedy administration of justice according to laws of each 
country. (Arts. XXII, XXIV.) 

(/) Assistance to each other's vessels in case of damage or ship- 
wreck. (Art. XXV.) 

(g) Freedom of vessels and their cargoes, officers, or crews from 
arbitrary arrest or seizure. (Art. XXVI.) 

(h) Permission to merchants, mariners, etc., to bear arms. (Airt* 
XXVII). 

({) Free access to ports for merchant vessels, and a restricted 
number of warships. (Art. XXX.) 

(i) Appointment of diplomatic and consular officers. (Art. 
XXXVIII.) 

(A) All former treaties to continue in force, so far as not con- 
trary to this treaty. (Art. XLI.) 

(l) Numerous special provisions relating largely to duties of either- 
nation when the other is at war. (Arts. XXXI- VII.) 

III. Application to British colonies. — This treaty is terminable 
on 12 months' notice by either party in respect to Canada, Australia,^^ 
New Zealand, South Africa, and Newfoundland. (Decl. of 9 May,- 
1912.^1) 



No. 151. 

Convention of conbmerce hetioeen Great Britain and Denmark. 

SIGNED 16 June, 1824, at London. Effective for 10 years, and thereafter 
until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VII.) 
TEXT : English and French, B. F. S. P. 12 : 44-9 ; Hdb. 1912 : 274-7. 

I. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : i i y 
(a) All duties or charges on vessels of either country entering or 
departing from ports of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Any products of either country which may be imported into 
or exported from either country in its own vessels, may in like 
manner be imported or exported in ships of the other. (Art. II.) 

(c) Foreign goods (i. e. products of third countries) which can^ 
be legally imported into either country in vessels of the other shall 
be subject only to the same duties as when brought in ships of the 
importing country. (Art. III.) 

(d) Any merchandise which can legally be imported into or ex- 
ported from either country shall when carried in ships of the other 

s" Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island) has withdrawn, as from 7 Feb., 1915. 
(Hertslet 27 : 102.) 
^ Hertslet 26 : 102-3. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND EGYPT. 305 

be admitted at the same rate of duty, and be entitled to the same 
bounties, drawbacks, and licenses, as when carried in national ves- 
sels. (Art. IV.) 

(e) No preference shall be given by the Government, nor in its 
behalf or under its authority, directly or indirectly, in the purchase 
of any products of either country imported into the other, on ac- 
count of the character of the vessels importing the same. (Art. V.) 

(/) Duties levied by either country on personal property of sub- 
jects of the other, upon removal thereof from the country, by in- 
heritance or otherwise. (Addl. art.) ^ iBfioiiitvl 

n. Application to colonies. — The colonies of both countries' (in- 
cluding Grreenland, Iceland, and the Ferroe Islands) are excluded 
from the provisions of this convention. (Art. VI and addl. art.) 

Treaty with Egypt. 
No. 152. 

Comme7'cial comvention hetv:een Great Britain and Egypt. 

SIGNED 29 Oct., 1889. at Cairo. Effective from 1 Jan., 1890, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 montlis' notice from either party. (Art. 
XTI.) 

TEXT: English, Hdb. 1912: 283-92; English and French, B. F. S. P. 81: 

1274-89. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either party may 
grant to natives of any other State in matters relating to commerce 
and navigation. (Art. IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on impor- 
tation of products of the other from whatever place arriving, except 
sanitary and other prohibitions designed to protect the safety of 
persons or of cattle, or of plants useful to agriculture. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country 
against exportation of any article to the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) Compensatory duties which either country may impose on 
imports from the other equivalent to excise taxes or inland duties 
imposed on similar articles of domestic production. (Art. IX.) 

II. National or most -favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Any restrictions or duties which either country may impose on 
ships of the other regarding importation or exportation of any 



306 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND EGYPT. 

articles from whatever place arriving and whatever the place of their 
origin. (Art. V.) 

(h) Application to British subjects of any regulations and tariffica- 
tions concerning articles not limited to the Egyptian import duty 
noted below under IV h. (Art. YI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
exemptions in matters of commerce and navigation and payment of 
taxes Or imposts relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Access with ships and cargoes to all places and ports open to 
natives in either country. (Art. I.) 

(h) Treatment by either country of ships of the other in all matters 
connected with navigation in every respect from whatever place ar- 
riving and whatever the origin or destination of the cargoes, with 
special reference to pilotage and local treatment, dues, and charges 
in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors, except the coasting 
trade and interior navigation of either country. (Art. V.) 

(c) Application to subjects and merchandise of either country by 
customs authorities of the other of the regulations concerning special 
taxes and accessory customs duties, such as dues for porters, ware- 
housing, depositing, weighing, measuring, and similar remuneratory 
dues (Art. IX) ; also all regulations concerning supervision of ships, 
fines, penalties, smuggling, etc. (Art. XII,) 

IV. Other provisions. . -|+- 

(a) Nationality of vessels to be reciprocally recognized in accord- 
ance with the laws of each country. (Art. Y.) 

(h) Specified British products to pay ad valorem duties not, exceed- 
ing 10 per cent on importation into Egypt. (Arts. YI, YTI.) 

(c) Export duties levied in Egypt not to exceed 1 peri^cen^^ad 
valorem. (Art. YIII.) rt.i: 

(d) Merchandise to be transshipped is free from all import or ex- 
port duties, except articles intended for the use of vessels which ship 
them. (Art. YIII.) 

, (e) Right of Egyptian municipalities and communes to levy octroi 
and excise duties on drinks, liquids, victuals, fodder, combustibles, 
and building materials. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission of com- 
mercial travelers' samples, subject to customs formalities relating 
thereto. (Art. X.) 

(g) Personal effects of consular officers (as defined) are exempt 
from all control of Egyptian customs, and from payment of import 
or export duties. (Art. XI.) 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND ETHIOPIA. 307 

(h) Detailed provisions concerning customs valuations (Arts. VI, 
YII), suppression of fraud and smuggling, and search of houses 
and ships (Art. XII). 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this convention do not apply to : 

(1) Tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, hashish, arms, muni- 
tions, gunpowder, and explosive material. (Art. II.) 

(2) Any special arrangement between Egypt and other parts of 
the Ottoman Empire under the direct administration of the Porte, 
or between Egypt and Persia. (Art. XIII, 1.) 

(3) Arrangements which Egypt may make for exchange of native 
or foreign merchandise with the Sudan. (Ibid., 2.) 

( h ) Articles I to V do not apply to the coasting trade and interior 
navigation, which remain subject to the respective laws of the two 
countries. (Art. V.) 

VI. Application to colonies. — This convention does not apply to 
any British colony, possession, or protectorate beyond the seas, unless 
notice to that effect was given by Great Britain before IT Dec, 1908, 
and is terminable separately at any time on 12 months' notice on be- 
half of any British colony, possession, or protectorate which may 
have acceded thereto. (Agrt. of 16 Dec, 1907.^^) 

For a long list of accessions (which includes India, New Zealand, 
and Newfoundland, but not Canada, Australia, or South Africa), 
see B. F. S. P. 102 : 74-5 ; Hertslet 25 : 241-2 ; 27 : 808. 

Treaty with Ethiopia (Abyssinia). 
No. 153. 

Treaty betiveen Great Britain and EtMopia.{Ahyssmia). 

SIGNED 14 May, 1897. at Addis Abbaba. Duration indefinite. 
TEXT: English. B. F. S. P. 89: Bl-t : French transl. (authentic), B. F. 
S. P. 89 : 34-5 ; Hdb. 1912 : 296-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment. — The Eni,peror of Ethiopia ac- 
cords to Great Britain and her colonies, in respect of import duties 
and local taxation, every advantage which he may accord to the 
subjects of other nations. (Art. IV.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) The subjects and protected persons of either country shall 
have full liberty to come and go and engage in commerce in the 
other, enjoying the protection o£ the Government; but armed bands 
may not cross the frontier without previous authorization from the 
competent authorities. (Art. I.) 

{!)) The caravan route described shall remain open throughout 
its whole extent to the commerce of both nations. (Art. III.) 

s- English, B. F. S. P. 100 : 493. 
54083—22 21 



308 BRITISH EMPIEE : GREAT BRITAIN AND FRANCE. 

(c) All material destined exclusively for service of the Ethiopian 
State shall be admitted through the port of Zeyia into Ethiopia free 
of duty. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Transit of arms and munitions of war for the Emperor of 
Ethiopia through territory under British control is authorized, sub- 
ject to conditions prescribed by the general act of Brussels, signed 
2 July, 1890.^^ (Art. V.) 

Treaties with France. 
No. 154. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Greo.t Britain and 
France. ; , 

SIGNED 26 Jan., 1826. Denounced by France on 10 Sept., 1918, and now 
terminable bv three months' notice from either party. (Art. VII; G. B. T. S. 
1919, No. 10, Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT: English and French, B. F. S. P. 13:3-12; English, Hdb. 1912 : .307- 
12; French, Martens 14 (pt. 2) : 884-90. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment of each other's vessels is re- 
ciprocall}^ pledged in the intercourse of navigation between the two 
countries. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) All duties of tonnage, harbor, lighthouse, pilotage, quaran- 
tine, and all similar or corresponding duties, levied by either country 
on ships of the other coming from or departing for either of the two 
countries, or from or to any place if in ballast. (Art. I.) 

{h) Merchandise legally importable into either country from the 
other in vessels of the latter shall not be subject to higher duties 
than if brought in ships of the importing country. (Art. II.) 

(c) All merchandise legally exportable from either country shall 
pay the same duties of exportation, and be entitled to the same boun- 
ties, drawbacks, and other similar allowances, whether exported in 
vessels of either nation, provided said vessels proceed direct from 
ports of one country to those of the other. (Art. III.) 

{d) Duties payable by vessels of either nation importing products 
of their home country or of its dominions into colonies of the other, 
including duties imposed on the merchandise itself (except colonies 
of the East India Co., and merchandise not allowed to be imported 
into the colonies, or importable only from dominions of the Mother 
Country; and except also Canada and Australia as noted below) ; 
Great Britain reserving the right to add to the limited list of articles 
importable into British colonies only in British ships, such addi- 
tional products of French dominions as may be necessary for plac- 
ing the commerce and navigation with each other's colonies on a 
footing of fair reciprocity. (Addl. art. I.) 

5« French, B. P. S. P. 82 : 55-81 ; Martens 66 : 3-29. Abrogated by convention of 
10 Sept. 1919, as between the parties to the latter, except as noted in this volume under 
No. 502. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND FRANCE. 309 

(e) Duties, bounties, drawbacks, and other similar allowances 
relating to exports from colonies of either country in ships of the 
other; except colonies of the East India Co., and except merchandise 
exportable onl}^ in A^essels of the Mother Country. (Addl. art. II.) 

III. Other provisions. — Fishing boats of either country seeking 
shelter in ports or on coasts of the other are exempt from all duties 
of port charges, on condition of not receiving or discharing cargo. 
(Art. V.) 

IV. Exceptions and reservations. 

(a) As products of Asia, Africa, and America could not then be 
imported into the United Kingdom in French vessels, nor imported 
from France in vessels of any nationality for home consumption, but 
only for warehousing and reexportation, France reserved the right 
to impose corresponding restrictions regarding importation of prod- 
ucts of those countries into France. (Art. II.) 

(h) As products of European countries could be imported in 
British ships into France for consumption only from some port in 
the Ignited Kingdom, Great Britain reserved the right to impose 
corresponding restrictions regarding importation of European prod- 
ucts in French vessels. (Art. II.) 

V. Application to British colonies. — The two additional articles 
cited under II d-e above shall not apply to Canada, and shall be 
terminable by Great Britain on 12 months' notice in respect to Aus- 
tralia,^* New Zealand, South Africa, and New Foundland. (Protocol, 
6 July, 1912.55) 

No. 155. 

Convention hetween Great Britain and France to regulate commer- 
cial and maritime relations. 

SIGNED 28 Feb., 1882. Ratifications exchanged 12 May. 1882. Denounced 
by France on 10 Sept., 1918, and now terminable by three months' notice from 
either party. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 10, Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT: French and English, B. F. S. P. 73: 22-31; Martens 58: 659-66; 
English, Hdb. 1912 : 314-19 ; French, Clercq 13 : 336-41. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
in regard to all favors, immunities, or privileges which either party 
may concede in matters of commerce and industry. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All that relates to transit, warehousing, exportation, . reexpor- 
tation, local dues, brokerage, customs formalities, and samples; also 

^Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island) has withdrawn, as from 28 Nov., 1918. 
(Hertslet 27 : 112.) 
^5 English, Hdb. 1912 : 378 ; English and French, B. F. S. P. 105 : 271-2. 



310 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AXD FRAISTCE. 

residence, and exercise of commerce, industry, callings, or profes- 
sions; payment of taxes or other imposts; and all legal rights and 
privileges, including the acquiring, holding, and power of disposing 
of i^roperty. (Arts. I, II.) 

(h) Any prohibition of importation or exportation enforced by 
either country against the other. (Art. III.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject to excep- 
tions noted below) in regard to: 

(a) Duties of octroi, excise, and internal consumption payable in 
either country on imported products of the other. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving, and whatever the ]:)lace of 
origin or destination of the cargoes. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Local treatment of each other's vessels regarding all privi- 
leges, favors, or advantages granted to national vessels and their im- 
port or export cargoes, with special reference to tonnage, landing, or 
shipping dues, whether levied by the State, towns, or corporate bod- 
ies ; and all that relates to placing, loading, and unloading of vessels ; 
also dues or charges in ports, docks, waters, or rivers of either coun- 
try ; and formalities or regulations to which merchant ships and their 
crews or cargoes are subject. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Protection of each other's citizens in regard to rights of prop- 
erty in trade-marks, patterns, and designs, and other distinctive 
marks showing origin or quality of goods. (Art. X.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Goods of all kinds passing to or from France and Algeria 
from or to the United Kingdom are free from all transit duties in 
either country; but the right is reserved of excluding from transit 
arms and munitions of war and spurious imitations. (Art. II.) 

(h) Both countries reserve right to prohibit or restrict imports, 
exports, or transit of merchandise in case of war, or w^henever neces- 
sary on sanitary grounds, or to prevent spread of cattle diseases or 
destruction of crops. (Art. II.) 

(c) Detailed provisions regarding duty-free admission of com- 
mercial travelers' samples and patterns. (Art. VI.) 
l^{d) Exemption of each other's citizens from military service and 
requisitions, forced loans, and other exceptional contributions, except 
when imposed on landed property. (Art. XI.) 

IV. Exceptions.— The provisions of this convention do not ap- 
ply to: 

(a) Customs tariffs on products of either country imported into 
the other ; these being regulated by internal legislation on both sides. 
(Art. I.) 



BEITTSH empire: GEEAT BETTAIN AND FEAXCE. 311 

(h) The coasting trade and fisheries of both countries. (Art. IX.) 
V. Application to colonies. — This convention, applies in terms only 
to the United Kingdom. France, and Algeria. 



Xo. 156. 

^'o'nrent^o/i heticeeri GreoJ' Brit ahi- and Fraoice relative to Tunis. 

SIGNED IS Sept.. 1S97. Ratilications exchanged 15 Oct.. 1897. Duration 
indetinite, except that Article^ II is teiminabie after 1912, on six months' notice 
hv. either party. , ,,,,-;:... , , ., . 

TEXT : French' aiid English, B. F. S. P.' 89 : '4{>^^ ;;'Mai*tens, 75 : 462-3 ; Eng- 
lish, Hdb. 1912 : 322-4 : French. Clercq 20 : 631^-2.! ; ■ ^ ' : 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment, as stipulated by treaties and 
conventions in force between the two countries, is extended to Tunis; 
the lowest customs tariffs beinir reciprocally guaranteed, as between 
the United Kingdom and' Tunis, for a period of forty years (i.e., until 
15 Oct., 1937) ; except that most-favored-nation treatment of the 
United Kingdom in Tunis does not comprise the treatment enjoyed 
b}^ France. (Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Treaties and conventions of every kind in force between 
France and Great Britain are extended to Tunis. (Art. I.) 

{h) Great Britain agrees not to claim for its consuls, subjects, 
or establishments in Tunis other rights and privileges than those 
secured for it in France, (Art. I.) 

(c) British cotton goods to be subject in Tunis to import duties 
not exceeding 5 per cent ad valorem, and to no other tax or im- 
post whatsoever. (Art. II.) 



Xo. 15 



Agreement hetween Great Britain and France concerning coimnercial 
relations heticeen Fraiice and Zanzibar. 

SIGXED 27 Jnne, 1901. Ratifications exchanged 22 Feb., 1902. 
TEXT : English and French. B. F. S. P\ 94 : 40-1 ; Martens SO : 586-7 ; Eng- 
lish, Hdb. 1912: 328-9: French, France Tr. II: 389-90: Clercq 22: 30-2. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by France to colonial 
produce originating in British Zanzibar on importation into France, 
Algeria, the French colonies and possessions, and the protectorates 
of Indo-China and Tunis, with reference to lowest customs duties 
applicable to similar produce of any other foreign origin. (Art, II,) 

On the other hand, the valuatioii of brand}'- or liqueur originating 
in France. Algeria, or the French colonies, possessions, and pro- 
tectorates named is redticed from 25 to 20 shillings per case of 12 
bottles when imported into the British protectorate territory of 
Zanzibar. (Art, I.) 



312 BEITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND FRANCE, 

No. 158. 

Convention heticeen Great Britain and France concerning commer- 
cial relations between France and Jamaica. 

SIGNED 8 Aug., 1902. Denonneed by France on 10 Sept., 1918, and now 
terminable by three months' notice from either party. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 10, 
Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT: French and English, B. F. S. P. 95: 64-6: Martens 81: 733-5: Eng- 
lish, Hdb. 1912 : 331-2 : French, Clercq 22 : 199-200. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing customs duties payable on specified French and Jamaica products 
when imported into France, Algeria, French colonies and posses- 
sions, and protectorates of Indo-China and Tunis; or imported into 
Jamaica from France, Algeria, French colonies, etc. (Arts. I and 

n.) 

II. Other provisions. — Certificates of origin which may })e re- 
quired for this preferential treatment shall be vises by consuls free 
of consular fees. (Art. III.) 



No. 159. 



Convention hetioeen Great Britain and France regarding commer- 
cial relations hetireen France and India. 

SIGNED 19 Feb., 1903. Denounced by France on 10 Sept., 1918, and now 
terminable by three months' notice from either party. (G. B. T, S. 1919, No. 10, 
Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT: English and French. B. F. S. P. 96: 29-30: Martens 84: 447-9; Eng- 
lish, Hdb. 1912 : 332-4 ; French, Clercq 22 : 261-3. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally guaranteed re- 
specting customs duties payable on specified French and Indian 
products when imported into France, Algeria, French colonies and 
possessions, and protectorates of Indo-China and Tunis ; or imported 
into India from France, Algeria, French colonies, etc. (Arts. I and 

II.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Import duties levied in India on vinegar and copperas pro- 
duced in France, Algeria, French colonies, etc., not to exceed 2^ 
per cent ad valorem. (Art. II.) 

(6) Certificates of origin which may be required for this prefer- 
ential treatment shall be vises by consuls free of consular fees. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) The privileges and engagements of this convention shall ex- 
tend to native States of India which may be entitled by treaty or 
otherwise to be placed with regard to the stipulations of this con- 
vention on the same footing as British India. (Art. TV.) 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIIN" AND FRANCE. 313 

No. 160. 

C onventio7i between Great Britain and France concerning commer- 
cial relations between France and Ceylon. 

SIGNED 19 Feb.. 1903. Denounced by France on 10 Sept., 1918. and now 
terminable by three months' notice from either party. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 10, 
Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT: French and Eugi'sh. B. F. S. P. 96: 28-30; English, Hdb. 1912 : .334-6 ; 
French, Olercq 22 : 263-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing customs duties payable on specified French and Ceylon products 
when imported into France, Algeria, French colonies and posses- 
sions, and protectorates of Indo-China and Tunis, or imported into 
Cejdon from France, Algeria, P>ench colonies, etc. (Arts. I and 11.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Duty on French vinegar and copperas to be reduced by 50 
per cent. (Art. II.) 

{b) Certificates of origin which may be required for this prefer- 
ential treatment shall be vises by consuls free of consular fees. 
(Art. III.) 



No. 161. 



Convention between Great Britain and, France concerning commer- 
cial relations between France and the British 'protectorates of East 
Africa^ Central Africa^ and Uga/nda. 

SIGNED 23 Feb.. 1903. Denounced by France on 10 Sept., 1918. and now 
terminable by three months' notice from either partv. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 10. 
Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 98 : 48 ; Hdb. 1912 : 336-7 ; French, Clercq.22 : 69- 
71 : English and French, Martens 84 : 389-91. -- . - , < 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing customs duties payable on specified products of France and of 
East and Central Africa and Uganda, when imported into France, 
Algeria, French colonies and possessions, and protectorates of Indo- 
China and Tunis, or imported into the British protectorates named 
from France, Algeria, French colonies, etc. (Arts. I and II.) 

II. . Other provisions. — Certificates of origin which may be re- 
quired for this preferential treatment shall be vises by consuls free 
of consular fees. (Art. III.) 



314 BRITISH empire: great BEITAl^^ AND FRANCE. 

No. 162. 

DecJo.ration heficeen Great Britain and France concerning Egypt 
and Morocco. 

SIGNED S Apr., 19(>4. Effieetive for 30 years, and thereafter for successive 
periods of 5 years, niiless denounced by either party at least 1 year in advance. 
iAi'i. IV.) 

TEXT: French and Eiipish. B. F. S. P. 97: 39-53; Martens, 82: 15-57; 
English, Hdb. 1912: 338-41: French, Clercci 22: 507-18. 

(1) Declaration that neither country will countenance any in- 
equality in the imposition of customs duties or other taxes or of 
railway transport charges in Egypt and Morocco. (Art. IV.) 

(2) Both Great Britain and France to retain their respective 
treaty rights in Egj^pt and Morx^cco, including the right of coasting 
trade between ports of those countries. (Arts. II and III.) 

(3) France assents to the Khedivial decree annexed to the declara- 
tion containing guaranties for protection of Egyptian bondholders 
on conditions stated. (Art. I.) 

(4) Provisions relating to free passage of the Suez Canal (Art. 
Yl) and of the Straits of Gibraltar. (Arts. VI, VIII.) 



No. 163. 



Convention l>eticeen Great Britain and France concerning conimer- 
cial relations Jjetv^een France and the Barhados. 

SIGNED 9 Jan., 1907. Denounced by France on 10 Sept., 1918, and now 
terminable by three months' notice from either party. (G. B. T. S. 1919, 
No. 10, Cmd. 302.) 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 100 : 496-7 ; Hdb. 1912 : 352-3 ; French, Martens, 
86 : 631-2. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing customs duties payable on specified French and Barbados prod- 
ucts when imported into France, Algeria, French colonies and 
possessions, and the protectorates of Indo-China and Tunis, or im- 
ported into Barbados from France, Algeria, French colonies, etc. 
(Arts. I, 11.) 

II. Other provisions. — ^^Certificates of origin which may be re- 
quired for this preferential treatment shall be vises by consuls free 
of consular fees. (Art. III.) 

Treaty with Germany. 

See Treaty of Versailles, No. 314. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND GREECE. 315 

Treaty with Greece. 

Treaty of commerce and navl-gation hetiveen Greq^t BHtcdn.and 
Greece. 

SIGNED 10 Nov., 1SS6. Ratifications excbangecl 21 Apr., 1S8T. Extended 
by declaration of 23 Nov.. 1904,^ until 25 July, 1910, and thereafter terminable 
on 12 months' notice by either party. Denounced by Greece 3 Mar., 1919, and 
now terminable on 3 months' notice by either party. (G. B. T. S. 1919, 
No. 10, Cmd. 302. ) 

TEXlT: English, B. F. S. P. 77:100-107; Hdb. il91i2,; 4494^7; English and 
Greelv, Greece Tr. 1912: 551-63. j^d'^qx'^ 'Todto 'i 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and imcondi- 
tionalh' pledged in general terms respecting any privilege, favor, 
or immunity which either party may grant, in matters relating to 
commerce and navigation. (Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation litreatment: is tiurtlier.reoijH.x)cally. pledged- in 
regard to: yv^'piw^'^i -iu^'n'rAfp'^-^ v-rRliJirn to pfT<»iV>f?x'^ Yfr/ ( ^) 

(a) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on impor- 
tation of products of the other, from whatever place arriving, except 
sanitary and other prohibitions to protect safety of persons or of 
cattle, or of plants useful to agriculture. (Art. II.) rjqrrjaob 

(h) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by •either coun- 
try on exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

((?) All faculties, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
by either countr}' to consular officers. (Art. XI.) 

National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in all that relates to trade-marks, industrial de- 
signs, and patterns. (Decl. of 27 July, 1894.") 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to: 

(a) All rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and ex- 
emptions in matters of commerce and navigation, and payment of 
taxes or imposts relating thereto ; with special reference to right of 
access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the 
dominions and possessions of either country to which native sub- 
jects may be admitted. (Art. I.) 

(h) Exemption from all transit duties in either country, and all 
that relates to warehousing, bounties, facilities, and drawbacks. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) All articles which may be legally imported into or exported 
from either country in its own vessels, may likewise be imported or 
exported in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
for any destination ; without paying other or higher duties or charges 
of any kind, and subject to the same bounties and drawbacks, as 
when carried in national vessels. (Art. V.) 



E« English., B. F. S. P. 98 : 53-6. 
E' English, Hdb. 1912: 463-4. 



316 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND GREECE. 

(d) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, 
and an}^ similar or corresponding duties, no matter by whom or how 
levied in either country on ships of the other, from whatever place 
arriving and whatever their destination. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Any privilege regarding the coasting trade or the stationing, 
loading, or unloading of vessels in ports, docks, waters, or rivers of 
either country. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Treatment of each other's warships or merchant vessels seek- 
ing refuge from damage or- shipwreck, and any dues, duties, and 
salvage or other expenses incidental thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) Travel and residence in any part of either country; hiring 
and possession of houses, factories, shops, and other necessary prem- 
ises ; exercise of commerce in person or otherwise ; and all taxes, im- 
posts, or obligations of any kind payable in respect of persons, 
property, passports, or of commerce and industry. (Art. XII.) 

(A) Any exactions or military requisitions incumbent on owners 
or lessees of real property in either country. (Art. XIII.) 

(i) Exercise of civil rights, with special reference to acquisition, 
possession, disposal, and transmission of, or succession to, every 
description of property, movable and immovable, in any manner 
whatever; including right to export property or proceeds thereof if 
sold; and all imposts, duties, or charges relating to any of these 
matters. (Art. XIV.) 

(j) Exemption of each other's citizens from domiciliary visits or 
search of their dwellings and other premises, and examination or in- 
spection of their books, papers, or accounts. (Art. XV.) 

(k) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes regarding free access to 
courts of justice, and employment of advocates or others therein. 
(Art. XV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all judicial and munic- 
ipal functions (except those imposed by laws relating to juries) ; 
from compulsory military service by land or sea ; from all contribu- 
tions imposed as compensation for personal service; and from all 
exactions, requisitions, forced loans, or other charges imposed for 
purposes of war, or as a result of other extraordinary circumstances, 
except duties and charges incumbent on possession of real property 
in either country. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) Intestate estates to be administered by the respective consular 
officers, so far as consistent with the laws of both countries. . (Art. 
XIV.) 1 hasher an -v 

(c) Assistance to be given by either country to consuls of the 
other for recovery of seamen deserters. (Art. XVI.) 

(d) Arbitration of controversies respecting interpretation or 
execution of this treaty. (Protocol.) 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN A^l) HONDURAS. 317 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies to all 
colonies and foreign possessions of Great Britain, " as far as the 
laws permit," except India, Canada, Australia, and the Gape. (Art. 
XVII : also Hertslet 26 : 681 and 27 : 888.) Products of any part of 
the British Empire are granted complete and unconditional most- 
favored-nation treatment in Greece so long as the British colony, 
possession or protectorate in question accords to Greek products 
treatment as favorable as to products of any other foreign country. 
(Decl., 23 Nov. 1904.5«) 

Treaty with Honduras. 
No. 165. 

Treaty/ of coimnerce and iiavigation hetween Great Britain and 

Honduras. 

aioh HI" 

SIGNED 5 May, 1910. at Guatemala. Ratifications excMngecl ttiere 21 .Time, 
join. Effective from exchange of ratifications for 10 years, and tliereafter 
until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. Terminable separately 
at any time on 12 months' notice by either party in respect of British colonies, 
possessions, and protectorates which mav have adhered thereto. (Art. XXIV.) 

TEXT: English. B. F. S. P. 106: 788-98. ,, 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting any privilege, favor, or 
immunity which either country may grant to citizens of any other 
foreign State in all matters relating to commerce, navigation, and 
industiy (Art. II) ; except special concessions which Honduras may 
accord to other Central American Republics (Art. XXIII). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) Eight of citizens of either country to acquire and possess every 
description of property in the other which laws of the country permit 
any foreigners to acquire or possess. (Art. III.) 

{h) Any privilege, favor, or immunity which either country may 
grant to foreigners in matters affecting persons or propertA^ (Art. 
IV.) 

{c) Any duties or charges imposed on products of either country 
imported into the other. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Any prohibition or restriction imposed b}^ either country on 
importation of products of the other, from whatever place arriving; 
except : 

(1) Sanitary or other prohibitions designed to secure the safety 
of persons, or of cattle, or of plants useful to agriculture. 

(2) Measures applicable in either country to articles enjoying a 
direct or indirect bounty in the other. (Art. VI.) 

w English, B. P. S. P. 98 : 53-6. 



318 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND HONDURAS. 

(e) All charges imposed oil products of either country exported 
to the other. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Any prohibition imposed by either country on exportation of 
any articles to the other. (Art. VII.) 

{g) Treatment by either countr}^ of commercial travelers and their 
samples from the other. (Art. IX.) 

(A) Any concession which either country may grant in respect of 
its coasting trade. (Art. XII.) 

(i) All faculties, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
by either country to consular officers. (Art. XV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) All taxes, imposts, or obligations of any kind imposed in 
either country on citizens of the other, in respect of their persons, 
propert3^ commerce, or industry. (Art. I.) 

( Jj ) Exemption from domiciliary visits or search in either country 
of dwellings, warehouses, factories, and shops of citizens of the 
other, and exemption of their books, papers, and accounts from 
inspection or examination. (Art. V.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) All rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and ex- 
emptions in matters of commerce and navigation; with special refer-, 
eiice to right of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes all places and ports in the other (Art. I) ; except the coast- 
ing trade of both countries. (Art. XII.) 

(h) Eight of citizens of either country to dispose of all kinds 
of property in the other, by will or otherwise, in any manner, and 
all taxes, imposts, charges, or duties relating thereto, including ex- 
portation of proceeds of property sold. (Art. III.) |,^ !j,^ ^^j 

(c) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes regarding access to courts 
of justice in either country. (Art. V.) 

(d) Treatment by either country of citizens of the other in regard 
to warehousing accommodation, and charges payable on merchandise 
remaining more than three days in bonded warehouses. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Internal duties affecting production or consumption of any 
article in either country, whether levied for the State or for local 
authorities or corporations. Such duties must not bear more heavily 
on imported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
native origin. (Art. X.) 

(/) Right of vessels of either country to import into or export 
from the other any merchandise that niay be legally imported or 
exported, and all privileges, duties, or charges relating thereto in 
respect of vessels or cargoes. (Art. XL) 

(g) Any privileges in whatever concerns stationing, loading, and 
unloading of vessels in ports, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND HONDURAS. 319 

country, except special privileges which either party may grant to 
its own vessels engaged in rendering mail or other Government 
service. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quaran- 
tine, or other analogous duties of whatever nature, no matter by 
whom or how levied in ports of either country on vessels of the 
other, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(?•) Treatment of vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports 
of the other from damage or shipwreck, and any dues or charges 
relating thereto, with special reference to salvage or other expenses 
in case of stranding or shipwreck. (Art. XV.) 

(./') Rights of citizens of either country in regard to patents for 
inventions, trade-marks, and designs, upon fulfillment of formalities 
prescribed by law. (Art. XIX.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either countr}^ are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all judicial func- 
tions (except jury service), and from all extraordinary war contribu- 
tions, forced loans, and military requisitions or service. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Products of either country passing through the other are re- 
ciprocally exempt from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through or loaded, warehoused, and reloaded. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Products of either country imported into the other and in- 
tended for warehousing or transit are not subject to any internal 
duty, but only to warehousing charges, unless placed on the market 
for consumption. (Art. X.) 

(d) Nationalitv of vessels to be determined by the law of each 
country. (Art. XVI.) 

(e) Pl'o visions concerning seizure of goods bearing false indica- 
tions of origin. (Art. XX.) 

(/) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execution 
of this treatj^ and statement of procedure relating thereto. (Art. 
XXI.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Xational treatment provisions of this treaty do not apply to 
coasting trade, but most-favorecl-nation treatment is reciprocally 
granted in respect thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(h) Most-favored-nation stipulations of this treaty do not apply to 
special concessions which Honduras may accord to other Central 
American Republics. (Art. XXIII.) 

VI. Application to British colonies. — The stipulations of this 
treaty do not apply to British colonies, possessions, or protectorates 
beyond the seas, except those adhering thereto before 21 June, 1916. 
Nevertheless, products of any British colony, possession, or protec- 



/ 

320 BRITISH empire: GEAT BRITAIN AND ITALYs. : , ; 

torate receive in Honduras complete and unconditional most-f avored- 
nation treatment so long as such colony, etc., accords to Honduranean 
products treatment as favorable as to products of any other foreign 
country. (Art. XXII.) 

For an extensive list of British colonies, possessions, and pro- 
tectorates which adhered to this treaty (but which does not include 
Australia, Canada, India, or South Africa), see G. B. T. S. 1916, 
No. 4. 

Treaty with Hungary. 

See Treaty of Trianon, No. 355. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 166. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetioeen Great Britain and Italy. 

SIGNED 15 June, 1883, at Rome. Eftective from 1 July, 1883, until 1 Feb., 
1892, and thereafter until terminated by one year's notice from either party. 
(Art. XX.) 

TEXT : English, Hdb. 1912 : 484-92 ; English and Italian, B. F. S. P. 74 : 68- 
76 ; Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 504-12. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionalty pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low), respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either 
country may grant in matters relating to commerce and navigation. 
(Art. XL) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

{a) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country against 
importation of products of the other, from whatever place arriving; 
except sanitary and other prohibitions to protect safet}^ of persons or 
of cattle, or of plants useful to agriculture. (Art. II.) 

(&) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either coun- 
try against exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) All facilities, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
to consular officers by either country. (Art. XII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
(subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights, privileges, 
liberties, favors, immunities, and exemptions in matters of commerce 
and navigation; and payment of taxes or imposts relating thereto. 
(Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to native subjects in either country. (Art. I.) 

( & ) All that relates to warehousing, bounties, facilities, and draw- 
backs. (Art. IV.) 



BRITISH EMPIRE : GEAT BRITAIN AND ITALY. 321 

(c) Importation and exportation in vessels of either country. All 
articles which may be legally imported into or exported from either 
country in its own vessels may likewise be imported or exported in 
ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and for any desti- 
nation : without paying other or higher duties or charges of any kind, 
and subject to the same bounties and drawbacks as when carried in 
national vessels. (Art. V.) 

(d) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quaran- 
tine, and any similar or corresponding duties; no matter by whom 
or how levied in either country on ships of the other, from whatever 
i^lace arriving and whatever their destination. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Any privilege in matters relating to the stationing, loading, 
or unloading of vessels in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, harbors, 
or rivers of either country (Art. YII) ; except the coasting trade of 
both countries (Art. YIII). 

(/) Treatment of warships or merchant vessels of either country 
seeking refuge in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck ; and 
payment of dues, duties, and .salvage or other expenses incidental 
thereto. (Art. IX.) ^riii k) o.oyar .VI 

(g) An}' taxes, imposts, or obligations of any kind imposed by 
either country on subjects of the other in respect of passports, per- 
sons, property, commerce, or industr}^ (Arts. XIII, XIV.) 

(A) Exercise of civil rights; with- special reference to acquisition, 
possession, disposal, and transmission of, or succession to, every de- 
scription of property, movable and immovable, in am^ manner what- 
ever ; including right to export property, or proceeds if sold ; and all 
imposts, duties, or charges relating to any of these matters. (Art. 
XV.) 

(^) Exemption of subjects of either country in the other from 
domiciliary visits or search of dwellings and other premises and 
exemption of their books, papers, or accounts from inspection or 
examination, except under conditions and with forms prescribed by 
law for native subjects. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes regarding free access to 
courts of justice in either country and employment of advocates or 
other agents therein. (Art. XVI.) 

(k) Rights concerning patents for inventions, trade-marks, and 
designs upon fulfillment of formalities prescribed bv law. (Art. 
XVII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Subjects of either country are exempt in the other from all 
transit duties. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Detailed provisions concerning treatment of vessels of either 
country stranded or wrecked on coasts of the other or seeking refuge 



322 BRITISH EMPIRE : GEAT BRITAIN AND ITALY, 

in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. Salvaged mer- 
chandise to be exempt from all customs duties unless cleared for 
consumption. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Right of subjects of either countr}^ to travel or reside in any 
\ part of the other, to possess houses and other property, and to carry 

on commerce in person or otherwise. (Art. XIII.) 

(d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from 
all judicial and municipal functions (except jury service), from 
all compulsory military services by land or sea, and from all con- 
tributions or requisitions imposed as compensation for personal 
service, except duties, charges, exactions, or military requisitions con- 
nected with ownership or leasing of real property. (Art. XIV.) 

(e) Assistance to be given by local authorities of either country 
to consuls of the other for recoverv of seamen deserters. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning arbitration of controversies 
respecting interpretation, execution, or violation of this treaty and 
procedure rehiting thereto. (Protocol.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to the 
coasting trade of either country, which remains subject to regulation 
by their respective laws. (Art. VIII.) 

V. Application to colonies. — This treaty was originally made ap- 
plicable to all British colonies and foreign possessions, except India, 
Canada, Newfoundland, the Cape, Natal, the Australian States, and 
New Zealand, with the understanding that any of these might 
accede thereto before 30 June, 1884. (Art. XIX.) All these ac- 
ceded except India, Canada, the Cape, and South Australia. (Herts- 
let 24:683.) 

The treaty has been extended to British India (as defined), subject 
to the following modifications and reservations : 

(a) India may prevent undesirable foreigners from residing or 
traveling in India without its consent. (Conv. of 15 June, 1914,^^ 
Art. 2.) 

(h) Rights of Italians in native States of India under Articles I, 
XIII, XV, and the last paragraph of Article XVI of this treaty 
(noted above under II and II r/-4) are subject to the limitations 
which may be in force as regards European British subjects. (Ibid., 
Art. 3.) ' 

(c) The provisions of Articles IV and XI of the treaty (noted 
above under I and II h) shall not be held to apply : 

(1) To any privilege, favor, or immunity which India ma}^ grant 
in respect of trade to or from countries on the land borders of India. 
(Ibid., Art. 4, a.) 

53 English, Hertslet 27 : 885-6. 



BRITISH EMPIEE : GREAT BRTTAIX AND JAPAN. 323 

(2) To merchandise passing in transit through India to countries 
on the land borders of India. (Ibid., Art. 4, h.) 

(d) The right to appoint consuls under Article XII (noted above 
under I c) shall in India be restricted to specified seaport towns, and 
such consuls shall enjoy immunities and exemptions in the matter of 
customs duties similar to those granted to British consuls in Italy. 
(Ibid., Art. 5.) 

Treaty with Japan. 
No. 16 7. 

Treaty &f eomvierce and navigation hetioeen Great Britain and Japan, 

SIGNED 3 Apr., 1911. Ratifications exchanged 5 May, 1911. Effective until 
16 July, 1923, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. Terminable separately at any time on 12 months' notice from either 
party as regards British dominions, colonies, possessions, and protectorates. 
^Art. XXVII.) Article VII and schedules of import duties relating thereto may 
be modified or abrogated any time after 1913 on 6 months' notice from either 
partv without prejudice to other stipulations of this treaty. (Art. VIII.) 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 104 : 1.50-70 ; Hdb. 1912 : 501-15 ; Japan Tr. 1918 : 
240-55 ; Martens 93 :413-30. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting any 
favor, privilege, or immunity which either party may grant in mat- 
ters concerning commerce, navigation, and industry. (Art. XXIV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Whatever relates to pursuit of industries, callings, professions, 
and educational studies in either country. (Art. I, 3.) 

{h) Liberty to acquire and possess every description of property, 
movable or immovable, which the laws of the country permit any 
foreigners to acquire or possess, on condition of reciprocity^, and sub- 
ject always to conditions and limitations prescribed by said laws. 
(Art. I, 5.) 

{c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from all contributions in lieu of per- 
sonal service. (Art. II.) 

{d) Appointment of consuls, and all privileges, exemptions, and 
immunities accorded to consular officers by either country (Art. IV) ; 
with special reference to any right, privilege, favor, or immunity 
concerning administration by consular officers of estates of their 
deceased nationals. (Art. V.) 

(e) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to foreign commerce in either country. (Art. VI.) 

(/) All duties, prohibitions, or restrictions imposed or maintained 
by either country on importation of products of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving; except sanitary or other prohibitions to secure 

54083—22 22 



324 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND JAPAN. 

the safety of persons or of cattle or of plants useful to agriculture. 
(Art. Vli.) 

(g) Any charges on exportation of products of either country 
to the other, and prohibitions or restrictions imposed b}^ either coun- 
try on exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. IX.) 

(h) Facilities granted to merchants, manufacturers, and commer- 
cial travelers of either country making purchases or collecting orders 
in the other, and all taxes relating thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(i) Special facilities, privileges, and immunities granted in terri- 
torial waters of either country to vessels of the other charged with a 
regular scheduled postal service. (Art. XX.) 

(j) Any concessions or favors accorded by eitlier country in re- 
spect of its coasting trade. (Art. XXI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All taxes, fees, charges, or contributions of any kind levied by 
either country on subjects of the other. (Art. I, 7.) 

(h) Any forced loans and military requisitions or contributions 
imposed on owners, lessees, or occupiers of immovable property in 
either country. (Art. II.) 

(e) Tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, or analo- 
gous duties of any kind, no matter by whom or how levied in ports of 
either country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving 
and whatever their destination. (Art. XIX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) All rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and exemp- 
tions in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. VI.) 

(h) All that relates to travel and residence in either country. 

(Art. 1,1-) 

(c) Commerce, manufacture, and trade in all kinds of merchandise 
of laAvful commerce, personally or by agents, singly or as partners 
with foreigners or native subjects. (Art. I, 2.) 

(d) Right to own, hire, and occupy houses, factories, warehouses, 
shops, and other premises, and to lease land for residential, commer- 
cial, industrial, and other lawful purposes. (Art. I, 4.) 

(e) Disposal of property which foreigners may lawfully acquire 
and possess in either country, including exportation of proceeds if 
sold and of goods in general, and payment of duties incidental 
thereto. (Art. I, 5.) 

(/) All rights and privileges concerning administration of justice, 
including access to courts and employment of advocates or others 
therein. (Art. I, 6.) 

(g) All that relates to bounties, drawbacks, and facilities for ware- 
housing under bond. (Art. I, 8.) 



BFJTISH EMPIEP: I GREAT BRITAIN AND JAPAN. 325 

(A) Exemption of each other's citizens from domiciliary visits or 
search of their dwellings, warehouses, factories, shops, and other 
premises, and examination or inspection of their books, papers, or 
accounts. (Art. III.) 

(z) Internal duties affectino- production, manufacture, or consump- 
tion of any article,, whether levied in either country for the State, 
local authorities, or corporations. These must not bear more heavily 
on imported products of the otber country than on similar articles of 
native origin. (Art. XI.) 

(j) Importation and exportation. Any merchandise legally im- 
portable into or exportable from either country in its own vessels 
may likewise be carried in ships of the other, also passengers to or 
■from either countr3^ such vessels and their cargoes and passengers to 
enjoy the same privileges and pay the same duties or charges as 
national ships and their cargoes or passengers. (Art. XVI.) 

(/r) All privileges and facilities in regard to the stationing, load- 
ing, and unloading of vessels in ports, docks, roadsteads, and harbors 
of either country. (Art. XA'^II.) 

(Z) Dues payable in either country b}^ vessels of the other seeking 
refuge from damage or shipwreck, also salvage or other expenses in 
case of stranding or shipwreck. (Art. XXIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Specified customs duties to be levied in Japan on importation 
of products of the United Kingdom listed in the schedule annexed to 
the treaty. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Specified products of elapan listed in the schedule to be free of 
duty on importation into the United Kingdom. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Products of either country passing through the other are ex- 
empt from all transit duties, whether going straight through or un- 
loaded, warehoused, and reloaded. (Art. X.) 

(d) Exemption of products of either country from all internal 
duties in the other when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. 
XI.) 

(e) Reciprocal duty-free admission of travelers' samples subject 
to customs regulations and formalities relating thereto (Arts. XII, 
XIII), and reciprocal recognition in either country of commercial 
travelers' certificates issued by. chambers of commerce, etc. (Art. 
XIV.) cic ifiiqnT. 

(/) Recognition by either country of commercial, industrial, and 
financial companies or associations duly organized and registered in 
the other with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. 
XV.) 

iff) Kight of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. (Art. 
XXI.) 



326 BRITISH EMPIEE: great BRITAIN AND JAPAN. 

(h) Mutual assistance for recovery of seamen deserters in either 
country on application by the competent consular officer. (Art. 
XXII.^) 

(i) In case of stranded or shipwr^ecked vessels salvaged mer- 
chandise is exempt from customs duties in either country unless 
cleared for internal consumption. (Art. XXIII.) 

V. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 
(a) The coasting trade of both countries, though most-favored- 
nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect thereto. (Art. 
XXI.) 

(h) Tariff concessions accorded by either party to contiguous 
States solelv to facilitate frontier traffic within a limited zone. (Art. 
XXV.) 

(c) Treatment accorded by either country" to the produce of its 
national fisheries. (Art. XXV.) 

(d) Special tariff favors granted by Japan in regard to fish and 
other aquatic products taken in foreign waters in the vicinity of 
Japan. (Art. XXV.) 

(e) British dominions, colonies, possessions, or protectorates be- 
yond the seas, except those which adhered to this treaty, as noted be- 
low. (Art. XXVI.) 

(/) Provisions of Article VIII (relating to import duties) do not 
apply to any British dominions, colonies, etc.. beyond the seas. 
(Hertslet 27:908-9.) 

VI. Application to colonies. — Accessions of British colonies, etc., 
to this treaty are subject generally to the following interpretation 
being placed on Articles I and VIII : 

(a) Article I does not interfere with any immigration legislation 
of either country that does not differentiate against subjects of the 
other as compared with subjects or citizens of the most-favored 
nation. 

(h) Provisions of Article VIII do not apply to British dominions, 
colonies, etc., beyond the seas. 

(c) Canada's accession is subject to the following conditions: 

(1) Nothing in this treaty shall be deemed to affect any of the 
provisions of the immigration act of Canada. 

(2) Article VIII shall not be deemed to apply to Canada. 

(3) It is understood that Japan intends to maintain with equal 
effectiveness the limitation and control exercised since 1908 in the 
regulation of emigration from Japan to Canada. (Exchange of 
Notes, 17 July/IQ Sept., 1912.5») 

For a long list of accessions of British colonies, etc. (which does 
not include i^ustralia, New Zealand, or South Africa), see Hertslet 
27:908-9. 



5« English, Hertslet 27 : 909. 



BEITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND LIBERIA. 327 

Treaty with Liberia. 

No. 168. 

Treaty of friendship and coramevce hetween Great Britain a,nd 
Liberia. 

SIGNED 21 Nov., 1848. Ratifications exchanged 1 Aug.. 1849. Duration in- 
d-efinite. 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 36 : 394-7 ; Hdb. 1912, 517-20. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting all rights or privileges which 
either party may grant to subjects of any other State, with special ref- 
erence to all favors or immunities in matters of commerce and navi- 
gation. (Arts. II and VII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Eight of subjects of either country to reside and trade in 
any part of the territory or dominions of the other. (Art. II.) 

{h) Full protection for persons and property in either country, 
and right to buy or sell without restraint or prejudice from any 
monopol}^, contract, or exclusive privilege of sale or purchase. (Art, 

(<?) Any duties imposed by Liberia on merchandise coming from 
British dominions in any vessel, or imported in British vessels from 
any country, and exportation of any Liberian products by British 
subjects or in British vessels. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting tonnage, 
import, and other duties or charges levied by either country on vessels 
of the other or on goods imported or exported therein. (Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Liberia agrees not to prohibit importation of goods coming 
from British dominions in any vessel, or of goods coming in British 
vessels from any countr3^ (Art. IV.) 

iJj) No prohibitions or excessive duties to be imposed by Liberia 
against importation by private merchants of articles in which the 
Liberian Government may see fit to trade for revenue purposes. 
(Art. V.) 

{c) Assistance and protection to be accorded to British vessels 
and their officers and crews in case of shipwreck on the coast of 
Liberia. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Provisions relating to appointment of consular officers (Art. 
VIII). and suppression of the slave trade (Arts. IX, X). 

IV. Application to British colonies.— Canada, Newfoundland, 
Australia,^^ New Zealand, Natal, Orange Eiver Colony, Transvaal, 
and the Indian Empire may withdraw from the treaty separately 
at any time on 12 months' notice. But products of any of these 



6" Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island) has withdrawn from the treaty. (Hertslet 
25 :918; 27: 913.) 



328 BRITISH EMPIPvE : GREAT BRITAIN AXD MEXICO. 

colonies, etc., receive in Liberia unconclitional most-favored-nation 
treatment so long as they accord to Liberian products treatment as 
favorable as to those of any other foreign country. (Agrt. 23 July, 
1908.«^) 

Treaty with Mexico. 
No. 169. 

Treaty of friends hi j), coirinierce. and navigation hetvyeen Great 
Britain and Mexico. 

SIGNED 27 Nov.. 1888. Kat:ticntions exciian.crfMl 11 Feb., 1889. Effective 
for 10 years, and thereafter indelinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: English and Spanish, B. F. S. V. 79:25-39; Spanish, Mexico Tr. 
Yig. 1 : 405-16 ; English. Hdb. 1912 : 525-33. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionall}^ pledged in general terms respecting any privilege, favor, 
or immunit}^ which either party maj^ grant in matters relating to 
commerce and navigation. (Arts. II and lY.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Customs treatment in either country of imported products 
of the other, whether intended for consumption, warehousing, re- 
exportation, or transit; particularly as regards payment of duties, 
wiiether general, municipal, or local. (Art. III.) 

(h) Duties levied by either country on exportation of any goods 
to the other. (Art, III.) 

(r) Any prohibitions of importation, exportation, reexportation, 
or transit established by either country against the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) All that relates to local dues, customs, formalities, brokerage, 
patterns, or samples introduced by commercial travelers, and all 
other matters connected with trade. (Art. III.) 

{e) All dues or charges in ports, docks, rivers, and other waters 
of either countr}' ; also pilotage and all other matters connected with 
navigation, including local treatment of each others' vessels and 
their cargoes, from whatever place arriving, and whatever the place 
of origin or destination of the cargoes. (Art. lY.) 

(/) Application of laws of either country to resident citizens of 
the other with special reference to laws which determine the rights 
and obligations of foreigners. (Art. V.) 

{g) Protection of each other's citizens in regard to their persons^ 
houses, and property; also freedom of conscience and religious be- 
lief in either country. (Art. YIII.) 

{h) Appointment and functions of consular officers in either coun- 
try, and all privileges, exemptions, and immunities relating thereto. 
(Art. X.) 

61 English, Hertslet 25 : 918, 



BRITISH EMPIRE ! GREAT BRITAIN AND MEXICO. 329 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with reference to rights concerning patents for 
inventions, trade-marks, and designs, upon fulfillment of formalities 
prescribed by law. (Art. IX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to reside in the other, and 
to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for wholesale or retail 
commerce ; also full liberty to exercise civil rights, with special refer- 
ence to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
property of every description in any manner whatever (so far as 
permitted by the laws of each country), under the same conditions 
as natives 'of the country; including right to export property or 
proceeds thereof if sold; without paying any other or higher im- 
post, duty, or charge in any of these respects than is payable by 
natives of the country. (Art. V.) 

(h) Exemption of dwellings, warehouses, factories, and shops of 
citizens of either country in the other from domiciliary visits or 
search, and exemption of their books, papers, and accounts from in- 
spection or examination. (Art. VI.) 

(c) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes concerning free access to 
courts of justice, and employment of advocates or others therein. 
(Art. VI.) 

(d) Any military requisitions, charges, or contributions imposed 
on real property by either country. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Treatment of each other's vessels seeking refuge from damage 
or shipwreck, and all dues, duties, and salvage or other charges inci- 
dental thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Any charges or demands made by either country upon prop- 
erty of citizens of the other in case of rupture or war between the 
two countries. (Art. XIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Limit of territorial waters on coasts of either countr3\ for 
enforcement of customs regulations and prevention of smuggling, to 
be 3 sea leagues from low- water mark. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsor}^ mili- 
tary service whatever, by land or sea, and from all contributions, 
forced loans, and other charges or requisitions imposed as compensa- 
tion therefor. (Art. V Li.) 

(c) In case of rupture or war, citizens of either country residing 
in the other may continue their trade or employment so long as they 
behave peaceably and commit no offense against the laws. In case 
they prefer to leave the country they shall be allowed to liquidate 
their accounts and arrange for disposal or safe-keeping of their 
property, which shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration; and 
thev shall have safe conduct to ports of their own selection. (Art, 

xiii.) 



330 BKITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND MOROCCO. 

(d) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XV.) 

V. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies to all 
British colonies and possessions, " so far as the laws permit," except 
India, Canada, Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island), New 
Zealand, and British South Africa. (Art. XIV.) 

For accessions and withdrawals of colonies, etc.. see Hertslet 
26 : 759 and 27 : 916. 

Treaty with Montenegro. 

No. 170. 

Convention of commerce and navigation heticeen Great BHtain and 

Montenegro. * 

SIGNED 11 Jan., 1910. Katifications exchanged 21 June, 1910. Effective 
until 21 June, 1920, and thereafter until terminated by one j^ear's notice from 
either party ; but terminable at any time by 12 months' notice from either party 
as regards British colonies, possessions, or protectorates adhering thereto. 
(Art. III.) 

TEXT: English and French, B. P. S. P. 101:311-14; English, Hdb. 1912: 
535-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to treatment of each other's subjects and products, with spe- 
cial reference to : 

{a) All that concerns customs duties and commercial operations. 
(Art. I.) 

{b) Establishment of nationals of either country in territories of 
the other. (Art. I.) 

{c) Exercise of commerce and industries, and taxes connected 
therewith. (Art. I.) 

{d) All matters of commerce and navigation, both as regards im- 
portation, exportation, and transit. (Art. I.) 

II. Application to British colonies. — This convention applies only 
to those British colonies, possessions, or protectorates beyond the 
seas which acceded thereto before 21 June, 1911. But products of 
any British colony, possession, etc., receive unconditional most- 
favored-nation treatment in Montenegro so long as it gives to Monte- 
negrin products treatment as favorable as to products of any other 
foreign country. (Art. II.) 

For long list of accessions (which does not include Canada, Aus- 
tralia, New Zealand, South Africa, or India), see Hdb. 1912: 537, 
or Hertslet, 26 : 771-2. 

Treaties with Morocco. 
No. 171. 
General treaty hetween Great Britain and Morocco. 

SIGNED 9 Dec, 1856. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 46 : 176-87 ; Hdb. 1912 : 539-53 ; French, Card : 
17-31. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to protection and privileges to be accorded by either country 



BRITISH EMPIEP:: great BRITAIN AND MOROCCO. 331 

to subjects of the other, with special reference to right of travel, resi- 
dence, and police precautions relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

Most-fayored-nation treatment is further pledged by Morocco in 
regard to : 

(a) Eights and privileges of British diplomatic and consular offi- 
cers in Morocco. (Art. III.) 

(h) All rights, privileges, and favors which Morocco may grant to 
subjects of any other power, which shall likewise apply in favor of 
all British subjects, whether Mohammedans, Jews, or Christians. 
(Arts. XIII and XVI.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of British subjects to hire dwellings and warehouses in 
Morocco. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Exemption of British subjects from all taxes or imposts, and 
from military service, forced loans, and all extraordinary contribu- 
tions. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Inviolabilit}^ of dwellings, warehouses, and other premises of 
British subjects, and exemption of their houses, books, papers, or ac- 
counts from search, examination, or inspection, except hj order and 
consent of a British consul. ^ (Art. IV.) 

(d) Protection of persons and propert^^ of British subjects, free- 
dom of religious worship and burial, and free appointment of agents 
for transaction of business by land or sea. (Art. V.) 

(e) Freedom in selling or buying of goods in either countr}^ (Art. 

VI.) ; 

(/) Guarantee of debts in either country by subjects of the other 
to be valid only if in writing. (Art. VI.) 

((/) British consular jurisdiction in all criminal and civil cases be- 
tween British subjects. (Arts. VIII and XIV.) 

(A) Consular intervention in civil or criminal cases between Brit- 
ish subjects and Moors. (Art. IX.) 

(^) Actions for debt between British subjects and Moors. (Art. X.) 

(j) Exclusive consular jurisdiction in criminal cases betw^een Brit- 
ish subjects and other foreigners in Morocco. (Art. XIV.) 

(k) Consular administration of estates and debts of deceased Brit- 
ish subjects. (Art. XVIII.) 

(l) Freedom of subjects of either country to leave the dominions of 
the other in peace or war and dispose of their goods and property. 
(Art. XVII.) 

(m) Eelease of subjects of either country and their goods captured 
on vessels belonging to enemies of the other, unless contraband of 
war. (Art. XXI.) 

(n) Treatment of British prizes in ports of Morocco. (Art. 
XXII.) 



332 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND MOROCCO. 

(o) Protection of vessels of either country chased by enemy into 
waters of the other. (Art. XXIII.) 

(p) Right of British warships or merchant vessels to buy provi- 
sions free from duty in ports of Morocco. (Art. XXVI.) 

(q) Privileges of British mail packets in Morocco. (Art. XXVII.) 

(r) Vessels of either country entering ports of the other are not 
bound to go into harbor nor to sell their cargoes. (Art. XXVIII.) 

(s) Duties payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other only on portion of cargo landed. (Art. XXIX.) 

(t) Vessels of either country in ports of the other are not bound to 
carry passengers or goods, and can not be forced to sail to any par- 
ticular place. (Art. XXX.) 

(u) British vessels hired by Moorish subjects are exempt from 
anchorage and other duties when seeking refuge in Moorish ports. 
(Art. XXXI.) 

(i;) "Assistance to British vessels entering Moorish ports for re- 
pairs. (Art. XXXII.) 

(w) Mutual assistance to each other's vessels in case of shipwreck 
and salvage operations. (Art. XXXIII.) 

(x) Subjects of either country violating any condition of this 
treaty to be severely punished by their respective sovereigns. (Art. 
XXXV.) 

(y) In case of war, subjects of either country residing in the other 
are allowed six months to settle their affairs, with perfect security 
for their persons and property; and must be permitted to depart 
with their families, goods, and propertv to wherever they please. 
(Art. XXXVI.) 

{3) Abrogation of all previous treaties between the two countries. 
(Art. XXXVIII.) 

III. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies generally 
to ail dominions and subjects of Great Britain, present and future. 
(Art. XIX.) 

No. 172. 

Oonvention of commerce cmd navigation heticeen Great Britain and 
Morocco. 

SIGNED 9 Dec, 1856. Duration indefinite. Subject to revision by common 
consent. (Art. XI Y.) 

TEXT: English. B. F. S. P. 46: 188-95; Hclb. 1912: 553-62. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to all rights, privileges, and protection accorded to foreigners 
in either country, with special reference to residence and trade in 
ports of Morocco (Art. I) ; and to prohibitions of importation or ex- 



BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND MOROCCO. 333 

portation applicable in Morocco against British subjects (Arts. V 
and VII). 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to British subjects in Morocco in regard to duties payable 
on goods permitted to be imported, and exportation of Moroccan 
produce in any vessel. (Arts. VI, VII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding anchor- 
age, tonnage, import, and other duties or charges levied by either 
country on ships of the other, or levied on goods imported or ex- 
ported in vessels of either country. (Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Reciprocal freedom of commerce between the two countries. 
(Art. I.) 

(h) Morocco engages to abolish all monopolies or prohibitions on 
imported goods and all monopolies of Moorish products; except to- 
bacco and other articles named. (Art. II.) 

(c) Xo taxes, duties, or other charges to be imposed in Morocco 
on goods purchased for exportation b}^ British subjects, except the 
export duty on articles specified by the tariff in Article VII of the 
treaty. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Right of British subjects to manage their affairs in Morocco 
personally or b}' agents of their own free choice, and to bargain 
freely for prices in the lawful purchase or sale of any merchandise 
imported into Morocco or to be exported therefrom. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Prohibitions against exportation of grain or any article from 
Morocco shall not prevent exportation thereof by British subjects for 
six months following publication of such prohibition, as regards 
quantities of such articles already in their possession or previously 
purchased by them. (Art. V.) 

(/) Duties payable on imports into Morocco by British subjects 
shall not exceed 10 per cent on their value at port of landing (Art. 
VIII), and Moroccan products exported by British subjects shall pay 
onlv the duties required by the tariff detailed in Article VII. 
(Art. IX.) 

(g) Goods conveyed by sea from one Moorish port to another by 
British subjects to pay no further duty when accompanied by cer- 
tificate showing that the 10 per cent import dut}^ has been paid. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(A) Detailed provisions regarding tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, 
and other dues in Morocco (Arts. X and XII), loading and unload- 
ing of vessels in Moorish ports, and lio-hthouse charges. (Art. 
XL) 



334 BRITISH EMPIEE: GKEAT BEITAIISr AND MUSCAT. 

(i) Consular jurisdiction over British subjects smuggling goods 
into Morocco and penalties therefor. (Art. XIII.) 

(j) Abrogation of all previous treaties between the two countries. 

(Art. XV.) 

Treaty with Muscat. 

No. 173. 

Treaty of friendship, connnerce^ and navigation hetween Great 
Britain and Muscat. 

SIGNED 19 Mar., 1891. Ratifications exchanged 20 Feb., 1892, Effective 
until 20 Mar., 1904 (Art. XXIII), and thereafter until terminated by 12 
months' notice from either party. (Protocol, 20 Feb., 1892; English. Hdb. 
1912:605-6.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 83:11-18; Hdb. 1912:597-605. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regard- 
ing all privileges, immunities, and exemptions accorded to consular 
officers and other public functionaries in either countrj^ (Art. III.) 

II. Most-favored-natioo treatment is pledged unconditionally by 
Muscat to British subjects (including subjects of native States in 
India in alliance with Great Britain) in matters of commerce, ship- 
ping, and trade, and in every other respect, with special reference to 
all rights, privileges, immunities, advantages, and protection con- 
cerning duties, imposts, restrictions, and obligations of every kind. 
(Art. II.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Freedom of commerce and navigation between the two coun- 
tries, with special reference to right of subjects of either country to 
enter with ships and cargoes all ports, rivers, and waters of the other, 
^ and to travel, reside, and trade in each other's dominions ; also right 
to hire, purchase, and possess houses, warehouses, shops, stores, and 
lands, and to bargain freely for prices in buying, bartering, or selling 
any articles whatever. (Art. IV.) 

(&) Right of British subjects in Muscat to acquire in any legal 
way, and freely to dispose of, property of every description, movable 
or immovable. (Art. V.) 

((?) Right of Muscat to levy an ad valorem duty of 5 per cent on 
merchandise of all kinds imported by sea, but no duties to be levied 
on goods transshipped in a Muscat port under conditions stated, nor 
on coal, naval provisions, etc., for the British Navy. (Art. VI.) 

{d) No prohibitions to be imposed against imports into or exports 
from Muscat, nor any export duties to be levied without consent of 
the British Government. (Art. VII.) 

(e) British ships not to be exempt from shipping, tonnage, or har- 
bor dues in Muscat in the event of such dues being imposed by inter- 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRTTAIX AXD :^ETHERLANDS. 5oO 

national agreement to which Great Britain is a consenting: party. 
(Art. YIII.) 

(/) Goods in transit through Muscat not to be subject to vexatious 
delays. (Art. X.) 

{{/) Provisions relating to vessels in distress, wrecks, and salvage 
(Art. XI), and to seamen deserters. (Art. XII.) 

(h) Rights of exterritoriality for British subjects in Muscat as 
regards their persons and property. (Art. XIII.) 

(I) British consular jurisdiction of British subjects in Muscat 
(Art. XIV), with special reference to bankruptcy and recovery of 
debts (Art. XV-XVI) ; administration of estates (Art. XVII), and 
exemption of dwellings and other premises of British subjects from 
entry or search by officials of Muscat. (Art. XVIII.) 

(j) Protection of subjects of Muscat in the service of British 
subjects. (Art. XIV.) 

(k) British subjects not to be exempt from local taxes for mu- 
nicipal or sanitary purposes in the event of such taxes being imposed 
bv international agreement to which Great Britain is a party. (Art. 
XIX.) 

(I) Liberty of conscience and freedom of religious worship in 
either country, including right to build churches. (Art. XX.) 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies to all 
colonies and foreign possessions of Great Britain, " so far as the laws 
permit," except the Cape, New Zealand, and all the Australian States 
save Queensland. (Art. XXI and Hdb. 1912 : 605.) 

Treaties with the Netherlands. 
No. 174. 

Treaty hetween Great Britain and the Netherlands concerning terri- 
tory and commerce in the East Indies. 

SIGNED 17 Mar., 1824. Duration not stated. 

TEXT: English and Dutcli, B. F. S. P. 11:194-213; Lagemans 2:120-31; 
English, Hdb. 1912:607-16. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing admission of citizens of either country to trade with possessions 
of the other in the Eastern Archipelago, the continent of India, and 
Cevlon, in conformity with the local regulations of each settlement. 
(Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Duties payable on imports or exports by subjects or vessels of 
either nation at ports of the other in the eastern seas shall not exceed 
double the rate payable by subjects or vessels of the nation to which 
the port belongs, and in case of articles not dutiable when imported 
or exported by nationals or in national vessels the rate payable by 

f .a .ilDJaa ban daif-jaa ; ^-SiSO : Silfil ." ' •' 



336 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN and NETHERLANDS. 

subjects or vessels of the other coimtr}/ shall not exceed 6 per cent. 
(Art. II.) 

(b) N^either party to make any treaty with a native power in the 
eastern seas tending to exclude the trade of the other from the profits 
of such native power ; any contrary provisions in existing treaties to 
be abrogated on conclusion of this treaty. (Art. III.) 

(c) The Molucca Islands are excepted from Articles I to lY (re- 
specting freedom of trade) until the Netherlands abandons the 
monopoly of spices, but until such abandonment British subjects shall 
be allowed commercial intercourse with said islands on the same foot- 
ing as subjects of the most-favored nation other than a native Asiatic 
power. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Cession of all Dutch establishments in India, and of Molucca, 
to Great Britain (Arts. VIII and X) and cession of British posses- 
sions in Sumatra to the Netherlands (Art. IX). 

((?) Neither power to object to occupation of specified islands by 
the other. (Arts. XI, XII.) 

(/) None of the above-mentioned territories to be ceded to any 
third power. In case of abandonment by either nation, the right of 
occupation thereof is immediately to pass to the other. (Art. XV.) 



No. 175. 



Treaty of connmerce and navigation between Great Britain and the 
Netherlands. 

SIGNED 27 Oct., 1837. liatifications excliaiiged 22 Nov., 1837. Additional 
conventions signed 27 Mar., 1851,®' and 15 Aug., 1889; "^ ratitications exclianged 
16 Apr., 1851, and 23 May, 1891. Terminable on 12, months" notice by either 
party. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT : English an<l Dutch. B. F. S. P. 26 : 273-81 ; English, Hdb. 1912 : 
617-22. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, 
favors, immunities, and exemptions which either country may grant 
in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All duties, taxes, or imposts, under whatever name, payable 
in either country by subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

{b) Customs duties or other imposts levied by either country on 
products of the other, imported by land or sea. (Art. I.) 

{c) All questions of customs regulations, with special reference to 
ad valorem duties applied by either country to imported goods of 
the other. (Convention of 1889,«3 Art. I.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

»2 English, Hdb. 1912 : 622-4 ; English and Dutch, B. F. S. P. 40 : 41-5. 
«3 English, Hdb. 1912 : 632-3 ; English and Dutch, B. F. S. P. 81 : 13-14. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND NICARAGUA. 337 

(a) Duties of tonnage, harbor, lio-hthouse. quarantine, and all 
similar or corresponding duties, under whatever name, levied in 
ports of either country on ships of the other, from whatever place 
arriving. (Addl. conv. 1851,^^ j^y^ j ) 

(h) Anj^ duty, charge, restriction, or prohibition imposed, and any 
drawback, bounty, or alloAvance granted, on goods imported into or 
exported from either country in vessels of the other. (Addl. conv. 
1851," Art. I.) 

(c) Eate of salvage payable by vessels of either country wrecked 
on coasts of the other. (Art. VI.) 

III. Other provisions. — Products of either country imported into 
the other, and any merchandise imported in ships of the other, to be 
received in either country for warehousing pending entry for con- 
sumption or reexportation, without being liable to any of the duties 
imposed on imports for consumption. (Art. Y.) 

IV. Application to colonies. — Possessions " beyond the sea" are 
expressly excluded from the terms of this treaty, which is limited 
to the European territories of both countries. (Decl. 22 Nov., 1837.^*) 

Treaty with Nicaragua. 
No. 176. 

Treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation hetwcen Great 
Britain and Nicaragua. 

SIGNED 28 July, 1905. Ratifications excliauged 24 Aug.. 1906. Effective for 
10 years, and thereafter indefinitely, subject to termination by 12 months' notice 
from either party (Art. XXI), except Article II i, relating to the port of San 
Juan del Norte), which is declared perpetual (Protocol. Art. II). 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 98 : 72-80 : Spanish, Hdb. 1912 : 637-46 : Nicara- 
gua Conv. Int. 1913 : 77-90. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting ianj privi- 
lege, favor, or immunity which either countr^^ may grant in matters 
relating to commerce, navigation, and industry. (Art. XI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) The coasting trade of both countries. (Art. I.) 

{h) All duties, charges, prohibitions, or restrictions imposed by 
either country on importation of products of the other, except sani- 
tary and other prohibitions to secure the safety of persons, cattle, or 
of plants useful to agriculture. (Art. III.) 

{c) All duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country 
on exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) All faculties, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
to consuls in either country. (Art. XII.) 

"2 English, Hdb. 1912 : 622-4 ; English and Dutch, B. F. S. P. 40 : 41-5. 

«* English, Hdb. 1912: 621-2; English and Dutch, B. F. S. P. 26 : 281-2. 



338 BKITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAUST AND NICARAGUA. 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All that relates to exemption from transit duties, warehousing, 
bounties, facilities, and drawbacks in either country. (Art. V.) 

(h) All taxes, charges, imposts, or obligations of whatever kind in 
either countr3r payable in respect of persons, passports, commerce, 
industry, and real or personal property. (Arts. XIII, XIV.) 

(c) Treatment of each other's citizens Avith regard to exemption of 
their dwellings and other premises from domiciliary visits or search, 
and exemption of their books, papers, or accounts from inspection or 
examination. (Art. XVI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
exemptions concerning matters of commerce and navigation, and ail 
taxes or imports relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Right of citizens of either country to come with their ships 
and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the other to which its 
own citizens may come. (Art. I.) 

(h) Importation and exportation. All articles which may be le- 
gally imported into or exported from either country in its own vessels 
may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving and for smj destination, without paying other or 
higher duties or charges of any kind, and subject to the same bounties 
or drawbacks as when carried in national vessels. (Art. VI.) 

(c) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, 
and other similar or corresponding duties of whatever nature, no 
matter by whom or how levied in either country on vessels of the 
other, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination. 
(Art. VII.) 

(d) Any privilege in regard to the stationing, loading, or unload- 
ing of vessels in ports, docks, rivers, or other waters of either countrv. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(e) Treatment of warships or merchant vessels of either nation 
seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, including salvage or other 
expenses incurred, and duties on salvaged merchandise cleared for 
consumption. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Full liberty for citizens of either country to exercise civil 
rights in the other, with special reference to rights or conditions re- 
garding acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
property of every description, in any manner whatever; including 
right to export property or proceeds thereof if sold; without paying 
any other or higher impost, duty, or charge in any of these respects 
than native citizens pay. (Art. XV.) 



BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAIN AND PARAGUAY. 339 

(,^) All rights, conditions, restrictions, or taxes concerning access 
to courts of justice; including deposits, sureties, and fees in legal 
cases, and employment of advocates or other agents in any cause. 
(Art. XVI.) 

(A) All rights regarding patents for inventions, trade-marks, and 
designs, upon fulfillment of formalities prescribed by law. (Artf 
XVII.) 

IV. other provisions. 

{a) Abolition of free port privileges at Port San Juan del Norte, 
which is placed on the same footing as other Xicaraguan ports with 
regard to municipal taxation, and all dues, taxes, and regulations 
affecting foreign trade and shipping. (Art. II.) 

(6) Seizure of goods bearing false indications of origin. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

V. Exceptions. 

{a) Most-favored-nation provisions granted by this treaty to 
Great Britain do not include special favors which Nicaragua may 
grant to other Central American Republics. (Protocol, Art. I.) 

(b) National treatment provisions do not apply to the coasting 
trade. (Art. I.) 

{c) Both countries reserve the right to take such steps as they may 
deem expedient, either by countervailing duties or otherwise, to neu- 
tralize the effect of bounties granted, directly or indirectly, on pro- 
duction or exportation of goods. (Protocol, Art. IV.) 

VI. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies to the 
following colonies, possessions, and protectorates, which adhered 
thereto in accordance with Article XX: British Honduras, Gambia, 
Hong Kong, Jamaica (also Turks, Caicos, and Cayman Islands), 
Leeward Islands, New Zealand, Northern Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra 
Leone, Southern Nigeria, Straits Settlements, Windward Islands. 
(B. F. S. P. 98 : 79-80 ; also Hertslet 25 : 964.) 

Treaty with Norway. 

See Sweden and Norway, No. 196. 

Treaty with Paraguay. 
No. 177. 

Treaty of friendshij)^ commerce ^ and navir/ation hetween Great 
Britain and Paraguay. 

SIGNED 16 Oct., 1884. Ratifications exchanged 10 May. 188G. Effective 
for 10 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: English and Spanish. B. F. S. P. 75: 929-42: English, Hdb. 1912: 
651-9; Spanish, Paraguay Tr. 1890: 83^. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below 
54083—22 23 



340 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND PARAGUAY. 

respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either party may 
grant in matters relating to commerce and navigation. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Customs treatment in either country of goods imported from 
the other, whether intended for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit; particularly as regards payment of duties, whether 
general, municipal, or local. (Art. III.) 

(h) All duties levied by either country on exportation of any 
goods to the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) Any prohibitions of importation, exportation, or transit estab- 
lished by either country against the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) All that relates to local dues, customs formalities, brokerage, 
j^atterns, or samples introduced by commercial travelers, and all 
other matters connected with trade. (Art. III.) 

(e) Functions to be exercised in either country by consular officers 
of the other, and all privileges, exemptions, and immunities relating 
thereto. (Art. X.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All favors, exemptions, or privileges in matters of navigation, 
including dues or charges in ports, docks, rivers, and other Avaters 
of either country: also pilotage, and all matters connected with 
navigation and local treatment of ships and their cargoes, in every 
respect, from whatever place arriving and whatever the place of 
origin or destination of the cargoes; except as noted below under 
V(h). (Art. IV.) 

(h) All rights in regard to patents or inventions, trade-marks, and 
designs. (Art. V.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Exercise of civil rights, with special reference to acquisition, 
possession, transmission, and disposal of, or succession to, property 
of every description in any manner whatever, under the same condi- 
tions as natives of the countrj'^; including right to export property 
or proceeds thereof if sold, without paying any other or higher 
impost, duty, or charge in any of these respects than is payable by 
natives of the country. (Art. VI.) 

(h) Treatment of each other's citizens with regard to exemption of 
their dwellings, factories, shops, and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and exemption of their books, papers, or accounts 
from inspection or examination. (Art. VII.) 

(c) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes concerning free access to 
courts of justice, and employment of advocates or others in any 
cause. (Art. VII.) 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND PARAGUAY. Ml 

(d) Protection of each other's citizens in regard to their persons,, 
houses, and properties; also freedom of conscience and religious 
belief. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Treatment of each other's warships or merchant vessels and 
their cargoes seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, including 
salvagv and other expenses incurred and customs duties on salvaged 
merchandise cleared for consumption. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Any charges or demands made by either country upon property 
of citizens of the other in case of rupture or war between the two 
countries. (Art. XIV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each, other's citizens from billeting and from 
all compulsory military service whatever by land or sea, likewise 
from all contributions imposed as compensation for billeting or for 
personal service, and from forced loans and military exactions or 
requisitions of any kind. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Reciprocal pledges concerning right of religious worship in 
private or public buildings, and right of burial in public cemeteries 
with suitable decorum and respect. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Consular jurisdiction of propert}^ left intestate in either 
country by deceased subjects of the other. (Art. XI.) 

(^) In case of rupture or war subjects of either countr}^ residing in 
the other may continue their trade or emploj^ment without interrup- 
tion so long as they behave peaceably and observe the laws; their 
property to be exempt from seizure or sequestration. In case the3r 
prefer to leave the country they shall be allowed to liquidate their 
accounts and arrange for disposal or safekeeping of their property, 
and shall have safe conduct to ports of their own selection. (Art. 
XIV.) 

(e) Free navigation of the Rivers Paragua}^ and Parana opened to 
British vessels, including the coasting trade. (Protocol.) 

V. Exceptions, 

(a) Most-favored-nation stipulations of Article III of this treat}', 
noted above under I a^d, do not confer upon British subjects the 
exceptional privileges of free trade reserved by Article XIII of the 
treaty of T June, 1883, between Paraguay and Brazil in favor of the 
Province Matto-Grosso. (Protocol.) 

(h) Most-favored-nation and national treatment stipulations of 
Articles II and IV of this treaty, noted above under I and II (a), 
do not confer upon owners of steamships plying between British and 
Paraguayan ports the right to claim any such special privileges or 
subventions as either country may consider expedient to grant to 
other lines for specified ends and purposes. (Protocol.) 

VI. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies to all 
British colonies and foreign possessions, " so far as the laws permit,'* 



342 BRITISH empire: great BRITAiX AXD PERSIA. 

except Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand, and South Africa. 
Any British colony or possession may withdaw from this treaty 
separately on 12 months' notice at any time. Nevertheless the prod- 
ucts of any colony or possession enjoy in Paraguay complete and 
unconditional most- favored-nation treatment so long as products of 
Paraguay receive in such colony or possession treatment as favorable 
as products of any other country. (Decl. 14 Mar., 1908.®^) 

Treaties with Persia. 

T:^^----- '"^ ~' '■' ' No. 178. 

Treaty of fpace between Great Britain and Persia. 

SIGNED 4 IMar.. 1S57. Ratilicjitioiis exclitm.ced 2 May. 1857. Duration in 
definite. 

TEXT: En.i^nisli. B. F. S. P. 47:42-8; Hdb. 1912:663-70. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged to sul)- 
jects of either country in the other as regards their trade in every 
respect, and likewise with regard to establishment and recognition 
of consular officers in either country. (Art. IX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Persia to 
the British Government and to its servants and subjects with re- 
gard to all privileges, immunities, rights, and considerations which 
Persia may accord to any other Government or its servants and sub- 
jects. (Art. XII.) 

II. Other provisions of this treaty are superseded by the agree- 
ment of 21 Mar., 1920, or relate to matters of no immediate com- 
mercial interest. 



No. 179. 

Coniwercial convention between Great Britain and 
amended hy agreement of 21 Mar., 1920. 

SIGNED 9 Feb., 1903. Ratifications exchanged 27 May, 1903. Duration in- 
definite, subject to termination by 12 montbs' notice from either i)nrty. (Agrt., 
21 Mar., 1920,®" Art. 18.) The tariffs and the customs regulations annexed to 
the convention are sub.1ect to revision on 21 Mar., 1925, and every five years 
thereafter in the manner stated. (Agrt. 21 Mar., 1920, Art. 12.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 96: 51-84; Hdb. 1912: 070-700; English (trans.), 
Hortslet 23 : 1213-40. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged, as follows : 

British subjects and imports into Persia, as well as Persian sub- 
jects and imports into the British Empire, shall continue to enjoy 
under all conditions most-favored-nation treatment, with special 
reference to : 

«s English, B. F. S. P. 101: 200-1; 102: 886-7; Hdb. 1912: 660-1. 
66 French and English (transl.), G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 17, Cmd. 1011. 



BEITISH EMPIEE : GREAT BRITAIN AND PERSIA. 343 

(a) Customs procedure applied to merchandise imported into or 
exported from the United Kingdom bv Persian subjects. (Art. 

(l) Transit taxes levied in Persia on British merchandise for up- 
keep of roads. (Art. 1\ .) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocall}^ pledged to vessels and boats of both countries in all 
matters relating to trade and navigation, including port and harbor 
facilities and charges of all kinds. (Agrt., 21 Mar., 1920,«« Art. 4.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Prohibitions or restrictions against exportation of merchan- 
dise from either country may be imposed onl}^ in the interests of 
public safety or to prevent exportation of foodstuffs or materials of 
industry needed in the country of production. (Art. III.) 

(Jj) Responsibility assumed by Persia for safety of merchandise 
deposited in warehouses of Persian customs offices. British traders 
to have the right of storage in bond for 12 months without paj-ment 
of duties or taxes therefor. ' (-^^t- V.) 

(c) General regulations for improvement of Persian customs ad- 
ministration to be established in agreement with the British Lega- 
tion at Teheran. Persia agrees to appropriate specified portion of 
her net revenue from customs duties to improve customs and trade 
facilities at her ports and land-frontier customs stations; including 
adequate, convenient, and expeditious means for loading and un- 
loading of ships and the landing, customs examination, and storing 
of goods, and deliver}^ of goods to consignees. (Agrt. 21 Mar., 
1920,«« Art. 10.) '^ ^ 

(d) Transit facilities to be provided in either country for goods 
originating in or destined for the other. (Ibid., Art. 5.) 

(e) Excise duties on articles produced in Persia shall not be levi- 
able on similar imported goods of British origin; except that, when 
excise duty is levied generally throughout Persia on tobacco, opium, 
spirits, or salt exceeding the import duty on similar goods, Persia 
may increase the import duty to the same amount; to be again re- 
duced whenever the excise duty is decreased or discontinued. (Ibid., 
Art. 6.) 

(/) Persia agrees to take the necessary measures for regulation of 
trade-marks and merchandise marks to protect imported products 
against unfair competition from goods bearing counterfeit trade- 
marks or false marks or false indications of origin. But the benefit 
of this protection shall not be extended to products of territories in 



«« French and English (transl.), G. B. T. S. 1920. No. 17, Cmd. 1011. 



^ 



344 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND PERU. 

which similar protection is not accorded to Persian prodnct's. (Ibid., 
Art. 8.) 

(g) Persia will endeavor to place her currency on a more satis- 
factory basis and to stabilize exchange. (Ibid., Art. 11.) 

{h) The import and export tariffs set out in Annex I to the agree- 
ment of 1920 are substituted for tariffs A and C of the convention of 
1903 ; all references to tariff B in that convention are declared obso- 
lete. (Ibid., Art. 9.) 

(^) Revised texts of specified articles of Persian customs regula- 
tions. (Ibid., Annex II.) 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This convention applies to 
the British Empire in general (Art. II) ; it is understood, however, 
that a British colony having a distinct customs system and ceasing to 
accord most-favored-nation treatment to Persian imports will no 
longer be entitled to claim such treatment for its own imports into 
Persia. (Art. II and agrt. 21 Mar., 1920,«*5 Art. 3.) 

Treaty with Peru. 
No. 180. 

Treaty of friendship, commerce^ and )Hirlgatlo)i hefineen Great 
Britain and Peru. 

SIGNED 10 Apr.. 1850. Ratifications exchanged 1.5 Oct., 1852. Duration in- 
de.finite, except as to Articles III to "^'I (raost-favorefl-nation treatment in 
matters of commerce and navigation), wliicli, being terminable separately 
(Art. XVI), were terminated in 18f)4. 

TEXT : English, Hdb. 1912 : 701-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

{a) Assistance to each other's merchant vessels Avith respect to 
recovery of seamen deserters. (Art. X.) 

{b) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to diplo- 
matic and consular officers in either country. (Art. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) Right of citizens of either country to come with their ships and 
cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers in the other where trade with 
other nations is permitted, and right to reside there, and to hire and 
occupy houses and warehouses, and trade b}^ wholesale or retail in 
all kinds of merchandise of lawful commerce, enjoying the same 
exemptions and privileges and subject to the same laws, decrees and 
established customs as native subjects. (Art. II.) 

(6) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other, personally or otherwise, without being obliged to employ 
brokers, interpreters, etc., other than those employed by native citi- 
es French and English (transl.), G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 17, Cmd. 1011. 



BRITISH EMPIPxE : GEEAT BRITATX AND PERU, 345 

zens, or to pay other or higher remuneration than native citizens pay, 
with full liberty to buy and sell all articles of lawful commerce and to 
fix prices thereof, without being prejudiced by any privilege granted 
to other individuals to buy or sell. (Art. VII.) 

(c) All rights and privileges regarding protection of persons and 
IDroperty, open access to courts of justice, and right to employ advo- 
cates or other agents in any cause. (Art. VII.) 

(d) All privileges, liberties, rights, imposts, or duties relating to 
police of the ports; loading and unloading of ships; warehousing and 
safety of merchandise, goods, and effects; succession to personal 
estates by will or otherwise and disposal of personal property of 
every sort in any manner whatever, subject to the local laws and regu- 
lations in force. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) All ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes in either country. 
(Art. IX.) 

(/) Any charges or demands made by either country upon prop- 
erty of citizens of the other in case of rupture or war between the 
two nations. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Salvage and other expenses incurred by vessels of either na- 
tion wrecked on the coast of the other. (Art. XI Y.) 

III. Other provisions of this treaty relate to : 

(a) Consular jurisdiction of property left intestate in either 
country by deceased subjects of the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service whatever, by land or sea, and from all forced loans and 
military exactions or requisitions. (Art. IX.) 

(c) In case of rupture or war, citizens of either country may con- 
tinue their trade or employment in the other without interruption 
so long as they behave peaceably and observe the laws, their property 
to be exempt from seizure and sequestration. In case they prefer to 
leave the country they shall have from 6 to 12 months to wind up 
their accounts and dispose of their property, and safe conduct to a 
port of their own selection. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Protection of each other's citizens in regard to their persons, 
houses, and properties; freedom of conscience and religious belief, 
and right of burial with suitable decorum and respect. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) Assistance to be given in either country to shipwrecked ves- 
sels of the other. (Art. XIV.) 

(/) Peru agrees to cooperate with Great Britain for total aboli- 
tion of the slave trade. (Art. XV.) 



346 BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAIN AND PORTUGAU 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 181. 

Treaty of cominerce and navigation hetween Great Britain and Por- 
tugal. 

SIGNED 12 Aug:.. 1914. Ratifications exchanged 20 May, 1916. Effective 
from 23 Sept., 1916, for 10 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' 
notice from either party. Terminable separately at any time on 12 months' 
notice as regards dominions, colonies, possessions, or protectorates adhering 
thereto. (Art. 23.) 

TEXT: English and Portuguese, G. P>. T. S. 1916, No. 6, Cd. 8402; English, 
Hertslet 27 : 1022-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity Avhich either country 
ma}^ accord in matters relating to commerce, navigation, and indus- 
try, in all respects. (Art. 3.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Duties or charges levied by either countr}^ on importation of 
products of the other, from whatever place arriving, and on exporta- 
tion of its products to the other. (Art. 5.) 

{b) Treatment accorded by either country to the goods of the 
other with regard to their importation, exportation, or reexportation, 
and duties relating thereto; also customs facilities, warehousing, 
transhipment, drawbacks, and commerce and navigation _ in general, 
(Art. 5.) ,,,,|.^^ ^. 

{c) Any prohibition or restriction imposed by either country 
against importation of products of the other, from Avhatever place 
arriving; except: 

(1) Sanitary or other prohibitions to protect the safety of persons 
or of cattle, or of plants useful for agriculture. 

(2) Measures applicable in either country to articles enjoying a 
direct or indirect bounty in the other. (Art. 7.) 

{d) A.nj prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
against exportation of any article to the other. (Art. 7.) 

{e) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
against transit of products of the other. (Art. 8.) 

(/) Treatment of commercial travelers and their samples in either 
country. (Art. 10.) 

{g) Eight of vessels of either country to carry passengers to or 
from the other, and to import or export into or from either country 
any merchandise which may be legally imported or exported, and all 
privileges, duties, or charges relating thereto. (Art. 11.) 

{h) Stationing, loading, and unloading of vessels in ports, docks, 
and waters of either country, and all privileges relating thereto. 
(Art. 14.) 



BEITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BEITAIX AXD PORTUGAL. 347 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting war charges connected with posses- 
sion of landed property, also quartering of troops and other special 
requisitions or exactions for military forces in either country. 
(Art. 2.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, immunities, and other 
favors in matters of commerce and industry (Art. 1). with special 
reference to : 

(a) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, or rivers in 
either country. (Art. 1.) 

(h) Any duties, taxes, imposts, or licenses of any kind imposed by 
either country in respect of commerce or industry. (Art. 1.) 

(c) Acquisition and poss^ession of or succession to every description 
of property movable or immovable and disposal thereof in any man- 
ner whatever, including export of property or proceeds thereof, and 
all taxes, duties, imposts, or other charges of whatever kind relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. 4.) 

(d) Excise, octroi, or consumption dues levied by the State or by 
municipalities in either country. These must not bear more heavily 
on imported articles of the other country than on similar articles of 
native origin. (Art. 9.) 

(e) Any dues payable in either country by vessels of the other 
seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, also salvage and other 
expenses in case of stranding or shipwreck. (Art. 15.) 

(/) All rights regarding patents for inventions, trade-marks, or 
designs subject to formalities prescribed by law in either country. 
(Art. 20.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Subjects of either countr}^ are exempt in the other from all 
personal military service and from all Avar charges, forced loans, and 
military requisitions or contributions of whatever nature, except 
those connected Avith possession of landed property, as noted aboA^e 
under II; and their properties cannot be seized or sequestrated, nor 
their ships, cargoes, goods, or effects retained for any public use 
Avithout equitable compensation preA^ously allowed. (Art. 2.) 

(h) The descriptions "Port" and "Madeira" applied to wine 
imported into and sold for consumption in the United Kingdom is a 
false trade description within the meaning of the merchandise marks 
act 188T, unless said wines are the produce of Portugal and the Island 
of Madeira. (Art. 6 and declar., Art. 1.) 

(c) Products of either country are exempt from all transit duties 
in the other, whether passing direct or unloaded, warehoused, and 
reloaded. (Art. 8.) 



348 BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAI^^ AND RUMANIA. 

(d) Temporary duty-fre-e admission of commercial travelers' sam- 
ples subject in either country to customs regulations and formalities 
relating thereto. (Art. 10.) 

(e) Each country reserves the right to confine the coasting trade 
to its national vessels. But vessels of either country may load or dis- 
charge foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same voy- 
age, and may carry from port to port passengers holding through 
tickets or merchandise consigned on through bills of lading to or 
from some foreign place. (Art. 12.) 

(/) Commercial, industrial, and financial companies and associa- 
tions duly organized and registered in either country may exercise 
their rights in the other, with special reference to actions in courts 
(Art. 17) : subject to conditions stated regarding establishment of 
local branches or agencies for banking or assurance operations (final 
protocol). 

{(/) Arbitration of controversies regarding interpretation or 
application of this treaty, or of conventional tariffs between the 
contracting parties and third States, and statement of procedure 
relating thereto. (Art. 22.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Provisions of this treaty do not apply to the coasting trade, 
each country reserving the right to confine to national vessels the 
trade between any port within its territories. (Art. 12.) 

{!)) Most- favored-nation provisions do not include special favors 
which Portugal may accord to the goods or vessels of Spain and 
Brazil. (Final protocol.) 

VI. Application to colonies. — This treaty applies to Portugal and 
to adjacent islands (Madeira, Porto Santo, and Azores), but not to 
any of the dominions, colonies, possessions, or protectorates of either 
party except those adhering thereto before 21 May, 1917. Never- 
theless, products of any colony, possession, etc., of either party re- 
ceive complete and unconditional most-favored-nation treatment in 
Portugal and the United Kingdom, respectively, so long as the 
products of either country are given by such colony, possession, etc., 
treatment as favorable as products of anv foreign countrv. (An. 
XXL) 

For colonial accessions see G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 10, Cd. 302. 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 182. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Great Britain and 
Rumania. 

SIGNED 31 Oct., 1905. Ratifications exchanged IT Mar., 1906. Effective 
until 17 Mar., 1910, and tliereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from 
either partv. (Art. XVIII.) 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 98 : 86-97 ; Hdb. 1912 : 730--12. 



BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND RUMAjSTIA. 349 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either party 
mnv irrant in matters relating to commerce, navigation, and industry. 
(Art! II.) " 

]Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Acquisition and possession of all kinds of property and dis- 
posal or inheritance thereof in any manner whatever. (Art. III.) 

{!)) Eights of citizens of either country in the other with re- 
gard to exemption from compulsory military service by land or sea 
an^l from obligation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal 
functions, and all contributions, exactions, or requisitions relating 
thereto. (xA.rt. IV.) 

(r) All duties, charges, prohibitions, or restrictions on importa- 
tion into either country of products of the other, from whatever 
place arriving; except sanitary measures for protection of persons, 
cattle, or useful plants, and measures applicable in either country to 
articles receiving a direct or indirect bounty in the other. (Art. V.) 

(<'/) Any charges imposed by either country on exportation of its 
products to the other, and any prohibitions imposed on exportation 
of am^ article from either country to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Any privilege accorded by either country in respect to its 
fisheries and coasting trade. (Art. X.) 

(/) Treatment of commercial travelers and their samples in either 
country. (Declar. annexed.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re 
ciprocally pledged with respect to taxes, imposts, or obligations of 
an}^ kind whatever imposed upon persons, property, commerce, and 
industry in either country. (Art. I.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Freedom of commerce and navigation (Art. I) ; except fisher- 
ies and the coasting trade of either country (Art. X). 

(h) All taxes, duties, imposts, or charges on acquisition, disposal, 
inheritance, or export of property or of proceeds thereof. (Art. 

in.) 

(c) All privileges and immunities regarding free access to courts 
of justice and employment of advocates and agents therein. (Art. 

in.) 

(d) Internal duties affecting the production or consumption of 
any article in either country. These must not bear more heavily on 
imported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
native origin. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Right of vessels of either country to import into or export 
from the other any merchandise which may be legally imported or 



350 BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAIN AND RUMANIA. 

exported, and all privileges, duties, or cliarges relating thereto. 
(Art. IX.) 

(/) All privileges in regard to stationing, loading, and unloading 
of vessels in ports, docks, and waters of either country. (Art. XI.) 

{g) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, 
or analogous duties of any kind, no matter by whom or how levied in 
either country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving 
or whatever their destination. (Art. XII.) 

(A) All privileges and immunities accorded by either country to 
ships of the other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, in- 
cluding payment of dues relating thereto. (Art. XIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from all contributions imposed as 
equivalent therefor; from judicial, administrative, and municipal 
functions (save those relating to jury service and guardianship), and 
from all military exactions or requisitions, save those incumbent on 
possession of landed property. (Art. IV.) 

{h) Products of the United Kingdom enumerated in the tariff an- 
nexed to the treaty shall not, on importation into Roumania, pay 
other or higher duties than specified in said tariff. (Art. V.) 

(c) Products of either country are exempt from all transit duties 
•in the other, whether passing direct, or unloaded, warehoused, and 
reloaded. (Art. VII.) 

{d) Exemption from internal duty in either countrj^ of products 
of the other intended for warehousing or transit. (Art. VIII.) 

V. Exceptions. — Nothing in this treaty shall be allowed to dero- 
gate from: 

{a) Special laws, ordinances, or regulations of either country ap- 
plicable to all foreigners and relating to matters of police and public 
security, or to encouragement of national industry. (Declar. an- 
nexed.) 

{h) Eeservation in favor of native subjects of the exercise of cer- 
tain trades or professions in conformity with the laws of the two 
countries. (Ibid.) 

{c) Favors which may be accorded to adjoining States to facili- 
tate local traffic within a zone not exceeding 15 kilometers broad on 
each side of the frontier. (Ibid.) 

VI. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies only to 
those colonies, possessions, or protectorates beyond the seas which ad- 
hered thereto before 17 Mar., 1907. Nevertheless, products of any 
British colony, possession, etc., are entitled to complete and uncondi- 
tional most-favored-nation treatment in Roumania, so long as such 
colony, etc., accords to Roumanian products treatment as favorable 
as to products of any other foreign country. (Art. XVII.) 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND RUSSIA. 351 

For list of colonial accessions (which does not include Canada, 
Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, or India), see Hdb. 1912: 
742. or Hertslet 21 : 959. 

Treaties with Russia. 

No. 183. 

Agree7nent tetween Great Britain and Russia ^'^ respecting C07n7ner- 
cial relations hetioeen Russia, and Zamihar. 

SIGNED 24 Aug., 1896, nt London. Effective for 10 years from date of sig- 
nature, and thereafter terminable on 12 montlis' notice from eitlier party. 
Subject to modification at any time by common consent, as experience may 
render desirable. (Art. III.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 88: 17-19: Hdb. 1912: 754-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) in matters of commerce and naA^ga- 
tion. and in all other respects ; with special reference to : 

(a) Duties which either country may impose on vessels or mer- 
chandise of the other on importation or exportation. (Art. I.) 

(h) All rights, privileges, immunities^ and exemptions to be ac- 
corded to consuls of either country in the other. (Art. II.) 

II. Exceptions. — The provisions of Article I (noted under I and 
I a above) do not apply to : 

{a) Favors which Russia may accord to residents of the Province 
of Archangel regarding importation and exportation, or concerning 
trade with the north and east coasts of Siberia. (Art. I, 1.) 

{h) Special stipulations of the Treaty of 8 May, 1838, between 
Russia and Sweden and Norway. (Ibid., 2.) 

{c) Russian commerce with Asiatic countries bordering on Rus- 
sia. (Ibid.) 

No. 184. 

Preliminary tra.de agreement between Great Britain and the Russian 
Soviet government. 

SIGNED 16 Mar., 1921, at London. Effective from date of signature until 
replaced by a general peace treaty between the two countries ; but terminable 
after 12 months by either party on 6 months' notice, and terminable immedi- 
ately by either party upon breach of stated conditions by the other. (Art. 
XIII.) 

TEXT: English, Bd. Tr. .1. 17 Mar.. 1921: 295-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment. 

{a) Each country agrees not to exercise any discrimination against 
trade with the other in any commodities which may be legally im- 
ported into or exported from either countrj^, as compared with trade 
carried on with any other foreign country; subject always to legisla- 

e^ See p. 757, note 195. 



352 BEITISH empire: great BRITAIN AND RUSSIA. 

tion generally applicable in the respective countries (Art. I) ; and 
subject to exceptions noted below under III a. 

(b) Telegrams and radiotelegrams of official agents of either 
country in the other shall enjoy any right of priority over private 
messages that may be generally accorded to messages of the official 
representatives of foreign governments in either country. (Art. V.) 

(c) Russian official agents in the United Kingdom shall enjoy the 
same privileges in respect of exemption from taxation, central or 
local, as are accorded to official representatives of other foreign gov- 
ernments. British official agents in Russia shall enjo}^ equivalent 
privileges, which shall in no case be less than those accorded to official 
agents of any other country. (Art. V.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) This agreement is subject to fulfillment of the following con- 
ditions : 

(1) That each party refrains from hostile action or undertakings 
against the other and from conducting outside of its own borders 
any official propaganda (as defined) against the institutions of the 
other, with special reference to Russian action or propaganda in 
India and Afghanistan, and to England's attitude toward indei:)end- 
ent countries which formed part of the former Russian Empire. 

(2) That all British subjects in Russia are immediately p' rmitted 
to return home, and that all Russian citizens in any part o^ the Brit- 
ish Empire wdio desire to return to Russia are similarly released. 
(Preamble.) 

(h) Both parties agree not to impose or maintain any form of 
blockade against each other, and to remove all obstacles hitherto 
placed in the way of resumption of trade between the United Kingdom 
and Russia, and agree not to place any impediments in the way of 
banking, credit, and financial operations for the purpose of such 
trade. (Art. I.) 

(c) The ships of either country, their masters, crews, and cargoes 
shall enjoy in ports of the other in all respects the treatment, privi- 
leges, facilities, immunities, and protection which are usually ac- 
corded by the established practice of commercial nations to foreign 
merchant ships, their masters, crews, and cargoes, visiting their 
ports, including the facilities usually accorded in respect of coal and 
water, pilotage, berthing, dry docks, cranes, repairs, warehouses, and 
generally all services, appliances, and premises connected with mer- 
chant shipping (Art. II), subject to exceptions noted below under 
III h, 

(d) The British Government undertakes not to take part in any 
measures tending to restrict or hinder Russian ships from exercising 
the rights of free navigation of the high seas, straits, and navigable 



BRITISH EMPIEi:: GREAT BRITAIN AND RUSSIA. 35S 

waterways which are enjoved by ships of other nationalities. (Art. 

II.) 

(e) The Russian Soviet Government undertakes to clear the sea 
passages to the ports and shores of Russia from mines. (Art. III.) 

(/) Citizens of either country carrying on trade in the other are 
exempt from all compulsory services Avhatsoever, whether civil, naval, 
military, or other, and from any contributions imposed as equivalent 
for personal service, and shall have right of egress. (Art. lY.) 

(g) Provisions concerning communications by post, telegraph, and 
wireless telegraphy, in accordance with provisions of the general in- 
ternational telegraph and postal conventions. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Either country may appoint official agents to reside in the 
other, to facilitate execution of this agreement, and to protect the in- 
terests of their nationals. Statement of rights, immunities, and fa- 
cilities to be accorded by either country to official agents of the other. 
(Arts. V, YI.) 

(i) Exchange of private postal and telegraphic correspondence be- 
tween both countries is renewed by this treaty, as well as dispatch 
and acceptance of wireless messages and parcels by post, in accord- 
ance with rules and regulations existing up to 1914. (Art. YIL) 

(y) Passports, documents of identity, powers of attorney, and simi- 
lar documents issued or certified by the competent authorities in 
either country to enable trade to be carried on under this agreement 
shall be treated in the other country as if they were issued or cer- 
tified by the authorities of a recognized foreign Government. (Art. 
YIII.) 

(k) The British Government agrees not to initiate any steps with 
a view to attach or take possession of any gold, funds, securities, or 
commodities (not being articles identifiable as the property of the 
British Government) which may be exported from Russia in pay- 
ment for imports or as securities for such payment, or of any moA^able 
or immovable property which may be acquired by the Russian Soviet 
Government within the United Kingdom. (Art. IX.) 

(I) The British Government will not take steps to obtain any 
special legislation not applicable to other countries against the 
importation into the United Kingdom of precious metals from Russia 
(other than British or allied), or the storing, analysing, refining, 
melting, mortgaging, or disposing thereof in the United Kingdom, 
and will not requisition such metals. (Art. IX.) 

(m) Provision concerning disposal of Government funds or 
property of either country in the other. (Art. X.) 

(n) Products of either country imported into the other in 
pursuance of this agreement shall not be subjected therein to com- 



354 BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAIN AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

pulsory requisition on the part of the Government or of any local 
authority. (Art. XI.) 

(0) Provision concerning rights and claims of nationals of either 
party in respect of patents, trade-marks, designs, and copyrights in 
the territory of the other. (Art. XII.) 

(p) Declaration recognizing claims of either party or of its 
nationals against the other in respect of property, rights, and services, 
or in respect of obligations incurred by the existing or former 
Government of either country. (Decl. annexed.) 

III. Exceptions. 

(a) Nothing in Art. I (noted under I a above) shall: 

(1) Prevent either party from regulating the trade in arms and 
ammunition under general provisions of law. (Art. I.) 

(2) Be construed as overriding provisions of any general inter- 
national convention binding on either party by which the trade in 
any particular article may be regulated, as for example the opium 
convention. (Art. I.) 

(h) Nothing in Article II (noted under II d above) shall impair 
the right of either party to take precautions authorized by its laws 
with regard to admission of aliens into its territories. (Art. II.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State.'' 
No. 185. 

Treaty of coinmerce hetiveen Great Britain and Serbia. 

SIGNED 17 Feb.. 1907. Ratilicatious exchanged 31 Mar., 1908. Effective 
until 31 Dec. 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from 
either party. Terminable separately at any time by 12 months' notice from 
either party as regards any British colony, possession, or protectorate adher- 
ing thereto. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT : English, Hdb. 1912 : 761-74 ; B. F. S. P. 100 : 561-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either coun- 
try may grant in matters relating to commerce, navigation, and in- 
dustry, in all respects. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Acquisition and possession of every description of property, 
]novable or immovable, which laws of the country permit foreigners 
to acquire and possess. (Art. III.) 

(&) Rights of citizens of either country in the other with regard 
to exemption from compulsory military service by land or sea, and 
from obligation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal 

68 See p. 771, note 197. 



BRITISH EMPIRE I GREAT BRITAIN AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 355 

functions; and all contributions, exactions, or requisitions relating 
thereto. (Art. IV.) ;r 1(» iio^q'M:^^ 

(c) Import duties, charges, or prohibitions ii^pdfeied by either 
country on products of the other, from whatever place arriving; 
except sanitary and other prohibitions to secure the safety of persons 
or of cattle, or of plants useful to agriculture, and except measures 
applicable in either country to articles enjoying a direct or indirect 
bounty in the other. (Art. V.) 

{d) Any charges imposed by either country on exportation of its 
products to the other. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Any prohibitions imposed b}^ either country against exports 
of any articles to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Treatment accorded by either country to commercial travelers 
of the other and their samples. (Art. VIII.) 

{g) All facilities, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
by either country to consular officers. (Art. X.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged regarding all taxes, imposts, or obligations of any 
kind payable in either country in respect of persons, commerce, and 
industry. (Art. I.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, favors, immunities, and exemptions 
in matters of commerce and navigation (Art. I), with special refer- 
ence to : 

{a) Access with ships and cargoes to all ports and places in either 
country. (Art. I.) 

{h) Disposal of every description of property, movable or immov- 
able, by sale, gift, testament, or any other manner, and all taxes, im- 
posts, or charges of any kind relating thereto, including right to 
export property or proceeds thereof, and all duties relating thereto. 
(Art. III.) 

{c) All privileges and immunities regarding access to courts of 
justice in either country, and employment of agents and advocates 
therein. (Art. III.) 

{d) Internal duties affecting production or consumption, levied 
in either country for the State or for local authorities or corpora- 
tions. These must not bear more heavil}^ on imported products from 
the other country than on similar articles of native production, ex- 
cept the Serbian duties known as Trosharina (as fixed by specified 
laws) levied on British products not produced in Serbia. (Art. IX.) 

{e) Rights of citizens of either country in regard to patents for 
inventions, trade-marks, and designs, subject to formalities pre- 
scribed by law. (Art. XL) 
54083—22 24 



356 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

IV. other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsorv mili- 
tary service by land or sea, from all contributions in lieu of per- 
sonal serA^ice, and from any military exactions or requisitions (sub- 
ject to exceptions regardino: which most- favored-nation treatment 
is pledged) ; also from all judicial, administrative, and municipal 
functions, except those imposed bv the laws relating to juries. 
(Art. IV.) 

(h) Specified import duties in Serbia on products of the United 
Kingdom are listed in the tariff annexed to the treaty. (Art. V.) 

(c) Products of either country passing through the other are ex- 
empt from all transit duties, whether passing direct or unloaded, 
warehoused, and reloaded. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Products of either country imported into the other for ware- 
housing or transit are exempt from all internal duties. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Government seizure of goods purporting by false indications 
of origin to' be British or Serbian products. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Arbitration of controversies regarding interpretation or appli- 
cation of the tariff annexed to this treaty and (subject to a special 
understanding) of tariff rates between the two countries and third 
States (Art. XIV); also statement oi proceduxa relating thereto 
(Final protocol). u/^fr/f^ro .«H5>it ,i i- vfn1')M(!- , 

(g) Serbia undertakes to prevent unfair competition with British 
yarns introduced into Serbia in bundles. (Declaration.) 

V. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation stipulations noted under 
I c above do not apply to : 

(a) Obligations imposed on eithQr, country by a customs union. 

(Art. XV, i.) w. vr..; -(- .n.-,<Y; 

(h) Favors granted to adjoining States to facilitate local frontier 
traffic w^ithin 15 kilometers of the boundary line, such favors to be 
extended onl}^ to products of agriculture, stock raising, dairy farm- 
ing, forestry, fisheries, and similar articles, but in no case to in- 
dustrial products. (Art. XV.) This provision not to be binding 
as regards a convention on this subject which may be concluded 
betw^een Serbia and Bulgaria. (Art. XV, 2, and final protocol.) 

VI. Application to British colonies. — This treaty does not apply 
to British colonies, possessions, or protectorates beyond the seas, ex- 
cept those adhering thereto before 1 x\pril. 1909. Nevertheless, prod- 
ucts of any British colony, etc., receive in Serbia complete and 
unconditional most- favored-nation treatment so long as such colony, 
etc., accords to Serbian goods treatment as favorable as to products 
of any other foreign country. (Art. XIII.) Serbia to receive rea- 
sonable notice from any British colony, etc., intending to withdraw 
such treatment theretofore accorded to Serbian products. (Final 
protocol.) 



BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND SIAM. 357 

For a loiio^ list of British colonies adhering to this treaty (which 
does not include India, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, or South 
Africa) see B. F. S. P. 100:568-9, or Hdb. 1912:774. 

Treaties with Slam. 
No. 186. 

T reaty hetireejt Great Britain and Siam and commercial aqreement 
annexed thereto. 

SIGNED' 20 JiiHc, 1826. Ai'tides IV, Y, VII. IX, and parts of Y] and X were 
abroirated by treaty of 18 Apr.,' 1855, and Article XIII partially annulled at 
reques^t of Slam. The renuiining articles are subject to reTision on 12 months* 
notice from either party. (Treaty of 1855, Art. XI, see Xc 1S7. ) Gontirmed 
I )y treaty of 10 Mar.. 1909, see No. 188. 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 23 : 1153-9 : Hdb. 1912 : 775-81. 

Articles not abro^-ated ])y later treaties contain provisionsclealing 
with: 

{a) Defrauding of the merchants of either countr}^ bv subjects of 
the other. (Art. VI.) ,4 oinJiuj. ii.'q:Ui ,. 

(h) Assistance and protection to vessels in''difeti'^ss*.''trea[trii^nt of 
]3roperty collected from shipwrecked vessels, and succession to prop- , 
erty left in either country by deceased subjects of the other. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(<?) Trade of certain British Asiatics with Siam over land and by 
water. (Art. X.) ■ ^ ;;^:^;^- 

(d) Prevention of sale of imported' ^r^arms, etc.. except to Siamese 
Government. (Com. agrt. annexed, Art. 1.) 

No. i'8 7. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce hetween Great Britain and Siam 
as amend'ed l>y supplementary agreement. 

SIGNED 18 Apr., 1855. Ratifications exchanged 5 Apr.. 1856. Duration in- 
definite. (Art. XII.) Subject to revision on 12 months' notice from either- 
partv. (Art. XI.) Many articles amended by supplementary agreement of 13 
^lay, 1856.'' Confirmed by treaty of 1909-, see No. 188. 

TEXT : B. F. S. P. 46 : 138-46 ; Hd\). 191!> : ,781^802. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by Siam to the Brit- 
ish Government and its subjects respecting free and equal participa- 
tion in any privileges which Siam may grant to the Government or 
subjects of any other nation. (Art. X.) 

II. National treatment is pledged by Siam in regard to : 

{a) Taxation of landed property in Siam owned by British sub- 
jects conformably to conditions stated. (Art. IV. schedule of taxes 
appended to supp. agrt. 1856.^^) 



English, Hdb. 1912 : 791-802 ; B. F. S. P. 46 : 146-57. 



358 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AIS^D SIAM. 

{h) British shipping privileges in Siam, including all privileges 
granted to Siamese or Chinese vessels or junks. (Art. VIII.) 

III. Other provisions relate to: 

{a) Protection and assistance by either country to subjects of the 
oth*er for purposes of residence and trade, (i^rt. I.) 

(b) Right of British subjects to trade in all Siamese seaports, to 
reside within limits assigned by this treat3% and to buy or rent houses 
or lands within boundaries defined. (Art. IV and supp. agrt.,*^^ Arts. 
X, XI.) 

(<?) Right of British subjects to dispose of their property at will. 
Consular administration of estates left in Siam by British decedents. 
(Supp. agrt.,«^ Art. III.) 

{d) Consular registration of British residents in Siam. Passports 
required for travel outside residential limits. (Art. V and supp. 
agrt.;^^ Art. V.) 

{e) Right of British subjects to free exercise of the Christian re- 
ligion, and to employ Siamese as servants. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Import duties to be 3 per cent of market value of the goods. 
payable in kind or money, at option of importer. Dravrback of full 
amount to be allowed on goods reexported. (Art. VIII.) 

{g) Exports of Siamese products to pay one impost only, under 
whatever name levied, as specified in tariff annexed. (Art. VIII.) 

{h) English merchants may purchase directly from producers and 
sell directly to purchaser. (Art, VIII.) 

{i) British shipbuilding in Siam permitted, under license. (Art. 
VIII.) 

( /) Export of salt, rice, and fish may be prohibited when scarcity is 
apprehended. (Art. VIII and supp. agrt.''^ Art. VI.) 

{h) Bullion or personal effects (as defined) may be imported or ex- 
ported free of charge. (Art. VIII; supp. agrt.,*^® Art. VII.) 

(Z) Regulations (appended to this treaty) for conduct of British 
trade in Siam to be enforced by the British consul and Siamese au- 
thorities in cooperation. (Art. IX.) 

(m) Tariff annexed to the treaty specifying export and inland 
duties to be levied on articles of trade. 



No. 188. 

Treaty hetween Great Britain and Siam relating to houndaries. juris- 
diction, rights of prope^^ty, taxes, etc. 

SIGNED 10 Mar., 1909. Ratifications exchanged 9 .July, 1909. Duration in- 
definite. 
•TEXT: English, B. F. S. P. 102:126-33; Hdb. 1912 : 814-22. 

1. National treatment is pledged by Siam to British subjects re- 
specting all rights and privileges, with special reference to rights of 

8» English, Hdb. 1912 : 791-802 ; B. F. S. P. 46 : 146-57. 



BPJTISB EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND SPAIN. 359 

property, residence, and travel, and all taxes or services imposed by 
law on Siamese subjects. (Art. VI.) 
11. Other provisions. 

(a) British subjects in Siam to be exempt from all military service 
and from all forced loans and militarv exactions or contributions. 
(Art. VI.) 

(b) Jurisdiction of Siamese courts to be extended to British sub- 
jects in manner stated, under conditions defined in Jurisdiction Pro- 
tocol annexed to the treaty. (Art. V.) For O. in C. providing for 
exercise of British jurisdiction in Siam, see Hertslet 27: 1038-52. 

(c) Confirmation of all previous treaties, conventions, etc., between 
^the two countries. (Art. VII.)' 

Treaties with Spain. 
No. 189. 

Treaty of peace and friendsMq) between Great Britain and Spain. 

SIGNED 23 May, 1667. at Madrid. No time limit stated. 

TEXT: English (trans!.), B. F. S. P. 1 : 563-608; Hdb. 1912: 823-38. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects of either countr}^ in ail territories and waters 
of the other with regard to all privileges, securities, liberties, and 
immunities of ever}^ kind, whether concerning their persons or trade. 
(Art. XXXVIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged with 
regard to : 

{a) Power and authority of consuls of either country in the 
execution of their charge in the other. (Art. XXVII.) 

{h) Freedom of subjects of either coimtry to choose the advocates, 
agents, and solicitor^ they may wish to employ in the other, and to 
keep their books of account, traffic, and correspondence in any 
language they please, without being constrained to show their books 
and papers of account. (Art. XXXI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to British subjects respecting any export duties, tolls, or 
other imposts payable in Spain or Spanish dominions. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Subjects of either country may freely and securely enter any 
ports or places of the other where trade and commerce are allowed, 
and may trade there, buying or selling from or to any inhabitants, 
native or foreign. (Art. II.) 

{h) Freedom of subjects of either countr}?^ to engage in trade, 
commerce, and navigation in all territories of the other, by land, sea, 
or fresh waters where trade and commerce are allowed; to repair 
their ships and carriages, and to depart freely and return to their 



360 BRITISH EMPIEE: great BRITAIN AND SPAIN. 

own or other countries ; subject only to payment of the existing duties 
and customs, and to observing the laws of the country. (Arts. 
IV, VII.) 

(c) Extension to British merchants of privileges and immunities 
granted by Spain in specified extensive cedulas of 1645 and 1663, 
and by an elaborate treaty of 1648, annexed to this treaty. (Arts. 
VIII, IX, and Annexes 1-3.) 

(d) Disputes between masters and seamen, or merchants, to be 
settled in the first instance b}^ consuls. (Art. XIX.) 

(e) Eight of subjects of either country to reside in the other, and 
to acquire and occupy houses, warehouses, and stores. (Art. XXX,) 

(/) Property of subjects of either country dying in the other to 
be preserved for lawful heirs and successors, subject to rights of 
third parties. (Arts. XXXIII-IV.) 

(f/) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning letters of re- 
prisal, marque, or countermarque (Art. Ill) ; prevention and punish- 
ment of unauthorized exactions of taxes, duties, gifts, or other 
charges (Art. VI) ; freedom of ships from unauthorized search (Art. 
X) ; exemption of vessels from payment of duties on undischarged 
cargo (Art. XI) ; drawbacks (Art. XII) ; treatment of ships in 
distress (Art. XIII) ; immunity of subjects of either country and 
their property from arbitrary detention in the other (Art. XVII) ; 
confiscation of prohibited merchandise and contraband (Arts. XVI, 
XXIII-XXVI) ; freedom of conscience (Art. XXVIII) ; sequestra- 
tion of estates (Art. XXXII) : and burial of British subjects dying 
in Spanish dominions (Art. XXXV). 



No. 190. 



Treaty of peace and friendship hetineen Great Britain and Spain. 

SIGNED 13 .Tilly, 1713, at Utrecht. No time limit stated. 

TEXT: English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 1:611-15; Hdb. 1912:8-55-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects of either country in the other respecting all 
favors of any kind which either party may grant to subjects of 
France or any other foreign nation; with special reference to any 
privileges, liberties, and immunities in regard to duties, impositions, 
or customs relating to persons, goods, merchandise, ships, freight, 
seamen, navigation, or commerce. (Art. IX.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) All earlier treaties of peace, friendship, confederation, and 
cammerce between the two countries are renew^ed and confirmed, so 
far as not contrary to the treaties of peace and commerce which were 
last made and signed ; with special reference to agreements, treaties. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND SPAIN. 361 

and conventions relating to exercise of commerce and navigation. 
(Art. XV.) 

(h) Subjects of either country violating any article of this treaty 
are made personally responsible therefor, and liable to punishment 
according to law. (Art. XVII.) 

(e) In case of war between the two countries, the property of 
subjects of either country remaining in the other shall not be con- 
fiscated or suffer any damage, and six months shall be allowed to 
the owners to remove or dispose of the same. (Art. XVIII.) 



No. 191 



Treaty of iiamgatAon and cO'Vimerce between Great BAtain and 
Spain. 

i-i'::; OIL- 
SIGNED 9 Dec. 1713, at Utrecht. No time limit stated. , ^^ 
TEXT: English (transl. from Latin), B. F. S. P. 1:615-27; Tftflb. 1912 : 
859-72. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects of either country in the other respecting all 
rights, favors, or advantages of any kind which either party may 
grant to any foreign nation, with special reference to : 

{a) Any privileges, liberties, and immunities concerning all im- 
posts whatsoever relating to persons, wares, merchandise, ships, 
freighting, mariners, navigation, and commerce. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any duties or other imposts payable on imports or exports, or 
any reductions thereof . (Ibid.) 

{c) Any favors in matters concerning courts of justice or relating 
to trade. (Ibid.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Confirmation of Article XXXVIII of the treaty of 23 May, 
1667. (Art. II.) 

(&) Any minister or subject of either country violating any ar- 
ticle of this treaty shall be responsible for all damage occasioned 
thereb}^; and, if holding any public office, shall be deprived of the 
same. (Art. XVI.) 



No. 192. 



Treaty of coimnerce hetioeen Great Britain and Spain. 

SIGNED 14 Dec, 1715, at Madrid. No time limit stated. 

TEXT : English and Spanish, B. P. S. P. 1 : 627-39 ; English. Hdb. 1912 : 
873-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects of either country respecting all rieihts, privi- 



362 BRITISH empire: great BRITAIN AlS^D SPAIIs^. 

leges, franchises, exemptions, and immunities which either part^r may 
grant to the subjects of any other nation, with special reference to 
payment of duties on imports and exports. (Art. V.) 

II. National treatment is pledged b^r Spain respecting duties pay- 
able in Spanish territories by British subjects. (Art. IV.) 

III. Other provisions.— Specified treaties of 1667. ITOO, and 9 Dec, 
1713, are confirmed. (Arts. II, V, and VII.) 



No. 193. 



Treaty of commerce Ijeticeen Great Britain and Spain, 

SIGNED 5 Oct., 1750, at Madrid. No time limit stated. 

TEXT : English and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 1 : 642-5 ; English, Hdh. 1912 : 882-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects of either countr}^ respecting all rights, privi- 
leges, franchises, exemptions, and immunities which either party 
may grant to the subjects of any other nation, with special reference 
to payment of duties on imports and exports. (Art. VII.) 

II. National treatment is pledged by Spain with regard to im- 
posts payable in Spanish territories by British subjects. (Art. VI.) 



No. 194. 



Agreement heticeen Great Britain and Spain respecting commercial 
relations hetween the two countries. 

EFFECTED by exchange of notes 20/29 June. 1894. Extended by notes of 
28/29 Dec, 1894,^" until conclusion of a permanent commei'cial treaty, subject to 
termination by either party on six months' notice. 

TEXT : English. B. F. S. P. 86 : 11-12. 

Most-favored-nation treatment. — Under this agreement goods ar- 
riving in Spain and her colonies from the United Kingdom and the 
British colonies are entitled to tariff concessions and advantages as 
follows : 

{a) In Spain and the adjacent islands such goods are subject to 
the minimum tariff and entitled to the advantages conceded by treaty 
to Switzerland, Sweden and Norway, Netherlands, or to other 
European States except Portugal. 

(5) In the Spanish colonies such goods will continue to be treated 
under the minimum column of the colonial tariff. 

T" English, Hdb. 1912 : 896-7. 



BRITISH EMPIRE: GREAT BRITAIN AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 36S 

Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 195. 

Treaties of peace ^ commerce^ and alliance hetween Great Britain 
and Sioeden. 

SIGNED, respectively, on 21 Oct., 1661, and 5 Feb., 1766. Renewed and 
confirmed by tlie treaty of peace, union, and friendship signed 18 July, 1812. 
(English, Hdb. 1912:920-2.) Terminable F^parately as regards certain Brit- 
ish dominions, as noted below under No. 196, IV. 

TEXT: English, Hdb. 1912:911-20. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged Avith re- 
galed to all privileges, relaxations, liberties, and immunities relating 
to residence, travel, and trade throughout the dominions and terri- 
tories of either country (Treaty 1661, Art. IV) ; and, in general 
terms, with regard to all rights, advantages, and immunities what- 
ever (Treaty of 5 Feb., 1766, Art. 2). 

II. Other provisions in the treaty of 1661 relate to: 

{a) Immunity of persons, vessels, and goods from arbitrary arrest 
and seizure. (Art. V.) 

(h) Assistance and protection to warships or merchant vessels 
of either country seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck in ports 
or waters of the other. (Arts. VI,A^II.) 

{c) Administration of justice and protection of persons. (Art. 
VIII.) 

{d^) Freedom of travel and trade, subject to the laws concerning 
trade and commerce in either country. (Art. X.) 

{e) No treaty to be made with other nations prejudicial to this 
treaty. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Detailed provisions relating to passports (Art. XII). prizes 
(Art. XIII), and infraction of treaty by private individuals in 
either country (Art. XIV). 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 196. 

ConventioTb of comoneTce and navigation hetween Great Britain and 
Sweden and Norway. 

SIGNED 18 Mar., 1826. Effective until 18 Mar., 1836, and tliereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from eitlier party. (Art. XII.) Terminable 
separately at any time by 12 months' notice from eitlier party as regards 
Canada, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, and Newfoundland, as noted 
below. 

TEXT : English and Swedish, B. P. S. P. 13 : 12-'^2 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 773-83 ; 
English, Hdb. 1912 : 925-31 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 220-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in all 
matters and regulations of trade and navigation (Art. IX), with 
special reference to : 

{a) Import duties levied by either country on products of the 
other. (Art. IX.) 



364 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

{h) Prohibitions or restraints imposed by either country against 
importation of products of the other or on exportation of its own 
products to the other (Art. IX.) 

{c) All privileges, facilities, and advantages regarding treatment 
of commercial travelers and their samples. (Decl. 13 Oct., 1883. '\) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to Sweden respecting all 
facilities and privileges concerning commerce with the British do- 
minions, except those in the possession of the East India Co. (Art. 
VII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Duties or charges on vessels of either country in ports of the 
other. (Art. II.) 

{h) Any merchandise legally importable into or exportable from 
either country in its own vessels may likewise be imported or ex- 
ported in ships of the other. (Art. III.) 

{c) Duties levied and bounties, drawbacks, or allowances granted 
by either country on imports or exports in ships of the other. (Art. 
IV.) 

{d) No priority or privilege to be given in the purchase of im- 
ported products of either country on account of the character of the 
vessel in which the article is imported. (Art. V.) 

{e) Right of either country to import its products or those of its 
colonies into overseas colonies of the other (except into British col- 
onies in possession of the East India Co.) in its own vessels direct 
from home ports, without paying higher duties or charges than are 
payable on similar articles when imported in ships of the mother 
countr}^ from any source; except articles forbidden to be imported 
into such colonies, or admitted only from ports of the mother coun- 
try. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Any goods legally exportable from colonies of either country 
tiiay be exported therefrom (except British colonies in possession of 
the East India Co.) in ships of the other; the same charges being- 
paid by vessels and cargoes and the same drawbacks allowed as when 
carried in national ships. (Art. VII). 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Right of British vessels to import into Sweden any merchan- 
dise of European origin permitted to be imported into Sweden from 
any port whatever ; except a few specified articles importable in Brit- 
ish vessels only when proceeding direct from some port of the United 
Kingdom. (Art. X.) 

(b) Vessels of Sweden trading with possessions held by the East 
India Co. may dispose of their cargoes in any foreign port not within 
the limits of that company's charter, except ports of the United 
Kingdom and its dependencies. (Adcll. article.) 



^1 French, Hdb. 1912 : 931. 



BIUTISH EMPIRE: GREAT BRITAIN AXD SWITZERLAND. 365 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This conventior applies to 
all British dominions. By declaration of 27 Nov., 1911," between 
Great Britain and Sweden, however, it Avas agreed that Canada, Aus- 
tralia, New^ Zealand, South Africa, and Newfoundland might with- 
draw from this conventipn (and from the treaties of 1654, 1656, 1661, 
and 1766), at any time on 12 months' notice, without impairing their 
validity as between Sweden and other parts of the British Empire 
which might desire to remain bound thereby. But that nevertheless 
the products of the above-named British dominions should receive 
in Sweden complete and unconditional most- favored-nation treat- 
ment so long as they accord to Swedish products treatment as favor- 
able as to products of any other foreign country. 

As regards Norway, the convention is terminable at any time on 
12 months' notice with respect to Canada, Australia,^^ New Zealand, 
South Africa, and Newfoundland. (Conv. 16 May, 1913.^*) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 197. 

Treaty of friendship^ comm.erce^ and reciprocal estahlishnient he- 
tween Great Britain and S%oitzerland. 

SIGNED 6 Sept., 1855. Ratifications exchanged 6 Mar., 1856. Effective until 
6 Mar., 1866, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XI.) 

TEXT : English and French, B. F. S. P. 45 : 21-9 ; English, Hdb. 1912 : 935-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting anj^ favors which either party may grant in 
matters of commerce. (Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal in any manner of every 
description of property which the laws of the country permit any 
foreigners to hold. (Art. IV.) 

{h) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities granted to consuls 
by either country. (Art. VII.) 

{c) All duties imposed by either country on importation, ware- 
housing, transit, or exportation of products of the other. (Art. IX.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Eight of citizens of either country to enter and reside in any 
part of the territories of the other, and there to hire and occupy 

'2 English, B. F. S. P. 104 : 202 ; Hertslet 26 : 953-4. 

''^ Australia (with Papua and Norfolk Island) has withdrawn from the convention of 
1826, and also from the treaties with Sweden named above under IV, as from 10 Feb., 
1915. (Hertslet 27: 978 and 1062.) 

^^ English, G. B. T. S. 1913. No. 14. Cd. 7095 ; Hertslet 27 : 980. 



366 BEITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND SYvHTZEELAND. 

houses and warehouses for residence and commerce, exercise any pro- 
fession or business, and trade by wholesale or retail in an}^ articles 
of lawful commerce, personally or by agents of their own free choice. 
(Art. I.) 

. (b) All taxes, charges, or conditions concerning residence, estab- 
lishment, passports, licenses, and exercise of business, trades, profes- 
sions^ or occupations in either countrj^, and every right, privilege, or 
exemption relating to any of these. (Art. I.) 

(c) All duties, taxes, demands, imposts, or charges imposed in ter- 
ritories of either country in time of peace or war on citizens of the 
other or their property. (Art. VI.) ^"^ ^i i>i ^'' ' 

{d) All that relates to importation',' iw*arehousing, transit,' arid ex- 
portation of any article of lawful commerce. (Art. VIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All rights and privileges regarding free and open access to 
courts of justice and employment of advocates or agents therein. 
(Art. III.) 

(b) Succession to property in either country, personally or by 
agents, a>nd all imposts, duties, or charges concerning inheritance, 
acquisition, possession, disposal, or export of property or of proceeds 
if sold. (Art. IV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationals of either country returning from the other to their 
native land, whether voluntarily or otherwise, for causes named, must 
be received at all times and under all circurristances. (Art. II.) 

(b) Exemption in either country of dwellings and other premises 
belonging to citizens of the other from arbitrary visits or search, and 
exemption of their books, papers, and accounts from inspection or 
examination, except in conformity with legal procedure described. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from all contributions imposed as 
compensation for personal service, and from military requisitions, 
except lodging and supplies demandable alike from citizens and for- 
eigners for the military on a march. (Art. V.) 

V. Application to British colonies. — This treaty applies to all 
British dominions. But Articles IX and X (stipulating reciprocal 
most- favored-nation treatment of products of either country in terri- 
tories of the other) are terminable separately at any time on 12 
months' notice from either party as regards their application to 
Canada, Australia,'^^ South Africa, New Zealand, and Newfoundland. 
(Addl. conv., 30 Mar., 1914.^«) 

^5 Australia has withdrawn. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 10, Cd. 302.) 
^« English, Hertslet 27 : 1067-8. 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND TURKEY. 367 

Treaty with Tonga. 

No. 198. s:i^h^ i 

Treaty of friendship, etc., hetween Great Britain and Tonga. 

SIGNED 29 Nov., 1879. Ratitications excliaiiged 3 July, 1882. Effective from 
date of signature. (Art. V.) Duration indefinite. 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 70 : 9-12 ; Hdb. 1912 : 943-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and imcondi- 
tionally pledged to subjects of either country in territories of the, 
other, respecting all rights, privileges, and immunities : the King of 
Tonga further engaging to grant to no other sovereign or State any 
rights, powers, or privileges in Tonga exceeding those accorded to 
Great Britain. (Art. 11.) 

II. Other provisions relate to: 

{a) Administration of justice in Tonga. Criminal suits for of- 
fenses cognizable by British law (as defined), and all civil suits 
against British subjects, to be tried by a special British court. (Art. 

ni.) 

(b) Extradition of Tongans from British territory. (Art. IV 
and protocol.) 

Treaties with Turkey. 

No. 199. 

Capitidations of 167 o^ act of 1799. note of 1802 respecting commerce 
hi the BJacl' Sea. and treaty of 1809 heticeerh Great Bmtain and 
TiivTcey. » ; . ..i.. ■ 

SIGNED 1675, 30 Oct., 1799, 23 Jnly, 1802, and 5 Jan., 1809, respectively. 
Duration indefinite. Capitulations of 1675 and act of 1799 confirmed by treaty 
of 1809. Confirmed by Article 261 of tlie treaty of peace witli Turkey, of 10 
Aug., 1920 (not vet ratified), and extended to all the allied powers. -y yv 

TEXT : English, B. F. S. P. 1 : 747-73 ; Hdb. 1912 : 947-76. \. i /. r. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by the Sublime Porte 
to the English in respect to all capitulations, privileges, and articles 
granted to the French, Venetian, and other princes who are in amity 
with the Sublime Porte (Capitulations of 1675, Art. XVIII) ; with 
special reference to privileges of commerce and navigation of the 
Black Sea by British merchant vessels (Act of 30 Oct., 1799, and 
note of 23 July, 1802). 

II. Capitulations of 1675 contain extensive and elaborate provi- 
sions regarding privileges and liberties of British subjects in Turkey, 
and their right to engage in trade and commerce. The more im- 
portant of these provisions relate to : 

{ci) Freedom of commerce and navigation in the dominions of the 
Porte granted to the English nation and merchants, and to all mer- 
chants sailing under the English flag. (Art. I.) 



368 BRITISH EMPIRE : GREAT BRITAIN AND TURKEY. 

(b) Nonmolestation of British subjects in Turkey. (Art. II.) 

(c) Liberty of British vessels to remain or depart. (Art. III.) 

(d) Assistance to vessels in distress. (Arts. IV- VI.) 

(e) Protection to persons and property of English merchants. 
(Art. VII.) 

(/) Public authentication of contracts to which English merchants 
are parties. (Art. IX.) 

(f/) False charges against English subjects to be referred to the 
British ambassador. (Art. X.) 

(/^) Release of British subjects found in slavery on demand of- 
their ambassador or consul. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Exemption of resident Englishmen from al} tribute. (f^x;t., 

XIII.) .;,; 

(/) Appointment of consuls in specificed ports. (Art. XIV.) 

(k) Disputes between Englishmen to be decided In- their ambassa- 
dor or consul. (Art. XVI.) 

(?) Freedom of English vessels from molestation or detention at 
sea. (Art. XVII.) 

{r/>) E'estoration of English ships or goods captured or plundered 
and punishment of the offenders. (Art. XIX.) 

(ti) Observance of the capitulations bv Turkish governors, etc. 
(Art. XX.) 

(o) Freedom of trade for English vessels in Turkish waters. 
(Art. XXIII.) 

(p) Presence of ambassador, consul, or interpreter at law suits to 
which an Englishman is part}-. (Arts. XV and XXIV.) 

(q) Inviolability of p'ersons and abode of consuls. LaAV suits in- 
volving consuls to be represented to the Sublime Porte. (Art. 

XXV.) ,-_-,«:,. 

(r) Succession to propertv of deceased British subjects. (Art. 
XXVI.) 

(s) Privileges and liberties of Englishmen to be alwaj^s observed, 
and no fees to be demanded by fiscal officers on distribution of their 
property. (Art. XXVII.) 

. (t) Liberty to reexport goods unsold and to land the same at an:- 
dther port free of duty. (Art. XXXI.) 

(u) Duty of 3 per cent on trade at Aleppo. Egvpt, and other 
ports. (Ai^. XXXIV.) .'.4;Vh. 

(v) Xo duty pavable on merchaiidis'e'not landed with a view to 
sale. (Arts. XXXix,XLI.) 

(?/') Libert}?^ of vessels to depart after landing goods and paying 
duties. (Art. XL.) 

(x) Criminal trials of Englishmen only in presence of ambassador 
or consul. (Art. XLII.) 



BEITISH EMPIRE : GEEAT BRITAIN AND VENEZUELA. 369 

(//) Xiimeroiis later articles, often confirming some of the abovey 
or prescribing details as to collection of duties, etc. (Arts. XLIII- 
LXXV.) 

III. Treaty of 1809, besides confirming the capitulations of 1675 
and the act of 1799 (Art. IV) contains provisions of commercial in- 
terest as follows : 

(a) Reciprocal friendly treatment of each other's subjects and their 
commerce in either country. (Art. V.) 

(h) Most-favored-nation treatm-ent of British ambassadors in Tur- 
key. Turkish ambassadors in England to enjoy all the honors ac- 
corded to British ambassadors in Turkey. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Appointment and privileges of consuls. Turkish consuls in 
British dominions to enjoy the same treatment and immunities ac- 
corded to British consuls in Turke}^ (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Great Britain promises to respect the ancient rule of the Otto- 
man Empire forbidding passage of the Dardanelles and Bosphorus 
by vessels of war in time of peace. (Art. XL) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Great Britain with the United States have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under America. United States 
of, Nos. 23 to 26. 

Treaty with Venezuela. 

No. 200. 

Treaty of friendsMp^ coininevce^ and navigation heticeen Great 
Bntain and Venezuela. 

SIGNED, 18 Apr.. 182.5. Duration indefinite. Tliis treaty was originally 
concluded between Great Britain and Colombia (of whicb Venezuela then 
formed an integral part) but was adopted and confirmed by a special conven- 
tion signed 29 Oct., 1834, between Great Britain and Venezuela, which in turn 
was renewed and confirmed by exchange of notes of 13 Feb.. 190.S. (English 
and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 22 : 151-6 : English. 96 : 214-15. 

TEXT: English, Hdb. 1912:1029-36. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

(a) All duties levied in either country on importation of products 
of the other. (Art. IV.) 

(Z>) All duties levied in either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. IV.) 

((?) Any prohibitions imposed by either party on importation or 
exportation of products of either countrv to or from the other. (Art. 
IV.) 

{d) All privileges, liberties, and rights relating to administration 
of justice; loading or discharging of vessels; safety of merchandise, 
goods and effects; and disposal of or succession to personal property 



370 BRITISH EMPIRE ! GREAT BRITAIN AND VENEZUELA. 

of every description, by will or otherwise, in any manner whatever. 
(Art. IX.) 

(e) Citizens of Venezuela to have the same right as any other 
foreigners as regards access with ships and cargoes to all places, 
ports, and rivers in British dominions outside of Europe, and right 
to reside there and to hire and occupy houses and warehouses, with 
complete protection for their commerce, subject always to the laws 
and statutes in force. (Arts. II, III.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All duties or charges on account of tonnage, light or harbor 
dues, pilotage, salvage, and any other local charges imposed in either 
country on ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) Equal treatment of each other's vessels regarding importation 
or exportation, the same duties to be paid on importation into either 
country of products of the other, and the same duties, bounties, or 
drawbacks to apply on exportation of products of either country to 
the other, whether carried in vessels of either nation. (Art. VI.) 

((^) All ordinary taxes and all imposts or duties relating to load- 
ing and unloading of ships, warehousing, administration of justice, 
and disposal of or succession to personal property by will or other- 
wise in any manner whatever. (Art. IX.) 

(d) An}^ demands made by either country upon propesrty of citi- 
zens of the other in case of war between the two countries. (Art. XI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country may come with their ships and car- 
goes to all places, ports, and rivers open to foreigners in the other, 
and may reside there and hire and occupy houses and warehouses, 
with complete protection for their commerce, subject always to the 
laws and statutes in force. (Art. II.) 

(b) Eules for determining nationality of vessels. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Right of subjects of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or by agents of their own choice, without being 
obliged to pay brokers, interpreters, or other agents unless they 
choose to employ them; buyers and sellers to be free to bargain and 
fix the prices of goods imported or exported into or from either 
country. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service whatever by land or sea and from all forced loans or 
military exactions and requisitions. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Appointment of consular officers in either country for protec- 
tion of trade. (Art. X.) 

(/) In case of rupture or war citizens of either country residing 
in the other may remain and continue their trade without inter- 
ruption so long as they behave peaceably and observe the laws ; their 
property to be exempt from seizure or sequestration. (Art. XI.) 



BRITISH empire: GREAT BRITAIN AND VENEZUELA. 371 

{(j) Freedom of science, exercise of religious worship, and right 
of burial, with due respect to the laws and customs of the country. 
(Art. XII.) 

(A) Venezuela undertakes to cooperate with Great Britain for 
total abolition of the slave trade. (Art. XIII.) 

IV. Application to British colonies. — This treaty is limited to 
European territories of Great Britain, except that most-favored- 
nation treatment is pledged to citizens of Venezuela in all British 
dominions outside of Europe as regards access with ships and car- 
goes to all places, ports, and rivers therein to which other foreigners 
are admitted, and right to reside there and hire and occupy houses 
and warehouses, with complete protection for their commerce, subject 
always to the laws and statutes in force. (Arts. II, III.) 

54083—22 25 



:jitijiyL 






BRITISH EMPIRE: CANADA/^ 

Treaty with France. 
No. 201. 

Commercial arrangement tetv^een Canada and France. 

SIGNED 29 Jan., 1921, Effective until conclusion of a new commercial 
treaty, subject to termination by either party on four months' notice. (Art. 6.) 

TEXT: English. Bd. Tr. J. 17 Mar., 1921:306-7; French, J. O. 13 IMar., 
1921 : 3135-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows : 

{a) Canada undertakes to apply to importation of products com- 
ing from France or of French origin the most favorable tariff and 
taxes which she may grant to the products of any third power; 
except products of the United Kingdom and of British dominions 
and possessions. (Art. 1.) 

(h) Canada grants most-favored-nation treatment to France as 
regards exportation, transit, consumption taxes, and domestic taxes. 
(Art. 2.) 

{c) Except as noted below under III, Canadian products imported 
into France shall be entitled to the treatment guaranteed by the con- 
ventions of 19 'Sept., 1907,^^ and 23 Jan., 1909 ^« (Art. 3), namely: 

(1) The benefit of the minimum tariff and of the lowest rates of 
customs duty applicable to like products of other foreign origm on 
importation into France, Algeria, French colonies and possessions, 
and the protectorate of Indo-China. (Conv. 1907, Arts. I and VII.) 

(2) Every reduction of customs duty granted by France to any 
foreign country on any of the products enumerated in schedule A 
annexed to the convention of 1907 (Ibid., Art. II) : except as noted 
below under III. 

(3) Most-favored-nation treatment as regards any prohibition or 
restriction which France may establish against importation, expor- 
tation, or transit; except temporary measures to protect the public 
health, to prevent spread of animal disease or destruction of crops, 
or in view of the events of war. (Ibid., Art. X.) 

" See also p. 290, note 40. 
'^M:nglish, B. F. S. P. 102: 77-88. 

372 



BEITISH empire: CANADA AND WEST INDIES. Si3 

(4) Most-favored-nation treatment in everything relating to im- 
portation, exportation, reexportation, transit, warehousing, storage, 
transshipment, consumption, fulfillment of customs formalities, and 
in general ever3'thing relating to pursuit of trade and industry ; ex- 
cept privileges granted to bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic, and special privileges arising out of the customs union of 
France with Monaco. (Ibid., Art. XI.) 

(5) Most-favored-nation treatment as regards protection of trade- 
marks, patents, commercial names, and industrial designs and pat- 
terns. (Ibid., Art. XVII.) 

II. National treatment. — Canadian products imported into France, 
Algeria, the French colonies and possessions, and the protectorate of 
Indo- China shall not pay other or higher duties of excise, internal 
consumption, or octroi than are payable on like products of French 
origin. (Art. 3, and conv. 190T,^« Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. — Canadian products enumerated in lists I 
and II attached to this agreement shall enjoy on importation into 
France a percentage of reduction specified in said lists, to be applied 
as stated. (Arts. 4, 5.) 

Treaty with the West Indies. 

iiro Til ;ii to T; 

.y ; :; . No. 202. , ,,;:, .;;^ 

Trade agreement 'between Canada and the ^Yest Indies. 

SIGNED IS June, 1920, at Ottawa. Prod aimed 18 June, 1921. Effective for 
10 years after proclamation, and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' 
notice in manner stated. (Art. XVIII.) 

TEXT: Canada. Memo. No. 6 (7 June. 1921) : 25-33. 

I. Contracting parties: Canada, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda. 
British Guiana, British Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Trini- 
dad, and Windward Islands. 

II. Preferential duties on West Indian products. 

(a) Articles listed in schedule A annexed to this agreement (sugar, 
cocoa beans, lime juice, limes, arrowroot, cocoanuts, grapefruit, rum, 
and onions), being products of any of the colonies named above 
under I, are granted by Canada the preferential treatment specified 
in said schedule. (Art. III.) 

{h) Products of any of the colonies named above under I (except 
tobacco, cigars, cigarettes, and spirituous or alcoholic liquors, and 
except articles subject to specified preferences noted under II a.) 
shall never pay more than half the customs duties which Canada may 
impose on similar goods imported from any foreign country. (Art. 
11.) 

III. Preferential duties on Canadian products. 

{a) Articles listed in schedule B, being products of Canada, are 
granted customs preference by the colonies named above under I, as 
follows : 



^8 English, B. F. S. P. 102 : 77-83. 



374 BRITISH empire: CANADA AND WEST INDIES. 

Flour, not less than one shilling per barrel or bag of 196 pounds. 

Spirits, not less than two shillings six pence per gallon. 

Wine, beer, and ale, duty not to exceed four-fifths of full rat«. 
(Art. VI.) 

(h) Products of Canada (except tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes, 
and except articles subject to specified preferences noted under 
III a) , shall never pay more than the following fractions of customs 
duties payable in said colonies (named above under I) on similar 
goods imported from any foreign country : 

(1) In Barbados, British Guiana, and Trinidad, not more than 
one-half. (Art. V, ^.) 

(2) In British Honduras, Leeward Islands, and the Windward 
Islands, not more than two-thirds. (Ibid., h.) 

(3) In Bermuda and Jamaica, not more than three- fourths. 
(Ibid., c.) 

(4) In Bahamas, not more than nine-tenths (Ibid., d) ; this prefer- 
ence not to apply to wines, malt liquors, spirits, spirituous liquors, 
liquid medicines, and articles containing alcohol. (Art. VII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) This agreement shall not interfere with existing or future pref- 
erences granted by any of the parties to any other part of the British 
Empire, nor with preferences granted by West Indian colonies 
(named above under I) among themselves. (Art. IX.) 

(h) Extensive and detailed stipulations concerning establishment 
of mail, passenger, and freight steamship service between Canada and 
the West Indies, with special reference to ports of call; capacity, 
speed, and accommodation of steamers; and amounts to be contrib- 
uted by the respective colonies toward such subsidized steamship 
service. (Arts. X-XVI.) 



,/.',, 



iifiiiJ iro Hsiiab inisn^'tei^ 



BRITISH EMPIRE: EGYPT." 

America, United States of, to British Empire. 

Treaties of Egypt with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : "" " ^ • ' 
America, United States of, No. 18. 'Vv.r.r[ot •arnf)ni 
Austria-Hungary, No. 69. 
Belgium, No. 98. 
Great Britain (under British Empire), No. 152. 

Treaty with Bulgaria. 
No. 203. 

Exchange of notes between Egypt and Bulgaria concerning recipro- 
cal most-favored-nation treatment, 

. SIGNED 13 Feb., 1906, at Cairo. Effective from 1 Jan., 1906, until concUi- 
sion of a commercial treaty between the two countries. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 81&-17 ; Martens 88 : 869-70. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms respecting all rights and advantages which either country 
ma}^ accord in matters of commerce and navigation, with special 
reference to taxes payable in either country on products and 
merchandise of the other; except tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, 
natron, hashish, and arms. 

Treaty with Germany." 

No. 204. 

Commercial convention Ijetween Egypt and Germany^ as amended 
hy additional convention. 

SIGNED 19 July, 1892, at Alexandria. Effective (as amende.d by additional 
convention of 17 Mar., 1910'") from 14 July, 1910, until 31 Dec, 1917, and 
thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Addl. 
conv., Art. VI.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 1178-1215 ; French B. F. S. P. 84 : 168-205. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms to the subjects, commerce, and 
navigation of either country (subject to exceptions noted below) 

'8 See p, 546, note 128. "cV'^iN't 

80 French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 428-81 ; German. Hdv. 1915 : 226-30. 

" Egypt was declared a sovereign state and the British protectorate abolished on 28 
Feb., *1922, according to an announcement made in the House of Commons on that day by 
the Prime Minister. Since then the British Parliament has ratified the removal of the 
protectorate and recognized Egypt's independence. On 16 Mar., 1922, all British ambas- 
sadors and ministers abroad were instructed to inform all foreign governments of the new 
status. (Cur. Hist. XVI : 163-4.) 

875 



376 BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND GERMANY. 

respecting all privileges, favors, or immunities of any kind which 
either party may accord to any other country in matters concerning 
commerce, navigation, transit, and payment of duties on importation 
and exportation. (Art. IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, from whatever place arriving (Arts. II and 
XXIV) ; including tobaccos manufactured in either country when 
accompanied by certificates of origin, and products of most-favored- 
nation countries when imported from Germany (Addl. conv.,^" Art. 

11). 

(b) Any duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) Any prohibitions which Egypt may impose on importation or 
exportation to or from Germany, except measures to protect the 
public health, or the health of animals, or of plants useful to 
agriculture. (Arts. II. III.) 

(d) Any rights or advantages which either country may accord 
in respect to its coasting trade. (Art. V.) 

(e) Any advantages, privileges, immunities, or tariff reductions 
which either country may accord in matters concerning internal taxes 
of consumption or excise of any kind, whether levied by the State or 
by communes or corporations in either country. (Art. X.) 

(/) Application in either country to subjects and merchandise of 
the other of regulations concerning special taxes, accessory customs 
duties, and remuneratory dues of any kind. (Art. X.) 

(g) Every facility which Egypt may accord by its customs regu- 
lations to the siibjects, vessels, navigation, and commerce of any 
other foreign power. (Art. XXI.) 

IL National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Treatment of vessels of either country in the other, in all re- 
spects from whatever place arriving and whatever the place of origin 
or destination of the cargoes. This stipulation applies to local regu- 
lations, pilotage, taxes, and all remuneratory dues levied in ports, 
basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country, and gen- 
erally to all that concerns navigation, with special reference to duties 
or restrictions imposed by either country bn articles imported or ex- 
ported in ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) Application to German subjects and merchandise of any re- 
strictions or taxes concerning traffic or importation of arms and Other 
objects specified under III g below. (Art. XII.) 

«'^ French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 428-31 ; German, Hdv. 1915 : 226-30. 



BPJTISH EMPERE: EGYPT AND GEEMAXY. 377 

(c) Treatment of German subjects with regard to any advantages 
which Egypt may accord respecting commerce in cigars, tobaccos, 
tombac, salt, saltpetre, natron, and hashish, wdth special reference to- 
payment of import duties. (Exchange of notes attached.) 

(d) Treatment of German subjects and merchandise as regards 
any advantages which Egypt may accord in matters concerning com- 
merce with the Sudan. (Proces- verbal, 5.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) The Egyptian Government undertakes not to impose any pro- 
hibition against importation, except for reasons of public safety, 
health, or morality, and to protect animals or useful plants. (Art. 

(h) ^N'ationality of vessels to be reciprocally recognized in accord- 
ance with the laws of each country. (Art. y;y'^'^''*' 

(c) Egypt undertakes not to subject products or Germany to any 
duty exceeding 10 per cent ad valorem, except specified articles (silk 
fabrics, wines, petrols, animals, cereals, and flours) ^vhich may })e 
made dutiable up to 15 per cent. (Arts. VI and XXIV.) 

(d) Export duties levied in Egypt shall not exceed 1 per cent ad 
valorem, payable on values to be established by the Egyptian customs 
administration in the manner described. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) German merchandise passing through Egypt is exempt from 
transit duties, except coal embarked in Egypt. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Egypt undertakes not to impose any consumption or excise 
duty on imported merchandise, except on specified articles (drinks, 
liquids, victuals, fodder, fuel, and construction materials) which 
may be subjected to internal duties of which the total must not ex- 
ceed 2 per cent ad valorem. (Art. X.) 

(g) Eight of Egypt to prohibit importation of arms, munitions, 
powder, and other explosives, except objects specified in the table 
annexed, which may be imported subject to Egyptian police regula- 
tions, likewise annexed to this convention. (Art. XII and Annexes 
1 and 2.) 

(A) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission of com- 
mercial samples, subject to customs formalities relating thereto. 
(Art. XIII and addl. conv.,^^ Art. III.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning exemption from Egyptian cus- 
toms duties of personal effects of consular officers (Art. XIV), and 
of objects belonging to German religious, educational, and charitable 
institutions in Egypt (Proces- verbal and addl. conv.,^° Art. V). 

{j) Detailed stipulations concerning warehousing facilities in 
Egyptian ports (Art. XV), customs administration and valuation 
of merchandise (Arts. VII, XVI-XVIII), prevention of smug- 
gling (Arts. XIX, XX), application of Egyptian customs regula- 

«o French, B. F. S. P. 103:428-31; German Hdv. 1915:226-30. 



378 BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND GREECE. 

tions annexed to this convention (Art. XXI), and differential duties 
payable in Egypt on merchandise which has paid duties in Turkey 
(Art. XXIII). 

{k) The provisions of the capitulations and of other existing trea- 
ties are confirmed, so far as not inconsistent with this convention. 
(Art. XXVI.) 

(?) Vessels of German shipping companies maintaining regular 
communications wdth Egypt and all German ships over 400 tons 
capacity shall have the right to engage in the coasting trade of 
Egypt. (Proces- verbal, 3.) 

(m) Detailed provisions concerning importation of arms, muni- 
tions, and explosives and police regulations relating thereto. (An-^ 
nexes 1 and 2.) 

{n) Detailed customs regulations in 42 sections. (Annex 3.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulations of this convention do not apply to : 

(1) Tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, and hashish, but 
national or most- favored-nation treatment is pledged with reference 
thereto, as noted under II c above. (Art. XL) 

(2) Special arrangements between Egypt and other parts of the 
Ottoman Empire under the administration of the Sublime Porte or 
between Egypt and Persia. (Art. XXII.) 

(3) Arrangements which Egypt may make regarding exchange of 
native or foreign merchandise with the Sudan (Ibid.), but national 
and most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with reference thereto, 
as noted under II d^ above. 

{Jj) Articles I to V do not apply to the coasting trade, but most- 
favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with reference 
thereto, as noted under I c?, above. (Art. V.) 

{c) The benefits of the German conventional tariff rates cannot be 
claimed for cereals or wines imported from Egypt unless they origi- 
nate in countries entitled to most-favored-nation treatment in Ger- 
many. (Proces- verbal, 2.) 

V. Territorial application. — Stipulations of this convention apply 
to the German Empire and to all territories included in the Ger- 
man customs union. (Art. XXV.) 

Treaty with Great Britain. 

See No. 152. 

Treaty with Greece. 

No. 205. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Egypt and Greece. 

SIGNED 4 June, 1906, at Athens. Effective from 28 June, 1906, for eight 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. 24.) 

TEXT : French, Martens 85 : 243-65. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms to the subjects, commerce, and navi- 



BEITISH EMPIRE : EGYPT AND GREECE. 379 

gation of either countr}^ (subject to exceptions noted below) respect- 
ing all privileges, favors, or immunities of an^?- kind which either 
party ma}^ accord to any other country in matters concerning com- 
merce, navigation, transit, and payment of duties on importation and 
exportation. (Arts. 4, 20, and 23.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged with 
regard to : • 

(a) Eight of subjects of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes all places and ports open to foreigners in the other, and all 
rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, or exemptions in 
matters of commerce and navigation, with special reference to p^Jr 
ment of taxes or duties relating thereto. (Art. 1.) .f,^: j., 

(h) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other, from whatever place arriving (Art. 2), including 
import duty on Greek tobaccos (Annex 3). 

(c) Any prohibitions which Egypt may impose on importation or 
exportation to or from Greece, except measures to protect the public 
health, or the health of animals and of plants useful to agriculture. 
(Art. 2.) 

(d) Any duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any articles to the other. (Art. 3.) 

(e) Any rights or advantages which either country may accord in 
respect to its coasting trade on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 5.) 

(/) An3r rights, advantages, privileges, immunities, or tariff reduc- 
tions which either country ma}^ accord in matters concerning internal 
taxes of consumption or excise of any kind, whether levied by the 
State or by communes or corporations in either country. (Art. 10.) 

(g) Application in either country to subjects and merchandise of 
the other of regulations concerning special taxes, accessory customs 
duties, and remuneratory dues of any kind. (Art. 10.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Treatment of vessels of either country in the other- in all 
respects, from whatever place arriving and whatever the place of 
origin or destination of the cargoes. This stipulation aiDplies to 
local regulations, pilotage, taxes, and all remuneratory dues levied 
in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country, 
and generally to all that concerns navigation, with special reference 
to duties or restrictions imposed by either country on articles im- 
ported or exported in ships of the other. (Art. 5.) 

(h) Application to subjects of Greece of regulations and tariffs 
which Egypt may impose concerning articles referred to under IV c 
below. (Art. 6.) 

(c) Treatment of Greek subjects and merchandise as regards any 
advantages which Egypt may accord in matters concerning com- 
merce with the Sudan. (Proces- verbal, C.) 



380 BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND GREECE. 

III. National treatment is stipulated respecting internal duties of 
consumption or excise which Egypt may impose on products of 
Greece. (Art. 10.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) The Egyptian Government undertakes not to impose any pro- 
hibition against importation, except for reasons of public safety, 
health, or morality, and to protect animals or useful plants, (xlrt. 2.) 

{h) Nationality of vessels to be reciprocally recognized in ac- 
cordance with the laws of each country. (Art. 5.) 

((?) Egypt undertakes not to subject products of Greece to any 
duty exceeding 8 per cent ad valorem ; except specified articles 
which may be made dutiable up to 15 per cent. (Art. 6.) 

{d) Export duties levied in Egypt shall not exceed 1 per cent 
ad valorem, payable on values to be established by the Egyptian 
customs administration in the manner described. (Art. 8.) 

{e) Greek merchandise passing through Egypt is exempt from 
transit duties, except coal embarked in Egypt. (Art. 9.) 

(/) Egypt undertakes not to impose any consumption or excise 
duty on imported merchandise; except on specified articles (drinks, 
liquids, victuals, fodder, and construction materials), which may 
be subjected to internal duties of which the total must not exceed 
2 per cent ad valorem. (Art. 10.) 

{g) Egypt reserves right to prohibit importation of arms, mu- 
nitions, powder, and other explosives; except objects specified in 
the table annexed, which may be imported subject to Egyptian po- 
lice regulations likewise annexed to this convention. (Art. 12 and 
Annexes 7 and 8.) 

(A) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission of com- 
mercial samples, subject to customs formalities relating thereto, 
(Art. 13.) 

(i) Personal effects of diplomatic and consular agents of Greece 
are exempt in Egypt from customs inspection, and from payment 
of import or export duties. (Art. 14.) 

(/') Detailed stipulations concerning warehousing facilities in 
Egyptian ports (Art. 15) ; customs administration, and valuation of 
merchandise (Arts. 7, 16, 17) ; and prevention of smuggling (Arts. 
18, 19 and proces-verbal, B) ; application of Egyptian customs regu- 
lations annexed to this convention (Art. 20) : and differential duties 
payable in Egypt on merchandise which has paid duties in Turkey 
(Art. 23). 

(/.') Greece undertakes to prohibit exportation of hashish from 
Greece to Egypt. (Proces-verbal A, I, II.) 

(/) Egypt undertakes to prohibit exportation from its ports of 
all articles monopolized by the Greek Government. (Ibid.) 



BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND ITALY. 381 

(m) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning importation of 
arms, etc. ; also police regulations, and various exchanges of notes 
are annexed to this treaty. (Annexes 1-14.) 

¥. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) Tobacco, tombac, saltpeter, natron, and hashish (Art. 11) ; 
but most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with regard to import 
duty on Greek tobacco, as noted under I h above. 

(2) Special arrangements between Egypt and other parts of 
the Ottoman Empire under direct administration of the Sublime 
Porte. (Art. 21, 1.) 

(3) Arrangements which Eg}^)! may make regarding exchange 
of native or foreign merchandise with the Sudan (Ibid., 2) ; but 
national or most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with refer- 
ence thereto, as noted under II c above. 

(h) Articles 1 to 5 (noted under I a-e^ and II a above) do not 
apply to the coasting trade and interior navigation of either coun- 
try, which remain subject to regulation by their respective laws. 
(Art. 5.) 

Treaty with Italy. 

No. 206. 

Convention of commerce and navigation 'between Egypt and Italy. 

SIGNED 14 July, 1906, at Alexandria. Effective from 16 Feb., 1909, for 21 
years, subject to revision at the end of the seventh and fourteenth years. Pro- 
visions concerning reciprocal most-favored-nation treatment by either country 
of merchandise imported from the other mav be terminated by Italy at any 
time after 12 months' notice. (Art. XXVII.') 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 867-902 ; Boll. Leg. Dog. 26 : 253-306. 

I. Most-favored-iiation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms to the subjects, commerce, and 
navigation of either country (subject to exceptions noted below) re- 
specting all privileges, favors, or immunities of any kind which 
either party may accord to any other country in matters concerning 
commerce, navigation, transit, and payment of duties on importation 
and exportation. (Arts. lY and XXIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All duties payable on products of either country imported into 
the other. (Art. II.) 

(&) Any prohibitions of importation which either country may 
establish against the other in the interests of public safety and 
morality, except as noted below under IV a, (Art. II.) 

(<?) All duties or charges imposed by either country, on exporta- 
tion of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) VY -* 

(<i) Any advantages, privileges, immunities, or tariff reductions 
which either country may accord in matters concerning internal 



382 BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND ITALY. 

taxes of consumption or excise of any kind, whether levied by the 
State or by communes or corporations in either country. (Art. X.) 

(e) Application by either country to subjects and merchandise of 
the other of regulations concerning special taxes, accessory customs 
duties, and remuneratory dues of any kind. (Art. X.) 

(/) Any facility which Egypt may accord by its customs regula- 
tions to the subjects, vessels, navigation, and commerce of any other 
foreign power. (Art. XXI.) 

(g) Treatment of Italian merchandise on importation into Egypt 
pending application to all other countries of changes made by this 
treaty in existing Egyptian tariff duties. (Art. XXIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to enter, with ships and 
cargoes, all places and ports open to nationals or foreigners in the 
other; and all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, or 
exemptions in matters of commerce and navigation, with special 
reference to payment of taxes or duties relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

(6) Treatment of vessels of either country in the other, in all 
respects, from whatever place arriving and whatever the place of 
origin or destination of the cargoes. This stipulation applies to 
local regulations, pilotage, taxes, and all remuneratory dues levied 
in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country, 
and generally to all that concerns navigation, with special reference 
to duties or restrictions imposed by either country on articles im- 
ported or exported in ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(c) Application to Italian subjects and merchandise of any re- 
strictions or taxes concerning traffic or importation of arms and 
other objects specified under III g below. (Art. XII.) 

{d) Treatment of Italian subjects and merchandise as regards any 
advantages which Egypt may accord in matters concerning com- 
merce with the Sudan. (Proces-verbal, 11.) 

(e) Treatment of Italian subjects with regard to any advantages 
which Egypt may accord respecting commerce in cigars, tobaccos, 
tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, and hashish, with special reference 
to payment of import duties. (Ibid., V.) 

III. National treatment is stipulated with regard to : 

(a) Internal duties of consumption or excise which Egypt may 
impose on products of Italy. (Art. X.) 

(h) Right of subjects of either country to engage in the fishing 
industry in territorial waters of the other, subject to the same con- 
ditions, reservations, regulations, duties, and taxes as native citi- 
zens. (Art. XXV.) 



BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND ITALY. 383 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Each country agrees not to obstruct iis commerce with the 
other by any prohibition against importation ; except temporary pro- 
hibitions or restrictions on importation or transit for reasons of pub- 
lic safety, health, or morality, or to prevent spread of epizootic 
diseases and destruction of crops, or to protect useful plants. 
(Art. II.) 

{h) Nationality of vessels to be reciprocally recognized in accord- 
ance with the laws of each country, (Art. V.) 

{c) Egypt undertakes not to subject products of Italy to any duty 
exceeding 8 per cent ad valorem; except specified articles which may 
be made dutiable up to 15 per cent. (Arts. VI and XXIV.) 

{d) Export duties levied in Egypt shall not exceed 1 per cent 
ad valorem, payable on values to be established by the Egyptian cus- 
toms administration in the manner described. (Art. VIII.) 

{e) Italian merchandise passing through Egypt is exempt from 
transit duties, except coal embarked in Egypt. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Egypt undertakes not to impose any consumption or excise 
duty on imported merchandise; except on specified articles (drinks, 
liquids, victuals, fodder, and construction materials), which may be 
subjected to internal duties of which the total must not exceed 2 per 
cent ad valorem. (Art. X.) 

{g) Egypt reserves right to prohibit importation of arms, muni- 
tions, powder, and other explosives; except objects specified in the 
table annexed, which may be imported subject to Egyptian police 
regulations likewise annexed to this convention. (Art. XII and 
annexes.) 

{h) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission of com- 
mercial samples, subject to customs formalities relating thereto. 
(Art. XIII and proces- verbal, VI.) 

(^) Detailed provisions concerning exemption from Egyptian cus- 
toms duties of personal effects of Italian diplomatic and consular 
officers (Art. XIV), and of objects belonging to Italian religious, 
educational, and charitable institutions under protection of Italian 
consul in Egypt (Proces- verbal, IX.) 

(y) Detailed stipulations concerning warehousing facilities in 
Egyptian ports (Art. XV) ; customs administration and valuation 
of merchandise (Arts. VII, XVI-XVIII) ; and prevention of smug- 
gling (Arts XIX, XX, and proces-verbal, III) ; application of 
Egyptian customs regulations annexed to this convention (Art. 
XXI) ; and differential duties payable in Egypt on merchandise 
which has paid duties in Turkey (Art. XXIII). 

{k) All rights, privileges, and immunities accorded to Italian 
subjects, vessels, navigation, or commerce by existing capitulations, 



384 BKITISH EMPIEE: EGYPT AND MONTENEGRO. 

treaties, or agreements are continued in force, except as modified by 
this treaty. (Art. XXVI.) 

(I) Vessels of Italian shipping companies maintaining regular 
communications with Egypt, and all Italian vessels exceeding 400 
tons capacity, may engage in the coasting trade of Egypt. (Proces- 
verbal, I.) 

{?n) Italian silkworm eggs coming from Italy and Italian books 
sent by mail are exempt in Egypt from customs duties. (Proces- 
verbal, VII, VIII.) 

{n ) Detailed provisions concerning importation of arms, etc. ; also 
police regulations, and extensive customs regulations in 42 sections 
are annexed to the treaty. 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulations of this convention do not apply to : 

( 1 ) Tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, and hashish (Art. XI) ; 
but national or most-favorecl-nation treatment is pledged with ref- 
erence thereto, as noted under II e above. 

(2) Special arrangements between Egypt and other parts of the 
Ottoman Empire under direct administration of the Sublime Porte. 
(Art. XXII. 1.) 

(3) Arrangements which Egypt may make regarding exchange of 
native or foreign merchandise with the Sudan (Ibid., 2) ; but na- 
tional and most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with reference 
thereto, as noted under II d above. 

(4) Favors which Italy may accord to other bordering States to 
facilitate frontier commerce, and reductions or exemptions from 
customs duties accorded to specified frontiers, or to inhabitants of 
certain districts. (Ibid., 3.) 

^^^ifi) Articles I to V (noted under I, I a-c, and II a-h above) do 
not apply to the coasting trade and interior navigation of either 
country, which remain subject to regulation by their respective laws. 
(Art. V.) ,.. 'I^j B5)l)irb aino! 

VI. Territorial application. — The stipulations of this convention 
applv to the Italian Monarchy, except the Colony of Eritrea. (Art. 
XXVI.) 

Treaty with Montenegro. 

No. 20 7. 

Exchange of notes oetween Egi/pt and Montenegro granting recip- 
rocal most-favored-nation treatment. "' ' ^'. '^■;%^' 

SIGNED 21 July, 1905. The agreement holds indefinitely, subject to ter- 
mination by either party on 12 months' notice. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 902-.3 ; Martens 91 : 318-20. 

Most-favored-natjon treatment is reciprocally pledged by either 
country to the commerce and navigation of the other respecting all 



BRITISH EMPIRE: EGYPT AND RUSSIA. 385 

rights and advantages accorded by commercial treaties or agree- 
ments of either country in matters concerning the articles and 
products for which freedom of importation is stipulated in said 
treaties or agreements. 

Treaty with Russia." 
No. 208. 
Treaty of cotnvierce and na/uigation hetween Egypt and Russia. 

SIGNED 13 Mar., 1909, at Cairo. Effective from 20 June. 1909, until 81 
Dec, 1918, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party ; but terminable by Russia at any time on 12 months' notice. (Art. 
XXV.) 

TEXT: French, B. P. S. P. 102: 976-1011. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) to the subjects, commerce, and navigation of either country 
respecting all privileges, favors, and immunities of any kind which 
either party may accord to any other country ; with special reference 
to matters concerning commerce, navigation, transit, and payment of 
import or export duties. (Arts. II and IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

{a) Entrance with ships and cargoes to all ports and places open 
to foreigners in either country, and all rights, privileges, liberties, 
favors, immunities, and exemptions in matters concerning commerce 
and navigation, and payment of taxes or duties relating thereto. 
(Art. I.) 

{h) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit; with special reference to duties, taxes, imposts, con- 
tributions, surtaxes, or prohibitions. (Art. II.) 

{c) Any prohibitions which either country may impose against 
the other concerning importation or exportation ; except temporary 
prohibitions or restrictions af importation or transit which either 
country ma^^ impose for protection of public health, or to prevent 
propagation of epizootic diseases and destruction of crops, or to pro- 
tect useful plants. (Art. III.) 

{d) Application by either country to subjects and merchandise 
of the other of customs regulations concerning special taxes, supple- 
mentary duties, and other specified dues. (Art. X.) 

{e) Any facility which Egypt may accord by its customs regula- 
tions to subjects, vessels, navigation, and commerce of any other for- 
eign power. (Art. XXI.) 

«i See p. 757, note 195. 



386 BRITISH empire: EGYPT AND RUSSIA. 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Treatment of vessels of either country in the other, in all re- 
spects, from whatever place arriving and whatever the place of 
origin or destination of the cargoes. This stipulation applies to local 
regulations, pilotage, taxes, and all remuneratory duties levied in 
ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country, and 
generally to all that concerns navigation, with special reference to 
duties or restrictions imposed b}^ either country on articles imported 
or exported in ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(h) Application to Russian subjects and merchandise of any re- 
strictions or taxes concerning traffic or importation of arms and other 
objects specified under III ^ below. (Art. XII.) 

(c) Treatment of Russian subjects and merchandise as regards 
any advantages which Egypt may accord in matters concerning com- 
merce with the Sudan. (Proces- verbal, 2.) 

(d) Treatment of Russian subjects with regard to any advantages 
which Egypt may accord respecting commerce in cigars, tobaccos, 
tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, and hashish, with special reference 
to payment of import duties. (Ibid., 5.) 

(e) All advantages, privileges, immunities, or tariff reductions 
which either country may accord in matters concerning internal taxes 
on consumption, or excise duties of any kind, whether levied for the 
State or for communes or corporations in either country. (Art. X.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Each country agrees not to obstruct its commerce with the 
other by any prohibitions against importation, or against transit by 
routes open to transit, except for reasons of public safety, health, or 
morality and to protect animals or useful plants. (Art. III.) 

(h) Nationality of vessels to be reciprocally recognized in accord- 
ance with the laws of each country. (Art. V.) 

(c) Egypt undertakes not to impose on products of Russia any 
duty exceeding 8 per cent ad valorem, except higher duties on al- 
cohols, as defined. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Export duties levied in Egypt shall not exceed 1 per cent ad 
valorem, payable on values to be established by the Egyptian cus- 
toms administration in the manner described. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Russian merchandise passing through Egypt is exempt from 
transit duties, except coal embarked in Egypt. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Egypt undertakes not to impose smy consumption or excise 
duty on imported merchandise, except on specified articles (drinks, 
liquids, victuals, fodder, and construction materials), which may be 
subjected to internal duties of which the total must not exceed 2 per 
cent ad valorem. (Art. X.) 



BRITISH EMPIRE : EClYPT AND RUSSIA. 387 

(g) Both countries reserve the right to prohibit importation of 
arms, munitions, powder, and other explosives ; but objects specified 
in table annexed may be imported into Egypt, subject to police regu- 
lations, likewise annexed to this treaty. (Art. XII and Annexes 2 
and 3.) 

(h) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission of com- 
mercial samples, subject to customs formalities relating thereto. 
(Art. XIII and proces-verbal, 6.) 

(^) Detailed provisions concerning exemption from Egyptian cus- 
toms duties of personal effects of diplomatic and consular officers 
(Art. XIV) and of object's belonging to the Ecole Abed ; also of Rus- 
sian books and silkworm eggs. (Proces-verbal, 7-9. 

(j) Detailed stipulations concerning warehousing facilities in 
Egyptian ports (Art. XV) ; customs administration and valuation of 
merchandise (Arts. VII, XVI-XVIII) ; prevention of smuggling 
(Arts. XIX, XX) ; application of Egyptian customs regulations 
annexed to this conventiim (Art. XXI) ; and differential duties pay- 
able in Egypt on merchandise which has paid duties in Turkey 
(Art. XXIII). 

(k) All rights, privileges, and immunities accorded to Russian sub- 
jects, vessels, shipping, or commerce by existing capitulations, trea- 
ties, or agreements to remain in force, except as modified bv this 
treaty. (Art. XXV.) 

(l) Vessels of Russian shipping companies maintaining regular 
communication with Egypt and all Russian ships over 400 tons 
capacity shall have the right to engage in the coasting trade of Egypt. 
(Proces-verbal, 1.) 

(m) Detailed provisions concerning importation of arms, muni- 
tions, and explosives and police regulations relating thereto. (An- 
nexes 2 and 3.) 

(n) Detailed customs regulations in 42 sections are annexed to this 
convention. 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) Tobacco, tombac, salt, saltpeter, natron, and hashish; but na- 
tional or most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with reference 
thereto, as noted under II d above. (Art. XL) 

(2) Special arrangements between Egypt and other parts of the 
Ottoman Empire under direct administration of the Sublime Porte. 
(Art. XXII, 1.) 

(3) Arrangements which Egypt may make regarding exchange of 
native or foreign merchandise with the Sudan (Ibid.) ; but national 
and most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with reference thereto, 
as noted under II d above. 

54088— 22— 26 



388 BEITISH empire: EGYPT AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

(4) Favors which Russia may accord to other bordering States to 
facilitate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. 
(Ibid, 3.) 

(5) Favors resulting from a customs union which Russia may con- 
clude with any third power. (Ibid.) 

(6) Favors regarding importation or exportation which Russia 
may accord to inhabitants of the Province of Archangel, or concern- 
ing the north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 4.) 

{h) Articles I to V of this treaty do not apply to the coasting trade 
and interior navigation of either country, the regulation of which 
remains subject to their respective laws. (Art. V.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Egypt with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of. No. 18. 



BRITISH EMPIRE: ZANZIBAR. 

Treaties with Austria-Hungary. 

Treaties of Zanzibar with Austria-Hungry iiave been previous!}^ 
dealt with in this vohnne under No. 90. 

Treaty with France. 

See France and Muscat. No. 296. 

ff ., viTreaty with Portugal. - mFIn'^^'T " 

No. 209. 

Treaty^.of > commerce^ slave trade^ etc.^ hetwemv Zamlhar and 
Portugal. 

SIGNED 25 Oct.. 1879, at Zanzibar. No time limit stated. 
TEXT: Portuguese, Portugal Tr. 5:317-27; Englisli (traiisl.), B. F. S. P. 
70 : 1246-50. 

i. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged in general terms to 
Portuguese citizens respecting all advantages and privileges of com- 
merce, and any other advantages which Zanzibar may accord to sub- 
jects or citizens of any other nation. (Art. V.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged with regard to : 

{a) Duties payable by Portuguese citizens in Zanzibar on exports, 
imports, tonnage, license, and imposts of any other kind. (Arts. 
Ill and Y.) 

{b) Dues or imposts payable by vessels of Zanzibar in any Portu- 
guese harbors. (Art. IX.) 

{c) All rights, liberties, privileges, immunities, and exemptions 
to be accorded by either country to consular officers of the other. 
(Arts. X and XY.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Eight of Portuguese subjects to enter all harbors of Zanzibar 
with cargoes of an}^ kind, and to trade there freely in any articles 
of commerce (except gun powder, ammunition, and articles of vrar) 
on conditions and at prices as the parties think best. (Art. II.) 

{h) Portuguese vessels entering harbors of Zanzibar not to pay 
more than 5 per cent duty on cargoes landed (which includes all 
duties of import, export, tonnage, permission, pilotage, and all other 
taxes whatsoever), subject to additions or reductions applying to 
other treaty nations. (Art. III.) 

{c) The Sultan of Zanzibar binds himself not to allow establish- 
ment of any monopoly or trade privilege in his dominions, unless in 

389 



390 BRITISH EMPIEE : ZANZIBAR AND PORTUGAL. 

such articles as ivory and gum copal on the east coast of Africa 
within regions defined. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Assistance and protection for each other's vessels seeking 
refuge from damage or shipwreck. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Portuguese subjects may reside in harbors of Zanzibar, and 
may buy, sell, and lease lands and houses; their dwellings, shops, 
and other properties not to be entered without permission of Portu- 
guese consul. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Subjects of Zanzibar may reside and trade in all harbors of 
the dominions of Portugal, with complete protection for persons and 
property. (Art. IX.) 

{g) Portuguese consuls to receive property left by their nationals 
dying in Zanzibar to remit same to heirs, after paying debts due to 
subjects of Zanzibar. (Art. XI.) 

(A) Zanzibar authorities not to interfere in disputes between 
Portuguese subjects, or between Portuguese and subjects of other 
Christian nations. Disputes between Portuguese and subjects of 
Zanzibar to be judged by authorities of the defendant's nation, but 
in no case without knowledge or presence of the Portuguese consul, 
or his representative. (Art. XII.) 

(^) Detailed provisions relating to piracy (Art. VIII), bank- 
ruptcy (Art. XIII), collection of debts (Art. XIV), suppression of 
slavery (Art. XVI), and religious freedom in either country for 
subjects of the other (Art. XVII). 



BULGARIA.^^ 

Treaties with Austria to British Empire. 

Treaties of Bulgaria with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 
Austria, 'No. 64. 
Belgium, No. 94. 
Great Britain (under British Empire) , Xo. 142. 

Treaty with the Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 210. 

Treaty of jjcace heticeen Bulgaria and the Allied and Associated 
Powers. 

SIGNED '' 27 Nov., 1919, at Neuilly. Effective from 9 Aug., 1920. Duration 
indefinite, but various time limits are placed on operation of specified articles 
of the treaty. 

CONTRACTING STATES: The following States have ratified the treaty: 
Belgium, British Empire, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, .. France, Greece, Italy, 
Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, and Siam. 

TEXT : English. U. S. 67th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 7 : 47-162 ; G. B. T. 
S. 1920, No. 5, Cmd. 522. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by- 
Bulgaria to all Allied and Associated States (for limited period? 
noted below under III a-c) in respect to : 

{a) Importation, exportation, transit. — Every favor, immunity, 
or privilege granted by Bulgaria in regard to importation, expor- 
tation, or transit of goods. (Art. 150.) 

(6) Importation. — All duties or charges (including internal 
charges), and all prohibitions or restrictions imposed on importation 
into Bulgarian territory of products of any Allied or Associated 
State, from whatever place arriving. (Art. 147.) No discrimina- 

^- For detailed stipulations in Bulgaria's treaty of peace of 27 Nov., 1919. with the 
Allied and Associated Powers concerning- her treaty relations after the World War, see 
Arts. 162-75 of that treaty, noted in this volume under No. 210, VIII, h-p. Treaties 
of Bulgaria with the Allied and Associated Powers not now in force have been included 
in this volume to show the character and extent of its commercial treaty relations 
before the World War. 

^" Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of, British Empire, France, 
Italy, and Japan (these Powers being described in the treaty as the Principal Allied and 
Associated Powers) ; Belgium, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Hedjaz, Poland, 
Portugal, Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, and Siam (these Powers constituting, with 
the Principal Powers mentioned above, the Allied and Associated Powers) ; and 
Bulgaria. 

391 



392 BULGARIA x^ND ALLIED A^D ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

tion to be made, on importation, against the commerce of any Allied 
and Associated State, even by indirect means, such as customs regu- 
lations and procedure, methods of verification or analysis, condi- 
tions of payment of duties, tariff classification or interpretation, or 
the operation of monopolies. (Art. 148.) Until 9 Aug., 1921, the 
duties imposed by Bulgaria on imports from Allied and Associated 
States shall not be higher than the most favorable duties applied to 
imports into Bulgaria on 28 July, 1914. (Art. 151.) 

(c) Exportation. — All duties or charges (including internal 
charges) in all that concerns exportation of Bulgarian products to 
any Allied and Associated State; and any prohibitions or restric- 
tions on exportation of any goods sent from Bulgarian territory to 
any such State. (Art. 149.) 

(d) Fishing, coasting trade, towage. — Treatment of vessels of 
Allied and Associated Powers in Bulgarian territorial waters, as 
regards sea fishing, maritime coasting trade, and maritime towage. 
(Art. 152.) 

(e) Trade and industry. — Any prohibitions, regulations, or re- 
strictions in regard to occupations, professions, trade, and industry. 
(Art. 156 «-&.) 

(/) Aircraft. — Treatment of aircraft of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards internal commercial air traffic in Bulgaria. (Art. 
209.) 

II. Most-favored*nation treatment is pledged by Bulgaria to 
the Prinicipal Allied and Associated Powers, as regards the immuni- 
ties and privileges of foreigners, and the rights of jurisdiction and of 
consular protection enjoyed by the Allied and Associated Powers 
in Bulgaria by virtue of the capitulations, usages, and treaties, pend- 
ing conclusion of special conventions on the subject between Bulgaria 
and the Allied and Associated Powers. (Art. 175.) 

III. Time limits. — The provisions stipulating most-f avored-nation 
treatment (noted above under I ct^f) are subject to the following 
limitations of time : 

(a) Obligations imposed on Bulgaria by Articles 147 to 152 
(noted above under I Or-d) shall cease to have effect after 9 Aug., 
1925, unless the council of the League of Nations decides before 
9 Aug., 1924, that these obligations shall be maintained for a further 
period with or without amendment. (Art. 160.) 

(h) Article 156 (noted above under I <?) may be kept in operation 
after 9 Aug., 1925, with or without amendment, for a further period 
not exceeding five years, by a majority of the council of the League of 
Nations. (Art. 160.) 

(c) Article 209 (noted above under I /) remains in force until 
1 Jan., 1923, subject to contingency noted below under VII 5. i ({Ayjfcl 

211.) nnslua 



BULGARIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POV/EES. S93 

IV. National and most-favored-nation treatment is uncondition- 
ally pledged by Bulgaria to all the Allied and Associated Powers 
(subject to exceptions and limitations noted below under A^), in re- 
spect of the following matters : ''' ''" '•''■ 

(a) Ports, w^\terwats, and railways. — Transit through Bul- 
garian territories, by rail, waterway, or canal, of persons, goods, 
vessels, carriages, wagons, and mails coming from or going to any 
Allied and Associated State, whether contiguous or not. Such per- 
sons, goods, vessels, etc., shall not be subjected to riij transit duty 
or to any delays or restrictions, and shall be entitled in Bulgaria to 
national treatment as regards charges, facilities, and all other mat- 
ters. Goods in transit to be exempt from all customs or other similar 
duties. All transport charges to be reasonable, and no charge, facility, 
or restriction shall depend on ownership or nationality of the ship 
or other means of transport employed for any part of the through 
journey. (Art, 212.) . 

(h) Taxes, charges, prohibitions. — Bulgaria undertakes to make 
no discrimination or preference, direct or indirect, in the duties, 
charges, and prohibitions relating to importations into or exportations 
from her territories, or (subject to special arrangements contained 
in this treaty) in the charges and conditions of transport of goods 
or persons entering or leaving her territories, based on nationality 
of ports or means of transport employed, or on any of the other 
grounds or reasons detailed. Bulgaria particularly undertakes not 
to establish against the ports and vessels of sluj Allied or Associated 
Power any surtax or any direct or indirect bounty for export or 
import by Bulgarian ports or ships, or by those of another power, 
for example, by means of combined tariffs. (Art. 214.) 

(e) Transit traffic. — Transportation of goods in transit from or 
to territories of Allied and Associated Powers, as regards rapidity 
of carriage and care en route, with special reference to perishable 
goods and customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. 215.) 

(d) Seaports. — Treatment of seaports of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards all favors and reduced tariffs granted on Bulgarian 
railways or navigable waterways for the benefit of any Bulgarian 
or other port. (Art. 216.) 

(e) Telegraphs, telephones. — Freedom of transit for tele- 
graphic correspondence and telephonic communication coming from 
or going to any Allied Power, whether neighbor or not, over lines 
most suitable for international transit, and without unnecessary 
delay or restriction. No payment, facility, or restriction shall de- 
pend directly or indirectly on nationality of transmitter or addressee. 
(Art. 217.) " 

- (/) Navigation. — Treatment of vessels and property of nationals 
of the Allied and Associated Powers in ports and on inland naviga- 



394 BULGARIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWEES. 

tion routes in Bulgaria, in all respects, including transport of goods 
and passengers without unnecessary impediment to or from any 
ports or places in Bulgarian territory to which Bulgarian vessels 
may have access, with special reference to port and harbor facilities 
and charges of every description, no matter by whom or how levied. 
(Art. 218.) 

(g) International wateeways. — Equal treatment of the prop- 
erty and flags of all powers on the Bulgarian waterways declared 
to be international, with special reference to the Danube. (Arts. 
219, 220, and 223.) The detailed regime concerning international 
waterways set out in Articles 220 and 222 to 226 shall be superseded 
by a general convention (to which Bulgaria undertakes to adhere 
in advance) drawn up by the Allied and Associated Powers and 
approved by the League of Nations. (Art. 227.) 

(A) Inteenational teanspoet. — Treatment on Bulgarian rail- 
ways of goods coming from territories of thp Allied and Associated 
Powers and going to Bulgaria, or in transit through Bulgaria from 
or to said territories, as regards charges, facilities, and all other 
matters, with special reference to conditions of transport and 
length of route. (Art. 236.) 

(i) Use of eailways. — Railway tariffs (including drawbacks and 
rebates) applicable under the same conditions of speed and comfort 
to transportation of emigrants going to or coming from ports of 
Allied and Associated Powers and using the Bulgarian railways. 
Bulgaria must cooperate in establishment of through ticket services 
(for passengers and their luggage) required by any of said powers 
to insure their communication by rail with each other and with all 
other countries by transit through Bulgaria, and must accept trains 
and carriages coming from territories of said powers. (Art. 238.) 

V. Exceptions and limitations. — The stipulations in Articles 212 
to 218, 221, 236, and 238 to 240 (including those noted above under 
IV ar-f and h^) are subject to revision by the council of the League 
of Nations at any time after 9 Aug., 1923. Failing such revision, 
no Allied or Associated Power can thereafter (unless this three-3^ear 
period is prolonged by said council) claim the benefit of any of those 
stipulations for any portion of its territories in which reciprocity 
is not accorded in respect of such stipulations. (Art. 247.) 

VI. National treatment is pledged by Bulgaria to all the Allied 
and Associated Powers (subject to exceptions and limitations, as 
noted below under VII a~c), in respect to the following mat-ters : 

(a) Aeeial navigation. — Treatment of aircraft of Allied and 
Associated Powers when passing over or landing in Bulgarian terri- 
tory or territorial waters, as regards all privileges accorded to Bul- 
garian aircraft, particularly in case of distress by land or sea (Art. 



BULGARIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWEES. 395 

204), including any regulations which Bulgaria may make with 
reference to rights of passage, transit and landing. (Arts. 205 and 
207.) 

{b) Aerodromes. — Use of aerodromes in Bulgaria by aircraft of 
the Allied and Associated Powers, with special reference to charges 
of every description, including charges for landing and accommoda- 
tion. (Art. 206.) 

(c) Certificates and licenses. — Recognition of certificates of 
nationality, airworthiness or competency, and of licenses issued or 
recognized as valid by any of the Allied and Associated Powers. 
(Art. 208.) 

(d) Transit charges, facilities, etc. — Treatment of persons, 
goods, vessels, carriages, wagons, and mails when passing through 
Bulgarian territory or territorial waters, and from or to territories 
of any of the Allied and Associated Powers (whether contiguous or 
not), as regards charges, facilities, and all other matters. (Art. 
212.) 

(e) Railways. — Treatment of rolling stock of Allied and Asso- 
ciated Powers on Bulgarian railway lines, as regards movement, up- 
keep, and repairs. (Art. 241.) 

(/) Property rights. — Any measures in derogation of property 
rights affecting the property rights or interests restored to nationals 
of Allied and Associated Powers under Article 177 of this treaty, 
including companies and associations in which they are interested. 
(Art. 178 h.) 

(g) Restrictions. — Any restriction which was not applicable to 
nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers on 1 July, 1914. (Art. 
156 d.) 

VII. Exceptions and limitations. 

(a) Article 156 (noted above under VI g) may be kept in opera- 
tion after 9 Aug., 1925, with or without amendment, for a further 
period not exceeding five years, by a majority of the council of the 
League of Nations. (Art. 160.) 

(h) Provisions of Articles 204 to 208 (noted above under VI a-c) 
remain in force until 1 Jan., 1923, unless before that date Bulgaria 
is admitted into the League of Nations, or authorized b}^ the Allied 
and Associated Powers to adhere to the convention concluded be- 
tween said powers relative to aerial navigation. (Art. 211.) 

(c) Article 212 (noted above under VI d) is subject to revision 
by the council of the League of Nations at any time after 9 Aug., 
1923. .Failing such revision, no Allied or Associated Power can there- 
after (unless this three-year period is prolonged by said council) 
claim the benefit of this stipulation for any portion of its territories 
in which reciprocity is not accorded in respect thereof. (Art. 247.) 



396 BULGARIA AND ALLIED ATs'D ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

VIII. other provisions. 

(a) Industrial property. — Bulgaria undertakes to protect the in- 
dustrial, literary, and artistic property of nationals of the Allied and 
Associated States by effective legislation before 9 Aug., 1921, and 
meantime to continue recognition and protection of such property 
to an extent at least as great as on 28 July, 1914-. (Art. 166.) 

(h) Unfair competition. — Bulgaria undertakes to adopt all 
necessary legislative and administrative measures to protect products 
of any Allied and Associated Power from all forms of unfair com- 
petition in commercial transactions ; and undertakes to prohibit and 
repress by seizure and other appropriate remedies the importation, 
exportation, manufacture, distribution, or sale in its territory of 
all goods bearing marks or descriptions calculated to convey a false 
indication of origin, type, nature, or special characteristic of such 
goods. (Art. 154.) 

(c) Eegional appellations. — Bulgaria undertakes (on condition 
of reciprocity) to respect laws and decisions of Allied and Associated 
States duly communicated to her by proper authorities, defining or 
regulating the right to regional appellations for wines or spirits 
produced in the State to which the region belongs; and to prohibit 
and repress b^^ seizure and other appropriate remedies the importa- 
tion, exportation, manufacture, distribution, or sale of articles bear- 
ing regional appellations inconsistent with such law or order. (Art. 
155.) 

(d) Consular officers. — Bulgaria undertakes to approve consu- 
lar officers which Allied and Associated Powers may appoint, and 
to admit them to the exercise of their functions in conformity with 
the usual rules and customs. (Art. 159.) 

(e) Government trading. — If the Bulgarian Government engages 
in international trade, it shall not in respect thereof have any rights, 
privileges, or immunities of sovereignty. (Art. 161.) 

(/) Aerial navigation. — Bulgarian aircraft flying over her ter- 
ritory must comply with the rules for air traffic in the neighborhood 
of aerodromes, as laid down in the convention concluded between 
the Allied and Associated Powers; with special reference to lights, 
signals, and rules of the air. (Art. 210.) 

(^) Transmigration. — Bulgaria undertakes not to exercise any 
control over transmigration traffic through her territories beyond 
measures necessary to insure that passengers are bona fide in transit ; 
nor to allow any shipping company or other private corporation or 
person interested in the traffic to take part in or exercise influence 
over any administrative service that may be necessary for this pur- 
pose; (Art. 213.) 

(h) Pecuniary claims. — Bulgaria undertakes not to put forward 
directly or indirectly against any power signatory of this treaty 



BULGARIA AI^D ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 397 

any pecuniary claim based on events which occurred at any time 
before 9 Aug., 1920 ; all claims of this nature are extinguished after 
that date, whoever may be the parties in interest. (Art. 295). 

(i) Prize courts. — Bulgaria accepts as valid and binding specified 
decrees and orders made by any prize court of the Allied and Associ- 
ated Powers, and waives all claims arising therefrom on behalf of 
any Bulgarian national. Said powders reserve the right to examine 
in their own way all decisions and orders of Bulgarian prize courts. 
Bulgaria agrees to furnish copies of all documents constituting the 
record of the case, and to give effect to recommendations made after 
such examination. (Art. 296.) 

(j) Protection of minorities. — Bulgaria undertakes to assure full 
and complete protection of life and liberty to all inhabitants of Bul- 
garia, without distinction of birth, nationality, language, race, or re- 
ligion. (Art. 50.) Differences of religion, creed, or confession shall 
not prejudice any Bulgarian national in matters relating to civil or 
political rights, as for instance admission to public employments, 
functions, and honors, or exercise of professions or industries. (Arts. 
53 and 57.) These stipulations are recognized as fundamental laws 
and placed under the guarantee of the League of Nations. (Art. 
57.) No Bulgarian law, regulation, or official action shall conflict 
or interfere with the same or prevail over them. (Art. 49.) 

(k) Treaties — Enumeration of multilateral treaties, conventions, 
and agreements to be applied, after 9 Aug., 1920, and subject to 
provisions of this treaty, as between Bulgaria and those of the 
Allied and Associated Powers party thereto (Arts. 162-4) ; and of 
specified conventions to which Bulgaria undertakes to adhere (Arts. 
166-7). 

' (?) Each of the Allied and Associated Powers must, before 9 Feb., 
1921, notify to Bulgaria the bilateral agreements of all kinds which 
such power wishes to revive with Bulgaria; all not thus notified are 
and remain abrogated. This applies even to those of the Allied and 
Associated Powers who were not in a state of war with Bulgaria. 
(Art. 168.) 

(m) All treaties, conventions, etc., made by Bulgaria with Ger- 
many, Austria, Hungary, or Turkey between 1 Aug., 1914, and 
9 Aug., 1920, are and remain abrogated. (Art. 169.) 

(n) All treaties, conventions, etc., concluded by Bulgaria before 
9 Aug., 1920, with Russia, or with any Government of which the 
territory previously formed part of Russia; or concluded with Rou- 
mania between 15 Aug., 1916, and 9 Aug., 1920, are and remain 
abrogated. (Art. 171.) 

(o) All treaties, agreements, arrangements, and contracts con- 
cluded by Bulgaria with Morocco or Egypt are abrogated, as from 
11 Oct., 1915. (Arts. 6:2-3.) 



398 BULGARIA AND GERMANY. 

(p) Bulgaria undertakes to adhere to any general conventions 
regarding international regime of transit, waterways, ports, or rail- 
ways which may be concluded by the Allied and Associated Powers^ 
with approval of the League of Nations, before 9 Aug., 1925. (Art. 
248.) 

(q) Extensive provisions concerning rights of industrial, literary, 
and artistic property, (Arts. 190-95.) 

Further extensive and detailed provisions relate to the following 
matters : 

(r) Political clauses, with special reference to neighboring States. 
(Arts. 36-63.) 

(s) Military, naval, and air clauses. (Arts. 64-104.) 

(t) Prisoners of war, and graves. (Arts. 105-17.) 

(u) Penalties (Arts. 118-120) and reparation (Arts. 121-31), 

(v) Financial clauses. (Arts. 132-146.) 

(w) Ports, waterways, and railways. (Arts. 212-47.) 

(x) Covenant of the League of Nations.^* (Arts. 1-26.) 

(?/) Articles relating to labor.^^ (Arts. 249-89.) 

(,?) Miscellaneous provisions. (Arts. 2-90-95.) 

Treaty with Germany. 
No. 211. 

Treaty of commerce^ custoTns^ and navigation hetioeen Bulgaria and 
Germany. 

SIGNED 1 Aug., 1905, at Berlin. Effective from 14 Jan., 1906, until 28 Feb., 
1911. Extended by notes of 29 Sept., 1911,'' until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter 
until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXIII.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906:1216-59; French, B. F. S. P. 98:703-16. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms by either country to products of 
the other respecting any faA^or or immunity which either may con- 
cede to the products of any third Power (Art. VII) ; except as noted 
below. 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a). Treatment of citizens of either country exercising the follow- 
ing professions in the other : Village innkeepers, druggists, brokers, 
peddlers, and other itinerant tradesmen. (Art. III.) 

{h) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, in- 
dustrial, and financial associations of either country may exercise in 
the other. (Art. III.) 

((?) Any favors, privileges, or tariff reductions concerning im- 
portation or exportation of products of either country, and matters 

«* See No. 506. ^^ see No. 507. ^^ German, Hdv. 1915 : 6_7. 



BULGARIA AND GERMANY. 399 

relating to transit, reexportation, warehousing, local dues, and 
<iustoms formalities ; with special reference to amount, guaranty, and 
collection of import and export duties. (x\rt. VII.) 

{d) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, 
or transit ; with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. VIII.) 

{e) Export duties imposed by either country on exportation of 
any objects to the other, and any favors regarding exportation. 
(Art. IX.) 

(/) Any favors or privileges which either country may accord in 
respect of its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 
XIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting all privileges, im- 
munities, and other favors which either country may grant in mat- 
ters of commerce and industry ; except as noted under V h below, and 
subject to laws and regulations concerning police of commerce, in- 
dustry, customs, and ports. (Art. I and final protocol.) 

National or most- favored-nation treatment (optional) is further 
reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) All duties, taxes, imposts, or licenses concerning exercise of 
commerce and industry in either country (Art. I) ; except as noted 
under V h below. 

{h) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice in either countr3^ (Art. II.) 

{c) Any special tax payable in either country by merchants, manu- 
facturers, or commercial travelers from the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Exceptional charges and military contributions or requisi- 
tions incumbent on possession of landed property in either country. 
(Art. V and final protocol.) 

{e) Internal duties levied in either country on production or 
consumption, whether imposed by the State, or by communes or 
corporations. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other country than on similar articles of domestic 
or other foreign production. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Treatment by either Country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes 
(Art. XIV, and final protocol) ; except as noted under V c below. 

{g) Treatment by either country of vessels and merchandise of 
the other, in all respects; with special reference to payment of re- 
muneratory taxes or dues in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, and 
harbors of either country. (Art. XIX.) 



400 BULGARIA AND GERMANY. 

(A) Any additional or accessory taxes payable in Bulgaria by 
German ships or merchandise, whether imported by water or by 
land. (Final protocol, Art. XIV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Right to acquire, possess, or alienate every description of 
property, movable or immovable, and all taxes, imposts, or charges 
of any kind relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

(h) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs 
or markets in the other, to exercise their commerce or sell their 
products, and payment of taxes relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Any dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XVI.) 

(d) All favors and immunities granted by laws of either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes; with special 
reference to pa5^ment of salvage expenses. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may 
carry samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a 
legitimation certificate in the form prescribed. (Art. IV, final p^ro- 
tocol, and Annex A.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military services and contributions, and from obligation to accept 
judicial, administrative, or municipal functions; except as noted 
under II d above. (Art. V and final protocol.) 

(c) Neither countr^^ to obstruct commerce with the other by prohi- 
bitions against importation, exportation, or transit: except for the 
following reasons applying to all countries under similar conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public safet}^ 

(3) Measures of sanitary police, or to protect animals and useful 
plants from disease, insects, or noxious parasites. 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or domestic dis- 
tribution of similar articles of national production. (Art. VI and 
final protocol.) * 

(d) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs B and C 
annexed to this treaty, when imported into the other, shall not pay 
other or higher duties than those specified in these tariffs. (Art. 
VIII, final protocol, Annexes B and C.) 

(e) Merchandise of any kind passing through either country to or 
from the other is reciprocally exempt from all transit duties, whether 
going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. X.) 



BULGARIA AND GREAT BRITAIN. 401 

(/) Certificates of origin may be required by either country, 
under conditions stated. (Art. XI.) 

(g) Certain specified articles are exempt from all import and ex- 
port duties in either country, under conditions stated. (Art. XII.) 

(k) Eight of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other oji.jthe; same voyage; but coast- 
ing trade is excepted. (Art. XIV.) 

(i) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities^ render laws of each 
country. (Art. XV and final protocol.) """' ^" *. V^ T <' 

(j) Ships of either country are exempt from tonnage and clear- 
ance dues in the other, under conditions stated. (Art. XVII.) 

(k) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs B and C annexed to this treaty, or concerning rates 
of conventional tariffs of either country, and statement of procedure 
relating thereto. (Art. XXII and final protocol.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Provisions of this treaty do not apply to the coasting trade 
(except as noted under I e above), which is reserved for regulation 
by laws of each country. (Art. XIV.) 

(h) The national treatment provisions of Art. I (noted under II 
and II a above) do not apply to druggists, brokers, village inn- 
keepers, peddlers, and other itinerant tradesmen. (Art. I.) 

(c) Most-favored-nation provisions of Art. VII (noted under I c 
abo^-^) do not apply to : 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate local traffic in frontier districts within 15 kilometers 
of the boundar}^ line. 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed upon either country by 
virtue of a customs union. (Art. VII.) 

(d) The provisions of Art. XIV (noted under II / above) do 
not apply to : 

(1) Special advantages which either country may conced'e to its 
national fisheries. 

(2) Subsidies or guaranties which either country may accord to 
its merchant marine. (Art. XIV and final protocol.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty extends to any countries 
or territories which may be united with either party in a customs 
union. (Art. XXL) 

Treaty with Great Britain. 

See No. 142. 



402 BULGARIA AND ITALY. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 212. 

Treaty of commerce^ ciistovis^ and navigation hetiveen Bulgaria and 
Italy. 

SIGNED 13 Jan., 1906. at Sofla. Effective from 14 Jan., 1906, until 28 Feb., 
1911, and thereafter until terminated by one years notice from either party. 
(Art. XXI.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 99 : 899-913 ; G. U. 15 Nov.. 1906^ No. 266 ; 
Boll Leg. Dog. 23 : 2283-2308 ; Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 143-61. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting any faA^or, privilege, or immunity which either 
country may accord to any third power in matters relating to exer- 
cise of commerce, navigation, and industry; such as duties (amount, 
guaranty, and collection) on importation and exportation, and mat- 
ters relating to transit, warehousing, local dues, customs, and other 
formalities, transshipment of merchandise, and transportation on 
railways. (Art. IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment of citizens of either country engaged in the fol- 
lowing professions in the other: Village innkeepers, pharmacists, 
brokers, peddlers, and other itinerant tradesmen. (Art. III.) 

{b) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose on 
importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV), as noted below under 
IV 5. ' 

{c) Treatment by either country of products of the other, whether 
imported for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, or transit 
with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. V.) 

{d) Any favor accorded by either country with regard to exporta- 
tion, with special reference to export duties imposed by either coun- 
try on exportation of any objects to the other. (Art. V.) 

{e) Rights which commercial, industrial, and financial companies 
and associations of either country may exercise in the other. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(/) Treatment of Italian subjects in Bulgaria with reference to 
judicial procedure in civil cases. (Decl. A.) 

{g) Treatment of Italian products with regard to any favor which 
Bulgaria may accord in matters relating to customs procedure, as 
regards packing of merchandise and deduction of tares. (Proces- 
ve-bal of 13 Nov., 1908.^0 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting any privileges, im- 

8^ English, B. F. S. P. ] 02 : 387-8 



BULGARIA AND ITALY. 403 

munities, or other favors in matters of commerce and industry. 
(Art. I.) 

National or most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally 
pledged in regard to: 

(a) All taxes, imposts, or fees of any kind payable by subjects of 
either country on their commerce or industry in any part of the 
other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Military and other charges, contributions, or requisitions in- 
cumbent on possession of landed property in either country. (Art. 

n.) 

((?) Right of subjects of either country to exercise any lawful com- 
merce or industry in the other, personally or by agents, singly or 
jointly, with nationals or other foreigners; except that of village 
innkeepers, pharmacists, brokers, peddlers, and other itinerant 
tradesmen. (Art. III.) 

(d) Application of special laws and regulations concerning com- 
merce and industry in either country to citizens of the other. (Art. 

III.) 

(e) All rights and immunities concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice in either country. (Art. III.) 

(/) Internal duties on production or consumption, whether levied 
by the State, by communes, or corporations in either country. Such 
duties must not bear more heavily on imported products of the other 
country than on similar articles of native or other foreign produc- 
tion. (Art. VI.) 

(g) Any special tax payable by merchants, manufacturers, or 
their commercial travelers of either country making purchases or 
soliciting orders in the other. (Art. VII.) 

(A) Treatment of vessels of either country and their cargoes in 
ports of the other, in every respect, from whatever place arriving 
and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes ; with 
special reference to duties, taxes, or charges of any kind, whether 
affecting the hull of the ship or its flag or cargo, and no matter by 
whom or how levied in either country. (Art. X.) 

(^) Any privilege or favor which either country may accord in 
matters concerning the placing, loading, or unloading of vessels in 
ports, rivers, canals, or other waters of either country, including all 
formalities and arrangements affecting merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Art. XII.) 

(i) Treatment of Italian vessels and merchandise (whether im- 
ported by land or sea), respecting payment of specified additional 
duties or accessory taxes. (Final protocol. Arts. X-XVI.) ; 

(k) Treatment by either country of citizens of the other with re- 
gard to commerce in animals, or in hides, and other raw animal prod- 
.54083—22 27 



404 BULGARIA AND ITALY. 

ucts, with' special reference to obligations, rights, favors, or exemp- 
tions relating thereto. (Decl. E.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Treatment of subjects of either country proceeding to mar- 
kets or fairs in the other to ply their trades or sell their products, 
with special reference to payment of taxes. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Exemption of vessels of either country in ports of the other 
from payment of dues on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(c) All favors and immunities granted by law in either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes, with special 
reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. XVI.) 

(d) Protection of citizens of either country in the other with 
regard to all matters concerning protection of trade-marks, subject 
to fulfilling formalities prescribed by law. (Art. XVII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all forced loans 
and other extraordinary contributions of any kind, from quartering 
of troops, and from obligation to accept judicial, administrative, or 
municipal office, except military charges and requisitions incum- 
bent on possession of landed property in either country. (Art. II.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by- 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Consideration of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, noxious insects, and parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws pro- 
hibiting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation 
of similar articles of national production. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Products of Italy enumerated in tariff B annexed to this 
treaty shall not pay on importation into Bulgaria other or higher 
duties than specified in this tariff. (Arts. V, VI.) 

(d) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. 
VI.) 

(e) Merchants, manufacturers, and their commercial travelers of 
either country may make purchases and solicit orders in the other, 
with or without samples ; but may not ^\y itinerant trades, nor solicit 



BULGARIA AND ITALY. 405 

orders from persons not engaged in commerce or industry. (Art. 
VII and final protocol.) 

(/) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties in either country, subject to customs regulations re- 
lating thereto. (Art. VII and Annex A.) 

(g) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country 
is exempt in the other from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. IX.) 

(h) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. XI.) 

(i) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. (Art. 
XIII.) But coasting trade is excepted. (Art. XIV.) 

(j) Exemption of vessels from all tonnage and clearance duties 
(except sanitar}^ dues) in either country, under conditions stated. 
(Art. XV.) 

(k) Merchandise salvaged in either country from ships of the 
other is exempt from all customs duties, unless released for domes- 
tic consumption. (Art. XVI.) 

(I) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or appli- 
cation of this treaty, and of questions concerning exercise of com- 
merce between the two countries. Statement of procedure relating 
thereto. (Art. XX and final protocol.) 

(m) Detailed regulations annexed to the treaty concerning : 

(1) Customs expedition of merchandise in Bulgaria. (Decl. B.) 

(2) Treatment of commercial samples in Bulgaria. (Decl. C.) 

(3) Indication of numbers or counts of threads and yarns im- 
ported into Bulgaria. (Decl. D.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. XIV.) 

(2) Advantages which either country may accord to products of 
its national fisheries. (Art. XVIII.) 

(b) Most- favored-nation provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) Special favors resulting from a customs union. (Art. XIX.) 

(2) Favors which either country may accord to other bordering 
States to facilitate frontier trafiic. (Ibid.) 



406 BULGARIA AND ITOEWAY. 

Treaty with Montenegro. 

No. 213. 

Convention between Bulgaria and Montenegro granting 7nost- 

favored-nation treatment in matters of commerce and navigation. 

SIGNED 9 May, 1909, at Cetinje. Ratifications exchanged there 22 May, 
1912. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. II.) 
TEXT : French. B. F. S. P. 102 : 374-5. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms respecting establishment of nationals of either country in the 
other and all matters concerning commerce and navigation; with 
special reference to importation, exportation, transit, and whatever 
concerns customs duties, commercial operations, exercise of com- 
merce and industry, and payment of taxes relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 
No. 214. 

Exchange of notes between Bulgaria and the Netherlands continu- 
ing the arrangements regarding most-favored-nation treatment in 
"inatters of commerce. 

SIGNED 13 Jan., 1906. at Constantinople. No time limit stated. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 258.. 

Most-favored-nation treatment, reciprocally pledged by the pro- 
visional commercial convention of 1897,^^ is indefinitely prolonged 
on the basis of recent and future treaties of Bulgaria with other 
nations; with special reference to customs duties to be levied in 
either country on products of the other, including colonial products 
from the Dutch colonies. /''t. \J^ 

Treaty with Norway. 
No. 215. 

Excham,ge of notes between Bulgaria and Norway granting reciprocal 
7710 st- favored-nation treatment. 

SIGNED 30 July, 1908, at Berlin. Effective from year to year, subject to 
termination on three months' notice by either party. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 725-6 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 43-4. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with refer- 
ence to privileges to be accorded by either country to the subjects, 
merchandise, and ships of the other, pending conclusion of a con- 
vention of commerce and navigation between the two countries, 
except : 

{a) Special concessions which Norway may grant to S^veden. 

{b) Concessions which either country may grant to bordering 
States to facilitate frontier traffic. • 

s« French,, B. F. S. P. 89 : 1153-4. 



BULGARIA AND RUMANIA. 407 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 216. 

Treaty of cot^imevce and navigation 'between Bulgajiia and Rumania. 

SIGNED 3 Dec, 1907, at Bucliarest. Ratifications exchanged there 27 Jan., 
1908. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XVII.) 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 557-61 ; Martens 89 : 176-82. 

I. Most-favored -nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms by either country to products of 
the other respecting any favor or immunity which either may con- 
cede to the products of any third power (Art. V), except as noted 
below. 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(<2) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
property of all kinds in either country, by will or otherwise in any 
manner, so far as permitted to foreigners, and subject to laws con- 
cerning acquisition of immovable rural prpp^rty iiii^ithe;: .Qpujitry. 
(Art. II.) 700 'fArrtf^ ^o p^-ro'-r frj r^-h : 

(5) Any favors, privileges, or tariif reductions concerning im- 
portation or exportation of products of either country, and matters 
relating to transit, reexportation, warehousing, local dues, and cust 
toms formalities, with special reference to amount, guaranty, and 
collection of import and export duties. (Art. V.) 
■ (c) Treatment ol products of either country imported, into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, 
or transit, with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. YI.) 

(^d) Export duties imposed by either country on. exportation of 
any objects to the other, and any favors regarding exportation. 
(Art. VIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, privileges, 
immunities, favors, and exemptions relating to exercise of, com- 
merce and industry in either country, subject to the laws and 
special regulations applying to all foreigners in matters of estab- 
lishment, commerce, industry, and police. (Art. I.) 

National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is further 
reciprocally pledged in regard to: ^ nuio'jo^: 

{a) Internal duties levied in either country on production or 
consumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or cor- 
porations. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other country than on similar articles of domestic 
or other foreign production. (Art. X.) 

ifi) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoies, from whatever place arriving and whatever their desti- 
nation, except: » 



408 BULGABIA AND RUMANIA. 

(1) Special advantages which either country may concede to its 
national fisheries. 

(2) Favors which either country may accord to its merchant 
marine. (Art. XI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Payment of 'taxes, imposts, or charges of whatever kind relat- 
ing to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty in either country, by will or otherwise, including duties on 
export of proceeds of property sold. (Art. II.) 

(h) All rights and immunities concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice in either country, with special reference to employment of ad- 
vocates or other agents. (Art. II.) 

(c) Military contributions and requisitions imposed by either coun- 
try in peace or war, and right to indemnities established by laws of 
either country in favor of its nationals. (Art. III.) 

(d) All dues for tonnage, port, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, 
and similar dues of whatever kind, no matter by whom or how 
levied in ports of either country on ships of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving and whatever their destination. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) Any dues payable by merchant ships of either country seek- 
ing refuge in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. (Art. 
XV.) 

(/) All favors and immunities granted by laws of either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes, with special 
reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea. (Art. III.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons applying to all countries under similar con- 
ditions : 

(1) Provision of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public safety. 

(3) Measures of sanitary police, or to protect animals and useful 
plants from disease, insects, or noxious parasites. 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or domestic dis- 
tribution of similar articles of national production. (Art. VI and 
final protocol.) 

(5) Products which are Government monopolies in either country. 
(Art. IV.) 

^*(c) Merchandise of any kind passing through either country by 
a commercial route open to transit is reciprocally exempt from all 



BULGARIA AND RUSSIA. 409 

transit duties, whether passing straight through, or unloaded, stored, 
and reloaded. (Art. VII.) 

{d) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when destined for warehousing or transit. (Art. X.) 

{e) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage; but coast- 
ing trkde is excepted. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Ships of either country are exempt from tonnage and clear- 
ance dues in the other, under conditions stated. (Art. XIY.) 

V. Exceptions. 

{a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to the maritime 
coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by laws of each 
country. (Art. XL) 

(J) Most-favored-nation provisions of Article V (noted under I 
and I h above) do not apply to : 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate local traffic in frontier districts within 15 kilometers of 
the boundary line. (Art. VII.) 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed upon either country by 
virtue of a customs union. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Russia. 
No. 217. 

Treaty of corrmierce and navigation hetween Bulgaria and Russia. 

SIGNED 8 Mar., 1905, at St. Petersburg. Ratifications exchanged there 29 
Jan., 1906. Effective until 14 Mar., 1910, and thereafter until terminated by 
12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XIX.) 

TEXT: French, Martens 87:226-33; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 
100 : 817-24. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pl<edged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
with regard to all rights, advantages, privileges, and bounties which 
either country may confer on the subjects of any other nation, in all 
respects; with special reference to any diminution of import duties 
granted in favor of any third power; subject to the laws and regula- 
tions relating to trade and industry and applying to all foreigners 
in either country. (Arts. I and VI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : ' 

{a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to mov- 
able or immovable property of any kind, by will or otherwise, in any 
lawful manner. (Art. II.) 



410 BULGARIA AND RUSSIA. 

(h) Rights which commercial, industrial, or financial companies 
and associations of either country may exercise in the other. 
(Art IV.) 

(e) Treatment by either country of products of the other, whether 
imported for consumption, warehousing, or transit delivery; with 
special reference to payment of dues, rates, direct or indirect taxes, 
and additional duties or prohibition on importation. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Export duties imposed by either country on products exported 
to the other, and any bounties regarding exportation. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
traders, or commercial travelers of the other in respect of passports 
and payment of trade dues. (Art. XI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Quartering of troops, and other military requisitions incum- 
bent on possession of landed property in either country. (Art. III.) 

(h) All rights, privileges, and bounties concerning treatment by 
either country of ships of the other and their cargoes, from what- 
ever place arriving and whatever their destination, and whatever the 
origin or destination of the cargoes (Art. XII) ; except: 

(1) Special privileges which either country may accord to native 
fisheries and to products of fisheries. (Ibid., a.) 

(2) Bounties which either country may accord to native com- 
mercial shipping. (Ibid., h.) 

(3) The coasting trade of both countries, as distinguished from 
port to port trade. (Ibid.) , 

(e) Payment of remuneratory port dues levied on ships for serv- 
ices rendered; with special reference to dues for light, pilotage, 
towage, and quarantine dues, and arrangements made by either 
country to facilitate navigation. (Art. XV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to carry on trade and in- 
dustry in the other, and payment of dues relating thereto; subject 
to the laws and regulations relating to trade and industry and ap- 
plying to all foreigners in either country. (Art. I.) " ' "^ 

(h) Payment of taxes, imposts, or charges of whatever kiiicf re- 
lating to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
property in either country, by will or otherwise ; including duties on 
export of proceeds of property sold. (Art. II.) 

(c) All rights and privileges concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice in either country, with special reference to employment of ad- 
vocates or other agents. (Art. II.) 



BULGARIA AND RUSSIA. 411 

{d) Internal duties levied in either country on production or 
consumption, whether in favor of the State or of societies or cor- 
porations. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other country than on corresponding indigenous 
products. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Treatment of citizens of either country attending markets in 
the other to carry on trade and to sell their products, with special 
reference to payment of dues. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Exemption of vessels of either country in ports of the other 
from payment of dues on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. 
XIV.) 

{g) All privileges and exemptions granted by law in either coun- 
try to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes. (Art. 
XVL) 

{h) Treatment in either country of citizens of the other making 
use of specified equipments and services established for public use ; 
such as roads, canals, locks, bridges, weighbridges, ports, landings, 
signals, cranes, pilotage, warehouses, and facilities for salvaging 
vessels or cargoes, whether such services are administered by the 
State or by private parties; with special reference to conditions or 
taxes relating thereto. No tax to be collected unless the equipment 
or service was actually used, except for lighting and pilotage, which 
are subject to special regulations. (Art. XVII.) 

{i) Use of railways of either country by citizens of the other; 
with special reference to rates, speed, and means of transport, ex- 
cept reduced rates in the interests of public utility or charity. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

IV. other provisions. 

{a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory official service, whether judicial, administrative, or mu- 
nicipal (except guardianship) ; from all personal military service 
by land or sea; and from all contributions, forced loans, and mili- 
tary requisitions or charges of any kind; except charges and requi- 
sitions incumbent on possession of landed property. (Art. III.) 

{h) Both countries agree not to restrict mutual trade relations by 
any prohibition against importation or exportation, and to allow 
free transit by all routes open to transit ; except that : 

(1) Duties may be levied on objects of State monopoly in either 
country. 

(2) Special prohibitions may be imposed on certain articles for 
reasons of veterinary police, and of public health and safety. 
(Art. V.) 



412 BULGARIA AND SPAIN. 

(c) Merchandise of all kinds passing through either country by 
a commercial route open to transit is exempt from all transit duties, 
whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. 
(Art. IX.) 

(d) Ships of either country may load or discharge foreign cargo 
at different ports of the other on the same voyage ; but coasting trade 
is excepted. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Ships of either country are exempt from tonnage and clear- 
ance dues in the other, under conditions stated ; except remuneratory 
dues for light, pilotage, towage, quarantine, and other dues for serv- 
ices rendered. (Art. XV.) 

(/) Merchandise salvaged from ships of either country is exempt 
in the other from all customs duties, unless destined for consumption 
in the country. (Art. XVI.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. XII.) 

(2) Privileges resulting from a customs convention which either 
country may conclude with any third power. (Art. X, 1.) 

(3) Privileges which either country may accord to bordering 
States to facilitate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the bound- 
ary line. (Ibid.) 

(4) Privileges which may be accorded to residents in the province 
of Archangel with regard to importation or exportation or to resi- 
dents on the north or east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 2.) 

(h) Articles VI, VIII, and IX of this treaty do not affect: 

(1) Special stipulations in the treaty of 8 May, 1838.^^* between 
Russia and Sweden and Norway. (Ibid.) 

(2) Stipulations relating to trade with x\siatic powers and posses- 
sions bordering on Russia. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 218. 

Exchange of notes between Bulgaria and Spain granting most- 
favored-nation treatment in matters of commerce and navigation. 

SIGNED 5 Oct., 1908, at Vienna. Effective from year to year, subject to 
termination on three months' notice by either party. 

TEXT : Spanish, Martens 89 : 318-19 ; French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 921-2. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally assured in general 

terms by either country to the subjects, merchandise, and vessels of 

the other in all respects; except concessions which either country 

may grant to bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. 

88* See No. 440. 



BULGARIA AND SWITZERLAND. 413 

Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 219. 

Exchange of notes hetween BulgaHa and Sweden granting reci- 
procal most- favored-nation treaPment. 

SIGNED 10 May, 1906, at Constantinople. Effective from year to year, 
subject to termination on tliree months' notice by either party. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 99 : 913-14 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 582. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged by either 

country to the merchandise and navigation of the other; except: 

i^a) The coasting trade of both countries. 

(J) Concessions which Sweden may grant to Norway exclusively. 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 220. 

Exchange of notes between Bulgaria and Switzerland for providonal 

regulation of convmercial relations, 

SIGNED 17 Feb., 1906, at Vienna. Effective until conclusion of a commercial 
treaty. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 824-5. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
spect to matters of commerce and customs duties. 



CANADA. 

Treaties with France and West Indies. 

Treaties of Canada have been previously dealt" with in this volume 
under British Empire. 



CHILE. 

Treaties with Bolivia. 

Treaties of Chile with Bolivia have been previously dealt with in 
this volume under Bolivia, Nos. 125 and 126. ; : r:>R,9;>iioP (^) 

Treaty with Denmark. 
No, 221. 

Treaty of coinmerce and navigation 'bet%oeen Chile and Denmarh. 

SIGNED 4 Feb., 1899, at Berlin. Ratifications exchanged there 9 Apr., 
1907, Additional article signed 30 Nov., 1905,' at Santiago. Terminable on 
12 months' notice from either party. (Art. Ill, addl. art., sec. 4.) 

TEXT : Danish and Spanish, Martens 87 : 291-4 ; Spanish, Chile Tr. 5 : 45-50 ; 
English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 100:832-3. 

BIost-favored-eatioR treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect 
to all favors, privileges, or immunities relating to commerce and 
navigation (Art. I) ; except: 

{a) Special customs tariffs accorded b}^ Chile exclusively to the 
produce of any other Central or South American State, including 
commercial exemptions of all kinds, also special concessions in 
matters of harbor, quay, and light dues, and exemptions from other 
imposts on navigation (Art. II, addl. art., sec. 1.) 

{b) Laws and regulations governing the coasting trade in favor 
of national shipowners, Chile being free to extend these favors to 
shipowners of other Central or South American States, and Denmark 
to shipowners of other Scandinavian countries. (Addl. art., sec. 2.) 

Treaty with Germany (Customs union). 
No. 222. 

Treaty of friendsKif^ commerce^ and navigation between Chile and 
the German Customs Union. 

SIGNED 1 Feb.. 1862, at Santiago. Effective from 31 July, 1863, until 31 
Dec, 1865, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XIX.) On 27 Aug., 1895, Chile gave notice to terminate, as from 
31 May. 1897, but before that date the treaty was renewed for an indefinite 
term, subject to termination on 3 months' notice by either party. (Hdv. 1906: 
83-4.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 75-84 ; Spanish, Chile Tr. 1 : 307-23 ; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 70: 849-57. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, and im- 

414 



CHILE AXD GERMANY. 415 

inunit}^ relating to commerce or navigation which either country may 
poncede to the subjects of any other State. (Art. VI.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

.' (a) Eight of access with ships and cargoes, including warships and 
mailboats to all ports, rivers, and places in either country, so far as 
permitted by its laws, except coasting navigation as distinguished 
from port to port trade with foreign cargoes. (Art. II.) 

(b) All duties levied by either country on importation of products 
of the other. (Art. III.) 

(c) Any prohibitions imposed by either countrj^ against importa- 
tion of any article from the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on expor- 
tation of any article to the other. (Art. III.) 

(e) The differential duty called patent tax which foreign mer- 
chants and tradesmen had to pay in Chile. (Art. XII.) s'C .iiA) 

(/) All privileges, exemptions, and immuniti^es accorded to con- 
sular agents by either country. (Art. XIII.) 

(g) Favors or concessions which either country may accord with 
respect to recoverv of deserters from naval or militarv services. 
(Art. XIY.) 

(A) All liberties, rights, and protection concerning establishment, 
maintenance, and use of cemeteries and burial places. (Art. XVI.) 

11. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Protection and security of persons and property of citizens of 
either country residing in the other or engaged in any lawful trade, 
industry, or commerce by wholesale or retail in any part of either 
country. (Art. II.) 

(h) All dues for tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, 
and similar dues or charges of any kind imposed in ports of either 
country on ships of the other from whatever place arriving, whether 
levied for the Government or public functionaries, corporations, or 
establishment of any kind. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Any burden, restriction, or prohibition imposed and all draw- 
backs, premiums, exemptions, or concessions allowed on merchandise 
imported into or exported from either country in ships of the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

(d) Any duties imposed and all premiums or drawbacks allowed on 
importation or exportation of any article which may be legally im- 
ported into or exported from either country whether carried in ves- 
sels of either nation. (Art. V.) 

(e) Employment of agents in either country by citizens of the 
other and payment of remuneration to persons employed. (Art. 
VIII.)io noi^R^vrRtl ^aii^Bo- ^Mqfi ' IT hns 



416 CHILE AND GERMANY. 

(/) All rights and privileges concerning protection of persons and 
property in either country, including access to courts of justice and 
employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Arts. IX and 
XVI.) 

(g) All privileges, liberties, and rights in all that relates to harbor 
police, loading and unloading of vessels, warehousing and safety of 
merchandise, inheritance of movable property by will or otherwise, 
disposal of all movable property in an}^ manner whatever, with re- 
spect to administration of justice, with special reference to payment 
of imposts or duties relating to any of these, and subject always to 
the laws and regulations of the country. (Art. X.) 

(h) Any charges, requisitions, or imposts payable in either coun- 
try by citizens of the other. (Art. XII.) 

(^) Right of German subjects with respect to property acquired 
in Chile under its laws, and all burdens or imposts relating thereto. 
(Art. XII.) 

(7) Any burdens or exemptions which either country may impose 
on property of citizens of the other in case of rupture of friendly 
relations between the two countries. (Art. XV.) 

(k) Payment of salvage dues and other expenses incurred by ves- 
sels of either nation wrecked off the coast of the other. (Art. XVII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels to be determined, for the purpose of 
this treaty, by the laws of each country. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Citizens of either country may conduct their business in the 
other personally or by agents, and may freely buy or sell any article 
of lawful trade imported into or exported from either country. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, and from all forced loans 
and military exactions or requisitions. (Art. XII.) 

(d) In case of rupture of friendly relations between the two coun- 
tries, subjects of either established in the other may continue their 
trade or employment without interruption, so long as they behave 
peaceably and observe the laws. In case they desire to leave tho 
country, they are allowed from 6 to 12 months to arrange their 
affairs and dispose of their property, and a safe conduct over any 
road they may choose for the purpose. (Art. XV.) 

(e) Detailed provisions concerning indemnities payable to owners 
of vessels forcibly detained by the Government of either country 
in case of war, through embargo or closure of ports for a period ex- 
ceeding six days. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Exception. — The provisions of Article II (noted under I a 
and II a above) do not apply to the coasting navigation of either 
country. (Art. II.) 



CHILE AND JAPAN. 417 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 223. 

Treaty of commerce cund navigation hetween Chile and Italy. 

SIGNED 12 July, 1898, at Berlin. Ratifications exchanged 3 July, 1911, at 
Rome. Effective indefinitely, subject to termination on 12 months' notice from 
either party. (Art. III.) 

TEXT: Italian, Boll. Leg. Dog. 28:928; Martens 90:22-4; English (transL), 
B. F. S. P. 101 : 923. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in all that 
concerns their respective citizens, commerce, and navigation, with 
regard to any favor, privilege, or immunity which either country may 
accord to the citizens or products of any other nation (Art. I), ex- 
cept special reductions of customs duties which Chile may grant to 
the products of any other Central or South American State. (Art. 

11.) ([..>,., •] 

Treaty with Japan. 

No. 224. 

Treaty of friendship^ comm^erce^ and navigation hetween Chile ayid 
Japan. 

SIGNED 25 Sept., 1897, at Washington. Additional article signed 16 Oct., 
1899, at Tokyo. Ratifications exchanged there 24 Sept., 1906. Effective from 
exchange of ratifications indefinitely, subject to termination on six months' 
notice from either party. (Art. XVIII.) 

TEXT: English and Spanish, Japan Tr. 1918:60-70; English, B. F. S. P. 
99 : 933-8 ; Spanish, Chile Tr. 4 : 378-90 and 6 : 695-708 ; Martens 87 : 127-32. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment (as defined) is reciprocally but 
conditionally pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) with re- 
gard to any favor, privilege, immunity, or exemption relating to 
commerce, navigation, and travel through or residence in the terri- 
tories and possessions of either country (Art. IV and addl. article), 
with special reference to : 

{a) All rights, privileges, exemptions, and immunities to be ac- 
corded by either country to diplomatic and consular officers of the 
other. (Art. II.) 

{h) Entrance with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, rivers, 
and straits in the territories and possessions of either country, in- 
cluding hiring and occupation of houses and warehouses, and exer- 
cise of wholesale or retail trade in all articles of lawful commerce. 
(Art. III.) *- ^^^ 

((?) Duties imp'oied by either country on importation of products 
of the other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, re- 
exportation, or transit. (Art. 5.) 

{d) Duties or charges imposed by either country on exportation 
of any article to the other. (Art. 5.) 



418 CHILE AND PERSIA. 

(e) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion or transit of products of the other, or against exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. 5.) 

(/) Everything relating to transit, warehousing, bounties, facili- 
ties, drawbacks, reexports, and transit duties. (Art. VI.) 

(g) All duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, harbor, 
pilotage, quarantine, salvage, or any similar or corresponding duties 
or charges whatsoever, no matter by whom or how levied, imposed in 
any of the ports, rivers, or straits of either country on vessels of the 
other. (Art. VII.) 

(A) All privileges, immunities, or exemptions relating to billeting 
of soldiers, compulsory military service hj land or sea, contributions 
of war, military exactions, or forced loans. (Art. XII.) 

II. National treatment of the subjects and citizens of either nation 
in the territories and possessions of the other is reciprocally pledged 
in regard to protection of persons and property ; also access to courts 
of justice and right of representation therein. (Art. XI.) 

III. Other provisions. — Citizens of either nation to enjoy in the 
territories and possessions of the other liberty of conscience and re- 
ligious worship, private or public, and the right of burial in accord- 
ance with their respective religions or national customs; subject to 
the laws and regulations of the country. (Art. XI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The most-favored-nation provisions noted above 
under I do not apply to : 

(a) Special favors, privileges, or immunities relating to commerce 
or navigation which Japan may grant to any independent Asiatic 
nation, or which Chile may grant to Latin-American Republics. 
(Addl. article.) 

(&) The coasting trade of both countries, which is regulated by 
their respective laws. (Art. VIII.) 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 225. 

Treaty of fHendship and commerce between Chile and Persia. 

SIGNED 30 Mar., 1903, at Washington. Ratifications exchanged there 5 Dec, 
1907. Effective from 5 Feb., 1908, for indefinite term, subject to termination on 
12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT: French (authentic), B. F. S. P. 100:827-8; Spanish, Chile Tr. 
6:111-17; Martens 87:144-6; French and Persian, Persia Tr. 1908:187-91. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 

to exceptions noted below) with reference to the following matters : 

(a) All rights, privileges, favors, immunities, and exemptions ac- 
corded to diplomatic and consular officers. (Art. II.) 

(h) All rights, liberties, favors, and immunities regarding treat- 
ment of persons or property. (Art. III.) 



CHILE AND SWITZERLAND. 419 

(c) Duties levied by either country on importation, consumption, 
warehousing, reexportation, or transit of products of the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

(d) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against imports or 
exports of any merchandise to or from the other, except for special 
sanitary reasons or to prevent propagation of epizootic diseases or 
destruction of crops, and measures connected with war. (Art. IV.) 

II. Exceptions.— Most- favored-nation provisions noted under I 
€-d do not apply to special favors, exemptions, or privileges which 
Chile may accord to other Latin- American countries in return for 
more or less equivalent concessions. (Art^^Tt^i f^: liJiv; 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 226. 

Treaty of commerce hetween Chile and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 31 Oct., 1897, at Buenos Aires. Efeective from 31 Jan., 1899, for an 
indefinite term, subject to termination on 12 months' notice from eitlier party. 
.{Art. IIL) 

TEXT: Spanish, Chile Tr. 4:391-4; French and German (trans!.), Martens 
78: 585-7; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 89: 582-3. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged reciprocally and with- 
out restriction with regard to any favor, privilege, or immunity 
which either country may accord to the citizens or products of any 
other nation (Art. I), except special favors, exemptions, or immuni- 
ties which Chile may accord to the products of other Latin -American 
States (Art. II). 

54083—22 ^28 



f ' Jt^-'l 3 >-.< 



ab^idi/a air bxiii 1 i^rnsd 



CHINA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to British Empire. 

Treaties of China with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under — 
America, United States of, Nos. 8 to 11. 
Austria, No. 63. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 67. 
Belgium, No. 95. 

Brazil, No. 136. r p7" 

Great Britain (under British Empire), Nos.lls 'to 146. 

Treaty with Congo. 
No. 227. 

Treaty between China and the Congo EresStai^ im)nf erring mutual 
most-favored-nation treatment. : Yiti mm vitiino') -fMifrrj 

SIGNED 10 July, 1898, at Peking. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT: English (transl.), B. F. S, P. 90:956; Hertslet's China Tr. 1:240-1. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is granted by China to*' the Congo 
Free State regarding all privileges of person, property, and juris- 
diction enjoyed by foreign nations under the treaties concluded by 
China. (Art. I.) 

Right of Chinese subjects to travel or reside anywhere in the 
Congo Free State and to buy, sell, own, or dispose of any kind of 
property, movable or immovable, receiving most-favored-nation 
treatment in all matters concerning trade, navigation, and industry. 
(Art. II.) 

Treaty with Denmark. 

No. 228. 

Treaty of friendshif^ commerce^ and navigation between China and 
Denmark. 

SIGNED 13 July, 1863, at Tientsin. No time limit stated, but the tariff 
and commercial articles annexed to the ti*eaty are subject to revision every 10 
years on 6 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXVI.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 61:171-91; Hertslet's China 
Tr. 1:249-58; Danske Tr. (1800-63): 310-39. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China to the 
Danish Government and its subjects respecting free and equal par- 
420 



CHIXA AXD DEXMAEK. 421 

ticipation in all privileges, immunities, and advantages which China 
may grant to the Government or subjects of any other nation (Art. 
LIV), with special reference to privileges and immunities accorded 
to consuls (Art. VII) and payment of import and export duties 
(Art. XXIII). 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Full protection in either country for persons and property of 
subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Eight of either country to appoint a diplomatic representative 
to the other. (Art. II.) 

(c) Eesidence and privileges of Danish and Chinese ambassadors 
or other diplomatic agents. (Arts. Ill- VI.) 

(d) Eight of Denmark to appoint consuls at open ports or cities. 
(Art. VII.) 

(e) Protection of Danish subjects in China professing or teaching 
the Christian religion. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Eight of Danish subjects to travel in all parts of the interior 
of China under passports issued by their consuls and countersigned 
by the local authorities. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Opening of specified ports to Danish trade, including right 
to build or rent houses, lease lands, and to build churches, hospitals, 
and cemeteries. (Arts. XI, XII.) 

(A) Eight of Danish subjects to employ Chinese in any lawful 
capacity (Art. XIII), and to hire boats for transport of goods or 
passengers, without interference from the Chinese Government (Art. 
XIV). 

(i) Jurisdiction of all questions respecting rights of persons or 
property arising between Danish subjects in China is vested in Dan- 
ish authorities exclusively. Disputes between Danes and other for- 
eigners to be regulated by treaties between Denmark and such powers, 
without any intervention of Chinese authorities. (Art. XV.) 
Crimes committed by subjects of either nation against subjects of 
the other to be punished by authorities of the defendant's nation. 
(Art. XVI.) Consular intervention in disputes between Chinese 
and Danish subjects. (Art. XVII.) 

(j) Protection by Chinese authorities of persons and property of 
Danish subjects from insult and violence (Art. XVIII), and of 
Danish vessels from pirates (Art. XIX). 

(Jc) Assistance to be given Danish vessels wrecked or stranded on 
coasts of China or seeking refuge in Chinese ports. (Art. XX.) 

(Z) Cooperation of Danish consul with Chinese authorities for ar- 
rest of Chinese offenders taking refuge in houses or on vessels of 
Danish subjects. (Art. XXI,) 

(m) Danish and Chinese fraudulent debtors to be brought to jus- 
tice by their respective authorities. (Art. XXII.) 



422 CHINA AND FRANCE. 

{n) Danish merchants importing or exporting merchandise to or 
from Chinese ports to pay duties specified in the tariff annexed to 
this treaty. (Art. XX Y.) 

{o) Danish vessels trading with ports not open by treaty are liable 
to confiscation by the Chinese Government, together with their 
cargoes. (Art. XLVII.) 

{p) Detailed provisions relating to transit dues (Art. XXVII) ; 
tonnage dues (Arts XXVIII-XXX) ; erection of beacons, buoys, or 
lightships (Art. XXXI) ; standard weights and measures (Art. 
XXXIII) ; pilotage (Art. XXXIV) ; customs guards (Art. 
XXXV) ; ships' papers, bills of lading, etc. (Art. XXXVI) ; permit 
for discharge of goods for landing or shipping cargoes, and for trans- 
shipment (Arts. XXXVII-XXXIX) ; port clearance (Art. XL) ; 
mode of collecting duties (Arts. XLI-XLIII) ; coastwise trade 
(Art. XLIV) ; reexportation of merchandise and drawbacks relating 
thereto (Art. XLV) ; prevention of smuggling (Arts. XL VI, 
XL VIII) ; and suppression of piracy (Art. LIII). 

Treaties with France. 

No. 229. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation tetween China and 
France. 

SIGNED 27 June, 1858, at Tientsin. Duration indefinite. After 27 Oct., 
1872, negotiations may be opened by France for revision of the treaty (Art. 
XL) ; and the (new) tariff of import and export duties annexed to the treaty 
is subject to revision every seven years (Art. XXVII and separate article). 

TEXT: French (authentic), France Tr. I: 574-88; Clercq 7: 41B-29 ; Hert- 
slet's China Tr. 1:269-86; B. F. S-. P. 51:636-68; Martens^ 46 (pt. 1) : 2^3. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to French subjects in 
general terms with regard to all rights, privileges, immunities, and 
guaranties which China may accord to other powers. (Art. XL.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged as follows : 

(<^) Diplomatic agents of either country to enjoy at the place of 
their residence in the other all privileges and immunities accorded 
to them by the law of nations ; France pledging most- favored- nation 
treatment to diplomatic agents of China in regard to all honors and 
prerogatives enjoyed by such agents in France. (Art. II,) . 

( & ) An}^ changes introduced by common consent, in favor of any 
other country having treaties with China regarding ameliorations 
to be made in the existing tariff, or in customs duties and dues for 
tonnage, importation, transit, or exportation, shall be immediately 
applicable to the commerce and merchants of France. (Art. IX.) 

(c) French merchants and citizens are assured most- favored-na- 
tion treatment in all parts of China with regard to the tariff, and any 
stipulations which China may agree to by treaty. (Art. XXVII.) 



CHINA AND FRANCE. 423 

II. National treatment is assured to French subjects in China with 
reference to travel and right to follow their occupation in the imme- 
diate vicinity of Chinese ports open to foreign commerce. (Art. 
VIII.) 

III. Other provisions. — Elaborate and extensive provisions re- 
garding rights and privileges of French merchants and citizens in 
China relate to : 

(a) Eight of France to appoint consuls at places named. (Art. V.) 
(h) Opening of specified Chinese ports and places to foreign com- 
merce. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Right of French subjects to reside, travel, and exercise com- 
merce and industry in the ports and places named. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Passports required for travel through interior towns. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(e) Right of French subjects at open ports to rent and build 
houses and warehouses, cultivate lands, and establish churches, hos- 
pitals, schools, and cemeteries (Art. X) ; and to employ Chinese sub- 
jects for purposes named (Art. XI). 

(/) Inviolability of property of all kinds belonging to French sub- 
jects in China. French vessels are exempt from embargo and from 
requisitions for an}^ public or private service. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Religious freedom to Christians of all communions and pro- 
tection of Christian missionaries entering the interior of China when 
furnished with proper passports. (Art. XIII.) 

(A) No privileged commercial association to be permitted in 
China, nor any coalition organized for the purpose of commercial 
monopoly. (Art. XIV.) 

(^) Import and export duties levied in China on French commerce 
to be as specified in the tariff annexed to the treaty ; this tariif being 
subject to revision every seven years. (Art. XXVII.) 

(j) In case China is at war, French commerce with China, or with 
the enemy country, shall not be interrupted, except by effective block- 
ade. (Art. XXXL) 

{7c) Jurisdiction of French authorities in questions affecting their 
nationals. (Arts. XXXV, XXXVIII-XXXIX.) 

(Z) Protection of persons and property of French citizens., in 
China. (Art. XXXVI.) >ipf^O'm •f'^fftO .TJ 

(m) Detailed provisions relating to official communications and 
correspondence of French diplomatic and consular agents with Chi- 
nese authorities (Arts. Ill, IV) ; pilotage (Arts. XV-XVI) ; ship's 
papers and bills of lading (Art. XVII) ; permits required (under 
penalties stated) for discharging, loading, or transshipment of cargo 
(Arts. XIX, XX, XXV) ; mode of levying duty in Chinese ports 
(Arts. XIX-XXIV, XXVI) ; tonnage dues (Arts. XX-XXII) ; 
drawbacks on reexportation of duty-paid goods (Art. XXIV) ; 



424 CHINA AND FRANCE. 

smuggling (Art. XXVIII) ; French warships in Chinese waters 
(Arts. XXIX, XXX) ; piracy (Art. XXXIV) ; and treatment of 
debtors of either nationality in China (Art. XXXVII j. 

(n) Tariff of Chinese import and export duties, and very extensive 
commercial regulations for the conduct of French navigation and 
commerce in China. (Annex.) 



No. 230. 

Corrmhercial convention 'between China and France, 

SIGNED 25 Apr., 1886, at Tientsin. Ratifications exchanged 7 Aug., 1896, 
at Peking. Duration indefinite. Subject to revision after 7 Aug.. 1906. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. 1 : 600-8 ; Clercq 17 : 164-82 ; Hertslet's China Tr, 
1 : 301-11 ; B. F. S. P. 85 : 735-44 ; Martens 72 : 34-41. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged in respect to: 

{a) Rights and privileges of French consuls to be appointed in 
China at places named. (Art. I.) 

{h) Rights and privileges and treatment of Chinese consuls to be 
appointed in Tonkin at places named. (Art. II.) 

{c) Right of Chinese subjects t-o possess lands, erect buildings, 
maintain warehouses, and establish commercial undertakings in any 
part of Annam, with the same protection and security for their per- 
sons, families, and properties as subjects of the most-favored Euro- 
pean nation, the same privileged treatment being accorded to French 
subjects in China. (Art. IV.) 

{d) All privileges and immunities of whatever kind are assured 
to France, including all commercial advantages which China may ac- 
cord by treaties or conventions designed to regulate political or com- 
mercial relations with countries lying to the south or southwest of 
the Chinese Empire (Addl. conv., 26 June, 1887,^^ Art. VII), with 
special reference to tariff schedules relating to overland commerce 
across the southwest frontier of China (Art. VII). 

{e) Treatment of Chinese subjects residing in Annam with refer- 
ence to jurisdiction in criminal, fiscal, and other matters. (Art. 
XVI.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Establishment of French subjects and of Annamites at places 
open to commerce on the frontier of China under conditions stated 
in specified articles of the treaty of 27 June, 1858.^° (Art. III.) 

{h) Merchandise imported by French subjects into localities open 
to commerce on the Chinese frontier may after paying import duties 

«> French, France Tr. 1 : 609-12 ; Hertslet's China Tr. 1 : 311-14 ; B. F. S. P. 85 : 
744-6 ; Martens 72 : 60-2. 

«o See No. 229. 



CHIITA AWD (^EEMANY. 425 

be transported to the interior markets of China under conditions 
fixed by specified commercial regulations of the treaty of 27 June, 
1858.^0 (Art. VI.) 

(c) Statement of duties payable on foreign merchandise imported 
into China through open towns, and of duties payable by Chinese 
merchandise exported to Tonkin. (Addl. conv., Art. III.) 

(d) Elaborate and detailed provisions concerning overland com- 
merce between China, Tonkin, and Aftnam. (Arts. VII-XIII.) '-' 

(e) Provisions concerning suppression of opium traffic (Art7^ 
XIV, import and export prohibitions of specified articles (Art. 
X'V'),'and extradition of criminals (Art. XVII). 

Treaty with Germany. 
No. 231. 

Agreement 'between China and Gerniany to restore relations of 
friendship and commerce. 

SIGNED 20 May, 1921, at Peking. Ratifications exchanged there 1 July, 
1921. Effective from 1 July, 1921, for indefinite term. (Art. 7.) 
TEXT: English (transl.). Cur. Hist. XIV : 1042-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
regard to : 

{a) Right of either country to appoint consular officers in the 
other, and the treatment to be accorded to them in either country. 
(Art. 2.) 

{h) Right of nationals of either country to travel, settle, and carry 
on commerce or industry in the other, in accordance with the laws 
and ordinances of the country. (Art. 3.) 

{c) All duties or charges (including internal charges), and all 
prohibitions or restrictions which Germany may impose on importa- 
tion of products of China, from whatever place arriving, as provided 
by Article 264 of the treaty of Versailles of 28 June, 1919.^^ (Supp. 
note.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) Taxes, imposts, or levies payable by citizens of either country 

in the other. (Art. 3.) 

{!)) Tariffs payable by citizens of either country in the other on 
import, export, or transport of raw materials or manufactured goods 
of whatever origin. (Art. 4.) But this stipulation shall not prevent 
China from claiming most-favored-nation treatment in Germany 
under Article 264 of the treaty of Versailles ^^ (Supp. note) , as noted 
under I c above. 

III. Other provisions. 

80 See No. 229. 

91 See No, 314, lb. 



426 CHINA AND ITALY. 

(a) Germany engages to fulfill the obligations toward China 
which arise from Articles 128-34 of the treaty of Versailles of 
28 June, 1919. (Preliminary decl.) 

(Z>) Germany agrees to the abolition of consular jurisdiction in 
China. (Ibid.) 

(c) Diplomatic representatives which either country may send to. 
the other shall, on condition of reciprocity, enjoy the privileges and 
immunities in the ^country of their sojourn which are granted by 
international law. (Art. 1.) 

(d) Nationals of either country shall be subject in the other to the 
jurisdiction of the local courts as regards both their persons and 
their property, and must conform to the laws of the land of sojourn 
(Art. 3.) 

(e) Questions of customs to be determined by each country solely 
through internal legislation. (Art. 4.) 

(/) The terms of this agreement and Germanj^'s declaration of 
same date shall serve as a basis in negotiating the final treaty. 
(Art. 6.) 

(gf) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning compensation 
for damages ; Chinese property in Germany ; Chinese students in 
Germany; guarantees for the property of Chinese and Germans; 
legal guarantees; cases before the mixed courts; Chinese regulations 
concerning trade with the enemy; and regulation of Chinese- Germ an 
obligations. (German Supp. note and Chinese reply thereto.) 

Treaties with Great Britain. 
See Nos. 143 to 146. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 232. 

Treaty of friendship^ comTnerce^ and navigation hetween China and 
Italy. 

SIGNED 26 Oct., 1866, at Peking. Duration indefinite. The commercial 
articles of the treaty and the annexed tariffs are subject to revision every 10 
years on six months' notice from either party. (Art. XXVI.) 

TEXT : Italian, Italy Tr. 2 : 207^0 ; Hertslet's China Tr. 1 : 354-61 ; French, 
B. F. S. P. 61 : 144-59. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China in general 
terms to the Government and subjects of Italy as regards all privi* 
leges, immunities, and advantages which China may accord to the 
Government or subjects of any other nation. (Art. LIV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged with regard to : 

{a) Appointment of Italian consuls in China, and all immunities 
and privileges to be accorded to them. (Art. VII.) 

{h) Duties payable on merchandise imported into or exported 
from China by Italian subjects. (Art. XXIY.) 



CHUnTA and ITALY. 427 

II. other provisions. 

(a) Full protection in either country for persons and property of 
subjects of the other. (Arts. I and XVIII.) 

(h) Diplomatic agents of either country to enjoy in the other all 
privileges and immunities conceded to them by the law of nations. 
(Arts. II-VI.) 

(c) Provisions relating to residence and privileges of diplomatic 
agents in either country. (Arts. II- YI.) 

(d) Protection of Italian subjects professing or teaching the 
Christian religion in China, so long as they behave peaceably and 
observe the laws. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Italian subjects may travel throughout the interior of China 
in pursuit of their commercial interests, under passports issued by 
their consuls and endorsed by the local authorities. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Formalities concerning official business and correspondence 
between Italian and Chinese authorities. (Art. X.) 

(g) Specified ports are opened to Italian ships and commerce. 
Right of Italians to acquire lands and construct houses, churches, 
hospitals, and cemeteries in China. (Arts. XI, XII.) 

(h) Right of Italians to employ Chinese subjects in any lawful 
occupation. (Art. XIII.) 

(i) Provisions concerning freighting of boats and junks by Italian 
subjects for transport of merchandise and passengers in China. 
(Art. XIY.) 

(j) Jurisdiction of disputes between Italians in China concerning 
rights of persons or property is vested in Italian authorities exclu- 
sively. Disputes between Italians and other foreigners in China to 
be judged hy their respective authorities, without interference of 
the Chinese Government. (Art. XV.) ^^j ^^^ 

(k) Crimes committed by subjects of either country against sub- 
jects of the other to be punished by authorities of the defendant's 
nation. (Art. XVI.) 

(l) Consular intervention and joint jurisdiction of disputes between 
Chinese and Italian subjects in China. (Arts. XV and XVII.) 

(m) Extensive and detailed provisions relating to suppression of 
piracy (Arts. XIX and LIII) ; assistance to Italian vessels seeking 
refuge from damage or shipwreck in Chinese waters (Art. XX) ; 
freedom of Italian commerce in case China is at war (Art. XXI) ; ex- 
tradition of Chinese criminals and of Italian seamen deserters (Art. 
XXII) ; bringing fraudulent debtors to justice (Art. XXIII) ; pay- 
ment of transit dues in China (Art. XXVII) ; tonnage dues in Chi- 
nese waters (Arts. XXVIII-XXX) ; construction of lighthouses or 
signal stations and placing of buoys or lightships (Art. XXXI) ; 
Chinese standard weights and measures (Art. XXXIII) : pilotage 
(Art. XXXIV) ; customhouse guards (Art. XXXV) ; ships' papers, 



428 CHINA AND JAPAN. 

bills of lading, etc. (Art. XXXVI) ; permits for loading, discharg- 
ing, or transshipment of cargo in Chinese ports (Arts. XXXVII- 
XXXIX) ; port clearance (Art. XL) valuation of merchandise sub- 
ject to ad valorem duties (Art. XLI) ; ascertainment of net weights 
for customs purposes (Art. XLII) ; reexportation of duty-paid goods 
and drawbacks relating thereto (Arts. XLIV-XLV) ; suppression ox 
smuggling and fraud (Art. XL VI) ; confiscation of Italian vessels 
and their cargoes engaged in commerce at Chinese ports not opened 
b}^ treaty, or guilty of smuggling or unlawful trade on the coast 
(Arts. XLVII-XLVIII) ; and right of Italian warships to visit all 
Chinese ports (Art. LII). 

(7i) Extensive tariff schedules and commercial regulations annexed 
to the treaty specify duties to be levied in China on merchandise of 
any kind imported or exported by Italian subjects. (Art. XXIV.) 

Treaties with Japan. 
No. 233. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween China and Japan. 

SIGNED 21 .July, 1896, at Peking. Ratifications exchanged 20 Oct., 1896. 
Effective from 20 Oct., 1896, for indefinite term, the tariffs and commercial 
articles of the treaty being subject to revision at the end of every 10 years on 
demand from either party ; but unless such revision is effected within six 
months after the end of any 10-year period the treaty and tariffs continue in 
force unchanged for a further 10 years. (Art. XXVI.) This treaty confirms all 
privileges, immunities, and advantages conferred on the Japanese Government 
and its subjects by treaties then in force between the two countries. (Art. XXV). 

TEXT: English (authentic), Martens 84:419-25; B. F. S. P. 88:473-80;' 
Japan, Tr. 1918:80^. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing all prerogatives, privileges, and immunities accorded by inter- 
national law to diplomatic agents. (Art. II.) 

II. Most-favored-nation treatment is further stipulated with ref- 
erence to: 

{a) Treatment of Japanese consular officers in China respecting all 
attributes, authority, jurisdiction, privileges, and immunities ex- 
tended to similar officers of the nation most favored in these re- 
spects. (Art. III.) 

( h ) Appointment of Chinese consular officers in Japan who shall en- 
joy " all rights and privileges usually accorded such officers," except 
jurisdiction over Chinese subjects and property in Japan. (Art. III.) 

{c) Treatment of Japanese subjects and their families, employees, 
or servants respecting all privileges and immunities concerning 
travel, residence, and exercise of any trade, industry, manufacture, 
or other lawful avocation in all ports, cities, and towns of China 
open to foreign residence and trade, with particular reference to rent- 
ing or purchasing houses, renting or leasing land, and building 
churches, cemeteries, and hospitals. (Art. IV,) 



CHINA AND JAPAN. 429 

(d) Payment of import or export duties in China by Japanese 
subjects, with special reference to duties on any articles imported 
from or exported to Japan. (Art. IX.) 

{e) Tonnage dues levied in China on Japanese vessels and boats. 
(Art. Xy.) 

(/) Free and equal participation by the Japanese Government and 
its subjects in all privileges, immunities, and advantages granted by 
the Emperor of China to the government or subjects of any other 
nation. (Art. XXV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Protection in either country of persons and property of sub- 
jects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Jurisdiction over Chinese subjects and property in Japan is 
reserved to Japanese judicial courts. (Art. III.) 

(c) Jurisdiction over persons and property of Japanese subjects in 
China is reserved exclusively to Japanese authorities, who shall de- 
termine all cases without intervention of Chinese authorities. (Art. 
XX.) 

(d) All charges and complaints of a civil nature brought by au- 
thorities or subjects of either country in China against subjects of 
the other, or respecting property of the other, shall be heard and de- 
termined by authorities of the defendant's nation. (Art. XXI.) 

(e) Criminal charges brought in China against subjects of either 
countiy to be tried, and the criminals punished, by defendant's 
nation. (Art. XXII.) 

(/) Japanese vessels may touch at all open ports and ports of call 
in China for the purpose of landing and shipping passengers and 
merchandise in accordance with existing rules and regulations con- 
cerning foreign trade there. (Art. V.) 

(g) The tariff and tariff rules in force between China and the 
western powers apply to all articles upon importation into China 
by Japanese subjects, or from Japan; or upon exportation from 
China by Japanese subjects, or to Japan. (Art. IX.) 

(h) All articles duly imported into China by Japanese subjects 
or from Japan are exempt from all taxes, charges, or exactions of 
every description while being transported from one open port to 
another, whatever the nationality of the owner or possessor of the 
articles, or the nationality of the conveyance or vessel in which 
the transportation is made. (Art. X.) 

(^) Japanese subjects may convey imported articles (except opium) 
to inland markets of China free of all transit duties and inland 
charges whatsoever, after payment of a commutation transit tax 
equal to half the import duty on dutiable articles, or 2J per cent ad 
valorem on duty-free articles. (Art. XI.) 



430 CHINA AND JAPAN. 

(,;') All Chinese products permitted to be exported to foreign coun- 
tries and which are purchased by Japanese subjects at open ports of 
China are exempt from all internal taxes, charges, or exactions of 
every description, except only export duties upon exportation. (Art. 
XII.) 

(k) All articles purchased by Japanese subjects in any part of 
China shall be freed from all internal taxes and charges upon pay- 
ment of a commutation transit tax equal to half the export duty on 
dutiable articles, or 2^ per cent ad valorem on other articles; and 
may for purposes of export abroad be transported from open port to 
open port, subject to existing rules and regulations. (Art XII.) 

(l) Merchandise of foreign origin, on which full import duty has 
been paid, may at aiiy time within three years from date of importa- 
tion be reexported from China by Japanese subjects to any foreign 
country Avithout paying export duty; the reexporter being further 
entitled to receive draw-back certificates, immediately redeemable in 
ready monej^ by the Chinese customs authorities, at holder's option, 
for the amount of import duty paid, provided the merchandise re^ 
mains intact and unchanged in its original packages. (Art. XIII.) 

(m) The Chinese Government consents to the establishment of 
bonded warehouses at open ports of China. (Art. XIV.) 

(n) Detailed provision relating to payment of tonnage dues by 
Japanese vessels in Chinese ports. (Art. XV.) 

(o) Protection and assistance to each other's vessels seeking refuge 
from damage or shipwreck. (Art. XVII.) 

(p) Extensive provisions concerning travel and passports (Art. 
VI) ; hiring of Chinese, boats, porters, or coolies (Art. VIII) ; en- 
gaging Chinese pilots at open ports (Art. XVI) ; fraudulent debtors 
(Arts. XXIII-IV) ; smugglers (Art. XVIII) ; piracy (Art. XIX) ; 
and rules and regulations to give effect to this treaty (Art. XXVII). 



'Moi.c234. 



Supple?nentary treaty of commerce and na^vigation hetween China 
and Japan. 

SIGNED 8 OCT., 1903, at Shanghai. Effective for indefinite term. 
TEXT: English (authentic), Martens 81:483-93; Japan Tr. 1918:131-46. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China with ref- 
erence to : 

{a) Treatment of Japanese Government, officers, subjects, com- 
merce, navigation, shipping, industries, and property of all kinds, 
respecting free and full participation in all privileges, immunities, 
and advantages which China may grant to any other nation in these 
respects. (Art. IX.) 



CHINA AND JAPAN. 431 

(h) Japan's commerce, rights, and privileges in China, with refer- 
ence to any surtax levied by China in excess of the tariff rates, and 
with reference to arrangements made by China with all the Treaty 
Powers regarding the production tax, consumption tax, excise, and 
taxes on native opium and salt. (Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) The provisions of all treaties and engagements then subsisting 
between the two countries are confirmed, so far as not modified or re- 
pealed by this treaty. (Art. IX.) 

(h) Any Japanese steamer capable of navigating the inland water- 
ways of China may proceed for the purpose of trade from a treaty 
port to places inland, on complying with conditions stated. (Art. 

m.) 

(c) Provisions for reciprocal protection in either country of regis- 
tered trade-marks and copyrights belonging to subjects of the other. 
(Art. V.) 

(d) China agrees to establish a system of uniform national coin- 
age, to provide for a uniform national currency (Art. VI), and to 
promote adoption of uniform standards of weights and measures 
(Art. VII). 

(e) In view of China's desire to reform its judicial system, Japan 
agrees to relinquish its exterritorial rights when satisfied that the 
state of Chinese laws, the arrangements for their administration and 
other considerations warrant such action. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Provisions concerning formation of joint partnerships be- 
tween Chinese and Japanese subjects. (Art. IV.) 

(g) Additional rules for steam navigation of inland waters. (An- 
nex I.) 



No. 235. 



Treaty and supylenwntary agreement between China and Japan 7'e- 
gar ding Manchuria. .n^.i iv> ;»^,i_u- 

SIGNED 22 Dec, 1905. Effective ftoin ddte o^ -Signature. Duration in- 
defiuite. 

TEXT : English (official transl.), B. F. S. P. 98 : 740-5 ; MacMurray 1 : 549-53. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in all 
that relates to frontier tfade between Manchuria and Corea and in 
all matters dealt with in this treaty or supplementary agreement. 
(Supp. Agrt. attached. Arts. XI-XII.) 

II. Other provisions. i j^Y . ^ 
(a) China consents to all the transfers and assignments made by 

Russia to Japan by Articles V and VI of the treaty of peace of 
5 Sept., 1905.^2 (Art. I.) 



Hl'^nfYiq -Urui^ ]r\^' 



w French. B. F. S. P. 98 : 735-40. 



432 CHINA AND MEXICO. 

(h) China agrees that all materials required for the railways 
in South Manchuria shall be exempt from all duties, taxes, and 
likin. (Supp. agrt., Art. VIII.) 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning opening by China of specified 
cities and towns in Manchuria as places of international residence 
and trade (Ibid., Art. I), withdrawal of Japanese and Russian 
troops and railway guards in Manchuria (Ibid., Arts. II, III), 
restoration of Chinese public and private property in Manchuria by 
Japan (Ibid., Art. IV), maintenance and working of the military 
railway between Antung and Mukden and its sale to China after 
fifteen years (Ibid., Art. VI), and organization of a joint-stock 
company of forestry for exploitation of the forests on the right 
bank of the River Yalu (Ibid., Art. X). 

Treaty with Mexico. 

No. 236^. 

Treaty of fHep^^f^p,,Cl9m^(lezce^,a(rh^ 7\avig(^tiorb 'betweeiy China and 
Mexico. ,^,^^w,.,, '^^'^i^^^^^ 

SIGNED 14 Dec, 1899, at Washington. Effective from 19 June, 1900, for 10 
years, and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from eitlier party. 
(Art. XIX.) 

TEXT : English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 92 : 1057-62 ; Spanish, Mexico Tr. Vig. 
1 : 165-75. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged to sub- 
jects of either countrj^ in the other respecting all rights and advan- 
tages granted to subjects of any other nation. (Art. I.) . 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All prerogatives, exemptions, immunities, and privileges ac- 
corded to diplomatic agents in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Functions, immunities, and privileges granted to consular 
officers in either country. (Art. III.) 

{c) Right of subjects of either country to travel and exercise 
commerce in the other, and all advantages relating thereto, subject 
to any special conditions applying to all other nationals. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Application to citizens and merchant vessels of either coun- 
try of legal provisions regulating commerce at ports of the other 
open to foreign commerce. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Import duties imposed by either country on products of the 
other. The same principle to be observed in regard to exportation. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(/') Any prohibitions or restrictions which either country may 
impose against the other regarding importation or exportation, ex- 
cept sanitary measures, or to prevent propagation of epizootic dis- 
eases or loss of crops, and measures connected with war. (Art. VIII.) 



CHINA AND MEXICO. 433 

(g) Admission of warships of either country into ports of the 
other where foreign warships may enter, and treatment to be ac- 
corded to them. (Art. IX.) 

(A) Right of merchant vessels of either country to frequent ports 
of the other open to foreign commerce, including (on condition of 
reciprocity) any concessions or favors which either country may 
grant in respect of its coasting trade. (Art. XI.) 

(^) All duties, charges, or fees of any kind, local or federal, im- 
posed in territories or ports (as defined) of either countrj^ on vessels 
vof the other, with special reference to dues for tonnage, lighthouse, 
port, pilotage, quarantine, salvage, and assistance in case of damage 
or shipwreck. (Art. XI.) 

(j) Treatment of vessels of either country seeking shelter in ports 
J of the other from damage or shipwreck. (Art. XI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Chinese subjects in Mexico with regard to all rights and 
concessions concerning access to judicial tribunals for defense of their 
legitimate rights. (Art. XVII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged to subjects of either 
country in the other respecting all military charges, forced loans, 
requisitions, and contributions imposed on real property. (Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to reside in the other, with 
complete protection in their persons, family, and property. (Art. I.) 

(h) Provisions concerning travel and passports in China, and 
right of Chinese subjects to travel freely through all the territory of 
-Mexico. (Art. IV.) 

^ (c) Emigration of subjects of either country to be free and 
voluntary. (Art. V. ) >bnw >e I'lodioX 

(d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other ftom all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, and from all contribu- 
tions imposed as compensation therefor; also from forced loans, and 
from charges, requisitions, and war contributions, unless imposed on 
real property. (Art. X.) 

(e) Vessels, cargoes, merchandise, and effects of subjects of either 
country are exempt in the other from detention for military expedi- 
tions or any other public purposes, without full compensation 
previously made. (Art. X.) 

(/) Limit of territorial waters of either country (for enforcement 
of customs regulations and prevention of smuggling) to be three sea 
leagues from the line of low tide. (Art. XI.) 

(g) Detailed provisions concerning treatment of subjects of either 
country in the other with regard to administration of justice. (Arts. 
'')d:li'i ^o .'/loiJob t/r{jii(l 

iij, uj ill 



434 CHINA AND NETHERLANDS. 

XIII-XVI.) Mexico to have an equal share in any agreement which 
China may make with foreign Powers to establish a code concerning 
jurisdiction over foreign subjects in China. (Art. XV.) 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 

No. 237. 

Treaty of fHendship and commerce hetioeen China and the Nether- 
lands. 

SIGNED 6 Oct., 1863. Duration indefinite, but the Netherland Government 
is given the right to participate in negotiations for future revision of the 
tariff of commercial treaties in China pursuant to Chinese trtaties with other 
powers. ( Separate article. ) 

TEXT: Dutch, Lagemans 5:246a-7!.; English (transl.). Hertslet's China Tr. 
1 : 407-14 ; B. F. S. P. 00 : 766-73. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to the Netherland 
Government and its subjects regarding full participation in all rights, 
privileges, and franchises not included in this treaty, but which 
China has granted or may grant thereafter to other foreign nations 
(Art. XV), with special reference to duties on importation, expor- 
tation, and transit of goods. (Art. X.) ;^ffit,Be 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Right of Netherlands to appoint diplomatic and consular offi- 
cers in Chinese ports opened to Netherland trade by this treaty. 
(Art. I.) 

(h) Commercial rights of Netherland subjects at specified seaports 
and river ports in China, including right of residence, hiring and 
leasing of lands or houses, and building of dwellings, warehouses, 
churches, hospitals, etc., except at places occupied by rebels or rob- 
bers, which must not be supplied with ammunition or provisions by 
Netherland ships, under penalty of confiscation of ship and cargo. 
(Art. II.) 

- {c) Right of Netherland subjects to travel in the interior of China, 
subject to existing regulations relating thereto, but without establish- 
ing commercial houses or shops. (Art. III.) 

{d) Protection of Christian missionaries from the Netherlands and 
of native Christians in the interior of China, so long as they behave 
peaceably and observe the laws. (Art. IV.) 

{e) Right of Netherland subjects to employ Chinese for any lawful 
purpose, and to hire boats for conveyance of persons and goods 
without intervention of Chinese authorities. (Art. V.) 

(/) Disputes between Netherland subj-ects in China to be settled by 
local consuls without intervention of Chinese Government. Disputes 
between Chinese and Netherland subjects to be settl'ed by authorities 
of both countries jointly, offenses being punished by defendant's 
nation. Criminal subjects and fraudulent debtors of either country 
to be brought to justice by their respective authorities. (Art. VI.) 



CHINA AND NORWAY. 435 

(g) Protection by Chinese authorities of Nether land subjects and 
their property, with special reference to vessels seeking refuge from 
plunder, damage, or shipwreck in Chinese waters. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Detailed provisions relating to tonnage duties in Chinese 
ports (Art. VIII) : ship's papers, bills of lading, and port clearance 
(Art. IX) ; permits required (under penalties stated) for discharg- 
ing, loading, or transshipment of cargo (Arts. IX, X) ; reexportation 
of duty-paid goods (Art. X) ; mode of levying duty in Chinese ports 
(Art. XI) ; confiscation of Netherland ships and their cargo'es trad- 
ing at Chinese ports not opened by this treaty; and confiscation of 
goods in case of smuggling (Art. XII) ; right of Netherland war- 
ships to visit any Chinese port. (Art. XIII, ) 

Treaty with Norway. 

No. 238. 

Treaty of peace, amity, and commerce hetiveen China o.nd Sweden^'"^ 
and Norway. 

SIGNED 20 Mar., 1847, at Canton. Duration indefinite, subject to modifica- 
tion at the expiration of 12 years. (Art. XXXIV.) 

TEXT : English, Hertslet's China Tr. 1 : 527-39 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 
103-13. 

L Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China to subjects 
of Sweden and Norway respecting complete, equal, and impartial 
participation in any advantages or privileges of whatever description 
which China may concede to any other nation, with special reference 
to payment of import and export duties. (Art. II.) 

XL Other provisions. 

{a) Specified Chinese ports opened to subjects and commerce of 
Sweden and Xorway. Vessels trading with other ports, or trading 
fraudulently along Chinese coasts, are subject to confiscation, to- 
gether with their cargoes. (Art. III.) 

{h) Right of Sweden and Norway to appoint consuls at Chinese 
ports. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Subjects of Sweden and Norway may import into or export 
from China, and may buy or sell therein, all kinds of merchandise of 
which importation or exportation is not prohibited by this treaty, 
paying only the duties specified in the tariff annexed. (Art. V.) 

{d) Abolition of exclusive trade with Hong merchants and of 
other monopolies or injurious restrictions. (Art. XV.) 

{e) The Government of either country not responsible for debts 
of its subjects. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Right of subjects of Sweden and Norway to hire or build 
houses and places of business; also hospitals, churches, and ceme- 
teries. (Art. XVII.) 

»3 Modified as regards Sweden,, by treaty of 2 July, 1908, see No. 242, II f. 
54083—22—29 



436 CHINA AND PERU. 

(g) Protection by Chinese authorities of persons and property of 
subjects of Sweden and Norwa}^ (Art. XIX.) 

(h) Crimes committed by subjects of either country against sub- 
jects of the other to be punished by authorities of the defendant's na- 
tion. (Art. XXI.) 

(^) In case China is at war Avith any other nation, vessels of 
Sweden and Norwa}^ may continue their commerce between ports of 
the belligerent parties, subject to conditions stated. (Art. XXII.) 

(j) Consuls of Sweden and Norway to send yearly reports to 
Chinese authorities on Swedish and Norwegian shipping and import 
and export trade with Chinese ports. (Art. XXIII. 

(k) Friendly treatment of Swedish and Norwegian vessels wrecked 
or stranded on the coast of China or seeking refuge in Chinese ports. 
(Art. XXVII.) 

(l) Subjects of Sweden and Norway, their vessels, and property 
are exempt from embargo and from forcible detention for public 
service. (Art. XXVIII.) 

(m) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning deposit of ships' 
papers and payment of tonnage dues (Arts. VI, VII, X, XIII) ; 
employment of pilots in Chinese waters and of Chinese subjects (Art, 
VIII) ; customs administration (Arts. IX-XIV) ; Chinese standard 
weights and measures (Art. XII) ; payment of tonnage, import, and 
export duties, and port clearances (Art. XIII) ; permits required for 
transshipments (Art. XIV) ; limitations on travel in China (Art. 
XVII) ; employment of Chinese scholars and purchase of book& 
(Art. XVIII) ; procedure for reexportation (Art. XX) ; communi- 
cations between Chinese authorities and Swedeish and Norwegian 
officials in China (Art. XXIV, XXX-XXXII) ; consular jurisdic- 
tion in China (Arts. XXV- VI, XXIX) ; extradition of mutineers or 
deserters (Art. XXIX) ; clandestine trade with Chinese ports not 
open to foreign commerce and trade in opium and other contraband 
articles (Art. XXXIII). 

Treaty with Peru. 

No. 239. 

Treaty of friendship^ coiiwierce^ and navigation 'between China and 
Perm. 

SIGNED 26 June, 1874, at Tientsin. Effective from 7 Aug., 1875, for indefi- 
nite term, subject to revision every 10 years on six months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XVIII, as interpreted by protocol of 17 Aug., 1909, confirming this 
treaty. English, B. F. S. P. 102: 752-3.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 66:1125-30; Hertslet's China Tr. 
1:415-22; Martens 72:5-11; Spanish, Peru Bol. Rel. Ext. 33 : 101-3 ; French 
( transl. ) , Martens 53 : 497-502. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting full and equal participation in all rights, privi- 



CHINA AND PEKU. 487 

Jeges, immimities. advantages, and jurisdiction accorded by either 
country to the government, public officers, citizens, or subjects of any 
other nation. (Art. XVI.) 

Most-.favored-nation treatment is further reciprocal!}^ pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Appointment of consular officers, and all rights, privileges, 
and immunities accorded to them by either country. (Art. IV.) 

(h) All rights and priA^leges of merchant vessels in ports of either 
country open to foreign commerce. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) All duties imposed in ports of either country on goods im- 
ported or exported by subjects of the other. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Facilities for provisioning, coaling, repairing, etc., accorded 
to vessels of war in ports of either country. (Art. X.) 

(e) Treatment of Chinese vessels wrecked or seeking refuge on 
the coast of Peru. (Art. XI.) 

II. National or most-favoied-nation treatment (optional) is as- 
sured to Chinese subjects in Peru respecting all rights and privileges 
concerning free and open access to courts of justice. (Art. XV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Diplomatic agents of either country to enjoy in the other all 
privileges and immunities accorded to them by international usages. 
(Art. III.) 

(h) Detailed provision concerning passports required by Peru- 
vians for travel in China, and right of Chinese to travel freely in 
Peru. (Art. V.) 

(c) Assistance to each other's vessels, their creAvs and cargoes, in 
case of damage or shipwreck, the salvaged merchandise being free 
of all duties in either country unless cleared for consumption. (Art. 
XI.) 

(d) Peruvian consuls and Chinese officers to cooperate in settling 
complaints of subjects of either country against subjects of the other 
in China. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Crimes committed in China by subjects of either country 
against subjects of the other to be punished by authorities of the 
defendant's nation in accordance with its laAvs. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) All questions regarding rights of property or persons arising 
between Peruvian citizens in China are subject to jurisdiction of 
Peruvian authorities; but Chinese authorities may interfere in all 
cases when Chinese subjects are concerned in the matter. (Art. 
XIV.) 

(g) Right of citizens of either country to enter the other for 
travel, trade, labor, or as permanent residents (subject to restrictions 
noted beloM^ under IV) ; but both countries undertake to discourage 
and suppress emigration from either, except by voluntary consent of 



438 CHINA AND PORTUGAL. 

the emigrants, and to punish severely, in accordance with their re- 
spective laws, any violations of this stipulation. (Art. VI.) 

(A) For the better understanding and more efficient protection of 
Chinese subjects in Peru official interpreters of the Chinese l^^nguage 
are to be appointed by Peru at the large centers of Chinese immigra- 
tion. (Art. VII.) 

IV. Note. — Immigration of Chinese into Peru is regulated by the 
protocol of 28 Aug., 1909 (iSpanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 87; 
Martens 90: 578-90; English (transL), B. F. S. P. 102: 394-6). 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 240. 

Treaty of friendship and coinnierce hetweeyi China, amd Portugal. 

SIGNED 1 Dec. 1887, at Peking. No time limit stated; but the tariff and 
commercial articles annexed to the treaty are subject to revision every 10 
years on six months' notice from either party. (Art. XLVI.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 78:521-33; Hertslet's China Tr. 
1 : 423-33 ; Martens 68 : 787-98. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by China to Portugal 
with regard to : 

(a) Appointment of Portuguese consular officers in China, and all 
exemptions, privileges, and immunities accorded to consular func- 
tionaries in China. (Art. IX.) 

(&) All immunities and privileges, and all advantages concerning 
commerce and navigation (such as any reduction in duties of naviga- 
tion, importation, exportation, transit, or any other) which China 
may grant to any other State or its subjects, will be immediately ex- 
tended to Portugal and its subjects. But if any concession is granted 
by China to any foreign Government under special conditions, Por- 
tugal must fulfil the conditions before claiming the concession in 
question. (Art, X.) 

((?) Kight of Portuguese subjects to reside and trade at ports of 
China open to foreign commerce, and to navigate their boats be- 
tween said ports; and all rights and privileges concerning imports 
and exports of merchandise. (Art. XI.) 

{d) Duties paj^able by Portuguese subjects in China on imports 
and exports of merchandise. (Art. XIT.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Protection of subjects of either country in the other as re- 
gards their persons and property. (Arts. I and XV.) 

(&) Confirmation of specified earlier stipulations providing for 
perpetual Portuguese occupation and government of Macao, Portu- 
gal engaging never to alienate Macao without previous agreement 
with China. (Arts. II, III.) 



CHINA AND SPAIN. 43& 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning appointment of diplomatic and 
consular agents, and their rights, privileges, and functions in either 
country. (Arts. V-IX.) 

(cl) Eight of Portugese subjects to hire Chinese boats for con- 
veyance of cargoes or passengers, and to employ Chinese in any law- 
ful capacity at open ports. (Arts. XIII, XIV.) 

(e) Right of Portuguese to build houses, churches, hospitals, and 
cemeteries at treaty ports or other places ; also shops and warehouses 
at ports open to trade. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to passports (Art. 
XVII) ; piracy (Art. XVIII) ; shipwrecks (Art. XIX) ; tonnage 
and other duties (Arts. XX-XXIV) ; pilotage (Art. XXV) ; cus- 
tomhouse guards (Art. XXVI) ; ships' papers, manifests, etc. (Art. 
XXVII) ; permits for landing, shipping, or transshipment of cargo 
(Arts. XXVII-XXX) ; mode of levying duties on goods (Arts. 
XXXII-XXXIV) ; reexportation of duty-paid goods, and draw- 
backs relating thereto (Art. XXXV) ; smuggling (Arts. XXXVI 
and XLIV) ; construction of lighthouses, buoys, or lightships (Art. 
XXXIX) ; and standards of weights and measures (Art. XLI). 

(g) Portliguese vessels trading with ports not open to commerce 
are liable to confiscation, together with their cargoes. (Art. XLII.) 

(A) Criminals of either country to be brought to justice by their 
respective authorities (Art. XLV) ; and likewise fraudulent or ab- 
sconding debtors (Art. XLIX). 

(i) Portuguese jurisdiction of disputes arising between Portuguese 
in China respecting rights of property or person. (Art. XL VII.) 

(j) Crimes committed by subjects of either country against sub- 
jects of the other to be punished by authorities of the defendant's 
nation. (Art. XL VIII.) 

(k) Consular intervention in disputes between Chinese and Portu- 
guese subjects. (Arts. L, LI.) 

(l) Protection of Portuguese subjects in China teaching or pro- 
fessing the Catholic religion. (Art. LII.) 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 241. 

Treaty of amity ^ commerce^ and na<vigation hetween China atid Spain. 

SIGNED 10 Oct., 1864, at Tientsin. No time limit stated ; but the tariff and 
commercial articles annexed to tlie treaty may be revised every 10 years, on 
six months' notice from either party. (Art. XXIII.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Spain Tr. 4:404-15: English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 
60 : 474-84. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged in general terms to 
the Government and subjects of Spain regarding all advantages and 
immunities which China may concede to any other nation. (Art. L.) 



440 CHIITA AND SPAIN. 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged with regard to : 

(a) Duties payable by Spanish subjects on all goods exported 
from or imported into China. (Art. XXI.) 

(h) Privileges to be granted to Spanish consular officers in China. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) Treatment of Chinese merchant vessels trading with the Phil- 
ippine Islands. (Art. XLVII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Full protection in either country for persons and property of 
subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Diplomatic agents of either country to enjoy in the other all 
privileges and immunities conceded to them bv the law of nations. 
(Art. II.) 

(c) Specified privileges accorded by either country to ambassa- 
dors from the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) Right of Spain to appoint consuls at open ports or cities of 
China. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Opening of specified ports to Spanish trade, with right to hire 
lands and to build houses, hospitals, churches, and cemeteries (Art. 
V) ; also storehouses at ports open to commerce (Art. VIII). 

(/) Protection of Spanish subjects in China teaching or professing 
the Christian religion. (Art. VI.) 

(g) Right of Spanish subjects to travel in the interior of China 
under passports issued by their consuls and countersigned by the 
local authorities. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Right of subjects of either country to employ subjects of the 
other in any legitimate occupation. (Art. IX.) 

(^) Right of Spanish subjects to freight vessels for cargo and 
passengers. (Art. XI.) 

(j) Jurisdiction of disputes regarding rights of persons or prop- 
erty arising between Spanish subjects in China is vested in Spanish 
authorities exclusively. Disputes between Spaniards, or between 
Spaniards and other foreigners, to be heard and determined without 
any intervention of Chinese authorities. (Art. XII.) Crimes com- 
mitted by subjects of either nation against subjects of the other to be 
punished by authorities of the defendant's nation. (Art. XIII.) 
Consular intervention in disputes between Chinese and Spanish sub- 
jects. (Art. XIV.) 

(k) Protection by Chinese authorities of persons and property of 
Spanish subjects from insult or damage. (Art. XV.) 

(Z) Criminals of either nation to be brought to justice by their 
respective authorities (Art. XVIII) ; and likewise fraudulent debt- 
ors (Art. XIX). 



CHIN^A AND SWEDEN. 441 

(m) Extensive provisions relating to piracy (Art. XVI) ; ship- 
wrecks (Art. XVII) ; tonnage duties (Arts. XX and XXV- 
XXVII) ; transit dues (Art. XXIV) ; placing of lights, buoys, or 
lightships (Art. XXVIII) ; pilotage (Art. XXXI) ; customhouse 
guards (Art. XXXII) ; ships' papers, bills of lading, etc. (Art. 
XXXIII) ; permits for unloading or transshipment of cargo (Arts. 
XXXIV-XXXVI) ; port clearances (Art. XXXVII); mode of 
levying duties on goods (Arts. XXXVIII-XL) ; reexportation of 
dutj^-paid goods, and drawbacks relating thereto (Art. XLI) ; and 
prevention of fraud and smuggling (Art. XLII). 

(n) Spanish vessels trading with ports not opened by this treaty 
are liable to confiscation by the Chinese Government, together with 
their cargoes (Art. XLIII) ; likewise vessels engaged in contraband 
traffic (Art. XLV) ; or carrying arms or munitions of war to rebels 
or pirates (Art. XLIX). 

(o) Right of Spanish vessels to carry Chinese products from one 
Chinese port to another open to trade, on paying the tariff duties 
prescribed. (Art. XLIV.) 

(p) Right of Spanish warships to visit any Chinese port for pur- 
poses named. (Art. XLVIII.) 

(q) Detailed provisions concerning forms of official correspondence 
between Spanish and Chinese authorities. (Art. LI.) 

Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 242. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween China and Sweden?^ 

SIGNED 2 July, 1908, at Peking. Effective from 14 June, 1909, for 10-year 
periods, subject to revision at the end of any period on six months' notice from 
either party. (Art. XV.) 

TEXT : English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 101 : 94-5-51 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 592-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting full participation in all privi- 
leges, immunities, and advantages which either country may grant 
to the Government, officers, and subjects of any other treaty power 
in regard to commerce, navigation, shipping, industries, or property. 
(Art. XIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(«) All prerogatives, privileges, and immunities accorded by either 
country to diplomatic representatives. (Art. II.) 

(&) Appointment of consular officers, and attributes, authority, 
privileges, and immunities accorded to them by either country. 
(Art. III.) 

»* See also No. 238. 



442 CHIITA AND SWEDEN. 

(c) Eight of subjects of either country to proceed with their mer- 
chandise for purposes of trade to or from any place open to foreign 
commerce in the other. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All privileges and immunities regarding exercise of trade, in- 
dustries, and other laAvf ul avocations ; renting or purchase of houses 
for residence or business purposes ; renting or leasing of lands ; build- 
ing of houses, shops, churches, cemeteries, and hospitals, and em- 
ployment of Chinese labor in any lawful capacity. (Art. IV and 
addl. art. 24 May, 1909.^^) 

(e) Duties imposed by either country on articles imported from 
the other or by subjects of the other. (Art. V.) 

(/) Duties payable on articles exported from China by Swedish 
subjects or to Sweden, and transit duties in China on articles im- 
ported by Swedish subjects. (Art. V.) 

(g) Treatment of merchant vessels of either country in the other, 
with special reference to payment of dues, fees, or charges on ac- 
count of tonnage, and treatment of vessels of either country stranded 
or wrecked on coasts of the other. (Art. VI.) 

(h) Treatment of warships of either country in ports of the other. 
(Art. VIII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) The tariff and tariff rules in force between China and the for- 
eign powers shall be applicable to all articles imported into or ex- 
ported from China by Swedish subjects, and articles imported from 
or exported to Sweden. (Art. V.) 

(6) In case either party is at war with any third power, vessels of 
either country trading at ports of the other may continue their com- 
merce and transport goods between ports of the belligerent powers, 
on condition of observing the rules of neutrality with regard to the 
matters named. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Subjects of either country may travel throughout the terri- 
tories of the other, but passports are required for travel in China 
under conditions described in detail. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning administration of justice in 
China. (Arts. X, XI.) 

(e) Religious freedom is assured to Christian missionaries, Chinese 
converts, and Swedish subjects in China. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Provisions of the treaty of 20 Mar., 1847, between Sweden and 
China are confirmed, so far as not modified by this treaty. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(g) Both parties reserve the right to conclude agreements regard- 
ing frontier trade with neighboring countries, granting advantages 
subject to special conditions. (Art. XIII.) 

«E English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 101:952. 



CHINA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 443 

(A) Agreements, rules, and regulations between China and the 
treaty powers shall be binding on both parties, so far as applicable 
and not inconsistent with this treaty. (Art. XIV.) 

Treaties with Switzerland. 
No. 243. 

Treaty of friendship hetween China and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 13 June, 1918, at Tokyo. Ratifications exchanged there 8 Oct., 1919. 
Duration indefinite. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. Ill : 694-5. 

I. Most -favored-nation treatment is reciprocally, pledged in gen- 
eral terms as regards the right of either country to appoint diplo- 
matic and consular officers to reside in the other, and the rights, privi- 
leges, favors, immunities, and exemptions to be accorded to them in 
the country of residence. (Art. II.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Neither country to appoint merchants as consular officers, ex- 
cept in an honorary capacity. (Art. II.) 

{b) In case of divergent interpretations of the French and Chinese 
texts of this treaty, the English text shall decide. (Art. IV.) 

No. 244. 

Declaration between China and Switzerland concerning most- 
favored-nation treatment. 

SIGNED 13 June, 1918, at Tokyo. Effective until conclusion of a treaty of 
establishment and commerce. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. Ill : 695. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by this declaration 
with regard to the following matters : 

{a) Swiss consuls in China to enjoy the same rights in matters 
of consular jurisdiction as consular agents of the most-favored 
nation. 

{h) Subjects of either country to enjoy in the other the same privi- 
leges and immunities as subjects of the most-favored nation, until 
conclusion of a treaty of establishment and commerce between the 
two countries. 

II. Other provisions. — When China shall have modified its judicial 
system, Switzerland will be prepared to renounce the rights of con- 
sular jurisdiction in China at the same time as other nations. 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of China with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, Nos. 
8 to 11. 



COLOMBIA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to British Empire. 

Treaties of Colombia with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, Nos. 12 and 13. 
Bolivia, No. 127. 
Brazil, No. 137. 
Great Britain (under British Empire), No. 147. 

Treaty with Ecuador. 

No. 245. 

Treaty of friendshij)^ coiimuerce, and navigation Jyetiveen Colombia 
and Ecuador. 

SIGNED 10 Aug., 1905, at Quito. Ratifications exchanged tliere 24 Oct., 
1907. Effective as regards all articles relating to commerce and navigation 
until 24 Oct., 1913, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from 
either party. Duration of Articles I, III, and XVI (v^^hich deal with political 
relations) is declared perpetual. (Art. XXVII.) 

TEXT : Spanish, Colombia Tr. Pub. 1913 : 30-6 ; Martens 90 : 856-63 ; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 99 : 1012^19. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms Avith reference to any special privilege 
relating to commerce or navigation. (Art. XXIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Eight to enter with ships and cargoes any ports, bays, or 
rivers open to foreign commerce in either country, subject to the 
laws and regulations in force. (Art. IV.) 

(6) Exceptional prohibitions imposed by either country against 
importation of products of the other. (Art. X.) 

(c) All privileges and immunities accorded to consular officers in 
either country. (Art. XXII, ) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Security and protection in either country for transaction of 
business and management of affairs, in person or otherwise, subject 
to the laws and regulations concerning public order and commerce. 
(Art. IV.) 

(6) Tonnage, anchorage, pilotage, beaconage, and all other port 
dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the other, in- 
cluding the fees or emoluments of public servants. (Art. V.) 

444 



COLOMBIA AND ECUADOR. 445 

(c) Whatever goods or merchandise may be lawfully imported 
into or exported from either country in its own vessels may likewise 
be imported or exported in ships of the other without paying other 
or higher dues of any kind, in any shape or form, than when carried 
in national vessels (Arts. VI and YIII) ; except the coasting trade 
of both countries (Art. VI). 

(d) Duties of any kind levied by either country, in any shape or 
form, on exportation of products of the other. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Transport or consumption duties or taxes, whether national, 
municipal, or local, imposed by either country on articles coming 
from the other via overland routes. (Art. XI.) 

(/') Assistance and protection to each other's warships or merchant 
vessels in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. XIII.) 

(g) All rights regarding acquisition and administration of landed 
property in either country, in person or otherwise. (Art. XY.) 

(h) Exercise of agricultural, mercantile, or manufacturing indus- 
tries, and any literary or scientific profession. (Art. XY.) 

(i) Conduct of affairs before courts, tribunals, and other authori- 
ties, personally or by agents. (Art. XY.) 

(j) Right of citizens of either country to continue their business 
or employment in the other in case of war between the two countries, 
with special reference to security and protection of their persons and 
property. (Art. XYI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Merchandise in which trade is allowed shall not pay any tax 
or duty when passing to or from either country by the land frontiers 
(" land ports " ) . In other words, neither country may impose export 
duties on its natural products (including live stock) entering the 
other, nor duties on products of the same class coming therefrom. 
(Art. XI.) 

(h) Arbitration of differences between the two countries. (Art. 

ni.) 

(c) Nationality of vessels to be determined by the laws of each 
country. (Art. YII.j 

(d) Reciprocal exemption of each other's citizens and their ships, 
vehicles, servants, etc., from arrest or detention for military expedi- 
tions or any public or private use, without sufficient indemnity to the 
interested parties. (Art. XIY.) 

(e) Exemption of each others citizens from military service by 
land or sea, and from forced loans, war subventions, and all other 
extraordinary personal contributions. (Art. XY.) 

(/) Extensive provisions concerning extradition of criminals, 
debtors, etc. (Art. II); neutrality and contraband (Arts. XYII- 



446 COLOMBIA AND GERMANY. 

XX) ; suppression of the slave trade (Art. XXI) ; and personal re- 
sponsibility of each other's citizens for transgressing stipulations of 
this treaty (Art. XXIV). 

Treaty with France. 

No. 246. 

Convention of commerce^ navigation^ and estahlishment hetween Co- 
loTYhbia and France. 

, SIGNED 30 May, 1892, at Bogota. Effective from 13 Oct., 1893, for an inde- 
finite term, subject to termination on 12 montlis' notice from either party. 
(Art. II.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 84: 136-9; Martens 68: 611-12; Spanip-h, Colombia 
Tr. Pub. 1906:49-50. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting 
establishment of each other's nationals, and all matters relating to 
commerce and navigation, with special reference to importation, ex- 
portation, and transit; and generally in everything that concerns 
customs duties, commercial operations, exercise of commerce and in- 
dustries, and payment of taxes relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Germany. 

No. 24 7. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce., and navigation 'between Colombia 
and Germany. 

SIGNED 23 July, 1892, at Bogota. Effective from 12 July, 1894, for 10 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXVI.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906:151-60: Spanish, Colombia Tr. Pub. 1906:22-9; 
English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 84:139-47. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights 
and privileges in matters of commerce, of maritime and inland navi- 
gation, and concerning protection of citizens of either country in 
the other. (Art. XXII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Free and secure entrance, with ships and cargoes, to all places, 
ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in either country, in- 
cluding, on condition of reciprocity, any rights and favors which 
either party may grant in respect of its coasting trade. (Art. II.) 

{b) All advantages and immunities respecting customs duties and 
formalities in either country, with special reference to import duties 
levied by either country on products of the other. The same prin- 
ciple to be observed as regards export and transit. (Art. XI.) 

{c) Any prohibition or restriction which either country may im- 
pose on importation or exportation of any article. (Art. XI.) 



COLOMBIA AT^D GERMANY. 447 

(d) Facilities afforded in ports of either country to steamships of 
the other maintaining periodical communication between the two 
countries, whether entering, clearing, or leaving. (Art. XVIII.) 

(e) Treatment of warships of either country in all ports, rivers, 
and places in the other to which foreign warships are admitted. 
(Art. XIX.) 

(/) All privileges, favors, and immunities accorded by either 
country to envoys, ministers, and public agents. (Art. XX.) 

(g) Indemnification of German subjects in Colombia for damages 
caused by insurgents or savage tribes, under conditions stated. (Ex- 
planatory notes to Art. XX.) 

(A) All rights and favors which either country may accord in 
consular matters. (Art. XXI.) 

(^) All rights and favors relating to extradition of convicts and ac- 
cused persons or to execution of requests in penal matters on condi- 
tion of reciprocity. (Art. XXIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All general or local taxes, tributes, or obligations of any kind 
concerning right of citizens of either country to travel, reside, and 
carry on trade by wholesale or retail in any part of the other, in- 
cluding right to buy, rent, and occupy lands, warehouses, and shops ; 
to export goods and metals ; and to receive consignments from any 
source. (Art. III.) 

(h) All duties, imposts, or favors concerning employment of 
agents ; purchase and sale of goods of all kinds ; loading, unloading, 
and dispatching of ships ; and execution of orders. (Art. III.) 

(c) Any imposts, burdens, or duties imposed by either country on 
citizens of the other as regards their real or personal property, (Art. 
VII.) 

(d) Navigation dues payable by ships of either country stranded or 
shipwrecked on coasts of the other or seeking refuge in ports of the 
other from damage or shipwreck. (Art. XV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) All rights and legal regulations or conditions concerning legal 
procedure in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to acquire and possess every 
kind of real and personal property in the other, and to dispose of the 
same or succeed thereto by will or otherwise in any lawful manner, 
including exportation of property or proceeds thereof, with special 
reference to payment of duties, taxes, or rebates relating thereto. 
(Art. IX.) 

(c) Any burdens or duties which either country may impose on 
property of citizens of the other in case of rupture or war between 
the two countries. (Art. X.) 



448 - COLOMBIA AND GEEMANY. 

{d) Tonnage, light, harbor, pilotage, quarantine, and other ship- 
ping dues payable b}^ ships of either country entering or leaving 
ports of the other. (Art. XII.) 

{e) All duties, burdens, or formalities imposed on goods imported 
into or exported from either country under the flag of the other, 
whatever the origin of the goods and from Avhatever country im- 
ported. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Any dues payable by ships of either country loading or unload- 
ing foreign cargo at different ports of the other. (Art. XIV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Citizens of either country are assured complete and continual 
protection of their persons and property in the other, including 
access to all tribunals and right of representation therein, under all 
circumstances. (Art. IV.) 

(6) Both countries reserve the right to expel, or not to admit, per- 
sons who on account of their conduct or bad antecedents may be 
regarded as harmful. (Art. VI.) 

{c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military and political services, and from extraordinary war con- 
tributions, forced loans, or military requisitions. (Art. VII.) 

{d) Ships, cargoes, and other property of citizens of either country 
are exempt in the other from embargo or extrajudicial detention for 
militar}^ expeditions or any other purposes, without just indemnifi- 
cation therefor. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Provisions concerning freedom of conscience and of religious 
worship, and right of burial at suitable places in either country. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(/) In case of rupture or war between the two countries private 
property is exempt from seizure, sequestration, or confiscation. 
(Art. X.) 

{g) Assistance and protection to vessels of either country seeking 
refuge in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. (Arts. 
XV, XVI.) 

(A) Diplomatic agents not to interfere in private claims or griev- 
ances except in case of virtual denial of justice, or of clear violation 
of existing treaties. (Art. XX.) 

(«') Provision concerning administration by consular officers of es- 
tates left by their deceased nationals. (Art. XXI.) 

V. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation provision of Article XXII 
(noted above under I) do not apply to facilities which either country 
may grant to bordering States to promote traffic in the frontier dis- 
tricts. (Art. XXII.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty extends also to States and 
districts which may be united with either country in a customs unioi]. 
(Art. XXV.) 

Treaty with Great Britain. 
See No. 147. 



COLOMBIA AND ITALY. 449 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 248. 

Treaty of fmendship^ conmnerce^ and navigation hetween Colombia 
and Italy. 

SIGNED 27 Oct., 1892, at Bogota. Effective from 10 Oct., 1894, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XXYIIL) 

TEXT : Italian, Italy Tr. 13 : 183-98 ; Martens 72 : 308-17 ; Spanish, Colom- 
bia Tr. Pub. 1906:62-72; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 84:206-14. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) in regard to : 

{a) Free and secure entrance with ships and cargoes to all places, 
ports, and rivers of either country open to foreign commerce and 
navigation, including any rights or favors exceptionally granted 
by either country in respect of its coasting trade. (Art. II.) 

(b) All advantages and "immunities concerning customs duties, 
with special reference to duties levied by either country on importa- 
tion of products of the other. (Art. XI.) 

{c) All advantages and immunities accorded by either country 
in regard to exportation or transit. (Art. XI.) 

{d) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
on importation or exportation of any articles to or from the other, 
except Government monopolies of either country. (Art. XI.) 

{e) Any customhouse formalities exacted by either country with 
regard to goods imported or exported. (Art. XI.) 

(/) All facilities for entrance, clearance, and departure of 
steamers of either nationality maintaining periodical communication 
between the two countries. (Art. XIX.) 

{g) Right of warships of either country to enter, remain, or un- 
dergo repairs in ports, rivers, and places of the other. (Art. XX.) 

{h) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to diplo- 
matic agents in either country. (Art. XXI.) 

(^) All rights and favors granted by either country in consular 
matters. (Art. XXII.) 

{j) All rights and favors granted hj either country concerning 
commercial and maritime matters, navigation of inland waters, pro- 
tection of persons, except facilities granted exclusively to bordering 
countries to favor traffic in the frontier zone. (Art. XX Y.) 

{k) All rights and favors concerning extradition of criminals or 
accused persons, and requisitions in criminal cases. (Art. XXVI.) 

IT. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Entrance to and residence in any part of either country, and 
right to travel or trade there by wholesale or retail ; to buy houses, 
shops, warehouses, and other possessions and to rent and occupy the 
same; to transport and export merchandise and metals, and to re- 



450 COLOMBIA AND ITALY. 

ceive consignments, native or foreign ; also all taxes, tributes, or ob- 
ligations of whatever nature relating to any of these. (Art. III.) 

(h) Complete and continual protection of persons and property, 
and all rights relating to judicial proceedings, access to courts of 
justice, and gratuitous judicial assistance under conditions stated. 
vArt. IV.) 

(c) All charges, tributes, or taxes levied by either country on ac- 
count of real and personal property. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty of all kinds in any manner whatever, by will or otherwise, and 
all taxes, rebates, or tributes relating thereto. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Any embargo, sequestration, taxes, or contributions of any 
kind imposed on property of each other's citizens in case of rupture 
or war between the two countries. (Art. X.) 

(/) All duties for tonnage, lighthouse, port, pilotage, quarantine, 
or other charges imposed on vessels of either country entering or 
leaving ports of the other. (Art. XII.) 

(g) All duties and formalities imposed by either country on any 
articles imported or exported under the flag of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving and for any destination. (Art. XIII.) 

(A) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge for- 
eign cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, and 
all duties relating thereto (Art. XIV) ; but coasting trade is ex- 
pressly excepted (Art. II). 

(^) Navigation taxes payable in either country by ships of the 
other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, the merchandise 
landed being exempt from payment of duties unless cleared for con- 
sumption. (Art. XV.) 

(j) Reciprocal protection to each other's citizens in all that con- 
cerns ownership of inventions or industrial discoveries, and of trade 
or industrial marks and labels, subject to observing the laws and 
regulations of the country. (Art. XXIII.) 

(k) Italians voluntarily supporting rebellion in Colombia may be 
subjected to equal treatment with natives in all that concerns legal 
responsibility for their actions. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
personal military service by land or sea, and from obligation to 
accept political, judicial, or administrative offices (Art. V) ; also , 
from extraordinary war contributions, forced loans, military requi- 
sitions, and military or political service of any kind (Art. VII). 

(h) Vessels and other effects of citizens of either country are 
exempt in the other from confiscation, embargo, etc., for military 
or other purposes, unless full indemnity is paid. (Art, VII.) 



COLOMBIA AKD JAPAN. ^51 

(c) Citizens of either country must not interfere in political or 
domestic struggles of the other (Art. V) ; both countries reserve the 
right to expel, or not to admit, persons who may be considered per- 
nicious, for reasons cited (Art. VI). 

(d) Mutual guarantees relating to freedom of conscience, secur- 
ity of religious worship, and burial of the dead. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) In case of rupture or war between the two countries, citizens 
of either country may continue their trade or profession in the other 
so long as they conduct themselves peaceably and are not obnoxious 
to public order; their private property of every kind to be exempt 
from embargo, sequestration, or confiscation. (Art. X.) 

(/) Nationality of vessels to be determined by laws of each coun- 
try. (Art. XVIII.) 

(g) Diplomatic agents not to intervene in private claims or com- 
plaints regarding civil, criminal, or administrative questions, except 
in cases involving denial of justice, express violation of existing 
treaties, or violation of international law, public or private. Colom- 
bia can not be held responsible for injuries suffered by Italians from 
insurgents or savage trib^ during insurrections or civil war, ex- 
cept in case of established lault or want of diligence on the part of 
the authorities concerned. (Art. XXI.) 

(h) Administration by consular officers of estates of their deceased 
nationals. (Art. XXII.) 

{i) Arbitration of disputes relating to interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XXVII.) 

Treaty with Japan. 

No. 249. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation between Colombia 
and Japan. 

SIGNED 25 May, 1908, at Washington. Ratifications exchanged there 11 Dec, 
1908. Duration indefinite, subject to termination on six months' notice from 
either party. (Art. XII.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 101:955-8: Martens 88:286-90; 
Spanish, Colombia Tr. Pub. 1913:202-9; Spanish and English, Japan Tr. 
1918: 175-83. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment (as defined) is reciprocally but 
conditionally pledged in respect of any favor, privilege, or immunity 
whatever in matters relating to commerce, navigation, trade, occu- 
pation, travel through or residence in the territories and possessions 
of either country (Art. IV) ; except the coasting trade of both coun- 
tries, which is regulated by their respective laws (Art. VIII). '"' 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged^ in 
regard to : 

k (a) All rights, privileges, exemptions, and immunities to be ac- 
corded to diplomatic and consular officers. (Art. II.) 
54083—22 30 



452 COLOMBIA AjSTD netherla:n'ds. 

(h) Eight to enter, freely and securely, with ships and cargoes, all 
places, ports, rivers, and straits in each other's territories or posses- 
sions; to hire and occupy houses and warehouses, and to trade by 
wholesale or retail in all kinds of merchandise of lawfuL commerce. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Duties imposed by either country on products of the other, 
whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, or 
transit. (Art. V.) 

(d) Duties or charges imposed by either country on exportation 
ofany article to the other. (Art. V.) 

(e) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion or transit of products of the other, or against exportation of 
any articles to the other. (Art. V.) si 

(/) Everything relating to transit, warehousing, bounties, facili- 
ties, drawbacks, reexports, and transit duties. (Art. VI.) 

(g) Duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, harbor, pilot- 
age, quarantine, salvage, and all similar duties or charges of what- 
ever nature, no matter by whom or how levied, imposed in any of the 
ports, rivers, or straits of either countrv ftp ships of the other. (Art. 
VII.) 

(k) All privileges, immunities, and exemptions relating to billet- 
ing of soldiers, compulsory military service by land or sea, contribu- 
tions of war, military exactions, or forced loans. (Art. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding protec- 
tion of persons and property; also access to courts of justice and em- 
ployment of advocates or others therein. (Art. X.) 

III. Other provisions. — Citizens of either country to enjoy in the 
other complete liberty of conscience, right of private or public ex- 
ercise of religious worship, and right of burial according to religious 
customs in suitable and convenient places established and maintained 
for the purpose; subject to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Art. X.) 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 

No. 250. 

Treaty of friendship^ navigation^ and comnnerce tetween Golomhia 
and the Netherlands. 

SIGNED 1 May, 1829, at London. Duration indefinite. Terminable on 12 
months' notice from either party. ( Art. XXV. ) 

TEXT : Dutch and Spanish, B. F. S. P. 17 : 895-906 ; Columbia Tr. Pub. 1883 : 
180-9; Lagemans 2:219-28; French (transL), B. F. S. P. 17:906-11. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

(a) Free and secure entrance, with ships and cargoes (including 
warships) to all places, ports, and rivers in Colombia and in Euro- 



COLOMBIA AND NETHEELANDS. 453 

pean possessions of the Netherlands; also right to reside there and 
to lease and occup}' houses, shops, and other premises for commer- 
cial purposes, with complete protection and security of persons and 
property; subject to the laws and reirulations in force. (Arts. II, 

III.) 

(h) Colombia's right to trade and navigate freel}^ in all Dutch 
possessions outside of Europe, with the same privileges granted to 
other nations in accordance with the general principles of the Dutch 
colonial system (Art. IV), on condition that vessels arriving from 
the Dutch colonies are admitted to Colombian ports on the same 
terms as those coming from Holland (Art. Y). 

(c) All duties imposed in ports of either country on ships of the 
other for tonnage, lighthouse, harbor, pilotage, salA'age, or other such 
general or local charges. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Duties payable on products of either country, imported or 
exported under its own flag. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Customs duties levied by either country on imported prod- 
ucts of the other, and on exports to the other. (Art. X.) 

(/) ' Any prohibitions established by either country against im- 
portation or exportation of anv articles to or from the other. 
(Art. X.) 

(g) All prerogatives, exem.ptions. and immunities accorded to 
diplomatic or consular officers in either country (Art. XXIV) ; in- 
cluding Dutch colonies (Conv. of 20 July, 1881^^). 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to ; 

(a) Subjects of either country may conduct any business in the 
other, personally or otherwise, without paying higher remuneration 
to persons employed than natural citizens pay; and may freely de- 
termine prices of any articles in buying or selling, subject to laws 
and established customs of the country. (Art. XI.) 

(h) All rights and privileges concerning police of ports, loading 
and unloading of vessels, and security of merchandise, goods, and 
effects. (Art^XII.) 

(c) Protection and assistance to vessels in case of damage or ship- 
wreck. (Art. XIII.) 

(d) All prerogatives and liberties regarding protection of per- 
sons, homes, and property; access to courts and representation 
therein ; disposal of or succession to property of any kind by will or 
otherwise; and all imposts, duties, or charges relating to any of 
these. (Art. XIV.) 

^' III. Other provisions relate to: 

(u) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service by land or sea. (Art. XIV.) 



»« French, B. F. S. P. 72 : 865-9. 



454 COLOMBIA AND PORTUGAL. 

{h) Freedom of conscience, religious belief and worship, and right 
of burial in accordance with national custom. (Art. XV.) 

((?) In case of rupture or war between the two countries citizens 
of either may continue their business or employment in the other 
without any interruption so long as they behave peaceably and 
observe the laws. (Art. XVI.) 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 251. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ navigation oMd extradition hetiveen 
Colombia and Portugal. 

SIGNED 9 Apr., 1857, at Washington. Effective from 24 Aug., 1865, for six 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party; 
except Article I (peace and friendship), which is declared perpetual. (Art. 
XXII. ) 

TEXT : Spanish and Portuguese, Colombia Tr. Pub. 1883 : 140-55 ; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 75:1258-67. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below), re- 
garding any favor, privilege, or exemption with respect to com- 
merce and navigation. (Art. X.) 

Most-favorecl-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Access with ships and cargoes to all ports, rivers, and cities 
open to foreign commerce ^^ in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts ^^ of the other. (Art. IV.) 

{c) All duties, imposts, or taxes of any kind levied by either coun- 
try on products ^^ of the other for transit bv rivers, canals, or roads. 
(Art. IV.) 

{d) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion of products of the other, or exportation of its own products ^^ 
to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
goods ^^ to the other. (Art. IV.) 

(/) All favors, immunities, and exemptions accorded by either 
country to envoys, ministers, and diplomatic agents. (Art. XIII.) 

{g) All powers, rights, immunities, and prerogatives accorded in 
either country to consular officers. (Art. XIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged to citizens of either country respecting the right 
to conduct their affairs, personally or by agents, in all ports of the 
other open to foreign commerce, with special reference to consign- 

^"^ Subject to exceptions noted below under V. 



COLOMBIA AND PORTUGAL. 455 

merits; trade by Avholesale or retail, and loading, unloading, or dis- 
patching of ships. (Art. VII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

{a) Protection of persons and property of citizens of either coun- 
try traveling, residing, or conducting their business in the other. 
(Art. 11.) 

{h) All dues, imposts, or charges on account of tonnage, lightage, 
pilotage, quarantine, salvage, and similar dues of whatever nature, 
payable by vessels of either countr^^ entering ports of the other, 
whether laden or in ballast. (Art. III.) 

{c) All duties levied, and all favors, discounts, and privileges 
conceded by either country on importation of products ^' of the other, 
whether carried in vessels of either nation. (Art. V.) 

{d) Any merchandise^' Avhich can be legally exported or trans- 
shipped from the ports of either nation in its own vessels to any 
foreign country^' may likewise be exported or transshipped in ves- 
sels of the other, without paying other or higher dues or imposts of 
any kind than when carried in national vessels. (Art. VI.) 

{e) All duties or charges payable by vessels of either country 
loading or discharging foreign cargoes at different ports of the other 
on the same voA^age; but coasting trade is exclusively reserved for 
the national flags. (Art. IX.) 

(/) All duties or charges payable in either country by citizens of 
the other on disposal of, or succession to, personal property, by will 
or otherwise, including export of proceeds if sold in circumstances 
stated. (Art. XVII.) 

{g) Protection of each other's citizens, including open access to 
courts of justice on the same terms, usages, and customs applying to 
native citizens. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of each other's citizens, and their ships, effects, 
etc., from detention or employment for any military expedition, or 
other public or private purpose, without full indemnity paid. (Art. 
VIII.) 

{!)) Nationality of ships determined by ships' papers required by 
national laws. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Assistance and protection to vessels of either country seeking 
refuge in the other from pirates, damage, or shipwreck. (Art. XI.) 

{d) Exemption of consular officers of either country from all pub- 
lic service and from personal taxation in the other, and exemption 
of consular archives and papers from seizure or interference by any 
magistrate or other person, in any manner whatever. (Art. XV.) 

^'' Subject to exceptions noted below under V. 



456 COLOMBIA AITD SPAIIS", 

(e) Local authorities to assist consular officers in recovery of sea- 
men deserters. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Extensive stipulations relating to piracy (Art. XII) ; extra- 
dition of criminals (Art. XIX) ; prohibition of external traffic in 
slaves (Art. XX) ; personal responsibility of each other's citizens 
infringing any article of this treaty (Art. XXI, 1) ; and arbitration 
of disputes between the two countries (Art. XXI, 4). 

{(/) This treaty (concluded with Xew Granada) is expressly made 
binding on the newly formed United States of Colombia. (Proto- 
col, 24 Aug., 1865,'^« sec. 1.) 

(h) Enumeration of ports in Portuguese possessions beyond the 
seas to which foreign ships are admitted by Portuguese legislation, 
and enumeration of articles not allowed to be imported into said 
possessions, except when of Portuguese production and shipped in 
Portuguese vessels. (Ibid.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulation of Article II (see I a above) is not applicable 
to Portuguese provinces beyond the seas in which commerce is not 
legally permitted to all foreigners. (Notes attached.) 

(h) The stipulations of Articles IV, V, and VI (see I h-e, and 
III c-d above) shall never be applied to merchandise the importa- 
tion of which into Portuguese provinces beyond the seas is prohibited 
to foreign trade. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 252. 

Treaty of peace and friendship between Colombia, and Spain^ and 
treaty additional thereto. 

TREATi:^ SIGNED 30 Jan.. 1881, at Pans. Duration indefinite. Additional 
treaty, signed 28 Apr., 1894,°® is terminable by 12 mouths' notice from either 
party (Art. XI). 

TEXT: Spanish, Columbia Tr. Pub. 1883: 159-60: English (transl.), B. F. 
S. P., 72 : 121^-17. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting all advantages and exemptions 
to be accorded in territories, canals, and ports of either country to 
citizens, ships, or merchandise of the other. (Art. IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) All privileges, exemptions, and imm.unities accorded to diplo- 
matic and consular agents by either country. (Art. II.) 

(b) Navigation and transit and all that concerns establishment 
of each other's nationals in either country. (Addl, tr.,®^ Art. VIII.) 

»8 English, B. F. S. P. 88 : 572-5. 
98 Spanish. Martens 83 : 575-7. 



COLOMBIA AND SWITZERLAND. 457 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged in regard to equitable compensation for damages, vexations, 
or exactions suffered by citizens of either country from insurgents, 
seditions, or riots in the other, but only when the tribunals of the 
country admit governmental responsibility in the matter. (Addl. 
tr.,«« Art. IV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocaijy pledged in respect to : 

(a) All rights relating to liberty, security, and protection of per- 
sons and property, administration of justice, and distribution of 
taxes, imposts, or other burdens in either country. (Art. III.) 

(h) Treatment of each other's citizens taking part in civil strug- 
gles in either country, such as seditions, rebellions, civil wars, or 
usurpation of political rights or offices. (Addl. tr.,^^ Arts. Ill 
and V.) 

(c) All civil rights and penal responsibilities in either country. 
(Addl. tr.,99 j^j^ Yl.) 

(d) Validity in either country of certificates of study and of pro- 
fessional diplomas granted in the other, and right to practice pro- 
fessions to which they relate ; subject to the taxes, duties, and regula- 
tions in force. (Addl. tr.,^^ Art. X.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tar}^ service by land or sea, and from all contributions or imposts re- 
lating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(h) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation of treaties 
between the two countries. (Addl. tr.,''® Art. I.) 

(c) Citizens of either country have no right in the other to dip- 
lomatic intervention, except in case of manifest denial of justice, or 
refusal or negligence in its administration. (Addl. tr.,^^ Art. VI.) 

(d) Either country may expel, or refuse to admit, persons consid- 
ered pernicious because of their evil life or conduct. (xA.ddl. tr.,®® 
Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 253. 

Treaty of frieiidship^ estahlishment, and coinmerce hetioeen ColoTiibia 
and Sioitzeriand, 

SIGNED 14 Mar., 1908, at Berne. Ratifications exchanged 24 June. 1909, 
at Paris. Effective from 2 Oct., 1909, for indefinite term, subject to 12 months' 
notice of termination from either party. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT : B. F. S. P. 101 : 958-9 ; Martens 89 : 241-2 ; Spanish, Colombia Tr. 
Pub. 1913 : 222-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights or advantages concerning commerce, 
customs, and navigation, consulates, establishment, exercise of com- 

»» Spanish, Martens 83 : 575-7. 



458 CONGO. 

mercial and industrial professions, and taxes relating thereto, pro- 
tection of industrial property as defined, and (subject to the condi- 
tions established by the laws of each State) protection of property 
in scientific, literary, or artistic productions. (Art. II.) 

II.. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country desiring to establish themselves in 
the other must present evidence of nationality in the form of birth 
certificates or passports. (Art. III.) 

(h) Both countries reserve the right to exclude nationals of the 
other who on account of their antecedents or conduct may be con- 
sidered dangerous. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Mutual protection of each other's citizens regarding freedom 
of conscience and religious belief, exercise of religion in churches 
or other places devoted to religious service, and burial of the dead 
with suitable decorum and respect. (Art. V.) 

(d) Citizens of either country residing in the other remain subject 
to the laws of their native State as regards military service or con- 
tributions in lieu thereof, and consequently are exempt in the State 
of their residence in these respects. 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Colombia with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, Nos. 
12 and 13. 

CONGO. 

Treaties with China. 

Treaties of Congo with China have been previously dealt with in 
this volume under China, No. 227. 



COREA. 

Treaties with Japan. 

Treaties of Corea with Japan have been dealt with in this vohime 
nder Japan, No. 374. 

COSTA RICA. 
Treaties with America, United States of, to British Empire. 

Treaties of Costa Eica with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, No. 14. 
Great Britain (under British Empire) , No. 148. 

Treaty with France. 
bi\ No. 254. 

Vo77imercial convention hetween Costa Rica and France. 

SIGNED 7 June, 1901, at San Jose de Flores. Ratifications exchanged 10 
Feb., 1902, at Paris. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. 

IV.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 94 : 586-7 ; Spanish and French, Costa Rica Tr. 
1907: 97-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing customs duties which either country may impose on importation 
of products of the other ; except that Costa Rica may give preference 
to products of other Central American Republics. (Arts. I, II.) 

II. Other provisions. — Certificates of origin to be vises by the 
respective consuls free of consular fees. (Art. III.) 

III. Application to colonies, etc. — This convention applies to Al- 
geria, the French colonies and possessions, and the protectorates of 
Indo-China and Tunis. (Arts. I, II.) 

Treaty with Great Britain. 

See No. 148. 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 255. 

Treaty of recognition^ peace ^ and friendship hetween Costa Rica and 

Spain. 

SIGNED 10 May, 1850. at Madrid. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT: Spanish, Costa Rica Tr. 1907:29-34; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 
39 : 1340-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting all concessions and favors relat- 
ing to commerce and navigation. (Art. XII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatinent is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

459 



460 COSTA EICA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

(a) Duties and port dues levied by either country on merchandise 
imported from or exported to the territories of the other. (Art. 
XII.) 

(h) All conditions and obligations (conformably to the laws of 
the country) relating to exercise of trades and professions; or re- 
garding possession, disposal, purchase, and sale by wholesale or re- 
tail of property of all kinds, movable or immovable, or succession 
thereto by will or otherwise, including export of proceeds if sold. 
(Art. X.) 

(c) All ordinary taxes payable on account of. trade, ^business, or 
property in either country. (Art. XI.) ' ^-'^^-^'-l;'^'^^*^ 

(d) All franchises, privileges, and immunities accorded' to diplo- 
matic and consular agents by either country. (Art. XIV.) 

II. National treatment. — In case interoceanic communication is 
established through territory of Costa Rica, the Spanish flag and 
merchandise shall enjoy free transit, on the same terms and without 
paying other or higher dues than citizens, vessels, and merchandise 
of Costa Eica. (Art. XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. — Exemption of each other's citizens from 
compulsory military service by land or sea, and from all extraor- 
dinary taxes, contributions, or forced loans. (Art. XI.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Costa Rica with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 
No. 14. 



CUBA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Austria. 

Treaties of Cuba with the following countries have been previously- 
dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, No. 15. 
Austria, No. 63. 

Treaty wih Germany. 

See Treaty of Versailles, No. 314. 

Treaty with Italy. 

No. 256. 

Treaty of peace ^ coiiimerce^ navigation^ emigration^ and arbitration 
between Cuba and Italy. 

SIGNED 29 Dec, 1903. at Havana. Effective from 2 Dec, 1904, for 10 
years and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXIX.) 

TEXT: Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, I: 290-8; Spanish, Cuba Conv. 1908-1908: 
135-48; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 98: 370-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity of whatever 
nature which either party may grant to subjects of any other State 
in matters relating to commerce and navigation. (Arts. II and 
XXIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to: 

{a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether intended for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit ; with special reference to payment of duties, whether 
general, municipal, or local. (Art. III.) 

{b) Duties imposed by either country on exportation of any mer- 
chandise to the other. (Art. III.) 

{c) Treatment of citizens of either country in the other with 
reference to local dues, customs formalities, brokerage, models, or 
samples introduced by commercial travelers,^ and all other matters 
relating to commerce. (Art. III.) 

461 



462 CUBA AND ITALY. 

{d) Any prohibitions which either country may establish against 
the other regarding importation, exportation, reexportation, or 
transit, except in the following cases : 

(1) Special legislation of either country prohibiting transit of 
certain articles. 

(2) Transit of arms and munitions of war. 

(3) Sanitary measures to prevent spread of cattle disease, or loss 
of crops. 

(4) Incidents arising from Avar. (Art. III.) 

(e) Liberty of commerce and navigation in cities, ports, rivers, 
and places of either country open to foreign subjects or vessels. 
(Art. IV.) 

(/) Treatment of subjects of either country in the other with 
reference to literary and artistic property. (Art. IV.) 

(g) Acquisition or possession of real estate in either country. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(h) Application to each others citizens of the laws of the country 
of residence, especially those which determine the rights and obli- 
gations of foreigners. (Art. VIII.) 

(i) All privileges, favors, and immunities granted to diplomatic 
agents in either country. (Art. XII.) 

(j) All dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other, such as tonnage, port, lighthouse, pilotage, quarantine, or 
other dues affecting the vessels themselves. (Art. XIV.) 

(/') All privileges, favors, or advantages relating to local treat- 
ment of vessels of either country in the other, such as stationing, 
loading, and unloading of vessels, contributions or taxes in the ports, 
slips, docks, roadsteads, bays, and rivers of either country, and gen- 
erally all formalities and arrangements affecting merchant vessels 
and their crews or cargoes. (Art. XIV.) 

(l) Duties payable by vessels of either country loading or un- 
loading foreign cargo in different ports of the other on the same 
voyage; but coasting trade is excepted. (Art. XVI.) 

(m) Eight of warships of either country to enter ports of the 
other, and all rules, honors, advantages, privileges, and exemptions 
relating thereto. (Art. XXI.) 

(n) All privileges, immunities, and favors to be accorded to mail 
boats of either country in ports of the other. (Art. XXII.) 

(o) All rights, privileges, and immunities which either country 
may accord to consular officers. (Art. XXIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (at claimant's op- 
tion) is reciprocally pledged regarding charges or taxes payable by 
citizens of either country in the other on account of their property, 
real or personal. (Art. IX.) 



CUBA AND ITALY. 463 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Right of residence and travel in all territories and possessions 
of either country, with full protection and security for persons and 
property, except that both Governments reserve the right to expel 
pernicious foreigners. (Art. IV.) 

(b) Eight to engage in industry and trade by wholesale or retail 
and to rent or acquire houses, warehouses, establishments, or lands; 
to transport merchandise and bullion and to receive consignments 
from the interior and from abroad ; and payment of duties or licenses 
relating thereto. (Art. TV.) 

{c) Freedom to buy, sell, and fix prices of imported or exported 
merchandise of any kind, subject to the laws and regulations of the 
country. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Right to manage affairs in either country personally or by 
agents, with special reference to customhouse declarations, and load- 
ing, unloading, or fitting out vessels. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Any charges, contributions, duties, or taxes payable by citizens 
of either country in the other. (Art. IV.) 

(/) All rights relating to patents of inventions, labels, trade- 
marks, and designs. (Art. IV.) 

(g) Treatment of citizens of either country in the other as regards 
exemption of their dwellings, factories, warehouses, stores, and other 
premises used for residence or commerce from domiciliary visits or 
search, and exemption of their books, papers, and accounts from in- 
spection or examination, except under conditions and with for- 
malities prescribed by law for natives of the country. (Art. V.) 

(A) All rights, privileges, and exemptions relating to protection 
of persons and property, open access to courts of justice, and employ- 
ment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. VI.) 

(i) Right of citizens of either country to acquire, possess, and 
transfer personal property in the other by will or otherwise in any 
manner, and all dues incidental thereto, and to succeed to real or 
personal property, personally or by attorney in the same manner 
as natives of the country, w^ithout paying other or higher dues of 
succession or transfer than native citizens pay. (Art. VIII.) 

(j) Liability of citizens of either country for payment of military 
requisitions, loans, or contributions in the other when imposed on 
the real estate of the country. (Art. IX.) 

(k) Any charges or taxes payable by citizens of either country on 
their goods or property in the other in case of war or conflict between 
the two countries. (Art. XI.) 

(l) Treatment of warships or merchant vessels of either country 
stranded or wrecked in territory of the other, with special reference 
to payment of salvage and other expenses, and duties payable on 
salvaged merchandise cleared for consumption. (Art. XIX.) 



464 CUBA AND ITALY. 

IV. Other proyisions. :uf/[ .III 

(a) Judicial assistance is assured in either countiy to indigent 
citizens of the other. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
personal military service by land or sea, and from all forced loans 
and military exactions or contributions, except as noted above under 
III j. (Art. IX.) 

(o) In case of conflict or war between the two countries, citizens 
of either may remain and continue their business or profession in the 
other so long as they conform to the laws of the country, their goods 
or property being exempt from any embargo or sequestration. In 
case their conduct necessitates removal from the country, sufficient 
time must be given them to arrange their affairs. (Art. XI.) 

(d) Diplomatic agents of either country shall not intervene in 
case of claims or complaints of private individuals, except for vir- 
tual denial of justice or express violation of treaties or of precepts 
of international law, public or private. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Neither country to be held responsible for losses, molestations, 
or exactions suffered hj citizens of the other from rebels in time of 
insurrection or civil war, except in cases of neglect or want of vigi- 
lance on the part of the authorities concerned. (Art. XII.) 

(/) In everything relating to police of ports, loading and un- 
loading of ships, and protection of merchandise and goods, citizens 
of either country are subject to the local laws and ordinances, (Art. 
XIII.) 

(g) Navigation, tonnage, and other dues payable by vessels of 
either country in ports of the other shall be collected according to 
the certificates of registry. (Art. XV.) 

(h) Extensive provisions concerning treatment of vessels of either 
country seeking refuge in ports of the other from damage or ship- 
wreck. (Art. XIX.) 

(^) Nationality of vessels to be determined in accordance with 
ships' papers required by the laws of each country. (Art. XX.) 

(j) Whenever Italian immigrants are engaged under contract for 
service in Cuba, the Cuban Government undertakes to see that the 
contracts proposed are equitable and scrupulously carried out, and 
to punish severely those who in any way cheat or take advantage of 
Italian immigrants. (Art. XXV.) 

(k) Arbitration of controversies concerning interpretation or exe- 
cution of this treaty, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XXVII.) 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) The coasting trade and fishing industry of either country, 
which are reserved for regulation by their respective laws. (Arts. 
XVI, XVII.) 



CUBA AND U]S:iTED STATES OF AMERICA. 465 

(h) Special reductions of customs duties which Cuba may grant 
to the produce of other American States exclusively. (Art. XXVIII) . 
VI. Application to Italian colonies. 

(a) This treaty is applicable to those foreign possessions or colo- 
nies of Italy in whose favor six months' notice to that effect has been 
given to Cuba. (Art. XXVI.) 

(b) Cuban citizens shall enjoy in the colonies and possessions of 
Italy the same rights and privileges and the same liberty of com- 
merce and navigation as may be conceded to subjects of the most- 
favored nation. (Art. XXIII.) 

(c) The inhabitants of the colonies and possessions of Italy shall 
enjoy the same rights and privileges and the same liberty of com- 
merce and navigation as are by this treaty conceded in Cuba to 
Italians and their commerce and vessels. (Ibid.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Cuba with the United States have been previously dealt 
with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 15. 



;rf-b9fOVB'^-t«oJ/' J. 



CZECHOSLOVAKIA. 

Treaties with Austria to Bulgaria. 

Treaties of Czechoslovakia with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 
Austria, No. 63. 
Bulgaria, No. 210. 

Treaty with the Principal Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 257. 

Treaty between the principal Allied and Associated Powers and 
Czechoslovakia. 

SIGNED "" 10 Sept., 1919, at St. Germain. Effective from 16 July, 1920, for 
indefinite term ; but specified time limits are placed on operation of certain 
articles of the treaty. (Art. 21.) 

CONTRACTING STATES: The following powers have ratified the treaty: 
British Empire, France, Japan, and Czechoslovakia. 

TEXT : English, G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 20, Cmd. 479. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as be- 
tween Czechoslovakia and each of the contracting States regarding 
all facilities, privileges, exemptions, and immunities of every kind 
granted to consular officers. (Art. 15.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment. — Pending 
conclusion (under auspices of the League of Nations) of general con- 
ventions on the matters named, Czechoslovakia assures national and 
most - favored - nation treatment, on condition of reciprocity (Art. 
19 ^°^), to all the Allied and Associated States, and to all States mem- 
bers of the League of Nations (Art. 21), in respect to : 

{a) Treatment of vessels of all said States which accord similar 
treatment to Czechoslovak vessels. (Art. 18.) 

{h) Freedom of transit for persons, goods, vessels, carriages, 
wagons, and mails in transit to or from any of said States over 
Czechoslovak territory, including territorial waters; with special 
reference to facilities, charges, restrictions, and all other matters. 
(Art. 19.io\) . 

I"*' Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of, British Empire, France, 
Italy, Japan, and Czechoslovakia. 

i"! This article is terminable after 16 .July, 1925, as noted below under IV. 

466 



CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 467 

III. Other provisions. — Czechoslovakia undertakes and agrees: 

(a) To make no treaty, convention, or arrangement, and to take 
no other action, which will prevent her from joining in any general 
convention for the equitable treatment of the commerce of other 
States, which may be concluded under auspices of the League of 
Nations before 16 July, 1925. (Art. 17.) 

(b) To extend to all the Allied and Associated States, and to 
States members of the League of Nations (Art. 21), any favors or 
privileges in customs matters which she may grant before 16 July, 
1925, to any State with which since August, 1914, the Allies have 
been at war; except favors and privileges which may be granted 
under the special customs arrangements provided for in Article 222 
of the treaty with Austria. (Art. 17.) 

(c) Pending establishment of an import tariff by Czechoslovakia, 
goods originating in the Allied and Associated States shall not be 
subject to higher duties on importation into Czechoslovakia than the 
most favorable rates of duty applicable to goods of the same kind 
under the Austro- Hungarian customs tariff on 1 July, 1914. 
(Art. 16.) 

(d) That goods in transit through Czechoslovak territory, in- 
cluding territorial waters, shall be exempt from all customs or other 
duties; and that freedom of transit shall extend to postal, tele- 
graphic, and telephonic services. (Art. 19.) 

(e) That all rights and privileges accorded by this treaty to the 
Allied and Associated States shall be accorded equally to all States 
members of the League of Nations. (Art. 21.) 

(/) To adhere before 16 July, 1921, to specified general interna- 
tional conventions, and to adhere to any new convention concluded 
with approval of the Council of the League of Nations before 16 
July, 1925, to replace any of those specified. (Art. 20.) 

(g) To protect by effective measures the industrial, literary, and 
artistic property of nationals of the Allied and Associated States in 
circumstances named, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 20.) 

' (h) To assure full and complete protection of life and liberty to 
all inhabitants of Czechoslovakia without distinction of birth, na- 
tionalit}^, language, race, or religion (Art. 2). Differences of re- 
ligion, creed, or confession shall not prejudice any Czechoslovak 
national in matters relating to civil or political rights, as for instance 
admission to public employments, functions, and honors, or the exer- 
cise of professions or industries. (Art. 7.) 

(i) That the stipulations of this treaty, so far as they affect per- 
sons belonging to racial, religious, or linguistic minorities, constitute 
obligations of international concern, and shall be placed under the 
guarantee of the League of Nations, as described in detail. (Art. 
14.) 

54083—22—31 



468 CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND FRANCE. 

IV. Note. — If no general convention to secure and maintain free- 
dom of communications and of transit is concluded under auspices 
of the League of Nations before 16 July, 1925, Czechoslovakia may 
at any time thereafter terminate the obligations of Article 19 (noted 
under II, II &, and III d above) by 12 months' notice in manner 
stated. (Art. 19.)' 

Treaty with France. 

No. 258. 

Commercial convention hetween Czechoslovakia and France. 

SIGNED 4 Nov., 1920, at Paris. Put into effect by Freneli presidential de- 
cree of 28 Apr., 1921 (J. O. 2 May, 1921). Effective for one year, and thereafter 
for successive periods of six months by tacit renewal, unless denounced by 
either party six months before the close of the first year and three months 
before expiration of anv subsequent six-monthly period. (Art. 20.) 

TEXT : French, J. O. 2 May, 1921 : 5316-22. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below under V a) with regard to any favor ^ 
privilege, or reduction of duties which either country may accord to 
another power respecting dues for octroi, excise, and all accessory 
and local duties on importation, exportation, reexportation, transit, 
and warehousing of any merchandise, whether mentioned or not 
in this convention. (Art. 13.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) All duties, taxes, surtaxes, or augmentations thereof which 
Czechoslovakia may impose, under whatever name, on importation 
of products originating in and coming from France or French 
colonies and possessions; or on importation of tobacco and certain 
food products and raw materials of whatever origin when imported 
into Czechoslovakia from any country by French houses. (Art. 1, 
and List D.) 

(b) All duties, taxes, surtaxes, or augmentations thereof pay- 
able in France or French colonies and possessions, under whatever 
name, on importation of specified Czechoslovak products when im- 
ported from Czechoslovakia. (Art. 2, and List A.) 

(c) Application of percentage reductions of import duties to be 
accorded to Czechoslovak products enumerated in List B annexed 
to this convention; except as noted below under V a^ 2. (Art. 3.) 

(d) All duties and taxes payable on exportation of products ex- 
ported from territories of either country to territories of the other ; 
subject to exceptions noted below under V «, 1 and 2. (Art. 4.) 

(e) Any prohibition which either country may impose or main- 
tain, even temporarily, against importation of products of any kind 
originating in and coming from the other. (Art. 6.) 



CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND FRANCE, 469 

(/) Application of conditions concerning official price control. 
Whenever either part}^ may subject importation or exportation of 
certain products or merchandise to price control by governmental 
authority, the conditions applicable to the other party shall be the 
most favorable applied to any third power or its nationals. (Art. 9.) 

(g) All that concerns payment of consumption duties, transship- 
ment of merchandise, and fulfillment of customs formalities. (Art. 
13.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with reference to railway rates and accessory 
charges to be applied by either country to merchandise imported or 
exported in accordance with provisions of Articles 1-9 of this con- 
vention. (Art. 10.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to: 
(a) Treatment of citizens of either country attending fairs or 

markets in the other to exercise their commerce or sell their products ; 
with special reference to pa3^ment of taxes: except as noted below 
under V 5. (Art. 18.) 

(h) Duties, taxes, and imposts payable, under whatever name, by 
civil or commercial companies or associations of either country per- 
mitted to exercise their rights or industry in the other. (Art. 19.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Products originating in and coming from Czechoslovakia 
enumerated in List B annexed to this convention, when imported 
from that country into France or French colonies and possessions, 
are entitled to the reductions indicated in said list, based on per- 
centages to be applied as described. (Art. 3.) 

(h) France agrees to permit exportation to Czechoslovakia of 
phosphates from Algeria and Tunis up to 50,000 tons a year, and to 
favor Czechoslovakia as regards exportation of potash products and 
other specified materials. (Art. 5.) 

(c) Reciprocally, Czechoslovakia will permit unrestricted impor- 
tation of a long list of specified products enumerated in List C an- 
nexed to this convention, when originating in or coming from France 
and French colonies or possessions ; and will permit importation from 
France and French colonies or possessions, within specified quantity 
limits and subject to exceptions and conditions stated, of products 
enumerated in List D. (Art. 6.) 

{d) Czechoslovakia agrees to permit exportation to France ot 
French colonies and possessions of products enumerated in List E an- 
nexed to this convention, within quantity limits stated. (Art. 7.) 

(e) Any new import or export prohibitions which either party 
may establish shall be applied so as to inflict the least possible injury 
on the commercial relations between the two countries. (Art. 8.) 



470 CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND FRANCE. 

(/) Products of either country imported into territories of the 
other and destined for warehousing or transit shall be exempt from 
all customs duties and internal dues, except taxes or charges for 
stamping, registration, statistics, etc. (Art. 11.) 

(g) Definition of " direct " shipment as applied to Czechoslovak 
merchandise exported to France. (Art. 12.) 

(A) In order to reserve the benefits of this convention for their 
respective products and to prevent fraud by indirect transportation, 
certificates of origin may be required by either country to accom- 
pany merchandise imported into its territory (except articles enu- 
merated in List D, referred to above under I a), as described in 
detail. (Art. 13.) 

(^) Each country undertakes to adopt all necessary measures to 
protect products of the other from all unfair competition in com- 
mercial transactions, and to prohibit and suppress by seizure and 
other appropriate remedies the importation, warehousing, exporta- 
tion, manufacture, distribution, or sale in its territory of all goods 
bearing marks or descriptions calculated to convey a false indication 
of origin, type, nature, or special characteristics of such goods. 
(Art. 15.) 

(j) For the protection of indications of origin, both countries un- 
dertake to observe all provisions of the act of Madrid of 14 Apr., 
1891, and to respect each other's laws and decisions duly communi- 
cated by the proper authorities defining or regulating the right to 
regional appellations (as defined in detail) for all products deriving 
their special qualities from the soil or climate, or defining the condi- 
tions under which a regional appellation may be authorized; and 
further undertake to prohibit the importation, warehousing, expor- 
tation, manufacture, distribution, or sale of articles bearing regional 
appellations contrary to such laws and decisions. (Art. 16.) 

(k) Both countries undertake to give effective application to 
specified international conventions for protection of industrial prop- 
erty and of literary and artistic works. (Art. 17.) 

(l) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning exemption of 
commercial travelers' samples from customs duties in either country, 
subject to laws and regulations relating thereto. Merchants, manu- 
facturers, and their commercial travelers of either country must be 
provided with a legitimation certificate in the form prescribed. 
(Art. 18.) 

(m) Civil or commercial associations duly constituted in either 
country may exercise their rights or industry in the other subject to 
its laws; except special restrictions which either country may im- 
pose in manner stated on industries of general utility. (Art. 19.) 



CZECHOSLOVAKIA AXD SWITZEELAND. 471 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The most-favored-nation provisions of Articles 1 and 3 (noted 
above under I a and c) can not be invoked to secure : 

1. Preferential advantages which Czechoslovakia may accord in 
tariff matters to bordering States until 16 July, 1925, whether by 
application of Article 222 of the treaty of St. Germain,^^^ or by spe- 
cial conventions: without prejudice, however, to provisions of Ar- 
ticle IT of Czechoslovakia's treaty of peace of 10 Sept., 1919.^°^ 
(Art. 1.) 

2. Advantages resulting from a preferential regime which France 
may accord temporarily to certain countries to facilitate financial 
regulations between Governments, or resulting from economic unions 
which France may conclude with bordering countries. (Art. 3.) 

(h) National treatment provisions of Article 18 (noted above 
under III b) do not apply to peddling and other itinerant indus- 
tries, nor to soliciting orders from persons not engaged in industry 
or commerce : each country reserving complete freedom of legisla- 
tion in this respect. (Art. 18.) 

(c) Notwithstanding stipulations of Article 6 (noted above under 
IV c), Czechoslovakia may at any time refuse licenses to import 
products enumerated in List T> for reasons of public security, or 
from sanitary considerations. (Art. 6.) 

Treaty with Germany. 

See Treaty or Versailles, No. 314. 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

'See Austria -Hungary and Switzerland, No. 89. 

10^ See No. 63, II a. 
l"^See No. 257, III Or-h. 



DANZIG. 

Treaty with Poland- 
No. 259. 

Treaty hetween Poland and the free city of Danzig. 

SIGNED 9 Nov., 1920, at Paris (in accordance with Article 104 of tlie treaty 
of peace with Germany of 28 June, 1919). Effective from date of establishment 
of the free city of Danzig (15 Nov., 1920). Duration indefinite. Not subject 
to modification except by agreement between the two parties. (Art. 40.) 

TEXT: English and French (both authentic), L. N.. Annex to Council Doc, 
J 4 A. 

I. National and most-favored-nation treatment. — The provi- 
sions of Articles 14 to 19 of the treaty of 28 June, 1919, between the 
Principal Allied and Associated Powers and Poland (noted in this 
volume under No. 424, II ar-c) shall equally apply to the free city 
of Danzig. (Art. 33.) 

II. National treatment provisions. 

(a) Poland assures to nationals of the free city of Danzig pro- 
tection in foreign countries in the same conditions as to Polish na- 
tionals. (Art. 2.) 

{h) The free city agrees to accord to ships flying the Polish flag 
the same treatment in the port of Danzig as to ships flying the flag 
of the free city. (Art. 10.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Poland undertakes the conduct of the foreign relations of the 
free city of Danzig as well as the protection of its nationals abroad 
(Art. 2), as described in detail. (Arts. 2-5.) 

{h) Poland shall conclude no treaty or international agreement 
affecting the free city without previously consulting the latter. The 
High Commissioner has the right in all cases to veto any treaty or 
agreement, in so far as it applies to the free city of Danzig, which 
the council of the League of Nations may deem inconsistent with 
the provisions of this treaty or with the status of the free city. 
(Art. 6.) ' 

(c) The free city may not contract any foreign loans except after 
previous consultation with the Polish Government. In case of objec- 
tion by the latter, the High Commissioner shall decide in manner 
specified and subject to provisions noted below under III n. 
(Art. 7.) 

472 



DANZIG AND POLAND, 473 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning registration and treatment of 
vessels of either party and right to fly their respective flags. (Arts. 
8-10.) 

(e) Subject to provisions noted above under I a and II a, the con- 
trol of foreigners in Danzig shall be exercised by authorities of the 
free city. (Art. 12.) 

(/) Danzig is included within the Polish customs frontier, the 
two forming one customs area under the Polish customs legislation 
and tariff. (Art. 13.) Detailed stipulations concerning customs 
administration. (Arts. 14r-lT.) 

(ff) The free zone existing in the port of Danzig shall be main- 
tained and placed under control and administration of the Danzig 
Port and Waterways Board. (Art. 18.) 

(A) Extensive and detailed stipulations concerning constitution, 
functions, and duties of the Danzig Port and Waterways Board. 
(Arts. 19-26.) 

(^) Poland has the right, at all times and in ail circumstances, to 
import and export via Danzig goods of any kind whatever not pro- 
hibited by Polish law. (Art. 28.) 

(j) Provisions concerning postal, telegraphic, and telephonic com- 
munication. (Arts. 29-32.) 

(k) Danzig undertakes to apply to racial, religious, and linguistic 
minorities provisions similar to those applied by Poland on Polish 
territory in accordance with treaties cited (Art. 33), as noted in this 
volume under No. 424, III i-j. 

(I) Specified treaty provisions (noted in this volume under No. 
424, III a-d, /, ^, and IV) shall equally apply to the free city of Dan- 
zig. (Art. 33.) 

(tti) Provisions concerning naturalization in the free city of Dan- 
zig (Art. 34) ; reciprocal execution of judgments of tribunals of 
either country, arrest and extradition of criminals, and other judicial 
questions (Art. 35) ; unification of monetary systems of both parties 
(Art. 36) ; and supply of foodstuffs, fuel, and raw materials to the 
free city. (Art. 37.) 

(n) Any differences arising between Poland and the free city of 
Danzig in regard to this or any other treaty, agreement, arrange- 
ment, or convention, or to any matter affecting the relations between 
the two parties, shall be submitted by either party to the decision of 
the High Commissioner, who may refer the matter to the council 
of the League of Nations. Both parties retain the right of appeal to 
said council. (Art. 39.) 



DENMARK. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to China. 

Treaties of Denmark with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under: 
America, United States of, Xos. 16 and 17. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 68. 
Belgium, No. 96. 
Chile, No. 221. 
China, No. 228. 
Great Britain (under British Empire), Nos. 149 to 151. 

Treaty with France. 
No. 260. 

Provisional and additional convention of commerce and navigation 

between Denmark and France. 

SIGNED 9 Feb., 1842, at Paris. Duration not stated. 
TEXT : French. France Tr. 1 : 689-92 ; B. F. S. P. 35 : 1259-76. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) in regard to: 

{a) All favors, privileges, or immunities which either country may 
accord in matters concerning customs duti'es and navigation dues 
(Art. IV) : with special reference to French navigation and com- 
merce in the Sound, the Belts, and the Holstein Canal, particularly 
all advantages assured by the treaty of 23 Aug. 1742 i°* (Art. III). 

(&) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers by either country. (Art. V.) 

((?) Treatment of merchant vessels of either nation admitted to 
overseas colonies of the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(<f) License fees payable in Denmark by commercial travelers of 
France ; commercial travelers of Denmark being subject to an equiva- 
lent impost in France. (Addl. art. II, 9 Feb., 1910.1°^) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(rt) Navigation dues for tonnage, pilotage, quarantine, and other 
similar duties levied in ports of either country on ships of the other 
from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination. 
(Art. II.) 

io* French, France Tr. 1 : 683-9. 

105 French, France Tr. 1 : 705 ; B. F. S. P. 103 : 417. 

474 



DENMARK AND GERMANY. 475 

(?>) Dues and expenses payable in either country for salvage or 
conservation of vessels of the other and their cargoes in case of 
damage or shipwreck. (Art. VII.) 

(c) All rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and ex- 
emptions regarding exercise of civil rights in either country, with 
special reference to exercise of industrial or commercial trades and 
professions, and all taxes or imposts relating thereto. (Addl. Art. 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) All rights and privileges assured to citizens of both countries 
by the treaty of 23 Aug.. 1742,^^* with regard to their persons and 
properties are confirmed and continued, so far as compatible wath 
existing laws in both countries (Art. I) ; also all advantages secured 
by that treaty to French navigation and commerce in the Sound, the 
Belts, and Holstein Canal. (Art. III.) 

(h) Assistance by local authorities to consuls in recovery and ar- 
rest of seamen deserters (Art. VI) and in case of ships of either coun- 
try wrecked on coasts of the other. (Art. VII.) 

IV. Application to colonies. — The provisions of this convention do 
not apply to the overseas colonies of either country, nor to Iceland, 
Greenland, and the Faroe Islands; except that most-favored-nation 
treatment is reciprocally pledged in the overseas colonies of either 
country to mercant vessels of the other, and reciprocal national treat- 
ment respecting dues and expenses for salvage or conservation of 
vessels of either country and their cargoes in case of shipwreck. 
(Art. VIII.) 

Treaty with Germany (Prussia). 

No. 261. • 

Treaty of commerce^ as revised hy convention renewing the same^ be- 
tween Denmark and Prussia. 

SIGNED 17 June, 1818, and 26 May, 1846,"' at Copenhagen. Effective until 
1 July, 1851, and thereafter until terminated by six months' notice from either 
party. (Convention of 1846, Arts. I, XI.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906: 162-9; French, B. F. S. P. 5 : 695-710. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms by either country to the subjects, merchandise, and vessels 
of the other ; including admission of Prussian vessels and cargoes in 
overseas colonies of Denmark, and likewise in Iceland, Greenland, 
and the Faroe Islands. (Arts. II, III ; conv..^^^ Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Denmark to 
Prussian subjects with regard to commerce and navigation in the 
Sound and the Belts ; with special reference to tariff reductions and 

101 French, France, Tr. 1 : 683-9. 

»w French, France, Tr. 1 : 705 ; B. F. S. P. 103 : 417. 

»«» German, Hdv. 1906 : 169-71 French, B. F. S. P. 35 : 283-6. 



476 DENMARK AND GREECE. 

other favors or advantages relating to payment of dues or tolls. 
(Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All prerogatives or advantages accorded to merchant vessels 
in the ports of either country ; with special reference to import and 
export duties on merchandise and port dues on vessels ; except : 

(1) The coasting trade of both countries. (Conv..^^*^ Art. II.) 

(2) Commerce with Iceland, Greenland, Faroe Islands, and the 
Danish colonies. (Art. III.) 

(h) Application of quarantine laws and regulations of either coun- 
try to the shipping of the other. (Art. XXIV; conv.,^°^ Art. X.) 

(c) Assistance to be given to vessels of either country stranded or 
shipwrecked on coast of the other. (Art. XXV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Vessels and their cargoes of either country seeking refuge in 
ports of the other from damage or shipwreck are exempt from all 
duties, under conditions stated. (Art. X; conv.,^*^^ Art. VIII.) 

(h) Provision concerning protection of citizens of either country 
residing in the other in case of war between the two countries. 
(Art. XXVIII.) 

(c) Extensive provisions concerning contraband and blockade 
(Arts. XVII-XXI) ; neutrality (Art. XXII) ; quarantine (Art. 
XXIV; conv.,^°« Art.' X), and shipwrecks (Art. XXV). 

Treaties with Great Britain. 

See Nos. 149 to 151. 

Treaty with Greece. 
No. 262. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation between- Denmark and Greece. 

SIGNED 25 Dec, 1843, and 31 Oct.. 1846. Effective from 28 Dec, 1846, for 
10 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912: 398-405; French, B. F. S. P. 
36 : 991-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged with regard to : 

{a) Any advantage which either country may accord in respect of 
its coasting trade. (Art. VI.) 

ih) Treatment of subjects and vessels of Greece regarding com- 
merce with Greenland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands (Art. VIII) ; 
and respecting dues payable by Greek vessels and their cargoes on 
passing the Sound and the Belts (Art. IX). 

((?) Any advantages accorded by either country' concerning sal- 
vage of shipwrecked vessels. (Art. X.) 

io« German, Hdv. 1906 : 169-71 ; French, B. F. S. P. 35 : 283-6. 



DENMARK AND ITALY. 477 

(d) Any duties, prohibitions, or restrictions which either country 
may impose on importation or exportation of products of the other 
carried in Greek or in Danish ships ; also any bounties or drawbacks 
and all facilities for warehousing or transit accorded to similar 
products of any other country. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Reductions of duties or other advantages which either party 
may accord to products of any other country. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) All advantages accorded to consuls in either country, in all 
respects. (Art. XV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all advantages, immunities, prerogatives, favors, and pro- 
tection which either country may concede to its nationals with re- 
gard to their persons, properties, and commercial undertakings, sub- 
ject to the laws and regulations of the country. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All dues for port, tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, salvage, and 
all other dues or charges under whatever name, imposed in either 
country on vessels of the other, whether levied by the State, or by 
communes, corporations, societies, or private establishments. 

(h) Importation and exportation. All objects of commerce per- 
mitted to be imported into or exported from either country in its 
own vessels may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the 
other, from whatever place arriving and for any destination, with- 
out paying other or higher duties of any kind than when carried in 
national vessels. (Art. IV.) 

(c) All warehousing and transit facilities, and all bounties and 
drawbacks, granted to vessels of either country on importation or 
exportation. (Art. V.) 

(d) Equal treatment of vessels of either country regarding pur- 
chase of any merchandise lawfully imported. No preference to be 
given in this respect, directly or indirectly, based on nationality of 
the vessel importing the same. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Equal treatment of shipwrecked vessels of either country, 
with special reference to payment of salvage expenses, (i^rt. X.) 

(/) Protection of vessels of either country from pirates in the 
waters of the other. (Art. XI.) 

(g) Succession duties payable in either country by subjects of the 
other on inherited property withdrawn from the country. (Art. 
XIV.) 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 263. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation between Denmark and Italy. 

SIGNED 1 May, 1864, at Turin. Effective from 24 Nov., 1864, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XIII.) 

TEXT : French, Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 301-5 ; B. F. S. P. 56 : 997-1002 ; Danske 
Tr. (1863-79) : 9-15. 



478 DENMARK AND ITALY. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all favors regarding commerce, navigation, or 
fisheries which either nation may accord to any third power. 
(Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) All privileges, advantages, or tariff reductions which either 
country may accord regarding importation, exportation, or transit 
of merchandise, and all duties, restrictions, or prohibitions relating 
thereto. (Arts. IX, X.) 

(h) All matters concerning transit through either country, ex- 
cept as noted below under III c. (Art. VI.) 

(c) All favors, duties, or restrictions regarding exercise of indus- 
tries and professions in either country. (Addl. art. of IT Sept., 
1902.^«^) 

(d) All privileges and powers accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Treatment by either country (including Iceland, the Faroe 
Islands, and the Danish Antilles) of ships of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving and Avhatever their destination, with reference 
to customs duties and dues for tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, quar- 
antine, and all other dues or charges affecting the hull of the vessel, 
no matter by whom or how levied in either country. (Arts. I 
and X.) 

(h) All privileges in matters relating to stationing, loading, or 
unloading of vessels in ports, basins, roadsteads, or harbors of either 
country. (Art. III.) 

(c) All favors or immunities accorded by laws of either country 
to vessels and their cargoes seeking refuge from damage or ship- 
wreck. (Art. V.) 

(d) Importation and exportation. Any merchandise permitted 
by laws of either country to be imported, stored, warehoused, ex- 
ported, or reexported when carried in its own vessels, from what- 
ever place arriving, may likewise be imported, stored, warehoused, 
exported, or reexported by ships of the other, without paying other 
or higher duties or charges under whatever name (whether levied 
for Government or for local authorities or private establishments of 
any kind), than when carried in national ships. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Equal treatment of vessels. No priority or preference to be 
accorded by either country directly or indirectly, nor by any person 
or corporation acting in its name or under its authority, for purchase 
of any article of commerce lawfully imported, in consideration of 
the nationality of the vessel importing the same. (Art. VII.) 

^-' French, Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 305-6 ; B. F. S. P. 101 : 961. 



DENMARK AND JAPAN. 479 

(/) All privileges which either country may accord to its vessels 
above 30 tons burthen engaged in the coasting trade, in all respects. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(g) Eight of citizens of either country to acquire, possess, and 
dispose of, or succeed to, property of all kinds in the other, by will 
or otherwise ; and all duties relating thereto ; also care of such prop- 
erty in either country until claimed by legitimate heirs. (Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels of either country to be recognized by 
the other if carr3dng ship's papers and certificates described. (Art. 

(h) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge cargo 
at different seaports of the other on the same voyage. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Transit of gunpowder is prohibited and special authorization 
may be required for transit of arms through either country. (Art. 
VI.) 

Treaties with Japan. 

No. 264. 

Treaty of commerce and na/oigation hetween Denmark ojnd Japan, 

SIGNED 12 Feb., 1912, at Copenhagen. Ratifications exchanged 6 May, 1912, 
at Tokio. Effective from 7 May, 1912, for 10 years and thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXI.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), .Japan Tr. 1918:184-92; Martens 93:623-32; 
B. F. S. P. 105 : 962-9, 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either party may 
grant to subjects or citizens of any other State in all that concerns 
commerce, navigation, and industry. (Art. XIX.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All matters concerning travel and residence, studies and in- 
vestigations, exercise of trades and professions, and prosecution of 
industrial and manufacturing enterprises in either country, in all 
respects. (Art. I, 1.) 

(&) Conditions and limitations concerning acquisition and pos- 
session of any movable or immovable property which laws of the 
country permit foreigners to acquire or possess, on condition of 
reciprocity. (Art. I, 3.) 

{c) Eight to own or hire and occupy houses, factories, warehouses, 
shops, and other necessary premises, and to lease land for residential, 
industrial, manufacturing, and other lawful purposes, on condition 
of reciprocity. (Art. I, 3.) 

{d) All privileges, liberties, rights, taxes, and charges in regard 
to transmission of or succession to movable or immovable property, 
by will or otherwise, and disposal in any manner of all kinds of 



480 DENMAEK AND JAPAN. 

property lawfully acquired in either country by subjects of the 
other. (Art. I, 4.) 

(e) All taxes, fees, charges, or contributions of any kind payable 
in either country by subjects of the other. (Art. I, 7.) 

(/) Appointment of consuls, and (on condition of reciprocity) 
all rights, privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers by either country. (Art. III.) 

(g) Right of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in the 
other, subject to observing the laws of the country. (Art. V.) 

(h) Any duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any article to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(^) Any prohibitions or restrictions which either country may im- 
pose on importation or exportation of any article to or from the 
other; except sanitary measures, or to protect animals or useful 
plants. (Art. VI.) 

(jf) Treatment of merchants, manufacturers, or commercial travel- 
ers of either country making purchases or collecting orders in the 
other, with or without samples, with reference to taxation and facili- 
ties. (Art. VIII.) 

(k) All facilities, privileges, and immunities which either party 
may accord to vessels charged with a regular postal service, whether 
state-owned or subsidized by the government for that service. (Art. 
XVI.) 

(I) Any rights or favors which either country may concede in 
respect of its coasting trade. (Art. XV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to all duties for tonnage, transit^ 
canal, port, pilotage, lighthouse, quarantine, and similar duties or 
charges of whatever kind, no matter by whom or how^ levied in terri-^ 
torial waters of either country on ships of the other, from what- 
ever place arriving and whatever their destination. (Art. XIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

Cf^^ (a) Right of subjects of either country to carry on commerce and 
> * trade in the other in all merchandise of lawful commerce, personally 
or by agents, singly or as partners with foreigners or native subjects.. 
(Art. 1,2.) 

(h) All rights and privileges in matters concerning administration 
of justice in either country, including employment of representatives- 
to act before courts and other authorities. (Art. I. 5.) 

((?) Liability to military requisitions or contributions incumbent 

on possession of immovable property in either country. (Art. I, 6.) 

(d) Exemption of houses, factories, shops, and other premises 

used for lawful purposes from domiciliary visits or search, and ex- 



DENMARK AND JAPAN. 481 

emption of books, papers, or accounts from inspection or examina 
tion, except under conditions and with legal forms prescribed by the 
laws for native subjects. (Art. II.) 

(e) All that relates to warehousing, bounties, drawbacks, and 
facilities concerning importation or exportation of merchandise. 
(Art. VII.) 

(/) Importation and exportation. All articles which may legally 
be imported into or exported from either country in its own vessels 
may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, from 
whatever place arriving and for any destination, without paying 
other or higher duties or charges, and subject to the same bounties or 
drawbacks as when carried in national vessels. (Art. X.) 

(g) All privileges or facilities regarding the stationing, loading, 
or unloading of vessels in territorial waters of either country. (Art. 

(A) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded by either 
country to wrecked or damaged vessels. (Art. XVIII.) 
IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country and their families to enter 
and reside in any part of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsor}^ military service by land or sea, from all forced loans, 
and all contributions imposed in lieu of personal service. (Art. I, 6.) 

(c) Consular administration of property left by their deceased 
nationals under conditions stated. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Subjects of either country shall enjoy in the other exemption 
from all transit duties. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Duty-free admission into either country of commercial trav- 
elers' samples from the other, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial, or finan- 
cial associations duly constituted in either country are authorized 
to exercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions* 
in courts of justice. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country 
to be recognized by the other if carrying papers required by law. 
(Art. XII.) 

(h) Right of vessels of either nation to load or dischaTge foreign 
cargoes at different ports of the other on the same voyage. &ut coast- 
ing trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XV.) 

(i) Consular jurisdiction of disputes arising on m^^^^i^t vessels 
t)etween officers and crews, with special reference ^^ salaries and 
execution of contracts. (Art. XVI.) 



482 DENMARK AND JAPAN. 

(j) Local authorities to assist consuls in recovery of seamen de- 
serters. (Art. XVII.) 

(k) Articles saved from wrecked or damaged vessels of either 
country are exempt in the other from customs duties, unless cleared 
for consumption. (Art. XVIII.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 

(1) The coasting trade of either countr}^, which is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. (Art. XV.) 

(2) Special advantages which either party may accord to con- 
tiguous countries to facilitate frontier traffic. {AtL XIX.) 

(3) Advantages resulting from conclusion of a customs union, so 
far as not extended to other countries. (Ibid.) 

(h) The provision of Article VII regarding transit duties, and 
the provision of Article VIII concerning duty-free admission of 
samples (noted above under IV, d and e) do not apply to the Danish 
Antilles. (Art. XX.) 

VI. Territorial application. — The stipulations of this treaty are 
applicable to all territories and possessions belonging to or admin- 
istered by either party, except Iceland and the Danish colonies in 
Greenland. (Art XX.) See also under V b above. 

No. 265. 

/Special reciprocal customs convention hetv^een Demnarh and Japan. 

SIGNED 12 Feb.. 1912. r.t Copenhagen. Ratification.s exchanged 6 May, 1912. 
at Tokio. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), .Tapan Tr. 1918:192-4; B. F. S. P. 105:969-70. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment. — Products of either country 
shall enjoy, on importation into the other, the lowest rates of cus- 
toms duty applicable to similar articles of any other foreign origin. 
(Art. I.) 

II. National treatment. — Products of either country dul}^ im- 
ported into the other shall not be subject to any other or higher taxes 
or duties of octroi, transit, warehouse, excise, or consumption than 
may bt charged upon similar articles of national origin. (Art. II.) 

III. Oher provisions. — Certificates of origin of imported mer - 
chandise jaat be exceptionally required by either country in cir- 
cumstances st^ed. (Art. III.) 

IV. Excepti^s. — The following are excepted from the operation 
of this conventiov; 

(a) The produ^ Qf the national fisheries of either country, and 
of fisheries assimi.^g^j thereto as regards importation of their 
produce. (Art. V, 1. 



DENMARK AND LIBERIA. 483 

(b) Tariff concessions which either party may grant exceptionally 
to contiguous States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Ibid., 2.) 

(c) Advantages resulting from a customs union which either party 
may conclude with any third Power, so far as such advantages are 
not extended to other countries. (Ibid., 3.) 

V. Territorial application. — The stipulations of this convention 
are applicable to all territories and possessions belonging to or admin- 
istrated by either country, except only Iceland and the Danish col- 
onies in Greenland. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Liberia. 

No. 266. 

Treaty of fHendship^ coiiwierce^ and navigation betyjeen Denmark 
and Liberia. 

SIGNED 1 May, 1860, at London. Effective from 27 Mar., 1865, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. IX.) 

TEXT: Danish, -Danske Tr. ( 1800-63 ): 266-710 ; English, B. F. S. P. 56: 
1137-40. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms regarding every favor, privilege, or im- 
munity which either country may grant in matters of commerce and 
navigation to subjects of any other State. (Art. VIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All rights and privileges which either country may accord to 
foreigners, with special reference to right of residence and trade. 
(Art. lY.) 

(6) Admission of Liberian vessels to the colonies and possessions 
of Denmark. (Art. V.) 

{c) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on mer- 
chandise imported from the other in vessels of any nationality, or 
in ships of the other from any port. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Exportation of products of either country by subjects or in 
ships of the other. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Protection and privileges accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. IX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(ft) Possession, disposal, and transmission of, or succession to, 
personal property of all kinds, by will or otherwise, and any im- 
posts or taxes relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(6) Tonnage and other duties, charges, or taxes levied by either 
country on ships of the other, and on goods imported or exported in 
ships of the other. (Art. V.) 
54083—22- — 32 



484 DENMAEK AND MEXK^O. 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) The slave trade is prohibited and declared criminal in both 
countries. (Art. II.) 

(h) Eeligious liberty in either country for subjects of the other. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Subjects of either country to have full protection in the other 
for their persons and property. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Eight of subjects of either country trading in the other to 
buy and sell freely, without limitation or restriction from any 
monopoly, contracts, or other exclusive privileges of purchase or 
sale. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Vessels of either country and their officers and crews shall be 
protected in the other, in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Local authorities in either country to assist consuls of the 
other in recovery of seamen deserters. (Art. X.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 
(a) The coasting trade of either country or of its possessions. 

(Art. V.) 

(h) Intercourse between Denmark and the Danish colonies. 
(Ibid.) 

Treaty with Mexico. 

No. 26 7. 

Conventio7i of fri-endship and commerce between Denmark and 
Mexico. 

SIGNED 3 May, 1910, at Mexico. Effective from 22 Oct., 1910, for five years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XIII.) M.i 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 420-3. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms with regard to all matters relating 
to importation, exportation, transit, warehousing, reexportation, 
local dues, brokerage, customs tariffs and formalities, exercise of 
commerce and industry, navigation, and acquisition or possession oi 
property of any kind, with special reference to any privilege, im- 
munity, or tax reduction which either country may accord to citizens 
or products of any other State respecting import, export, and other 
duties, except obligations resulting from a customs union with a 
neighboring State. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Exceptional military charges incumbent on possession of 
landed property in either country, with special reference to quar- 
tering of troops. (Art. II.) 



DENMARK AND PERSIA. 485 

(h) Treatment of ships of either country and their cargoes in 
ports of the other, including any concessions which either country 
may make in respect of its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocity. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Application by either country to ships of the other of speci- 
fied limit of territorial waters for enforcement of customs regula- 
tionsand prevention of smuggling. (Art. V.) 

(d) All rights, immunities, and privileges accorded to consular 
officers in either country. (Art. VI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice, and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any dues or charges payable by vessels of either country 
for salvage or conservation of ship and cargo in case of damage or 
shipwreck. (Art. VIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from obli- 
gation to accept public office, whether judicial, administrative, or 
municipal (except guardianship) ; from all personal military service 
b}^ land or sea; and from all extraordinary imposts, forced loans, 
and requisitions, except those incumbent on possession of landed 
property. (Art. II.) 

(h) In all matters concerning police of ports, loading and unload- 
ing of vessels, and safety of merchandise or effects, citizens of either 
country are subject in the other to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Art. V.) 

(c) Limit of territorial waters of either country ft)r enforcement 
of customs regulations and prevention of smuggling to be three sea 
leagues from the line of low water. (Art. V.) 

(d) Exemption of salvaged merchandise from all customs duties 
in either coimtry, unless cleared for domestic consumption. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(e) Disputes concerning interpretation or application of this 
treaty to be submitted for arbitration to the permanent court of ar- 
bitration at The Hague. (Art. XI.) 

Treaty with Norway. 

See Sweden and Norway, No. 275. 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 268. 

Tre&ty of friendship and commerce between Denraarlc and Persia. 

SIGNED 30 Nov., 1857, at Paris. Effective from 18 Aug., 1859, for 12 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. VI.) 

TEXT: French, Danske Tr. (1800-63) : 215-8; B, F. S. P. 47:1156-8. 



486 DENMARK AND PORTUGAL. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to : 

(a) Ail prerogatives and immunities accorded to diplomatic 
agents by either country. (Art. II.) 

(h) Treatment of travelers, merchants, manufacturers, and other 
subjects of either country in territories of the other, in all respects. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Duties levied on ships of either country entering or leaving 
ports of the other, or levied by either country on merchandise im- 
ported or exported by subjects of the other; no exceptional tax of 
any kind to be claimed in either countrv under anv pretext. 
(Art. IV.) 

(d) Respect, privileges, and immunities accorded to consuls of 
either country at their place of residence in the other. (Art. V.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Subjects of either country may bring into the other or export 
therefrom all kinds of produce and merchandise, by land or sea, 
and sell, exchange, buy, and transport the same throughout the ter- 
ritories of either nation, it being understood that internal commerce 
is subject to the laws of the country. (Art. III.) ^"" '- ' 

(h) Consuls of either country carrying on commerce in the^omeJ' 
are subject to the same laws and usages as their nationals engaged in 
the same commerce. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 269. 

Coinmercial declaration 'between Denmark and Portugal. 

SIGNED 14 Dec, 1896. at Copenliagexi. Effective until conclusion of a treaty 
of commerce and navigation between the two countries. (Preamble.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 88: 441-5; French and Portuguese (transl.), Por- 
tugal Tr. 10 : 161-2. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) in respect to : 

{a) All duties of any kind payable in Denmark on products of 
Portuguese origin, including colonial merchandise reexported from 
Portugal; so long as Denmark receives in Portugal the treatment 
specified under I h below. (Art. I.) 

{h) All duties of any kind payable in Portugal or adjacent islands 
(Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Azores) on some thirty classes of 
Danish products named in the table annexed to this declaration, in- 
cluding Danish colonial products exported from Denmark; so long 
as Denmark does not increase the duty on cork, or on wines of speci- 
fied strength. (Art. II.) 

(c) All that concerns warehousing, reexportation, and navigation 
in general. (Art. III.) 



DENMARK AND RITMANIA. 487 

II. Exceptions. — The most-favored-nation treatment stipulated in 
Articles II and III (noted under I h and c) gives Denmark no right 
to iuA'oke Portugal's treaties with Spain and Brazil: nor. as regards 
navigation, Portugal's treaties of 11 Dec, 1875.^^^ and 10 Mar., 
1876,^^^^ with the South African Republic and the Orange Free State, 
respectively. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Rumania. 
Xo. 270. 

Convention of commerce and navigation between Denmark and 

Rumania. 

SIGNED 11 Apr., 1910, at Vienna. Ratifications exchanged there 21 June, 
1911. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. VIII.) 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 417-19 ; Martens 92 : 483-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) in regard to: 

{a) Treatment b}" either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to payment of duties or dues. 
(Art. II.) 

{h) Export duties imposed by either country on objects exported 
to the other. (Art. II.) 

{c) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may establish 
for reasons noted below under III h. 

(d) Treatment to be accorded by either country to vessels of the 
other and their cargoes. (Art. VI.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged in general terms with regard to all rights, immunities, ad- 
vantages, and exemptions concerning exercise of commerce and in- 
dustry in either country and all imposts relating thereto, subject to 
specified laws and regulations in matters of commerce, industry, and 
police applying to all foreigners in either countr}^ (Art. I.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Either country may require certificates of origin of merchan- 
dise imported, for customs purposes, or for statistical reasons. (Art. 

III.) 

(b) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions against importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV), ex- 
cept in the following cases applying to all countries in identical cir- 
cumstances : 

(1) Munitions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Reasons concerning internal security of the State. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals or useful plants 
from noxious insects or parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

i<« English. B. F. S. P. 67 : 1256-65. 
108" Ibid. : 745-50. 



488 DENMARK AND RUSSIA. 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or distribution of 
similar articles of domestic production. (Ibid., 4.) 

(5) Merchandise monopolized by the State in either country. 
(Ibid., 5.) 

(c) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. VI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this convention do not ap- 
ply to : 

(a) Favors which Denmark may accord to Sweden or Norway in 
virtue of special customs conventions. (Art. V.) 

(h) Special arrangements which either country may make with 
bordering States regarding frontier traffic. (Ibid.) 

(c) Iceland, Greenland, and Danish Antilles. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Russia.'"' 
No. 271. 

Treaty of comnierce and navigation hetween Denmark and Russia, 

SIGNED 2 Mar., 1895, at St. Petersburg. Duration indefinite, subject to 
termination on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XI.) 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 87 : 390-3 ; Martens 84 : 462-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting any privilege, favor, 
or immunity of any kind which either country may accord to the 
subjects or products of another State in matters concerning customs 
duties on imports or exports by land or sea, or relating to importa- 
tion, exportation, transit, warehousing, reexportation, local dues, 
brokerage, customs tariffs and formalities, navigation, exercise of 
commerce and industry, and acquisition or possession of property 
of all kinds. (Art. I.)*^ 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations legally constituted in either country 
may exercise in the other. (Art. III. ) 

{h) Appointment of consular officers, and all rights, immunities, 
and privileges accord'ed to them in either country. (Art. X.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Any privilege or exemption concerning treatment by either 
country of ships of the other and their cargoes, from whatever place 

^°9 See p. 757, note 195. 



DENMARK AND RUSSIA. 489 

arriving and whatever their destination, and whatever the origin or 
destination of the cargoes (Art. YIII) : except : 

(1) Special advantages which either country may accord to its 
national fisheries and their products. (Ibid., a.) 

(2) Favors which either country may accord to its national mer- 
chant marine. (Ibid., h.) 

(b) Specified military charges and contributions incumbent on pos- 
session of landed property in either country. (Art. II.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to all 
rights and immuniti'es concerning access to courts of justice, and 
emplo3^ment of advocates and other agents therein. (Art. II.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
obligatory judicial, administrative, or municipal functions (except 
guardianship) ; from all personal military service by land or sea, 
and from all imposts, forced loans, and extraordinary military requi- 
sitions and contributions, except quartering of troops and other 
special military contributions, and except charges incumbent on 
possession of landed property in either country. (Art. II.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibition against importation, exportation, or transit by any 
road open to transit, except : H)ii <ji iq'^y/^ 

(1) Articles of State monopoly in either country. 

(2) Exceptional prohibitions resulting frdm measures of public 
health, veterinary police, or public security, and other considerations 
of national importance. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Vessels of eith'er country may load or discharge foreign cargo 
at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting 
trade is excepted. (Art. VIII.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apjply to : 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate local traffic within 15 kilometers of the frontier. (Art. 

v,i.) . _ 

(2) Obligations imposed on either country by engagements of a 
customs union. (Ibid., 2.) n^imn^yu 

(3) Favors which Eussia may accord to residents of the Pro\dnce 
of Archangel regarding importation or exportation, and favors con- 
cerning trade with the north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Denmark's navigation and commerce with Greenland and the 
Danish Antilles. (Art. VI.) 

(5) Special privileges accorded in Danish ports to residents of 
Raumo, Nystads, and Bjorneborg bv act additional to treaty of 
1831.^10 (Art. VII.) 

ii" French. Danske Tr. (1800-63) : 65-7. 



490 DEIs^MAEK AND SI AM. 

(6) The coasting trade of either country, which is reserved tor 
regulation by their respective laws. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) The provisions of Articles I and IV (noted above under I 
and IV h) do not apply to : 

(1) Special stipulations in the treaty of 8 May, 1838,^^^ betw^een 
Russia and Sweden and Norway. (Art. V.) 

(2) Special arrangements regarding commerce with Asiatic coin>- 
tries bordering on Russia. (Ibid.) 

VI. Territorial application. — The provisions of this treaty apply 
also to Iceland and the Faroe Islands, but not to the Danish Antilles, 
nor to Greenland. (Art. VI.) 

Treaty with the Serb- Croat- Slovene State."' 

No. 2 72. 

Declaration between Denmaok and Serbia granting mutually most- 
- favored-nation treatment in respect to commerce, .^.w^ !.*> i^.^\i i.-.i.,. 

SIGNED 30 Nov., 1909, at Vienna. Ratifications exchanged tlierfe 2t^iliie, 
1910. Terminable on one year's notice by either party. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 408 ; Martens 90 : 615. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in all 
that concerns commerce, navigation, industry, and import duties, 
except as noted below. 

II. Exceptions. — This declaration does not apply to : 

(a) Concessions accorded by either country to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic. 

(&) Concessions resulting from a customs union. 
(c) Iceland, Greenland, and the Danish Antilles. 

Treaty with Siam. 
No. 273. 

Treaty of friendship, commerce^ and navigation between Denmark 
and Siam., 

SIGNED 21 May, 1858, at Bangkok. Effective from 15 Feb., 1859, for 12 
years and thereafter subject to revision on 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXIV.) 

TEXT: EngliF.h (antlientic), B. F. S. P. 50:1073-84; Martens 46 (pt. 1) : 
116-26. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to : 

{a) Complete freedom of commerce and navigation of subjects 
and vessels of either country in all ports of the other where trade or 
navigation is allowed to subjects or vessels of anv other countrv. 
(Art. I.) 



" See No. 440. 

"■- See p. 771, note 197. 



DENMARK AND SI AM. 491 

(h) All iDrivilet>es. immunities, powers, and exemptions which 
either country may accord to ccmsular agents. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Siam to the 
Government and subjects of Denmark respecting free and equal par- 
ticipation in any privileges Avhich Siam may grant to the Govern- 
ment, citizens, or subjects of any other nation. (Art. XXIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) /is 
i:)ledged to Danish vessels respecting all privileges and immunities 
which may be granted to, Siamese jor any other vessels. (Ai't. 

-A.\ ill.) '/rolr^J belorr snohaorA m) nmiftl f^T^ 

III. National treatment is pledged by Siam respecting taxation of 
landed property in 'Siam owned b}^ Danish subjects under conditions 
stated. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. ^ 

(a) Protection of persons and property of subjects of either 
country in territories of the. other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Eight of Danish subjects in Siam to free exercise of their 
religion, and right to build churches. (Art. III.) 

(c) Danish subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be registered 
at the Danish consulate in the manner described. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Eight of Danish subjects to reside in Siam within boundaries 
named (and be^^ond these limits by special permission) ; also to trade 
freely and securely in all parts of Siam without interference from 
any monopoly or exclusive privilege of purchase or sale. (Art. V.) 

(e) Right of Danish subjects to buy, sell, lease, or rent lands and 
plantations in Siam, and to rent, buy, or build houses within bound- 
aries named, and subject to conditions stated; also to engage in min- 
ing in an}^ part of Siam, and any kind of manufacturing not con- 
trary to law. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported in Danish 
vessels not to exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. XIX), which shall 
never be increased (Art. XXI). Upon payment of specified import 
and export duties, Danish subjects may freely import into or export 
from Siam to or from any foreign port every kind of merchandise, 
except specified articles subject to restrictions named. (Art. XXI.) 

(g) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to functions of 
Danish consuls (Arts. II, XXII) ; employment of Siamese subjects 
(Art. VI) : passports (Art. VII) ; settlement of disputes between 
Danish and Siamese subjects (Arts. IX, X) ; piracy, or robbery on 
shore (Art. XI) ; arrest of criminals, fugitives, gailors, etc. (Art. 
XII); bankruptcy (Art. XIII); recovery of debts (Art. XIV); 
disposal of property left by subjects of either country dying in the 
other (Art. XV) ; and assistance to ships in distress (Art. XVII). 

(h) General regulations for the conduct of Danish trade in Sianx 
(Annex.) 

(i) Tariff schedules of inland and export duties. (Annex.) ' 



492 DEI«^M ARK A:^D .SPAIN, 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 274. 

Convention for regulation of com-mercial and maritime relq^tipriSj 
between Benniarh and Spain. \<\^^vA-\ 

SIGNED 4 July, 1893. at Madrid. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either 
party.^ (Art. XVII.) 

TEXT: French and Spanish, Spain Tr. 10: 591-606: English (transL), 
B. F. S. P. 85: 86&-72. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) in whatever relates 
to articles of consumption, warehousing, reexportation, transit, trans- 
shipment of merchandise, and commerce in general. (Art. VI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Customs dues payable in either country on imported products 
of the other listed in Tables A and B annexed to this treaty, when 
imported direct by land or sea (Arts. IV, V), including consign- 
ments accompanied by direct bills of lading (Final protocol). 

{h) Treatment of commercial travelers j ourneying in either country 
for firms established in the other, as regards their license. (Art. XIV. ) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) Succession dues payable in either country on property in- 
herited by subjects of the other. (Art. II.) 

{h) Indemnities payable in either country to citizens of the other 
for exceptional military requisitions under conditions stated. 
(Art. III.) 

{c) Octroi dues levied in either country on any merchandise im- 
ported from the other. (Art. VIII.) 

{d) Treatment of ships of either country in ports and waters of 
the other, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, with special reference to dues for lighthouse, tonnage, harbor, 
pilotage, tugs, quarantine, and all other charges on the hull of the 
ship, under whatever name and whether levied for the State by 
public officers, municipalities, or other corporations. (Art. X.) 

{e) Any privilege or favor with respect to berthing, loading, and 
unloading of ships in ports or waters of either country, and all 
formalities and regulations to which merchant vessels, their crews, 
and cargoes are subject. (Art. X.) 

(/) Dues payable by vessels of either country loading or dis- 
charging foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage, but coasting trade is excepted. (Art. XI.) 

{g) Treatment of vessels of either country wrecked on cbasts of 
ihe other, as regards dues and charges for salvage and preservation 
of the ship and cargo. (Art. XIII.) 

•Terminated. See Appendix. 



DENMARK AND SPAIN. 493 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Subjects of either country may dispose of their property in 
the other in any manner, or withdraw their capital from the coun- 
try, and may take possession of inherited property in either country 
by will or otherwise. (Art. II.) 

(h) Citizens of either country shall not be subject in the other to 
any embargo, or to be retained with their ships, crews, carriage, or 
merchandise for any military expedition or any public service, 
without indemnity to interested parties previously agreed on. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Codfish imported direct from a Danish port into Spain need 
not be accompanied by a certificate of origin. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Drawbacks established on export products of either country 
shall not exceed the internal octroi rates levied on said products or 
materials employed in their manufacture. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Merchandise of non-Danish origin imported direct from Den- 
mark into Spain, by sea or land, shall pay in Spain no higher rates 
or imposts than similar merchandise imported by Spanish vessels 
from any other European country not coming direct, Denmark re- 
serving the right to levy similar rates on non-Spanish merchandise!^ 
imported direct from Spain into Denmark, (Art. IX.) 'i 

(/) Exemption of vessels from all tonnage and clearance dues in> 
ports of either country under conditions stated, (xlrt. XII.) 

(g) Assistance to vessels of either country seeking refuge in 
ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. Salvaged merchandise 
is exempt from customs duties unless cleared for consumption in 
the country. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) Eefund by either country of import duties on commercial 
travelers' samples from the other, on compliance with customs regu- 
lations relating thereto. (Art. XIV.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this convention do not apply to : 

(1) The coasting trade and fisheries in jurisdictional waters of 
either country. (Art. XI.) 

(2) Arms and munitions of war. (Art. V.) Jiy lo ajuyiuu-ri 

(h) Most- favored-nation provisions of Articles I-V and ^V" '('noted 
under I a above) do not apply to benefits which may be conceded by 
Spain to Portugal, or by Denmark to Sweden or Norway. (Artji 
XVI.) 

(<?) Most-favored-nation provisions of Article VI (noted under I 
above) do not apply to: aquHw .1 )ff.ji. xis:i.«/>iJ {\>) 

(1) Special concessions which either country may^rantto border- 
ing States to facilitate frontier commerce. (Art. VI.) 

(2) Obligations of either country resulting from a customs agree- 
ment with a neighboring State. (Art. VI.) 



494 DENMAEK AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

V. Application to colonies, etc.^-This convention applies also to 
Iceland, the Faroe Islands, and the Danish West Indian possessions, 
and Articles IV and V (noted under I a above) apply also to the 
Balearic and Canary Islands and the Spanish possessions on the coast 
of Africa. (Final protocol.) 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 275. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation 'between Denmark and Sioeden 
and Noi'way. ' ■ -^'^^ 

SIGNED 2 Nov., 1826, at Stockholm. Effective from 1 Jan., 182^/ fdr 10 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. VIII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 13 : 1040-5 ; Martens 14 : 1071-6 ; Sweden Tr. 
1910 : 620-3 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 45-7. 

I. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Dues for port, tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, salvage, and 
any other dues or charges imposed in ports of either country on ships 
of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Importation and exportation. Any objects of commerces 
which may lawfully be imported into or exported from either coun^ - 
try in its own vessels may likewise be imported or exported in ships 
of the other (except importation of salt, and of Chinese merchandise 
imported direct from ports east of the Cape of Good Hope) with- 
out paying other or higher duties of any kind than when carried in 
national ships. (Arts. II, III.) 

(c) Equal treatment of vessels of either country with regard to 
purchase of imported merchandise. No preference based on na- 
tionality of the vessel shall be given, directly or indirectly, for pur- 
chase of any merchandise lawfully imported, whether carried in 
vessels of either country . (Art. IV.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Vessels of either country and their embarcations must estab- 
lish their nationality as required by law before being entitled to 
the immunities and advantages accorded by this treaty. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Subjects of either country to be exempt in the other from the 
jus detractus. (Separate article.) 

(c) Specified Danish and Swedish boats not exceeding ten Danish 
tons plying between specified towns and customs districts are ex- 
empt from all port and tonnage dues under conditions stated. (Art. 
VI and decl. 25 June, 1869,^^^ ^nd 2 Apr., 1873."^^) 

(d) Danish and SAvedish ships and steamers of whatever size and 
kind, trading between the towns and customs districts named, are to 

ii« French, B. F. S. P. 68: 3 295-6. Not included in Norway Tr., 1914. 
"8a English, B. F. S. P. 75 : 996-7. 



DENMARK AND SWITZERLAND. 495 

be treated on both sides, as regards ships' taxes, tonnage, fire duties, 
and all similar dues to the State (except customs duties), as if 
running between ports of the same country. This arrangement may 
be canceled by either party after six months' notice. (Decl. 5 Aug., 
1879."^) 

III. Territorial application. 

Stipulations of Articles I to IV (noted above under I a^c) do not 
apply to Greenland, Iceland, or the Faroe Islands, nor to colonial 
possessions of either party. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
Xo. 2 76. 

Treaty/ of friendship, commerce ^ and estahlhhm.ent hetween Demnarh 
and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 10 Feb., 1875, at Paris. Effective from 10 July, 1875, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. X.) 

. TEXT: French, Martens 51: 308-10; B. F. S P. 66: 307-10; Danske Tr. 
(1863-79) : 427-32. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regard- 
ing all advantages which either country may accord in matters of 
commerce or customs. (Art. VII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : . 

(a) All duties payable in either country on products of the other, 
with reference to importation, exportation, warehousing, or transit, 
(Art. V.) 

(5) All immunities and priviles^es accorded to. consular officers bv 
either country. (Art. IX.) 

' \g) Duties levied in Denmark 'or Danish colonies (except Green- 
land) on Swiss merchandise imported under the Swiss or Danish 
flags, or under the flag of a most-favored nation. (Art. VI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged to citizens of either country regarding exercise 
of civil rights in the other (including all Danish colonies, except 
Greenland) : with special reference to rights of residence, acquisition 
of property by purchase or inheritance, alienation of movable 
or immovable property, access to courts of justice, exercise of any 
authorized profession, and payment of duties, imposts, etc. (Arts. 
I, II, VII. and addl. art. annexed.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Treatment of Swiss merchandise in case of shipwreck and 
salvage on Danish coasts. (Art. VI.) 

11* English, B. F. S. P. 75 : 997. Not included in Norway Tr., 1914. 



496 DENMARK AND UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 

(b) Obligations of citizens of either country in the other in all 
that concerns quartering of troops and other military contributions 
in kind. (Art. VIII.) 

{c) Laws and usages of either country to which consuls of the 
other must submit in respect of their private and commercial affairs. 
(Art. IX.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Swiss citizens can not settle or exercise commerce in Green- 
land without special authorization from Denmark. (Art. I.) 

(h) Citizens of either countr}^ desiring to settle in the other must 
present certificates of nationality in proper form issued by the com- 
petent authority. (Art. III.) 

{g) Citizens of either country residing in the other, and desiring 
to return to their home country, or when returned by judicial sen- 
tence or police regulations, must be received with their wives and 
children by their native land at all times and in all circumstances. 
(Art. IV.) 

{d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other (except in 
the Danish West Indies) from all military service by land or sea, 
and from all contributions in substitution therefor. (Art. VIII.) 

{e) Danish merchandise to be freely admitted into Switzerland. 
Similarly, Swiss products to be admitted into Denmark and Danish 
colonies (except Greenland), on condition of their being imported in 
Swiss, Danish, or other vessels having open access to Danish ports, 
in which case they pay the same duties and receive the same treat- 
ment as products of the country to which the A^essel belongs. (Art. 
VI.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Denmark with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, Nos. 16 
and 17. 



DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 2 7 7. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween the Dominican Republic 
and Italy and act additional thereto. 

SIGNED 18 Oct., 1886, and 5 Jan., 1889,"" respectively. Effective from 14 
June, 1890, for 10 years and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either 
party. (Art. XXIX.) Denounced by the Dominican Republic on 18 July, 1900, 
but revived by declaration of 15 July. 1903,"® pending conclusion of a new treaty. 
(Italy Tr. 1911, II: 758.) 

TEXT: Italian, Italy Tr. lyil, II: 758-72; Martens 68:663-72; Spanish, 
Dominican Republic Tr. Int. 1896:82-92; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 81; 
150-60. rgiE \^s^). 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights and favors concerning commerce, 
navigation, and consular matters (Art. XXVI) ; except special con- 
cessions or favors which either country may grant by treaties to 
neighboring nations (Addl. act,^^^ Art. VIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to ; 

{a) All articles of commerce which may be lawfully imported into 
or exported from either country in any foreign vessels may likewise 
be imported or exported in Italian or Dominican vessels, from what- 
ever place arriving and for any destination ; except sanitary restric- 
tions to prevent spread of epidemic diseases or destruction of crops 
and restrictions demanded by war contingencies. (Art. V.) 

(b) All duties imposed by either country on importation of prod- 
ucts of the other. (Art. V.) 

{c) All duties payable in either country on exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. V.) 

(d) Facilities for entrance or clearance of each other's steamships 
engaged in periodical service between the two countries (Art. XIII) ; 
except facilities and privileges which either country may grant to 
natives or foreigners who may offer to establish special lines of steam- 
ers, or which are granted by the law regulating maritime commerce 
(Addl. act,^i5 Art. IV). 

{e) Treatment of warships of either country entering and visiting 
ports, rivers, and waters of the other. (Art. XIV.) 

(/) Appointment of consular officers and all powers, preroga- 
tives, immunities, and privileges granted to them by either country. 
(Art. XV.) 

"5 English, B. F. S. P. 81 : 160-2 ; Spanish, Dominican Republic Tr. Int. 1896 : 92-4. 
>i« English, B. F. S. P. 98 : 73-4. : ■/ 

497 



498 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AND ITALY. 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (at claimant's op- 
tion) is reciprocally assured to citizens of either country regarding 
all charges payable on real or personal property in the other. 
(Art. III.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and 
exemptions which either country may grant in matters of commerce, 
navigation, or industry, and all taxes or imposts relating thereto. 
(Arts. I, II.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to: 
(a) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to natives in either country; and right to remain there, subject 
to the laws and regulations in force. (Art. I.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to travel and reside in the 
other ; to conduct business by wholesale or retail in person or other- 
wise in any capacity; to lease and occupy houses, warehouses, and 
shops; transport merchandise and mone}^; receive goods on deposit 
from any source ; and to buy, sell, and Q.x the price of property, mer- 
chandise, and articles of any kind, whether sold at home or exported, 
without paying other charges, taxes, contributions, or imposts than 
native citizens pay, and subject to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Art. II.) ilia iioiavroyismmoy to ^'il'}i3'in iih''{m 

(c) All rights, privileges^' and-coiiditions regarding protection and 
security of persons and property in either country. (Art. III.) 

(d) All duties imposed, and all exemptions, bounties, or draw- 
backs allowed by either country on importation or exportation of any 
articles of commerce, whether carried in vessels of either , nation. 
(Art. Vi) iJfir!Op;i9hfltX3,yd .b3Bpq0it.ip9itijb UA 

(e) Eight of vessels of either country; td unlbad goo^s in ports of 
the other, and payment of duties relating thereto. (Art. VII.) 

(/) All duties for tonnage, harbor, lighthouse, pilotage, quaran- 
tine, and dues of any kind payable by merchant vessels of either 
country in ports of the other, whether collected for the government, 
for public officials, or for communes, corporations, or establishments 
of any kind. (Art. VIII, ) 

(g) All privileges, favors, or advantages granted by either country 
to mercantile vessels and their import or export cargoes, with refer- 
ence to loading and unloading of vessels, and tariffs or charges of 
any kind in ports, docks, rivers, etc., of either country, including 
all formalities or dispositions affecting merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (x\rt. VIII.) 

(h) Assistance and protection from local authorities in' either 
country to citizens and vessels of the other in case of damage or ship- 
wreck. (Art. X.) 



DOMINICAN REPUBI.U' AND ITALY.. 499 

(/) Exercise of civil rights in either country by citizens of the 
other, including right to possess and dispose of property of all kinds 
in any manner whatever, and right to transmit the same or succeed 
thereto by will or otherwise, in accordance with laws of the State to 
which they belong, and payment of taxes or imposts relating thereto. 
(Art. XVi.) 

(;*) Treatment by local authorities in either country of property 
left by deceased nationals of the other, under conditions stated. ( Art'. 
XVIII.) 

{k) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes regarding access to courts 
of justice and judicial procedure relating thereto, including gratui- 
tous judicial assistance in either country to indigent citizens of the 
other. (Art. XX.) 

{I) Support or relief in either country to destitute citizens of the 
other in case of physical or mental illness, until their repatriation 
can be safely effected; but without reimbursement from any public 
fund of the country to which the destitute person belongs. {Kvt. 
XXV.) 

IV. other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service by land or sea ; from all contributions imposed as compensa- 
tion for personal service; from all judicial or municipal functions; 
and from all requisitions and extraordinary contributions, except 
those imposed in respect to landed property. (Art. III.) 

(5) Exemption in either country of vessels, cargoes, merchandise, 
and effects belonging to citizens of the other from embargo or seizure 
for military expeditions, or for any public service whatever, without 
indemnity paid as agreed in advance. (Addl. act',^^^ Art. II.) 

(c) Exemption of goods of any kind passing to or from either 
country from all transit duties in the other. (Art. V.) 

{d) Neither State to grant monopolies which may injure the com- 
merce of the other, except government monopolies of either country, 
and introduction or application of patents for inventions. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Consular supervision of salvage operations in case of damaged 
or shipwrecked vessels. (Art. X.) 

(/) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country to 
be recognized by the other if carrying ship's papers required by law. 
(Art. XII.) 

{g) Local authorities to assist consuls in administration of estates 
of deceased nationals. (Arts. XVII, XVIII.) 

(A) In case of rupture or war between the two countries citizens 
of either may remain and continue their business Or industry in the 
other so long as they conform to the laws concerning security of the 

115 English, B. F. S. P. 81 : 160-2; Spanish, Dominican Republic Tr. Int. 1896:92-4. 
54083— 22— .33 



500 .DOMINICAN KEPUBLIC AND ITALY. 

State. In case of expulsion for transgression of such laws, they are 
allowed six months to wind up their affairs and retire with their 
families and property. (Art. XXVII.) 

(^) The Dominican Government undertakes to ascertain that 
proposed agreements engaging Italian emigrants for service in the 
Republic are fair and scrupulously carried out, and to see that the 
transport, landing, and settling of such emigrants are conducted 
with humanity and in accordance with rules of hygiene and safety; 
also to punish severely those who in any way deceive or ill-treat 
these emigrants, and to help them secure proper damages from the 
responsible party. (Addl. act,^^^ Art. IX.) 

(j) Detailed provisions relating to voluntary engagements of 
sailors for completion of crews (Art. XI) ; validity in both coun- 
tries of judicial sentences and ordinances respecting civil and com- 
mercial matters, and of all notarial acts, on condition of conforming 
to the procedure described (Arts. XXI-XXIII) ; and arbitration 
of controversies respecting interpretation, execution, or violation 
of this treaty (Art. XXVIII). 

V. Exceptions. — Stipulations for reciprocal national treatment of 
vessels of either country engaged in commercial operations in the 
other, noted above under III, do not apply to the coasting trade of 
either country, which is reserved for their own vessels and for regu- 
lation by their respective laws. (Addl. act,"^ Art. III.) 

"5 English, B. F. S. P. 81:160-2; Spanish, Dominican Republic Tr. Int. 1896:92-4. 



ECUADOR. 

Treaties with Belgium to Colombia. 

Treaties of Ecuador with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 
Belgium, No. 97. 
Bolivia, No. 128. 
Colombia, No. 245. 

Treaty with France. 

No. 278. 

C onvention of conivierce and navigation 'between Ecuador and 

France. 

^'.SIGNED 30 May, 1898, at Quito. Ratifications exchanged there 14 Jan., 
1903. Terminable on 12 months' notice by e'ther party. (Art. III.) 
TEXT : French, France Tr. 1 : 741-2 ; B. F. S. P. 92 : 1040-1. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally guaranteed in re- 
gard to : 

(«) Establishment of nationals of either country in the other, with 
special reference to exercise of commerce and industries. (Art. I.) 

(J) All matters of commerce and navigation, with special ref- 
erence to importation, exportation, and transit (Art. I) ; except the 
coasting trade of both countries, which is reserved for regulation by 
their respective laws. (Art. II.) 

{c) All that concerns customs duties and commercial operations in 
either country. (Art. I.) 

{^d) Payment of taxes connected with any of the forementioned 
matters. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Germany. 

No. 279. 

Treaty of friendship hetween Ecuador and Germany. 

• SIGNED 28 Mar., 1887, at Berlin. Effective from 29 Mar., 1888, for 10^ 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. lY.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 191-2 ; Spanish, Ecuador Tr. 2:5-8; English; 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 78 : 95-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights and favors which either country may 
grant to any third power in all that relates to commerce and navi- 

501 



502 ECUADOR AND JAPAN. 

gation, or to consular and industrial matters ; except facilities which 
either country may grant exclusively to bordering States for the 
purpose of promoting the frontier traffic. (Art. II.) 

XL Other provisions. — Both countries reserve the right not to 
admit, or to expel, in accordance with their respective laws, persons 
who by their manner of life or conduct may be considered prejudicial. 
(Art. III.) ^'^ 

Treaty with Italy. 

No. 280. 

Treaty of commerce and nai'igatioii hefiree)! Ecuador and Itali/^ and-. 
convention additional^ thereto. 

TREATY signed 12 Aug., 1900. at Quito. Addifoiial convention signed 26 
Feb., 1911.'" Effective from 28 June, 1906, indefinitely, subject to termination 
on 12 months' notice by either party. (Treaty of 1900, Art. III.) 

TEXT: Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1:353-5; Martens 84:408-9; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 101:371. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

(a) All that concerns establishment of each other's nationals in all 
matters of commerce and navigation (Art. I) ; except the coasting 
trade of both countries, which is reserved for regulation by their 
respective laAvs. (Art. II.) 

(6) All matters concerning importation, exportation, and transit 
of merchandise. (Art. I.) 

(c) All that relates to customs duties, commercial operations, exer- 
cise of trade and industrv, and payment of taxes relating thereto. 
(Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. — Italian sparkling wines to pay in Ecuador 
one-half the customs duties imposed on champagne, and one-half of 
any additional surcharges. (Addl. conv. of 1911."^) 

Treaty with Japan. 

No. 281. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetween Ecuador and 

Japan. 

SIGNED 26 Aug., 1918, at Washington. Ratifications exchanged there 31 
Mar., 1919. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XV.) 
TEXT: English (authentic) and Spanish, .Japan Tr. 1918:600-10. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment (as defined) is reciprocally but 
conditionally pledged in general terms with regard to any favor, 
privilege, or immunity which either country may grant to citizens 
of any European or American nation in matters relating to com- 
merce, navigation, industry, and travel or residence in territories 
of either country. (Art. IV.) 

«7 English, B. F. P. S. 105 : 971. 



ECUADOR AND JAPAN. 503 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

(a) Appointment of consular officers, and all rights, privileges, 
exemptions, or immunities accorded by either country to diplomatic 
and consular officers, (Art. II.) 

(h) Eight to enter freely and securely, with ships and cargoes, all 
places, ports, rivers, and straits, and to reside at all places and ports 
open to foreigners in territories of either country. (Art. III.) 

(c) All that relates to pursuit of industries, callings, professions, 
and educational studies in either country, in all respects. (Art. III.) 

(d) Acquisition and possession of property of all kinds, real or 
personal, on condition of reciprocity, and subject to conditions and 
limitations prescribed by law in either country. (Art. III.) 

(e) Duties imposed by either country on importation of products 
of the other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, re- 
exportation, or transit. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Duties or charges imposed by either country on exportation 
of any article to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(g) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against importa- 
tion or transit of products of the other, or against exportation of any 
articles to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(A) All that relates to transit, warehousing, bounties, facilities, 
drawbacks, reexports, and transit duties. (Art. VII.) 

(i) Duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, harbor, pilot- 
age, quarantine, salvage, and all similar duties or charges of what- 
ever nature, no matter by whom or how levied, imposed in any of 
the ports, rivers, or straits of either country on ships of the other. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(j) Any favors or privileges which either country may concede in 
respect of its coasting trade. (Art. IX.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to any forced loans or military 
requisitions and contributions incumbent on possession or occupation 
of immovable property in either country. (Art. XIV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Disposal in any manner of all kinds of property lawfully ac- 
quired in either country, including export of proceeds if sold, and 
all duties relating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(h) Exemption of dwellings and other premises used for lawful 
purposes for domiciliary visits or search, and of books, papers, or 
accounts from inspection or examination, except under conditions 
and with legal forms prescribed by the laws for native citizens. 
(Art. V.) 



504 ECUADOR AND MEXICO. 

(c) All rights and privileges concerning administration of jus- 
tice, with special reference to security and protection of persons and 
property and access to courts, in person or otherwise. (Art. XII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country may hire and occupy houses, fac- 
tories, warehouses, shops, and premises in the other, and lease land 
for residential, commercial, industrial, and other lawful purposes; 
also carry on commerce and manufacture, and trade by wholesale 
or retail in all kinds of merchandise of lawful commerce. (Art. III.) 

(h) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
laws and regulations of each country. (Art. X.) 

(c) Subjects and merchant vessels of either country shall be sub- 
ject in the other to the laws and jurisdiction of the latter, except in 
matters relating exclusively to the internal discipline of merchant 
vessels of either country in ports or territorial waters of the other. 
(Art. XI.) 

(d) Citizens of either country to enjoy in the other complete 
liberty of conscience, right of private or public exercise of religious 
worship, and right of burial according to religious customs in suit- 
able and convenient places established and maintained for the pur- 
pose, subject to the laws and regulations in force. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Limited liability and other commercial, industrial, and finan- 
cial companies and associations duly constituted in either country 
are authorized to exercise their rights in the other conformably to 
its laws, with special reference to actions in courts of justice. (Art. 
XIII.) 

V. Exceptions. — The coasting trade of both countries is excepted 
from the provisions of this treaty; but most-favored-nation treat- 
ment is reciprocally pledged in respect thereof. (Art. IX.) 

Treaty with Mexico. 

■ -i.;-: ij No. 282. .,'.^ -i^, -^m; -..-r,: ^ 

Treaty of friendship-^" hoTfinkerce, and navigation 'hetween Ecuador 
and Mexico. 

SIGNED 10 July, 1888, at Washington. Ratifications exchanged 26 Nov., 
1890. Effective for 10 years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice 
by either party. (Art. XI.) ; ; . 

TEXT : Spanish. Mexico Tr. 1 : 193-212 ; Martens 68 : 750-3 ; English (transl.), 
B. F. S. P. 79 : 144-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing all rights and privileges in regard to: 

{a) Acquisition of landed properly and of literary rights. (Art. 

n,i.) ^ ■■" ' ^^ [,' ;T] 

(b) Exemption from personal service, military, naval, or other. 
(Art. 11,2.) 



ECUADOR AND MEXICO. 505 

(c) Payment of import, export, and transit duties; also port dues, 
such as lighthouse, tonnage, anchorage, pilotage, etc. (Art. II, 3.) 

(d) Trading and shipping in the cities, ports, rivers, or other 
places of either country. (xVrt. II, 4.) 

(e) Privileges, favors, and exemptions extended by either country 
to envoys, ministers, and public agents. (Art. III.) 

(/) Rights, privileges, and immunities conceded by either country 
to consular officers. (Art. IV.) 

(g) Honors, advantages, privileges, and exemptions accorded by 
either countr}^ to warships. (Art. VIII.) 

(A) All privileges other than those noted under I Or-d above con- 
ceded to the citizens of either country by its treaties with other 
nations. (Art. II, 5.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Travel and residence in any part of either country. (Art. 

I, i.) 

(h) Civil rights relating to persons and properties, such as buying 
and selling, exercising trades or professions, leaving property in suc- 
cession, and conducting judicial business, personally or by attorney. 
(Art. I, 2.) 

(c) Patents for inventions, labels, trade-marks, and drawings. 
(Art. I, 3.) 

(d) Payment of duties, taxes, imposts, and all manner of dues. 
(Art. I, 4.) 

(e) Treatment, trial, and punishment of citizens of either country 
taking part in the civil wars or internal politics of the other. (Art. 
VI.) 

(/) Ail other matters in which the law of the country puts for- 
eigners on a level with natives. (Art. I, 5.) 

Ille Other provisions. 

(a) Diplomatic representatives of either nation not to intervene 
officially in questions within the province of the civil or criminal 
courts, except in case of denial of justice or delay in administering 
same, or in case of evident violation of existing treaties or of inter- 
national law, public or private. (Art. Ill, 2.) 

(h) Both Governments decline responsibility for damage, oppres- 
sions, or exactions suffered by citizens of either country in the other 
from insurgents during revolution, civil war, etc. ; except in case of 
default or negligence of governmental authorities. (Art. Ill, 3.) 

(c) Eights of succession to movable property of citizens of either 
country in the other shall be determined by authorities of the country 
where the goods may be, but according to laws of the State to which 
the deceased belonged. (Art. V, 2.) 



506 EGYPT. 

(d) Both countries may refuse to admit, or may expel in accord- 
ance with their respective laws, individuals who on account of their 
evil conduct may be considered pernicious. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 283. 

Treaty of friendship^ esfahlishment, and commerce hetween Ecuador 
and Sioitzerland. 

SIGNED 22 June, 1888, at Paris. Effective from 21 Oct., 1889, until 13 July, 
1899, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. Modi- 
fications not inconsistent with the spirit and principles of the treaty may be 
introduced at any time by mutual agreement as experience mav suggest. (Art. 
V.) 

TEXT: French and German. IMartens 67:177-8: French, B. F. S. P. 79: 
261-3. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights and advantages relating to commerce 
and navigation, consular matters, establishment of each other's na- 
tionals, exercise of commercial and industrial professions, and (sub- 
ject to observing the laws and established customs of the country) in 
all that concerns burials, cemeteries, and freedom of religious belief 
in either country, except special favors which either nation may ac- 
cord exclusively to bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. 
(Art. II.) 

II. Other provisions. — Both countries reserve the right to expel, or 
not to admit, persons who because of pernicious antecedents or con- 
duct may be considered dangerous. (Art. III.) 

EGYPT. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Russia. 

Treaties of Eg^pt have been previously dealt with in this volume 
under British Empire. 



ETHIOPIA (ABYSSINIA). 

Treaties with America, United States of, to British Empire. 

Treaties of Ethiopia Avith the followiiifr countries have been pre- 
vioiisl}^ dealt ^vith in this vohime under : 
America, United States of, Xo. 19. 
Austl'ia-Hungarv, Xo. TO. 
Belgium, Xo. 99. 
Great Britain (under British Empire), Xo. 153. 

Treaty with Germany. 
Xo. 284. 

Treaty of friendship and cornraerce hetween Ethiopia (Ahyssinia) 
and Germany. 

SIGNED 7 Mar., 1905, at Addis Abbaba. Effective from 16 June, 1906. for 
10 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. YI.) 

TEXT: German. Hdv. 1906:8-10: English (transl.) B. F. S. P. 98:414-16. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged by either 
country to the subjects and protected persons of the other with re- 
gard to all rights, advantages, and privileges which either party may 
confer on the subjects of any third State, especially as regards cus- 
toms duties, internal taxes, and jurisdiction, (Art. III.) 

II. National or. most-favored-nation treatment (optional). — Ger- 
man subjects and protected persons in Abyssinia are to have the right 
of using telegraphic, postal, and other means of communication on 
the same conditions and for the same fees as natives or subjects of 
a third State. (Art. lY.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(ff) Subjects and protected persons of either country are to enjoy" 
in the other full liberty of residence, travel, commerce, and industry. 
(Art. I.) 

(&) Security of person and property is promised by either country 
to the subjects and protected persons of the other. (Art. II.) 

(c) Right of either country to appoint properly authorized rep- 
resentatives in the other, who may at all times visit every part of 
the country. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Great Britain. 

See No. 153. 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Ethiopia with the United States have been previously- 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 19. 

507 



FINLAND. 

Treaty with France. 
No. 285. 

C ommercial convention hetiueen t'inland and France. 

SIGNED 13 July, 1921, at Paris. Effective from 21 July, 1921, for one year, 
and tliereafter by tacit renewal for periods of thre months, unless denounced 
by either party six months before the end of the first year, or two months 
before expiration of each subsequent three-monthly period. (Art. 22.) 

TEXT : French and Finnish, Fmlauds Forfattningssamling 1921, No. 187. 

I. Most-favored-natioB treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged (subject to exceptions noted below under N a^c) with 
regard to any favor, privilege, or reduction of duties which either 
country may accord to another power respecting dues for octroi, 
excise, and all accessory and local duties on importation, exportation, 
reexportation, transit, and warehousing of any merchandise, whether 
mentioned or not in this convention; or concerning transshipment 
of merchandise and fulfillment of customs formalities. (Art. 12.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) Ail duties, taxes, surtaxes, or augmentations thereof which 
Finland may impose, under whatever name, on importation of 
products originating in and coming from France or French col- 
onies and possessions; or on importation of coffee, tea, spices, to- 
baccos, cotton, wool, silks, and rubber of whatever origin when im- 
ported into Finland from any country by French commercial houses . 
entered on the commercial register of France. (Art. 1, and List D.) 

ifi) All duties, taxes, surtaxes, or augmentations thereof payable 
in France or French colonies and possessions, under whatever name, 
on importation of specified Finnish products when imported from 
Finland. (Art. 3, and List B.) 

(c) All duties and taxes payable on exportation of products ex- 
ported from territories of either country to territories of the other. 
(Art. 5.) 

{d) Any prohibition which either country may impose or main- 
tain, even temporarily, against importation of products of any kind 
originating in and coming from the other, (Art, 8.) 

(e) Application of conditions concerning official price control. 
Whenever either party may subject importation or exportation of 
certain products or merchandise to price control by governmental 
508 



FINLAND AND FRANCE. 509 

authority, the conditions applicable to the other party shall be the 
most favorable applied to any third power or its nationals. (Art. 9.) 

(/) Treatment of nationals of either country in the other, with 
special reference to payment of duties, taxes, and imposts, under 
whatever name. (Art. 19.) 

(g) Eights which civil, commercial, and insurance companies and 
associations duly constituted in either country may exercise in the 
other in accordance with laws of the latter; with special reference 
to access to tribunals, and payment of duties, taxes, and imposts, 
under whatever name. (Art. 20.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with reference to railway rates and accessory 
charges to be applied by either country to merchandise imported or 
exported in accordance with provisions of Articles 1-9 of this con- 
vention. (Art. 10.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) All matters concerning consumption duties in either country. 
(Art. 12.) 

(b) Treatment of citizens of either country attending fairs or 
markets in the other to exercise their commerce or sell their products ; 
with special reference to payment of taxes. (Art. 18.) 

(c) Duties, taxes, and imposts payable, under whatever name, by 
civil, commercial, and insurance companies or associations of either 
country on their establishments and operations in the other. (Art. 
20.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) The reductions specified in Finland's order of 15 Mar., 1921, 
are assured to a long list of products originating in and coming from 
France or French colonies and possessions. But food products and 
raw materials enumerated in List D of this convention are entitled 
to these reductions only when accompanied by certificates of origin 
certifying that they were produced in territories placed under French 
authority. (Art. 2, and List A.) 

(h) Products originating in and coming from Finland enumerated 
in List C annexed to this convention, when imported into France or 
French colonies and possessions, are entitled to the reductions indi- 
cated in said list, based on percentages to be applied as described. 
(Art. 4.) 

(c) Reductions of export taxes imposed by Finland on wood pulp, 
cellulose, and hair of animals exported to France or French colonies 
and possessions. (Art. 5.) 

(d) Extensive and detailed stipulations by which Finland agrees 
to buy from France all wines and spirits required for lawful con- 
sumption, except certain specialties not produced in France. The 
Finnish social ministry shall establish a department where French 



510 FINLAND AND FRANCE. 

producers and merchants may exhibit or submit samples of their 
products. Whatever regime ma}^ be adopted in Finland for importa- 
tion of spirits and wines, persons and institutions authorized to sell 
these products to the Finnish public, or to employ them for indus- 
trial, pharmaceutical, scientific, or technical purposes, shall always 
have the right to demand that their requirements of said products be 
supplied by French houses clesignated by them. (Art. 6.) 

(e) Any import or export prohibitions which either party may 
establish shall be applied so as to inflict the least possible injury on 
the commercial relations between the two countries. Merchandise 
originating in and coming from France or French colonies and pos- 
sessions, when imported into Finland for warehousing and reexporta- 
tion to bordering countries, is exempt from all import or export pro- 
hibitions or restrictions and from all import and export duties, and 
is subject to no special tax other than those imposed on warehoused 
merchandise destined for consumption in Finland. (Art. 7.) Never- 
theless, import and export prohibitions shall be applicable to mer- 
chandise imported or exported under conditions above stated when 
occasioned by considerations of : 

(1) Security of the State. 

(2) Sanitary police, or to protect animals and plants from epi- 
zootic and epiphytic diseases. (Art. 7.) 

(/) Products of either country imported into territories of the 
other and destined for warehousing or transit shall be exempt from 
all customs duties and internal dues, except taxes or charges for 
stamping, registration, statistics, etc. (Art. 11.) 

(g) In order to reserve the benefits of this convention for their 
respective products and to prevent fraud by indirect transportation, 
certificates of origin may be required by either country to accompany 
merchandise imported into its territory, as described in detail. (Art. 
13.) 

(A) Each country undertakes to adopt all necessary measures to 
protect products of the other from all unfair competition in com- 
mercial transactions, and to prohibit and suppress by seizure and 
other appropriate remedies the importation, warehousing, exporta- 
tion, manufacture, distribution, or sale in its territory of all goods 
bearing marks or descriptions calculated to convey a false indica- 
tion of origin, tj^pe, nature, or special characteristics of such goods. 
(Art. 15.) 

(i) For the protection of indications of origin, both countries un- 
dertake to observe all provisions of the act of Madrid of 14 April^ 
1891, and to respect each other's laws and decisions duly communi- 
cated by the proper authorities defining or regulating the right to 
regional appellations (as defined in detail) for all products deriv- 



FINLAND AND lU'SSIA. 511 

ing tlieir special qualities from the soil or climate, or defining- the 
conditions under which a regional appellation may be authorized; 
and further undertake to prohibit the importation, warehousing, ex- 
portation, manufacture, distribution, or sale of articles bearing re- 
gional appellations contrary to such laws and decisions. (Art. 16.) 

(;) Both countries undertake to give effective application to speci- 
fied international conventions for protection of industrial property, 
and of literary and artistic works. (Art. 17.) 

(k) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning exemption of 
commercial travelers' samples from customs duties in either country, 
subject to laws and regulations relating thereto. Merchants, manu- 
facturers, and their commercial travelers of either country must be 
provided with a legitimation certificate in the form prescribed. 
(Art. 18.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Most-favored-nation provisions of Articles 1-14 (noted above 
under I. and I Or-e) do not exclude the preferential regime which 
either party may accord to frontier traffic within a zone 15 kilo- 
meters wide. (Art. 14.) 

[h) France can not claim the benefit of any customs preference or 
facilities of any kind which Finland may accord to Esthonia in order 
to conserve its traditional exchanges with that country. (Ibid.) 
. (c) Finland can not claim the benefit of preferential advantages 
which France may accord through economic unions to bordering 
countries. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Russia. 
No. 286. 

Treaty of peace between Finland and Soviet Russia. 

SIGNED 14 Oct., 1920, at Dorpat. Ratified by the Soviet Goverument 23 
Oct., 1920. No time limit stated ; but the temporary commercial provisions 
of Art. XXXII mav be terminated bv either partv on six months' notice. (Ai-t. 
XXXII. ) 

TEXT: English (transl.), Soviet Russia, 15 Jan., 1921:68-72. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
regard to: 

(a) Eights and privileges of Finnish citizens and companies (as 
defined) in regard to their property in Kussia, and regarding their 
claims and other demands from the Russian State or its State institu- 
tions. (Art. XXVIII.) 

(6) Treatment of each other's citizens engaged in the rafting of 
timber in waters flowing from either country into or through the 
other as far as the sea. (Art. XXI.) 

((?) Charges which either country may impose on vessels of the 
other and their cargoes for use of its ports and harbor establishments, 



512 FINLAND AND RUSSIA. 

or for navigating through its territorial and inland waters, rivers, 
and canals, except traffic by coastal craft (as defined) and fishing 
vessels. (Art. XXXII, 6.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged regarding freight rates and fees payable on goods of either 
country in transit or transported on State railroads or State ships 
of the other under conditions stated. (Art. XXXII, 2.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged as follows : 

(a) Eussia grants Finnish trading and freight vessels unhindered 
passage on the Neva River between the Gulf of Finland and the 
Ladoga on the same conditions as Russian vessels, on condition of 
their not transporting war materials or military supplies. (Art. 
XVII.) 

(h) Russian trade and passenger vessels are allowed free passage 
in all channels of traffic within Finnish territorial waters open to 
Finnish vessels on condition of complying with by-law regulations 
for foreign vessels. (Art. XXXII, 6.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Extensive and detailed stipulations relating to fishing rights 
in specified territorial waters (Art. VII) ; free passage and trans- 
port of goods between Russia and Norway (Art. VIII) ; neutraliza- 
tion of the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic and of specified islands 
therein (Arts. XII-XV). 

(h) Provisions concerning appointment of mixed committees and 
formulation of agreements to deal with customs inspection, fishing, 
passports, frontier trade, transportation and rafting of timber, re- 
newal of economic relations, railroad traffic, postal and telegraphic 
communication, and diplomatic and consular relations between the 
two countries. (Arts. XIX-XXI, XXXI-XXXVIL) 

{c) Prohibitive measures concerning import, export, or transit are 
allowed only to the extent required by legislation concerning public 
safety, public health, alcoholic liquors, and adjustment of the eco- 
nomic life of the country. (Art. XXXII, 4.) 

(d) Both parties reserve the privilege of subjecting certain com- 
mercial and industrial fields to a monopoly. (Ibid., 5.) 

(e) Finnish raw materials, home industry, and manufacture are, 
when exported to Russia, freed from all customs and other import 
duties. (Ibid., 7.) 



FRANCE. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Finland. 

Treaties of France with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 



China, Nos. 229 and 230. 
Colombia, No. 246. 
Costa Rica, No. 254. 
Czechoslovakia, Nos. 257 and 258. 
Denmark, No. 260. 
Ecuador, No. 278. 
Finland, No. 285. 



America, United States of, Nos. 

20 and 21. 
Argentina, No. 55. 
Austria, No. 63. 

Austria-Hungary, Nos. 71 and 72. 
Belgium, No. 100. 
Bulgaria, No. 210. 
Canada (under British Empire), 

No. 201. 

Treaty with Germany. 

See Treaty of Versailles, No. 314. 

Treaties with Great Britain. 

See Nos. 154 to 163. 

Treaty with Greece. 

No. 287. 

Eocchange of notes tetioeen France and Greece concerning commercial 
relations and industrial property. 

EXCHANGED 20 Feb., 1891, at Athens. Arrangement extended by agree- 
ments of 20 Jan., 28 July, 16 Dec, 1892.^'* 

TEXT : French, France Tr. II : 610 ; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912 : 
296-301. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) to the citizens, vessels and merchan- 
dise of either country, with regard to importation, exportation and 
transit, and generally in all matters concerning commercial opera- 
tions, exercises of commerce and industry, and payment of taxes and 
other imposts ; with special reference to customs tariffs and protection 
of industrial property. (Art. 1.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Exemption of French wines from duties imposed by Article 
144 of the Greek tariff of 1887. (Art. 2.) 

( 1) ) Reduction of 75 per cent from Greek import duties is accorded, 
to specified French fabrics. (Art. 3.) 

{g) Reduction of 50 per cent from Greek import duties is accorded 
to French velvets, specified silk fabrics, and perfumes. (Art. 4.) 

118 French, France Tr. II : 609-10 ; French and Greek, Greece Tr. 1912 : 300—5. 

.518 



514 PEANCE AND HONDURAS. 

III. Exceptions. 

The fishing industry and coasting trade of both countries remain 
subject to their respective hiws. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Haiti. 
No. 288. 

Commercial convention between France and Haiti. 

SIGNED 30 Jan., 1907, at Port au Prince. Ratifications exchanged 23 Oct., 
1907, at Paris. Effective until 23 Nov., 1910, and thereafter until terminated by 
six months' notice from either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. II : 628-33 ; B. F. S. P. 100 : 911-13. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows : 

i^a) Haitian products listed in Table A annexed to this convention 
are to be admitted into France and Algeria at the lowest tariff rates 
applicable to similar products of any other foreign origin. (Art. I.) 

ih) Reciprocally, products of France and Algeria listed in Table B 
annexed to this convention are to be admitted by Haiti at a reduc- 
tion of 33^ per cent from the import duties or charges provided in 
the Haitian minimum tariff, as fixed bv the law of 6 Sept., 1906. 
(Art. II.) 

(c) Both countries undertake to concede to each other the benefit 
of any advantage or tariff reduction which either may accord to any 
third power with regard to any of the articles listed in Tables A 
and B annexed to this convention. (Art. V.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) French wines imported in casks pay one-fifth of the existing 
duty, while champagne and sparkling wines pay one-third, (Art. 

(J) Detailed provisions respecting certificates of origin and pro- 
cedure relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Haiti undertakes not to increase during the life of this con- 
vention the principal tariff duties on French articles listed in Table B, 
nor those applying to French wines of any origin, nor the tonnage 
duties. (Art. Y.) 

Treaty with Honduras. 

No. 289. 

C onimercial convention between France and Honduras. 

SIGNED 11 Feb., 1902, at Tegucigalpa. Ratifications exchanged 21 Mar., 
1905, at Paris. Duration indefinite. Subject to termination on 12 months' 
notice by either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. II : 649-50 ; B. F. S. P. 95 : 1003-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regard- 
ing customs duties which either country may impose on importation 
of products of the other ; except that Honduras may give preference 
to products of other Central- American Eepublics. (Arts. I, II.) 



FRANCE AND JAPAN. _ 515 

II. Other provisions. — Certificates of origin to be vises by the 
respective consuls free of consular fees. (Art. III.) 

III. Application to colonies, etc. — This convention applies to 
Algeria, the French colonies and possessions, and the protectorates of 
Indo-China and Tunis. (Arts. I, II.) 

Treaty with Hungary. 
See Treaty of Trianon, No. 355. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 290. 
Commercial viodus vivendi^ established hy exchange of notes he- 
ticeen France and Italy. 

SIGNED 21 Nov., 1898, at Paris. Made operative by French decree of 7 
Feb., 1899, and Italian decree of 11 Feb., 1899. Terminable on three months' 
notice by either party.'' (France Tr. II, 760, footnote.) 

TEXT: French, France Tr. 11:760-2; Clercq 21:448-9; B. F. S. P. 101: 
317-18 ; Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 391-402. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding 

customs treatment of each other's products (except silk and silk 

goods). ' .' 

Treaty with M^i^. 

No. 291. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hettveen France and Japan. 

SIGNED 19 Aug., 1911. Effective from 29 Feb., 1912, for 10 years, and 
thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party ; except that Article 
V (regarding import and export duties) is terminable at any time on 12 
months' notice (Art. XX), and except also provisions of annexed protocol re- 
garding termination of certain articles on 5 months' notice under conditions 
Btated (Protocol, Arts. Ill, IV). 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 4-15 ; Japan Tr. 1918 : 221-35 ; B. F. S. P. 
105:601-12. - "" ' 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally "and uncondi- 
tionally pledged respecting all privileg^^s, favors, or immunities 
which either party may accord in any matters concerning commerce, 
navigation, or industry. (Art. XVII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally'' pledged in 
regard to: -"^^ '.^'^ /'' 

(a) Exercise of industry, trades, or professions, and pursuit of 
scientific studies or investigations in either country. (Art. I, 3.) 

(h) Conditions or restrictions concerning acquisition and posses- 
sion of property of all kinds, movable or immovable, on condition 
of reciprocity. (Art. I, 5.) 

(c) Forced loans and "exceptional military contributions incumbent 
on possession of landed property in either country. (Art. I, 7.) 

(d) Right to enter with ships and cargoes all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce, subject to the laws of the country. 
(Art. III.) 

» To tenninate 1 Mar., 1922. See Appendix. 
54083—22 34 



516 FRANCE AND JAPAN. 

(e) Import duties levied by either country on products of the 
other. (ArtV.) ^ ,-ii.li;I 

(/) Export duties levied byv^it^er..^cp^iint^y ^|}j|g.erchandise ex- 
ported to the other. (Art. V.) ;^.,^ ^ •,. r , 'u 

(g) Exceptional prohibitions or restrictions which either country 
may impose on imports, exports, or transit of merchandise, as noted 
under IV c below. (Art. VI.) 

(A) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
or commercial travelers from the other. (Art. IX.) 

(i) All facilities, privileges, and immunities granted in territorial 
waters of either country to vessels charged with a regular postal 
serAdce of either part}^ whether State-owned or subsidized by the 
State for the purpose. (Art. XIV.) 

(j) Any rights or privileges which either nation may grant in 
respect to its coasting trade. (Art. XV.) 

XL National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to: ,^.^.^| mmn^frnmYnlfsoWi 

(a) All imposts, taxes, charges, or contributions of any kind 
imposed in either country on citizens of the other. (Art. I, 8.) 

(h) Internal duties of excise, octroi,, or consumption, imposed by 
the State or by communes or corporations in either country. These 
must not bear more heavily on imported products of the other 
country than on similar articles of domestic or foreign production. 
(Art. VII.) 

(c) All duties for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, light- 
house, quarantine, and similar duties or charges under whatever 
name, imposed in the territorial waters of either nation on ships of 
the other, from whatever place arriving^ and whatever their destina- 
tion. (Art. XIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
regarding all rights, favors, liberties, immunities, and exemptions 
in matters of commerce and navigation, in all places, ports, and 
waters of either nation open to foreign commerce, subject to the laws 
of the country. (Art. III.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Travel and residence in either country and trading in all 
articles of lawful commerce, singly or join.tlY .witl^ nationals or other 
foreigners. (Art. I, 1-2.) ',V ^J_".v,/ "i ^,;^f a %^ ,,^., 

(h) Disposal of propert^^ by sale, gift, marriage, testament, or any 
other manner, including export of proceeds if solcL and all duties 
relating thereto. (Art. I. 5.) . ,-,.,,.,p 



FRANCE AND JAPAN. 517 

(c) Protection of persons arid property,; ac(^ess to courts of justice 
in person ot otherwise, and generall}^ all rights land privileges con- 
cerning administration of justice., (Art. I, 6.) ' ' ' • ^' ' 

(d) Exemption of dwellings aiiil other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination; except under conditions and with legal form^ ap- 
pl3nng to citizens of the country. (Art. JI.) ,-, 

(e) Imports and exports. All articles wliicn maybe legall}^ im- 
ported into, or exported from, either country in its own vessels may 
likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, from whatever 
place arriving and for any destination, without paying other or 
higher duties or charges of whatever, kind, and subject to the same 
bounties or drawbacks, as 'when carried in national vessels. 
(Aft. X.) ^''■'- ■' '■ •■■'■/ '■'''^'- ■' y' ^^ -;^"--; V.'^'^ 

(/) Any privileges or facilities m matters concerning the station- 
ing, loading, or unloading of vessels in territorial waters of either 
country. (Art. XL) m ,^a;^...i. 

Iv. Other provisions. , •,! .^ . 

(a) Citizens of either country are exeinpt in the oilier from alj 
compulsory militar}^ service by land or sea, and from all contribu- 
tions, except those incumbent on Dosse^sion, of , landed propertv. 
/A i T ^ \ i^^xoiTiTft a biiK 7. >/)idj!l fii Dei-tiiimUiyeiu lo nionbotrf 
(Art. 1, 7.j ^^.^ ,_^ ^ . ,^_ _^.^ _ f,..,„i .,..,., !._,,...„,: .. : ..,., 

(h) Stock companies and otlier commercial, industrial, or finan- 
cial associations duly constituted in either country are authorized 
to exercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions 
in courts of justice. (Art. IV"). ''"'" ^'^ ^^^"* 

(c) Neither country to prohibit or" rWstrict' imports, exports. Of 
transit of merchandise, except in the following cases applying to 
all countries under the same conditions : " ' «- j > ' 

(1) Provisions and munitions of war in ^xirabrdiiikry cirqumr 
stances. . _ 

(2) Considerations of public security. ^^^! '/^^^ 

(3) Sanitary measures for protection, of health, animals; qr useful 
plants. . ^ , J ^_ , 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or distribu- 
tion of similar articles of national production. '^ f*' finoii - 

(5) Articles of State monopoly. (Art. VI.) ' '"'j^'^ '"^'^^ 

(d) Products of either country imported into the territOffS of 
the other and destined for storage or transit are exempt from all 
internal dues. (Art. VII.) oiy;fpii^ :>.u: ,:ri^rL -^^■^'^'^^ 

(e) Certificates of origin for merchandise of either country im- 
ported into the other may be required only in exceptional circum- 



518 FRANCE AND JAPAN. 

stances named. In case either country should levy a tax on delivery 
of such certificates, the other country may impose equivalent taxes 
on certificates of origin from the former. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Duty-free admission by either country of commercial trav- 
elers' samples from the other, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country 
to be recognized by the other if carrying papers required by law. 
(Art. XII.) 

(h) Right of vessels of either nation to load or discharge foreign 
cargoes at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coast- 
ing trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XV.) 

(i) Both countries declare their adherence to the industrial prop- 
erty convention of 20 Mar., 1883.^^^ In case either country should 
withdraw from that convention,^ reciprocal national treatment is 
stipulated in all matters concerning protection of patents, trade- 
marks, designs, models, commercial names, and declarations of 
origin, and in all matters concerning suppression of unfair competi- 
tion, subject to fulfilling formalities and conditions imposed by law. 
(Art. XVI.) 

(j) Specified import duties to be levied by either country on 
products of the other listed in Tables A and B annexed to the treaty 
may be increased or reduced on five months' notice. (Protocol, Arts. 

I, n.) 

V. Exceptions. — ^Stipulations of this convention do not apply to: 
(a) The coasting trade of both countries, which is reserved for 

regulation by the laws of each country. (Art. XV.) 

(h) Special advantages which either country may accord to bor- 
dering States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XVIII, 1.) 

(c) Special favors resulting from a customs union. (Art. 
XVIII, 2.) 

(d) National fisheries, and fisheries assimilated thereto. (Art. 
XVIII, 3.) 

(e) Encouragements which either country may accord to its mer- 
chant marine. (Art. XVIII, 4.) 

VI. Application to colonies. — This convention applies in terms to 
Algeria and to all colonies and possessions of Japan, and has been 
made applicable to colonial possessions of France in equatorial 
Africa, Guiana, India, Somaliland, and West Africa, and to the 
islands Guadeloupe, Madagascar, Martinique, New Caledonia, Re- 
union, St. Pierre, and Miquelon. (Art. XIX and note.) 

.^9 See No. '495. 



FRAXCK AND LIBERIA. 519 

Treaty with Liberia. 
No. 292. 

l^reaty of com'm^rce and navigation between France and Liberia. 

SIGNED 17 Apr.. 1852, at Monrovia. Uatifications exchanged there l4 
Oct.. 1856. Duration indefinite. 
TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 16-19 ; Clercq 6 : 175-8 ; B. F. S. P. 47 : 1104- 7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocal!}^ but conditioncilly 
pledged in general terms respecting any advantage or privilege 
which either country may accord in matters of commerce or naviga 
tion, or for any other purpose. (Art. IX and addl. art., 20 Apr.. 
1852, attached.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Freedom of commerce and navigation for citizens and vessels 
of either country in alhports, cities, or territories of the other. (Art. 

n.) 

{b) Protection of persons and property and all privileges or 
prerogatives accorded to foreigners in either country; including 
right of residence, hiring of houses, opening of shops, transport of 
merchandise, and management of affairs in person or otherwise, un- 
hampered by any monopoly or exclusive privilege of sale or pur- 
chase. (Art. III.) 

((?) All duties payable in ports or waters of either country on 
ships of the other and their cargoes. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Duties imposed by Liberia on merchandise arriving from 
France or from French possessions in vessels of any nationality, or 
brought in French vessels from any country. (Art. IV.) 

{e) Conditions regarding exportation from Liberia of any Liberian 
products by citizens or vessels of France. (Art. IV.) 

(/) Protection of consular officers, and all privileges accoraed to 
them in either country. (Art. VII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) In case the Liberian Government should undertake to trade 
in certain articles for revenue purposes, private merchants may 
continue to import such articles without paying duties greater than 
the difference between cost price and the price fixed by the Liberian 
Government for sale of these articles; and in case the Government 
fixes the price of any Liberian products, any merchants in Liberia 
may, on paying the taxes, present such products to the treasury at 
the Government price. (Art. V.) 

{b) Protection and assistance to be accorded by either country 
to vessels of the other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck 
and to their crews and cargoes. (Art. VI.) 



520 FRANCE AND MEXICO. 

(e) France engages not to interfere in affairs between the aborig- 
inal inhabitants and the Government of Liberia, except on request 
from the latter; and to aid Liberian authorities in bringing to jus- 
tice aboriginal inhabitants who may have inflicted injury or loss on 
France. (Art. X.) 

(d) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of one re- 
siding in the other may remain to arrange their affairs as long as 
they behave peaceably and observe the laws. (Art. XI.) 

Treaty with Mexico. 

No. 293. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and namgation hetween France 
and Mexico. 

SIGNED 27 Nov., 1886, at Mexico. Effective from 17 Apr., 1888, until 1 Feb.. 
1892, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notfce by either party. (Art. 
XXIX.) 

TEXT: French, France Tr. 111:72-80; B. F. S. P. 77:1090-8; Spanish, 
Mexico Tr. Vig. 1 : 326-40. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all privileges, favors, and immunities which 
either country may accord in matters of navigation or commerce. 
(Art. XIV.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: ^'^' l\[ 

(a) Eight of citizens and vessels of either country to enter any 
cities, ports, rivers, and other places open to foreigners in the terri- 
tories and possessions of the other. (Art. II.) 

( h ) All matters relating to literary and artistic property in either 
country. (Art. II.) 

(c) All matters concerning possession of real property in either 
country. (Art. V.) 

(d) All privileges, favors, and immunities accorded by, either 
country to diplomatic agents. (Art. XI.) *ruy .t^ 

(e) All duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other and on exportation of merchandise to the 
other. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
against the other regarding importation or exportation, except 
sanitary measures to prevent spread of epizootic diseases or de- 
struction of crops, and measures connected with war. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Any transit duties which either country may impose on mer- 
chandise passing to or from the other. (Art. XIII.) 

(A) Jurisdictional limit of territorial waters to be applied by 
either countr}^ to ships of the other, for purposes named under IV I 
below. (Art. XV.) 



FRANCE AND MEXICO. 521 

(i) All privileges, favors, or advantages concerning local treat- 
ment of vessels of either country in ports or waters of the other, such 
as stationing, loading, and unloading of ships, and formalities or 
arrangements affecting merchant vessels and their crews or cargoes ; 
also all taxes or charges of whatever kind, with special reference to 
dues for tonnage, port, lighthouse, pilotage, quarantine, and any other 
charges alfecting the hull of the ship. (Art. XVI.) 

(j) Any duties payable by vessels of either country loading or un- 
loading foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage, but coasting trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XIX.) 

(k) Any duties or charges payable in either country on salvaged 
merchandise cleared for domestic consumption. (Art. XXII.) 

(l) Ports of either country where warships of the other may enter 
and refit, and all regulations, honors, advantages, privileges, and 
exemptions relating thereto. (Art. XXIV.) 

(m) All rights, privileges, and immunities accorded by either 
country to consular officers. (Art. XXVII.) 

II. National or most -favored-nation treatment (at claimant's op- 
tion) is reciprocally pledged regarding any charges or taxes imposed 
by either country on real and personal property of citizens of the 
other. (Art. VII.) ; '' ^ - 

III. National treatment is'reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to travel and reside in any 
part of the other ; to engage in industry and commerce by wholesale 
or retail; to rent and possess houses, warehouses, shops, and other 
premises; to transport merchandise and money; and to receive con- 
signments, domestic or foreign ; and all charges, contributions, taxes, 
or imposts relating to any of these. (Art. II.) 

(h) All rights concerning patents for inventions, labels, trade- 
marks, and designs in either country. (Art. II.) '''^'•'-* 'iJ- 

(c) All rights, privileges, conditions, and exelmptions 'regarding 
access to courts of justice, and employment of advocates or others 
therein. (Art. III.) o». .x. 

(d) Eight of citizens of either country to acquire, possess, and 
transmit personal property in the other, by will or otherwise in any 
manner ; and all succession or other duties relating thereto. (Art. V.) 

(e) Any military requisitions, loans, and contribii.tions imposed on 
landed property in either country. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Any charges or impositions levied by either country on prop- 
erty of any kind belonging to citizens of the other, in case of war 
between the two countries. (Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Complete protection of persons and property of citizens of 
either country in the other. (Art. III.) 



522 FRANCE AND MEXICO. 

(b) Judicial assistance is assured by either country to indigent 
citizens of the other, subject to the laws of the countrj^ in which the 
assistance is claimed. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Succession to real property to be governed by laws of the coun- 
try in which it is situated. Succession to personal effects left by sub- 
jects of either country dying in the other, to be judged according to 
laws of the country to which deceased belonged. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
personal military service by land or sea, and from all requisitions, 
contributions, or forced loans, except those levied on landed prop- 
erty. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Ships, cargoes, merchandise, and effects belonging to citi- 
zens of either country are exempt in the other from embargo or de- 
tention for military expeditions or any public use, unless sufficient 
indemnification is paid in advance to the interested parties. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(/) Freedom of conscience and religion in either country for citi- 
zens of the other, subject to constitution and laws of the land. 
(Art. IX.) 

(g) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either 
may continue their commerce or other occupation in the other with- 
out interruption so long as they observe the laws. In case their 
conduct necessitates expulsion from the country, sufficient time shall 
be allowed them to wind up their affairs ; their property of all kinds 
to be exempt from seizure, sequestration, or confiscation. (Art. X.) 

(h) Diplomatic representatives not to interfere officially in mat- 
ters within jurisdiction of the courts, except for denial of justice, 
manifest violation of treaties, or of rules of international law. (Art. 
XI.) 

(^) Neither country to be responsible for damages or exactions 
suffered by citizens of the other during insurrections or civil war 
from insurgents or wild hordes not under control of the Government, 
except in case of fault or neglect on the part of authorities concerned. 
(Art. XI.) 

(j) Exemption from transit duties in either country of any mer- 
chandise passing to or from the other; except articles of which 
transit may be prohibited by law, and except that special authoriza- 
tion may be required for transit of arms and munitions of war. 
(Art. XIII.) 

(k) Policing of ports, loading, and unloading of ships and pro- 
tection of merchandise and effects to be subject to laws of each coun- 
try. (Art. XV.) 

(I) Limit of territorial sovereignty on coasts of either country for 
enforcement of customs regulations and prevention of smuggling 



FRANC^E AND MONACO. 523 

(but for no other purpose) to be 20 kilometers from the line of low 
water. (Art. XV.) 

(?7i) Exemption of vessels from tonnage, port, and clearance dues 
under conditions stated. (Art. XVII.) 

(n) Navigation, tonnage, and other duties imposed on the hull 
of the ship, to be levied in ports of either country on vessels of the 
other in accordance with ship's papers. (Art. XVIII.) 

(o) Assistance to be given in ports or waters of either country 
to ships of the other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. 
(Art. XXI.) ...'['Vfi^v/ 

(p) Mail boats of either country not to be seized in waters of the 
other, or turned from their course. (Art. XXV.) 

(q) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country 
to be recognized by the other if carrjang ship's papers required by 
law. (Art. XXIII.) 

V. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to the 
coasting trade, nor to matters concerning the fishing industries of 
either country, which are reserved for regulation by the laws of each 
country. (Arts. XIX, XX.) 

VI. Application to colonies. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty apply to Algeria. (Art.. 
XXVIII.) 

(b) Most-favored-nation rights and privileges stipulated in this 
treaty, and the provisions concerning freedom of commerce and navi- 
gation, apply to Mexicans in French colonies and possessions, and 
apply in Mexico to inhabitants of -French colonies and possessions 
as well as to citizens of France. (Art. XXVIk) i^ :: 

Treaty with Monaco. 
No. 294. 

Convention between France and Monaco reflating customs admin- 
istration and neighborly relations. 

SIGNED 10 April, 1912, at Paris. Ratifications exchanged there 6 Apr., 
1914. Effective until 6 Apr., 1924, and thereafter until terminated by 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. XXVII.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 100-8 ; B. F. S. P. 106 : 1009-23. 

{a) Import and export tariffs of France, navigation dues as de- 
fined by French law, and other French taxes and duties named are 
to be applied within the Principality of Monaco in accordance with 
the laws and regulations of France (Arts. II, V, IX) , and collected 
by French officials for the treasury of France (Arts. IX and XI). 

(b) By way of compensation for these duties and taxes, France 
pays to the Principality of Monaco an annual indemnity of 400,000 
francs, to be increased by 20,000 francs yearly for every thousand 



521 FEAlSrCE AND MONTENEGEO. 

additional inhabitants, as compared with population ascertained by 
the census of 1908; a new census to be taken every five years on 
January 1. (Art. X.) 

(c) Ships of either party to pay in ports of the other the same 
duties as in home ports. (Art. IV.) 

(d) The regulations and tariffs of France respecting sanitary 
police are to apply in Monaco. (Art. III.) 

(e) All kinds of tobacco required for consumption in Monaco, 
also powder and playing cards, to be supplied from factories and 
warehouses of Nice. (Arts. VI, VII.) 

(/) Special laws and regulations concerning importation, expor- 
tation, and circulation of arms in France to apply also in Monaco. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(g) Post and telegraph offices in Monaco and necessary submarine 
cables are to be established by France, which also names the per- 
sonnel charged with execution of these services. (Art. XIV.) 

(k) Coins of Monaco to be struck in France exclusively, and to 
have the same denominations and value as French coins. (Art. XV.) 

(^) There shall not be accorded to industries established in Monaco 
any advantage whatever, by bounty or otherwise, over similar French 
industries. (Art. XVIII.) 

(j) Extensive and detailed provisions relating to jurisdiction of 
French tribunals over French customs agents and employees in 
Monaco (Arts. XII-XIII) ; confirmation of extradition convention 
of 8 July, 1876, and right of police, soldiers, etc., of either party to 
operate on territory of the other (Art. XVI) ; maintenance of roads, 
railways, telegraph, and telephone lines in Monaco (Art. XVII); 
treatment in French hospitals of indigent insane "persons from Mon- 
aco (Art. XIX) ; military deserters, criminals, etc. (Arts. XX- 
XXII) ; education of children of Monaco in French schools (Art. 
XXIV) ; and right of Monaco to make treaties with other powers 
(Art. XXV). 

(k) Declarations concerning postal, telegraph, and telephone serv- 
ice between the two countries. (Annexed.) 

Treaty with Montenegro. 
No. 295. 

Convention of coramerce^ and navigation between France and 

Montenegro. 

SIGNED 30 June, 1S92, at Cetinje. Terminable on six months' notice by 

either party, in accordance with notes of 21 Dec, 1908. (France Tr. Ill: 115.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 115 ; Clercq 19 : 500-2 ; B. F. S. P. 84 : 1006-7. 

Most-favored-nation treatment, is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to: »f</K>M 

{a) Establishment of nationals of either country in the other, with 
special reference to exercise of commerce and industries. (Art. I.) 



FRANCE AND MUSCAT. 525 

(h) All matters of commerce and navigation, with special refer- 
ence to importation, exportation, and transit. (Art. I.) 

(g) All that concerns customs duties and commercial operations 
in either country. (Art. I.) 

(d) Payment of taxes connected with any of the forementioned 
matters. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Muscat. 

No. 296. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce Ijetweeii France and Muscat. 

SIGNED 17 Nov., 1844, at Zanzibar. Ratifications exchanged tliere 4 Feb., 
1846. No time limit stated. 

TEXT: French, France Tr. II: 592-7; Clercq 5: 259-64: B. F. S. P. 35: 
1011-15. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing all privileges and advantages which either party ma}^ accord to 
the subjects of any other nation. (Art. 2.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to : 
{a) All rights and prerogatives accorded to consular agents by 

either country. (Art. 5.) 

{h) Eight of French vessels to all privileges and immunities 

granted in the ports of the Sultan of Muscat, with special reference 

to import duties payable on merchandise imported in French vessels, 

(Art. 10.) 

II. Other provisions. . ;^ 
{a) Duties levied in Muscat on merchandise imported m French 

vessels not to exceed 5 per cent ad valorem, after payment of which 
the merchandise may be sold by wholesale or retail without paying 
further duties. (Art. 10.) 

(?>) After payment of the 5 per cent import duty French vessels 
and their cargoes entering or leaving ports of Muscat are exempt 
from all taxes of importation, exportation, tonnage, license, pilotage, 
anchorage, and all other taxes whatever. (Art. 10.) 

{c) Neither importation nor exportation of any article of com- 
merce to be prohibited in the States of the Sultan of Muscat ; com- 
merce being perfectly free and subject to no other duty whatever save 
the import duty of 5 per cent. French subjects may, therefore, buy 
or sell any articles of commerce f reelj^ throughout said States, with- 
out hindrance from any monopoly or exclusive privilege of sale or 
purchase. France will not trade in ivory or gum copal on the east 
coast of Africa within territory defined, so long as no other Christian 
nation has the right to engage in this trade. (Art. 11.) 

{d) In case of disputes concerning valuations of merchandise 
subject to the 5 per cent duty on importation into Muscat, the cus- 
toms may demand payment in kind (i. e. one-twentieth part of the 



526 FEANCE AND NETHERLANDS. 

merchandise in question) wheneA^er this mode of payment is prac- 
ticable in view of the nature of the article. In other cases such dis- 
putes shall be settled by arbitration in the manner stated. (Arts. 
12, 13.) 

(e) Provisions concerning assistance to be given by local authori- 
ties to French vessels seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck 
(Art. 15), or captured by pirates (Art. 16). 

Treaties with the Netherlands. 

No. 29 7. 

Exchange of notes heticeen France and the N etlierlands establishing 
a commercial modus vivendi. 

SIGNED 27/28 Jan., 1892, at The Hague. Terminable by the Netherlands at 
any time, and by France on 12 months' notice. 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 175-6 ; Glercq 19 : 403 ; Lagemans 11 : 175-0 ; 
B. F. S. P. 100 : 918-19. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is stipulated as follows: 

{a) France concedes her minimum tariff to the products and mer- 
chandise of Netherlands origin, so long as the Netherlands continues 
to apply most- favored-nation treatment to the products and mer- 
chandise originating in France. 

(&) In the Netherlands the same customs tariffs apply to im- 
ports from all foreign coimtries without distinction, regardless of 
origin, but the Netherlands Government reserves complete liberty of 
action in all respects. 

II. Application to colonies. — The forementioned stipulations ap- 
ply to the respective colonies and possessions of both countries, 
subject, however, so far as France is concerned, to conditions fixed 
by Article III of the customs tariff law of 11 Jan., 1892, and subject, 
as regards Dutch colonies, to the convention of 13 Aug., 1902.^^° 



No. 298. 



Commercial convention hetween France and the Netherlands rela- 
tive to the Dutch colonies. ,x^ ;yymi\\ 

SIGNED 13 Aug., 1902, at the Hague. Ratifications exchanged there 8 Mai, 
1904. Terminable on one year's notice by either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 184-5 ; Clercq 22 : 201-3 ; B. F. S. P. 95 : 

796-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows: 

120 See No. 298. 



■'>il. 



FRANCE AND NKJAKAGUA. 527 

(a) Specified products of Dutch colonies, including coffee, tea, 
cacao, chocolate, pepper, vanilla, and various spices, are to be ad- 
mitted into France, Algeria, the French colonies and possessions, and 
the protectorates of Indo-China and Tunis at the lowest tariff rates 
applicable to similar products of any other foreign country. (Art. 

(h) Reciprocally, the products of France and of French colonies, 
possessions, and protectorates above named are to be admitted by the 
Dutch colonies at the lowest tariff rates applicable to similar products 
of any other foreign country, except that these stipulations do not 
apply to duty-free admission into Dutch colonies of products of the 
native States of the Oriental Archipelago. (Art. II.) 

II. Other provisions. — Certificates of origin to be vises by the 
respective consuls free of consular fees. (Art. III.) 

Treaty with Nicaragua. 
No. 299. 

€o??wiercial convention hetiveen France and Nicaragua. 

SIGNED 27 Jan., 1902, at Managua. Ratifications exchanged 3 Sept., 1903, 
at Paris. Denounced by France 6 Sept., 1918, but revived as from 15 Feb., 
1921, subject to termination on three months' notice by either party. 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 126-7 ; B. F. S. P. 95 : 818-20 ; Spanish, 
Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913 : 21-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows: . .\ 

(a) Nicaraguan coffee and other products listed in Table A an- 
nexed to this treaty are to be admitted into France, Algeria, the 
French colonies and possessions, and the protectorates of Indo-China 
and Tunis at the lowest tariff rates applicable to similar products of 
any other foreign origin. (Art. I.) 

{h) Heciprocally, the products of France, Algeria, French colonies 
and possessions, and protectorates above named are to be admitted by 
Nicaragua at the lowest tariff rates applicable to similar products 
of any other foreign origin. (Art. II.) TTTZ J-tA) -f'^bom 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Numerous French products listed in Table B annexed to this 
convention are to be admitted into Nicaragua at a reduction of 25 
per cent from the import duties provided in the Nicaraguan tariff. 
(Art. II.) ■ \ ^'^'^ ■" ^ ..■ . ■' ' 

(b) Certificates of origin to be vises by the respective ponsuls free 
of consular fees, (Art. III.) 



528 FEANCE AND NORWAY. 

Treaty with Norway 
No. 300. 

Treaiyof coinmerce hetioeen France and Norway .^"^^ 

7 SIGNED 30 Dec, 1881, at Paris. DuFjation extended indefinitely by the con- 
tention of 13 Jan., 1892 "'' (excep't Art. II-IV, VIII, IX, XVlIl-XX, pars. 3 and 
4 of Art. XII, and the final declaration, which terminated 1 Feb., 1892), subject 
to termination on 12 months' notice by either party. (Cony. 1892-,^^^ Art. III.) 
'TEXT: French, France Tr. 111:136-40; B. F. S. P. 72 : 32^-^4 V'Norwegian, 
^brway Tr. 1914 : 59-62. • '• ^ ivTc .-;{of -- 

I. Most- favored -nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms with regard to all matters concerning importation, expor- 
tation, and transit, with special reference to any favors, privileges, 
and tariff reductions which either country may accord to any third 
power regarding importation or exportation. (Art. XI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(<2) Any duties or prohibitions which either country may establish 
against importation or exportation, (Art. XI.) 

(6) Any surtaxes imposed by France on merchandise other than 
Norwegian products imported from Norway by land or sea, except 
merchandise imported in French vessels direct from the pouiitry of 

origin. (Art. XII.) .offf.rftAr ot I'-voldrr^ .\^M 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting any privileges, immunities, or favors accorded by either 
country in matters of commerce or industry; with special reference 
to any duties, taxes, imposts, or fees, under whatever name, payable 
by citizens of either country on their commerce or industry in the 
other. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to— 
(«) Excise or consumption duties levied in either country on im- 
ported products of the other. These duties must not be higher than 
'on similar merchandise of national production. (Art. VII.) 
^ (Z>) Protection to be accorded by either country to subjects of the 
other in all matters concerning trade-marks, industrial designs, or 
models (Art. XIII) ; and literary, artistic, or other industrial prop- 
erty. (Addl. art.) 

"^^ {c) License fees payable in Norway by commercial travelers from 
France ; commercial travelers from Norway being subject to an 
equivalent impost in France. (Art. XVII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

((2) Drawba;cks allowed by either country on exportation of its 
products must be equivalents of internal excise and consumption 
duties levied on such products or materials used in their manu- 
facture. (Art. V.) 

^ See also treaty of navigation of same date, concluded with Sweden and Norway, No. 
310. 

"^French, France Tr. Ill : 146-7 ; B. F. S. P. 84 : 110-11. 



FKANCE AND PEKSIA. 529 

{!/) In addition toiQiistoms duties, either count i^y may impose on 
foreign merchandise a supplementary tax equal to the internal duties 
of excise or consumption imposed on similar domestic products* or 
on materials employed in their manufacture. In case these interna;! 
duties are removed or reduced, equivalent reductions must be made 
in the supplementary taxes. (Arts. V-YI.) 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning treatment in either country of 
articles of jewelry imported from the other (Art. X) ; a duty-free 
admission by either country of commercial travelers' samples frorh 
the other, subject to customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. 
XVI.) ,'" 

IV. Application to colonies. — Provisions of this treaty are appli- 
cable to Algeria without exception. (Art. XV.) 

Treaty with Panama. 
See No. 246. 

Treaty with Paraguay. 
No. 301. 

Convention of coTatnerce and navigation fie tween France and Para- 
guay. 

SIGNED 21 July, 1892, at Buenos Aires. Terminable on 12 months" notice 
bv either partv. (Art. II.) 
' TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 162-3 ; Clercq 19 : 506-8 ; B. F. S. P. 84 : 680-1. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocalljT- pledged in re- 
gard to : 

{.a) All matters relating to navigation, importation, exportation, 
and transit. v* ^r^'^y 

{!)) All that concerns tariffs, accessory customs duties, comple- 
mentary^ taxes, and commercial operations. 

'^'-'^{c) All civil rights, benefits, privileges, or exemptions concerning 
exercise of commerce and industry. 

{d) Payment of imposts, taxes, or license fees connected with any 
of the forementioned matters. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 302. 

Treaty of fHendship and cornmerce between France and Persia., 

SIGNED 12 July. 1855, at Teheran. Duration perpetual. (Art. VIII.) 
TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 216-18 ; B. F. S. P. 45 : 869-71. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to: 

{a) All prerogatives and immunities accorded to diplomatic 
agents by either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Treatment of travelers, merchants, manufacturers, and other 
subjects of either country in territories of the other, in all respects. 
(Art. III.) 



530 FRANCE AND PORTUGAL. 

(<?) Customs duties payable in either country by subjects of the 
other on importation or exportation of merchandise. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Treatment of subjects of either country in the other with 
regard to administration of justice. (Art. V.) 

{e) Respect, privileges, and immunities to be accorded to consuls 
of either country at their place of residence in the other. (Art. 
¥11.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Subjects of either country may bring into the other or export 
therefrom all kinds of produce and merchandise, by land or sea, 
and may sell, exchange, buy, and transport the same throughout the 
territories of either nation.* (Art. III.) 

{h) Consular jurisdiction of disputes arising in Persia between 
French subjects, or between French subjects and other foreigners. 
(Art. V.) 

{c) Provisions concerning disposal of property left by subjects 
•of either country dying in the other. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Right of either country to appoint three consuls in the other 
at places named. (Art. VII.) 

Tteaty with Portugal. 

No. 303. 

Exchange of notes hetween France and Portugal recording a provi- 
sional commercial agreeinent. 

SIGNED 17 Feb., 1911, at Lisbon. Effective uutil conclusion of a commercial 
•convention. Terminable on three months' notice by either party. 
TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 251-4 ; B. F. S. P. 105 : 614-17. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged regard- 
ing import and consumption duties which either country may im- 
pose on products of the other, except : 

{a) Favors which either country may accord exclusively to bor- 
dering States to facilitate frontier traffic. 

ifi) Special favors which Portugal may concede to Spain or 
Brazil. 

II. Other provisions. 

(«) French products listed in the schedules attached shall not pay 
higher duties when imported into Portugal than those named in the 
list. 

(6) Products of the islands San Thome, Principe, and Gape 
Verde, imported into France after transshipment at Funchal, shall 
not lose the benefits of direct importation. 

III. Application to colonies. — This agreement applies to Algeria, 
on the one hand, and on the other to Madeira, Porto Santo, and the 
Azores. 



FRAXCK AXD lU'MANIA. 531 

Treaty with Rumania. 
Xo. 304. 

Convention of commerce and navigation betioeeifi, France and 
Rumania. ., ) 

SIGNED 6 March, 1907, at Paris. Katiticutions excliangtHl tliere 23 July, 
1907. Effective from 2 Aug., 1907. Terminable on one year's notice by eitliei 
party. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: French, France Tr. 111:2.58-72; B. F. S. P. 101:318-27. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions and restric- 
tions noted below) respecting all favors, privileges, and reductions 
which either country may accord with reference to duties of customs, 
octroi, excise, and any other taxes or local dues regarding importa- 
tion, exportation, reexportation, transit, or bonding of merchandise 
of every description; also with reference to matters concerning con- 
sumption or transshipment of merchandise, customs formalities, and 
whatever relates to exercise of commerce and industry in either 
country. (Arts. VI, VII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Conditions regarding acquisition, possession, and disposal of, 
or succession to, property of all kinds, personal or real; subject to 
laws applying to all foreigners in either country. (Art. II.) 

(&) Specified exceptional prohibitions imposed by either country 
against the other regarding importation, exportation, or transit. 
(Art. V.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) All duties, taxes, imposts, or fees under whatever name, pay- 
able by citizens of either country, on their commerce or industry in 
the other, subject to specified laws applving to all foreigners. (Arts. 

i,n.) 

(5) Exceptional military contributions or requisitions incumbent 
on possession of landed property in either countr3^ (Art. III.) 

(^) Internal duties imposed on production or consumption, under 
whatever name, whether levied for the State or for communes or 
corporations in either country. These must not bear more heavily 
on imported products of the other country than on similar articles 
of domestic or other foreign production. (Art. VIII.) 

{d) All privileges or favors relating to placing, loading, or un- 
loading of vessels in the ports, roadsteads, harbors, or basins of either 
country, including any formalities and arrangements affecting mer- 
chant vessels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. XI.) 
54083—22 35 



532 FRANCE AND RUMANIA. 

(e) All privileges or immunities which either country may ac- 
cord to vessels and their cargoes, from whatever place arriving and 
whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes, except: 

(1) Advantages accorded to products of national fisheries in either 
country. (Art. IX, 1.) 

(2) Favors accorded by either country to its national merchant 
marine. (Art. IX, 2.) 

(3) The coasting trade of both countries (including trade be- 
tween France and Algeria), which is reserved for regulation by their 
respective laws. (Art. IX, 3.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice, and all taxes, imposts, or charges, under whatever name, re- 
lating to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
property of all kinds; subject to specified laws and regulations ap- 
plying to all foreigners in either country. (Art. II.) 

(h) All taxes, imposts, obligations, or restrictions imposed by 
either country on persons or on property of any kind, real or per- 
sonal. (Art. III.) 

(c) All duties, taxes, or charges affecting the hull of the ship or 
its flag or cargo imposed in ports of either country on ships of the 
other under whatever name, and no matter by whom or how levied. 
(Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions against importation, exportation, or transit (Art. V) ; ex- 
cept for the following reasons applied to all countries under the 
same conditions: 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. Y, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety. (Art. Y, 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures for the protection of health, animals, or 
useful plants. (Art. Y, 3.) 

(4) Execution of internal laws so far as they prohibit or restrict 
production, sale, distribution, or consumption of certain articles. 
(Art. Y,4.) 

(5) Objects of State monopoly in either country. (Art. Y, 5.) 
(h) Products of either country listed in Tables A and B annexed 

to this convention to pay when imported into the other duties not 
higher than specified in these tables. (Art. YII.) 

(c) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. 
YIII.) 

(d) Ships of either country are exempt in the other from all ton- 
nage and clearance charges under conditions stated. (Art. XIII.) 



PRANCE AKD SALVADOR. 533 

(e) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from forced loans, and 
other extraordinary contributions and from obligation to accept judi- 
cial, administrative, or municipal office; except charges incumbent 
upon possession of landed property in either country. (Art. III.) 

(/) Extensive provisions relating to treatment by either country 
of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers from the 
other. (Art. IV.) 

(g) Vessels of either country entering ports of the other to com- 
plete their loading or to land part of their cargo need not pay duty 
on portion of cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XII.) 

(A) Nationality of vessels to be determined by laws and regula- 
tions of each country and papers issued by its competent authorities, 
(Art. XIV.) 

V. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation provisions of Article VI 
(noted under I above) do not apply to : 

(a) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary 
line. 

(h) Special favors resulting from a customs union. (Art. VI.) 

VI. Application to colonies. — This convention applies to Algeria, 
and may be extended to French colonies and to Indo- China on two 
months' notice to that effect given by France to Eumania. 
(Art. XV.) -inoiminoum^ 

Treaty with Salvador. 

No. 305. 

Commercial convention hetiveen France and Salvador. 

SIGNED 9 Jan., 1901, at Paris. Ratifications exchanged there 15 Jan., 1902. 
Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT: French, France Tr. 111:316-17; B. F. S. P. 94:590-2; Spanish, Sal- 
vador Pact. Int. 2 : 8-14. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows: 

{a) Salvadorian coffee and other products listed in Table A an- 
nexed to this treaty are to be admitted into France, Algeria, the 
French colonies and possessions, and the Protectorates of Indo- China 
and Tunis at the lowest tariff rates applicable to similar products of 
any other foreign origin. (Art. I.) 

{h) Keciprocally, the products of France, Algeria. French colonies 
and possessions, and protectorates above named are to be admitted by 
Salvador at the lowest tariff rates applicable to similar products of 
any other foreign origin. (Art. II.) ^^^^^ "i^^iiJ^dw .(roiKinnie 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Salvador's official valuation tariff then in force to be reduced 
in favor of numerous French products listed in Table B annexed to 



534 FRANCE AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

this treaty, so that these products shall in no case be subject to higher 
official valuations when imported into Salvador than those stipulated 
in said table. (Art. II.) 

(Z>) Certificates of origin to be vises by the respective consuls free 
of consular fees. (Art. III.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State.''' 
Xo. 306. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetioeen France and Serhia. 

Signed 5 Jan.. 1907, at Belgrade. Katitications exchanged 12 Oct., 1907, at 
Belgrade. Effective until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 
12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 23.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 322-40 ; B. F. S. P. 100 : 924-33. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting all favors, privileges, and tariff reductions which either 
country may accord to any third power with reference to duties of 
customs, octroi, excise, and any accessory or local dues regarding 
importation, exportation, reexportation, transit, or warehousing of 
merchandise; also in all matters concerning consumption, trans- 
shipment of -merchandise, transportation on railways, customs for- 
malities, and generally in whatever relates to exercise of commerce 
and industry in either country. (Art. 4.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Specified exceptional prohibitions which either country may 
impose against the other regarding importation, exportation, or 
transit. (Art. 5.) 

{h) Import duties payable in France on Serbian products im- 
ported from Serbia direct, and import duties payable in Serbia on 
French products not included in Table A annexed to this treaty. 
(Art. 6.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) All taxes, imposts, or fees of any kind payable by citizens of 
either country on their commerce or industry in the other. (Art. 1.) 

(&) Application to citizens of either country in the other of the 
laws and regulations concerning exercise of industry and commerce, 
and right to acquire, rent, and occupy lands, houses, and shops. 
(Art. 3.) 

((?) Internal duties of any kind imposed on production or con- 
sumption, whether levied for the State or for communes or corpora 
tions in either country. These must not bear more heavily on im- 

"3 See p. 771, note 197. 



FRANCE AND SEEB-CROAT-SLOVKXE STATE. 535 

ported products of the other countr}^ than on similar articles of 
domestic or other foreign production. (Art. 7.) 

(d) Any special tax payable in either country by merchants, manu- 
facturers, or commercial travelers from the other. (Art. 8.) 

(e) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, in all respects, from whatever place arriving and whatever 
the place of origin or destination of the cargoes (Art. 13) ; except as 
noted below under V, 2 and 3. 

(/) All privileges, favors, or advantages relating to placing, load- 
ing, or unloading of vessels in the ports, roadsteads, harbors, basins, 
rivers, or canals of either countrj^^ including any formalities and 
arrangements affecting merchant vessels and their crews or cargoes. 
(Art. 15.) 

III. National treatment is recij^rocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all privileges, immunities, and other favors in matters of 
commerce and industry. (Art. 1.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Exceptional military charges, contributions, and requisitions 
which either country may impose on possession of landed property. 
(Art. 2.) 

(h) Protection by either country of citizens of the other in all that 
concerns propert}^ in trade-marks (until conclusion of a special agree- 
ment on the subject), on condition of fulfilling formalities prescribed 
by the law. (Art. 10.) 

(c) All duties, taxes, or charges of any kind affecting the hull of 
the ship or its flag or cargo, no matter by whom or how levied in 
ports of either country on ships of the other. (Art. 13.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service b}" land or sea, from all forced loans and 
other extraordinary contributions, and from obligation to accept 
judicial, administrative, or municipal office; except charges incum- 
bent upon possession of landed property in either country. (Art. 2.) 

(h) Citizens of either country may exercise industry of all kinds 
in any part of the possessions of the other and may trade there by 
wholesale or retail in all articles of lawful commerce, personally or 
by agents, singly or associated with nationals or foreigners ; and may 
acquire, hire, and possess lands, houses, and shops ; all on condition 
of conforming to the laws and regulations of the country like na- 
tionals and citizens of the most-favored nation. (Art. 3.) 

(c) Both countries agree not to obstruct their commercial relations 
by any prohibition against importation, exportation, or transit, ex- 
cept for the following reasons applying to all countries under the 
same conditions : 



536 FRANCE A>TD SEEB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of internal security of the State. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and plants from dis- 
eases, insects, or noxious parasites. 

(4) Execution of internal laws prohibiting or restricting produc- 
tion, transportation, sale, or consumption of certain articles. 
(Art. 5.) 

{d) Schedule of import duties payable in Serbia on products of 
France enumerated in Table, A annexed to this treaty, (xlrt. 6.) 

(e) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all in- 
ternal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. T.) 

(/) Duty-free admission by either country of commercial travel- 
ers' samples from the other, subject to customs formalities relating 
thereto. (Art. 8.) 

■{g) Merchants, manufacturers, and conunercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a legitima- 
tion certificate in the form prescribed. (Art. 8 and Annex B.) 

(A) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. 14.) 

{i) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. But coast- 
ing trade is excepted. (Arts. 16, IT.) 

{j) Exemption of vessels from all tonnage and clearance duties 
(except sanitary dues) in either country, under conditions stated. 
(Art. 18.) 

{k) Provision concerning right of French ship owners maintain- 
ing a regular shipping service between the two countries to hire 
offices, stores, and other premises in Serbian ports. (Art. 19.) 

(Z) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning arbitration of 
disputes relating to interpretation or application of this treaty, and 
of questions concerning exercise of commerce between the two coun- 
tries. Statement of procedure relating thereto. (Art. 21.) 

V. Exceptions. 

{a) The stipulations of this convention do not apply to: 

(1) Objects of State monopolies in either country. (Art. 9.) 

(2) Coastwise navigation of either country (including intercourse 
between France and Algeria), which is reserved exclusively for the 
national flag. (Art. 17.) 

(3) Advantages which either country may accord to products of 
the national fishing industry. (Art. 20.) 

(4) Favors which either country may accord to the national mer- 
chant marine. (Ibid.) 



FRANCE AND SI AM. 537 

(b) The most-favored-nation clause does not apply to: 

(1) Special favors resulting from a customs union. (Art. 12.) 

(2) Special favors which either country may accord to border- 
ing States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Ibid.) 

(c) Provisions of this convention regarding exercise of commerce 
and industry in either country do not apply to itinerant industries, 
such as peddling, or soliciting orders from persons not engaged in 
commerce or industr}^ (Art. 8.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This convention applies to Algeria 
and to countries comprised within the customs territory of France, 
and shall also be applicable to French colonies and protectorates two 
months after notice to that effect given by France in the manner 
stated. (Arts. 12 and 22.) 

Treaty with Siam. 

No. 30 7. 

Treaty of friendshij)^ commerce and navigation between France and 
Siam. 

SIGNED 15 Aug., 1856, at Bangkok. Effective from 24 Aug., 1857, for indefi- 
nite term, subject after 12 years to revision on 12 montlis' notice from either 
party. (Art. XXII.) 

TEXT: French (authentic), France Tr. Ill: 341-9: B. F. S. P. 47: 993-1004. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

{a) All privileges or advantages accorded to foreigners by either 
country. (Art. I.) 

{b) All privileges and immunities accorded by either country to 
consular officers. (Art. 11.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged by Siam to French vessels in Siamese ports, respecting any 
privileges or immunities accorded to Siamese or to foreign vessels 
(Art. XVII), with special reference to any reductions made by 
Siam in duties on imports or exports (Art. XX). 

III. National treatment is pledged by Siam respecting taxation of 
landed property in Siam owned by French subjects under conditions 
stated. (Art. V.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Right of French subjects and missionaries to free exercise of 
their religion in all parts of Siam, including right to build churches. 
(Art. III.) 

(b) French subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be registered 
at the French consulate in the manner described. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Right of French subjects to reside in Siam within boundaries 
stated, and beyond these limits by special permission, and right to 



538 FEANCE AND SPAIN. 

travel and trade throughout the whole of Siam, buying and selling 
any lawful merchandise, without interference from any monopoly 
or exclusive privilege of sale or purchase. (Art. V.) 

(d) Right of French subjects to buy, sell, rent or build houses; 
establish depots and stores ; and to buy, sell, or lease lands and plan- 
tations, subject to restrictions named; Siam reserving the right to 
cancel the sale or to resume such lands if not cultivated within three 
years from date of possession. (Art. V.) 

(e) Exemption of French vessels in Siamese ports from all taxes 
for tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, and any other taxes whatever, 
after payment of import and export duties fixed by this treaty. (Art. 
XVII.) 

(/) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported in French 
vessels not to exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. XVIII), which 
shall never be increased (Art. XX). After payment of these duties, 
French subjects may freely import into or export from Siam to or 
from any foreign port all kinds of merchandise; except specified 
articles subject to restrictions named. (Art. XX.) 

(g) Siamese products exported in French vessels to pay only the 
duties specified in the tariff annexed to the treaty (Art. XIX), 
which shall never be increased (Art. XX). 

(A) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to employment of 
Siamese subjects (Art. VI) ; passports (Art. VII) ; functions of 
French consuls (Art. VIII) ; punishment of French and Siamese 
offenders (Art. IX) : piracy (Art. X) ; arrest of criminals and sea- 
men deserters (Art. XI) ; bankruptcy (Art. XII) ; recovery of debts 
(Art. XIII) ; disposal of property left by subjects of either country 
dying in the other (Art. XIV) ; assistance to ships in distress (Art. 
XVI). 

(^) Commercial regulations for the conduct of French trade in 
Siam. (Annexed.) 

(j) Tariff schedules of import and export duties. (Annexed.) 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 308. 

Exchange of notes between France and Spain estahlishing a com- 
mercial modus vivendi. 

SIGNED 30 Dec. 1893, at Paria Prolonged indefinitely by notes of 29 Nov., 
1906,"* subject to termination on three months' notice by either party.* 

TEXT : French, Clercq 20 : 90-3 ; B. F. S. P. 99 : 1093-6 ; Martens 91 : 288-91. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 

pledged regarding import duties to be levied in either country on 

products of the other. 

^ Spanish, Martens 91 : 292-3 ; B. F. S. P. 99 : 1096-7. 
» Terminated. See Appendix. 



FRANCE AND SWEDEN. 539 

IL Other provisions relate to : 

(a) Concessions to be made by France regarding importation of 
fruits and fresh vegetables into Algeria. (Sec. 1.) 

(b) Chemical methods to be used for analyzing wines in French 
customs laboratories. (Sec. 2.) 

(c) Suppression of smuggling. (Sec. 3.) 

Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 309. 

Treaty of commerce between France and Sweden. 

SIGNED 30 Dec, 1881, at Paris. Duration extended indefinitely by the 
conyention of 13 Jan., 1892''' (except Articles II-IV, VIII, IX, XVIII-XX^ 
paragraphs 3 and 4 of Article XII, and the final declaration, which terminated 
1 Feb., 1892), subject to termination on 12 months' notice bv either party. 
(Conv. 1892,'^' Art. III.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 136-40 ; B. F. S. P. 72 : 325-46 ; Sweden Tr. 
1910 : 732-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms with regard to all matters concerning importation, expor- 
tation, and transit, with special reference to any favors, privileges,, 
and tariff reductions which either country may accord to any third 
power regarding importation or exportation. (Art. XI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to : 

(a) Any duties or prohibitions which either country may establish 
against importation or exportation. (Art. XI.) 

(&) Any surtaxes imposed by France on merchandise other than 
Swedish products imported from Sweden by land or sea; except 
merchandise imported in French vessels direct from the country of 
origin. (Art. XII.) 

(c) Treatment of French commercial travelers in Sweden, with 
special reference to duties, facilities, prerogatives, and exemptions 
or reductions of taxes. (Com. agrt. 2 Dec, 1908,^^^ Art. 2.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting any privileges, immunities, or favors accorded by either 
country in matters of commerce or industry; with special reference 
to any duties, taxes, imposts, or fees, under whatever name, payable 
by citizens of either country on their commerce or industry in the 
other. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further pledged in regard to : 
{a) Excise or consumption duties levied in either country on 
imported products of the other. These duties must not be higher 
than on similar merchandise of national production. (Art. VII.) 

(&) Protection to be accorded by either country to subjects of the 
other in all matters concerning trade-marks, industrial designs, or 

126 France Tr. Ill : 146-7 ; B. F. S. P. 84 : 110-11. 

«8 French, France Tr. Ill : 375-7 ; B. F. S. P. 101 : 1017-19. 



540 FRANCE AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

models (Art. XIII) ; and literary, artistic, or other industrial prop- 
erty (Addl. art.). 

(c) Travelers' license fees and any restrictions applicable in 
Sweden to commercial travelers of France. (Com. agrt. 2 Dec, 
1908,^2^ Art. 2.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Drawbacks allowed by either country on exportation of its 
products must be equivalents of internal excise and consumption 
duties levied on such products or materials used in their manufac- 
ture. (Art. V.) 

(h) In addition to customs duties, either country may impose on 
foreign merchandise a supplementary tax equal to the internal 
duties of excise or consumption imposed on similar domestic prod- 
ucts or on materials employed in their manufacture. In case these 
internal duties are removed or reduced, equivalent reductions must 
be made in the supplementary taxes. (Arts* V,' YI.) 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning treatment in either country of 
articles of jewelry imported from the other (Art. X) ; a duty-free 
admission by either country of commercial travelers' samples from 
the other, subject to customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. 
XV.) 

(d) Specified French wines to be admitted into Sweden under 
conditions stated. (Com. agrt. 2 Dec, 1908,^2g j^^.^ j^^ 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 310. 

Treaty of navigation hetioeen France and Sweden and Norway. 

SIGNED 30 Dec, 1881, at Paris. Duration extended indefinitely by tlie 
convention of 13 Jan., 1892,^'^ (except Articles XIII-XIV, which terminated 1 
Feb. 1892), subject to termination on 12 months' notice by either party. (Conv. 
1892,'^' Art. III. ) 

TEXT: French, France Tr. Ill: 140-^; B. F. S. P. 72: 346-51. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all privileges or immunities which either coun- 
try may accord in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. XII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment of vessels of either country engaged in the coasting 
trade of the other. (Art. II.) 

{h) All privileges, powers, and exemptions accorded by either 
country to consular officers. (Art. IX.) 

^^ French, France Tr. Ill : 375-7 ; B. F. S. P. 101 : 1017-19. 
127 French, France Tr. Ill : 146-7 ; B. F. S. P. 84 : 110-11. 



FRANCE AND SAVEDEN AND NORWAY. 541 

{c) Treatment of Swedish and Norwegian vessels in port's of 
French colonies, in all respects, from whatever place arriving. (Art. 
VIL) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all privileges, immunities, and other favors in matters 
of commerce, industry, or navigation ; with special reference to pay- 
ment of duties, taxes, and imposts, under whatever name. (Art. I.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
[a) Treatment of vessels of either country and their cargoes in 
ports of the other (including Algeria), in all respects, from what- 
ever place arriving and whatever the place of origin or destination 
of the cargoes; except the coasting trade, which remains subject 
to the laws of each country. (Art. 11.) 

{h) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports and waters 
of the other, with special reference to any privileges or favors which 
either country may accord with regard to the placing, loading, or 
unloading of vessels in its ports, harbors, roadsteads, or basins, and 
all formalities and arrangements affecting merchant vessels and their 
crews or cargoes, including special taxes payable for local services 
(Art. ly.) ; and taxes of supervision payable on undischarged cargo 
under conditions stated. (Art. VI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Vessels of either country are exempt in ports of the other from 
tonnage and clearance dues under conditions stated. (Art. III.) 

{b) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
documents issued by the competent authorities under the laws of each 
countr}^ (Art. V.) 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning arrest and recovery of seamen 
deserters (Art. X) and assistance to be given by either country to 
shipwrecked vessels of the other, salvaged merchandise to be exempt 
from customs duties unless landed for consumption in the country. 
(Art. XL) 

IV. Exceptions. 

{a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to advantages which 
either country may accord to its national fisheries. (Art. VIII.) 

(6) The coasting trade of both countries remains subject to their 
respective laws. (Art. II.) 

V. Application to colonies. — Swedish and Norwegian vessels and 
their cargoes receive national treatment in France and Algeria (Art. 
II) and most-favored-nation treatment in the French colonies. (Art. 
VIL) 



542 FRANCE AND SWITZEBLAND. 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 311. 

C onvention of commerce hetween France and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 20 Oct., 1906, at Berne. Effective from 23 Nov., 1906. Terminable 
on one year's notice by either party. (Art. XXVIII.) 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 505-31 ; B. F. S. P. 100 : 935-41 ; Martens 
86 : 509-23. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted 
below) respecting any favor, privilege, or reduction of import or 
export duties which either countrj' may accord to any third power. 
(Arts. I and IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Import duties imposed by either country on products of the 
other not listed in Tables A and B annexed to this convention. 
(Arts. I and II.) 

(J) All matters concerning transit through either country. (Art. 
XVII.) 

(c) Temporary prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either 
country against the other respecting importation, exportation, or 
transit, except sanitary measures to prevent propagation of epi- 
zootic diseases or destruction of crops, and measures connected with 
war. (Art. XXII.) 

{d) Treatment of Swiss commerce and industry in Algeria, the 
French colonies and possessions, and the protectorate of Indo- 
China, with special reference to import duties payable on products 
of Switzerland, or payable in Switzerland on products of said colo- 
nies and protectorates. In Algeria, however, Swiss products are 
entitled to the benefit of this provision only after passing through 
France. (Art. XXV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Internal duties or charges imposed for excise, octroi, or con- 
sumption, including departmental or communal duties in either 
country. These must not bear more heavily on imported products 
of the other country than on similar articles of domestic production. 
(Arts. VII, VIII, and X.) 

(&) Protection to be given by either country to designs and in- 
dustrial models belonging to citizens of the other. (Art. XXII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(<2) Products of either country listed in tables annexed to this 
convention to pay, when imported direct into the other, the duties 
fixed by these tables. Duties specified in Tables A and B can be 
raised only after twelve months' notice. (Arts. I-III.) 



FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND. 543 

(b) In case either country increases or reduces the excise or con- 
sumption duties on any of its products, a corresponding increase or 
reduction of duty may be required on imports of similar products 
from the other country; and similarly, drawback to be allowed on 
exportation of products of either countr}^ must equal the internal 
excise or consumption duties levied on said products or on materials 
emplo3^ed in their manufacture. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Surtaxes levied in France on merchandise imported from 
Switzerland but not originating in that country must not be higher 
than on similar merchandise imported from any other European 
country otherwise than direct in French vessels. (Art. XL) 

(d) Certificates of origin may be required by either country in 
exceptional circumstances named. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Disputes concerning the nature, classification, origin, or value 
of imported merchandise to be settled according to law of the coun- 
try of destination. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning customs declarations. (Arts. 
XIV-XVI.) 

(g) Merchandise of all kinds passing through either country is 
reciprocally exempt from all transit duties in the other. (Art. 
XVII.) 

(A) Pri Alleges of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial 
travelers in either country, with special reference to duty-free ad- 
mission of travelers' samples, subject to customs formalities relating 
thereto. (Arts. XVIII-XX and Annex D.) 

(i) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XXIV and Annex E.) 

(jf) Extensive schedules of import duties payable on products of 
either country imported direct into the other. (Annexes A, B, 
and C.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this convention do not apply to articles of 
State monopoly in either country. (Art. XXVI.) 

(h) Articles XVIII to XX (relating to commercial travelers and 
their samples) do not apply to peddlers or other itinerant trades, 
which are reserved by both countries for regulation by their re- 
spective laws. (Art. XXI.) 

V. Application to colonies. 

(a) The provisions of this convention apply to Algeria, but Swiss 
products entering Algeria are entitled to the benefits of these pro- 
visions only after passing through France. (Art. XXV.) 

(h) Most- favored-nation stipulations noted under I c above 
apply to the French colonies and possessions, and to the protectorate 
of Indo-China. (Art. XXV.) 



544 FRANCE AND TURKEY. 

Treaty with Turkey. 
No. 312. 

C a'pitulations and convention additional thereto; also treaty of peace 
hetween France and Turkey. 

Signed, respectively, 28 May, 1740, 25 June, 1802, and 25 Nov., 1838, at 
Constantinople. 

TEXT : French, France Tr. Ill : 577-601 ; Clercq 1 : 21-44 ; 588-90 ; 4 : 439-43 ; 
B. F. S. P. 100 : 730-54 ; 50 : 1265-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all advantages which either country may accord 
to other Powers with reference to right of French merchant vessels 
to free navigation of the Black Sea. (Treaty of 1802, Arts II and 
IX.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged to subjects and 
vessels of France respecting all rights, privileges, and immunities 
which Turkey may accord to the subjects or vessels of any foreign 
power. (Treaty of 1838, Art. I.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by 
Turkey as regards taxes payable by French merchants on purchase 
or sale of Turkish products resold for consumption in the interior of 
Turkey. (Ibid., Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) The capitulations of 1740 contain extensive and detailed stipu- 
lations in 85 articles relating to ambassadors, consuls, and other 
representatives and officials of either country; matters of commerce 
and industry ; privileges of French merchants in Turkey ; treatment 
of French merchant vessels and their crews and cargoes; and privi- 
leges of French bishops and religious orders in Turkey. These capit- 
ulations apply to all parts of the Turkish Empire, and to provinces 
tributary thereto. 

{h) The treaty of peace of 1802, besides renewing all earlier 
capitulations or treaties (Art. II) and stipulating reciprocal most- 
favored-nation treatment (as noted above under I), assures to French 
merchant vessels under the French flag the right to enter the Black 
Sea and to navigate freely therein, passing into or out of that Sea on 
the same terms and conditions as the merchant vessels of other na- 
tions. (Art. II.) Moreover, all rights, privileges, and prerogatives 
respecting commerce accorded to France in other parts of the Otto- 
man Empire by the old capitulations are extended by this treaty to 
countries on or near the Black Sea. (Art. III.) 

(c) The convention of 1838, besides confirming the existing capitu- 
lations and treaties (Art. I) and stipulating most- favored-nation 
and national treatment of French merchants (as noted above under 
II), deals with customs duties long since repealed, and extends the 



FRANCE AND VENEZUELA. 545 

treat}^ relations between the two countries to all provinces or posses- 
sions of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, Asia, or Africa. (Art. 
IX.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of France with the United States have been previously 
dealt with this volume under America, United States of, Nos. 20 
and 21. 

Treaty with Venezuela. 

No. 313.' 

C onvention of commerce and navigatio7i hetween France and Vene- 
zuela. 

SIGNED 19 Feb., 1902, at Paris. Ratifications exchanged 8 Aug., 1903, at 
Caracas. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. II.) 

TEXT: French, France Tr, 111:618-19; Clercq. 22:71-3; English (transl.), 
B. F. S. P. 95 : 428. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

{a) Establishment of nationals of either country in the other, with 
special reference to exercise of commerce and industries. (Art. I.) 

(b) All matters of commerce and navigation, with special ref- 
erence to importation, exportation, and transit. (Art. I.) 

{c) All that concerns customs duties and commercial operations 
in either country. (Art. I.) 

{d) Payment of taxes connected with any of the forementioned 
matters. (Art. I.) 



GERMANY.i-^ 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Ethiopia. 

Treaties of Germany with the following countries have been previ 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, !N"o. 



22. 
Argentina, No. 56. 
Austria, No. 65. 
Belgium, No. 101. 
Bolivia, No. 129. 
Bulgaria, No. 211. 
Chile, No. 222. 



China, No. 231. 

Colombia, No. 247. 

Denmark, No. 261. 

Ecuador, No. 279. 

Egypt (under British Empire), 

No. 204. 
Ethiopia (Abyssinia), No. 284. 



Treaty with the Allied and Associated Powers. 
Xo. 814. 

Treaty of peace hettceen Germany and the Allied and Associated 
Powers. 

SIGNED ''' 28 .June, 1919, at Versailles. Effective from 10 Jan., 1920, for in- 
definite term, but various time limits are placed on operation of specified articles 
of the treaty. 

CONTRACTING STATES: Tlie following- States have ratified the treaty: 
British Empire (including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and 
India), France, Italy, and Japan (these powers being described in the treaty 
as the Principal Allied and Associated Powers), Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, 
Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hedjaz, Honduras, Liberia, 
Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal. Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene 
State, Siam, Uruguay (these powers constituting, with the four principal powers 
above named, the Allied and Associated Powers), and Germany. 

TEXT: English and French (both authentic), G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 4, Cnid. 
153: U. S., 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 51; English, U. S., 66th Cong., 
1st sess., S. Doc. No. 41. For g".pecific references to contents, see Index to this 
treaty published in G. B. T. S., 1920, No. 1, Cmd. 516. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by 
Germany (subject to exceptions and limitations noted below under 
II a-g) to all Allied and Associated States in regard to: 

{a) Imfortatign, exportation, transit. — Every favor, immunity, 
or privilege granted by Germany in regard to importation, exporta- 
tion, or transit of goods. (Art. 267.) 

12S Yov detailed stipulations in Germany's treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919, with the 
Allied and Associated Powers concerning her treaty relations after the World War, 
see Arts. 282-95 of that treaty, noted in this volume under No. 314, VII i-rt. Treaties 
•of the former German Empire with the Allied and Associated Powers not now in force 
have been included in this volume to show the character and extent of the Empire's 
commercial treaty relations before the World War. 

129 Signed by the following powers: The United States of America, British Empire (in- 
cluding Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and India), France, Italy, and 
Japan, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, 
Hedjaz, Honduras, Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Serb- 
Croat-Slovene state, Siam, Uruguay, and Germany. 

* 546 



GEKMANY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 547 

(6) Importation. — All duties or charges (including- internal 
charges) » and all prohibitions or restrictions imposed on importation 
into German territory of products of any Allied or Associated State, 
from whatever place arriving. (Art. 264.) 

No discrimination to be made, on importation, against the com- 
merce of any Allied and Associated State, even by indirect means, 
such as customs regulations and procedure, methods of verification 
or analysis, conditions of payment of duties, tariff classification or 
interpretation, or the operation of monopolies. (Art. 265.) 

Until 10 Jan., 1923, the products which (being comprised in Sec- 
tion A of the first Category of the German customs tariff of 25 Dec, 
1902) enjoyed on 31 July, 1914, rates conventionalized by treaties 
with the Allied and Associated Powers, also all kinds of wine and 
vegetable oils, artificial silk, and washed or scoured wool, whether 
or not these additional articles were the subject of special conven- 
tions before 31 July, 1914, shall not, when imported into Germany 
from Allied and Associated States, be subject to higher duties than 
the most favorable rates applied to said products on 31 July, 1914. 
(Art. 269.) 

(c) Exportation. — iVll duties or charges (including internal 
charges) in all that concerns exportation of German products to any 
Allied and Associated State; and any prohibitions or restrictions 
on exportation of any goods sent from German territory to any such 
State. (Art. 266.) 

(d) Fishing, coasting trade, towage. — Treatment of vessels of 
Allied and Associated Powers in German territorial waters, as re- 
gards sea fishing, maritime coasting trade, and maritime towage. 
(Art. 271.) 

(e) Trade and industry. — Any prohibitions, regulations, or re- 
strictions in regard to occupations, professions, trade, and industry. 
(Art. 276^6.) 

(/) Aircraft. — Treatment of aircraft of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards internal commercial air traffic in Germany. (Art. 
318.) 

II. Exceptions and limitations. — The provisions of Articles 264 to 
272, 276, and 318 (stipulating most-favored-nation treatment as 
noted above under I a-f) are subject to the following exceptions and 
limitations : 

(a) Until 10 Jan., 1925, products which both! originate in and 
come from Alsace and Lorraine reunited to France shall, on importa- 
tion into German customs territory, be exempt from all customs 
duty. The amount of the products to enjoy this exemption is lim- 
ited to the average amounts sent annually in the years 1911-1913. 
(Art. 268 a.) 

54083—22 36 



548 GERMANY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWEES. 

(h) Until 10 Jan., 1925, Germany must allow free export and 
free reimportation into Germany, exempt from all customs duties and 
other charges (including internal charges), of textile materials or 
products of any kind sent from Germany into Alsace or Lorraine, to 
be subjected there to any finishing process. (Ibid.) 

{c) Until 10 Jan., 1923, products which both originate in and 
come from Polish territories which before the war were part of 
Germany shall, on importation into German customs territory, be 
exempt from all customs duty. The amount of the products to 
enjoy this exemption is limited to the average amounts sent annually 
in the years 1911-1913. (Art. 268 I.) 

(d) The Allied and Associated Powers maj^ require Germany to 
accord freedom from customs duty, on importation into German cus- 
toms territory, to products which both originate in and come from 
Luxemburg, until 10 Jan., 1925. The amount of products which may 
thus be sent annually into Germany is limited to the average sent 
annually in the years 1911-1913. (Art. 268 c.) 

(e) Obligations imposed on Germany by Articles 264 to 272 (noted 
above under I Or-d) shall cease to have effect after 10 Jan., 1925, unless 
the council of the League of Nations decides before 10 Jan., 1924, that 
these obligations shall be maintained for a further period with or 
without amendment. (Art. 280.) 

(/) Article 276 (noted above under I e) may be kept in operation 
after 10 Jan., 1925, with or without amendment, for a further period 
not exceeding five years, by a majority of the council of the League 
of Nations. (Art. 280.) 

(g) Article 318 (noted above under I /) remains in force until 
1 Jan., 1923, subject to contingency noted below under VI. (Art. 
320.) 

III. National and most-favoied-nation treatment is uncondition- 
ally pledged by Germany to all the Allied and Associated Powers 
(subject to exceptions and limitations noted below under IV) in 
regard to : 

(a) Ports, waterways, and railways. — Transit through German 
territories, by rail, waterway, or canal, of persons, goods, vessels, 
carriages, wagons, and mails coming from or going to any Allied 
and Associated State, whether contiguous or not. Such persons, 
goods, vessels, etc., shall not be subjected to any transit duty or to 
any delays or restrictions, and shall be entitled in Germany to 
national treatment as regards charges, facilities, and all other mat- 
ters. Goods in transit to be exempt from all customs or other 
similar duties. All transport charges to be reasonable, and no 
charge, facility, or restriction shall depend on ownership or nation- 
ality of the ship or other means of transport employed for any part 
of the through journey. (Art. 321.) 



GERMANY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 549 

(h) Taxes, charges, prohibitions. — Germany undertakes to make 
no discrimination or preference, direct or indirect, in the duties, 
charges, and prohibitions relating to importations into or exporta- 
tions from her territories, or (subject to special arrangements con- 
tained in this treaty) in the charges and conditions of transport of 
goods or persons entering or leaving her territories, based on na- 
tionality of ports or means of transpoi*t employed, or on any of the 
other grounds or reasons det^-iled. Germany particularly under- 
takes not to establish against the ports and vessels of any Allied or 
Associated Power any surtax or any direct or indirect bounty for 
export or import by German ports or ships, or by those of another 
power, for example, by means of combined tariffs. (Art. 323.) 

(c) Transit traffic. — Transportation of goods in transit from or 
to territories of Allied and Associated Powers, as regards rapidity 
of carriage and care en route, with special reference to perishable 
goods and customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. 324.) 

(d) Seaports. — Treatment of seaports of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards all favors and reduced tariffs granted on German 
railways or navigable waterways for the benefit of any German or 
other port. (Arts. 325-6.) 

(e) Navigation. — Treatment of vessels and property of nationals 
of the Allied and Associated Powers in ports and on inland naviga- 
tion routes in Germany, in all respects, including transport of goods 
and passengers without unnecessary impediment to or from any ports 
or places in German territory to which German vessels may have 
access, with special reference to port and harbor facilities and 
charges of every description, no matter by whom or how levied. 
(Art. 327.) 

(/) Free zones in forts. — Charges permitted to be levied for 
specified purposes (administration, upkeep, and improvement of port, 
and use of installations) on vessels and goods entering a free zone. 
Adequate facilities to be granted for erection of warehouses, and for 
packing and unpacking of goods, without discrimination between 
persons of different nationalities or between goods of different origin 
or destination. No import or export duties to be levied on goods 
entering or leaving the free zone, except import duties on goods 
leaving the free zone for consumption in the country on the territory 
of which the port is situated, and export duties on goods coming from 
such country into the free zone. Goods consumed in the free zone 
are exempt from all duties whatever, except a duty for traffic statistics 
not to exceed 1 per mille ad valorem. No import, export, or transit 
duty on goods carried by land or water across German territory to 
or from the free zone from br to any other State. (Art. 330.) 

(g) International waterways. — Equal treatment of the prop- 
erty and flags of all powers on the German waterways declared to 



550 GERMANY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

be international, with special reference to the Elbe, Oder, Niemen, 
and Danube. (Arts. 331-2.) The detailed regime concerning inter- 
national waterways set out in Articles 332 to 337 shall be superseded 
by a general convention (to which Germany undertakes to adhere 
in advance) drawn up by the Allied and Associated PoAvers and 
approved b}^ the League of Nations. (Art. 338.) 

(h) International transport. — ^Treatment on German railways 
of goods coming from territories pf the Allied and Associated 
Powers and going to Germany, or in transit through Germany from 
or to said territories, as regards charges, facilities, and all other 
matters ; with special reference to conditions of transport and length 
of route. (Art. 365.) 

(^) Use of railways. — Railway tariffs (including drawbacks and 
rebates) applicable under the same conditions of speed and comfort 
to transportation of emigrants going to or coming from ports of 
Allied and Associated Powers and using the German railways. Ger- 
many must cooperate in establishment of through ticket services (for 
passengers and their luggage) required by am' of said powers to 
ensure their communication by rail with each other and with all 
other countries by transit through Germany, and must accept trains 
and carriages coming from territories of said powers. (Arts. 367-9.) 

(j) Kiel Canal. — Treatment of the nationals, property, and ves- 
sels of all powers, as regards charges, facilities, and in all other re- 
spects ; the Canal and its approaches to be free and open to vessels 
of commerce and war of all nations at peace with Germany on terms 
of entire equality. (Arts. 380-2.) 

IV. Exceptions and limitations. — The stipulations in Articles 321 
to 330, 332, 365, and 367 to 369 (including those noted above under 
III a-i) are subject to revision by the council of the League of 
Nations at any time after 10 Jan., 1925. Failing such revision, no 
Allied or Associated Power can thereafter (unless this five-year 
period is prolonged by said council) claim the benefit of any of those 
stipulations for any portion of its territories in which reciprocity is 
not accorded in respect thereof. (Art. 378.) 

V. National treatment is pledged by Germany to nationals of the 
Allied and Associated Powers (subject to various time limits noted 
below under Y I Or-h ) in respect to : 

(a) Taxation. — All charges, taxes, or imposts, direct or indirect, 
imposed on nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers, their 
property, rights, or interests, including companies and associations 
in which they are interested. (Art. 276 c.) 

(h) Restrictions. — Any restriction which was not applicable to 
nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers on 1 July, 1914. 
(Art. 276 d.) 



I 



(JERMANY AND ATJJKD AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 551 

(c) Property rights. — Any measures in derogation of property 
rights affecting the property rights or interests restored to nationals 
of Allied and Associated Powers under Article 297 of this treaty, in- 
cluding companies and associations in which the}^ are interested. 
(Art. 298 h.) 

(d) Aerial navigation. — Treatment of aircraft of Allied and 
Associated PoTvers when passing over or landing in German terri- 
tory or territorial waters, particularly in case of distress by land or 
sea (Art. 313), including any regulations which Germany may make 
with reference to rights of passage, transit, and landing (Arts. 314 
and 316). 

(e) Aerodromes. — Use of aerodromes in Germany by aircraft of 
the Allied and Associated Powers, with special reference to charges 
of every description, including charges for landing and accommo- 
dation. ^ (Art. 315.) 

(/) Certificates and licenses. — Recognition of certificates of na- 
tionality, airworthiness, or competency, and of licenses issued or 
recognized as valid by any of the Allied and Associated Powers. 
(Art. 317.) 

(g) Railways. — Treatment of rolling stock of Allied and Associ- 
ated Powers on German railway lines, as regards movement, upkeep, 
and repairs. (Art. 370.) 

VI. Time limits. 

(a) Provisions of Articles 313 to 319 (including those noted above 
under V d-f) shall remain in force until 1 Jan., 1923, unless before 
that date Germany is admitted into the League of Nations, or author- 
ized by the Allied and Associated Powers to adhere to the conven- 
tion concluded between said powers relative to aerial navigation. 
(Art. 320.) 

(b) Article 276 (noted above under V a-h) may be kept in opera- 
tion after 10 Jan., 1925, with or without amendment, for a further 
period not exceeding five years by a majority of the council of the 
League of Nations. (Art. 280.) 

VII. Other provisions. 

(a) Unfair competition. — Germany undertakes to adopt all neces- 
sary legislative and administrative measures to protect products of 
any Allied and Associated Power from all forms of unfair competi- 
tion in commercial transactions ; and undertakes to prohibit and re- 
press by seizure and other appropriate remedies the importation, ex- 
portation, manufacture, distribution, or sale in its territory of all 
goods bearing marks or descriptions calculated to convey a false indi- 
cation of origin, type, nature, or special characteristics of such goofe 
(Art. 274.) 

(b) Regional appellations. — Germany undertakes (on condition 
of reciprocity) to respect laws and decisions of Allied and Associ- 



552 GEEMAIMY AliTD ALLIED AND ASSOCLATED POWEES. 

ated States duly communicated to her by proper authorities, defining 
or regulating the right to regional appellations for wines or spirits 
produced in the State to which the region belongs ; and to prohibit 
and repress by seizure and other appropriate remedies the impor- 
tation, exportation, manufacture, distribution, or sale of articles 
bearing regional appellations inconsistent with such law or order. 
(Art. 275.) 

(c) GovEENMENT TEADiNG. — If the German Government engages 
in international trade, it shall not in respect thereof have any rights, 
privileges, or immunities of sovereignty. (Art. 281.) 

(d) Aeeial NAVIGATION. — German aircraft flying over her terri- 
tory must comply with the rules for air traffic in the neighborhood 
of aerodromes, as laid down in the convention concluded between the 
Allied and Associated Powers, with special reference to lights, sig- 
nals, and rules of the air. (Art. 319.) 

(e) Teansmigeation. — Germany undertakes not to exercise any 
control over transmigration traffic through her territories beyond 
measures necessary to insure that passengers are bona fide in transit, 
nor to allow any shipping company or other private corporation or 
person interested in the traffic to take part in or exercise influence 
over any administrative service that may be necessary for this pur- 
pose. (Art. 322.) 

(/) Czechoslovakia. — Use of free zones in the ports of Hamburg 
and Stettin is assured to Czechoslovakia for transit of goods passing 
from or to that State. (Arts. 363-4.) 

(g) Pecuniaey claims. — Germany undertakes not to put forward 
directly or indirectly against any power signatory of this treaty any 
pecuniary claim based on events which occurred at any time before 
10 Jan., 1920; all claims of this nature are extinguished after that 
date, whoever may be the parties in interest. (Art. 439.) 

(A) Peize couets. — Germany accepts as valid and binding speci- 
fied decrees and orders made by any prize court of the Allied and 
Associated Powers, and waives all claims arising therefrom on be- 
half of any German national. Said powers reserve the right to ex- 
amine in their own way all decisions and orders of German prize 
courts. Germany agrees to furnish copies of all documents consti- 
tuting the record of the case, and to give effect to recommendations 
made after such examination. (Art. 440.) 

(i) CoNsuLAE oFFiCEEs. — Germany undertakes to approve consular 
officers which Allied and Associated Powers may appoint, and to 
admit them to the exercise of their functions in conformity with the 
usual rules and customs. (Art. 279.) 

(j) Teeaties. — Enumeration of multilateral treaties, conventions, 
and agreements to be applied, after 10 Jan., 1920, and subject to pro- 



GERMANY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCL\TED POWERS. 553 

visions of this treat}^, as between Ci-ermany and those of the Allied 
and Associated Powers party thereto. (Arts. 282-7.) 

(k) Each of the Allied and Associated Powers must, before 10 
July, 1920, notify to Germany the bilateral agreements of all kinds 
which such power wishes to revive with Germany ; all not thus noti- 
fied are and remain abrogated. This applies even to those of the 
Allied and Associated Powers who were not in a state of war with 
Germany. (Art. 289.) 

(l) Germany undertakes to adhere to any general conventions re- 
garding international regime of transit, waterways, ports, or rail- 
ways which may be concluded by the Allied and Associated Powers, 
with approval of the League of Nations, before 16 July, 1925. (Art. 
379.) 

(m) Germany renounces all rights accorded to her or her nationals 
by treaties, conventions, or agreements of whatsoever kind, to rep- 
resentation upon or participation in the control or administration of 
commissions, state banks, agencies, or other financial or economic 
organizations of an international character, exercising powers of 
control or administration, and operating in any of the Allied or As- 
sociated States, or in Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, or Turkey (or 
their dependencies), or in the former Eussian Empire. (Art. 258.) 
(n) Abrogation of all treaties, etc., concluded by Germany with 
her allies in the war from 1 Aug., 1914, to 10 Jan., 1920. (Art. 290.) 
(o) Extensive provisions concerning rights of industrial, literary, 
and artistic property. (Arts. 306-11.) 

Further extensive and detailed provisions relate to the following 
matters : 

(p) Political clauses for Europe. (Arts. 31-117.) 
(q) German rights and interests outside Germany. (Arts. 119- 
58.) 

(r) Eeparation (Arts. 231-47); financial clauses (Arts. 248-63). 
(s) Debts. (Art. 296 and annex.) 

(z^) Property, rights, and interests. (Arts. 297-8 and annex.) 
(u) Contracts, prescriptions, and judgments. (Arts. 299-303 and 
annex. ) 

(v) Mixed arbitral tribunal. (Arts. 304-5 and annex.) 
(w) Ports, waterways, and railways. (Arts. 321-86.) 
(x) Covenant of the League of Nations.^^^ (Arts. 1-26.) 
(y) Articles relating to labor.^^i (Arts. 387-427.) 
(s) Penalties (Arts. 227-30) ; and miscellaneous provisions (Arts. 
43^40). 

130 See No. 506. 

131 See No. 507. 



554 ' GERMANY AND GREECE. 

Treaty with Greece. 
No. 315. 

Treaty of coimnerce and navigation ~between Germany and Greece. 

SIGNED 9 July, 1884, at Athens. Effective from 2 Mar., 1885, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XVI.) Abrogates and replaces all commercial treaties previously made with 
Greece by individual German States. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 190G : 221-34 ; Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912 : 344- 
67 ; French, B. F. S. P. 75 : 48-58. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting any favor, privilege, immunity, or concession which 
either country may accord to any third Power with regard to im- 
portation, exportation, transit, or warehousing; with special ref- 
erence to reduction of import or export duties, and dues or customs 
formalities of any kind. (Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

{a) Treatment of citizens of either country exercising the follow- 
ing professions in the other : Druggists, brokers, peddlers, and other 
itinerant tradesmen. (Art. I.) 

{!)) Rights which commercial, industrial, and financial companies 
and associations of either country ma}^ exercise in the other. (Art. 
IV.) 

(c) Exceptional prohibitions w^hich either country may impose 
against the other on importation, exportation, or transit. (Art. 
VIII.) 

{d) Any favors or privileges which either country may grant in 
respect of its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 
XIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) All taxes, imposts, restrictions, or charges of any kind (gen- 
eral or local) imposed on citizens of either country in the other, ex- 
cept as noted below under V. (Art. I.) 

(&) All rights, privileges, and favors of any kind which either 
country may grant in matters of commerce, navigation, and industry 
(Art. I), except as noted below under V. 

((?) Military charges, contributions, or requisitions incumbent on 
possession of landed property in either country. (Art. V.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to: 
(<?) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty of all kinds, real or personal, by will or otherwise in any man- 
ner, and payment of taxes or imposts relating thereto. (Art. II.) 



GERMANY AND GREECE. 555 

(b) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or by agents, and payment of fees or charges of 
any kind relating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(c) All rights and privileges concerning access to courts of justice^ 
and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. III.) 

(d) An}" obligations, restrictions, imposts, or taxes imposed on 
citizens of either country in the other, as regards their persons or 
their property of any kind. (Art. V.) 

(e) Duties of excise, consumption, octroi, and other similar duties 
levied in either countr3\ These must not bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on national products. 
(Art. IX.) 

(/) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other in 
all matters concerning importation, exportation, transit, or ware- 
housing of merchandise, and all privileges, favors, and drawbacks 
relating thereto, with special reference to payments of taxes and cus- 
toms duties. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other, 
in all respects, from whatever place arriving and whatever their 
destination, with special reference to payment of duties for tonnage, 
lighthouse, pilotage, port, towage, quarantine, and similar dues affect- 
ing the hull of the ship, whether levied for the State, for public offi- 
cials, or for communes or corporations in either countr}^ (Art. 
XIII.) 

(h) An}^ privileges or favors which either country may accord 
with regard to stationing, loading, and unloading of vessels in its 
ports, roadsteads, and other waters, including any formalities or dis- 
positions affecting merchant vessels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(i) Any duties of supervision payable by vessels of either country 
in ports of the other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. 
XIV.) 

IV. other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea; from all military requisitions, con- 
tributions, charges, or forced loans (except charges incumbent on 
possession of landed property?-) ; and from obligation to accept any 
judicial, administrative, or rdunicipal office. (Art. V.) 

(h) Merchants, manufacturers, and their commercial travelers of 
either country may make purchases and solicit orders in the other, 
with or without samples. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties in either country, subject to customs regulations relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. VI.) 



556 GEKMAiq"Y A>TD HONDURAS. 

(d) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty shall be admitted into the other at the duties 
and under provisions specified in said tariffs. (Art. IX.) 

{e) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
laws of the country to which they belong. (Art. XI.) 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of Article I (noted above under 
II a^b) do not apply to druggists, brokers, peddlers, and other itin- 
erant tradesmen. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Haiti. 
No. 316. 

C onvention of Commerce hetween Germany and Haiti. 

SIGNED 29 July, 1908, at Port au Prince. Effective from 1 Sept., 1908, for 
three years, and ttiereafter until terminated by six months' notice from either 
party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1915 : 20-2 ; French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 1028-30. 

{a) Germany agrees to admit certain articles of Haitian origin 
enumerated in Table 1, annexed to this convention, at the lowest tariff 
rates applied to all similar products. (Art. I.) 

(Z>) Haiti agrees to admit certain products of German origin enu- 
merated in Table 2, annexed to this convention, at a reduction of 25 
per cent from the principal import duties, from the 50 per cent sur- 
taxes, and from the 33^ per cent duty provided in the Haitian mini- 
mum tariff by the law of 6 Sept., 1906. (Art. II.) 

((?) Beer shall be admitted into Haiti at one-third of the existin:g 
duty, and Moselle wines shall be taxed at the rate of white wines. 
(Art. III.) 

(<i) Detailed provisions concerning certificates of origin which 
must accompany merchandise in order that imports may benefit by 
the favors stipulated under «, &, and c above. (Art. IV.) 

{e) Haiti undertakes not to increase the tonnage duty, nor the 
principal import duties on German articles named in Table 2, nor the 
duties on beer and Moselle wines, so long as Germany does not alter 
the duties on Haitian products named in Table 1. (Art. Y.) 

Treaty with Honduras. 

No. 317. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hetween Germany 
and Honduras. 

SIGNED 12 Dec, 1887, at Guatemala. Effective from 2 July, 1888, for 10 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXXII.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906: 279-92; Bnsrlish (transl.). B. F. S. P. 79: 
1152-62. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights and privileges which either country 



GERMANY AND HONDURAS. 557 

may concede to any other nation in matters relating to commerce, 
navigation, and consuls (Art. XXX) ; except special favors which 
Honduras may grant to other Central American Kepublics (Art. 
XXXIII and protocol). 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Rights, liberties, and free concessions to which merchants of 
either country are entitled in the other with regard to commercial 
matters; with special reference to duties which either country may 
impose on importation of products of the other. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of mer- 
chandise to the other. (Art. XIII.) 

(c) Any prohibition or restriction imposed on importation or ex- 
portation of any articles of commerce between the two countries. 
(Art. XIII.) 

(d) Formalities required for proof of origin or destination of 
merchandise imported into either country. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) The coasting trade of both countries. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Treatment of warships of either country in ports of the other, 
and all rules and advantages relating thereto. (Art. XX.) 

{g) Appointment of consular officers (Art. XXI) and all priv- 
ileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to them in either coun- 
try (Art. XXII). . 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to go freely and securely 
with ships and cargoes to all ports, places, and rivers open to for- 
eigners in either country. (Art. II.) 

(6) Any charges, exactions, or taxes payable by citizens of either 
country in the other on account of their real and personal property. 
(Art. VI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Contributions, taxes, or obligations of any kind imposed on 

citizens of either country in the other on account of their residence, 
property, or business. (Art. III.) 

(h) All rights, privileges, and conditions concerning protection 
of persons and property in either country, including free access to 
courts of justice and employment of advocates* or other agents 
therein. (Art. V.) 

(c) Any dues or taxes payable by citizens of either country in 
the other on succession to or disposal of property by will or other- 
wise, including specified taxes on exportation of property. (Art. 
IX.) 

(d) Any extraordinary taxes, contributions, or loans imposed by 
either country on citizens of the other in case of war between the 



558 GEE MANY AND HONDURAS. 

two countries (Art. XI), with special reference to any charges or 
imposts payable in either country on real or personal property, 
credits, or claims of any kind (Art. XII.) 

(e) Tonnage, light, port, pilotage, quarantine, or any other dues 
payable on vessels of either country entering or leaving ports of the 
other. (Art. XIV.) 

(/) All duties, charges, or formalities imposed on articles of any 
kind imported into or exported from either country in ships of the 
other, from whatever place arriving and for sluj destination. (Art. 
XV.) 

(f/) Any duties payable by A^essels of either country loading or 
discharging foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage. (Art XVI.) 

(A) Any navigation dues payable by vessels of either country 
seeking refuge in ports or on coasts of the other from damage or 
shipwreck. (Art. XVII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country may travel and reside in any part 
of the other, and trade there by wholesale or retail, and conduct their 
business in any capacity, personally or by agents; also hire, pur- 
chase, and possess land, w^arehouses, and shops; transport merchan- 
dise and precious metals ; and receive consignment from the interior 
or from foreign countries. (Art. III.) 

(h) Xeither country to concede any monopoly, indemnification, or 
privilege to the detriment of the commerce, flag, or citizens of the 
other, except : 

(1) Government monopolies in either country. 

(2) Introduction or application of patents for inventions. 

(3) Privileges conceded by contract or title. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
personal military services by land or sea, from all extraordinary war 
contributions, forced loans or requisitions, and from obligation to 
accept political, administrative, and judicial offices. (Art. VI.) 

(d) The vessels, cargoes, merchandise, and effects of citizens of 
either country are exempt in the other from embargo or detention 
for any military expedition or public use, without just and sufficient 
indemnification being previously determined for all prejudices, losses, 
delays, and damages sustained. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Provisions concerning freedom of conscience and of religious 
worship, and right of burial at suitable places in either country. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(/) I^ig^^t of citizens of either country to acquire and possess all 
kinds of real and personal property in the other, and to dispose of 
the same in any manner, by will or otherwise. (Art. IX.) 



GERMANY AND HUNGARY. 559, 

{(/) Provision concerning nationality of citizens of either country 
and their children in the other. (Art. X.) 

(h) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either 
residing in the other may remain and continue their occupations 
or professions without molestation, so long as they do not transgress 
the laws of the country, their property of all kinds to be exempt 
from embargo or sequestration and from all charges or imposts not 
exacted from natives likewise. In case they prefer to leave the 
country the}^ shall be allowed to settle their affairs and dispose of 
their possessions and to take their property or proceeds thereof from 
the country without any deduction, and shall have a safe conduct 
to port. (Arts. XI, XIL) 

(/) Tonnage and other dues charged on capacity of vessels shall 
be ascertained in either country on ships of the other from the 
certificate of registry. (Art. XIV.) 

(j) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers required by the respective laws. (Art. XVIII.) 

(k) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to piracy (Art. 
XIX) : rights, immunities, and functions of consular officers (Arts. 
XXII-XXVIII) ; stranded or shipwrecked vessels (Art. XXIX) ; 
and procedure in case of violation of this treaty (Art. XXXI). 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty applies also to Luxem- 
burg, so long as it shall belong to the German customs and com- 
mercial system. (Protocol.) 

Treaty with Hungary. 
No. 318. 

Provisional commercial treaty hetioeen Germany and Hungai'^. 

SIGNED 1 .June, 1920, at Berlin. Ratifications exclianged 30 Dec, 1920. 
Effective from exchange of ratifications for three months, and thereafter until 
terminated by three months' notice from either party. (Art. XI.) 

TEXT: German and Hungarian, Reichsgbl. 1920:2228-35; English (transl.). 
State Department dispatch No. 1210, Budapest, 22 Apr., 1921. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below under V a-b) as the basis of economic re- 
lations between the two countries, with special reference to : 

{a) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country on 
importation, exportation, or transit ; import and export duties ; cus- 
toms formalities; internal consumption dues and similar taxes. 
(Arts. 1,1, and III.) 

{h) Acquisition and possession of movable and immovable prop- 
erty, and disposal thereof; also exercise of commerce, trade, industry, 
and agriculture by nationals and companies of either country in the 
other; and all duties, taxes, and other imposts or charges relating 
thereto. (Art. 1,2.) 



,560 GERMANY AND HUNGAEY. 

(c) Treatment in either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
commercial travelers from the other making purchases or soliciting 
orders under conditions stated, with special reference to payment 
of trade dues and treatment of travelers' samples in their possession. 
(Ibid., 3.) 

(d) Admittance and treatment of vessels and their crews and 
cargoes, with special reference to payment of navigation dues. 
(Ibid., 4.) 

(e) Conveyance of persons by carriers on land and waterways. 
(Ibid., 5.) 

(/) Appointment of consuls, and all rights, powers, and immunities 
accorded to consular officers in either country. (Art. X.) 

IL National and most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged respecting treatment of goods delivered to railways of either 
countr}^ for transportation to or through the other, as regards expedi- 
tion, freight rates, and public dues connected with transportation. 
(Annex I, 3.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : - 
(a) Admittance of ships and cargoes of either country into ports 

and territories of the other, and all conditions and dues relating 
thereto. This applies both to seagoing vessels and to inland naviga- 
tion and coasting trade. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Use of all public means of traffic in either country (roads, 
canals, locks, bridges, ports, landing places, etc.), and all operating 
equipment pertaining thereto, and all conditions and charges relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. IX.) *«**"^ 

(c) Treatment of inhabitants of either country in the other with 
reference to passenger and goods traffic on railways, as regards expe- 
dition, freight rates, and public dues connected with transportation. 
(Annex I, 2.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Subject to restrictions due to economic conditions as noted 
below under IV Z>, each country engages not to obstruct commerce 
with the other in any way by prohibitions against importation, ex- 
portation, or transit, except in the following cases applying to all 
countries under the same conditions : 

(1) War requirements in extraordinary circumstances. (Art. 

Ill, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Measures of sanitary police, or to protect animals and useful 
plants from injury or disease. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal legislation on production, sale, distri- 
bution, or consumption of similar national products. (Ibid., 4>^ 



GERMANY AND ITALY. 561 

(h) The system of import and export restrictions existing in both 
countries, due to economic consequences of the World AVar, shall re- 
"main in force so long as economic conditions demand, but shall be 
removed as the economic situation improves. Meantime both coun- 
tries will deal benevolently with applications for individual excep- 
tions. Detailed stipulations concerning import and export permits. 
(Arts. IV, V.) 

(c) Goods and persons coming from either country shall not be sub- 
ject in the other to any restriction or transit dues, except articles 
which are the object of a State monopoly or of a similar arrangement 
in the country of transit. But the transit of salt on the Danube is 
subject to no restrictions. (Art. VI.) 

(d) The railway traffic between the two countries is based on the 
international convention of 14 Oct., 1890, relating to railway goods 
traffic, and supplements thereto. Any changes in the provisions of 
this convention which may now be necessary shall be made by the 
contracting parties in manner .stated. (Annex I, 1.) 

(e) Detailed provisions designed to facilitate through traffic for 
persons and goods over railways of both countries. (Ibid., 4-8.) 

(/) Provisions concerning restoration to Germany of German loco- 
motives and railway carriages still in Hungarian territory. (Annex 

n.) 

V. Exceptions. — The most-favored-nation provisions of Article I 
(noted above under I a-e) do not apply to : 

(a) Favors which either party may accord to another State in 
virtue of a customs union. (Art. II.) 

(h) Favors accorded by either party to a bordering State to facili- 
tate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the border line. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 319. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Germany and Italy ^ 
and treaty additional thereto. 

SIGNED 6 Dec, 1891. Additional treaty signed 3 Dec, 1904."' Effective until 
31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Addl. treaty. Art. III.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 293-352 ; French, B. F. S. P. 83 : 259-305. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any favors, privileges, facilities, immunities, or tariff re- 
ductions which either country may accord to any third power ; with 
special reference to payment of duties on importation, exportation, 
and matters concerning transit, warehousing, local taxes, customs 
treatment and formalities, and internal duties of consumption and 

"2 German, Hdv. 1906 : 293-352 ; French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 1045-55. 



562 GERMANY AND ITALY. 

excise of all kinds, whether levied by the State or by communes or 
corporations in either country. (Arts. YII and IX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged' 
with regard to : 

(a) Treatment of citizens of either country engaged in the fol- 
lowing professions in the other : Pharmacists, brokers, peddlers, and 
other itinerant tradesmen. (Art. I.) 

(h) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation, exportation, or transit (Addl. tr.,^^- Art. VI), as 
noted under TVc below. 

(c) Any favors or privileges which either country may accord in 
respect to its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocity. (Art 
XIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, privileges, 
and favors of any kind which either country may grant in matters 
of commerce, industry, and navigation (except as noted below under 
V), and with reference to payment of any taxes, contributions, 
charges, or fees of any kind, whether general or local. (Art. I.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) All civil rights (except political), with special reference to 

acquisition, possession, and disposal of or succession to all kinds of 
property, movable or immovable, in any manner whatever, and pay- 
ment of taxes or imposts relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other personally or otherwise, subject only to restrictions estab- 
lished by law in either country. (Art. III.) 

(c) All rights and immunities concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice, and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. 

ni.) 

(d) Any obligations, restrictions, or taxes which either country 
may impose on citizens of the other as regards their persons or prop- 
erty of any kind, including military requisitions, contributions, or 
charges incumbent on possession of landed property. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Internal duties on production or consumption, whether levied 
in either country by the State or by municipalities or corporations. 
These must not bear more heavily on products of the other country 
than on similar articles of domestic production. (Art. X.) 

(/) Treatment of merchandise from either country on railways of 
the other, with special reference to rates, time, and manner of trans- 
portation, except only reduced rates for a public or charitable pur- 
pose. (Art. Xa.) 

(g) Equal treatment of vessels of either country as regards im- 
portation, exportation, transit, or warehousing of any goods what- 

132 German,. Hdv. 1906 : 293-352 ; French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 1045-55. 



GERMAlSrY AND ITALY. Ig^S 

ever, whether carried in vessels of either nation, with special refer- 
ence to customs dues, and any restrictions, privileges, reductions, 
bonuses, or rebates relating thereto. (Addl. tr.^^^ Art. XII.) 

(h) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other, 
in all respects, from whatever place arriving and whatever their 
destination, with special reference to dues for tonnage, lighthouse, 
port, quarantine, and any other dues imposed on the hull of the 
ship, under whatever name, whether levied for the State, for public 
officials, communes, or for establishments of any kind. (Art. XIII.) 

(^) Any privilege or favor in matters concerning the stationing, 
loading, or unloading of vessels in the ports, roadsteads, bays, and 
basins of either country, including any formalities or regulations 
affecting vessels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. XIII.) 

(j) Any dues pa3^able by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XIV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea, from all forced loans and other 
extraordinary contributions of any kind, from quartering of troops, 
and from obligation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal 
office, except military charges and requisitions incumbent on pos- 
session of landed property in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(b) Provisions concerning treatment in either country of nier- 
chants and commercial travelers from the other (Art. V) ; and 
exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and ex- 
port duties in either country, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto (Art. V). 

(c) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Consideration of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, noxious insects, and parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws pro- 
hibiting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation 
of similar articles of national production. (Addl. tr.,^^^ ^j,^ y1.) 

(d) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 
tinnexed to this treaty, when imported into the other, shall pay the 
duties specified in these tariffs. (Art. VII, final protocol, and addl. 
tr./^2 ^Yt I.) 

(e) Certificates of origin and all other certificates required for 
customs purposes shall be issued and legalized by the competent au- 
thorities gratuitously. (Art. VIII.) 

i»2 German, Hdv. 1906 : 293-352 ; French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 1045-55. 
54083—22 37 



564 GERMANY AND JAPAN. 

(/) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
laws of each country. (Art- XI and final protocol.) 

(g) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or appli- 
cation of tariffs A and B annexed to this treaty, or concerning rates 
of conventional tariffs of either country, and statement of procedure 
relating thereto. (Addl. tr..^^^^ j^^^ xiV a.) 

(h) Extensive tariff schedules of import duties paj^able in either 
country on products of the other, and detailed specifications relat- 
ing thereto. (Addl. tr.,!^^ j^^^^ yjj ^^^^j xil.) 

V. Exception. — The national treatment provisions of Article T 
(noted above under II) do not apply to pharmacists, brokers, ped- 
dlers, and other itinerant trades (Art. I) ; but most-favored-nation 
treatment is pledged, as noted above under I a. 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty applies to countries and 
provinces which may be united with either country in a customs 
union. (Art. XV.) ^ 

Treaties with Japan. 
No. 320. 
Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Germany and Japan. 

SIGNED 24 June, 1911, at Berlin. Ratifications exchanged 15 July, 1911,. 
at Tokyo. Eteective from 17 July, 1911 until 16 July, 1923, and thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XIX.) 

T^EXT : German, Hdv. 1915 : 23-30 ; French, .Japan Tr. 1918 : 479-86 ; B. F. 
S. P. 105 : 646-57. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms with regard to all privileges^ 
favors, or immunities of any kind which either country may accord 
to vessels or subjects of any other State in matters concerning com- 
merce, navigation, and industry, in all respects. (Art. XVII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) All matters concerning residence, studies, and investigations ; 
exercise of trades and professions; or execution of industrial and 
manufacturing enterprises, in all respects. (Art. I, 1.) 

{b) Acquisition and possession of immovable property of any 
kind which laws of the country permit foreigners to acquire or 
possess, on condition of reciprocity, and subject to conditions and 
restrictions prescribed by said laws. (Art. I, 5.) 

{c) Any duties or charges of any kind which either country 
may impose on exportation of any articles to territories of the 
other. (Art. IV.) ).ir> 

{d) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
against the other regarding importation, exportation, or transit 
(Art. V), as noted below under IV d. 

"^ German, Hdv. 1906 : 293-352 ; French, B. F. S. P 100 : 1045-55. 



GERMANY A^T> JAPAN. 565 

(e) Treatment of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial 
travelers of either country in the other with regard to facilities and 
imposts. (Art. VII.) 

(/) All facilities, fees, or charges affecting treatment of mer- 
chants, manufacturers, or commercial travelers of either country in 
the other. (Art. VII.) 

(g) Rights Avhich stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial societies and associations of either country may 
exercise in the other. (Art. IX.) 

(7?) All facilities, privileges, and immunities to be accorded in 
territorial waters of either country to vessels charged with a regular 
postal service of the other. (Art. XIV.) 

(i) Any rights or privileges which either country may accord in 
respect of its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 
XV.) 

ijll. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
(flprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) All privileges, liberties, and rights, and all imposts or 
charges, concerning possession of personal property of any kind, 
ar concerning transmission of any personal property lawfully ac- 
quired inter vivos, and disposal in any manner of all kinds of prop- 
erty lawfully acquired. (Art. I, 4.) 

(b) Military requisitions or contributions which either country 
may impose on citizens of the other. (Art. I, 6.) 

(c) Any charges or taxes imposed on citizens of either country in 
the other. (Art. I, 7.) 

(d) All charges or dues for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, 
lighthouse, quarantine, and all similar duties or charges of any 
kind, no matter by whom or how levied in territorial waters of 
either country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving 
and whatever their destination. (Art. XIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 
(a) Right of citizens of either country to travel in all parts of 
the other, and to trade there in all articles of lawful commerce. 
(Art. I, 2.) 

(h) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and ail books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination; except under conditions and with legal forms ap- 
plying to citizens of the country. (Art. II.) 

(c) Treatment of citizens of either country in the other as re- 
gards exemption from transit duties, and in all matters relating 
to warehousing, bounties, drawbacks, and facilities, concerning im- 
portation or exportation of merchandise. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Importation and exportation. Whatever articles may be 
lawfully imported into or exported from either country in its own 



566 GERMANY AND JAPAN. 

vessels, may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and for any destination ; without pay- 
ing other or higher duties or charges of any kind, and subject to 
the same bounties or drawbacks, as when carried in national ves- 
sels. (Art. X.) 

(e) All privileges and facilities which either country may ac- 
cord in regard to stationing, loading, or unloading of vessels in the 
territorial waters of either nation. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded to vessels 
seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country in the other to possess or 
hire and occupy houses, factories, stores, shops, and other premises. 
and to lease lands for residential and for lawful, commercial, indus- 
trial, or other uses. (Art. I, 3.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all taxes in sub- 
stitution therefor, and from all forced loans. (Art. I, 6.) 

(c) Citizens of either country may enter, with ships and cargoes, 
all places, ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in territories 
of the other. (Art. III.) 

{d) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibition of importation, exportation, or transit; except in 
the following cases applying to all countries under the same con- 
ditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. V, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public security. (Ibid.,' 2.) 

(3) Considerations of public health, and to protect animals and 
useful plants from disease or parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal legislation on production or distribution 
of similar domestic merchandise. (Ibid., 4.) 

(e) Temporary duty-free admission of travelers' samples, subject 
to customs regulations and formalities relating thereto. (Arts. 
VII, VIII.) 

(/) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial, or financial 
associations duly constituted in either country are authorized to 
exercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions 
m courts of justice. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Nationality of vessels to be determined (for purposes of this 
treaty) by the laws of each country. (Art. XII.) 

(A) Vessels of either country may load or discharge foreign 
cargo (and passengers to or from foreign ports) at different ports 
of the other on the same voyage; but coasting trade is excepted. 
(Art. XV.) 



GERMANY AND JAPAN. 567 

(i) In case of stranded or shipwrecked vessels, salvaged merchan- 
dise is exempt from customs duties, unless cleared for internal con- 
sumption. (Art. XVI.) 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty applies also to countries 
and territories belonging to the customs territorv of either party. 
(Art. XVIII.) 

Xo. 821. 

Special and reciprocal customs convention hetiveen Germany and 
Japan. 

SIGNED 24 June, 1911, at Berlin. Ratifications exchanged 15 Only, 1911, at 
Tokyo. Effective until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1915:30-5; French, .Japan Tr. 1918:486-92; B. F. 
S. P. 105 : 652-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment. — Products of either country 
when imported into the other, from whatever place arriving, shall 
pay the lowest import duties applicable to similar articles of any 
other foreign origin (Art. II) ; subject to exceptions noted below 
under IV. 

II. National treatment. — Products of either country duly im- 
ported into the other shall not be subject to other or higher taxes or 
duties of octroi, transit, warehousing, excise, or consumption than 
are payable on similar articles of national origin (Art. Ill) ; sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below under IV. 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs A and B 
annexed to this convention, when imported into the other, shall be 
admitted under the conditions specified in said tariffs, from what- 
ever place arriving. (Art. I.) 

{h) Certificates of origin may exceptionally be required by either 
country for articles imported from the other, under conditions stated. 
(Art. IV.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this convention do not ap- 
ply to : 

{a) Tariff concessions accorded by either country to bordering 
States only to facilitate traffic within a limited frontier zone. (Art. 
VI.) 

(Z>) Treatment accorded to products of the national fishing indus- 
try of either country. (Ibid.) 

{c) Special tariff favors conceded by Japan with regard to fish 
and other aquatic products taken in territorial waters of a neighbor- 
ing nation. (Ibid.) 

V. Territorial application. — The provisions of this convention ap- 
ply also to countries and territories belonging to the customs terri- 
tory of either party. (Art. V.) 



568 GERMANY AND LIBERIA. 

Treaty with Liberia. 
No, 322. 

Treaty of friendshij)^ commerce^ and navigation between the North 
German Confederacy and Liberia. 

SIGNED 31 Oct., 1867, at Hamburg. Effective from 1 July, 1868, for 12 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. VIII.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906:399-403; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 59: 
904-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is i-eciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting all rights and privileges of any 
kind (Art. II), with special reference to any favor, preference, or 
immunity which either country may grant to subjects of any other 
State in matters of commerce or navigation (Art. VI). 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

{a) Right of subjects of either country to reside and carry on 
trade in all parts of the other where foreigners may be admitted. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Duties imposed by either country on merchandise imported 
from the other in vessels of any nationality, or imported in ships of 
the other from any country. (Art. lY.) 

{c) All favors or privileges concerning exportation of products 
of either country by subjects or in ships of the other. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to: 
{a) Exercise of commerce in either country by subjects of the 

other, without limitation or restriction by reason of monopolies, con- 
tracts, or other exclusive privileges of purchase or sale. (Art. II.) 

yh) All tonnage, import, or other dues, taxes, or tolls levied by 
either country on ships of the other and on merchandise imported or 
exported therein. (Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Full protection assured to subjects of either country in the 
other as regards their persons and property. (Art. II.) 

{h) Each country undertakes not to prohibit merchandise im- 
ported from the other in any vessels or imported in ships of the 
other from any country. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Reciprocal protection against pillage of vessels of either coun- 
try wrecked on coasts of the other. (Art. V.) 

{d) Right of either country to appoint consuls in the other for 
protection of commerce. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Any member State of the Germanic customs union may ac- 
cede to this treaty at any time in manner stated. (Art. IX.) 



GERMANY AND MEXICO. 569 

Treaty with Mexico. 

No. 323. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation between Germany 
and Mexico. 

SIGNED 5 Dec, 1882. at Mexico. Effective from 26 July, 1883, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XXIII.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 483-91 ; Spanish, Mexico Tr. Vig. 1:5-7; Eng- 
lish (transl.), B. F. S. P. 78: 709-16. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights and privileges which either country 
may grant to any other nation in all that concerns commerce, navi- 
gation, and consular jurisdiction. (Art. XXII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Free and secure access with ships and cargoes to all places, 
ports, and rivers open to foreigners in either country. (Art. II.) 

(6) Right to reside in any part of either country, and to occupy 
and hire houses and warehouses for commerce, by wholesale or re- 
tail, and all rights, privileges, and immunities relating thereto. 
(Art. II.) 

{c) Admission of warships of either country to all places, ports, 
and rivers of the other where foreign warships may enter, and treat- 
ment to which they are entitled. (Art. III.) 

(d) Any duties or formalities imposed on merchant vessels of 
either country loading or unloading foreign cargo at different ports 
of the other on the same voyage, but coasting trade is expressly ex- 
cepted. (Art. IV.) 

{e) Any concessions or privileges which either country may grant 
in respect to its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocitv. (Art. 
IV.) 

(/) All general or local duties or imposts of any kind levied on 
behalf of public functionaries of either country on ships of the other ; 
with special reference to duties for tonnage, harbpr, pilotage, light- 
house, quarantine, and salvage. (Art. V.) o^rro'i 

{g) All facilities accorded to steamships of either country per- 
forming periodical voyages between the two countries. (Art. VI.) 

(A) Jurisdictional limit of territorial waters to be applied by either 
country to ships of the other, for purposes named under III c below. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(^) Right to import any articles of commerce into either eountry 
in ships of the other which may be imported in foreign vessels, from 
whatever place arriving, and payment of duties relating thereto. 
(Art. IX.) 



570 GEKMANY AND MEXICO. 

(j) Duties on importation, reexportation, or transit which either 
country may impose on products of the other. (Art. X.) 

(k) Anj^ duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
articles of commerce to the other. (Art. X.) 

(I) Any prohibitions imposed by either country to the prejudice of 
the other in respect of importation, exportation, or transit. (Art. X.) 

(m) All rights and guarantees granted by either country respect- 
ing persons, property, trade, business, or religion. (Art. XIII.) 

(n) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities which either coun- 
try may grant to diplomatic agents. (Art. XVIII.) 

(o) Appointment of consular officers, and all privileges, rights,^ 
and immunities granted to them in either country. (Art. XIX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Assistance and protection to vessels of either country stranded 
or shipwrecked within the jurisdiction of the other. (Art. XII.) 

(h) All privileges and obligations concerning free access to courts 
of justice in either country. (Art. XIII.) 

(c) All duties, imposts, or contributions of any kind payable by 
citizens of either country in the other, including any charges, requi- 
sitions, or contributions imposed on real property for a foreign war. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(d) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to,, 
movable property in either country, by will or otherwise, and all 
rights, privileges, obligations, conditions, duties, and imposts relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. XV.) 

(e) Right of citizens of either country to dispose of their property 
in the other, by will or otherwise. (Art. XV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Tonnage dues shall be calculated on the registered burden of 
vessels. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are subject to the laws and regula- 
tions of the other in all that relates to police of ports, loading and 
unloading of vessels, and custody of goods and effects. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Limit of maritime jurisdiction of either country (for coast- 
guard and customhouse service, and prevention of smuggling) to be 3 
sea leagues from low-water mark. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Assistance and protection to citizens and vessels of either 
country seeking refuge in ports or territories of the other from 
damage or shipwreck. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Merchandise salvaged from vessels of either country is exempt 
in the other from all duties or charges of any kind, unless entered 
for Consumption in the country. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all per- 
sonal military service by land or sea; from all contributions in sub- 



GERMANY AND MONTENEGRO. 571 

stitution therefor ; from forced loans, and from charges, requisitions, 
and contributions for a foreign war ; unless imposed on real property. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(g) Citizens of either country inheriting real property in the 
other, if unable to own it as foreigners, have three years to dispose 
of the same. (Art. XV.) 

(h) In case of hostilities between the two countries, citizens of 
either country residing in the other may remain and continue their 
trade or occupation so long as they behave peaceably and observe 
the laws, and shall continue to enjoy the rights and privileges stipu- 
lated in Articles XIII to XV of this treaty (noted above under I m, 
II h-e^ and III f-g). Their goods, property, and effects shall be 
free from seizure, embargo, or confiscation. (Art. XVI.) 

(^) Diplomatic representatives not to interfere officially in matters 
within jurisdiction of the courts, except for denial of justice, mani- 
fest, violation of treaties, or of rules of international law. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

(j) The Mexican Government not to be responsible for losses, dam- 
ages, or exactions suffered by Germans in Mexico during insurrection 
or civil war, or from tribes of Indians not under the control of the 
Government. (Art. XVIII.) 

(k) Provisions concerning functions, privileges, and obligations 
of consular officers (Art. XX), with special reference to recovery of 
seamen deserters (Art. XXI). 

IV. Exceptions. — The coasting trade of either country is reserved 
for its national vessels. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Montenegro. 
Xo. 324. 

Convention of commerce and navigation between Germany and 
Montenegro. r 

SIGNED 18 June, 1907, at Cetinje. Effective from 11 Mar., 1908, until 31 
Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. II.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1915 : 73-4 ; French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 338-9. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms to the subjects and products of either country in all matters 
concerning commerce and navigation, and establishment of nationals 
of either country in the other, with special reference to importation, 
exportation, transit, customs duties, commercial operations, exercise 
of commerce and industry, and payment of taxes relating to any of 
these. (Art. I.) 



572 GERiVLANY AND NETHERLANDS. 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 
No. 325. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween the German customs 
union and the Netherlands and protocol amending the same. 

SIGNED 31 Dec, 1851. Duration indefinite. Terminable on 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. XXXV.) 
TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 503-24 ; French, B. F. S. P. 40 : 1109-28. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged as follows: 

(a) Reciprocal and unconditional most-favored-nation treatment, 
as regards duties payable in Germany on products of Dutch fisheries 
and products of Dutch colonies; and duties payable in the Nether- 
lands or its colonies on any products of Germany, from whatever 
place and by whatever route arriving, by land, sea, or interior water- 
ways, except special favors which may be accorded in Dutch colonies 
to Asiatic countries regarding importation of their products or 
their exportations. (Arts. XXVII-XXIX, XXXII and protocol.) 

{h) Reciprocal but conditional most-favored-nation treatment, as 
regards any favors in matters of commerce or customs which either 
country may accord thereafter to any other States, except favors 
which Germany may grant to Austria or Switzerland. (Art. 
XXXIII and protocol.) 

((?) German citizens to enjoy in Dutch colonies all favors which 
may be accorded to subjects of any other European State. (Art. 
XXX.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to all 
privileges, immunities, or favors in matters of commerce or industry, 
including duties, taxes, or other imposts relating thereto, and protec- 
tion of persons and property. (Art. XXIY.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged with regard to: 

{a) Treatment of vessels of either country in all navigable waters 
of the other, whether maritime or fluvial, natural or artificial, in- 
cluding canals, channels, etc., in all matters noted below under 
II&-/. (Art. X.) 

{fi) All duties or charges of every description levied by either 
country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
whatever their destination, no matter by whom or how levied, with 
special reference to dues for tonnage, pilotage, quarantine, salvage, 
warehousing, etc. (Arts. I and XXII.) 

(c) Any objects of commerce which may legally be imported into 
or exported from either country in its own vessels, may likewise be 
imported or exported in ships of the other, whatever the place of 
origin or destination of the cargoes, and whether destined for con- 
sumption, transit, reexportation, or storage; all on the same condi- 
tions and subject to the same duties, dues, exemptions, drawbacks, 



GERMANY AND PARAGUAY. 573 

and other favors or advantages as when carried in national vessels, 
except special favors accorded by either country to its vessels em- 
ployed in the national fisheries. (Arts. II-IV.) 

(d) All privileges or favors granted by either country in regard 
to stationing, loading, or unloading of vessels, including all formali- 
ties and arrangements affecting merchant vessels and their crev^s or 
cargoes. (Art V.) 

(e) Treatment of each other's vessels seeking refuge from damage 
or shipwreck. (Arts. VII, VIII.) 

(/) ^o priority or preference to be granted by either country, 
directly or indirectly, nor by any person acting under its authority, 
respecting purchase of articles imported in its own vessels. (Art. 
IX.) 

National treatment is also assured to German vessels and their 
cargoes in regard to : 

(g) The maritime coasting trade of the Netherlands. (Art XI 
and protocol.) 

(h) Treatment of German vessels and their cargoes in Dutch 

colonies in regard to various matters specified, from whatever 

place arriving and whatever their destination; except the colonial 

coasting trade, which is reserved for Dutch vessels. (Art. XXXI.) 

/III. Other provisions. 

(a) Extensive stipulations regarding exemptions and restrictions 
of duties and other charges on shipping between the two countries, 
under conditions specified in detail. (Arts. XIV-XXI.) 

(h) Detailed stipulations regarding transit of merchandise. 
(Arts. XXV, XXVI.) 

(c) Schedule of duties payable on importation of German prod- 
ucts into Dutch East Indian colonies, when shipped in manner 
specified direct from Netherland ports. (Art. XXXII and protocol.) 

Treaty with Paraguay. 
No. 326. 

Treaty between Germany and Paraguay for reciprocal concession of 

most- favored-nation treatment. 

■ J 

SIGNED 2] .Tilly. 1887, at Asuncion. Effective from S INIay, 1888. for 10 years," 
and thereafter nntil terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. IV.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 3906:788; Spanish. Paraguay Tr. 1890:89-91; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 78:771-3. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to the representatives, agents, officials, subjects, and citi- 
zens of either country in the other respecting all rights, privileges, 
benefits, immunities, and exemptions concerning their functions, 



574 GERMANY AND PERSIA. 

persons, or property which either party may concede to the repre- 
sentatives, agents, officials, subjects, or citizens of any other nation 
in all that relates to trade, industry, and navigation, and in any 
other matter (Art. II) ; except the special privileges of free trade 
reserved by Article XIII of the tl^eaty of T June, 1883,^^^ between 
Paraguay and Brazil in favor of the Province Matto-Grosso (Pro- 
tocol annexed). 

II. Other provisions. — Consular officers may celebrate marriages 
between their nationals in conformity with laws of their country; 
but not when one of the parties is a subject or citizen of the country 
where the consul resides. (Art. III.) 

Treaty with Persia. 

No. 327. 

Treaty of friendship^ coinmerce^ and 7iaw'gation between Germany 
and Persia. 

SIGNED 11 June, 1873, at St. Petersburg. Duration indefinite; subject to 
termination on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. XIX.) 
TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 ; 788-96 ; French, B. F. S. P. 63 : 4.5-52. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights, privileges, immunities, and exemp- 
tions in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. IV.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further recixorocally pledged with 
regard to : 

{a) Reception and treatment by either country of envoys and dip- 
lomatic agents from the other, and all honors, prerogatives, and im- 
munities relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

{h) All honors and privileges granted by either country to con- 
sular officers. (Art. III.) 

{c) Reception and treatment of subjects of either country travel- 
ing or doing business in the other, and their right to import, export, 
or transport merchandise to or from either country by land or sea 
and to exercise commerce throughout either country, subject to the 
laws and regulations in force. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Right of subjects of either country to hire houses, stores, and 
shops in the other and all imposts relating thereto. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Conditional right of German subjects to acquire and possess 
lands, houses, shops, and other immovable property in Persia in case 
this right is accorded by Persia to subjects of any foreign nation. 
(Art. VI.) 

(/) Customs duties and taxes payable in either country by sub- 
jects of the other on importation or exportation of merchandise. 
(Art. VII.) '^"J^«J 

■ ^ ~i — .ii\ h; ' 

1S3 English, E. r. S. P. 7-4:937. 



GERMANY AND PERSIA. 



575 



(g) Treatment of merchant vessels of either country in ports, 
bays, roadsteads, and rivers open to maritime commerce m the other, 
whether engaged in importation, exportation, or any other opera- 
tions of lawful commerce (Art. VIII), with special reference to pay- 
ment of dues or charges for tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, quarantine, 
or other dues or charges under whatever name, whether levied for 
the Crown, for cities, or private establishments of any kind (Art. 

IX). ^ ^ . 

(h) Assistance, protection, and other privileges accorded to vessels 
of either country wrecked on coasts of the other. (Art. X.) 

(^) Treatment of German subjects in Persian localities where there 
is no German diplomatic or consular agent, with reference to domi- 
ciliary visits or search of premises by Persian officials. (Art. XI.) 

(;) Treatment of Persian subjects in Germany with reference to 
matters involving negotiable instruments or commercial contracts. 

(Art. XII.) 

(k) Right of Persian representatives, consuls, and agents to inter- 
vene heiore German authorities on behalf of their nationals for pro- 
tection of their rights and interests in Germany (Art. XIII), and 
on behalf of their bankrupt nationals in Germany under conditions 
stated (Art. XIV). 

(I) Judicial process to be applied in either country to subjects ot 
the other involved in matters of criminal jurisdiction. (Art. XVI.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Persian subjects in Germany with regard to protection of 
their rights and interests by German laws and tribunals. (Art. 
XIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of either country to appoint three consuls in the other 
at places named; German consular agents engaging in commercial 
affairs are subject in Persia, as regards their commerce, to the same 
laws and customs as German subjects. (Art. III.) 

(h) Right of subjects of either country to travel in and through 
the othei^with special reference to safe conducts and other protec- 
tion to be given by local authorities in either country. (Art. V.) 

(c) Persian officials may not enter by force into houses, stores, 
and shops of German subjects, nor make any domiciliary search 
except in the presence of representatives of the German diplomatic 

agent or consul. (Art. XI.) ^ -, / * ^ v\ a f(\ 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning shipwrecks (Art. A) and otti- 
cial endorsements of commercial contracts. (Art. XII.) 

(e) Disputes arising in Persia between German subjects shall be 
settled by German officials, in accordance with German laws, with- 
out interference from local authorities; disputes between Germans 



576 GERMANY AND PORTUGAL. 

and subjects of other foreign nations shall be judged exclusively by 
their respective agents or consuls; disputes between German and 
Persian subjects shall be judged by Persian-tribunals in the presence 
of German officials in the manner described. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Consular administration in either country of estates of their 
deceased nationals. (Art. XV.) 

(g) Detailed provisions relating to bankruptc}^ (Art. XIV), 
naturalization (Art. XVII), and reciprocal friendship in case either 
country is at Avar with any third powder. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Territorial application. — The provisions of this treaty appl}^ 
also to Luxemburg so long as it is included within the Gern:ian : 
customs s^'Stem. (Art. XX.) 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 328. 

Treaty of conunerce and navigation hetioeen Germany and Portugal. 

SIGNED 30 Nov., 1908, at Oporto. Ratilication exchanged 21 May, 1910. 
Effective from 4 June, 1910, for five years, ami thereafter until terminated by 
12 months' notice from either party (Art. XXV). or on six months' notice under 
conditions stated (Protocol, Art. II; exchange of notes, attached). 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1915 : 77-115 ; French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 924-36. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) in all matters con- 
cerning importation and import duties, exportation and export 
duties, reexportation and reexport duties, customs formalities, ware- 
housing, transshipment of merchandise, drawbacks, exercise of com- 
merce, and navigation in general. (Art. IV and final protocol.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) Germany's treatment of products of Portuguese colonies re- 
exported from Portugal (to be the same as accorded to products of 
Portugal) on condition that most- favored-nation treatment is ac- 
corded to German commerce in Portuguese colonies. (Art. XI and 
final protocol.) 

{h) Any prohibitions which either country may impose against 
importation, exportation, or transit (Art. XII and notes 3 and 4) as 
noted below under IV /. 

(c) Any advantages relating to stationing, loading, and unloading 
of vessels in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, or rivers, which either 
country may grant to vessels and their cargoes of any other nation, 
from whatever place arriving, and whatever the origin or destination 
of the cargoes, with special reference to dues for tonnage, port, pilot- 
age, lighthouse, quarantine, and similar dues under whatever name. 
(Art. XVI.) 



GERMANY AND PORTUGAL. 577 

(d) Treatment of merchandise imported into either country in 
ships of the other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, 
reexportation, or transit, with special reference to payment of im- 
port duties and taxes for warehousing, supervision, or other customs 
services. (Art. XVIII.) 

(e) Eight of either country to appoint consular officers in the 
oth^r and all privileges accorded to them by either party. (Art. XX.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally^ pledged with regard to the quartering of troops and 
other militarj^ requisitions, contributions, or charges incumbent on 
possession of landed property iii either country. (Art. II.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) All privileges, immunities, and other favors of any kind in 

matters of commerce and industry in either country and payment of 
taxes, imposts, or fees relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

(h) All duties, charges, or imposts payable by subjects of either 
countrv on withdrawal of their property or effects from the other. 
(Art. ill.) 

(c) Excise, octroi, or consumption duties, whether levied by the 
State or b}^ communes in either country. These must not bear more 
heavily on imported products of the other country than on similar 
national products. (Art. IX.) 

(d) All favors and immunities accorded by laws of either coun- 
try to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes, with 
special reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. XXII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
militar}^ service by land or sea and from forced loans and all mili- 
tary charges, requisitions, and contributions of any kind, except 
charges incumbent on landed property, as noted under II above. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Properties, vessels, cargoes, merchandise, and effects belong- 
ing to subjects of either country are exempt in the other from 
sequestration or detention for any public use unless just indemnifi- 
cation is allowed in advance. (Art. II.) 

(e) Products of Germany imported direct (as defined) into Por- 
tugal pay duties provided in the Portuguese tariff, except articles 
enumerated in Table A annexed to this treaty. (Arts. V-VII and 
final protocol.) 

(d) Detailed provisions defining " direct " importation (Arts. 
VI- VII) and concerning certificates of origin (Art. VIII). 

(e) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country 
are exempt in the other from all transit duty. (Art. X.) 



578 GEEMANY Al^D PORTUGAL. 

(/) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except 
for the following reasons applying to all countries under similar 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public safety. 

(3) Measures of sanitary police or to protect animals and useful 
plants from disease, insects, or noxious parasites. 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or domestic dis- 
tribution of similar articles of national production. (Art. XII 
and notes 3 and 4.) 

(gr) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties in either country, subject to customs regulations relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. XIII.) 

(h) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
countr}^ making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may 
carry samples but not merchandise. (Art. XIV.) 

(^) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial, or financial 
associations duly constituted in either country are authorized to ex- 
ercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions in 
courts of justice. (Art. XV and final protocol.) 

(j) Vessels of either country may load or discharge foreign cargo 
at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting trade 
is excepted. (Art. XVII.) 

(k) Detailed provisions concerning consular duties and privileges 
with regard to recovery of seamen deserters (Art. XXI) and 
stranded or shipwrecked vessels (Art. XXII). 

(l) In case of stranded or shipwrecked vessels, salvaged merchan- 
dise is exempt from customs duties, unless cleared for internal con- 
sumption. (Art. XXII.) 

(ni) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of conventional tariffs, or concerning application of most- 
favored-nation pledges in conventional tariffs, and statement in de- 
tail of procedure relating thereto. (Art. XXIV.) 

(n) Port and Madeira wines produced in regions named and ac- 
companied by Portuguese certificates of origin and of purity shall be 
entitled to the same customs treatment in Germany. as Marsala wine; 
also to any favors accorded to sherry or Malaga wines. (Final pro- 
tocol, Art. III.) Other wines falsely labeled " Port " or " Madeira " 
shall be subject to provisions of German laws against false imita- 
tions. (Ibid., Art. IV.) 



GERMANY AND PORTUGAL. 579 

(0) Germany agrees to admit Portuguese wines and olive oils 
under the same customs treatment and facilities assured to Italian 
wines and olive oils by the Additional Treaty of 3 Dec, 1904/^* be- 
tween Germany and Italy, and to Austro-Hungarian wines by the 
Additional Treat}^ of 25 Jan., 1905,^^^ between Gemiany and Austria- 
Hungary. ((Ibid., Art. V.) 

(Ibid., Art. V.) 

(p) Portugal undertakes not to submit beet sugar to any different 
treatment from that accorded to cane sugar. (Ibid., VI.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to the coasting 
trade of either country, which on the part of Portugal is defined as 
including : 

(1) Traffic between ports of the same coast, whether in continental 
Europe, adjacent islands, or provinces beyond the seas. (Art. 
XVII.) 

(2) Maritime traffic between Portugal and the Azores or Madeira. 
(Ibid., a.) 

(3) Maritime traffic between Portugal or these adjacent islands 
and Portuguese overseas possessions west of the Cape of Good Hope. 
(Ibid., h.) 

(4) Maritime traffic between the ports of said islands and posses- 
sions. (Ibid., c.) 

(b) The provisions of Articles IV and V (noted under I and IV c 
above) do not apply to: 

(1) Favors which Portugal may accord exclusively to Brazil (Art. 
XIX, 1), or to Spain and Brazil (Final protocol). 

(2) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate traffic in frontier zones within 15 kilometers of the 
boundary line. (Art. XIX, 2.) 

(3) Obligations imposed on either country in virtue of a customs 
union. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Agreement of 18 Dec, 1901,^^® between Great Britain and Por- 
tugal concerning relations between South Africa and Mozambique 
(Art. IV.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty applies to all countries or 
territories which may be united with either party in a customs union, 
and applies on the part of Portugal to its adjacent islands: Madeira, 
Porto Santo, and the Azores. (Art. XXIII.) 

fr"* German and Italian, Martens 84:605-25. 
1-5 English, B. F. S. P. 98 : 386-97. 
^36 English, B. F. S. P. 95 : 931-4. 

54083—22 38 



580 GEEMANY AND KUMANIA. 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 329. 

Treaty of corrwierce^ customs, and navigation hetiveen Germany and 
Rwnania and treaty additional thereto, 

SIGNED 21 Oct., 1893, and 8 Oct., 1904,"' respectively. Effective (as amended 
by addl. tr.) from 1 Mar., 1906, until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Addl. tr.,"' Art. IV.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 797-835 ; French, B. F. S. P. 87 : 977-1024. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any favor, privilege, immunity, or tariff reduction on im- 
ports or exports which either country may accord to any third power, 
with special reference to payment of duties on importation and ex- 
portation, and matters relating to transit, reexportation, warehous- 
ing, local dues, and customs formalities. (Art. VI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment of citizens of either country exercising the follow- 
ing professions in the other : Druggists, brokers, peddlers, and other 
itinerant tradesmen. (Art. I.) 

{h) All rights concerning acquisition, possession, or alienation of 
real or personal property of any kind in either country. (Art. II.) 

{c) Application of specified exceptional prohibitions which either 
country may impose against importation, exportation, or transit 
(Art. V) ; as noted below under IV c. 

(d) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. 
VII and final protocol.) 

(e) Any favor accorded by either country with regard to exporta- 
tion ; with special reference to export duties imposed by either coun- 
try on exportation of any objects to the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Any favor which either country may concede with regard to 
rights and privileges of commercial, industrial, or financial com- 
panies, on condition of reciprocity. (Exchange of notes of 15/1(> 
Oct., 1893.13^^) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally and unconditionally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Treatment by either country of merchandise, vessels, and their 
cargoes of the other, in all respects, from whatever place arriving 
and whatever the origin or destination of the cargoes ; with special 
reference to taxes and remuneratory dues levied in ports, basins, 

^w German, Hdv. 1906 : 797-836 ; French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1013-35. 
«7a French, B. F. S. P. 87 : 1024-5. 



GERMANY AND RUMANIA. 581 

docks, roadsteads, and harbors of either country ; except special ad- 
vantages which either country may accord to its national fisheries. 
(Arts. XIII, XVIII, and final protocol.) 

(h) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or corpora- 
tions. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported prod- 
ucts of the other country than on similar articles of domestic or other 
foreign production. (Art. XII; addl. tr./^^ Art. I, 4.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) All privileges, immunities, and other favors in matters of com- 
merce and industry; with special reference to duties, taxes, imposts, 
or fees of any kind payable by subjects of either country on their 
commerce or industry in the other; subject to exceptions noted below 
under V a, and subject to the laws and special regulations applicable 
to all foreigners in matters of police and public safety. (Art. I and 
final protocol.) 

(h) Payment of taxes, imposts, or charges of whatever kind re- 
lating to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
property in either country; including duties on export of proceeds 
of property sold. (Art. II.) 

(c) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs or 
markets in the other, to exercise their commerce or sell their prod- 
ucts; with reference to payment of taxes relating thereto. (Art, 

III.) 

(d) Any dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XV.) 

(e) All favors and immunities granted by laws of either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes, with special 
reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. XVII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a legitima- 
tion certificate in the form prescribed. (Art. III.) 

(h) Subjects of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service and contributions, and from all extraordinary 
requisitions occasioned by exceptional circumstances, except charges 
and requisitions incumbent on possession of landed property to which 
all native citizens are subject. (Art. IV, final protocol, and addL 
tr..'" Art. II, 1.) 

(c) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other bj^ 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

"' German, Hdv. 1906 : 797-836 ; French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1013-35. 



582 GERMANY AND RUMANIA. 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from diseases, noxious insects, and parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws pro- 
hibiting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation of 
similar articles of national production. (Addl. tr.,^^^ Art. I, 1.) 

{d) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs B and C 
annexed to the additional treaty, when imported into the other, shall 
not pay other or higher duties than those specified in these tariffs. 
(Art. VII; addl. tr.,^^^ Art. I, 3.) 

{e) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
exempt in the other from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Certain specified articles are exempt from import and export 
duties in either country, under conditions stated. (Art. XI.) 

{g) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. 
XII.) 

(A) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs B and C annexed to this additional treaty, or con- 
cerning conventional tariff rates of either party with third States; 
the court of arbitration to be constituted as described. (Art. XII a; 
addl. tr.,13^ Arts. I, 5, and II, 4.) 

{i) Exemption of vessels from all tonnage and clearance duties 
in either country, under conditions stated. (Art. XVI.) 

(j) Merchandise salvaged in either country from ships of the 
other is exempt from all customs duties, unless released for domestic 
consumption. (Art. XVII.) 

{h) Decisions concerning application of the customs tariff or inter- 
pretation of its provisions previously rendered by competent authori- 
ties of last resort in either country shall not be deemed to bar an 
appeal for a new decision under conditions stated. (Addl. tr.,^^^ 
Art. II, 3.) 

V. Exceptions and explanations. 

{a) The national treatment provisions of Article I (noted under 
III a above) do not apply to : 

(1) Druggists, brokers, peddlers, and other itinerant trades (Art. 
I) ; but most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with reference 
thereto, as noted under I a above. 

(2) Eight to acquire immovable property in Roumanian rural 
communes, or to sell drinks there. (Final protocol.) 

1-" German, Hdv. 1906 : 797-836 ; French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1013-35. 



GERMANY AND RUSSIA. 583 

(3) Provisions of Eiimanian law which regulate the establish- 
ment of foreigners in rural communes under special conditions. 
(Ibid.) 

(4) The sale of tobacco in Euniania. (Exchange of notes 15/16 
Oct., 1893.^3"^) 

(b) The most-favored-nation provisions of Article VI (noted 
above under I) do not apply to : 

(1) Favors Avhich either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate traffic on the frontier zone within 15 kilometers of the 
boundary line. (Addl. tr.,^^^ Art. I, 2.) 

(2) Obligations which may be imposed on either country by a 
customs union. (Art. VI, 2.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty extends to all countries 
or territories which may be united with either country in a customs 
union. (Art. XIX.) 

Treaties with Russia. 
No. 330. 
Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Germany and Russia'^ 
and convention additional thereto. 

SIGNED 10 Feb., 1894, and 28 .July, 1904,"' respectively, at Berlin. Effective 
as amended by additional convention from 1 Mar., 1906, until 31 Dec, 1917, and 
thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XX; 
addl. conv.,"' Art. III.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906:836-911; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 86: 
442-83. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting all rights, privileges, immunities, favors, and exemptions 
which either country may accord to any third power in every re- 
spect, subject to special laws and regulations in matters of commerce, 
industry, or police applying to all foreigners in either country. 

(Art. I.) i:.xxJiaiU /• 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(«) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, all 
kinds of movable or immovable property which the laws of the 
country permit foreigners to acquire or possess, by will or otherwise. 
(Art.II.) 

(b) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations of either country are permitted to ex- 
ercise in the other, with special reference to actions in courts of 
justice. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Treatment of products of either country on importation into 
the other, whether imported for consumption, warehousing, reexpor- 

li" German, Hdv. 1906 : 797-836 ; French, B. P. S. P. 97 : 1013-35. 

i37a French. B. F. S. P. 87:1024-5. "^ i! ;/:■ 



584 GERMANY AND RUSSIA. 

tation, or transit, with special reference to duties, taxes, surtaxes, 
imposts, contributions, or prohibitions imposed in either country, 
and any favors, facilities, immunities, or reductions in import duties 
accorded by either country to any third power. (Addl. conv.^^^ Art. 
VI.) 

{d) Any duty which either country may impose on importation of 
products of the other corresponding to an internal tax or excise on 
similar national products. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Any duties levied by either country on objects exported to the 
other, and any other favors relating to exportation. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Treatment by either country of citizens of the other in matters 
concerning passports, except visa thereof. (Art. XII, final protocol.) 

{g) Treatment in either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
their commercial travelers from the other as regards passports and 
payment of taxes. (Art. XII.) 

(A) Customs duties which Germany may levy on the Russian fron- 
tier. (Final protocol.) 

(^) Exemption of subjects of German}^ in Russia from guardian- 
ship of minors other than those of their own nationality. (Art. Ill, 
addl. conv.,^-^^ pt. 1, 3.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Quartering of troops and other exceptional military requisi- 
tions which either countrj^ may impose on citizens of the other. 
(Art. III.) 

{h) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes, 
except : 

(1) Particular advantages which the national fisheries and their 
produce may enjoy in either country. 

(2) Favors which either country may grant to its national mer- 
chant navy. (Art. XIII.) 

{c) Dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the other 
for light, pilotage, towing, quarantine, and similar dues for services 
rendered or equipment used. (Art. XVI.) 

{d) Use of railways of either country by citizens of the other; 
with special reference to freight rates applied to merchandise of 
either country transported over railways of the other; except reduced 
rates allowed in the public interest or for charitable objects. (Art. 
XIX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to: 
{a) All rights and imposts relating to exercise of commerce and 

industry in either country. (Art. I.) 

«« French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1040-50. 



GERMANY AKD RUSSIA. 585 

(h) All dues, taxes, or charges under whatever name relating to 
acquisition, possession, and disposal of or succession to property, by 
will or otherwise; including exportation of property or of proceeds 
if sold. (Art. II.) 

(c) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of justice, 
and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. II.) 

(d) Internal duties on production or consumption, whether levied 
for the State or for communes or corporations in either country. 
These must not under any pretext bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other country than on similar articles of native 
production. (Art. YIII.) 

(e) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs or 
markets in the other to follow their calling and sell their products; 
with special reference to payment of taxes. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Any dues payable in ports of either country for guarding of 
cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XVII.) 

(g) Treatment of vessels of either country wrecked on coasts of 
the other, with special reference to any favors or immunities accorded 
by law in either country to shipwrecked vessels. Salvaged merchan- 
dise to be exempt from all customs duties, unless landed for con- 
sumption in the country. (Art. XVII.) 

(h) Right of subjects of either country to use specified equipments 
and services in the other established for public use, such as high- 
ways, waterways, canals, locks, ferries, bridges, ports, landings, 
pilotage, cranes, weighbridges, warehouses, salvaging facilities, and 
other establishments intended for public service and commercial 
use, whether administered by the State or privately under State 
authority. No dues to be collected unless the equipment or service 
•was actually used, except for pilotage and maritime lighthouse serv- 
ice. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from obliga- 
tion to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal office (except as 
noted under I i above) , from all personal military service by land or 
sea, and from all forced military taxes, loans, requisitions, and serv- 
ices in kind imposed during war or in other extraordinary circum- 
stances : except charges incumbent on possession of landed property, 
quartering of troops, or other special services for military purposes. 
(Art. III.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except 
for the following reasons (Art. V) : 

(1) Articles of State monopoly in either country, (Ibid.) 



586 GERMANY AND RUSSIA. 

(2) Measures of hygiene, veterinary police, and of public safety. 
(Ibid., and addl. conv.,^^^ pt. 1, 4.) 

(3) Other considerations of great weight. (Art. V.) 

(c) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 
annexed to the additional convention to pay on importation into the 
other no other or higher duties than those specified in these tariffs ; 
except as noted under I d above. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Exemption of merchandise of any kind from all transit duties 
in either country when passing by a commercial route open to transit, 
whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. 
(Art. X.) 

(e) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carrj^ 
samples but not merchandise and must be provided with a license 
card in the form prescribed. (Art. XII, addl. conv.,^^^ pt. 1, 8.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission by either 
country of commercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to 
customs regulations relating thereto. (Art. XII and addl. conv.,^^* 
Art. I, 5.)^ 

(gr) Nationality^ of vessels to be recognized according to ship's 
papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each country. 
(Art. XIV.) 

(h) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting 
trade is expressly excepted. (Arts. XIII and XV.) 

(i) Vessels of either country are exempt in ports of the other from 
tonnage and clearance duties, under conditions stated (Art. XVI), 
except as noted under II c above. 

(j) Merchandise salvaged in either country from ships of the 
other is exempt from all customs duties, unless released for domestic 
consumption. (Art. XVII.) 

(k) Detailed provisions abolishing differential import duties at 
specified land or maritime frontiers, relating to transit, certificates 
of origin, and to river, railway, and border traffic between the two 
countries. (Final protocol, Pt. I.) 

(!) Extensive and detailed provisions relating to passports (Addl. 
cpnv.,^^^ pt. 1, 2) ; river traffic (Ibid., 9) ; and customs regulations 
(Final protocol, Pt. IV, and addl. conv.,^^« Art. I, 3.) 

(m) Eussia agrees to adopt as far as possible the suggestions of 
Germany annexed to the additional convention as regards tariffica- 
tion of articles named. (Addl. conv.,^^^ annex.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

538 Prencli, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1040-50. 



GERMANY AND RUSSIA. 587 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate traffic in a frontier zone up to 15 kilometers wide. (Art. 
XI, 1.) 

(2) Favors granted by Germany under the existing customs union 
to Luxemburg, and to the Austrian communes of Jungholz and 
Mittelberg. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Favors respecting importation and exportation which Russia 
may accord to inhabitants of the Province of Archangel, or on the 
north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 3.) But imports from Ger- 
many into these territories are entitled to the benefit of all customs 
facilities granted to importations from any European or North 
American country. (Addl. conv.,^^^ Art. I, 4.) 

(4) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. XIII.) 

(b) The provisions of Articles VI, IX, and X (noted under I c 
and e and IV d above) do not apply to special stipulations of the 
treaty of 8 May, 1838,^^^ between Russia and Sweden and Norway, nor 
to stipulations respecting Russian commerce with Asiatic States and 
countries bordering on Russia. (Art. XI.) 

VI. Territorial application. — The provisions of this treaty are ap- 
plicable to Luxemburg, and to the Austrian communes of Jungholz 
and Mittelberg. (Art. XI, 2.) 

No. 331. 

Temporary agreement between Germany and the Russian socialist 

federative soviet republic. 

SIGNED 6 May, 1921, at Berlin. Effective from date of signature. Termi- 
nable on three months' notice bv either party. (Art. XVII.) 
TEXT: English (transl.), Cur. Hist, XIV : 638^0. 

I. Rights, privileges, and functions of public agents. 

{a) The " German representation in Russia " and the " Repre- 
sentation of the Russian socialist federative soviet republic in Ger- 
many" shall have their seats in Moscow and Berlin, respectively, 
and shall have attached to them trade delegates for the superintend- 
ence of the economic relations between the two countries. The repre- 
sentation of the Russian socialist federative soviet republic in 
Germany is to be recognized as the only representation in Germany 
of the Russian State. (Art. I.) 

{b) The heads of the representations shall enjoy the rights and 
privileges of heads of accredited missions. Detailed provisions con- 
cerning rights and privileges of persons emplo3^ed by the representa- 
tions who are not nationals of the State of sojourn, with special refer- 
ence to searches of houses, apprehensions, and arrests, and immunity 

138 French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1040-50. 
»» See No. 440. 



588 GERMANY AND RUSSIA. 

from military and war obligations and from all kinds of obligations 
of labor prescribed by public law. (Art. II.) 

(c) Each country to assist the representation of the other in pro- 
curing suitable office rooms and living quarters and necessary mate- 
rials for its use. (Art. III.) 

(d) The German representation in Russia is authorized to im- 
port, free of customs and taxation, the materials necessary for the 
maintenance of its office business and for the furnishing of its quar- 
ters, also necessary food supplies and other articles for support of 
the German personnel up to 40 kilograms per month for each person. 
Import permits to be attested in the manner stated. (Art. IV.) 

(e) The heads of the representations shall be accredited to the 
central authorities for foreign affairs of the State of sojourn. The 
representations shall deal directly with these authorities and in case 
of trade matters also with the other central authorities. (Art. V.) 

(/) The representations shall receive the following consular 
powers: 

(1) Protection of the interests of their nationals within the limits 
of international usage. (Art. VI, 1.) 

(2) Issuance of passports, personal papers of identification, and 
vises. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Reception, legalization, and attesting of documents. (Ibid., 3.) 
The contracting parties undertake to enter immediately into nego- 
tiations for the conclusion of an agreement regarding the civil 
register and marriage contracts. (Art. VI.) 

(g) Each representation has a right to the use of wireless stations 
and public postal facilities for the purpose of unhampered official 
communication with its Government and with the representatives 
of its Government in other countries, in open and ciphered lan- 
guage, and likewise to courier communication according to special 
agreement. (Art. VII.) 

(h) The German representation in Russia, through its trade dele- 
gation, shall protect the economic interests of the German Common- 
wealth and its nationals. The Russian trade delegation in Germany 
shall, as a State trade office, be regarded as the legitimate repre- 
sentative of the Russian Government on German territory for the 
purpose of administration of justice. Th& latter recognizes as 
binding upon itself all legal transactions undertaken either by the 
chief of the representation, the chief of the trade delegation, or, 
finally, by any persons delegated by either of those two persons. 
(Art. Xli.) 

(i) The respective representations are authorized to engage the 
experts necessary for the accomplishment of their economic tasks. 
The requests for admission of experts, accompanied by full ex- 
planations, shall be presented by the central authorities to the repre- 



GERMANY AND RUSSIA. 589 

sentation of the other State and shall be disposed of with special 
dispatch. (xVrt. XIV.) 

(j) The respective representations and the persons employed by 
them shall limit their activities strictly to the tasks authorized by 
this agreement. Especially', they are obliged to refrain from all agi- 
tation or propaganda against tlie governmental sj^stem of the Staie 
of sojourn. (Art. XV.) 

II. Rights and privileges of nationals of either country in the 
other. 

(a) Provisions concerning war prisoners and interned civilians of 
either country in the other. (Art. VIII, 1-2.) 

(h) Eussian nationals in Germany will, as regards their persons 
and properties, be treated according to international law and to the 
general laws of Germany. (Ibid., 1.) 

(c) To the German nationals who resort to the territory of the 
Russian soviet republic for trading purposes according to this agree- 
ment and in observance of the legal provisions regarding passports, 
the inviolability of all the articles taken with them shall be assured, 
as well as that of the property acquired in Russia through the Rus- 
sian soviet republic, so far as the acquisition and use of the same 
are in accordance with the special agreements made with the com- 
petent organs of the Russian soviet republic. The inviolability of 
this property shall be secured by special bills of protection of the 
Russian soviet republic, so far as no claims against the possessor of 
the bill of protection can be established from legal contracts into 
which he has entered with the Russian soviet republic after the con- 
clusion of this agreement. (Ibid., 3.) 

{d) The Russian Government grants to the persons who possessed 
German citizenship, but have lost it, as well as to their wives and 
children, the permission to leave the country for the purpose of 
returning to Germany. (Art. IX.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Ships of either country to be treated in ports and territorial 
waters of the other according to international usage. In case here- 
after Russian ships in the merchant trade are granted any special 
privileges, as State-ow ned ships, in connection with shipping charges, 
the Russian Government assures the same privileges to German mer- 
chant vessels. In that case, however, a ship of one of the contract- 
ing parties in the harbors *of the other party may be made account- 
able for such money claims as are immediately connected with this 
ship, such as harbor dues, cost of repairs, and claims for damages in 
case of collisions. (Art. X.) 

{b) Both Governments shall immediately take all measures neces- 
sary to ensure the speedy resumption of the public postal, telegraphic, 
and wireless communication. (Art. XI.) 



590 GERMANY AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(c) The Russian Government undertakes to conclude with German 
nationals, German firms, and German juridical persons on the terri- 
tory of the Russian socialist federative soviet republic and of the 
States connected with it through a State-adjusted import and ex- 
port plan, onl}^ legal contracts containing clauses providing for arbi- 
tration. As regards legal contracts entered into in Germany and 
their economic results, the Russian Government submits to German 
law; as regards private obligations, however, it is subject to German 
jurisdiction and legal administration only in case of obligations aris- 
ing from legal contracts entered into with German nationals, Ger- 
man firms, and German juridical persons after the conclusion of this 
agreement. The Russian Government retains unimpaired the right 
to introduce an arbitration clause into legal contracts concluded in 
Germany. (Art. XIII.) 

(d) The property of the Russian Government in Germany shall 
enjoy the customary protection according to international law and 
shall not come under German jurisdiction and administration in any 
case not covered by III c above. (Art. XIII.) 

(e) This agreement shall form the basis of the economic relations 
between the two countries. (Art. XVI.) In case it is denounced and 
not replaced by another agreem-ent either party may institute a com- 
mission of five members for the completion of the trading transac- 
tions already under way, which must be disposed of within six months 
after expiration of this agreement. (Art. XVII.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State. 
No. 332. 

Treaty of commerce and customs hetween Germany and Serbia as 
amended by additional treaty. 

SIGNED 21 Aug., 1892. Additional treaty signed 29 Nov., 1904.''° Effective 
(as revised by additional treaty) from 1 Mar., 1906, until 31 Dec, 1917, and 
thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party, (Addl. 
tr.,''° Art. III.) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 1100-33 ; B. P. S. P. 86 : 577-627. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Eights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, and financial associations of either country may exercise in the 
other. (Art. II and final protocol.) 

(5) Any favors, privileges, and tarift reductions which either 
country may accord to any third power, with special reference to pay- 
ment of import and export duties, accessory taxes, customs formali- 
ties, and excise or consumption duties of any kind, whether levied 
by the State or by corporations in either country. (Arts. VI, YII, 
and final protocol.) 

"« English (transl.), B, F. S. P. 97:1005-13. 



GEEMAXY AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 591 

(c) Any local dues or surtaxes of any kind which either country 
may impose on products of tlie other. (Art. IX and final protocol.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, favors, and 
exemptions which either country may accord in matters of commerce, 
industry, and navigation. (Art. I.) 

National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is further 
reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to reside and settle in any 
part of the other, and to acquire, possess, and dispose of or succeed 
to real and personal property of any kind, by will or otherwise. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Exercise of commerce, industry, and any lawful business in 
either country, personally or otherwise (Art. II and final pro- 
tocol), except as noted under V a below. 

(c) All duties, taxes, imposts, or dues relating to any of the mat- 
ters rioted under II a-b above. (Art. II.) 

(d) All rights and immunities relating to administration of jus- 
tice in either country. (Art. II.) 

(e) Application to citizens of either country in the other of the 
laws and regulations relating to commerce, industry, and public 
security. (Art. II.) 

(/) Quartering of troops and other exceptional military requisi- 
tions which either countrv may impose on citizens of the other. (Art. 

in.) 

(g) Use of railways of either country by citizens of the other, 
with special reference to freight rates applied to merchandise of 
either country transported over railways of the other, except reduced 
rates granted for public or charitable objects. (Art. IX h.) 

(h) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes, 
except special favors granted by either country to products of its in- 
land fisheries. (Art. IX d.) 

(i) Treatment by either country of vessels and merchandise of the 
other, in all respects, with special reference to payment of remunera- 
tory taxes or dues in ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, and harbors 
of either country. (Art. IX ^.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Any obligations, restrictions, or taxes which either country 

may impose on citizens of the other, as regards their persons or their 
real and personal property. (Art. III.) 

(h) Treatment by either country of commercial travelers from the 
other, and treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to mar- 
kets or fairs in the other to exercise their commerce and sell their 
produce. (Art. IV.) 



592 GERMANY AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(c) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption, whether imposed by the State, or by communes or corpora- 
tions. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported products 
of the other country than on similar articles of domestic production. 
(Art. IX a and final protocol.) 

(d) Treatment of citizens of either country making use in the 
other of specified equipments and services established for public use ; 
such as roads, canals, locks, ferries, bridges, weighbridges, ports, 
landings, signals, cranes, pilotage, warehouses, and facilities for sal- 
vaging vessels or cargoes, whether such services are administered by 
the State or by private parties, with special reference to conditions 
or taxes relating thereto. Xo tax to be collected unless the equip- 
ment or service was actually used, except for lighting and pilotage, 
which are subject to special regulations. (Art. IX c.) 

(e) Any dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. IX /.) 

(/) All favors and immunities granted by laws of either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes, with special 
reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. IX h.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all military requi- 
sitions or contributions, forced loans, and other charges occasioned 
by exigencies of war or other exceptional circumstances, and from 
obligation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal office; ex- 
cept as noted under II / above. (Art. Ill and final protocol.) 
' (h) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a legitima- 
tion certificate in the form prescribed. (Art. IV and annex A.) 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning duty-free admission by either 
country of comm-ercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to 
customs regulations relating thereto. (Art. IV a and final protocol.) 

(d) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, noxious insects, and parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws prohib- 
iting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation of 
similar articles. (Art. V and final protocol.) 

(e) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs B and C an- 
nexed to this treaty, when imported into the other, shall be admitted 



GERMANY AND SIAM. 593 

under the conditions fixed by these tariffs. (Art. VI and final proto- 
col.) 

(/) Certificates of origin may be required by either country, under 
conditions stated. (Art. VI.) 

(g) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country 
is exempt in the other from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. VII a.) (^ 

(h) Certain specified articles are exempt from all import and ex- 
port duties in either country, under conditions stated. (Art. VIII.) 

(^) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. IX e.) 

(j) Ships of either country are exempt from tonnage and clear- 
ance dues in the other, under conditions stated. (Art. IX g.) 

{h) Merchandise salvaged in either country from ships of the 
other is exempt from all customs duties, unless released for domestic 
consumption. (Art. IX h.) 

{I) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs B and C annexed to this treaty, or concerning rates of 
conventional tariffs of either country, and statement of procedure re- 
lating thereto. (Art. IX k and final protocol.) 

V. Exceptions. 

{a) The provisions of Article II concerning exercise of trades and 
professions (noted under II h above) do not apply in either country 
to druggists, brokers, peddlers, and other itinerant tradesmen. 
(Final protocol.) 

{h) The most-favored-nation principle of Articles VI and VII 
(noted under I t above) does not apply to : 

(1) Favors accorded by either country to bordering States to fa- 
cilitate frontier traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. 

(2) Obligations imposed on either country in virtue of a customs 
union. (Final protocol.) 

VI. Territorial application. — This treaty applies to any countries 
or territories which may be united with Germany in a customs 
union. (Art. X.) 

Treaty with Siam. 

Xo. 333. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and riamgation heticeen the German 
customs union, and Siam. 

SIGNED 7 Feb., 1862, at Bangkok. Duration indefinite, subject to revision 
after 12 years on 12 months' notice from either partv. (Art. XXIV.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 53:741-52; German, Hdv. 1906: 
1135-46. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged in general terms to 
the contracting German States and their subjects respecting free and 



594 GERMAI^Y AND SI AM. 

equal participation in all privileges which Siam may grant to the 
Government, subjects, or citizens of any other nation. (Art. XXIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged with regard to : 

(a) Freedom of commerce and navigation for subjects and ves- 
sels of either country in territories of the other. (Art. I.) 

(6) All privileges, immunities, powers, and exemptions accorded 
by either country to consular officers. (Art. II.) 

(c) Taxes which Siam may impose on landed property of German 
subjects. (Art. VIII.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to German vessels and their cargoes respecting all privileges 
and immunities which Siam may grant to junks, and to Siamese or 
any other vessels (Art. XVIII), with special reference to participa- 
tion in any benefits accruing from any reduction of duties on goods 
imported or exported in Siamese or other bottoms (Art. XXI). 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Full security of persons and property of subjects of either 
country in the other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Detailed provisions concerning functions and privileges of 
German consuls in Siam. (Art. II.) 

(c) Eight of German subjects in Siam to free exercise of their 
religion and right to build churches. (Art. III.) 

(d) German subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be regis- 
tered at the German consulate in the manner described. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Eight of German subjects to reside in Siam within boundaries 
named (and beyond these limits by special permission) ; also to trade 
freely and securely in all parts of Siam without interference from 
any monopoly or exclusive privilege of purchase or sale. (Art. V.) 

(/) I^ight of German subjects to buy, sell, lease, or rent lands and 
plantations in Siam, and to rent, buy, or build houses within bounda- 
ries named and subject to conditions stated; also to engage in mining 
in any part of Siam and any kind of manufacturing not contrary to 
law. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported in German 
vessels not to exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. XIX), which shall 
not be increased. Upon payment of specified import and export 
duties, German subjects may freely import into or export from Siam 
to or from any foreign port every kind of merchandise except speci- 
fied articles subject to restrictions named. (Art. XXI.) 

(h) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to functions of 
German consuls (Arts. II, XXII) ; employment of Siamese subjects 
(Art. VI) ; passports (Art. VII) ; settlement of disputes between 
German and Siamese subjects (Arts. IX, X) ; piracy or robbery on 
shore (Art. XI) ; arrest of criminals, fugitives, sailors, etc. (Art. 
XII); bankruptcy (Art. XIII) ; recovery of debts (Art. XIV); 



GERMANY AND SWITZERLAND. 595 

disposal of property left b}^ subjects of either country dying in the 
other (Art. XV) ; and assistance to ships in distress (Art. XVII). 

('/) General regulations for the conduct of German trade in Siam. 
(x\nnex.) 

(j) Tariff schedules of import, export, and inland duties. (Annex.) 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 331. 

Exchange of notes hetween Germany and Spain concerning commer' 
cial relations. 

SIGNED 12 Feb., 1S99, at Martrid. Effective from 1 July, 1899, for five years, 
and thereafter until terminated by one year's notice from either part5\ Pro- 
longed indefinitely by Spanish order of 30 June, 1907. (English, B. F. S. P. 
101 : 610. ) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1906 : 1150-2 ; French and English, B. F. S. P. 101 : 
609-10. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by Germany respecting 
customs duties payable on importations from Spain, in exchange for 
Spain's concession of her conventional customs tariff on importation 
of German goods into Spain. 

Treaties with Switzerland. 
No. 335. 

Treaty of comnfierce hetween Gei^many and Switzerland., and treaty 
additional thereto. 

SIGNED 10 Dec, 1891, and 12 Nov., 1904,"' respectively. Effective (as modi- 
fied by additional treaty) until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated 
by 12 months' notice from either party. (Addl. tr.,"' Art. V.) 

TEXT: German, Hdv. 1906:971-1077; French (transl.), B. F. S. P. 83: 

548-88. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
in matters concerning importation, exportation, and transit; with 
special reference to any privilege, favor, or tariff reduction on im- 
portation or exportation which either country may accord to any 
third power, (i^ddl. tr./^^ Art. I, 1.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding internal 
taxes payable in either country on production or consumption of any 
of its products, whether levied by the State or by Cantons, Provinces, 
communes, or corporations. These taxes must not under any pre- 
text bear more heavily on imported products of the other country 
than on similar national products, except articles of State monopoly 
and product's containing alcohol (Art. YIII), as noted below under 

ni f-g. 

1*1 German, Hdv. 1906:971-1077; French, B. F. S. P. 97:1139-1251. 
54083—22 39 



596 GERMANY AND SWITZEELAI^D. 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, and transit; except 
for the following reasons: 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, noxious insects and parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws pro- 
hibiting or restricting domestic production, sale, and transportation 
of similar articles. (Addl. tr.,^*^ Art. I, 1.) 

(h) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 
annexed to the additional treaty when imported into the other shall 
be admitted under the conditions fixed by these tariffs. (Ibid., 2, 
and Art. lY, 4.) 

(c) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
exempt in the other from all transit duties. (Art. III.) 

(d) Elaborate and detailed provisions respecting frontier traffic, 
specified articles being exempt from customs duties in either country, 
subject to observance of customs regulations relating thereto. (Art. 
V; addl. tr.,^*^ Art. I, 4.) 

(e) Specified articles brought from either country into the other 
are reciprocally exempt from import and export duties, subject to 
conditions stated in detail. (Arts. V, VI; final protocol, Arts. IT 
and V; and addl. tr.,^*i Arts. I, 5, and IV, 2-7.) 

(/) To protect State monopolies, additional import duties may he 
imposed on objects of State monopoly of either country, and on 
articles employed in their manufacture, even though similar native 
products are not subject to an additional tax. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) Each country reserves the right to impose on products con- 
taining alcohol an additional import duty equal to its internal fiscal 
charge on the alcohol contained in the imported product. (Art. 
VIII and final protocol. Art. VIII, 2.) 

(h) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a license 
card in the form prescribed. (Art. IX; addl. tr.,^*^ Art. I, 6; and 
Annex D.) 

(i) Certificates of origin may be required by either country, under 
conditions stated. (Final protocol, Art. VII.) 

(j) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of tariffs A and B annexed to this treaty, or concerning rates of 
conventional tariffs of either country, and statement of procedure 
relating thereto. (Art. X a; addl. tr.,^*' Arts. I, 7, and IV, 9.) 



1" German, Hdv. 1906 : 971-1077 : French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1139-1251. 



GEEMANY AND VENEZUELA. 597 

(/i) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning frontier traffic. 
(Annex C. addl. tr.,^*^ Art. II.) 

(I) Very extensive tariff schedules are annexed to the additional 
treaty. (Annexes A and B.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Both parties reserve complete liberty of action 
as regards legislation concerning itinerant industries, peddling, and 
soliciting orders from persons not engaged in commerce or industry. 
(Addl. tr..^" Art. I, 6.) 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty applies to countries and 
territories which may be united with either partv in a customs union. 
(Art. X.) 

No. 336. 

Convention hetween Ge'tmany cmd Switzerland concerning regulation 
of legal relatio-ns of citizens of either country in the other. 

SIGNED 31 Oct., 1910, fu Berne. Ratifications exchanged there 1 Aug., 1911. 
Effective from 1 Oct., 1911. for five years, and thereafter vmtil terminated by 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. III.) 

TEXT : German. Hdv. 1915 : 216-17. 

National treatment is reciprocally pledged to subjects of either 
country in the other respecting protection of persons and property, 
and exercise of commerce and industry of all kinds, with special 
reference to cultivation of agricultural lands; and with regard to 
pa3a-nent of taxes, duties, imposts, or charges of any kind relating 
thereto. 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Germany with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 
No. 22. 

Treaty vi^ith Venezuela. 

No. 33 7. 

Treaty of commerce aind namgation hetioeen Germany and Venezuela. 

SIGNP;]D 26 Jan., 1909, at Caracas. Ratifications exchanged there 28 Aug., 
1909. Effective from 7 Sept., 1909, for 10 years, and thereafter until termi- 
nated by 12 months' notice from either party, (Art. II,) 

TEXT : German, Hdv. 1915 : 230-1 ; Spanish, Venezuela Tr. Pub. 1910 ; 
318-19; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 102:444-5, 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocalh/ pledged in general 
terms with regard to all matters concerning commerce and naviga- 
tion ; with special reference to importation, exportation, and transit ; 
also all matters relating to customs duties and commercial operations, 
exercise of commerce and industries, protection of persons and prop- 
erty, and payment of taxes relating to an}^ of these. (Art. I.) 

1*1 German, Hdv. 1906 : 971-1077 ; French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1139-1251. 



GREAT BRITAIN. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Venezuela. 

Treaties of Great Britain have been previously dealt with in this 
volume under British Empire. 

GREECE. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Germany. 

Treaties of Greece with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 

27. 
Austria, No. 63. 
xVustria-Hungary, No. 74. 
Belgium, No. 103. 
Bulgaria, No. 210. 
Denmark, No. 262. 



Egypt (under British Empire), 

No. 205. 
France, No. 287. 
Germany, Nos. 314 and 315. 
Great Britain (under British 

Empire), No. 164. 



Treaty with the Principal Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 338. 

Treaty hetween Greece and the Principal Allied and Associatea 
Powers }^'^ 

SIGNED "' 10 Aug., 1920. at Sevres. To come into force at the same time as 
the treaty finally regulating the status of Thrace,"^ as provided in Article 
48 of the treaty of peace with Bulgaria of 27 Nov., 1919. 

TEXT: Engli?.h, G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 13, Cmd. 960. 

I. National and most -favored-nation treatment. — Pending con- 
clusion (under auspices of the League of Nations) of general con- 
ventions on the matters named, Greece assures national and most- 
favored-nation treatment on condition of reciprocity (Art. 19 ^'^*) to 
all the Allied and Associated Powers, and to all States members of 
the L-eague of Nations (Art. 20) in respect to : 

{a) Treatment of vessels of all said powers and States which 
accord similar treatment to Greek vessels, except the maritime coast- 
ing trade, which Greece or any of said powers or States may confine 
to its national vessels. (Art. 18.) 

ih) Freedom of transit for persons, goods, vessels, carriages, 
wagons, and mails in transit to or from any of said States over 
Greek territory, including territorial waters, with special reference 

1*2 Not yet ratified. 

"3 Signed by the following powers : British Empire, France, Italy, .Japan, and Greece. 

1** This article is terminable after 5 years as noted below under III. 

598 



GREECE AND ALLIED AND ASSOCL^TED POWERS. 599 

to facilities, cliarges, and restrictions and all other matters. (Art. 

II. Other provisions. 

Greece undertakes: 

(a) To make no treaty, convention, or arrangement, and to take 
no other action which will prevent her from joining in any general 
convention for the equitable treatment of the commerce of oth^er 
States which may be concluded under auspices of the League of 
Nations within 5 years. (Art. 17.) 

(b) To extend to ail the Allied and Associated Powers, and to 
States members of the League of Nations, any favors or privileges 
in customs matters which she may grant within 5 years to any 
States with which since Aug., 1914, said powers have been at war, or 
to any State having special customs arrangements with such States 
under Article 222 of the treat}^ of peace with Austria. ^^^ (Arts. IT 
and 20.) 

((?) That goods in transit through Greek territory, including ter- 
ritorial waters, shall be exempt from all customs or other duties ; and 
that freedom of transit shall extend to postal, telegraphic, and 
telephonic services. (Art. 19.^^*) 

(d) To assure full and complete protection of life and liberty to 
all inhabitants of Greece, without distinctioii of birth, nationality, 
language, race, or religion (Art. 2), and tnat differences of religion, 
creed, or confession shall not prejudict any Greek national in matters 
relating to civil or political rights, as, for instance, admission to 
public employments, functions, and honors, or exercise of professions 
or industries (Art. 7). 

(e) That the stipulations of this treaty, so far as they affect 
persons belonging to racial, religious, or linguistic minorities, con- 
stitute obligations of international concern, and shall be placed 
under the guaranty of the League of Nations, as described in detail. 
(Art. 16.) 

(/) That all rights and privileges accorded b}^ this treaty to the 
Allied and Associated Powers shall be accorded equally to all States 
members of the League of Nations. (Art. 20.) 

III. Note. — If no general convention to secure and maintain free- 
dom of communications and of transit is concluded under auspices of 
the League of Nations within 5 years, Greece may at any time there- 
after terminate the provisions of Article 19 (noted under I, I &, and 
II h above) by 12 months' notice in manner stated. (Art. 19.) 

^*4 This article is termiEable after 5 years, as noted below under III, 
^*^ See No. 63, 1 1 a. 

Treaty with Great Britain. 

See No. 164. 



600 GEEECS AA^D JAPAN. 

Treaty with Italy. 

No. 339. 

Protocol for the regulation of co'inmeree and navigation hepween 
Greece and Italy. 

SIGNED 30 Dec, 1899, at Atlieiis. Terminable on six months' notice by 
either party. (Art. V.) 

TEXT : Greek and Frenr-h, Greece Tr. 1912 : 53-4-7 ; Froacl., B. F. S. P. 
92 : 454 ; Italy Tr. 1911, 1 : 527-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocal!}^ pledged with 
respect to importations and exportations, except for Greek wines, as 
no^ed below under II h. (Art. III.) 
- II. Other provisions. 

{a) Regulation of each country's fisheries (fish, sponges, and 
coral) is reserved for future negotiation. (Art. I.) 

(h) Customs duties payable on Greek wines in casks on importa- 
tion into Italy is increased from 5.77 to 12 lire plus surtaxes at the 
existing rate. (Art. II.) 

{c) The status quo is continued on both sides in matters concern- 
ing navigation (including coasting trade), commerce in general, and 
customs regime. (Art. III.) 

{d) The existing tariff is continued in Greece for sulphur (crude 
and refined) and in Italy for dried figs and raisins. (Art, IV.) 

Treaty with Japam. 
No. 340. 

Treaty of friendship, commerce, and najngaMon hetween Greece and^ 
Japan. 

SIGNED 1 June, 1899, at Athens. Effective from 21 Sept., 1899, for 12 
years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. 15.) 

TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 92:366-70; Martens 91:297-301; 
Japan Tr. 1918 : 270-5 ; Engiish and Gi-eek, f:rree<?e Tr. 1912 : 445-51, 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in ail respects, including ail privileges, favors, or 
immunities concerning residence, travel, commerce, or navigation 
granted to the Government, ships, subjects, or citizens of any other 
State (Art. 4) ; except the coasting trade of both countries (Art. 8). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All rights, privileges, exemptions, or immunities regarding 
appointment and treatment of each other's diplomatic and consular 
agents. (Art. 2.) 

(6) Free and secure entrance with ships and cargoes to all places, 
ports, and rivers open to foreigners in the territories and possessions 
of either country. (Art. 3.) 



GREECE AND MONTENEGRO. 601 

(c) Hiriiif]: and occupation of houses and warehouses and trading 
by wholesale or retail in all kinds of products and merchandise of 
lawful commerce. (Art. 3.) 

(d) Acquisition, enjoyment, and disposal of property of all kinds. 
(Art. 3.) 

(e) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on im- 
portation of products of the other. (Art. 5.) 

(/) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on ex- 
portation of any article to the other. (Art. 5.) 

(g) All matters relating to transit, warehousing, bounties, facili- 
ties, and drawbacks. (Art. 6.) 

(h) All duties or charges for tonnage, light, port, pilotage, quar- 
antine, salvage, and all similar dues or charges, no matter by whom 
or how levied in the ports of either countrv on ships of the other. 
(Art. 7.) 

(^) All privileges, immunities, and exemptions regarding com- 
pulsory military service, military contributions or exactions, forced 
loans, and quartering of troops. (Art. 13.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Treatment of each other's war ships or merchant vessels seek- 
ing refuge from damage or shipAvreck. including all dues or expenses 
incidental thereto. (Art. 10.) 

(h) Protection of persons and property of each other's citizens in 
either country, including access to courts of justice and employment 
of advocates or others therein. (Art. 13.) 

(c) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
A'isits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination, except under conditions and with legal forms apply- 
ing to citizens of the country. (Art. 11.) 

III. Other provisions. — Freedom of conscience and of religious 
worship is reciprocally pledged to the subjects of either country in 
the territories and possessions of the other, subject to the laws and 
regulations in force. (Art. 12.) 

Treaty with Montenegro. 

No. 341. 

Convention of coninicrce and navigation hetween Greece and Monte- 
negro. 

SIGNED 14 Mar., 1908. at Cetinje. Ratifications exchaiiGjed there May, 1909, 
Elt'ective until 1 Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice 
from either party. (Art. III.) 

TEXT: Greek and French. Greece Tr. 1912:543-5; French, B. F. S. P. 
101 : 1030-1. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms by either party to the subjects and products of the other 



602 GREECE AND NETHERLANDS. 

with regard to establishment of each other's nationals, and matters 
of commerce and navigation; with special reference to importation, 
exportation, transit, and whatever concerns customs duties, commer- 
cial operations, exercise of commerce and industries, and payment of 
taxes relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

II. Other provisions. — In case of disputes regarding character or 
description of wines and spirits of Greek production, Montenegrin 
customs officials are obliged to take note of certificates of analj^sis 
issued by certain Greek chemical laboratories named. (Art. II.) 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 
No. 342. 

Treaty of commerce and 'navigation hetween Greece and the Nether- 
lands. 

SIGNED 22 Feb., 1843, at Athens. Duration indefinite. Terminable on 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. XXI.) 

TEXT : Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912 : 624-87 ; French, Lagemans 
3:25-9; B. F. S. P. 32; 1317-22; Dutch, Staatsbl. 1843, No. 34. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged respecting any favors, privileges, or exemptions in matters 
of commerce, customs, and navigation accorded by either country to 
subjects of any other State. (Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

((2) Products of Greece when imported into Xetherland colonies 
and Greek vessels arriving in those colonies from whatever port 
shall enjoy all advantages and favors, and receive the same treatment 
accorded in those colonies to the products and vessels of any other 
European nation. (Art. IX.) 

{J-)) Import duties or prohibitions established by either country 
against products of the other. (Art. XIV.) 

(c) Duties or prohibitions imposed by either country against ex- 
ports to the other. (Art. XIV.) 

{d) Treatment by either country of consular officers from the 
other; including ail rights, privileges, protection, and assistance re- 
quired for convenient discharge of their duties. (Art. XVII.) 

{e) Duties payable in Greece on products of Dutch colonies, and 
on products of Asia, America, Africa, and Australia imported from 
Netherland ports. (Addl. conv. 30 June, 1851,^^« Art. III.) 

XL National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Complete security in either country for subjects of the other 
and their property; and all dues, taxes, or charges of any kind im- 
posed in either country on subjects of the other, under whatever 

146 French, Lagemans 3 : 293-4 ; B. F. S. P. 40 : 1164-5 ; Dutch, Staatshl. 1851, No. 122. 



GREECE AND NETHERLANDS. 609 

name; also all privileges, liberties, favors, exemptions, and immu- 
nities accorded to each other's subjects in matters of commerce, navi- 
gation, and industry. (Addl. conv. 30 June, 1851,^^^ Art. II.) 

(h) Dues for tonnage, port, pilotage, quarantine, warehousing and 
all other dues or charges of whatever kind levied in European ports 
of either country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriv- 
ing, whether levied for the Government, public officials, communities, 
or establishments of any kind. (Arts. IV and XVI.) 

(c) Import, export, and transit duties imposed on direct impor- 
tations or exportations of any articles of whatever origin into or 
from European ports of either country in ships of the other; in- 
cluding all bounties, drawbacks, and other similar favors accorded 
to imports or exports in national ships (Arts. VI, VII) ; except 
special favors and exclusive privileges accorded in either country to 
the various branches of the fishing industry, and to commerce in salt 
(Art. VIII). 

(d) Duties levied in either country on merchandise imported in 
ships of the other, pending its reexportation or release for consump- 
tion. (Art. XI. as amended by Art. II of addl. conv. 30 June, 
1851.^-^^) 

(e) Xo privilege or preference to be accorded by either country, 
directly or indirectly, nor by any association, corporation, or agent 
acting in its name or under its authority, favoring purchase of any 
articles imported in its own vessels over those imported in ships of 
the other. (Art. XII.) 

(/) All privileges or liberties concerning disposal of property in 
any lawful manner, by will or otherwise, including withdrawal of 
the same or proceeds thereof from the country, and all imposts or 
charges relating thereto. (Art. XV.) 

(g) Assistance to each other's vessels in case of damage or ship- 
wreck, including dues and charges for salvage of vessels and cargoes. 
(Art. X^nCII.) 

(h) National treatment accorded in Xetherland colonies and ports 
outside of Europe to vessels of Greece and their import or export 
cargoes ; except the coasting trade of the Dutch Indies, which is re- 
served for the national flag. (Addl. conv. 30 June, 1851,^*® Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to reside and trade through- 
out the territories of the other, and to own or lease houses and other 
immovable property required for their commerce. (Art. II.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's vessels from tonnage and clearance 
dues in either country, under conditions stated. (Art. V.) 

(c) Piracy (Art. XIX), and commerce of either country in case 
the other is at war (Art. XX). 

1*^ French, Lagemans 3 : 293-4 ; B. F. S. P. 40 : 1164-5 ; Dutch, Staatsbl. 1851, No. 122. 



604 GREECE AND PERSIA. 

Treaty with Norway. 



See Sweden and Norway, No. 348. 



Treaty with Persia. 

No. 343. 

Treaty of fiHend.ship^ comraerce^ and n'Xvigation hetween Greece 
and Persia. 

SIGNED 28, Oct.. 1861, at Constantinople. Effective from- 11 Mar., 1862, for 
12 years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XI.) 

TEXT: Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912: 664-73: French, B. F. S. P. 
51 : 533-8. 

I. Most-favored-natioB treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting every advantage, right, and 
privilege which either country may accord to the subjects of any 
other nation. (Art. IV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocal!}^ pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Eeception and treatment by either country of merchants, 
manufacturers, and travelers from the other, with special refer- 
ence to payment of taxes of any kind. (Art. IV,) 

{b) Treatment of Greek subjects in Persia in localities where 
there is no Greek consul, with regard to exemption of houses, stores, 
and shops from forced entry or search, (Art IV.) 

{c) Customs duties payable in either country by subjects of the 
other on importation or exportation of merchandise. (Art. V.) 

{d) Consideration and privileges to be extended in ports of either 
country to merchant vessels of the other. (Art. VI.) 

{e) Customs duties imposed by either country on importation or 
exportation of merchandise of any kind in ships of the other, what- 
ever its origin or destination. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Assistance to be given ships of either country wrecked in 
ports or on coasts of the other. (Art. VII.) 

{g) Honors and privileges to be accorded by either country to 
consuls of the other, both as regards their persons and official func- 
tions, and their dwellings, assistance, and servants. (Art. VIII.) 

(A) Treatment of citizens of either country in the other with 
regard to administration of justice. (Art. IX.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Eight of subjects of either country to travel in and through 
the other; with special reference to safe conducts and other pro- 
tection to be given by local authorities in either country. (Art. III.) 

{h) Subjects of either country may import, export, and trans- 
port all kinds of merchandise through, into, or from the other by 



GREECE AND RUSSIA. 605 

land or sea, and may exercise commerce throughout the extent of 
both empires; and may hire houses, stores, and shop^: it being un- 
derstood that internal commerce is subject to the hiws of the coun- 
try. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Persian officials cannot enter by force into houses, stores, an;! 
shops of Greek subjects, nor make any domiciliary search except 
in the presence of representatives of the Greek diplomatic agent or 
consul. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Right of either country to appoint three consuls in the other 
st places named ; it being understood that Greek consular agents 
engaging in commercial affairs are subject in Persia, as regards 
their commerce, to the same laws and customs as other Greek subjects. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(e) Consular administration of estates of their deceased nationals 
in either country. (Art. IX.) 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 34 1. 

Commercial convention between Greece and RurnauHt. 

SIGNED 17 Mar., 1014, at Bucharest. Ratifications excliangerl there 4 June, 
1914. Duration indefinite, subject to termination by either pariy on 12 months' 
notice. (Art. II.) 

TEXT : French. B. F. S. P. 107 : 892 ; Monitorul O. 1914, No. .52. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privilege, or re- 
duction of duties which either country may accord by similar treaties 
to any third power; with special reference to importation, exporta- 
tion, transit, and whatever concerns commercial and maritime opera- 
tions, exercise of commerce and industry, payment of taxes and other 
imposts, and protection of industrial property. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Russia.'"*^ 
No. 345. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation between Greece and Russia^ amd 
"protocol additional thereto. 

SIGNED 24 June and 6 Oct., 1850, respectively, at Athens. Effective for 10 
years, and thereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XVI.) i 

TEXT : Greek and French. Greece Tr. 1912 : 686-701 ; French, B. F. S. P. 
39 : 95-104. 

I. Most-favored-Mation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respect- 
ing any particular favor which either country may accord to other 
nations in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. VII and pro- 
tocol, Art. 1.) lo uvb^M,^-n : yr. .j • 



See p. 757, note 195. 



606 GREECE AND RUSSIA. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to enter all ports and 
places open to foreign commerce in the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Any duties or prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation of products of the other, or on exportation of its 
products to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Right of either country to appoint consular officers and com- 
mercial agents in the other. (Art. VIII and protocol, Art. 2.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting duties payable by vessels of either 
country loading or discharging foreign cargo at different ports of 
the other on the same voyage. (Protocol, Art. 4.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Protection and security of subjects of either country carrying 

on lawful business in the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other 
as regards payment of dues for tonnage, light, pilotage, port, quar- 
antine, and any other taxes or charges under whatever name, whether 
levied for the government, or for local authorities or private estab- 
lishments of any kind. (Art. II.) 

(c) Importation and exportation. All articles which may be 
legall}^ imported into, or exported from, either country in its own 
vessels, may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and for any destination ; without pay- 
ing other or higher duties or charges of any kind, and subject to the 
same bounties and drawbacks, as when carried in national vessels. 
(Arts. III-V.) 

(d) Any duties or regulations imposed by either country on im- 
portation, warehousing, or reexportation of any articles of commerce, 
whether carried in vessels of either country. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Treatment of vessels of either country seeking refuge in ports 
of the other from damage or shipwreck, with special reference to 
payment of dues; including expenses for salvage and quarantine. 
(Art. X.) 

(/) Duties regarding disposal of, or succession to, personpJ prop- 
erty in either country by will or otherwise. (Art. XL) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. I.) 

(h) Detailed provisions relating to functions and privileges of 
consular officers and recovery of seamen deserters (Arts. VIII, IX, 
and protocol. Art. 3) ; treatment of estates left by nationals of either 
country dying in the other and settlement of disputes concerning 



'GREECE AND SPAIN. 607 

succession thereto (Arts. XII, XIII) ; inheritance of landed prop- 
erty in either country by subjects of the other (Art. XIII) ; and re- 
ciprocal exemption of subjects of either country from the jus de- 
tractus (Art. XIV). 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 

(a) Special advantages accorded by Russia to Sweden and Nor- 
way, concerning commercial relations between those countries and 
Finland. (Separate art. I.) 

(b) Exemptions, immunities, and privileges accorded by Russia to 
Russian-owned vessels built in Russia, which are exempt from navi- 
gation dues during the first three years. (Separate art. II.) 

(c) Immunities accorded in Russia to English yacht clubs. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State,"' 
No. 346. 

Provisional coviniercial arrange'nient hetween Greece and Se^rhia. 

SIGNED 29 June, 1894, at Belgrade. Ratifications exchanged there 9 June, 
1895. Duration indefin te. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. 
(Art. II.) 

TEXT: Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912: 711-13; French, B. F. S. P. 
86 : 1207-8. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms with regard to establishment of each other's nationals and in 
matters of commerce and navigation; with special reference to im- 
portation, exportation, transit, and whatever concerns customs du- 
ties, commercial operations, exercise of commerce and industries, 
and paj^ment of taxes relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further assured to merchandise 
originating in either country as regards transportation in the other 
by rail or any other way. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 347. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Greece and Spain, 

SIGNED 23 Sept., 1903, at Paris. Ratifications exchanged there 14 Nov., 
1904. Terminable on one year's notice by either party. (Art. XX.) 

TEXT : Greek and French, Greece, Tr. 1912 : 456-71 ; French, B. F. S. P. 96 ; 
621-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to : 

{a) All benefits and customs advantages to be accorded to products 
of either country imported into the other; except special customs 
advantages which Spain may accord exclusively to Portugal and to 
France to facilitate frontier traffic, or which Greece may accord to 
another State for the same purpose. (Art. II.) 

»«See p. 771, note 197. 



60'8 GBEECE AND SPAIN. 

(h) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose on 
importation, exportation, or transit (Arts. II, III), as noted below 
under III h, 

(c) Any duties or formalities imposed by either country on expor- 
tation of any articles to the other. (Art. III.) 

(d) Kights which commercial, industrial, or finaricial companies 
and associations of either country may exercise in the other. (Art. 
VI.) 

(e) Treatment of commercial travelers of either country in the 
other with regard to licenses and the importation and reexportation 
of samples. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to consu- 
lar officers by either country. (Art. XL) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty of all kinds, real or personal, by will or otherwise^ in any man- 
ner. (Art. I.) 

(b) All rights concerning exercise of commerce and industries in 
either countr}', and all imposts relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

(c) All matters relating to bounties, drawbacks, facilities, and 
warehousing in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Importation and exportation. Any merchandise which may 
be lawfully im.ported into or exported from either country in its 
oAvn vessels may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the 
other, from whatever place arriving and for any destination, with- 
out paying other or higher duties and entitled to the same bounties, 
drawbacks, and other favors as when carried in national vessels. 
(Art. V.) 

(e) Protection of citizens of either country in the other with re- 
gard to property in trade or industrial marks, designs, or models. 
(Art. VII.) 

(/) All dues for tonnage, port, pilotage, lighting, quarantine, 
brokerage, and any similar dues imposed on the hull of the vessel, 
under whatever name and no matter by whom or how levied in ports 
of either countr}^ on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving, 
and whatever their destination. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Any expenses payable by vessels of either country wrecked and 
salvaged in ports or on coasts of the other. (Art. XVIII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exeriapt in the other from obliga- 
tion to accept official or municipal functions, from ail personal mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from all military requisitions, ex- 
traordinar^r contributions or forced loans, except those imposed on 
landed property. (Art. I.) 



GREECE AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 609 

(h) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation or transit, except in the following 
cases applying to all countries in the same circumstances : 

(1) Any State monopolies which may be established by either 
country : 

(2) Sanitary measures for protection of persons, cattle, or plants 
useful to agriculture. (Art. II.) 

(c) Subjects of either country; are exempt in the other from all 
transit duties. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Detailed and extensive provisions regarding rights, duties, 
and functions of consular officers in either country. (Arts. XI- 
XIX.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The coasting trade, both maritime and fluvial, 
and the various branches of fisheries in territorial waters of either 
country are reserved for the national flag. (Art. X.) 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 348. 

Treat]/ of commerce and navigation hetioeen Greece and Sioeden 
and Norway. 

SIGNED 27 Oct., 1852, at Athens. Effective for 10 years, and thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXI.) 

TEXT: Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912: 604-15 : French, B. F. S. P. 44: 
916-23 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 807-13 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 78-84. 

I. Most-favored-siation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to : 

(a) All duties imposed by either country on importation of 
products of the other (Art. VI), subject to conditions stated (Art. 
XIX). 

{h) Any prohibitions imposed on importation or exportation of 
products of either country to or from the other. (Art. VI.) 

{c) Any taxes payable by commercial travelers of either country 
in the other (Decl. of 2 Mar., 1893^^^). 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Equal freedom of commerce, and perfect equality and reci- 
procity of commiercial rights and advantages in either country ; with 
special reference to any pavments or chai'ges relating thereto. (Art. 

II.) 

(5) Eight of residence in either country, and right to own dwel- 
lings, stores, and other real property necessary for commerce, subject 
to condition stated. (Art. II.) 

{c) Security and protection to be accorded to merchants of either 
country as regards their persons, property, and business in the other. 
(Art. il.) 

149 French, B. F. S. P. 85 : 485. 



610 GREECE AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

(d) Treatment of ships of either country in ports of the other 
respecting payment of taxes or charges of any kind levied by the 
Government, or by local authorities or private establishments; with 
special reference to duties for tonnage, beaconage, pilotage, and 
quarantine, and port dues or tolls. (Art. III.) 

(e) Importation and exportation. Any object's of commerce 
which may be lawfully imported into or exported from either coun- 
try in its own vessels, may likewise be imported or exported, in ships 
of the other, from whatever place arriving and for any destination, 
without paying other or higher duties or charges of any kind, and 
entitled to the same bounties, drawbacks, and warehousing facilities, 
as when carried in national ships. (Arts. IV, V, VII.) 

(/) Freedom of purchase and sale of products of either country 
in the other, whether imported in vessels of either nationality. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(g) Treatment in ports and warehouses of either country of mer- 
chandise imported and reexported in ships of the other ; with special 
reference to regulations, conditions, and dues relating thereto. (Art. 
IX.) 

(h) Any duties or charges imposed on vessels of either country 
entering different ports of the other on the same voyage, under con- 
ditions stated. (Art. X.) 

(i) Treatment of subjects of either country in the other with 
regard to all rights, privileges, favors, and exemptions concerning 
persons and property. (Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) The coasting trade of either country is reserved exclusively 
for the national flag; but vessels of either country may discharge 
foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. 
(Art. X.) 

(h) Assistance to vessels of either country wrecked in ports or 
on coasts of the other. Salvaged merchandise is exempt from pay- 
ment of duties, unless cleared for consumption in the country. 
(Art. XIII.) 

(c) Detailed provisions concerning nationality of vessels (Art 
XI) ; piracy (Art. XIV) ; contraband (Art. XV) ; and functions 
and privileges of consuls of either country in the other (Arts. XVI- 
XVIII). 

IV. Application to colonies. — All the stipulations of this treat}^ 
are applicable to Greek vessels in the island of St. Bartholomew and 
dependencies in the West Indies, from whatever place arriving and 
for whatever jolace departing. (Art. XX.) 



GREECE AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 611 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 349. 

Provisional coiivmercial convention between Greece and S witzerlcmd. 

SIGNED 10 June. 1887, at Berlin. Terminable on 12 months' notice by eitlier 
party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT : Greek and French, Greece Tr. 1912 : 412-15 ; French, B. F. S. P. 
78:930-1. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any privileges, immunities, or advantages which either 
country may accord to the subjects or merchandise of any other 
nation (Art. I) ; with special reference to any favor, privileges, or 
reduction of duties relating to importation or exportation (Art. II). 

'Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of objects imported from the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, 
or transit; with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. II.) 

{h) Export duties which either country may impose on exporta- 
tion of any objects to the other. (Art. II.) 

{c) All matters concerning transit through either countrv. (Art. 

II.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to any 
advantages accorded by either country in matters concerning protec- 
tion of trade and industrial marks, subject to provisions and for- 
malities prescribed by the laws and regulations in force. (Decl. 
of 3 Dec, 1895.^^0) 

III. Other provisions. — Citizens of either country are exempt in 
the other from all military service and from all extraordinary 
requisitions or contributions imposed in exceptional circumstances, 
so far as such contributions are not imposed on landed property. 
(Art. III.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The principle of most-favored-nation treatment 
does not apply to favors which either country may accord to border- 
ing States to facilitate frontier traffic, nor to reductions or exemp- 
tions from customs duties granted only to limited frontier zones, 
or to inhabitants of certain districts. (Art. III.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Greece with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of. No, 27. 



150 French, B. F. S. P. 87 : 409. 
54083—22 40 



GUATEMALA. 
Treaties with America, United States of, to Germany. 

Treaties of Guatemala with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, No. 28. 
Germany, No. 314. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 350. 

Treaty of comrnerce and namgation heticeen Guatemala and Italy. 

SIGNED 28 Feb., 1916, at Guatemala. Ratifications exchanged 1 Aug., 1916. 
Effective from exchange of ratifications until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter ter- 
minable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. 16.) 

TEXT: Italian, G. U. 1 Sept.. 1916:4414-18: Spanish, El Guatemalteco, 
9 May, 1916:229-30; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 110:893-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) in regard to: 

{a) Exercise of professions in either country by citizens of the 
other. (Art. 2.) 

(b) Whatever articles of commerce may be lawfully imported into 
or exported from either country in vessels of any foreign State may 
likewise be imported or exported in vessels of either contracting 
country, from whatever place arriving and for any destination, with- 
out paying other or higher duties and subject to the sam.e exemptions, 
bounties, and drawbacks as when carried in ships of the most-favored 
nation. This complete equality of treatment to apply also with 
reference to transit of any merchandise through either of the con- 
tracting countries. (Art. 6.) 

{c) All duties and taxes of any kind imposed on vessels of either 
country in ports of the other, wdiether levied for the State or for 
municipalities, corporations, public officials, or establishments of any 
kind. (Art. 10.) 

{d) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports, waters, and 
docks of the other, with special reference to stationing, loading, and 
unloading, and all formalities and arrangements affecting the vessels 
and their crews or cargoes. (Art. 10.) 

{e) Duties levied on ships of either country loading or discharg- 
ing foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage ; 
but the coasting trade is expressly reserved for regulation by laws 
of each country. (Art, 11.) 
612 



GUATEMALA AND ITALY. 613 

(/) Treatment of merchants, manufacturers, and commercial 
travelers from either country buying or selling merchandise in the 
other with or without samples, and all imposts or facilities relating 
thereto, including temporary duty-free admission of travelers' sam- 
ples when capable of identification. (Art. 16.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) All duties, imposts, taxes, or other charges, and all privileges, 
exemptions, immunities, or favors of any kind concerning exercise 
of commerce, industries, or professions in ports, cities, and other 
localities of either country. (Art. 2.) 

(b) Right to acquire, possess, and dispose of movable and immov- 
able property in either country, and to rent or lease lands, houses, 
and shops. (Art. 3.) 

(c) Internal duties or charges imposed by either country on pro- 
duction, manufacture, or consumption of merchandise, whether levied 
for the State or for municipalities or corporations, must not bear 
more heavily on products of the other country than on similar ar- 
ticles of domestic or other foreign production. (Art. 7.) 

(d) Military requisitions or imposts incumbent on possessions of 
landed property in either country. (Art. 4.) 

in. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All taxes, imposts, or other charges of any kind relating to 
acquisition, possession, or disposal of movable or immovable prop- 
erty in either country ; including export thereof or of proceeds if sold. 
(Art. 3.) 

(6) Right of citizens of either country to conduct any lawful 
business in the other, personally or otherwise, with special reference 
to remuneration payable to persons employed. (Art. 5.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service and all military requisitions or forced loans (except charges 
incumbent on possession of landed property), and from obligation to 
accept judicial, administrative, or municipal office. (Art. 4.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except in the 
following cases: 

(1) Exceptional circumstances connected with war. 

(2) Consideration of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures to protect persons, animals, or useful 
plants. 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal laws on production or distribution of 
similar articles of domestic production. (Art. 8.) 



614 GUATEMALA AND UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 

(c) Either country may require certificates of origin to be pre- 
sented in exceptional cases under conditions stated. (Art. 9.) 

(d) Exemption of vessels from tonnage and clearance duties in 
ports of either country under conditions stated. (Art. 12.) 

(e) Merchandise salvaged from damaged or shipwrecked vessels 
of either country is exempt in the other from customs duties, unless 
cleared for domestic consumption. (Art. 13.) 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) The coasting trade and fishing industry of either country, 
which is reserA^ed for regulation by their respective laws. (Art 11.) 

(h) All that relates to towage and salvage service in either coun- 
try. (Ibid.) 

(c) Most-favored-nation provisions of this treaty do not apply to 
special favors which Guatemala msij grant to any Central American 
Eepublic. (Art. 15.) 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 351. 

Treaty of recognition^ feace^ and friendship 'between Gnatemala and 
Spain. 

SIGNED 29 May, 1863, at Madrid. Ratifications exchanged tliere 20 June, 
1864. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT: Spanish, Guatemala Tr. 1:125-32; English (transl.) B. F. S. P. 
59 : 1200-4. 

I. Most-favored-natioe treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms regarding any exemptions, favors, or pri^a- 
leges granted by either country in matters of commerce, customs, and 
navigation. (Art. IX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to.: 

{a) Taxes payable in either country by citizens of the other on 
industry, commerce, or property. (Art. YIII.) 

{h) Exercise of trades, professions, and commerce by wholesale 
or retail ; acquisition and disposal of, or succession to, every descrip- 
tion of property, real or personal, including export of proceeds if 
sold; and all conditions or payments relating to any of these. (Art. 
VII.) 

((?) All exemptions, privileges, and immunities accorded to diplo- 
matic and consular agents by either country. (Art. X.) 

II. Other provisions. — Exemption of each other's citizens from 
military service, and from all extraordinary contributions and 
forced loans. (Art. VIII.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Guatemala with the United States have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 
Xo. 28. 



HAITI. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Germany. 

Treaties of Haiti with tlie following countries have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under: 
America, United States of, No. 29. 
France, No. 288. 
Germany, Nos. 314 and 316. 

HEBJAZ. 

See Treaty of Versailles, No. 314. 

HONDURAS. 
Treaties with America, United States of, to Germany. 

Treaties of Honduras with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, No. 30. 
Belgium, No. 104. 
France, No. 289. 
Germany, Nos. 314 and 317. 
Great Britain (under British Empire), No. 165. 

Treaty with Italy. 
No. 352. 

Treaty of commerce cmd navigation tetween Honduras and Italy, 
and declaration additional thereto. 

SIGNED 31 Dec, 1868. at Guatemala. Ratifications exchanged there 18 
Sept., 1871. Additional declaration signed 14 July, 1875.''' Effective from 18 
Sept., 1871, for 10 years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by 
either party. (Art. XXIV.) 

TEXT : Italian, Italv Tr. 1911, 1 : 531-10 ; Martens 54 : 241-8 ; English 
(transl.), B. F. S. P. 61:1045-52. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms regarding all favors or concessions granted by either coun- 
try in matters of commerce and navigation, or respecting any other 
matters contemplated in this treaty. (Art. XXIII.) 

Most-favorecl-nation treaty is further reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to: 

isi Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1:540; Martens 54:248; English (transl.). B. F. S. P. 
69 : 415. 

615 



616 HONDURAS AND ITALY. 

(a) Duties payable on importation or exportation of products of 
either country (Art. V and addl. decl.).^^^ 

(b) Treatment of warships of either country in ports of the other 
(Art. I.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms re- 
specting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, immunities, and ex- 
emptions in matters of commerce and navigation, and all taxes or 
imposts relating thereto; subject to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Arts. I, 11.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Right of citizens of either country to enter with vessels and 
cargoes all places, ports, and rivers ^n the other, and to reside in any 
part thereof. (Art. I.) 

(h) Right of citizens of either country to trade in the other by 
wholesale or retail; to hire and occupy houses, warehouses, and 
shops ; transj^ort goods and money ; receive consignments, domestic 
or foreign; conduct lawful business in any capacity, personally or 
otherwise ; on paying the same dues, taxes, charges, contributions, or 
imposts which native citizens pay. (Art. II.) 

(c) All rights and privileges concerning protection of persons and 
property, on the same conditions as native citizens. (Art. III.) 

(d) Ail articles of commerce which may be legally imported into 
or exported from either country in any foreign vessels, from what- 
ever place arriving and for any destination, may likewise be im- 
ported or exported in Italian or Honduranean vessels, subject to the 
same dudes, exemptions, allowances, and drawbacks as when carried 
in national vessels. (Art. V.) 

(e) All dues for tonnage, port, lighthouse, pilotage, quarantine, 
and any other duties or charges of any kind, levied in ports of either 
country on ships of the other; including the coastwise trade of both 
countries. (Art VII.) 

(/) All civil rights; with special reference to possession and dis- 
posal of, or succession to, property of all kinds, by will or otherwise, 
and all dues, taxes, or imposts relating thereto. (Art. XVIII.) 

(g) All conditions, restrictions, or taxes concerning access to 
courts of justice and employment of advocates or others therein. 
(Art. XIX.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from obligatory military 
service by land or sea, from ail contributions in substitution there- 
for; and from obligations to accept judicial or municipal office. 
(Art. III.) 

(h) Citizens of either country and their vessels, crews, and car- 
goes are exempt in the other from sequestration, embargo, or deten- 

1^1 Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1:540; Martens 54:248; English (transl.), B, F. S. P. 
69 : 415. 



HONDURAS AND MEXICO. 617 

tion for military expeditions, or for any public use, without in- 
demnity previously aofreed on. (Art. IV.) 

(c) No monopoly, indemnity, or privilege to be granted by either 
country to the injury of the commerce, the flag, and the citizens of 
the other; except Government monopolies, and the introduction or 
application of patents for inventions. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Exemption of vessels from all tonnage and clearance dues, 
under conditions stated. (Art. VIII, ) 

(e) Nationality of merchant vessels to be determined by ships' 
papers required by the laws of each country. (Art. XVII.) 

(/) Extensive provisions relating to shipwrecks (Art. IX), piracy 
(Art. XI), war (Arts. XII and XVI), blockade (Arts. XII-XIV), 
contraband (Art. XV), and validity of either country of sentences, 
ordinances, and notarial acts issued or executed in the other (Arts. 
XX- XXII). 

Tteaty with Mexico. 

No. 353. 

Treaty of arhitration^ friendship^ covunerce^ and na-vigation between 
Honduras and Mexico. 

SIGNED 24 Mar., 1908, at Mexico. IliitiJicatious exchanged tliere 30 Sept., 
1910. Effective from exchange of ratifications for fire years, and thereafter 
terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art, XXVII.) 

TEXT : Spanish, Honduras Tr. Vig. 1915 : 88-103 ; Martens 93 : 753-6 ; Eng- 
lish (transl.), B. F. S. P. 102: 655-67. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
(Art. XXVIII) pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) in re- 
gard to: 

{a) Free and secure access, with ships, cargoes, and effects, to all 
ports, rivers, and similar places open to foreign commerce in either 
country. (Art. XI.) 

(h) Duties imposed by either country on importation, reexporta- 
tion, or transit of products of the other. (Art. XIII.) 

{c) Duties imposed by either country on exportation of any mer- 
chandise to the other. (Art. XIII.) 

{d) Prohibitions established by either country respecting im- 
portation, exportation, or transit of goods; except sanitary meas- 
ures^ or to prevent propagation of epizootic diseases or loss of har- 
vests, and except operations of war. (Art. XIII.) 

{e) All honors, immunities, privileges, and exemptions extended 
to war ships of either country in ports and waters of the other; 
subject to previous authorization for stationing of squadrons. 
(Art. XV.) 

(/) All duties payable by vessels of either country loading or 
unloading (foreign) cargoes in different ports of the other on the 
same voyage; but the coasting trade is reserved for regulation by 
the laws of each country. (Art. XVI.) 



618 HONDUEAS AND MEXICO. 

{g) Local treatment of crews, vessels, and import or export car- 
goes in ports or waters of either country, with special reference to 
stationing, loading, and unloading of vessels, and all taxes or con- 
tributions relating thereto; also payment of port, anchorage, ton- 
nage, lighthouse, pilotage, salvage, quarantine, and other dues or 
charges aifecting the hull of the ship ; subject to observing the laws 
and regulations regarding police of the ports, customs formalities, 
and prevention of smuggling. (Art. XVII.) 

{h) Any merchandise of whatever origin which may be imported 
into or exported and reexported from either country in any foreign 
v^essel, from whatever place arriving and for any destination, may 
likewise be carried in Mexican or Honduranean vessels, without 
being subject to other formalities, duties, or contributions than ves- 
sels of the most-favored nation. (Art. XIX.) 

{i) Payment of any duties charged on produce of a third country 
shipped from one of the contracting States to the other. (Art. 
XIX.) 

{]) All privileges, honors, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
to diplomatic and consular representatives by either country. (Art. 
XXIII.) 

{h) Obligation of citizens of either country to respect the insti- 
tutions, obey the authorities, and observe the laws of the other, espe- 
cially laws defining the rights and obligations of foreigners. 
(Art. IV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (at claimant's op- 
tion) is reciprocally pledged with reference to taxes, duties, charges, 
or contributions payable in either country by citizens of the other on 
real or personal property, and also as regards treatment of property 
of each other's citizens in case of war between the two countries. 
(Art. IX.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Security and protection of each other's citizens as regards 
their persons, domiciles, and property in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty of all kinds in either country, by will or otherwise ; also right to 
export property or proceeds thereof, and any imposts, charges, export 
duties, inheritance taxes, or transfer charges relating thereto. (Art. 

in.) 

((?) All rights, privileges, and obligations relating to administra- 
tion of justice in either country. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Payment of taxes, charges, or personal contributions of any 
kind imposed on persons, property, industry, trade, or professions 
in either country. (Art. IX.) 

{e) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from forced 
loans and from charges or requisitions of war, except when imposed 



HONDURAS AND MEXICO. 619 

on capital in circulation or on real property in either country. (Art. 
IX.) 

(/) Eight to travel in any part of either country and to engage in 
any lawful commerce, trade, or industry, personally or other^Yise, 
including right to buy or rent lands, houses, shops, and other prem- 
ises. (Art. XI,) 

(g) All that relates to the loading, discharging, and clearing of 
vessels and merchandise in either country, with special reference to 
declarations for customs and other departments of the revenue. 
(Art. XI.) 

{/i) All concessions, privileges, or immunities concerning right to 
traffic in all kinds of securities, stocks, bills, and shares, and to form 
and conduct all classes of commercial, industrial, or financial estab- 
lishments and companies, with special reference to any privileges 
which the laws and regulations of the mining industry may concede 
to the natives in either country. (Art. XI.) 

(i) All rights and privileges granted by either country to its citi- 
zens respecting patents for inventions, industrial or commercial 
trade-marks, labels, drawings, and engravings of industrial objects. 
(Art. XII.) 

(j) Eight to engage in all lawful forms of maritime commerce in 
either country, subject to complying with local laws and regulations 
relating thereto. (Art. XIV.) 

(k) Eight to acquire possession of merchant vessels by any legal 
title in either country, and to sail them under' the flag of the State 
where purchased, subject to observing its laws and regulations re- 
lating thereto. (Art. XIV.) 

(Z) Assistance and protection to any vessels of either coimtry seek- 
ing refuge from damage or shipwreck in waters of the other. (Art. 
XX.) 

(m) Treatment and judicial procedure to be applied to citizens of 
either country participating in civil disturbances of the other. (Art. 
XXIII.) 

{n) Diplomatic and consular representatives of either nation in 
foreign countries to afford the same protection to persons and prop- 
erty of citizens of the other as to their own compatriots, and on the 
same terms. (Art. XXVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Arbitration of disputes between the two countries, except mat- 
ters involving national dignity or territorial integrity. (Art. I.) 

(h) Judicial orders and final judgments in civil, commercial, and 
other specified matters ; also legal documents, deeds, testaments, and 
other public instruments issued by courts or other authorities of 



620 HONDURAS AND MEXICO. 

either country and drawn up and legalized in the manner prescribed, 
to have the same force and validity in the other country as when 
issued by its own courts or other authorities concerned. (Arts. V-^ 
YII.) 

(c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from all contributions in substitu- 
tion therefor; except service in police forces when required for se- 
curity of property or preservation of order in civil matters. (Art. 
VIII.) 

{d) Exemption of ships, crews, merchandise, and other property 
of citizens of either country from requisition or detention in the 
other for military purposes or for any public service, without just 
compensation previously guaranteed. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Assistance and protection to each other's citizens and vessels 
in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. XX.) 

(/) Limit of jurisdiction of either country in its territorial waters 
(for police supervision, enforcement of customs regulations, preven- 
tion of smuggling, and in matters concerning the safety of the 
country) to be 20 kilometers from the line of low water. (Art. 
XXI.) 

(g) Neither country to be responsible for damages or exactions 
suffered by citizens of the other during insurrections or civil war 
from rebels, etc., except in case of fault or neglect on the part of the 
authorities concerned. (Art. XXIII.) 

(h) Complete liberty of conscience and of religion is assured to 
citizens of either country in the other, subject to the laws of the 
country. (Art. II.) 

(i) Free legal advice in either country to indigent citizens of the 
other. (Art. IV.) 

(j) Exemption of each other's vessels from payment of tonnage 
dues, port dues, and fees for clearance (but not from pilotage 
charges), under conditions stated. (Art. XVIII.) 

(k) Products of any third country shipped from one of the con- 
tracting States to the other are reciprocallv exempt from all transit 
dues. (Art. XIX.) 

(!) Detailed provisions concerning conduct of either country in 
case the other is at war with any third power. (Art. XXII.) 

(m) Diplomatic representatives not to intervene in complaints re- 
lating to civil, criminal, or administrative matters, except for denial 
of justice or violation of existing treaties. (Art. XXIII.) 

(n) Nationality of merchant ships of either country to be de- 
termined by ship's papers required by national laws. (Art. XV.) 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 



HONDUEAS AND SALVADOR. 621 

(a) The fishing industry in any of its branches or applications, 
which remains subject to the laws of each country. (Art. XXIV.) 

(b) Most-favored-nation rights claimable under this treaty do not 
include privileges which Honduras may grant to Central American 
Republics. (Art. XXVIII.) 

Treaty with Salvador. 
No. 354. 

Treaty of free trade hetween Honduras and Salvador. 

SIGNED 28 Feb., 1918, at Tegucigalpa. Ratifications exchanged there 27 Apr., 
1918. Effective until 27 Apr., 1924, and thereafter for further period? of six 
years, unless notice of termination is given by either party three months before 
expiration of any six-year period (Art. XII), but terminable immediately in 
case either country should be obliged under conditions stated to grant the same 
commercial favors to any third power outside the group of Central-American 
States (Art. XI). 

TEXT: Spanish, Salvador Bol. Rel. Ext., Mar., 1918:21-6; English (transl.), 
B. P. S. P. Ill : 750-2. 

I. Scope of free trade. 

{a) The free trade established by this treaty applies only to: 

( 1 ) Trade carried on over the respective land frontiers, or through 
ports of the Gulf of Fonseca. (Art. X.) 

(2) Natural products and raw materials produced in either coun- 
try and articles manufactured therefrom, except articles of Govern- 
ment m^onopoly (Art. I), and except as noted below under II a. 

II. Taxes, duties, and customs tariffs. 

{a) The natural products and raw materials of either country and 
articles manufactured therefrom (except coffee, hides of all kinds, 
and cigarettes) shall be free of taxes for transit or any other object, 
and free of import or export duties of every kind, whether levied 
for the State or for municipalities, corporations, or any other bodies. 
(Art. II.) 

{h) Both parties agree to appoint delegates with a view to render- 
ing uniform the customs tariffs existing in both countries, (Art. 
VIII.) 

{c) Each country to reduce as far as possible the taxes on the 
.slaughter of cattle, in order to favor consumers. (Art. IX.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Notwithstanding the existing prohibition against exportation 
of metallic currency, each country agrees to permit export of coin 
without am^ formality in payment of products to which this treaty 
refers. (Art. III.) 

(6) To make the exemption from duties effective, certificates of 
origin may be required, which must be legalized in the manner stated. 
(Arts. IV, V.) 



622 HONDURAS AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

(c) Neither Government shall permit any establishment for manu- 
facture or sale of " aguardiente " within 3 leagues from the unin- 
habited frontier, nor in valleys or communities where there is no 
authority. (Art. YI.) 

(d) Both parties agree to construct necessary roads and bridges on 
frontiers to facilitate traffic between the two countries. (Art. VII.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties between Honduras and the United States have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 

No. 30. 



HUNGARY/^^ 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Germany. 

Treaties of Hungary with the following countries have been pre- 
viousl}^ dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of, Xo. 31. 
Germany, No. 318- 

Treaty with the Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 355. 

Treaty of peace hetiveen Hungary and the Allied and Associated 
Powers. 

S'IGXED "' 4 June, 1920, at Trianon. Effective from 26 July, 1921, for indefi- 
nite term, but various time limits are placed on operation of specified articles 
of tile treaty. 

CONTRACTING STATES: The following powers have ratified the treaty: 
British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, and Hungary. 

TEXT : English. United States 67th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 7 : 163-319 ; 
G. B. T. S. 1920, No. 10, Cmd. 896. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is unconditionally pledged by 
Hungary to all the Allied and Associated States (subject to excep- 
tions and limitations noted below under II a-e) in respect to the fol- 
lowing matters : 

(a) Importatiox, exportation, transit. — Every favor, immunity, 
or privilege granted by Hungary in regard to importation, exporta- 
tion, or transit of goods. (Art. 203.) 

{h) Importation. — All duties or charges (including internal 
charges), and all prohibitions or restrictions imposed on importation 
into Hungarian territory of products of any Allied or Associated 
State, from whatever place arriving. (Art. 200.) No discrimina- 
tion to be made, on importation, against the commerce of any Allied 

152 For detailed stipulations in Hungary's treaty of peace of 4 June, 1920, with, the 
Allied and Associated Powers concerning- her treaty relations after the World War, see 
Arts. 217-30 of that treaty, noted in this volume under No. 355, VIII m, 1-5, also 
p. 187, note 20. 

i5'' Signed by the following powers : America, United States of, British Empire, France, 
Italy, and Japan (these powers being- described in the treaty as the Principal Allied and 
Associated Towers) ; Belgium, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Nicaragiaa, Panama, 
Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, and Siam (these powers con- 
stituting with the Principal Powers mentioned above the Allied and Associated Powers;) ; 
and Hungary. 

623 



624 HUNGARY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWEES. 

and Associated iState, even by indirect means, such as customs regu- 
lations and procedure, methods of verification or analysis, condi- 
tions of payment of duties, tariff classification or interpretation, or 
the operation of monopolies. (Art. 201.) Until 26 Jan., 1922, the 
duties imposed by Hungary on imports from Allied and Associated 
States shall not be higher than the most favorable duties applied to 
imports into Austria-Hungary on 28 July, 1914; and until 26 July, 
1924, this provision shall continue to be applied exclusively as regards 
importation of fruits (fresh and dried), fresh vegetables, olive oil, 
eggs, pigs and pork products, and live poultry, so far as such prod- 
ucts enjoyed on 28 July, 1914, rates conventionalized by treaties with 
the Allied and Associated Powers. (Art. 206.) 

(c) Exports. — All duties or charges (including internal charges) 
in all that concerns exportation of Hungarian products to any Allied 
and Associated State ; and any prohibitions or restrictions on expor- 
tation of any goods sent from Hungarian territory to any such 
State. (Art. 202.) 

(d) Trade and industry. — Any prohibitions, regulations or re- 
strictions in regard to exercise of occupations, professions, trade and 
industry. (Art. 211 ar-h.) 

(e) Aerial navigation. — Treatment of aircraft of Allied and As- 
sociated Powers as regards internal commercial air traffic in Hun- 
gary. (Art. 265.) 

(/) Seaports. — Treatment of seaports of Allied and Associated 
Powers as regards all favors and reduced tariffs granted on Hun- 
garian railways or navigable waterways for the benefit of any port 
of another power. (Arts. 272-3.) 

11. Exceptions and limitations. 

(a) Articles 200 to 203 (noted above under I a-e) can not be in- 
voked by Allied and Associated States to secure the advantage of 
an}^ arrangement which Hungary may make until 26 July, 1926, 
with Austria or Czechoslovakia for a special customs regime re- 
garding products which both originate in and come from these coun- 
tries. (Art. 205.) 

(h) The o])ligations imposed upon Hungary by Articles 200 to 208 
(including those noted above under I a-c) shall cease to have effect 
after 26 July, 1926, unless the council of the League of Nations de- 
cides before 26 July, 1925, that these obligations shall be maintained 
for a further period with or without amendment. (Art. 215.) 

(c) Unless the League of Nations decides otherwise, none of the 
Allied and Associated Powers is entitled to require fulfillment by 
Hungary of provisions of Articles 200 to 203 after 26 July, 1924, 
unless that power accords correlative treatment to Hungary. (Art. 
215.) 



HUNGARY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 625 

(d) Article 211 (noted above under I d) may be kept in operation 
after 26 July, 1926, with or without amendment, for a further period 
not exceeding five years, by a majority of the council of the League 
of Nations. (Art. 215.) 

(e) Article 265 (noted above under I e) remains in force until 1 
Jan., 1923, subject to contingency noted below under VII. (Art. 
267.) 

III. National and most-favored-nation treatment is uncondition- 
ally pledged by Hungary to all the Allied and Associated Powers 
(subject to exceptions and limitations noted below under V a-h) . in 
respect of the following matters: 

(a) Ports, watp:rways, and railways. — Transit through Hun- 
garian territories b}^ rail, waterwa}^, or canal, of persons, goods, 
vessels, carriages, wagons, and mails coming from or going to any 
Allied and Associated State, whether contiguous or not. Such per- 
sons, goods, vessels, etc., shall not be subjected to any transit duty or 
to any delays or restrictions, and shall be entitled in Plungary to 
national treatment as regards charges, facilities, and all other mat- 
ters. Goods in transit to be exempt from all customs or other similar 
duties. All transport charges to be reasonable, and no charge, facil- 
ity, or restriction shall depend on ownership or nationality of the 
ship or other means of transport employed for any part of the 
through journey. (Art. 268.) 

(b) Taxes, charges, prohibitions. — Hungary undertakes to make 
no discrimination or preference, direct or indirect, in the duties, 
charges, and prohibitions relating to importations into or exporta- 
tions from her territories, or (subject to special arrangements con- 
tained in this treaty) in the charges and conditions of transport of 
goods or persons entering or leaving her territories, based on na- 
tionality of ports or means of transport employed, or on any of the 
other grounds or reasons detailed. Hungary particularly under- 
takes not to establish against the ports and vessels of any Allied or 
Associated Power any surtax or SlUJ direct or indirect bounty for 
export or import by Hungarian ports or ships, or by those of another 
power: for example, by means of combined tariffs. (Art. 270.) By 
way of exception, however, products in transit by the ports which 
before the war were in Austro-Hungarian territory shall, mitil 13 
Nov., 1923, enjoy on importation into Hungary reductions of duty 
as under the customs tariff of 1906. (Art. 204.) 

(c) Transit traffic— Transportation of goods in transit from or 
to territories of Allied and Associated Powers, as regards rapidity 
of carriage and care en route, with special reference to perishable 
goods and customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. 271.) 



'626 HUNGARY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

{d) Navigation. — Treatment of vessels and property of nationals 
of the Allied and Associated Powers in ports and on inland naviga- 
tion routes in Hungary, in all respects, including transport of goods 
and passengers without unnecessary impediment to or from any ports 
or places in Hungarian territory to which Hungarian vessels may 
have access ; with special reference to ports and harbor facilities and 
charges of every description, no matter by whom or how levied. 
(Art. 274.) But Hungarian vessels can not carry passengers or 
goods by regular services between ports of any Allied or Associated 
Power without special authority from such powxr. (Art. 277.) 

{e) Internal waiter ways. — Equal treatment of the property and 
flags of all powers on the Hungarian w^aterways declared to be in- 
ternational, with special reference to the Danube River system and 
its lateral canals and channels. (Arts. 275-6, 279.) 

(/') International transport. — Treatment on Hungarian rail- 
ways of goods coming from territories of the Allied and Associated 
Powers and going to Hungary, or in transit through Hungary from 
or to said territories, as regards charges (including rebates and draw- 
backs), facilities, and all other matters; with special reference to 
conditions of transport and length of route. Hungary undertakes to 
maintain on her own lines the regime of tariffs existing before the 
war as regards traffic to Adriatic and Black Sea ports, from the point 
of view of competition with North German ports. (Art. 295.) 

{g) Use of railways. — Railway tariffs (including drawbacks and 
rebates) applicable under the same conditions of speed and comfort 
to transportation of emigrants going to or coming from ports of 
Allied and Associated Powers and using the Hungarian railways. 
Hungary must cooperate in establishment of through ticket services 
(for passengers and their luggage) required by any of said powers 
to ensure their communication by rail with each other and with all 
other countries by transit through Hungary, and must accept trains 
and carriages com.ing from territories of said powers. (Arts. 297-9.) 
{h) Telegraphs, telephones. — Freedom of transit for telegraphic 
correspondence and telephonic communications coming from or go- 
ing to any Allied or Associated Power, whether neighbor or not, 
over lines most suitable for international transit, and without un- 
necessary delay or restriction. No payment, facility, or restriction 
shall depend directly or indirectly on nationality of transmitter or 
addressee. (Art. 309.) 

IV. National and most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged between Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Poland as regards 
the making available of coal and lignite for sale to buyers in these 
countries on terms as favorable as to buyers within the State or in 
any other country. (Art. 207.) 



HUNGARY ANT) ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 627 

V. Exceptions and limitations. 

(a) Coal, lignite, etc. — Special agreements shall be made be- 
tween Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary for reciprocal supply 
of coal, lignite, foodstuffs, and raw materials. Pending conclusion 
of such- agreements, but in no case after 26 July, 1926, these States 
reciprocally undertake that no duty or other restrictions of any 
kind shall be imposed on the export to each other of coal or lignite 
up to a reasonable quantity to be fixed as stated. (Art. 207.) 

(b) The stipulations in Articles 268 to 274, 277, 295, 297 to 299, 
and 309 (including those noted above under III, a-d and /-A, are 
subject to revision by the council of the League of Nations at any 
time after 26 July, 1924. Failing such revision, no Allied or Asso- 
ciated Power can thereafter (unless this three-year period is pro- 
longed by said council) claim the benefit of any of those stipula- 
tions for any portion of its territories in which reciprocity is not 
accorded in respect thereof. In transferred territories of the former 
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, the benefit of those stipulations can 
be claimed only on condition of reciprocity being given to Hungary. 
(Art. 313. ) 

VI. National treatment is pledged by Hungary to nationals of the 
Allied and Associated Powers (subject to limitations noted below 
under VII a^h)^ in respect of the following matters: 

(a) Taxation. — All charges, taxes, or imposts, direct or indirect, 
imposed on nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers, their 
property, rights, or interests; including companies and associations 
in which they are interested. (Art. 211 c.) 

(h) Resteictions. — Any restriction which was not applicable to 
nationals of the Allied and Associated Powers on 1 July, 1914. 
(Art. 211 d.) 

(c) Property Rights. — Any measures in derogation of property 
rights affecting the property rights or interests restored to nationals 
of Allied and Associated Powers under Article 232 of this treaty; 
including companies and associations in which they are interested. 
(Art. 233 h.) 

(d) Aerial navigation. — All privileges of aircraft of Allied and 
Associated Powers, when passing over or landing in Hungarian ter- 
ritory, particularly in case of distress. (Art. 260.) Also any regu- 
lations which Hungary may make with reference to rights of pas- 
sage, transit, and landing, as applied to aircraft of said powers fly- 
ing over Hungarian territory. (Art. 261 and 263.) 

(e) Aerodromes. — Use of aerodromes in Hungary by aircraft of 
the Allied and Associated Powers; with special reference to charges 
of every description, including charges for landing and accommo- 
dation. (Art. 262.) 

54083—22 41 



628 HUNGARY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

(/) Certificates and licenses. — Kecognition of certificates of 
nationality^ airworthiness, or competency, and of licenses issued or 
recognized as valid by any of the Allied and Associated Powers. 
(Art. 264.) 

{g) Railways. — Treatment of rolling stock of Allied and Asso- 
ciated PoAvers on Hungarian railway lines, as regards movement^ 
upkeep, and repairs. (Art. 300.) 

VII. Time limits. 

{a) Obligations of Articles 260 to 266 (including those noted 
above under VI d-f) shall remain in force until 1 Jan., 1923, unless 
before that date Hungary is admitted into the League of Nations, 
or is authorized by the Allied and Associated Powers to adhere to 
the convention concluded between said powers relative to aerial 
navigation. (Art. 267.) 

(?>) Article 211 (noted above under Yl a-b) may be kept in op- 
eration after 26 July, 1926, with or without amendment, for a fur- 
ther period not exceeding five years, by a majority of the council 
of the League of Nations. (Art. 215.) 

VIII. Other provisions. 

{(i) Unfair competition. — Hungary undertakes to adopt all 
necessary legislative and administrative measures to protect prod- 
ucts of any Allied and i\ssociated Power from all forms of unfair 
competition in commercial transactions; and undertakes to prohibit 
and repress by seizure and other appropriate remedies the impor- 
tation, exportation, manufacture, distribution, or sale in its terri- 
tory of all goods bearing marks or descriptions calculated to convey 
a false indication of origin, type, nature, or special characteristics 
of such goods. (Art. 210.) 

{h) Regional appellations. — Hungary undertakes (on condition 
of reciprocity) to respect laws and decisions of Allied and Asso- 
ciated States duly communicated to her by proper authorities, defin- 
ing or regulating the right to regional appellations for wines or 
spirits produced in the State to which the region belongs; and to 
prohibit and repress by seizure and other appropriate remedies the 
importation, exportation, manufacture, distribution or sale of 
articles bearing regional appellations inconsistent with such law or 
order. (Art. 210.) 

(c) Civil rights. — Constant protection for persons and property, 
rights, and interests of nationals of Allied and Associated Powers 
in Hungary, and free access to courts of law. (Art. 212.) 

{d) Consular officers. — Hungary undertakes to approve consu- 
lar officers which Allied and Associated Powers may appoint, and to 
admit them to the exercise of their functions in conformity with 
the usual rules and customs. (Art. 214.) 



HUNGARY AND ALLIED AND ASSO(^L\TED POWKKS. 629 

(e) (lOVERNiNiENT TRADiNo. — If the Hungarian (jovernirient en- 
gages in international trade, it shall not in respect thereof have 
any rights, privileges, or imnnmities of sovereignty. (Art. 216.) 

(/') Aeke\e NAVIGATION. — Hungarian aircraft flying over her ter- 
ritory must comply with the rules for air traffic in the neighborhood 
of aerodromes, as laid down in the convention concluded between 
the Allied and Associated Powers; with special reference to lights, 
signals, and rules of the air. (Art. 266.) 

(g) Transmigration. — Hungary undertakes not to exercise any 
control over transmigration traffic through her territories beyond 
measures necessary to ensure that passengers are bona fide in transit ; 
nor to allow any shipping company or other private corporation or 
person interested in the traffic to take part in or exercise influence 
over an}^ administrative service that may be necessary for this pur- 
pose. (Art. 269.) 

(h) Pecuniary claims. — Hungary undertakes not to put forward 
directly or indirectly against any power signatory of this treaty 
any pecuniary claim based on events which occurred at any time 
before 13 Nov., 1920 ; all claims of this nature are extinguished after 
that date, whoever may be the parties in interest. (Art. 360.) 

(i) Prize courts. — Hungary accepts as valid and binding specified 
decrees and orders made by any prize court of the Allied and Asso- 
ciated Powers, and waives all claims arising therefrom on behalf of 
any Hungarian national. Said powers reserve the right to examine 
in their own way all decisions and orders of Hungarian prize courts. 
Hungary agrees to furnish copies of all documents constituting the 
record of the case, and to give effect to recommendations made after 
such examination. (Art. 361.) 

(y) International finance. — Hungary renounces all rights ac- 
corded to her or her nationals by treaties, conventions, or agreements 
of whatsoever kind, to representation upon or participation in the 
control or administration of commissions. State banks, agencies, or 
other financial or economic organizations of an international char- 
acter exercising powers of control or administration, and operating 
in any of the Allied or Associated States, or in Germany, Aiistria, 
Bulgaria, or Turkey (or their dependencies), or in the former Rus- 
sian Empire. (Art. 192.) 

(k) Munitions of war, — Importation, manufacture, and exporta- 
tion of specified munitions of w^ar are forbidden to Hungary indefi- 
nitely (Arts. 118-19) ; also all specified aircraft until 13 May, 1921 
(Alt. 131). 

(I) Protection OF minorities. — Hungary undertakes to assure full 
and complete protection of life and liberty to all inhabitants of 
Hungary, without distinction of birth, nationality, language, race, 
or religion. (Art. 55.) Differences of religion, creed, or confession 



630 HUNGARY AND ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

shall not prejudice any Hungarian national in matters relating to 
civil or political rights, as, for instance, admission to public em- 
ployments, functions and honors, or exercise of professions or in- 
dustries. (Art. 58.) These stipulations are recognized as funda- 
mental laws and placed under the guaranty of the League of Na- 
tions. (Art. 60.) No Hungarian law, regulation, or official action 
shall conflict or interfere with the same or prevail over them. 
(Art. 54.) 

(m) Treaties. 

(1) Enumeration of multilateral treaties, conventions, and agree- 
ments to be applied, after 13 Nov., 1920, and subject to provisions of 
this treaty, as between Hungary and those of the Allied and x^sso- 
ciated Powers party thereto (Arts. 217-21; and of specified con- 
ventions to which Hungary undertakes to adhere (Arts. 222-3). 

(2) Each of the Allied and Associated Powers must, before 13 
May, 1921, notify to Hungary the bilateral agreements of all kinds 
which such power wishes to revive with Hungary ; all not thus noti- 
fied are and remain abrogated. This applies even to those of the 
Allied and Associated Powers who were not in a state of war with 
Hungary. (Art. 224.) 

(3) Hungary undertakes to adhere to any general conventions re- 
garding international regime of transit, waterways, ports, or rail- 
ways which may be concluded by the Allied and Associated Powers, 
with approval of the League of Nations, before 13 Nov., 1925. (Art. 
314.) 

(4) Abrogation of all treaties, conventions, etc., concluded by 
(Austria-) Hungary with Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, or Turkey 
from 1 Aug., 1914, to 13 Nov., 1920 (Art. 225), or concluded with 
Eussia (or with any State of which the territory previously formed 
part of Kussia), or with Roumania, from 28 July, 1914, to 13 Nov., 
1920 (Arts. 227-8). 

(5) All treaties, agreements, arrangements, and contracts between 
(Austria-) Hungary and Morocco (Arts. 80-2) and Egypt (Arts. 
86-91) are abrogated, as from 12 Aug., 1914. 

(n) Extensive provisions concerning rights of industrial, literary 

and artistic property. (Arts. 241-5.) 

Further extensive and detailed provisions relate to the following 

matters : 

(o) Political clauses concerning European States. (Arts. 36-78.) 

(p) Hungarian interests outside Europe. (Arts. 79-101.) 

(q) Military, naval, and air clauses. (Arts. 102-43.) 

(r) Prisoners of war and graves. (Arts. 144-56.) 

(s) Penalties. (Arts. 157-60.) 

(t) Reparation. (Arts. 161-79.) 



HUNGARY AKD UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 631 

(u) Financial clauses. (Arts. 180-99.) 

(r) Miscellaneous provisions. (Arts. 256-64.) 

(w) Debts (Art. 231 and annex) ; property, rights, and interests 

(Arts, 232-33 and annex) ; contracts, prescriptions, judgments (Arts. 

23^8) ; and mixed arbitral tribunal (Arts. 239-40 and annex). 
(x) Ports, waterways, and railways. (Arts. 268-314.) 
(?/) Covenant of the League of Nations.''* (Arts. 1-26.) 
(.2) Articles relating to labor.'^' (Arts. 315-55.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Hungary with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 31. 

1" See No. 506. 
165 See No. 507. 



INDIA. 

See Britisli Empire, page 290, note 40. 

ITALY. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Hungary. 

Treaties of Italy with the following countries have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under: 



America, United States of, No. 32. 

Argentina, No. 58. 

Austria, No. 63. 

Austria-Hungary, No. 75. 

Belgium, No. 105. 

Bolivia, No. 131. 

Brazil, No. 138. 

Bulgaria, Nos. 210 and 212. 

Chile, No. 223. 

China, No. 232. 

Colombia, No. 248. 

Cuba, No. 256. 

Denmark, No. 263. 



Dominican Republic, No. 277. 

Ecuador, No. 280. 

Egypt (under British Empire) 
No. 206. 

France, No. 290. 

Germany, Nos. 314 and 319. 

Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire), No. 166. 

Greece, No. 339. 

Guatemala, No. 350. 

Honduras, No. 352. 

Hungary. No. 355. 



Treaty with Japan. 
No. 356. 

Treaty of coonmerce and navigation hetween Italy and Japan. 

SIGNED 25 Nov.. 1912, at Rome. Ratifications exchanged 17 June, 1913, a: 
Tokyo. Effective from 18 June, 1913, until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter termin- 
able on one year's notice from either partv. (Art. XXI.) 

TEXT: French, P>. F. S. P. 106:1080-7: Martens .94 : 435-45 ; Italian, Atti 
Pari. No. 1269 a. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and imcondi- 
tionaliy pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
in regard to all privileges, favors, or immunities which either country 
may accord in matters concerning commerce, navigation, and indus- 
try. (Art. XIX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Exercise of industries, trades, or professions, and pursuit of 
scientific studies and investigations in either country. (Art. I, 3.) 
632 



ITALY AND JAPAN. 633 

(h) Acquisition and possession of any movable or immovable 
property which hiws of the country permit foreigners to ac(|uire and 
possess, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. I, 5.) 

(c) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to foreign commerce in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All duties levied by either country on importation of products 
of the other (Art. V) ; except certain silk textiles specified (Art. 
XX). 

(e) Duties or charges levied by either country on exportation of 
any article to the other (Art. V). 

(/) Exceptional prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either 
country against imports, exports, or transit, for reasons noted under 
IV /below (Art. IX). 

(f/) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
and commercial travelers from the other making purchases or book- 
ing orders with or Avithout samples, with special reference to taxes 
and facilities relating thereto. (Art. X.) 

(A) All facilities, privileges, and immunities accorded in terri- 
torial waters of either country to ships of the other charged with 
a regular postal service, whether owned by the State or subsidized 
for that purpose. (Art. XVI.) 

(i) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, and from contributions in lieu of per- 
sonal service. (Art. II.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
'^iprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All charges, imposts, taxes, or contributions of whatever na- 
ture payable in either country by subjects of the other. (Art. I, 7.) 

(h) Any forced loans and military requisitions or contributions 
incumbent on possession or occupation of real property in either 
country. (iVrt. II.) 

(c) All dues for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, light- 
house, quarantine, and similar dues or charges, under whatever name 
and no matter by whom or hoAV levied in territorial waters of either 
country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving, and 
whatever their destination. (Art. XV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Travel and residence in territories of either country, in all 
respects. (Art. I, 1.) 

{b) Exercise of commerce and industry, and traffic in all articles 
of lawful conmierce in either country, personally or by agents, singly 
or associated with foreigners or nationals. (Art. I, 2.) 

(c) Disposal in any manner of all kinds of property lawfully ac- 
quired; including export of property or proceeds thereof, and all 
duties relating thereto. (Art. I, 5.) 



634 ITALY AND JAPAN. 

(d) All rights and privileges concerning administration of justice 
in either country, with special reference to protection of persons and 
property, open access to courts of justice, and emploj^ment of advo- 
cates or others therein. (Art. I, 6.) 

(e) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination ; except under conditions and with legal forms apply- 
ing to citizens of the country. (Art. III.) 

(/) Internal duties on production, fabrication, or consumption, 
whether levied for the State, local authorities, or for corporations in 
either country, must not for any reason bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
native origin. (Art. VII.) 

(g) All articles legally importable into or exportable from either 
country in its own vessels, from whatever place arriving and what- 
ever the destination, may likewise be imported or exported in ships 
of the other, subject to the same duties or charges, and the same 
bounties or drawbacks, as when carried in national ships. (Art. 
XIII.) 

(h) All privileges or facilities in regard to the stationing, loading, 
and unloading of ships in territorial w^aters of either country. (Art. 
XIV.) 

(/) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded b}^ either coun- 
try to vessels in case of damage or shipwreck, so far as duties of 
neutrality permit. (Art. XVIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either nation, with their families, to enter 
an}' territories of the other (Art. I), and (on condition of conform- 
ing to the laws of the country) right to possess or hire and occupy 
liouses, factories, warehouses, shops, and all necessary premises, and 
to lease lands for residential, commercial, and industrial, and other 
lawful uses (Art. I, 4). 

(b) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all contributions 
in lieu of personal service, and from all forced loans and military 
requisitions or contributions; except as noted under II b above. 
(Art. II.) 

(c) Specified import duties to be levied in either country on prod- 
ucts of the other listed in tariffs A and B annexed to the treaty. 
(Art. V.) 

(d) Products of either country passing in transit through ter- 
ritories of the other in accordance with its laws are reciprocally 



ITALY AND JAPAN. 635 

exempt from all transit duties. Avliether passincr direct or unloaded, 
stored and reloaded. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Products of either country imported into territories of the 
other for bonding or transit are exempt from all internal duties. 
(Art. VII.) 

(/) Neither country to obstruct commerce with the other by pro- 
hibitions or restrictions against importation, exportation, or transit, 
except for the following reasons applied to all countries under the 
same conditions: 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. IX, 1.) 

(2) Considerations.of public safety or health. (Art. IX, 2.) 

(3) State monopolies. (Art. IX, 3.) 

(4) Sanitary measures to protect animals or useful plants from 
diseases and from noxious insects or parasites. (Art. IX, 4.) 

(5) Application to imported products of all prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal laws of either country on domestic 
production, sale, or transportation of similar national products. 
(Art. IX, 'o.) 

(g) Temporary duty-free admission by either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to customs regula- 
tions and formalities relating thereto. (Art. X.) 

(A) Stock companies and other commercial industrial or financial 
associations duly established in either country are authorized to 
exercise their rights in the other, with sj^ecial reference to actions 
in courts of justice. (Art. XII.) 

(i) Eight of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting 
trade is reserved for regulation by the laws of each country. (Art. 
XVII.) 

V. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this treaty do not apply to: 

(a) The coasting trade of both countries, which is to be regulated 
b}^ their respective laws. (Art. XVII.) 

(h) The fishing industr}^ in territorial waters of either country, 
with special reference to importation of products of the national 
fisheries, or of fisheries assimilated thereto in this respect. (Art. 
XX, 1.) 

(c) Tariff concessions granted exceptionally to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XX, 2.) 

(d) Encouragements accorded to the national merchant marine. 
(Art. XX, 3.) 



636 ITALY AND LIBERIA. 

Treaty with Liberia. 

No. 357. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation hettceen Italy and 
Liberia. 

SIGNED 23 Oct., 1862, at London. Effective from 6 May, 1863, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 montlis' notice from eitlier party. (Art. 
XII.) 

TEXT : French, Italy Tr. 1 : 146-52 ; B. F. S. P. 65 : 983-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting any favor, privileges, or im- 
munity which either country may grant in matters of commerce and 
navigation to subjects of any other State. (Art. IX.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Eight of citizens of either country to enter all ports, places, 
and rivers open to foreign commerce in the other, and all other 
rights or privileges conceded to foreigners in either country. (Arts. 
II and XIII.) 

{h) Duties imposed by either country on merchandise imported 
from the other in vessels of any nationality, or imported in ships of 
the other from any source. (Art. IV.) 

{c) All favors or privileges concerning exportation of products 
of either country by subjects or in ships of the other. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Protection and privileges accorded by either country to con- 
sular officers Avith regard to their persons and official duties. 
(Art. X.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) Possession, disposal, and transmission of, or succession to, 
personal property of every description, by will or otherwise, and all 
taxes or imports relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

{!}) All tonnage dues, and all other duties, charges, or taxes of 
any kind imposed by either country on ships of the other, or on mer- 
chandise imported or exported therein; except special privileges 
which either country may accord to its own flag with regard to im- 
portation of salt and of products of the national fisheries. (Art. 

in.) 

{c) Protection and assistance to be accorded by either country to 
ships of the other, and their officers, passengers, and crews; with 
special reference to protection of vessels from pillage, and assistance 
to vessels seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. (Art. VI.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Right of subjects of either country to reside and trade through- 
out the territories of the other, with complete protection for persons 
and property, and without being hampered or restricted by any 



ITALY AND MEXTC^O. 637 

monopoly, contract, or exclusive privilege of purchase or sale. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Merchandise cominf^ from Itah^ in vessels of any nationality, 
or coming from any place in Italian vessels, shall not he prohihited 
from importation into Liberia. (Art. lY.) 

(c) In case the Liberian Government should undertake to trade in 
certain articles for revenue purposes, private merchants may con- 
tinue to import such articles without paying duties greater than the 
difference between cost price and the price fixed by the Liberian 
Government for sale of these articles. And in case the Government 
fixes the price of any Liberian products, any merchants in Liberia 
may, on paying the taxes, present such products to the treasury at 
the Government price. (Art. V.) 

(d) Freedom of conscience in religious matters is reciprocally 
pledged by either country to subjects of the other. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Provisions concerning prohibition of Negro slave trade (Art. 
VIII), and consular intervention for recovery of seamen deserters 
(Art. XI). 

(/) Each country reserves the right to impose restrictions by law 
on vessels of the other engaging in commercial transactions at ports 
to be designated. (Art. XIII.) ^ 

Treaty with Mexico. 

Xo. 358. 

Treaty of friendsMp^ commerce^ and. navigation hetween Italy and 
Mexico. 

SIGNED 16 Apr., 1890, at Mexico. Effective from 23 July, 1891, for 10 years, 
•and thereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
XXVIII. ) 

TEXT: Italian. Italy Tr. 1911, I: 594-604; Spanish. Mexico Tr. \i^. 2:8-22; 
English (transl.). B. F. S. P. 82:698-706. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any privilege, favor, or immunity which either country 
may grant to the citizens of any other State in all matters relating 
to commerce and navigation. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to payment of duties, whether 
general, municipal, or local. (Art. III.) 

{h) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
merchandise to the other. (Art. III.) 



638 ITALY AND MEXICO. 

(c) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
against the other regarding importation, exportation, reexportation, 
or transit, except in the following cases : 

( 1 ) Restrictions applied from sanitary motives. 

(2) Measures to prevent spread of epizootic diseases among cat- 
tle or destruction of crops. 

(3) Prohibitions or restrictions on account of war. aUitwy 

(4) Transit of articles prohibited by special legislation in either 
country. 

(5) Special authorizations which either party may require for 
transit of arms and munitions of war. (Art. III.) 

(d) All that relates to local dues, customs, formalities, brokerage, 
patterns, or samples introduced b}^ commercial travelers, and all 
other matters connected with trade. (Art. III.) 

(e) Eight to enter any ports, rivers, cities, and other places open 
to foreign subjects or vessels in either country or its possessions. 
(Art IV.) 

(/) Treatment in either country of literary and artistic property 
of citizens of the other. (Art. TV.) 

(g) All that concerns acquisition or possession of immovable 
property in either country. (Art. VIII.) 

(A) Application of laws of either country to resident citizens of 
the other, with special reference to laws determining rights and 
obligations of foreigners. (Art. VIII.) 

{i) All privileges, favors, and immunities which either country 
may concede to diplomatic agents. (Art. XII.) 

(j) Application of stipulated limit of territorial jurisdiction (20 
kilometers from line of lowest tide) to vessels of either country on 
coasts of the other. (Art. XIII.) 

{h) All privileges, favors, or advantages concerning local treat- 
ment of vessels of either country in ports or waters of the other, 
such as stationing, loading, and unloading of ships, and formalities 
or arrangements affecting merchant vessels and their crews or car- 
goes ; also all taxes or charges of whatever kind, with special refer- 
ence to dues for tonnage, port, lighthouse, pilotage, quarantine, and 
any other charges affecting the hull of the ship. (Art XIV.) 

(?) Any duties payable by vessels of either country loading or un- 
loading foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage, but coasting trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XVI.) 

(m) Ports of either country where warships of the other may 
enter and refit, and all regulations, honors, advantages, privileges, 
and exemptions relating thereto. (Art. XXI.) 

(n) All privileges, immunities, and favors accorded to mail boats 
of either country charged w^ith a postal service, including mail boats 
of companies subsidized by either party. (Art. XXII.) 



ITALY AND MEXICO. 639 

(o) Rights, privileges, and liberties of Mexican citizens in the 
colonies and possessions of Italy, in matters of trade and navigation. 
(Art. XXIII.) 

(p) All rights, privileges, and immunities conceded by either coun- 
try to consular officers, until conclusion of a consular convention be- 
tween the two countries. (Art. XXIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (at claimant's 
option) is reciprocally pledged regarding any charges or taxes im- 
posed by either country on real and personal property of citizens of 
the otheV (Art. IX.) 

IIL National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Protection and security of persons and property of citizens of 
either country traveling or residing in any part of the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

(b) Right of citizens of either country to exercise their trade or 
profession in the other; to carry on business by wholesale or retail; 
to rent or acquire houses, warehouses, and other establishments or 
grounds, and to manage their affairs in person or otherwise ; without 
paying other or higher dues, taxes, charges, contributions, duties, or 
imposts of any kind than native citizens pay. (Art. IV.) 

(c) All rights concerning patents for inventions, labels, trade- 
marks, and designs in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Exemption in either country of dwellings and other premises 
from domiciliary visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts 
from inspection or examination, except under conditions and with 
the legal forms prescribed by law for natives of the country. 
(Art. V.) 

(e) All rights, privileges, and conditions concerning protection in 
either country of persons and property of citizens of the other, in- 
cluding access to courts of justice and employment of advocates or 
others therein. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Right of citizens of either country to acquire, possess, and 
transmit personal property in the other, by will or otherwise in 
any manner, and all succession or other duties relating thereto. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(g) Legal forms and procedure to be applied in either country to 
citizens of the other taking possession of inherited property of any 
kind, real or personal. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) Any requisitions, forced loans, or contributions imposed by 
either country on landed property for military purposes. (Art. IX.) 

(i) Any charges or imposts levied by either country on property of 
any kind belonging to citizens of the other, in case of war between 
the two countries. (Art. XI.) 



640 ITALY AND MEXICO. 

(j) Salvage or other expenses payable by vessels of either country 
stranded or wrecked on coasts of the other, and duties payable on 
salvaged merchandise cleared for consumption. (Art. XIX.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Complete protection of persons and property of citizens of 
either country in the other. (Art. VI.) 

(b) Judicial assistance is assured by either country to indigent 
citizens of the other, subject to the laws of the countr^^ in Avhich the 
assistance is claimed. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
personal military service by land or sea, and from all requisitions, 
contributions, or forced loans, except those levied on landed prop- 
erty. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Freedom of conscience and religion in either country for citi- 
zens of the other, subject to constitution and laws of the land. 
(Art. X.) 

(e) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either 
may continue their commerce or other occupation in the other without 
interruption so long as they observe the laws. In case their conduct 
necessitates expulsion from the country, sufficient time shall be al- 
lowed them to wind up their affairs; their property of all kinds to 
be exempt from embargo, sequestration, or confiscation. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Neither country to be responsible for damages or exactions 
suffered by citizens of the other during insurrections or civil war 
from insurgents or wild hordes not under control of the Government, 
except in case of fault or neglect on the part of authorities concerned. 
(Art. XII.) 

{(/) Policing of ports, loading, and unloading of ships and cus- 
tody of merchandise and effects to be subject to laws of each country. 
(Art. XIII.) 

(/i) Navigation, tonnage, and other dues imposed on the hull of 
the ship in ports of either country shall be levied according to the 
register of the vessel. (Art. XV.) 

(^) Assistance to be given to vessels of either country seeking 
refuge in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

(j) Nationality of merchant vessels under flag of either country 
to be recognized by the other if carrying ship's papers required by 
law. (Art. XX.) 

(k) Declaration of change of flag is required in case of transfer 
of vessels of either country to nationality of the other, unless sold by 
judicial order. (Art. XXII.) 

(l) Whenever engagements of Italian emigrants are made for serv- 
ice in Mexico, by its authority or in virtue of concessions given by it, 
the Mexican Government undertakes to see that the proposed con- 



ITALY AND NETHERLANDS. 641 

tracts are equitable and scrupulously carried out; and that the trans- 
portation, landing, and settling of said emigrants is carried out ac- 
cording to the principles of humanity, safety, and hygiene; also to 
afford these emigrants the greatest protection against fraud or abuse. 
(Art. XXV.) 

{7ti) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty and statement of procedure relating thereto. (Art. 
XXVII.) 

V. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to the 
coasting trade, nor to matters concerning the fishing industry of 
either country, which are reserved for regulation by the laws of each 
country. (Arts. XVI, XVII.) 

VI. Application to colonies. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty apply to foreign possessions or 
colonies of Italy on whose behalf notice to that effect is given to 
Mexico at any time during the life of this treaty. (Art. XXVI.) 

(h) Mexican citizens are assured most-favored-nation rights, 
privileges, and liberties in the colonies and possessions of Italy in 
matters of trade and navigation. (Art. XXIII.) 

(c) Inhabitants of the colonies and possessions of Italy have in 
Mexico the same rights, privileges, and liberties in matters of trade 
and navigation as are conceded by this treaty to Italians, their .com- 
merce, and their vessels. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Montenegro. 
Xo. 359. 

Notes to establish a provisional commercial agreement hetioeen Italy 
and Montenegro. 

SIGNED 21/22 Dec, 1908, at (Vtinje. Prolonged by notes of 10-11 .Tune, 
1904, for successive i^eriods of six months, until terminated by notice from 
either party one month before expiration of anv such period. 

TEXT : French, Italy Tr. 17 : 279-80. 334-.5 ; B. F. S. P. 98 : 772-4. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged by Montenegro to Ital- 
ian products; with special reference to application of the new 
Montenegrin minimum tariff to products of Italy, and of the Italian 
conventional tariff in favor of Montenegro. 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 
]Vo. 360. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetioeen Italy and the Nether- 
lands. 

SIGNED 24 Nov., 1868, at Turin. Duration indefinite. Terminable on 12 
months' notice from either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT: French, Italy Tr. 1 : .346-9 : B. F. S. P. 57:322^. 

L Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) regarding personal status of each other's 



642 ITALY AND NICAKAGUA. 

subjects in either country, in all matters except those in which na- 
tional treatment is reciprocally pledged by Article I of this treaty, 
as noted below under II a. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Treatment in either country of products of the other, from 
whatever place arriving, and of any merchandise imported from the 
other (without distinction of origin) ; with special reference to pay- 
ment of duties, under whatever name. (Art. II.) 

(6) All matters relating to transit and exportation. (Art. II.) 

(c) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers in either country. (Art. V.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject to excep- 
tions noted below) in regard to : 

{a) All matters concerning exercise of commerce, industry, and 
professions; payment of taxes; exercise of religion; and right to 
acquire and dispose of, or succeed to, movable or immovable prop- 
erty of all kinds, by will or otherwise. (Art. I.) 

{h) Treatment in either country of ships of the other and their 
cargoes, in all respects and in all circumstances. (Art. III.) 

III. Other provisions relate to arrest and return of seamen de- 
serters by consular officers. (Art. VI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The most-favored-nation and national treatment 
provisions of this treaty apply to Italian subjects, products, merchan- 
dise, and vessels in the Netherland colonies, except with regard to 
advantages accorded to Asiatic nations of the Eastern Archipelago. 
(Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Nicaragua. 

No. 361. 

Treaty of friendshiq)^ commerce^ and n-avigation hetioeen Italy and 
Nicaragua. 

SIGNED 25 Jan., 1906, at Managua. Ratifications exolianged 28 Sept., 1906, 
at Paris. Effective from exchange of ratifications for 10 years, and thereafter 
termmable on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXVII.) 

TEXT: Italian, Italy Tr. 1911, 1:616-26; Martens 8-5:268-77; Spanish, 
Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913:109-27; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 100:1117-26. 

I. Most-favt)red-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) in respect of all rights, 
privileges, concessions, liberties, favors, immunities, and exemptions 
in matters of commerce and navigation, and all contributions or taxes 
relating thereto. (Arts. I, XXV.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to the following matters : 

{a) Treatment of warships of either nation in ports of the other. 
(Art. I.) 



ITALY AND NICARAGI'A. 648 

(h) All articles which may be kirally imported into, or exported 
from, either country in any foreign vessels may likewise be imported 
or exported in Italian or Nicaragiian vessels, from whatever place 
arriving and for any destination, without paying other or higher 
duties, and subject to the same immunities, bonuses, and drawbacks 
as when carried in ships of the most-favored nation: this complete 
equality of treatment to apply also v/ith reference to transit of any 
merchandise through either of the contracting countries. (Art. VI.) 

(c) All duties levied by either country on importation or exporta- 
tion of products of the other, including additional governmental and 
municipal imposts of w^hatever kind. (Ibid.) 

(d) All that relates to berthing, loading, or unloading of vessels 
in either country in ports, bays, and waters of the other, and all 
regulations affecting merchant vessels and their crews or cargoes. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(e) Assistance to be given by either country to indigent citizens 
of the other, according to their respective laws. (Art. XXIII.) 

(/) All rights, prerogatives, and immunities accorded by either 
country to consular officers. (Art. XXIV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all duties, contributions, or taxes and all priialeges, im- 
munities, and other favors relating to commerce and industry in 
either country. (Art. II.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country to travel and reside in the 
other and to exercise industry and commerce therein by wholesale 
or retail, with special reference to transportation of merchandise 
and money and receiving merchandise on deposit from any source. 
(Art. 11.)^ 

(b) Right of citizens of either country to conduct all kinds of 
business in the other and present declarations at the customhouse, 
personally or by agents, and to fix prices of merchandise and objects 
of any kind, in accordance with laws and regulations of the country. 
(Art." II.) 

(c) Constant protection and security of persons, properties; and 
interests of citizens of either country in the other and all privileges 
or conditions relating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(d) All dues for tonnage, port, lighthouse, quarantine, and other 
dues of whatever kind imposed on merchant vessels of either nation 
in ports of the other, from whatever place arriving and whatever 
their destination. (Art, VIII.) 

(e) Assistance from local authorities in either country to citizens 
and vessels of the other in case of damage or shipwreck. (Art. IX.) 

54083—22 42 



644 ITALY AND NICARAGUA. 

(/) Exercise of civil rights in either country by citizens of the 
other, with sjDecial reference to possession and disposal of, or suc- 
cession to, property of all kinds, real or personal, by will or other- 
wise; and all taxes or dues relating thereto. (Art. XIII.) 

(g) Citizens of either country to enjoy in the other all rights ac- 
corded by its laws in regard to ownership of inventions and indus- 
trial discoveries, designs, models, trade-marks, or literary and artistic 
works. (Art. XVIII.) 

(A) All rights and privileges concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice and judicial procedure, including free judicial assistance in either 
country to indigent citizens of the other. (Art. XIX.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from compulsory military 
service by land or sea and from all war contributions, requisitions, 
or special forced loans. (Art. III.) 

(h) When contracts of service are made with Italian immigrants 
under conditions stated, Nicaragua undertakes to see that such con- 
tracts are strictly complied with ; and agrees to punish in accordance 
with the laws an}^ abuse or deception committed to the prejudice of 
the immigrants. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Exemption of each other's citizens, their ships and other prop- 
erty from sequestration, embargo, or detention for military expedi- 
tions, or for any public use. (Art. V.) 

(d) Restoration of ships, merchandise, and effects seized by pirates 
and found in ports or waters of either country. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Nationality of merchant vessels of either country to be deter- 
mined by papers required by its national laws. (Art. XII.) 

(/) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning privileges, func- 
tions, and duties of consular officers of either coimtry with regard to 
e-states and) effects left by their deceased nationals in the other. 
(Arts. XIV-XVII.) 

(f/) Dietailed provisions concerning validity in both countries of 
judgments in civil and commercial cases, and of notarial acts, on con- 
dition of conforming to the procedure described. (Arts. XX- 

xxn.) 

(k) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or viola- 
tion of this treaty. (Art. XXVI.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) Matters relating to the coasting trade and fisheries are re- 
served for regulation by the laws of each country. (Art. VII.) 

(h) Most-favored-nation stipulations of Article VI (noted under 
I b-c above) do not apply to privileges which Nicaragua may accord 
to other Central American States. (Art. VI.) 



ITALY AND PARAGUAY. 645 

Treaty with Norway. 

See Sweden and Norway. No. 371. 

Treaty with Panama. 

See No. 248. 

Treaty with Paraguay. 
No. 362. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and iiavigation between Italy and 
Paraguay, 

SIGNED 22 Aug., 1S93, at Asuncion. Effective from 14 Juue, 1894, for fuur 
years, and tliereafter terminable on 12 months' not'ce by either party. (Art. 
24.) 

TENT : Italian, Italy Tr. 13 : 275-86 ; Martens, 72 : 507-13. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights, privileges, liberties, favors, conces- 
sions, immunities, and exemptions relating to commerce and naviga- 
tion (Art. 1), or to any other object contemplated in this treaty. 
(Art. 21.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to the following matters: 

(a) Free and secure access with ships and cargoes to all places, 
ports, and rivers open to foreign commerce in either country, with 
special reference to navigation of the rivers Paraguay and Parana 
by Italian vessels. (Art. 1.) 

(t) Whatever articles of commerce may be lawfully imported 
into or exported from either country in vessels of an^^ foreign State, 
may likewise be imported or exported in vessels of either contracting 
country, from whatever place arriving and for any destination, with- 
out paying other or higher duties and subject to the same exemptions, 
bounties, and drawbacks as when carried in ships of the most- 
favored-nation. This complete equality of treatment to apply also 
with reference to transit of any merchandise through either of the 
contracting countries. (Art. 6.) 

(c) Eight of citizens of either country to engage in the coasting 
trade of the other, and all duties relating thereto. (Art. 8.) 

{d) All dues for tonnage, port, light, pilotage, quarantine, and 
an}^ other dues or charges whatever, imposed in ports of either 
country on merchant ships of the other, whether by the government, 
public officials, communes, corporations, or any other establishment. 
(Art. 9.) 

{e) Assistance and treatment in either country of indigent citizens 
of the other, in accordance with the laws of each country. (Art. 20. j 

(/) All rights, prerogatives, and immunities accorded by either 
country to consular officers. (Art. 22.) 



646 ITALY AIS^D PARAGUAY, 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
reciprocally pledged with reference to militarj^ contributions or 
requisitions incumbent on possession of landed property in either 
country. (Art. 3.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) All priYileges, immunities, or other favors in matters of com- 
merce and industry, and all taxes, duties, imposts, contributions, or 
restrictions relating thereto in either country. (Art. 2.) 

(o) Right of citizens of either country to travel and reside in the 
other; to engage in commerce by wholesale or retail; to hire and 
occupy houses, warehouses, and shops, and conduct any lawful busi- 
ness in person or otherwise; with special reference to customs dec- 
larations and receiving consignments of merchandise, domestic or 
foreign (Art. 2.) , i^^^^fij^g^j^ iioitKfi4wo7i^l-l80i- . . 

(c) All rights and privileges concerning protection and security 
of each other's citizens in either country, as regards their persons, 
property, and interests. (Art. 3.) 

(d) Assistance to be given by either country to ships of the other 
seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. (Art. 10.) 

(e) Exercise of civil rights in either country, with special refer- 
ence to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, all 
kinds of property in any manner whatever, and all taxes or imposts 
relating thereto. (Art. 11.) 

(/) Protection of each other's citizens in all that concerns their 
rights of industrial property, such as patents, designs, and trade- 
marks. (Art. 25.) 

(g) Access to courts of justice in either country, and right to em- 
ploy advocates or others therein; with special reference to any con- 
ditions, restrictions or taxes relating thereto, and free judicial as- 
sistance in proper cases. (Art. 16.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Paraguay undertakes to see that contracts with Italian emi- 
grants enrolled for service in Paraguay are equitable, and are 
scrupulously carried out, and that the transportation and settlement 
of these immigrants are conducted according to principles of hu- 
manity, health, and safety ; also to help them secure suitable indem- 
nification for injuries suffered through deception or fraud. (Art. 4.) 

(b) Exemption of each other's citizens and their ships, property, 
and effects from sequestration, embargo, or detention for military 
expeditions, or for an}^ public purpose whatever. (Art. 5.) 

(c) Neither country to grant any domestic monopoly or privilege 
to the injury of the commerce, navigation, or citizens of the other; 
except government monopolies or privileges in either country, and 
except patents for inventions, trade-marks, industrial designs or 
models, and special privileges or subventions which either nation 



ITALY AXD PEFuSlA. 647 

may consider expedient to grant to certain shipping lines for speci- 
fied ends or purjwses. (Art. T.) ^; 
{(/) Notarial Acts duly executed in eitlier country to be equally 
valid in the otlier. upon conforming to procedure described. 

(■^^■^^■) ... . . ' . ja-. ,; 

(e) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or" violation 

of this treaty. (Art. 23.) 

Treaty with Persia. 

No. 363. 

Treaty of friendslxip, commerce^ and navigation hetu'een Italy and- 
Persia. 

SIGNED 24/29 Sept., 1862, at Teheran. Effective from 15 Dec, 1862, for 
12 years, and thereafter imtilterminated by 1 years notice from either party. 
(Art. YIII.) 

TEXT: French. Italy Tr. 1911, II : 657-61 r':^VF. S. F.'^5f: 318-22 ; Persi;m, 
Persia Tr. 1908:92-9. ... -. ..:.,,.,. k.. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

(a) Eeception and treatment by either country of ambassadors or 
ministers from the other and all prerogatives or immunities relating 
thereto. (Art. 11.) m, Mh 

(h) Treatment by either country of resident nationals of the otK'ter 
in all respects, with special reference to protection of travelers, mer- 
chants, and manufacturers. (Art. III.) 

(c) All duties imposed by either country on merchandise imported 
or exported by subjects of the other. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Judicial procedure to be applied in either country to subjects 
of the other in matters of criminal jurisdiction, and to be applied 
in Italv for settlement of any disputes involving Persian subjects. 
(Art. V.) 

(e) Privileges and immunities of consular officers of either coun- 
try at their places of residence in the other. (Art. VII and addl. 
Aii:. Ill, attached.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to import or es port any 
merchandise into or from the other, by land or sea, and to buy, sell,, 
exchange, or transport the same throughout the territories of either 
nation, subject in matters of internal commerce to the laws of the 
country. (Art. III.) 

(b) Jurisdiction of disputes arising in Persia between Italiart 
subjects is vested in Italian consular authorities exclusively; disputes 
between Italians and Persians to be judged by a Persian tribunal in 
presence of an Italian consular representative ; disputes between 



648 ITALY AND PERU. 

Italians and other foreigners to be settled by their respective author- 
ities. (Art. V.) 

(c) Consular administration in either country of property left by 
deceased subjects of the other. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Right of either country to appoint three consuls in the other, 
to reside at places named. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Peru. 
No. 364. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and navigation between Italy and 
Peru. 

SIGNED 23 Dec, 1874, at Lima. Effective from 7 Nov., 1878, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by eitlier party. (Art. 21.) 

TEXT : Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 14 ; Italian, Italy Tr. 6 : 609-19 ; 
Martens 56:660-5; English (transL), B. F. S. P. 65:649-55. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting any particular favors or concessions accorded 
by either country in matters of commerce or navigation, or relating 
to any other objects named in this treaty (Art. 20) ; with special 
reference to treatment of war ships of either country in ports of 
the other (Art. 2). 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Access with ships and cargoes to either country; except the 
coasting trade, which each country reserves for its own regulation. 
(Art. II.) 

{h) Right of citizens of either country to exercise every kind of 
calling and lawful commerce in the other, personally or otherwise ; 
and payment of any charges, taxes, or imposts relating thereto. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Protection of each other's citizens as regards their persons 
and property. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Eight to import, export, or reexport any articles of lawful 
commerce in vessels of either nation, and all duties, exemptions, 
bounties, premiums, or allowances relating thereto. (Art. V.) 

(e) Assistance from local authorities in either country to citizens 
and vessels of the other seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(/) Security and protection of private property of each other's 
citizens in case of war between the two countries. (Art. XI.) 

(^) Civil rights in either country, with special reference to acqui- 
sition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, property of any 
kind, by will or otherwise ; and all imposts or taxes on inheritance of 
property in either country. (Art. XVI.) 



ITALY AND PORTUGAL. 649 

(/?) Treatment of each other's citizens respecting access to courts 
of justice and judicial procedure in either country, and all condi- 
tions, restrictions, or charges relating thereto. (Art. XVII.) 

(i) Sentences and ordinances in civil and commercial matters 
passed by tribunals of either country, and notarial acts of any kind, 
to have the same force in the other country as those of its own tri- 
bunals or notaries, on condition of conforming to the procedure de- 
scribed. (Arts. XVIII, XIX.) 

(/) Liabilities of Italian fishermen and bargemen in ports, road- 
steads, creeks, rivers, or other places in Peru; except service in the 
Peruvian army. (Addl. article.) 

Treaty with Portugal. 

No. 365. 

Notes recording a commercial modus vivendi hetiveen Italy and 
Portugal. 

SIGNED 9 May, 1911. at Lisbon. Effective until conclusion of a final con- 
vention. Terminable on three months' notice bv either party. 

TEXT: Italian. Boll. Leg. Dog. 29: 829; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 105: 

675-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) in all matters 
concerning importation, import duties, exportations, export duties, 
reexportation, reexport duties, customs operations, warehousing, 
transshipment of goods, drawbacks, and exercise of commerce and 
navigation in general, with special reference to importation of Mar- 
sala wine and vermouths from Italy, and importation of Port and 
Madeira from Portugal. 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Italian wines in Portugal and Portuguese wines in Italy are 
subject, respectively, as regards importation, to the highest duties in 
force in each country (except Marsala and vermouths from Italy, 
and Port and Madeira from Portugal, as noted above). 

{h) Portugal undertakes to prohibit the importation, distribution, 
exhibition, and sale in Portugal of any wine whatever with the des- 
ignation " Marsala '' or any similar name, unless shown by cer- 
tificate of origin to be a product of Sicily or adjacent islands; and 
reciprocally, Italy engages to give similar protection in Italy to the 
designations " Port " and " Madeira." In cases of contravention, 
the respective goods to be confiscated in either country in accordance 
with its laws. 

III. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this agreement do not apply to : 
{a) Special advantages which Portugal may grant to Spain or 

Brazil. 



1 



650 ITALY AND RUMANIA. 

{h) Special advantages which either country may grant exclu- 
sively to bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. 

(e) Imports from Italy into Portuguese colonies, and imports 
from Portugal and the adjacent islands into Italian colonies. 

{(l) Imports between Portuguese colonies and Italian colonies, 
and vice versa. 

IV. Application to colonies. — The most-favored-nation provisions 
of this agreement are applicable to the adjacent islands of Portu- 
gal (Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Azores). Products of colonies 
of either countr}^ imported into the other are treated, for purposes 
of importation, like products of the mother country; but importa- 
tions from either country or its colonies into colonies of the other 
are excluded from this agreement, as noted above under III c-d. 

Treaty with Romania. 
No. ^Qe>. 

Treaty of commerce^ customs^ and navigation Ijetween Italy and 
R 11 may} la. 

SKJNEI") 5 Dec, 1906, at Bucliarcst. lUititieatioiw exvhwu-^eCi tliere 1 Apr., 
1907. Effective until 31 Dec, 1917. and thereafter iniril terminated by 12 
mouths' notice from either party.'' (Art, XIX.) 

TEXT: Italy Tr. 1911, 1:688-704; French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 379-389. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) respecting any favor, privilege, or im.munity which either 
country may accord to any third power in matters relating to exer- 
cise of commerce, navigation, and industry; such as duties (an?c?unt. 
guaranty, and collection) on importation and exportation, and 
matters relating to transit, reexportation, warehon:-ing, local dues, 
customs formalities, and transshipment oi merchandise. (Art. VI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) All rights concerning acquisition, possession, or alienation 
of real or personal property of any kind in either country. (Art, 

{h) Application of specified exceptional prohibitii is which either 
country may impose against iiv.portation, exportation, or transit 
(Art. V) ; as loted below under IV d. 

{c) Treatment of products of either country imported into tho 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit ; with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. 
VII.) 

(d) Any favor accorded by either country with regard to exporta- 
tion, with special reference to export duties imposed by either 
country on exportation of any objects to the other. (Art. VIII.) 

" Terminated. See Appendix. 



ITALY AND KUMANIA. 651 

(e) Any faA'or Avhicli either coiinti'y nia}^ concede with regard 
to rights and privik^ges of commercial, industrial, or financial com- 
panies, on condition of reciprocity. (Exchange of notes attached.^ ''^•) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, privileges, 
exemptions, immunities, and other favors which either coiintr}^ may 
grant in matters of commerce and industry; except as noted beloAv 
under V h, and subject to special knvs and reguhitions applying to 
all foreigners in either country in matters of police, public safety, 
and encouragement of national industry. (Art. I.) 

National or most- favored-nation treatment (optional) is further 
pledged in regard to : 

(a) All duties, taxes, imposts, or licenses concerning exercise of 
commerce and industry in either country (Art. I) ; except as noted 
below under V h. 

(h) Exceptional charges and military contributions or requisi- 
tions incumbent on possession of landed propertv in either country. 
(Art. III.) 

{(') Any special tax payable in either country by merchants, 
manufacturers, or commercial travelers from the other. (Art. lY.) 

(d) Internal duties levied in either country on production or 
consumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or cor- 
}>orations. Such duties jnust not bear more heavity on imported 
products of the other country than on similar articles of domestic 
or other foreign production. (Art. X.) 

(e) Treatment by. either country of vessels of the other and 
their cargoes, in all respects, from Avhatever place arriving and 
whatever their destination, and whatever the place of origin or 
destination of the cargoes (Art. XI and final protocol) ; except: 

(1) Advantages which either country may accord to its national 
fisheries. (Ibid., 1.) 

(2) The coasting trade of either country, which is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. (Ibid., 2.) 

(/) All privileges, favors, or advantages -relating to stationing, 
loading, or unloading of vessels in the ports, roadsteads, harbors, or 
basins of either countr}^, including any formalities and arrangements 
affecting merchant vessels and their crews or cargoes. (Art. XIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Payment of taxes, imposts, or charges of whatever kind re- 
lating to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, 
propert}^ in either country: including duties on export of proceeds 
of property sold. (Art. II.) 

3''C English, B. F. S. P. 101 : :-;K9-90. 



652 ITALY AND RUMANlA^ 

(b) Any obligations, restrictions, imposts, or taxes imposed by 
either country on citizens of the other with regard to their persons 
or their property of any kind. (Art. III.) 

(c) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs or 
markets in the other, to exercise their commerce or sell their products, 
and payment of taxes relating thereto. (Art. lY.) 

(d) All duties, taxes, or charges affecting the hull of the ship or 
its flag or cargo, imposed in ports of either country on ships of the 
other under whatever name, and no matter by whom or how levied. 
(Art, XII and final protocol.) 

(e) Any dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other on cargo not discharged at that port. (Art. XIV.) 

(/) All favors and immunities granted by laws of either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes; with special 
reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military services by land or sea, from all military requisi- 
tions or contributions, forced loans, and other charges occasioned by 
exigencies of war or other exceptional circumstances, and from obli- 
gation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal offices; except 
as noted under V a below. (Art. III.) 

(b) Merchants, manufacturers, and comnlercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a legitima- 
tion certificate in the form prescribed. (Art. IV and annex.) 

(c) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties in either country, subject to customs regulations re- 
lating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public security. 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, noxious insects, and parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws pro- 
hibiting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation of 
similar articles of national production. (Art. V.) 

(e) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty, when imported into the other, shall not pay 
other or higher duties than those specified in these tariffs. (Art. VII 
and final protocol.) 



ITALY AND SALVADOR. 653 

(/) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
exempt in the other from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded, (Art. IX.) 

(g) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. X.) 

(h) Eight of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. But coast- 
ing trade is excepted. (Art. XI.) 

(i) Exemption of vessels from all tonnage and clearance duties 
(except sanitary dues) in either country, under conditions stated. 
(Art. XV.) 

( j) Merchandise salvaged in either country from ships of the other 
is exempt from all customs duties, unless released for domestic con- 
sumption. (Art. XVI.) 

(k) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ship's papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. XVII.) 

(l) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this treaty, and of questions concerning exercise of commerce 
between the two countries. Statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XVIII and final protocol.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The exemption from military requisitions and charges noted 
under IV a above does not include exemption from charges and mili- 
tary contributions incumbent on possession of landed property in 
either country. (Art. III.) 

(h) The provisions of this treaty concerning exercise of commerce 
and industry in either country do not apply to the itinerant indus- 
tries, such as peddling, or soliciting orders from persons not engaged 
in commerce or industry. (Art. IV.) 

(c) The most- favored-nation treatment noted above under I does 
not apply td favors which either country may accord to contiguous 
States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. VI.) 

Treaty with Salvador. 

No. 367. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^^ and .navigation heticeen Italy and 
Salvador. .: ■ ,. . . . 

SIGNED 27 Oct., 1860, at Turin. Effective from 14 Apr., 1861, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. 
XXXIII.) Terminated 9 May. 1871, but revived by exchange of notes of 9 and 
17 .Jan., 1911. (Salvador Pact. Int. 2 : 109-11. ) 

TEXT: Italian, Italy Tr. 1911. 1:730-41; French B. F. S. P. 61:1031-43; 
Spanish, Salvador Pact. Int. 2 : 96-111. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting all rights, liberties, privi- 



654 ITALY AND SALVADOK. 

leges, exemptions, or immunities granted by either country to diplo- 
matic and consular agents, or to citizens, vessels, and merchandise ; 
except privileges in matters of commerce which Salvador. may grant 
to Spain or to Spanish-American countries. (Arts. XI and XXXI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

(a) Duties imposed by either countr}^ on importation of products 
of the other, or on exports to the other. (Art. XI.) 

(h) An}^ formalities required by either country regarding certifi- 
cates of origin of imported merchandise. (Art. XI.) 

(c) Right to enter with ships and cargoes all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreigners in either country. (Art. II.) 

(d) Any restrictions concerning appointment of consular officers, 
and all privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to them by 
either country. (Arts. XXII, XXIII.) 

{e) Any favors accorded by either country in respect to its coast- 
ing trade. (Art II.) 

. (/) Treatment of war ships of either country in ports of the other, 
and all advantages relating thereto. (Art XVII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocalty pledged in general terms respecting all charges, taxes, or 
imposts on real or personal property (Art. V), or impp^p^ Qn at- 
tornej^s, brokers, agents, etc., in either countr}^ (Art. lTl\.,^f\y ^. 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to travel and reside in the 
other; to engage in lawful commerce in any capacity by wholesale or 
retail, in person or otherwise; to rent and possess stores and shops; 
to transport merchandise or mone}^; and to receive consignments, 
domestic or foreign. Also all contributions, imposts, or obligations 
of whatever kind, general or local, relating to any of these; subject 
always to observing the laws of the country. (Art. III.) 

(Jj) All rights, privileges, or conditions concerning protection of 
persons and property in either country, Avith special reference to 
judicial proced re and access to courts of justice in person or other- 
wise. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Right of citizens of either country to own property of all kinds 
in the other, real or personal, and to dispose of the same, or succeed 
thereto, in any manner, by Avill or otherwise, with special reference 
to possession and disposal of inherited property in either country, 
and payment of any duties relating thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) All tonnage, lighthouse, port, pilotage, quarantine, or other 
dues affecting the hull of the ship, payable by vessels of either 
country on entering or leaving the ports of the other.. .(Art. ^IJ,)^^ 



ITATA' AXi) ^«ALVADOR. 655 

(e) Any duties payable by vessels of either rouiUry loading or <lis- 
charging foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Any charges or impositions imposed by either country on 
property of any kind, in case of rupture or war between the two 
countries. (Art X.) 

{(/) All guarantees, liberties, and protection with regard to re- 
ligious freedom are reciprocally assured to Catholic subjects in Sal- 
vador and to citizens of Salvador in Italy. (Art. VII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all personal military 
service by land or sea, and from all forced loans and extraordinary 
militar}^ contributions or requisitions of any kind. (Art. V.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from detention and of their 
ships, merchandise, and effects from requisition for military pur- 
poses, or for any public service, without just compensation previously 
guaranteed. (Art. VI.) 

(c) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either 
country may continue their business or occupation in the other with- 
out interruption so long as they commit no offense against the laws. 
In case they decide to leave the country, they shall have from six to 
twelve months to wind up their affairs and dispose of their proper- 
ties, and safe conduct to port (Art. IX.), their property of all kinds 
to be exempt from seizure, sequestration, or confiscation (Art X). 

(d) Commerce between the two countries not to be obstructed by 
uny iDrohibition or restriction against im])ortation or exportation of 
any article whatever. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Vessels of either country damaged or shipwrecked on coasts 
of the other are exempt from navigation dues under conditions de- 
scribed, except specified dues for services rendered. (Ai*t. XIV.) 
Salvaged merchandise is exempt from import duties, unless cleared 
for consumption in the country. (xVrt. XXX.) 

(/) Nationality of merchant vessels to be determined by. papers 
required by national laws. (Art. XV.) aaan bii« J bit 

(g) Exemption of consular archives and papers fi'om seizltre or 
examination by local authorities in either country. (Art. XXIV.) 

(A) Administration by consular officers of estates of their de- 
ceased nationals. (Art. XXVI.) 

(^) Consular jurisdiction with regard to policing of merchant 
ships of either country in ports of the other. (Art. XXVII.) > 

(j) Local authorities to assist consular officers in recovery. -of sea- 
men deserters. (Art. XXVIII.) ;an-'>b 

(k) Detailed provisions concerning recovery of vessels captured 
by pirates (Art. XVI) ; neutrality (Art. XVIII) ; contraband and 



656 ITALY AND SEEB-CEOAT-SLO^^NE STATE. 

blockade (Art. XIX) ; visit and search of vessels (Art. XX) ; and 
conduct of either country when the other is at war with any third 
power (Art. XXI.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State.'" 

No. 368. 

Treaty of coinnierce and navigation hetvoeen Italy and Serbia. 

SIGNED 14 Jan.. 1907, at Belgrade. Ratifications exchanged there 30 
Mar., 1907. Effective until 31 Dec., 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 
12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XY.) 

TEXT : French, Italy Tr. 1911, II : 800-16 ; B. F. S. P. 101 : 401-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any favor, privilege, or immunity which either country 
may accord to any third power in matters relating to exercise of com- 
merce and industry; such as duties (amount, guaranty, and collec- 
tion) on importation and exportation,, and matters relating to tran- 
sit, reexportation, warehousing, local dues, customs formalities, 
transshipment of merchandise, and transportation on railways. 
(Art. V.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Application of specified exceptional prohibitions which either 
country may impose against importation, exportation, or transit 
(Art. Ill), as noted below under TV a. 

(h) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, w^arehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit; with special reference to payment of duties (Art. 
VI) ; including customs surtaxes of any kind (Art. XI). 

{c) Ally favor accorded by either countrj^ with regard to ex- 
portation ; with special reference to export duties imposed by either 
coimtry on exportation of any objects to the other. (Art. VII.) 

{d) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, and financial associations of either country may exercise in. 
the other. (Art. XII.) 

XL National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to: 

{a) Any special tax payable in either country by merchants, man- 
ufacturers, or commercial travelers from the other. (Art. IV.) 

(&) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, in all respects, from whatever place arriving and whatever 
their destination, and whatever the place of origin or destination of 
the cargoes (Art. XIII) ; subject to exceptions and exclusions estab- 

^^'^ See p. 771, note 197. 



ITALY AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 657 

lished by laws and regulations of either country, with special refer- 
<^nce to the fishino' industry (Final protocol). 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pled<?ed in regard to : 

(a) Treatment of citizens of either country making use in the 
other of specified equipments and services established for public use, 
such as roads,canals. locks, ferries, bridges, weighbridges, ports, land- 
ings, signals, cranes, pilotage, warehouses, and facilities for salvag- 
mg vessels or cargoes, whether such services are- administered hj the 
State or b}^ private parties, Avith special reference to conditions or 
taxes relating thereto. No tax to be collected unless the equipment 
or service was actually used, except for lighting and pilotage, which 
are subject to special regulations. (Art. II.) 

(h) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs 
or markets in the other ^ to exercise their commerce or sell their prod- 
ucts, with special reference to payment of taxes relating thereto. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or cor- 
porations. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other countr}^ than on similar articles of domestic 
production. (Art. X and final protocol.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except for 
the following reasons, applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Considerations of public security. 

(3) Objects of State monopoly in either country. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws pro- 
hibiting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation of 
similar articles of national production. 

(5) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, noxious insects, and parasites. 

(6) Stipulations of the convention of 14 Jan., 1907,^^^ concerning 
epizootic diseases, as regards animals, raw animal products, and other 
objects capable of spreading contagion. (Art. III.) 

(h) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a legitima- 
tion certificate in the form prescribed. (Art. IV.) 
■ — — '-k 

1^8 French, Italy Tr. 1911. 11:816-21. 



658 ITALY AND SI AM, 

(c) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties in either country, subject to customs regulations re- 
lating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Products of either country enumerated in tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty, when imported into the other, shall not pay 
other or higher duties than those specified in these tariffs. (Art. 
VI.) 

(e) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
exempt in the other from all transit duties, whether going straight 
through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. IX.) ,/ 

(/) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. X 
and final protocol.) 

({/) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this treaty, and of questions concerning exercise of commerce 
between the two countries. Statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. XIV and final protocol.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) Provisions of this treaty concerning exercise of commerce and 
industry in either country do not apply to itinerant industries, sucli 
as pecldlinp:, or solicitino^ orders from i^ersons not engafred in com- 
merce or industry. (Art. IV.) * 

(h) The most-favored-nation treatment noted above itrider I does 
not apply to favors which either country may accord to contiguous 
States to facilitate frontier traffic, nor to special favors resulting 
from a ( ustoms union. (xVrt. VIII.) 

Treaty with Siam. 

No. 369. 

Treaty of fy^iendshlp, covimerce^ and navigation between Italy and 
Siam. 

SIGNED 3 Oct., 1868, at London. Effective from 1 .Jan., 1871 for 10 years, 
and thereafter subject to revision on 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXVIII.) 

TEXT: Italian. Italy Tr. 3:241-58; English (anthentic)V'B.:il^i j^. P. 60: 

773-83. .,,,..,. ;rj ,;|.,^ 

L Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing all immunities and privileges accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. VI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged by Siam to the 
Italian Government and its subjects respecting free and equal par- 
ticipation in all privileges which Siam my grant to the Government 
or the subjects of any other nation (Art. XXVI) : with special 
reference to the right of Italian subjects to reside at any places open 
to residence of foreiirners in Siam (Art. XI). 



ITALY AND SI AM. 659 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Protection and assistance to be given to subjects of eitlier 
country residing and trading in the other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Appointment of diplomatic agents in either country, who 
shall enjoy all privileges and immunities belonging to them accord- 
ing to the law of nations. (Arts. II- V.) 

(c) Protection by Siamese authorities of Italian subjects profess- 
ing or teaching the Christian religion, so long as they behave peace- 
ably and observe the laws. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Registration of Italian residents in Siam; passports required 
for travel outside residential limits. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Jurisdiction of disputes between Italian subjects in Siam is 
vested in Italian authorities exclusively. Disputes involving sub- 
jects of both countries to be settled by the diplomatic representative, 
or jointly by consuls and Siamese authorities. Criminal cases to be 
judged by authorities of defendant's nation. (Art. IX and explana- 
tory declaration annexed.) 

(/) Right of Italian subjects in Siam to buy, sell, rent, or lease 
lands and plantations, and to buy or build houses within boundaries 
named and under conditions stated, Siam reserving the right to re- 
sume any lands not cultivated or improved within three years from 
date of concession, on restoration of purchase money. (Art. XI.) 

(g) Right of Italian subjects to employ Siamese subjects as serv- 
ants, or in any other capacity, subject to restrictions stated. (Art. 
XII.) 

(h) Import duties in Siam on all articles (except opium) to be .'] 
per cent of market value of the goods, payable in goods or in money, 
at importer's option. Drawback of full amount to be allowed on 
goods reexported. (Art. XX.) 

(^) Siam reserves right to restrict importation and sale of spirit- 
uous liquors, or any dangerous or unwholesome article. Gunpowder, 
firearms, and munitions of all kinds can only be imported on account 
of the Government. (Art. XX.) 

(j) Exports of Siamese products to pay one impost only, under 
whatever name levied, as specified in tariff annexed. (Art. XX.) 

(k) Italian merchants may purchase directly from producers and 
sell directly to purchaser. (Art. XX.) 

(Z) Export of salt, rice, and fish may be prohibited when scarcity 
is apprehended. (Art. XXI.) 

(m) Right of Italian subjects to construct ships in Siam on per- 
mission from Siamese authorities. (Art. XXII.) 

(n) Detailed provisions concerning recovery of fugitives from 

justice (Art. X) ; exemption of Italian ships from requisition for 

public or private service (Art. XIII) ; piracy in Siamese waters 

(Art. XIV) ; assistance to Italian vessels seeking refuge from damage 

54083—22 43 



600 ITALY AND SPAIN. 

or shipwreck (Art. XV) : neutrality and blockade (Art. XVI) ; ton- 
nage dues (Art. XXIV) ; and arbitration of disputes between the 
two countries (Art. XXVII). 

(o) Regulations for conducting Italian commerce in Siam. 
(Annex.) 

(p) Tariffs annexed to the treaty, specifying export and inland 
duties to be levied in Siam on articles named. 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 370. 

Convefitwn of commerce and navigation hetween Italy and Spain. 

SIGNED 30 Mar., 1914, at Madrid. Ratifications exchanged there 13 July, 
1914. Denounced by Spain 31 Dec., 1917, bnt extended from time to time, and 
now terminable on three months' notice by eitlier party. "^ 

TEXT: French, B. P. S. P. 107:947-50; Italian, O. U. 1914, No. 172. 

I, Most-favored-iiation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
regarding all ]:)rivileges, favors, and immunities of whatever kind 
which either country may accord to subjects of any other State; with 
special reference to establishment of each other's nationals, enjoy- 
ment of civil rights, actions in courts of justice, exercise of commerce, 
industry, trades and professions, and payment of taxes relating there- 
to ; also importation, exportation, transit, navigation, and transporta- 
tion. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Lowest tariffs to be applied by either country to importation of 
products of the other (Art. II), except wines other than varieties 
specified below under IV /. 

{h) Duties imposed by either country on exports to the other, and 
any favors regarding exportation from either country. (Art. III.) 

XL National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to in- 
ternal duties on production or consumption, whether levied for the 
State or for local authorities or corporations in either country. These 
must not under any conditions bear more heavily on products of the 
other country than on similar articles of native origin. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Import duties imposed by either country on products of the 
other listed in schedules A and B annexed to this convention must not 
exceed those specified in these schedules. (Art. II.) 

(Z>) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
reciprocally exempt from all transit duties in the other, whether going 
straight through or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. IV.) 



Terminated. S( e Appendix. 



ITALY AKI) SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 661 

(c) Ei^lit of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coast- 
ing trade is excepted. (Art. VII, 1.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) The coasting trade of both countries which is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. (Art. VII, 1.) 

(b) Tariff concessions which either country may accord excep- 
tionally to bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic (Art. VII, 
2) ; with special reference to concessions which Spain may accord to 
Portugal (Art. VII, 5). 

(c) Encouragements which either country may accord to its na- 
tional merchant marine. (Art. VII, 3.) 

(d) Fisheries in territorial waters of either country; also towage, 
salvage, and similar maritime services in ports, roadsteads, and coasts 
of either country. (Art. VII, 4.) 

(e) Concessions resulting from special conventions of either coim- 
try with third powers regarding validity of academic titles. (Art. 
VII, 5.) 

(/) The lowest import duties referred to above under I a can not 
be claimed for wines, except for Italian Marsala, Malvasia, and ver- 
mouth on importation into Spain, and for Spanish Jerez, Tarragona, 
and Malaga imported into Italy. (Art. VI.) 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 371. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Italy and Sioeden and 
Norway. 

SIGNED 14 June, 1862. at Turin. Effective until 14 .Tune, 1872, and tliere- 
after until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XIV.) 

TEXT: French, Italy Tr. 1:103-10; B. F. S. P. 57:313-18; Sweden Tr. 
1910:881-5; Norwegian. Norway Tr. 1914: 86-91. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms regarding all facilities or advantages which either coun- 
try may accord in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. VII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) Customs duties and other imposts levied by either country 
on products of the other, imported by sea or by land; it being un- 
derstood that this stipulation shall not apply to ships constructed 
in either country and acquired by subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(b) All privileges and powers accorded to consular officers by 
either country. (Art. VIII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Treatment of vessels of either countrj^ in ports of the other 
from whatever place arriving, with special reference to port, tonnage, 
pilotage, and all other dues or charges under whatever name, whether 



662 ITALY AND SWITZERLAND. 

levied for the State, for toAvns, or for private establishments of any 
kind. (Arts. II and V.) 

(h) Treatment of each other's vessels in all matters concerning 
coastwise commerce and navigation of either country. (Art. III.) 

(c) Importation and exportation. Any objects of commerce per- 
mitted by law to be imported, stored, and warehoused in ports of 
either country, from whatever place arriving, or permitted to be 
exported or reexported from either country in its own vessels, may 
likewise be imported, exported, or reexported in ships of the other 
without paying higher duties under whatever name, and subject to 
the same privileges, benefits, reductions, concessions, and restitu- 
tions, as when carried in national vessels. (Arts. V, VI.) 

(d) Dues for salvage and expenses of quarantine imposed by 
either country on damaged or shipwrecked vessels of the other. 
(Art. X.) 

(e) Equal treatment of vessels. No preference to be given directly 
or indirectly by either country, nor by any company, corporation, or 
agency acting in its name or under its authority, for purchase of any 
product of either country imported into the other, in consideration 
of the nationality of the vessel importing the same. (Art. XII.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Nationality of vessels to be recognized by either country if 
carrying ship's papers issued by competent authorities of the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

(h) Seamen of either nation deserting in territories of the other 
to be arrested and returned on request from the consul. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Assistance and protection to each other's vessels seeking refuge 
from damage or shipwreck. (Art. X.) 

(d) Subjects of either country inheriting property in the other 
from their own nationals may succeed thereto, by will or otherwise, 
and may take possession thereof or dispose of the same at will, 
without paying other duties to the Government than are paid by in- 
habitants of the country where the property is situated. (Art. 
XIII.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 372. 

Treaty of couiTnerce hetween Italy and Sivitzerland. 

SIGNED 13 July, 1904, at Rome. Originally terminable after 31 Dec, 1917, 
on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XX.) Denounced by Italy, but 
extended from time to time, and now terminable by Italy on one month's 
notice.* (Rap. Con. Fed. 1919 : 5.) 

TEXT : French, Italy Tr. 17 : 336-96 ; B. F. S. P. 98 : 1071-1080. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting all privileges or favors 
which either country may accord in matters concerning importation, 

« Terminated. See Appendix. 



ITALY AND SWITZERLAND. 663 

exportation, and transit ; Tvith special reference to payment of duties 
(amount, guaranty, and manner of collection), warehousing in bond, 
internal taxes, customs formalities, and clearances, and excise or 
consumption duties levied in either country hj the State, or by 
provinces, cantons, or communes, except favors which either country 
may accord to other bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. 
(Arts. I and III.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Duties imposed by either country on production or con- 
sumption. These must not bear more heavily oh articles imported 
from the other than on similar national products ; except articles of 
State monopoly and raw materials used for their manufacture. 
(Art. VII.) 

(h) Taxes which Italy ma}^ impose on stamping of gold or silver 
articles of jewelry, watches and watch cases imported from Switzer- 
land, in case stamping of such articles is made compulsory by Italy. 
(Art. X.) 

(c) Treatment of subjects of either country owning or cultivating 
lands in the other within 10 kilometers of the boundary line as 
regards any advantages concerning exploitation or use of their 
properties, on condition of observing the administrative and police 
regulations. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Treatment by either country of commercial travelers from the 
other, on condition of observing formalities prescribed. (Art. XV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither countr}^ to obstruct the commerce of the other by pro- 
hibitions of any kind regarding importation, exportation, or transit 
(Art. II) , except in the following cases : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. II, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety. (Art. II, 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures to protect animals and useful plants from 
disease and from noxious insects or parasites. (Art. II, 3.) 

(4) Prohibitions concerning articles of State monopoly in either 
country. (Art. II, 4.) 

(h) Import and export duties to be levied on articles listed in 
Schedules A and D annexed to this treaty must not exceed the rates 
therein specified. Both countries reserve the right to make import 
or export duties payable in gold. (Art. III.) 

(c) Merchandise of any kind passing through either country is 
reciprocally exempt from all transit duties in the other, whether 
going straight through or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Refund of specified duties is permitted on exportation from 
either country ; but neither party may allow export bounties in any 
form on any article whatever without consent of the other. (Art. 

vni.) 



664 ITALY AND VENEZUELA. 

(e) Supplementary import duties may be imposed by either coun- 
try on articles of State monopoly; and products containing alcohol 
may be subjected to a tax equal to the internal fiscal charges on the 
alcohol employed in their manufacture. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Specified products of lands in either country within 10 kilo- 
meters of the boundary, and specified articles used for cultivation of 
such properties, are reciprocally exempt from all import, export, or 
transport duties, subject to regulations for prevention or suppression 
of fraud. (Art. XII.) 

(f/) Temporary exemption from import or export duties is recip- 
rocally accorded to live stock crossing the frontier from either coun- 
try to markets, winter quarters, or Alpine pastures in the other. 
(Art. XIII and Annex F.) 

(h) Specified articles crossing the frontier from either country to 
the other are reciprocally exempt from import and export duties, sub- 
ject to reimportation or reexportation within time limit stated. (Art. 
XIV and Annex P\) 

(i) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial, or financial 
associations duly constituted in either country are authorized to ex- 
ercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions in 
courts of justice, on condition of conforming to the laws of the coun- 
try. (Art. XVI.) 

(j) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation of this treaty 
(Art. XVIII) and statement of procedure relating thereto (An- 
nex F.) 'H -itiffto jf : 

(k) Detailed provisions concerning certificates of origin (Art. 
Ill) ; customs dues payable for clearance at frontier stations (Arts. 
V, VI) : arrangements designed to facilitate frontier traffic between 
the two countries (Art. XI) ; and equivalent advantages to be as- 
sured in either country to laborers from the other with regard to 
insurance of workers (Art. XVII). 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Italy with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this vokmie under America, United States of. No. 32. 

Treaty with Venezuela. 
No. 373. 

Treaty of friendship, comnierce^ and navigation heticeen Italy and 
VeneeueJa. 

SIGNED 19 Jime, 1861, at Madrid. Effective from 20 Sept., 1862, for five 
years, and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XXVII.) = 

TEXT: Italian, Italv Tr. 1911, 11:1055-65; Spanish, Venezuela Tr. 159-66; 
English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 54:1330-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms regarding all exemptions, privileges, 



ITALY AND VENEZUELA. 665 

and immunities of whatever kind which either country may <i:rant 
to subjects, ships, and merchandise of any other nation. (Art. 
XXVI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Merchandise permitted to be imported into or exported from 
either country in ships of the other, from what^ever place arriving 
and for any destination. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) All duties imposed on importation or exportation of products 
of either country. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Appointment of consular officers, and all privileges, exemp- 
tions, and immunities accorded to them by' either country. (Arts. 
XVI and XVIII.) 

(d) Treatment of warships of either countrv in ports of the other. 
(Art. XV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting all charges, contributions, or imposts 
payable in either country by citizens of the other. (Art. VI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country to acquire and possess all 
kinds of property in the other, real or personal, and to dispose of 
the same in any manner whatever; also all dues, contributions, or 
imposts relating thereto. (Art. II.) 

(b) Right to enter with ships and cargoes all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign trade in either country ; to travel, reside, and 
trade there by wholesale or retail ; to hire and occupy hoiises, ware- 
houses, and shops; to make consignments of goods and money; to 
receive consignments, domestic or foreign ; to buy, sell, and fix prices 
of imported or native goods ; and to transact any lawful business in 
person or otherwise; also all charges, contributions, or imposts re- 
lating to any of these. (Art. III.) 

(c) All rights, privileges, or conditions regarding protection of 
persons and property in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All dues, charges, imposts, or contributions imposed by either 
country on property belonging to citizens of the other (Art. VI) ; 
even in case of war between the two countries (Art. V). 

(e) All duties imposed, and all exemptions, premiums, and draw- 
backs allowed by either country on importation, exportation, or 
transit of merchandise, whether carried in vessels of either nation, 
and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(/) All dues for tonnage, port, lighthouse, quarantine, and any 
other dues under whatever name, imposed in ports of either country 
on ships of the other. (Art. X.) 



666 ITALY AND YLNEZUELA. 

{g) Treatment of ships of either country on entering ports of the 
other, or touching its coasts. (Art. XI.) 

(A) All matters concerning the placing, loading, or unloading of 
ships in the ports, basins, and roadsteads of either country, includ- 
ing use of public warehouses, cranes, and other equipment, and all 
formalities, and arrangements relating thereto. (Art. XXIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea, and from all contributions, forced 
loans, and requisitions. (Art. IV.) 

{b) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either 
may continue their business in the other without interruption so long 
as they behave peaceably and commit no offense against the laws, 
their property being exempt from seizure or sequestration. (Art. V.) 

(c) Neither State to grant monopolies or privileges to the injury 
of commerce of the other, except articles of Government monopoly, 
and except introduction or application of patents for inventions. 
(Art. IX.) 

{d) Arbitration of disputes between the two countries. (Art. V.) 

{e) Extensive and detailed provisions relating to assistance to 
shipwrecked vessels (Art. XII) ; recognition of nationality of vessels 
(Art. XIII) ; neutrality and contraband (Art. XIV) ; appointment 
and powers of consuls (Arts. XVI, XVII, XX) ; inviolability of 
consular archives (Art. XIX) ; consular administration of estates of 
deceased nationals (Art. XXI) ; local regulations concerning police 
of ports (Art. XXII) ; consular intervention in case of disputes on 
merchant vessels ; and cooperation with local authorities for recovery 
of seamen deserters, and adjustment of damages suffered by vessels 
of either nation (Arts. XXIII-XXV). 



JAPAN. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Italy. 

Treaties of Japan with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 

Czechoslovakia, No. 257. 

Denmark, Nos. 264 and 265. 

Ecuador, No. 281. 

France, No. 291. 

Germany, Nos. 314, 320, and 321. 

Great Britain (under British 

Empire) , No. 167. 
Greece, No. 340. 
Hungary, No. 355. 
Italy, No. 356. 



America, United States of, Nos. 

33 and 34. 
Argentina, No. 59. 
Austria, No. 63. 
Austria -Hungary, No. 76. 
Belgium, No. 106. 
Bolivia, No. 132. 
Brazil, No. 139. 
Chile, No. 224. 
China, Nos. 233 to 235. 
Colombia, No. 249. 



Treaty with Corea. 



No. 374. 

Treaty between Japan and Corea arranging the annexation of Corea 
to Japan. 

SIGNED 22 Aug.. 1910, at Seoul. Promulgated 29 Aug., 1910. Effective from 
date of promulgation for an indefinite term. 

TEXT: English (tran?.l.), .Japan Tr. 1918:450-1; Martens 89:24-5; B. F. 
S. P. 103 : 992-3. 

{a) Complete and permanent cession by Corea to Japan of all 
rights of sovereignty over the whole of Corea. (Arts I, II.) 

ifi) Japan assumes tho. entire government and administration of 

159 Treaties concluded by Corea with foreign powers ceased to be binding, from 20 Aug., 
1910. Japan's existing treaties are therefore to be applied to Corea, so far as practicable. 
Foreigners residing in Corea have the same rights and immunities as in Japan proper, 
so far as conditions permit, the protection of their legally acquired rights being subject 
in all cases to the jurisdiction of Japan. (Decl. 1. English (transl.), Japan Tr. 1918: 
452-3 ; Martens 89 : 26-30.) 

Japan undertakes, until 29 Aug., 1920, to levy upon goods imported or exported to or 
from Corea from or to a foreign country or Japan, and upon foreign or Japanese vessels 
entering any of the open ports of Corea, the same import or export duties and the same 
tonnage dues as under the schedules then existing and enforced in Corea. (Decl. 2, ibid.) 

Japan will further, until 29 Aug., 1920, permit vessels under flags of the powers having 
treaties with Japan to engage in the coasting trade between the open ports of Corea, and 
between those ports and any open port of Japan. (Decl. 3, ibid.) 

667 



668 JAPAN AND MEXICO. 

Corea, undertaking to afford full protection for the persons and 
property of Coreans obeying the laws there in force. (Art. VI.) 

(c) The Emperor, crown prince, and other specified members of 
the imperial house of Corea are to be accorded by Japan the titles, 
dignity, and honor appropriate to their respective ranks, and suffi- 
cient annual grants for the maintenance thereof. (Arts. Ill, IV.) 

(d) Peerage and monetary grants to be conferred by Japan on 
Coreans deserving special recognition on account of meritorious 
service. (Art. V.) 

(e) Coreans who loyally accept the new regime to be employed in 
the public service of Japan in Corea, if duly qualified. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Mexico. 
No. 375. 

Treaty of friendshif and commerce hetweeri Japan and Mexico. 

SIGNED 30 Nov.. 1888, at Wnshingtoii. Flatmcations exchanged there 
6 June, 1889. Effective from exchange of ratili.'ations. subject to termination 
on six months' notice from either party. (Art. IX.) 

TEXT: Spanish and English, Japan Tr. 1918:290-6; English (authentic), 
B. F. S. P. 79 : 129-32 ; Martens 68 : 75.5-7 ; Spanish, Mexico Tr. Vig. 2 : 53-7. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally hut conditionally 
pledged in regard to all favors, privileges, or immunities Avhatever 
in matters relating to commerce, navigation, travel, or residence in 
the territories or possessions of either country. (Art. V.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Appointment of consular officers, and, subject to the stipula- 
tions of this treaty, all rights, privileges, exemptions, and immuni- 
ties accorded to them in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Access with ships and cargoes to all places and ports in 

either country open to foreign commerce; and right to remain and 

\ reside there, to hire and occupy houses and warehouses, and to trade 

by wholesale or retail in all kinds of products and objects of lawful 

commerce. (Art. III.) 

{c) All dues or charges for tonnage, lighthouse, harbor, pilotage, 
quarantine, salvage, and all other local charges imposed on vessels 
of either nation in ports of the other. (Art. VI.) 

{d) All duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed by either country 
on importation of products of the other. (Art. VII.) 

{e) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on 
exportation of any articles to the other. (Art. VII.) 



JAPAN AND NKTHKRLANDS. 669 

Treaty with the Netherlands- 
No. 376. 

Treaty of commerce and rmvlgafion hetireen Japan and the Nether- 
lands. 

SIGNED 6 July, 1912. at the Hague. Ratifications exchanged 8 Oct., 191:5, 
at Tokyo. Effective from 9 Oct.. 1913. Terminable on 12 months' notice from 
either party. (Art. XX.) 

TEXT: French, Japan Tr. 1918: 82(;)-7 ; IMartens 94: 425-32; B. F. S. P. 
107 : 966-72 ; Lagemans IS : 152-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all 
privileges, favors, or immunities in matters concerning commerce, 
navigation, and industry, which either country may accord to the 
vessels or subjects of any other State, in every respect. (Art XVII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) All matters relating to residence and travel throughout the 
territories and possessions of either country; also studies and inves- 
tigations, exercise of trades or professions, and exercise of industrial 
or manufacturing enterprises, in all respects. (Art. I, 1.) 

(h) Acquisition and possession of all kinds of immovable property, 
on condition of reciprocity, and subject always to conditions and re- 
strictions prescribed by the laws of the country. (Art. I, 5.) 

{c) Any charges, taxes, or contributions of whatever kind imposed 
by either country on subjects of the other, including military requi- 
sitions or contributions. (Art. I, 7-8.) u; i/v 

{d) Appointment of consular officers, and all privileges, exemp- 
tions, and immunities accorded to them in either country. (Art. III.) 

{e) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to foreign commerce in either country. (Art, V.) 

(/) Customs duties levied in either country on importation of 
products of the other, from whatever place arriving, and any prohi- 
bitions or restrictions imposed by either country against products 
of the other, from whatever place arriving ; except sanitary measures 
for protection of animals or useful plants. (Art VI.) 

{g) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
commercial travelers from the other in respect of all imposts or 
charges, and all facilities incidental to buying and selling or solicit- 
ijjg orders, with or without samples. (Art. VII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in respect to: iiii.iinui. i>jii; r....^'j 

(a) All privileges, liberties, rights, imposts or charges reteing to 
possession or transmission, by will or otherwise, of any personal 
property lawfully acquired; also disposal in any manner of all kinds 
of property lawfully acquired. (Art. I, 4.) 



670 JAPAN AND KETHEELANDS. 

(h) All dues for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, lighthouse, 
quarantine, and all similar or analogous duties or charges, no mat- 
ter by whom or how levied in territorial waters of either country 
on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and whatever 
their destination. (Art. XIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to the 
following matters: 

(a) Right of trading in all articles of lawful commerce in either 
country. (Art. I, 2.) 

(h) Conditions and legal forms concerning domiciliary visits or 
search of dwellings and other premises, and examination or inspec- 
tion of books, papers, or accounts. (Art. II.) 

{c) All articles which may be legally imported into or exported 
from either country in its own vessels may likewise be imported or 
exported in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and for 
any destination, subject to the same duties or charges under what- 
ever name and the same bounties or drawbacks as when carried in 
national ships. (Art. X.) 

(d) All privileges and facilities accorded in territorial waters of 
either country to ships of the other in matters concerning the placing, 
loading, or unloading of vessels. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded by either coun- 
try to vessels seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, so far as 
obligations of neutrality permit. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to enter and reside in all 
territories and possessions of the other and to possess or rent and 
occupy houses, factories, stores, shops, and other premises, and to 
lease lands for residential, commercial, industrial, or other lawful 
purposes. (Art. I, 3.) 

(h) Protection and security in either country for subjects of the 
other and their properties, with special reference to open access to 
courts of justice. (Art. I, 6.) 

(c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, from all contributions in lieu of personal 
service, and from all forced loans and military requisitions or con- 
tributions, subject to exceptions named. (Art. I, 7.) 

(d) Temporar}^ duty-free admission into either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to customs regula- 
tions and formalities relating thereto. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial, and finan- 
cial associations duly constituted in either country are authorized to 
exercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions in 
courts of justice. (Art. IX.) 



JAPAN AND NORWAY. 671 

(/) Provision relating to arrest of seamen deserters. (Art. XV.) 

V. Exceptions. — The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 
(a) Concessions accorded by either country to bordering States to 

facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. XVIII a.) 

(h) Treatment accorded by either country to products of the na- 
tional fisheries (or of fisheries assimilated thereto) as regards im- 
portation of their products. (Art. XVIII h.) 

VI. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this treaty 
apply to all territories and possessions belonging to or administered 
by either country. (Art. XIX.) 

Treaties with Norway. 
No. 377. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetiveeri Japan and Norway. 

SIGNED 16 June. 1911, at Cbi-istiania. Ratitications exchaiised 15 July, 
1911. at Tokyo. Effective froui 17 July. 1911, until 16 July, 1923, and there- 
after until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XIX.) 

TEXT : French. Japan Tr. 1918 : 301-7 ; B. F. S. P. 105 : 702-8 ; Martens, 
93:602-8; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914:95-101. ^i .isi 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted be- 
low) in regard to all privileges, favors, or immunities whatever in 
matters of commerce, navigation, and industry, unless otherwise ex- 
pressly declared in this treaty. (Art. XVII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Travel, residence, studies, and investigations; evercise of 
trades and professions ; execution of industrial or manufacturing en- 
terprises, and trading in all articles of lawful commerce in either 
country. (Art. I, 1.) 

{h) Possession, hiring, and occupation of houses, factories, ware- 
houses, shops, and other necessary premises; also leasing of lands 
for residential, and for lawful commercial, industrial, or other uses 
in either country. (Art. I, 2.) 

{c) Payment of taxes, imposts, charges, or contributions of what- 
ever kind. (Art. I, 5.) 

{d) Transmission of personal property, and disposal of any other 
property lawfully acquired, and all imposts or charges relating 
thereto. (Art. I, 6.) 

{e) Appointment of consular officers*, and all privileges, exemp- 
tions, and immunities accorded to them in either country. (Art. 

HI) 

(/) Right of citizens of either country to enter with ships and 
cargoes all places, ports, and rivers in the other open to foreign 
commerce, subject to observing the laws of the country. (Art. V.) 



672 JAPAN AND NORWAY. 

(g) All duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of an}^ article to the other; also any prohibitions or restrictions 
6n imports or exports to or from either country, except sanitary 
measures for protection of health, animals, or useful plants. (Art. 
VI.) 

(h) All facilities, privileges, and immunities accorded to vessels 
performing a regular postal service. (Art. XII.) 

(i) Any privileges granted by either country in respect of its 
coasting trade. (Art. XIII.) 

(_/■) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea. (Art. Is 4.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting dues for tonnage, transit, canal, port, 
pilotage, light, quarantine, and all similar duties or charges under 
whatever name, no matter by whom or how levied, in territorial 
w^aters of either country on ships of the other, from whatever place 
arriving and wdiatever their destination. (Art. XI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to: 

(a) Protection of each other's citizens as regards their persons and 
property, administration of justice, and access to courts or tribunals. 
(Art. I, 3.) 

(h) Military requisitions or contributions in either country. 
(Art. I, 4.) 

(c) Exemption of dAvellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection or 
examination ; except under conditions and with legal forms applying 
to citizens of the country. (Art. III.) 

(d) Importation and exportation. Whatever articles may be law- 
fully imported into or exported from either country in its own ves- 
sels, may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and for any destination ; without pay- 
ing other or higher duties or charges of any kind, and subject to 
the same bounties or drawbacks, as when carried in national vessels. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(e) All privileges and facilities in regard to stationing, loading 
or unloading of vessels in territorial waters of either nation., (Art. 
IX.) '' '''> 

(/) Privileges and immunities of vessels seeking refuge from 
damage or shipwreck. (Artj XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Customs duties levied in either country on imported products 
of the other are to be determined by special arrangements, or by 
domestic legislation of either country. (Art. VI.) 

(b) Stock companies and other commercial, industrial or finan- 
cial associations duly constituted in either country are authorized to 






JAPAN AND NORWAY. 673 

exercise their rights in the other, with special reference to actions 
in courts of justice. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, and from all contribu- 
tions in lieu of personal service. (Art. I, 4.) 

(d) Administration by consular officers of the estates of their 
deceased nationals. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Local authorities to assist consular officers in recovery of 
seamen deserters. (Art. XV.) 

(/) Provision regarding consular jurisdiction of disputes between 
officers and crews arising on merchant vessels at sea or in territorial 
waters of either country, wdth special reference to salaries and exe- 
cution of contracts. (Art. XIV.) 

V. Exceptions. — The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to : 
(a) Special advantages granted exclusively to bordering coun- 
tries to facilitate frontier traffic. 

(h) Special advantages granted by Norwa}^ to Sweden exclusively. 
(c) Exclusive advantages resulting from a customs union. (Art. 
XVII.) 

VI. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this treaty are 
applicable to all territories and possessions owned or administered 
by either country. (Art. XVIII.) ,ofj.h'>-m7rVtPoM J 

No. 3 78. 

Special a7id recij^rocal customs convention hetween Japan and 
Noricay. 

SIGNED 16 June. ISll, at Christiania. Ratifications exchanged 15 July, 
1911, at Tokyo. Effective from 17 July, 1911, until terminated by 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : French, Japan Ti-. 1918 : 308-9 ; B. F. S. P. 105 : 708-9 ; Martens 
93 : 608-10 ; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 102-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) in regard to: 

{a) Customs duties levied by either country on importation of 
products of the other. (Art. I.) 

{h) Internal taxes or duties for octroi, transit, warehousing, ex- 
cise, or consumption levied by either country on grain imported from 
the other. (Art. II.) 

{c) Certificates which either country may exceptionally require as 
evidence of origin of articles imported from the other. (Art. III.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocal!}^ pledged regarding internal 
taxes or dues levied by either country for octroi, transit, warehous- 
ing, excise, or consumption; which must not bear more heavily on 
imported products of the other country (except grain) than on sim- 
ilar articles of national origin. (Art. II.) ' 



674 JAPAN AND PERU. 

III. Exceptions. — Stipulations of this convention do not apply to : 

(a) Importation of products of national fisheries or of fisheries 
assimilated thereto. (Art. V, 1.) 

(b) Exceptional tariff concessions to bordering States to facilitate 
frontier traffic. (Art. V, 2). 

(c) Special advantages granted by Norway to Sweden exclusively. 
(Art. V, 3.) 

(d) Exclusive advantages resulting from a customs union. (Art. 
V,3.) 

IV. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this conven- 
tion are applicable to all territories and possessions owned or admin- 
istered by either country. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Peru. 
No. 379. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetween Japan and Peru. 

SIGNED 20 Mar., 1895, at Washington. Ratifications exchanged there 24 
Dec, 1896. Effective from 17 July, 1899, for seven years, and thereafter 
terminable on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XVIII.) 

TEXT : English, Japan Tr. 1918 : 328-36 ; B. F. S. P. 87 : 1217-29 ; Martens 
84 : 400-7 ; Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 41. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in regard to any privilege, favor, or immunity relating to 
commerce and navigation granted by either country to the Govern- 
ment, ships, citizens, or subjects of any other State (Art. XIV) ; 
except the coasting trade of both countries (Art. X). 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Import duties or prohibitions imposed by either country 
against products of the other, from whatever place arriving (x\rt. 
IV), except sanitary measures to protect safety of persons, of cattle, 
or of plants useful to agriculture (Art. IV). 

(6) Duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on exports of 
any merchandise to the other. (Art. V.) 

(<?) Any rights granted by laws, ordinances, or regulations of 
either country in respect of its coasting trade. (Art. X.) 

{d) Appointment and recognition of consular officers, and all 
privileges, exemptions, or irmnunities accorded to them in either 
country. (Art. XV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Residence and travel in any part of either country; possession 
of goods and effects of any kind; succession to personal estates by 
will or otherwise; disposal of lawfully acquired property of any 



JAPAN AND PER IT. 675 

sort in any manner whatever: and all imposts, t'har<res, or taxes pay- 
able in either country by citizens or subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Right of access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in either country, and all taxes, im- 
posts, or duties of whatever nature relating to commerce and naviga- 
tion, no matter by whom or how levied, subject always to specified 
laws, ordinances, and regulations applying to all foreigners in either 
country. (Art. II.) 

(c) All duties of tonnage, harbor, pilotage, lighthouse, or quaran- 
tine, and any similar dues of whatever nature, no matter by whom 
or how levied in either country on ships of the other, from whatever 
place arriving and whatever their destination. (x\rt. VIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to the 
following matters : 

(a) All matters relating to administration of justice, including free 
and easy access to courts, and right to employ advocates or others 
therein. (Art. I.) 

(h) Right to trade by wholesale or retail in all kinds of merchan- 
dise of lawful commerce, in person or otherwise, singly or as partners 
with others; also right to own or rent and occupy houses, factories, 
warehouses, shops, and other premises, and to lease land for purposes 
of residence or commerce, subject to the laws, police, and customs 
regulations of the country. (Art. II.) 

(c) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination, except under conditions and with legal forms ap- 
plying to citizens of the country. (Art. III.) 

(d) All matters relating to warehousing, bounties, facilities, and 
drawbacks. (Art. YI.) 

(e) All articles which may be legally imported into or exported 
from either country in its own vessels may likcAvise be imported or 
exported in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
for any destination, without paying other or higher duties or charges 
of any kind, and subject to the same bounties and drawbacks, as 
w^hen carried in national vessels. (Art. YII.) 

(/) Any privilege granted in regard to stationing, loading, or 
unloading of vessels in ports, docks, rivers, or waters of either 
country. (Art. IX.) 

(g) Treatment of warships or merchant vessels of either nation 
seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck on coasts or in ports of 
the other. (Art. XI.) 

(A) Protection of each other's citizens in regard to patents, trade- 
marks, and designs. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

54083—22 44 



■676 JAPAN AND RUSSIA. 

(a) Liberty of conscience and, subject to laws and regulations of 
the country, exercise of religious worship and right of burial are 
reciprocally assured in either country. (Art. I.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory 
military service whatever, by land or sea, from all contributions 
imposed in lieu of personal service, and from all forced loans or 
military exactions or contributions. (Ibid.) 

(<?) Salvaged merchandise to be exempt from all customs duties 
in either country unless cleared for consumption. (Art. XI.) 

(d) Local authorities to assist consuls in recovery of seamen de- 
serters. (Art. XIII.) 

Treaty with Russia"'^ 

No. 380. :;f.^ 

Treaty of commerce and navifjation hetween Japan and Russia. 

SIGNED 28 July, 1907, at St. Petersburg. EffectlTe from 9 Nov., 1907, for 
indefinite duration, subject to termination after 17 July, 1910, on 12 months' 
notice by eitlier party. (Art. XVII.) Notice was given by tiie Ilussian Pro- 
visional Government to terminate this treaty, as from 24 Oct., 1918. ' (Japan Tr. 
1918:378.) ■ . 

TEXT: French, Japan Tr. 1918:365-77; B. F. S. I'. 101:443-53; Martens 
86 : 850-60. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting ail privileges, favors, or immunities Avhich either country 
may accord to the vessels, subjects, or citizens of any nation in mat- 
ters concerning commerce, navigation, industry, trades, and profes- 
sions in all respects. (Art. XIV.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Treatment by either countr}^ of subjects of the other in all that 
concerns agriculture, and holding of land, by right of property or 
any other title. (Art. I.) 

{h) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to foreign commerce in either country. (Art. II.) 

(<?) Any duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on im- 
portation of products of the other, from whatever place arriving; 
except sanitary and other measures of public safety, or to protect 
animals and plants useful to agriculture. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions imposed .by either coun- 
try on exportation of any article to the other. (Art. V.) 

{e) All matters concerning transit dues, warehousing, bounties, 
facilities, and drawbacks. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Any rights or privileges which laws and regulations of either 
country may accord in respect of its coasting trade. (Art. X.) . ' 



See p. 757, note 195. 



JAPAN AND RUSSIA. ^77 

(ff) Appointment of consular officers, and, on condition of reci- 
procity, all priA^leges. exemptions, immunities, and powers accorded 
to them in either country. (Art. XV.) i'Hj 'U^^ 

(A) Any advantage which Russia may accord to any third power 
in respect of the exceptions noted bfelow under V. (Separate art. 
and notes.) !'X|XJ) ;iy/lju -m yjiijvlii'i 1)^/; 

(i) Any advantages which Japan may accord to Corea or to neigh- 
boring countries of eastern Asia lying east of the Straits of Malacca 
with regard to the exceptions noted below under V. (Ibid.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All privileges, liberties, rights, imposts, or charges relating to 
-residence and travel in either country or concerning possession, trans- 
mission, and disposal of personal property of all kinds, or of any 
property lawfully acquired. (Art. I.) ' '• . 

(b) Any charges or taxes payable in either country by citizens of 
the other. (Art. I.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) All rights and privileges regarding administration of justice, 
including access to courts, and emplo3^ment of advocates or others 
therein. (Art. I.) 

(h) Liability for specified military charges or requisitions incum- 
bent on possession of landed propert}^ in either country. (Art. I.) 

(c) Right of subjects of either countr}^ to exercise any lawful 
industr}^, trade, or commerce in the other, by wholesale or retail, 
personally or by agents, singly or jointly with foreigners or native 
subjects, and right to possess or hire and occupy houses and ware- 
houses, and to rent lands for residential or professional uses, subject 
to observing the laws and the police and customs regulations of the 
country. (Art. II.) 

' (d) All imposts, taxes, or duties of any kind relating to com- 
merce and navigation, no matter by whom or how levied in either 
country on citizens of the other, subject to laws and special regula- 
tions in matters of commerce, industry, trades, professions, prop- 
erty, police, and public health or safety applying to all foreigners in 
either country. (Art. II.) 

(e) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination, except under conditions and with legal forms ap- 
plying to citizens of the country. (Art. III.)' ' • ' 

(/) Importation and exportation. All articles which may be 
legally imported into or exported from either country in its own 
vessels may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and for any destination, without pay- 
ing other or higher dues or charges of whatever kind, and subject 



678 JAPAN- AND RUSSIA. 

to the same bounties or drawbacks as when carried in national ves- 
sels. (Art. VII.) 

((7) Any privileges concerning the stationing, loading, and un- 
loading of vessels in the ports, basins, docks, roadsteads, harbors, or 
rivers of either country. (Art. IX.) 

(A) Any charges, and salvage or other expenses, payable by ves- 
sels of either country seeking refuge in ports of the other from 
damage or shipwreck. (Art. XI.) 

(I) Protection to be accorded in either country to citizens of the 
other with regard to patents, trade-marks, and designs. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory military service by land or sea, from all contributions 
in substitution therefor, and from all forced loans and military ex- 
actions or contributions except charges and military contribu- 
tions or requisitions incumbent on possession of landed property. 
(Art. I.) 

(b) Freedom of conscience, and (subject to laws and regulations 
of the country) all religious Avorship in either country, and right to 
bury or cremate the dead in suitable places, (Art. I.) 

{c) Ships of either country may load or discharge foreign car- 
goes at different ports of the other on the same voyage; but coast- 
ing trade is excepted. (Art. X.) 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning treatment of vessels of either 
country seeking refuge in ports of the other from damage or ship- 
Avreck. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Provisions concerning validity of Japanese passports in Rus- 
sia, and duty payable thereon. (Protocol, Art. I.) 

(/) Products of specified territories of either country imported 
overland into specified territories of the other shall receive the same 
treatment as products of Manchuria in all that concerns customs 
facilities and duties. (Protocol, Art. II.) 

V. Exceptions and reservations. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to the coasting 
trade, which is reserved for regulation by the laws of each country. 
(Art. X.) 

(b) Exceptions reserved by Russia: 

(1) Favors which Russia may accord to bordering States to facili- 
tate frontier traffic within 50 versts of the boundary line. (Separate 
art., Russian reservations, Art. I.) 

(2) Favors which Russia may accord to residents of the Province 
of Archangel as regards importation and exportation, and favors 
concerning trade with the north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 
Art. II.) 



JAPAN AND SIAM. 679 

(3) Special stipulations of the treaty of 8 May, 1838,i«^ between 
Russia and Sweden and Norway. (Ibid., Art. IV.) 

(4) Arrangements concerning commerce of Russia witli border- 
ing countries of Asia. (Ibid., Art. IV.) 

(5) Exemption accorded to vessels built in Russia and owned by 
Russians, Avhich are exempt from navigation dues during the first 
three years. (Ibid., Art. V.) 

(6) Immunities accorded bv Russia to yacht clubs. (Ibid., Art. 
VI.) 

(7) Monopoly of any article Avhich the Government of Russia may 
reserve for itself. (Ibid., Art. VII.) 

(c) Exceptions reserved by Japan: 

(1) Special arrangements between Japan and Corea relating to 
commerce, industry, and navigation. (Japan's reservations. Art. I.) 

(2) Arrangements concerning Japan's commerce Avith bordering 
countries of eastern Asia lying east of the Straits of Malacca. (Ibid. , 
Art. II.) 

(3) Monopoly of any article w^hich the Government of Japan 
may reserve for itself. (Ibid., Art. III.) 

Treaty with Siam. 
No. 381. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce, and navigation hetween Japan and 
Siam.. 

SIGNED 25 February, 1898, at Bangkok. Effective from 31 May, 1898, for 
10 years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XI Y.) 

TEXT: English (authentic) ; Japan Tr. 1918: 414-20; B. F. S. V. 90: 66-72: 
Martens 8.3 : 203-9. 

L MoSt-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondi- 
tionally pledged in general terms respecting any privilege, favor, 
or immimit}^ concerning commerce, industry, and navigation granted 
by either country to the Grovernment, subjects, citizens, ships, or 
merchandise of any other State. (Art. XIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All honors, privileges, exemptions, and immunities of every 
kind granted to consular officers in either country. (Art. II.) 

(6) All matters concerning travel, trade, and residence: acquisi- 
tion, possession, and disposal of property of all kinds; right to en- 
gage in all kinds of business, occupation, and enterprise, and trade 
by wholesale or retail in all kinds of merchandise; right to hire 
and occupy houses, warehouses, factories, and shops; and payment. 

i«i See No. 440. 



680 JAPAI^ AND SIAM, 

of taxes, imposts, charges, or exactions relating to any of these. 
(Art. III.) 

(c) Access with ships and cargoes to all places, ports, and rivers 
open to foreign commerce in either country. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All matters relating to transit duties, warehousing, bounties, 
facilities, drawbacks, and the examination and appraisement of 
merchandise. (Art. V.) 

(e) All duties or prohibitions imposed by either country on im- 
portation of products of the other, from whatever place arriving, ex- 
cept sanitary measures to protect the safety of persons, or of cattle, 
or of plants useful to agriculture. (Art. VI.) 

(/) All duties, taxes, charges, or prohibitions of any kind imposed 
by either country on exportation of any article to the other. (Art. 
VII.) 

(g) All honors, advantages, privileges, and exemptions conceded 
to warships of either nation in ports and waters of the other. (Art. 
XII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to the following matters : 

(a) Whatever articles may be legally imported into or exported 
from either country in its own or any other vessels, may likewise be 
imported or exported in ships of the other, from whatever place 
arriving, and for any destination, without paying other or higher 
duties or charges of any kind, and subject to the same bounties or 
drawbacks, as when carried in national vessels or in those of any 
other country. (Art. VIII.) 

(h) All duties or charges for tonnage, light, harbor, pilotage, quar- 
antine, salvage, or any other local charges or dues levied by either 
country on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
whatever their destination. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Any privilege concerning the entering, clearing, stationing, 
loading, or unloading of vessels in ports, docks, rivers, or waters of 
either country. (Art. X.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to duties 
and salvage or other expenses payable in either country by vessels of 
the other in case of damage or shipwreck, (Art. XI,) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Protection by either country of the persons and property of 
subjects of the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Japanese consular officers to exercise jurisdiction over Japa- 
nese subjects in Siam until completion of specified judicial reforms 
in iSiam. (Protocol, 1.) 

(c) Trade regulations and customs tariffs then in force between 
Siam and other powers having treaties with Siam are accepted as 



japa:n' and SPAIN. 681 

binding upon Japanese subjects and vessels, subject to revision on 
12 months' notice upon demand of either country. (Protocol, 2.) 
(d) Arbitration of disputes regarding interpretation or execution 
of this treaty. (Protocol, 3.) 

Treaties with Spain. 
No. 382. 

Special commercial convention 'between Japan and Spain. 

SIGNED 28 Mar., 1900, at Tokyo. Ratifications exchanged tliere 30 Mar., 
1901. Effective from exchange of ratifications for five years, and thereafter 
until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT: English (authentic) and Spanish, Japan Tr. 1918:196-200; English, 
B. F. S. P. 92 : 1045-7 ; IVIartens 83 : 247-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
regard to : 

{a) Any duties which either country may impose, under whatevei 
name, on importation of products of the other (Spain including for 
this purpose the Balearic and Canary Islands), when imported di- 
rect or accompanied by through bills of lading. But the special ad- 
vantages accorded to Portugal, and special privileges which Spain 
may grant exclusively to bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic, 
shall not be accorded to products of Japan. (Art. I and III.) 

{h) Any prohibitions which either country may impose on im- 
portation of products of the other, from whatever place arriving; 
except sanitary and other prohibitions to protect the safety of per- 
sons or of cattle or of plants useful to agriculture. (Art. I.) 

{c) Any duties, charges, or prohibitions which either country may 
impose on exportation of any article to territories of the other. 
(Art. II.) 

No. 383. 

Treaty of amity and general rela.tions between Japan and Spain. 

SIGNED 15 May, 1911, at Madrid. Ratifications exchanged 10 July, 1915, 
at Tokyo. Effective from exchange of ratifications until 16 July, 1921. (Pro- 
tocol, 29 Aug., 1911, amending Art. XXI.) 

TEXT: French, .Japan Tr. 1918: 201-9: B. F. S. P. 107:985-93: Spanish, 
Martens 94 : 766-73. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below), 
in regard to all privileges, favors, or immunities whatever in all 
matters concerning commerce, navigation, and industry. (Art. 
XVIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All matters concerning travel and residence, studies, and in- 
vestigations; exercise of trades and professions; and conduct of in« 



682 JAPAN AND SPAIN. 

dustrial or manufacturing enterprises in either country, in all re- 
spects. (Art. I, 1.) 

(h) Acquisition and possession of property of all kinds, personal 
or real, on condition of reciprocity, and subject to conditions and 
restrictions prescribed by law in either country. (Art I, 4.) 

(c) Appointment of consuls, and all privileges, exemptions, and 
immunities accorded to consular officers in either country (Art. Ill) ; 
with special reference to administration of estates of their deceased 
nationals (Art. IV). 

(d) Right to enter with ships and cargoes all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in either country, subject to the laws 
of the country. (Art. V.) 

(r) Ail duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any article to the other. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country on 
imports or exports to or from the other; except sanitary measures 
or measures for the protection of animals and useful plants. (Art. 
VI.) 

{(/) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, or 
commercial travelers from the other in respect of all imposts or 
charges, and all facilities incidental to buying and selling or solicit- 
ing orders. (Art. VII.) 

(A) All facilities, privileges, and immunities accorded in the terri- 
torial waters of either country to ships of the other charged with a 
regular postal service. (Art. XIII.) 

(i) Any advantages which either country may concede in regard 
to exceptions noted under V below. (Arts. XIX, XX.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Exceptional forced loans, and any exceptional military requisi- 
tions or contributions incumbent in either country on possession or 
occupation of landed property. (Art. I, 6.) 

(6) Payment of taxes, charges, imposts, or contributions of what- 
ever nature. (Art. I, 7.) 

(c) All duties for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, light- 
house, quarantine, and other similar duties or charges under what- 
ever name, no matter by whom or how levied in territorial waters of 
either nation on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
whatever their destination (Art. XII) ; except special advantages or 
privileges accorded by either country exclusively to its national mer- 
chant marine. (Decl. 12 May, 1913 i^^) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 
(a) Right to trad-e in all articles of lawful commerce in either 

country. (Art. I, 2.) 

3C2 French, Japan Tr. 1918:210. 



JAPAN AND SPAIN. 683 

(h) Right to possess, rent, and occupy houses, factories, ware- 
houses, shops, and other premises, and to lease lands for residential, 
commercial, industrial, or other lawful uses. (Art. I, 3.) 

(e) Conditions regarding disposal of property by sale, gift, mar- 
riage, testament or any other manner, including export of proceeds 
if sold, and all duties or charges relating thereto. (Art. I, 4.) 

(d) Constant security and protection of persons and property, in- 
cluding access to courts of justice and employment of advocates or 
others therein. (Art. I, 5.) 

(e) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination, except under conditions and with legal forms apply- 
ing to citizens of the country. (Art. II.) 

(/) Importation and exportation. All articles which may be 
legally imported into or exported from either country in its own 
vessels may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the other 
from whatever place arriving and for any destination without paying 
oth^r or higher dues or charges of whatever kind, and subject to the 
same bounties or drawbacks as when carried in national vessels. 
(Art. IX.) 

(g) All privileges or facilities granted in territorial waters of 
either country with reference to stationing, loading, or unloading of 
vessels. (Art. X.) 

(A) All immunities and assistance or protection accorded by either 
country to vessels seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, so 
far as duties of neutralit}^ permit. (Art. XYII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Customs duties levied in either country on importation of 
products of the other are to be regulated by special arrangements 
between both nations or bv domestic legislation in either country. 
(Art. VI.) ^ Tallftm 

(h) Right of vessels of either nation to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coast- 
ing trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XIV.) 

(c) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsory militar}^ service by land or sea, from contributions in 
lieu of personal service, and from all forced loans and military requi- 
sitions or contributions, except those incumbent in either country on 
possession of landed property. (Art. I, 6.) 

(d) Reciprocal duty-free admission by either country of commer- 
cial travelers' samples from the other, subject to regulations and 
formalities relating thereto. (Art. VIL) 

(e) Commercial, industrial, and financial companies and associa- 
tions dulv constituted in either countrv are authorized to exercise 



684 JAPAN AND SWEDEN. 

their rights in the other conformably to its laws, with special ref- 
erence to actions in courts of justice. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Consular jurisdiction of disputes between officers and crews 
arising on merchant vessels at sea or in territorial waters of either 
country, with special reference to salaries and execution of contracts. 
(Art. XV.) 

{g) Local authorities to assist consular officers in recovery of sea- 
men deserters. (Art. XVI.) 

V. Exceptions. — Provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

{a) The coasting trade of either country, w^hich is regulated by 
its national laws. (Art. XIV.) 

{h) Special advantages accorded by either country exclusively to 
bordering States (or by Spain to Morocco), to facilitate frontier 
traffic. (Art. XIX.) 

{c) Specified African possessions of Spain. (Art. XX,) 

Treaties with Sweden. 
No. 384. 

Treaty of covimerce and navigation between Japan and Sweden, 

SIGNED 19 May, 1911, at Stockholm. Ratifications exciianged 12 July, 1911, 
at Tokyo. Efeeetive from 17 July, 1911, until 16 July, 1923, and thereafter 
terminable on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XX.) 

TEXT : French, Japan Tr. 1918 : 425-32 ; Martens 93 : 496-505 ; B. F. S. P. 
105 : 719-27. 

L Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
in regard to all favors, privileges, and immunities whatever con- 
cerning commerce, navigation, and industry. (Art. XYIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All matters concerning travel, residence, studies and investi- 
gations; exercise of trades and professions; conduct of industrial 
and manufacturing enterprises ; and trading in all articles of lawful 
commerce. (Art. I, 1.) 

{h) Right to possess, rent, and occupy houses, factories, ware- 
houses, shops and other premises, and to lease lands for residential 
and lawful commercial, industrial, or other purposes. (Art. I, 2.) 

(c) Payment of imposts, taxes, or contributions of every kind. 
(Art. I, 5.) 

{d) All privileges, liberties, rights, imposts, or charges concern- 
ing transmission of personal property by will or otherwise, and dis- 
posal in any manner of all kinds of property lawfully acquired. 
(Art. I, 6.) 

{e) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded to con- 
sular officers in either country. (Art. III.) 



t-.r! 



JAPAN AND SWEDEN. 685 

(/) Right to enter with ships and cargoes all places, ports, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in the territories of either nation', i 
subject to the hxws of the country. (Art. V.) 

{g) All duties or charges imposed by either country on exporta- 
tion of any article to the other. (Art. VT.) 

(h) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country 
against imports or exports to or from the other, except for sanitary 
reasons and to protect animals or useful plants. (Art. VI.) 

(^) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
commercial travelers from the other regarding facilities for pur- 
chasing goods or soliciting orders, and any imposts relating thereto. 
(Art. VII.) 

{}) All facilities, privileges, and immunities granted by either 
country to vessels performing a regular postal service. (Art. XIII.) 

{k) Any favors which either country may grant in respect of its 
coasting trade. (Art. XIV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged in regard to dues for tonnage, transit, canal, port, pilotage, 
lighthouse, quarantine, and any similar dues or charges, under what- 
ever name and no matter by whom or how levied in territorial waters 
of either nation on ships of the other, from whatever place arriving, 
and whatever their destination. (Art. XII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

{a) All rights and privileges relating to administration of jus- 
tice, with special reference to protection and security of persons and 
property, and access to judicial tribunals. (Art. I, 3.) 

(h) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection 
or examination; except under conditions and with legal forms ap- 
plying to citizens of the country. (Art. II.) 

((?) All articles which may be legally imported into, or exported 
from, either country in its own vessels, may likewise be imported or 
exported in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and for 
any destination, without paying other or higher dues or charges of 
whatever kind, and subject to the same bounties or drawbacks, as 
when carried in national vessels. (Art. IX.) 

{d) All privileges and facilities concerning the stationing, load- 
ing or unloading of ships in territorial waters of either nation. 
(Art. X.) 

{e) Assistance, protection, and immunities accorded by either 
country to vessels seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck, so far 
as permitted by duties of neutrality. (Art, XVII.) 

(/) All military requisitions or contributions. (Art. I, 4.) 

IV. Other provisions. 



686 JAPAN AND SWEDEN. 

(a) Customs duties levied by either country on importation of 
products of the other are to be regulated by special arrangements 
between both nations, or by domestic legislation in either country. 
(Art. VI.) 

(h) Right of vessels of either nation to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting 
trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XIV.) 

(c) Reciprocal duty-free admission by either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to regulations and 
formalities relating thereto. (Art. VII.) 

(d) Commercial, industrial, and financial companies and associa- 
tions duly constituted in either country are authorized to exercise 
their rights in the other conformably to its laws, with spepial refer- 
ence to actions in courts of justice. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea, from all contributions in substitution 
therefor, and from any forced loans. (Art. I, 4.) 

(/) Consular administration of estates of their deceased nationals. 
(Art. IV.) 

(f/) Consular jurisdiction of disputes between officers and crews 
arising on merchant vessels at sea or in territorial waters of either 
country, with special reference to salaries and execution of contracts. 
(Art. XV.) 

(h) Local authorities to assist consular officers in recovery of sea- 
men deserters. (Art. XVI.) 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to the 
coasting trade of either country, which is regulated by its national 
laws. (Art. XIV.) 

VI. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this treaty are 
applicable to all territories and possessions belonging to, or admin- 
istered by, either country. (Art. XIX.) 

No. 385. 

Special and reciprocal customs convention between Japan and 
Sweden. 

SIGNED 19 May, 1911, at Stockliolin. Katmcatioiis exchan/ivd 12 .July, 1911. 
at Tokyo. Effective from IT July, 1911, until terminated by 12 months' notice 
from either party. (Art, YI.) 

TEXT: French, Japau Tr. 1918:438-4; B. F. S. P. 105:720-7; Martens, 
93 : 503-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting customs 
duties imposed by either country on importation of products of the 
other. (Art. I.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding internal 
taxes or dues levied by either country for octroi, excise, consumption, 



JAPAN AND SWITZERLAND. 687 

warehousing:, or transit, whicli must not bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on simihir articles of do- 
mestic origin. (Art. II.) 

in. Other provisions. — Certificates of origin need not be produced, 
as a rule, but may exceptionally be required by either country as 
evidence of the origin of articles imported from the other. (Art. 

III.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The stipulations of this convention do not ap- 
ply to : 

(a) Importation of products of national fisheries of either coun- 
trj, or of fisheries assimilated thereto. (Art. V, 1.) 

(h) Exceptional tariff concessions accorded by either country to 
bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. V. 2.) 

(c) Special advantages accorded by Sweden to Norway exclu- 
sively. (Art. Y, 3.) 

V. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this convention 
are applicable to all territories and possessions belonging to or ad- 
ministered by either country. (Art. IV.) 

Treaty with Switzerland, 
No. 386. 

Treaty of commerce hetween Japan and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 21 June, 1911, at Berne. Ratifications exchanged 20 Dec, 1911, at 
Tokyo. Effective from 21 Dec, 1911, until 16 July, 1923, and thereafter termi- 
nable on twelve months' notice from either party. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT: French and German (transl.), Martens 93:610-22; French, .Japan 
Tr. 1918 : 438-44 ; B. F. S. P. 105 : 979-85. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
in regard to all privileges, favors, or immunities in matters of com- 
merce, navigation, and industry, in every respect. (Art. XIY.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
in regard to : 

{a) All matters concerning exercise of industry, trades, or pro- 
fessions, and studies or scientific investigations in either country. 
(Art. I, 3.) 

(h) Acquisition and possession of property of all kinds, personal 
or real, on condition of reciprocity, and subject to conditions and 
restrictions prescribed by law in either country. (Art. I, 5.) 

{c) Appointment of consuls, and all rights, privileges, exemptions, 
or immunities accorded to them in either country (Art. IV) ; with 
special reference to administration of estates of their deceased na- 
tionals (Art. V). 

{d) All duties, prohibitions, or restrictions imposed by either coun- 
try on importation of products of the other, from whatever place ar- 



688 JAPAIvT AND SWITZERLAND. 

riving ; except sanitary, measures for protection -of health, animals, 
or useful plants. (Art. VII.) 

(e) All export duties or charges levied by either country. on ex- 
portation of its products to the other. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) Any prohibitions or restrictions imposed by either country on 
export.ation of any article to the other. (Art. VIII.) 

[ff) Treatment by either country of merchants, manufacturers, or 
commercial travelers froin the other regarding fees, charges, or fa- 
cilities for buying and selling or soliciting orders. (Art. XI.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea. and from all contributions in lieu of per- 
sonal service. (Art. II.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Payment of taxes, charges, imposts or contributions of every 
description (Art. I, 7.) 

(b) An}^ forced loans or military requisitions and contributions in- 
cumbent on possession or occupation of landed property in either 
country, (Art. II.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocall}^ pledged in regard to : 

(a) Right of citizens of either country to travel and reside in the 
other. (Art. I. 1.) 

(b) Exercise of any lavrful comn:ierce or industry in either country^ 
singly or jointly with nationals or other foreigners. (Art. I, 1-2.) 

(c) Right to possess, rent, and occupy houses, factories, ware- 
houses, shops, and other premises, and to lease lands for residential^ 
commercial, industrial, or other lawful uses. (Art. I, 4.) 

(d) Disposal in am^ manner of all kinds of property lawfully ac- 
quired in either country: including export of proceeds if sold, and 
all duties or charges relating thereto. (Art I, 5.) 

(e) All that concerns warehousing facilities, bounties, and draw- 
backs. (Art. I, 8.) 

(/) All rights and privileges concerning administration of justice^ 
with special reference to security and protection of persons and prop- 
erty and access to courts, in person or otherwise. (Art. I, 6.) 

(g) Exemption of dwellings and other premises from domiciliary 
visits or search, and of books, papers, or accounts from inspection or 
examination, except under conditions and with legal forms applying 
to citizens of the country. (Art. III.) 

(A) Any internal dues levied in either country on production^ 
manufacture, or consumption must not, for any reason, be higher or 
bear more heavily on iinported products of the other country than on 
similar articles of domestic origin. (Art. X.) 

IV. Other provisions. 



JAPAX AND VNITED STATiCS OF ATvIERK^A. 689 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tar}' service by land or sea, from all contributions in substitution 
therefor, and from all forced loans and military requisitions or con- 
tributions, except those incumbent in either country on landed prop- 
erty. (Art II.) 

(h) Products of either country' passing through territories of the 
other are exempt from, all transit dues, whether going straight 
through or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Commercial, industrial, and financial companies and associ- 
ations duly constituted in either country are authorized to exercise 
their rights in the other conformabljj^ to, its laws, with special refer- 
ence to actions in courts of justice. (Art. XIII.) 

V. Exceptions. — -The stipulations of this treaty do not apply to: 
{a) Tariff concessions accorded by either country to bordering 

States to facilitate local traffic within a limited zone on either side 

of the boundary. (Art. XV.) 

(h) Products of national fisheries of either country, (Art. XV.) 
(c) Special tariff favors accorded by Japan in regard to fish and 

other aquatic products taken in foreign waters near Japan. (Art. XV.) 

VI. Application to colonies, etc. — The provisions of this treaty 
apply to all territories and possessions belonging to, or administered 
by, either country. (Art. XV.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Japan with the United States of America have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under America, United States 
of, Nos. 33 and 34. 



■fo'i 'Torf. 



■jiiir 


Liii: 


> -T^ 


rftr: 




Hi.hj -J 




ivrirr 



\ 



LIBERIA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Italy. 

Treaties of Liberia with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 35. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 77. 
Belgium, No. 107. 
Denmark, No. 266. 
France. No. 292. 



Germany, Nos. 314 and 322. 
Great Britain (under British 

Empire), No. 168. 
Italy, No. 357. 



Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 

No. 387. 

Treaty of commfierce and navigation between Lihe7%a and Sweden and 
Norway. 

SIGNED 1 Sept., 1863, at London. Effective from 27 July. 1804. for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated bv 12 months' notice from e.ther partv. (Art. 
XI.) 

TEXT: English, B. F. S. P. 101:466-9: Sweden Tr. 1910:862-4; Norwegian, 
Norway Tr. 1914 : 115-18. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting any favor, preference, or 
immunity which either country may grant to subjects of any other 
State in matters of commerce and navigation. (Art. VII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Eight of subjects of either country to reside and trade in any 
part of the other, and all other rights or privileges conceded to for- 
eigners in either country. (Art. III.) 

{h) Admission of Liberian vessels to colonies of Sweden and Nor- 
way, except the coasting trade, and intercourse between Sweden and 
Norway and the colonies. (Art. IV.) 

{c) Any prohibitions or duties imposed by either country against 
merchandise imported from the other in vessels of any nationality, or 
imported in ships of the other from any port. (Art. V.) 

{d) Exportation of products of either country by merchants of the 
other, or in ships of the other. (Art. V.) 

(e) Protection and privileges accorded by either country to con- 
sular officials, as regards their persons and exercise of their official 
duties. (Art. VIII.) 

690 



I 



LHiKTUA AXI) UXTTEI) STATES OF AMERICA. 691 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to : 

(a) Possession, disposal, and transmission of, or succession to, per- 
sonal property of every description, by will or otherwise, and all 
taxes or imposts relating thereto. (Art. III.) 

(h) Duties on tonnage of importation, and all charges or taxes of 
an}^ kind imposed by either country on ships of the other and goods 
imported or exported therein, except the coasting trade of both 
countries and intercourse between Sweden and Norway and the 
colonies. (Art. IV.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) The slave trade is prohibited and declared criminal by both 
parties. 

(h) Subjects of either country to enjoy in the other complete 
freedom in buying or selling without limitations or restrictions from 
monopolies, contracts, or other exclusive privileges of purchase or 
sale. (Art. III.) 

(c) Subjects of either country to enjoy religious liberty in the 
other and full protection for persons and property. (Art. III.) 

(d) Assistance and protection to vessels of either country seeking 
refuge in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Either country may, by statute law, restrict the vessels and the 
exports or imports belonging to subjects of the other to its regularly 
constituted ports of entry. (Art. X.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Liberia with the United States have been previously 
dealt with under America, United States of, No. 35. 
54083—22 45 



LUXEMBURG.^^^ 
MEXICO. 

Treaties with Belgium to Japan. 

Treaties of Mexico with the folloAving countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



Belgium, No. 108. 
China, No. 236. 
Denmark, No. 267. 
Ecuador, No. 282. 
France, No. 293. 
Germany, No. 323. 



Great Britain (under British 

Empire). No. 169. 
Honduras, No. 353. 
Italy, No. 358. 
Japan, No. 375. 



Treaty with the Netherlands. 
No. 388. 



Treaty of commerce and navigation- hetween Mexico and the Nether- 
lands. 

SIGNED 22 Sept.. 1897. at Mexico. Katifications exehan.iied tbere 12 July, 
1899. Effective from 12 Oct.. 1899, for five years, and thereafter terminable 
oil 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XVII.) 

TEXT : Spanish, Mexico Tr. V g. 2 : 85-92 ; Dutch and Spanish, Lagemans 
14: 3-11; English (transl.) E. F. S. P. 89: 610-14: Martens 83: 185-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (includ- 
ing Dutch colonies, but subject to exceptions noted below) respect- 
ing all privileges, exemptions, and favors relating to commerce, 
navigation, industry, or taxes. (Art. VIII.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) All matters save those in respect to which national treatment 
is reciprocally pledged by Article I of this treaty, as noted below 
tinder HI a; subject, however, to not derogating from the legal dis- 
tinctions between persons of western and those of eastern origin in 
the Dutch possessions of the Eastern Archipelago. (Art. I.) 

(I)) Conditions and duties of whatever kind imposed by either 
countrj^ on importation of products of the other, and on merchan- 
dise coming from the other, except the exemption from import duties 
granted to native States of the Eastern Archipelago on their produce 
imported into Dutch colonies. (Art. 11.) 

{c) All matters concerning transit and navigation, including treat- 
ment of vessels and cargoes, except privileges granted in the Dutch 
colonies to native States of the Eastern Archipelago. (Arts. Ill 
and V.) 

163 See page 546, note 128. 
692 



MEXICO AND NICARAGUA. 693 

{(i) Any prohibit iorns or restrictions established by either country 
against the other regarding importation or exportation, except in 
connection Avith \\ai\ and except sanitary measures to prevent spread 
of epizootic diseases and destruction of crops. (Art. IV.) 

(e) All rights, privileges, and immunities extended to diplomatic 
and consular agents by either country. (Arts. XI-XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged regarding protection in all matters relating to 
ownership of trade or commercial marks. (Art. VII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Exercise of commerce and industry, payment of taxes, and 
acquisition or disposal of all kinds of personal property, subject, how- 
ever, to not derogating from the legal distinctions betw^een persons 
of w^estern and those of eastern origin in the Dutch possessions in the 
Eastern Archipelago. (Art. I.) 

(h) Freedom of conscience and religion, subject to the constitution 
and laws of the country. (Art. IX.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Limit of territorial waters on coasts of either country, for 
purposes of customhouse regulations and prevention of smuggling 
(but for no other purpose) to be 20 kilometers from the limit of low^- 
water mark. (Art. VI.) 

(h) Ample and constant protection to each other's citizens and 
their houses or property, but no indemnifications can be claimed for 
losses sustained during insurrections, civil war, or othjsr disorders in 
either country, except where there has been fault or want of vigi- 
lance on the part of the Government concerned, (xlrt. X.) 

(c) Xonintervention by diplomatic representatives in matters 
within jurisdiction of the civil or criminal courts, except in case of 
denial of justice or evident violation of existing treaties or of princi- 
ples of international law. (Art. XVI.) 

(d) Arbitration of differences concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this treaty. (A^rt. XV.) 

(e) Detailed provision concerning arrest and return of seamen de- 
serters. (Art. XIV.) 

Treaty with Nicaragua. 

Xo. 389. 

Ti^eaty of commerce and navigation hetioeeii Mexico and Nicaragua. 

SIGNED 6 Nov., IWO, at Mex co. Ratfieations exc-hanged there 11 Jniy;. 
1903. Effect ve from 11 A112:., 1903, and thereafter terminahle oq six jtuoiitiis" 
notice fioii) e ther party. (Art. XIV.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Nicaragua Conv. Int. 1913:3-9; Mexico Tr. Vig! 2:59-04: 
Martens 81:23-6; English (trans!.). B. F. S. P. 94 :, 1313-15 ;. F reach (fransl.), 
^Martens 83 : 251-4. • • ■ •' ' ' • a^su 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms regarding all privileges, exemptions, and favors, in mat- 



694 MEXICO A^^D NICARAGUA. 

ters of commerce, navigation, industry, and taxes (Art. VII) ; and 
in all other matters save those in respect to which national treatment 
is reciprocally pledged by this treaty (Art. I). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Any duties or conditions of whatever kind imposed by either 
country on importation of products of the other, or of any merchan- 
dise coming from the other. (Art. II.) 

(h) All matters concerning transit, exportation, or navigation, 
and all operations relating to salvage of vessels. (Art. III.) 

(c) Any prohibitions or restrictions established by either country 
against the other regarding importation or exportation; except sani- 
tary measures to prevent spread of epizootic diseases or destruction 
of crops, and measures of war. (Art. IV.) 

(d) All rights, privileges, and immunities accorded to diplomatic 
and consular agents by either country. (Art. X.) 

(e) Consular administration of estates of their deceased nationals. 
(Art. XL) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged regarding protection of each other "s citizens in all 
that relates to ownership of trade or mercantile marks. (Art. VI.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general term? in 
all that concerns exercise of commerce and industry, payment of 
taxes, and the right to acquire and dispose of all kinds of personal 
property by purchase, sale, donation, exchange, will, or succession ab 
intestato. (Art. I.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either State possessing professional titles valid 
in their OAvn country may exercise their profession in the other, so 
far as permitted by its laws. (Art. VI.) 

(h) Limit of territorial waters of either country (for enforce- 
nfient of customs regulations and prevention of smuggling) to be 20 
kilometers from the line of low water. (Art. V.) 

(c) Citizens of either country to enjoy complete freedom of con- 
science in the other, and right to practice their religion in the manner 
permitted by the constitution and laws of the country. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Protection of each other's citizens as regards their persons, 
houses, and property; but neither Government to be responsible for 
losses sustained by citizens of the other during insurrection or civil 
vvar, except in case of fault or neglect on the part of authorities con- 
cerned. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execution 
of this treaty. (Art. XII.) 



MEXICO AND RUSSIA. 695 

(/) Diplomatic representatives not to intervene officially in mat- 
ters Avithin jurisdiction of the courts, except in case of denial of jus- 
tice, or of evident violation of treaties, or of principles of interna- 
tional laAv. (Art. XIII.) 

Treaty with Norway. 

See Sweden and Norway, No. 392. 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 390. 

Treaty of friendship and commerce hetween Mexico and Persia. 

SIGNED 14 :May, 1902, nt AVashin.eton. Effective from 12 May, 1903 for 
indefinite term, subject to tej-mination (m 12 months' notice by either party. 
(Art. VI.) 

TEXT: French (authentic), B. F. S. P. 96:173-5; Spanish, Mexico Tr. 
Vi^^ 2 : 10.5-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting all rights, liberties, favors, and immunities 
which either country ma}^ accord as regards persons or property to the 
subjects or citizens of any other nation. (Art. III.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Admission of diplomatic and consular officers, and all rights, 
privileges, favors, immunities, and exemptions accorded to them in 
either country. (Art. II.) 

(6) All duties imposed by either country on products of the 
other, whether on importation, consumption, warehousing, reexpor- 
tation, or transit. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Any prohibitions imposed by either country against the other 
regarding importation or exportation of any article whatever; ex- 
cept : 

(1) Special measures for sanitary purposes or to prevent propa- 
gation of epizootic diseases and destruction of crops. 

(2) Measures connected with war. (Art. IV.) 

II. Other provisions. — Arbitration of any difficulties arising be- 
tween the two countries which are capable of a peaceful settlement. 
(Art. V.) 

Treaty with Russia.'"" 

No. 391. 

Convention heticeen Mexico and Russia regarding commercial rela- 
tions and coasting trade. 

SIGNED 2 Oct., 1909. at St. Petersburg. Ratifications exchanged there 27 
Apr., 1910. Effective from 27 June, 1910. until 31 Dec, 1917, and thereafter 
until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. lY.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 684-5 ; Martens 90 : 600-1. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprbcally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) with regard to im- 

"^«^ See p. 757, note 195. 



696 MEXICO AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY, 

port and export tariffs, customs formalities, transit and tonna<j^e 
duties, and with re^^ard to admission and treatment of diplomatic 
^nd consular officers and of citizens and vessels of either country in 
the territory of the other. (Art. I.) 

II. Exceptions, — The provisions of this convention do not ap- 
ply to : 

(a) Favors which either country may grant to bordering States to 
facilitate local traffic in the frontier zone. (Art. II a.) 

(h) Stipulations regarding commercial relations of Russia with 
the States and bordering countries of Asia. (Art. II h.) 

(c) Favors which Russia may grant to inhabitants of the District 
of Archangel concerning importation or exportation, or regarding 
trade with the northern and eastern coasts of Siberia. But imports 
from Mexico into these territories are entitled to the benefit of all 
customs facilities extended to any European State, or to the United 
States of America. (xVrt. Ill a.) 

(d) The coasting trade of both countries, which is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. (Art. Ill h.) 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 
No. 392. 

Treaty of comm-erce and navigation hetween Mexico and Sweden and 
Norway^ as amended hy protocol of 15 Dec.^ 1885}'^^ 

SIGNED 29 July, :1885, at ISIexico. Effe(•ti^'e from 20 Aiij>-.. 1886, for :!0 ypars, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from eitlier party. (Art. 
XXVIII.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 76:197-208; Sweden Tr. 1910:883-92; Spanish, 
Mexico Tr, Vig. 2 : 65-83 ; Norwegian. Norway Tr. 1914 : 12.5-37. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting an}^ privilege, favor, or immunity which either 
countr}' mav accord in matters of navigation or commerce. (Art. 
XI.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Right to enter with ships and cargoes all ports, places, and 
rivers open to foreign commerce in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) All duties and formalities imposed on merchant vessels oi 
either country loading or discharging foreign cargo at different ports 
of the other on' the same voyage ; but coasting trade is excepted. 
(Art. III.) 

{c) Any concessions or favors which either country may grant in 
respect to its coasting trade, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. III.) 

{d) All duties, imposts, charges, or emoluments of any kind levied 
on ships of either country in ports of the other for tonnage, light- 

165 French, Martens 63 : 681-94. 



MEXICO AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 697 

house, pilotage, quarantine, salvage, or assistance in case of damage 
or shipwreck. (Art. IV.) 

(e) Facilities to be conceded in ports of either country to steam- 
ships of the other maintaining a periodical service between the two 
countries. (Art. V.) 

(/) Application of stipulated limit of territorial waters of either 
country for purposes other than those stated below under 111 d. 
(Art. VII.) 

(g) Importation and exportation. Any objects of commerce which 
may be lawfully imported into or exported and reexported from 
either ct)untry in vessels of any foreign country may likewise be im- 
ported, exported, or reexported in ships of the other, from whatever 
place arriving and for any destination, without paying other or 
higher duties than when carried in vessels of any foreign country. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(A) Any duties which either country may impose on importation, 
reexportation, or transit of products of the other. (Art. IX.) 

(^) Any duties imposed by either country on exportation of any 
merchandise to the other. (Art. IX.) 

(j) Any prohibitions established by either country against the 
otlier regarding importation, exportation, or transit of merchandise. 
(Art. IX.) 

' (k) Ports, rivers, and localities in either country where warships 
•^of the other may enter. (Art. XIV.) >U\mti<^ 

(l) All favors and privileges which either country may accord to 
diplomatic agents. (Art. XXI.) 

(?n) Admission of consular officers and all privileges, rights, and 
exemptions conceded to them by either country. (Art. XXII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in general terms 
respecting all civil rights established by law in either country, unless 
otherwise provided by this treaty. (Art. XIX.) 

National treatment is further reciprocally pledged in regard to: 

(a) Assistance and protection to be giA^en to vessels of either 
country wrecked or damaged on coasts or in waters of the other, and 
payment of salvage or other expenses incidental thereto. (Art. 
XIII.) ^^H. fo tmii'nbd'iv^ 

{i>) All riglits and conditions concerning acquisition and posses- 
sion of personal property in either country. (Art. XVI.) 

(c) All liberties, rights, and obligations concerning disposal of, 
or succession to, property in either country, by will or otherwise in 
any manner, and all conditions or formalities relating thereto, in- 
cluding any duties or restrictions on exportation of property or of 
proceeds, if sold. (Art. XVI.) 



698 MEXICO AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

(d) Protection of citizens of either country residing in the other, 
as regards their persons, dwellings, and property, with special refer- 
ence to observance of conditions and legal forms relating to arrest, 
detention, and domiciliary visits by officials of either country. (Art. 
XVII.) 

(e) Access to courts of justice in either country, and right to 
employ advocates or other agents therein; and any imposts, restric- 
tions, or conditions relating thereto. (Art. XVII.) 

(/) Any taxes, contributions, or charges imposed by either coun- 
try on subjects or citizens of the other, except hunting licenses and 
fees of commercial traA^elers payable in Sweden and Norway by 
all foreigners, and analogous contributions which Mexico reserves 
the right to impose. (Art. XVIII.) 

{{/) Any military charges, requisitions, contributions, or forced 
loans imposed on landed property in either country. (Art. XVIII.) 

(h) Charges or obligations, of any kind imposed by either coun- 
try on property or merchandise belonging to citizens of the other 
in case of war between the two countries. (Art XX.) 

IIL Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country may reside in any part of the 
other, and may hire and occupy houses, stores, and other premises 
for purpose of wholesale or retail commerce on condition of ob- 
serving the laAvs and regulations of the country. (Art. II.) 

(b) Tonnage dues payable b}^ vessels of either country in ports 
of the other (as defined) shall be calculated on tonnage shown by 
ships' papers. (Art. IV.) 

(c) In all matters concerning police of the ports, loading and 
unloading of vessels, and protection of merchandise, citizens of 
either country are subject to the laws and regulations in force. 
(Art. VII.) 

(d) Limit of territorial waters on coasts of either country (for 
all purposes concerning application of customs regulations and pre- 
vention of smuggling) to be three sea leagues from the line of Ioav 
tide. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Merchant vessels of either nation in ports and territorial 
waters of the other are subject to the jurisdiction of the country 
in matters concerning crimes or offenses committed on board by 
or against persons who do not belong to the crew, or as between 
members of the crew in case the peace of the port is disturbed there- 
by. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Exemption of vessels from tonnage dues in ports of either 
country under conditions stated. (Art. X.) 



MEXICO AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 699 

{(/) Extensive and detailed provisions cojicernin<^ assistance and 
protection to citizens and vessels of either country seeking refuge 
from damage or shipwreck in ports or territories of the other. 
(Arts. XII, XIII.) 

(A) Warships of either country are not subject to jurisdiction 
of the other, even in its territorial waters, except observance of port 
and fiscal regulations, and measures of sanitary police. (Art. XIV.) 
. . (i) Acquisition and possession of real property are subject to the 
laws of each country. Citizens of either country inheriting landed 
property in the other, if; unable to hold it as aliens, are given three 
years to dispose of the same. (Art. XVI.) 

(;*) Both countries reserve the right to exclude or expel from their 
territories an}^ persons who because of their evil life and conduct are 
deemed undesirable. (Art. XVII.) 

(k) Judicial commissions of either country shall be executed in 
the other in accordance with its laws if transmitted through diplo- 
matic channels. (Art. XVII.) 

(I) Complete liberty of conscience and of religious worship in 
either country, on condition of observing the laws. (Art. XVII.) 

{?7i) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
compulsor}^ military service by land or sea, and from all contribu- 
tions in substitution therefor ; except police functions for protection 
of propert}^ or preservation of public order. (Art. XVIII.) 

(n) Ships and other properties of citizens of either country are 
exempt in the other from seizure or detention for military expeditions 
or an}^ public service whatever, without just indemnification allowed 
in advance. (Art. XVIII.) 

(o) In cases where laws of either country impose restrictions or 
incapacities on citizens of the other with regard to exercise of civil 
rights, similar restrictions may be imposed by the other country on 
citizens of the former. (Art. XIX.) 

(p) Each nation reserves the right to impose restrictions on liber- 
ties regarding exercise of civil rights by citizens of the other, in cases 
where similar restrictions are imposed on its own citizens by the laws 
of the other country. (Art. XIX.) 

(q) In case of war between the two countries, citizens of either re- 
siding in the other may continue their business or employment with- 
out interruption so long as the}^ behave peaceably and observe the 
laws of the country, their property of every description to be exempt 
from sequestration or confiscation. In case they prefer to leave the 
country they shall be free to arrange for security or disposal of their 
property and be given safe conduct to a port of their own selection. 
(Art. XX.) 



700 MEXICO AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 

(r) Diplomatic representatives not to intervene officially in matters 
within the jurisdiction of the courts, except for denial of justice, or 
for violation of treaties or principles of international law. Neither 
Government to be responsible for injuries or exactions suffered by 
foreigners from insurgents or rebels during insurrection or civil war, 
except in case of fault or neglect on the part of the authorities con- 
cerned. (Art. XXI.) 

(s) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or execution 
of this treaty. (Art. XXVI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The coasting trade is reserved by both countries 
for their respective national vessels exclusively. (Art. III.) 



MONACO. 

Treaties with France. 

Treaties of Monaco with France haA^e been previously dealt wi^ 
in this volume under France, No. 294. 

MONTENEGRO. 

Treaties with Austria-Hungary to Italy. 

Treaties of Montenegro with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 
Austria-Hungar\^, No. 78. 
Bulgaria, Xo. 213. 

Egypt (under British Empire), No. 207. 
France. Xo. 295. 

Germany. Xo. 324. , i .;-- . . l /..i 

Great Britain (under British Empire), Xo. l70:!-h9iovBW«oM 
Greece, No. 341. .,_,._^^_^. ^ 

Italy, Xo. 359. 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 
Xo. 393. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Montenegro and 
the Netherlands. '" ' ' ^^ ';*. ' - 

SIGNED 8 Dec, 1908. Effective from 19 April, 1910, subject to termination 
on one year"? notice from either party. (Art. IV.) 

TEXT: Dutch and French, Lageman.s ]7:40-2; French, Martens S9:883-i; 
B. F. S. P. 101 : 1039-40. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocalh^ and unre- 
servedly assured in either country (including the Dutch colonies 
and possessions), to subjects of the other, and to merchandise of any 
kind coming from the other (Art. I-II) ; subject, however, to the 
following exceptions : 

{a) Special favors accorded to the nations of the Dutch East 
Indian Archipelago. (Art. III-<2.) 

ifi) Concessions accorded by either country to bordering States to 
facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. III-Z).) 

II. Other provisions. — Any differences concerning interpretation 
or application of this convention are to be submitted to arbitration of 
the permanent court at the Hague. (Art. Y.) 

701 



702 MONTENEGEO AND SEEB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 394. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetioeen M ontenegro and Ru- 
mania. 

SIGNED 7 Oct. 1911, at Cetinje. Ratifications exchanged 7 Jan., 1912. Du- 
ration indefinite, subject to termination by either party on 12 montlis' notice. 
(Art. III.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 105 : 743-4 ; Martens 93 : 312-3. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms with regard to commercial relations between the two coun- 
tries, with special reference to admission and treatment of subjects 
and vessels of either country in the other, customs tariffs on importa- 
tion and exportation, customs formalities, transit, tonnage^ or other 
duties (Art. I), except favors which either country may accord to 
'other bordering States to facilitate local traffic (Art. II). 

Treaty with Russia.''' 
No. 395. 

Treaty of commerce and navigatio?i hetween Montenegro and Russia. 

SIGNED 15 Dec, 1909, at Cetinje. Duration indefinite, subject to termina- 
tion by either party on 12 months' notice. (Art. III.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 694-5 ; Martens 90 : 629-30. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms with regard to commercial relations between the two coun- 
tries, with special reference to admission and treatment of agents, 
subjects, and vessels of either country in the other; customs tariffs 
on importation and exportation; customs formalities; and transit, 
tonnage, or other duties (Art. I), except: 

{a) Favors which either country may accord to other bordering 
States to facilitate local traffic. 

{h) Favors regarding importation or exportation which Russia 
may accord to inhabitants of the Province of Archangel, or regard- 
ing the north and east coasts of Siberia. 

(c) Special stipulations in the treaty of 8 May, 1838, between 
Eussia and Sweden and Norway. 

{d) Stipulations relating to commerce with Asiatic States and 
countries bordering on Eussia. (Art. II.) 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State.'*' 
No. 396. 

Treaty of commerce hetween Montenegro and Serbia. 

SIGNED 14 Jan., 1905, at Cetinje. Effective from 15 Apr., 1907, until termi- 
nated by either partv on 12 montlis' notice. (Art V.) 

TEXT: French (transl.), B. F. S. P. 101: 491-3; German, Martens 88: 853-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects of either country in the other; with special 

i«« See p. 757, note 195. 
1*7 See p. 771, liote 197. 



MO^'TEXEGRO AND TURKEY. 703 

reference to am- facility, assistance, or commercial advantages which 
either paiiy may accord to subjects of any other nation. (Ai*t. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) Eight of subjects of either country to exercise industries, pro- 
fessions, and wholesale or retail commerce in the other; with special 
reference to commercial undertakings; transportation; receiving con- 
signments; establishing warehouses and stores; acquisition and dis- 
posal of real or personal property; and payment of taxes, imposts, 
or charges relating to any of these. (Art. III.) 

(i>) Import and other duties payable in either countr}^ on products 
of the other, except dried fish (''saraga") imported from Montenegro. 
(Art. IV and Annex A.) 

XL National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to pro- 
tection and security of persons and property of "subjects of either 
country traveling or residing in the other. (Art. II.) 

III. Other provisions. — Serbia agrees to admit dried fish from 
Montenegro free of import duties, and subject only to a consump- 
tion duty of 6 francs per 100 kilograms. (Art. TV.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 39 7. 

Commercial entente between Montenegro and Sioitzerland. 

SIGNED 31 Dec, 1910, at Rome. Effective from 1 July, 1911, until termi- 
nated by one year's notice from either party. (Art. II.) 

TEXT: French and German, Martens 91:550-1; French, B. F. S. P. 103: 
592-3. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in general 
terms to citizens and products of either country in matters of com- 
merce and customs. (Art. I.) 

Treaty with Turkey. 
No. 398. 

G om/m^TcinL convention between Montenegro and Turkey. 

SIGNED 4 Mar., 1909. at Cetinje. Effective from 18 June, 1910, until ter- 
minated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. II.) 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 695 ; Martens 90 : 454. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in matters 
of commerce to products of either country in the other : with special 
reference to importation, exportation, transit, and rates of customs 
duties. (Art» I.) 



MOROCCO. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to British Empire. 

Treaties of Morocco Avith the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under: 
America, United States of. No. 36. 
Austria-Hungary. Xo. 79. 
Belgium. No. 109. 
Great Britain (under British Empire), Nos. ITI and 172. 

MUSCAT. 
Treaties with America, United States of, to France. 

Treaties of Muscat Avith the f{ ilowing countries have been pre- 
viously dealt Avith in this volume imder : 
America, United States of, No. 37. 

France, No. 296. 

Great Britain (under British Empire), No. 173. 

Treaty with the Netherlands. 

No. 399. 

heclaration for development of coinmercial relations heticeen Muscat 
and the N ether'lands. 

SIGNED 7 Apr., 1877, at the Hague, and 27 Aug., 1877. at Muscat. 

TEXT: French, Lagemans 7:274; B. F. S. P. 68:36-7; M.-irtens 54:352-3. 

Most-favored-nation treatment. — In consideration of the most- 
favored-nation treatment granted in the Netherlands and its colonies 
to the subjects of Muscat, most-favored-nation treatment is pledged 
in the teiTitory of the Sultan of Muscat to Netherland subjects and 
vessels (Art^ 1)., jvith special reference to import duties levied in 
ei'tlief ' C'5u'ntr5^' dii'^merchandise imported from the other (Art. 2), 
and all matters relating to exportation from or transit through either 
country (Art. 3). 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Muscat with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 37. 

704 



NETHERLANDS. 



Treaties with America, United States of, to Muscat- 
Treaties of the Netherlands with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under: 



America, United States of, No. 38. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 80. 
Belgium, No. 110. 
Bulgaria, No. 214. 
China, No. 237. 
Colombia, No. 250. 
France, Nos. 297 and 298. 
Germanv. No. 325. 



Great Britain (under British 

Empire), Nos. 174 and 175. 
Greece, No. 342. 
Italy, No. 360. 
Japan, No. 376. 
Mexico, No. 388. 
Montenegro. No. 393. 
Muscat, No. 399. 



Treaty with Norway. 



Xo. 400. 



Treaty of commerce and navigation heticeen the Netherlands and 
Norway. 

SIGNED 20 May, 1912. at ("lu'istiaiiia. Etrective from 2:: Aui^.. 191M. i-til 
terminated by 12 months' not ce from either party. Replaces the treaty of 
25 Sept., 1847, and the declaratious of 29 Tklay, 1847, and 29 Nov., 1856. (Art. X.) 

TEXT: French, Breukelman 18: 103-7: IMart^ns 94: 420-4: B. F. S. P. 107: 
1022-6; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914:145-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below) to subjects of either country, including 
Dutch colonies and possessions (Art. I), with special reference to: 

((7-) Treatment by either countr}^ of products of the other, and of 
any merchandise coming from the other but produced in a country 
enjoying most-favored-nation treatment. (Art. II.) 

(&) Any concessions or privileges accorded by either country in 
respect to its coasting trade. (Art. III.) 

{c) All privileges, powers, and exemptions accorded to consular 
officers in either country, except in Dutch colonies and possessions 
(Art. VII), on condition of reciprocity (Art. V). 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged by either country 
to ships of the other in every respect and in all circumstances, except 
the coasting trade, which is regulated in both countries by their re- 
spective lav>^s. (Art. III.) 

705 



706 ]!^ETHERLANDS AND PERSIA. 

III. Other provisions relate to : 

(a) Arrest and return of seamen deserters. (Art. VI.) 

(h) Disputes concerning interpretation or application of this 

treaty to be submitted for arbitration to the permanent court at The 

Hague. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation provisions noted under I 
a-h above do not apply to : 

(a) Concessions resulting from a customs union. (Art. VII.) 

(b) Concessions granted to bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic. (Art. VII.) 

(c) Special concessions granted by Norway to Sweden. (Art. VII.) 

Treaty with Persia. 
No. 401. 

Treaty of friendsMp mid commerce hettoeen the Netherlands and 
Persia, 

SIGNED 3 .July, 1857, at Paris. Effective indefinitely, subject to termination 
on one year's notice from either party. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : French, Lagemans 4 : 817-19 ; B. F. S. P. 47 : 516-18 ; Persian, Persia 
Tr. 1908:248-53. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
gard to : 

{a) Eeception and treatment by either country of ambassadors or 
ministers from the other, and all prerogatives or immunities relating 
thereto. (Art. II.) 

{h) Protection and treatment by either country of subjects of the 
other, in all respects, with special reference to travelers, merchants, 
and manufacturers. (Art. III.) 

{c) Duties levied by either country on ships of the other, and on 
merchandise imported or exported by subjects of the other; except 
special favors accorded by the Dutch East Indian colonies exclusively 
to Asiatic nations of the Eastern Archipelago, regarding importation 
of their products, or their exportations. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Prerogatives, privileges, and immunities accorded to consular 
officers by either country. (Art. V.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Eight of subjects of either country to import or export any 
articles into or from the other, by land or sea, and to buy, sell, ex- 
change, or transport the same throughout the territories of either 
nation; subject in matters of internal commerce to the laws of the 
country. (Art. III.) 

{h) Right of either country to appoint three consuls in the other. 
to reside at places named. (Art. V.) 



NETHERLANDS AND PORTTCAL. 707 

Treaty with Portugal. 
No. 402. 

Commercial declaration hetween the Nertherlands and Portugal. 

SKtXED 5 .July, 1894. Katificati'ons exchanged 22 May, 1896. Terminable 
by either party on 12 months' notice, or on 3 months' notice in the event of 
fiscal discrimination by the Netherlands ag:ainst Portuguese \vines, or unfavor- 
able treatment of Dutch commerce and navigation in Portuguese cohmies. 
(Art. VIII.) 

TEXT: French. Lagemans 12: 121-6: B. F. S. P. 86:628-81; ^Fai'tens 72: 
591-3: French and Portuguese (transl.). Portugal Tr. 9:323-9. 

I. Most -favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
reference to indirect importation, transit, exportation, reexportation, 
and navigation. (Art. IV.) n. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Duties imposed by the Netherlands on direct importation of 
l^roducts of Portugal, Madeira, Porto-Santo, and Azores (Art. Ill), 
and on products of Portuguese colonies imported from Portugal 
(Protocol, a). .■ 

(b) Duties levied in Portugal and the islands named on direct im- 
portation of products of the Netherlands listed in Table A annexed 
to this agreement (Art. 11), and on Dutch colonial products imported 
from the Netherlands (Protocol, a). 

{c) Treatment of commercial establishments of either nationality 
established in colonies of the other, and of navigation enterprises of 
either coimtry having relations.; already established ^vith, colonies of 
the other. (Protocol, c.) (oiihhi, ■ /i^nUru, 

II. Other provisions. 1.1 n .:hA) .7ri9<io'iq j>!^DriKi k) m 

(a) Specified duties to be levi'ed in Portugal and adjacfent ishmds 
on direct importations of products of the Netherlands, and on prod- 
ucts of Dutch colonies imported from the Netherlands, are listed in 
Table A annexed to this declaration. (Art. I and Annex A.) 

(h) Both countries reserve complete liberty of action as regards 
future regulation of their colonial relations, except stipulations of 
the agreement of 10 June, 1893,^*^^ concerning their possessions in the 
archipelago of Timor and Solor. (Protocol, c.) 

III. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation treatment provisions of 
this declaration do not include : 

(a) The concessions or favors accorded by Portugal exclusively to 
Spain or Brazil. (Art. YI.) 

(b) Favors concerning navigation accorded by treaties of Portugal 
to the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. (Pro- 
tocol, b.) 

(c) Arbitration of differences concerning interpretation or execu- 
tion of this agreement and of any other questions arising between the 

108 French. B. F. S. P. 85 : 394-6. 
54083—22 46 



708 NETHERLANDS AND KUSSIA. 

two countries, except matters touching their independence or au- 
tonomy. (Art. VII and exchange of notes.) 

Treaty with Rumania. 
No. 403. 

Convention of commerce hetween the Netherlands and Ruinania. 

SIGNED 15 Mar., 1899, at the Hague. liatificatioiis exchanged there 22 Dec. 
1899. Terminable by one year's not.ce from either party. (Art. Y.) 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 92 : 390-1 ; Martens 83 : 211-12. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment of the citizens, vessels, and 
products of either country is reciprocally pledged respecting all privi- 
leges, immunities, favors, or advantages of any kind; subject to speci- 
fied laws regarding commerce, industries, or public safety applying 
to all foreigners in either country. (Arts. I, II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to: 

{a) Duties levied by either country on importation of products of 
the other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, transit^ 
or reexportation. (Art. II.) 

{h) Duties imposed by either country on exports to the other. 
(Art. II.) 

{c) All matters relating to transit. (Art. II.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) All merchandise passing to or from either country is exempt 
from all transit duties in the other. (Art. II.) ' 1 >'>fi?.f i 

{h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all military services 
and extraordinary charges or requisitions, except those incumbent 
on possession of landed property. (Art. III.) vMO 

{c) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation, application^ 
or execution of the provisions of this treaty. (Art. VI.) 

III. Application to colonies. — The most-favored-nation provisions 
of this treaty (noted above under I) apply to the Dutch colonies 
and possessions, it being understod that this does not aifect the legal 
distinctions betw^een persons of western and eastern origin, nor the 
freedom from import duties and coasting trade privileges accorded 
to Asiatic nations of the Eastern Archipelago. (Art. I¥i)v;.v<^ii' , d; 

Treaty with Russia.- ToH"9'>v:flr .^H 

No. 404. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetiveen the Netherlands and 
Russia. 

SIGNED 13 Sept., 1S46, at the Hague. Effective from 30 Oct., 1846, for 10 
years, and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party 
(Art. XYII.) 

TEXT: French, Tvaueman^'. 3:194-202: B. F. S. P. 35:266-75; Dutch, 
Staatsbl. 1846, No. 62. 'i ^^>'>fieT)Mh 1t> ffoilf 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is ' reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 

^'^•' See p. 757, note 195. 



NETHERLANDS AND RUSSIA. 709 

respecting any privileges, immunities, or other favors which either 
country may accord to subjects of any other State in matters of com- 
merce, customs, and nagivation. (Arts. II and XI.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further pledged in regard to : 

(a) Freedom of commerce and navigation for subjects and vessels 
of either country in all parts of the other open to foreign commerce 
and navigation (Art. I), with special reference to access, with ships 
and cargoes, to all ports and landing places. (Art. II.) 

(h) All duties, taxes, or imposts under whatever name, payable by 
subjects of either country on exercise of commerce and industry in 
the other. (Art. II.) 

((?) Treatment of Kussian products on importation into Nether- 
land colonies, and of Russian vessels arriving in those colonies from 
wdiatever port, Avith special reference to any advantages or favors 
accorded in Dutch colonies to vessels and prodi^cts of any other Euro- 
pean nation. (Art. VII, 4.) \rni 'dU>- 

(d) Treatment of Russian vessels wdth regard to any advantage 
concerning indirect navigation which Netherlands may accord to 
vessels of any other country, subject to abolition of special conces- 
sions noted below under III c. (Art. VII, 4.) 

(e) Any duties or prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation of products of the other. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Any duties or prohibitions which either country may impose 
on exportation of its products to the other, or on transit of products 
of either country through the other. (Art. XL) 

(g) All privileges, powers, and exemptions accorded to consular 
officers in either country. (Art. XIV.) 

XL National treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject to excep- 
tions noted below) with regard to: 

(a) Protection and security of persons and property of subjects of 
either country traveling, residing, or conducting business in the 
other. (Art. II.) 

(h) All privileges and liberties concerning lawful disposal of 
property in either country, by will or otherwise, including with- 
drawal of property from the country or of proceeds if sold, and 3inj 
imposts relating thereto. Unclaimed property left in either country 
by deceased subjects of the other to receive the same care as property 
of native subjects in a similar case. (Art. III.) 

(c) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports ®f the other, 
from whatever place arriving, in matters concerning dues for ton- 
nage, flag, port, anchorage, pilotage, and quarantine, warehousing, 
and any other dues or charges of any kind, whether levied for the 
Government, for public officials, or for communities or establish- 
ments of any kind. (Art. V.) 



710 NETHERLANDS AND RUSSIA, 

(d) Equal treatment of vessels. Merchandise of any kind im- 
ported into Russia or Finland in Netherland ships from any port, or 
exported thence for any destination, and merchandise imported in 
Russian ships directly from Russia or P^inland into any European 
port of the Netherhuids, or exported therefrom in Russian vessels 
directly to Russia or Finland, shall pay no higher duty of importa- 
tion, exportation, or transit in ports of either country than wheu 
carried in national ships. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Right of Russian subjects and vessels to engage in coasting 
trade between Netherland ports in Europe without reciprocity. 
(Art. VII, 1.) 

(/) Bounties, drawbacks, and similar advantages to be awarded 
by Netherlands to direct importations or export ations in A^essels of 
Russia. (Art. VIII.) 

(g) All favors or privileges regarding the placing, loading, or 
unloading of vessels in ports, basins, roadsteads, harbors, rivers, and 
canals of either country. (Art. X.) 

(A) Purchase of imported articles. No privilege or preference to 
be accorded by either country, directly or indirectl}', nor by any 
association, corporation, or agent acting in its name or under its 
authority, favoring purchase of articles imported in its own vessels 
over those imported in ships of the other. (Art. XII.) 
>>>4^) Assistance to each other's vessels in case of damage or ship- 
wreck, and payment of dues and charges for salvage of vessels or 
cargoes. (XIII.) 

TIL Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to manage their affairs in 
the other, personally or by agents of their own choice, and to bargain 
freely for prices in buying or selling merchandise of any kind, ex- 
cept when law or usage of the country requires intervention of 
special agents. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Vessels of either country are exempt in the other from ton- 
iiage and clearance duties under conditions stated. (Art. V.) 

(c) Reduction of 20% from pilotage dues is granted bj^ the 
Netherlands to Russian ships bringing specified cargoes from Russia 
or Finland to Netherland ports (Art. VII, 2) ; and special tariff 
leduction on grain imported from Russia or Finland in Dutch or 
Russian vessels (Ibid., 3). These concessions to lapse in case most- 
favored-nation treatment is accorded to Russian vessels with regard 
to advantages concerning indirect navigation. (Ibid., 4.) 

(d) Provisions of the ukase of 19 June, 1845, are declared to have 
no application Avhatever to direct or indirect commerce or navigation 
of the Netherlands. (Art. VIII.) 



::^kthi:rlaxds and Prussia. 711 

(r) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ship's papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Detailed provisions concernin<r treatment of distressed and 
shipwrecked vessels (Art. XIII) and duties and privileges of con- 
suls (Art. XIV), with special reference to recovery of seamen de- 
serters. (Art. XV.) 

(g) Immunities accorded to English yacht clubs in either coun- 
try are extended to yacht clubs of the other. (Art. XVI.) 

IV. Exceptions. , 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 

(1) Special stipulations accorded by Russia to the commerce of 
SAveden and Norway, in exchange for equivalent advantages ac- 
corded by those countries to Finland. (Separate Art. I and ex- 
planatory notes, 3.) 

(2) Exemption from navigation dues during the first three years 
accorded by Russia to ships built in Russia and owned b}^ Russians ; 
and similar exemptions accorded in Russian ports of the Danube 
and of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azof to Turkish vessels (not 
exceeding specified tonnage) coming from ports of the Ottoman 
Empire on the Black Sea. (Ibid., II, 1-2.) 

(3) Tariff concessions granted by Russia to inhabitants of the 
< Province of Archangel concerning importation of furs, and of 
-dried or salted fish, and exportation of grains and other articles 
.named. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) The privilege of the Russo- American Co. (Ibid., 4.) 

(5) The privilege concerning steamship navigation accorded to 
companies of Liibeck and of Havre. (Ibid., 5.) 

(6) Privileges and favors Avhich the Xetherlancls may accord to 
its citizens to encourage national construction of merchant vessels, 
cr a special branch of that industry. (Ibid., Ill, 1.) 

(7) Immunities or privileges concerning steamship navigation ac- 
corded by the Netherlands to its own companies. (Ibid., Ill, 2.) ■ 

(h) Article XI of this treaty (noted under I / above) does not 
apply to : 

(1) Customs duties levied in Russia on Dutch herrings. (Ex- 
planatory notes. 1.) 

(2) Tariff reductions accorded by the ukase of 9 July, 1842, to 
certain products of Prussia, under conditions stated. (Explanator^y 
notes, 2.) 



712 NETPIERLANDS AND SI AM*. 

Treaty with the Serb-Croat-Slovene State."** 

No. 405. 

ProvisionaL declaration to regulate commercial relations between 
the Netherlands and Serbia. 

SIGNED 17 Oct., 1881, at Vienna. Effective until terminated hx three 
months' notice from either party. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 72 : 565-6 ; Martens 58 : 173. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect 
to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of products originatino- in or 
coming from the other (including Dutch colonies) ^ with special ref- 
erence to : 

(1) Duties on importation, exportation^ and transit. 

(2) Reexportation, brokerage, warehousing, local dues, and cus- 
toms formalities. 

{b) Treatment by either country of consular officers from the 
other. 

Treaty with Siam. 

"^^ No. 406. 

Treaty of friendship, comnierce^ and navigation between the Neth- 
erlands and Siam. 

SIGNED 17 Dec. 1860, at Bangkok. Effective from 24 Mar., 1862; for 12 
years, and thereafter subject to revision on 12 months' notice from either paity. 
(Art. XXII.) 

(TEXT: English and Dutch, Lagemans 5:108«-r: English, S.' k ^;iK''58: 
262-78. ■ 'T ; '.: 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in re- 
spect to : 

{a) Right of Netherland Government and its subjects to free and 
equal participation in all privileges which Siam may grant to the 
Government or subjects of any other nation. (Art. XXI.) 

{b) Right of subjects and vessels of either country to engage in 
commerce and navigation in all territories of the other where trade 
and navigation are or may be allowed. (Art. I.) 

{c) All privileges, immunities, powers, and exemptions accorded 
to consular officers in either country. (Art. II.) 

{d) Protection and assistance to Siamese subjects in the Nether- 
lands and its colonies, on condition of reciprocity and subject to the 
laws of the country. (Art. 11.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to 
Xetherland vessels respecting all privileges and immunities granted 
to junks and to Siamese vessels (Art. XVI) ; with special reference 
to any reductions of import or export duties which Siam may later 
<'oncede. (Art. XIX.) 

i'* See p. 771, note 197. 



Ki:THKRLANt)S AND SI AM. 713 

III. National treatment is ple(l<>ed to Netlierland subjects in Siam 
regarding taxation of their landed properties. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of Netherhmd subjects to reside in Siam within 
boundaries named (and beyond these limits by special permission) ; 
also to trade freely and securely in all parts of Siam without inter- 
ference from any monopoly or exclusive privilege of purchase or 
sale. (Art. V.) ' 

(h) Eight of Netherland subjects to buy, sell, lease, or rent lands 
and plantations in Siam, and to rent, buy, or build houses within 
boundaries named, and subject to conditions stated. (Art. VIII.) 

(c) Siam reserves right to cancel sale of land to Netherland sub- 
jects if not cultivated or improved Avithin three years from date of 
possession. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Jurisdiction of Netherland authorities in Siam in civil and 
criminal cases involving Netherland subjects. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Disposition of property left in either country by deceased sub- 
jects of the other. (Art. XIII.) 

(/) Assistance to each other's vessels in case of damage or ship- 
wreck. (Art. XV.) 

(g) Exemption of Netherland vessels in Siamese ports from taxes 
of tonnage, pilotage, and from any other tax whatever, after pay- 
ment of import or export duties. (Art. XVI.) 

(h) Duties to be levied in Siam on merchandise imported in 
Netherland vessels not to exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (changed to 10 
per cent in the case of beer and wine, by convention of 10 Nov., 1883) , 
payable in money or in goods, at importers' option. (Art. XVII.) 

(?') Duties to be levied on exportation of specified Siamese produce 
in accordance with tariff annexed to the treaty. (Art. XVIII.) 
These duties include transit dues and all other charges, and shall 
never be increased. (Arts. XVIII, XIX.) 

(j) Subject to exceptions named and to payment of the duties re- 
ferred to under IV ?, Netherland subjects may freely import or ex- 
port all kinds of merchandise into or from Siam, from any foreign 
port and for all destinations. (Art. XIX.) 

(k) Extensive and detailed provisions relating to religious free- 
dom (Art. Ill) ; registration and residential limits for Netherland 
subjects in Siam (x\rts. IV, V) ; employment of Siamese subjects 
(Art. VI) ; passports (Art. VII) ; pirac}^, pillage, or robbery (Art. 
X) ; arrest of criminals and recovery of seamen deserters (Art. XI) : 
bankruptcy (Art. XII). 

(l) Regulations for conduct of Netherland trade in Siam. (An- 
nex.) 

{?)i) Tariff of export and inland duties to be levied in Siam, sub- 
ject to exceptions stated. (Annex,, Arts. 1, 11.) . '^'"rf'^'^'^^,, 



714 NETHERLANDS AND SWEDEN. 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 40 7. 

Declarations hetveen the Netherlands and Spain regulating commer- 
cial relations. 

SIGNP^D ]2 July, 1892, and 13 Nov., 1899. ut ^ladrid. Ratifications ex- 
chan,iied there 25 May, 1900. Teniii liable on 12 iiumth!;-' notice from eitlier 
party.'' (Sec. 7.) 

TEXT: French, ^larteiis 70: ."59-01; 83:243-4; B. F. S. P. 84:111-13, 
92:456: Lagemans 11:218-20; 14:140; French and Spanish, Spain Tr. 10: 
303-8: 12:677-8; rmtcli. Staatsbl. 1893, No. 217; 1900, No. 78. 

Most-favored-nation treatmeet is pledged with regard to: 
{a) Duties payable by products of Spain and adjacent islands 
on importation into the Netherlands. (Decl. 1892. sec. 6 ) 

{Ij) Duties payable in Spain and adjacent islands on direct im- 
portations of any articles originating in the Netherlands or its col- 
onies, when imported direct or consigned on through bills of lading 
(Ibid., sec. 5 and decl. 1899, sec. 2), except fayors accorded by 
Spain exclusiyeh^ to Portugal or to P'rance to facilitate frontier 
traffic (Decl. 1899, sec. 3). 

Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 408. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation hetioeen the Netherlands and 
Sireden^ and convention} additional thereto. 

SIGNED 25 Sept., 1847, at the Hague. Additional convention signed 15 Dec, 
1908."' Effective from 26 Nov., 1847, for five years, and thereafter terminable 
by 12 months' notice from either partv, (Art. Till.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 36:1143-6; Lagemans 3:218-9; Martens 46 
(pt. I) : 152-6; Dutch, .Staatsbl. 1847, No. 71. 

I. Most-favored-natioR treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject 
to exceptions noted below under IV) in all matters concerning com- 
merce, nayigation, and industry; and all duties, taxes, and charges 
of any kind relating thereto (Addl. cony.,^^^ Art. I), with special ref- 
erence to any adyantages accorded in European ports of either coun- 
try to merchandise imported in ships of the other from ports of third 
countries (decl. attached). 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in respect to the 
following matters : 

(a) Treatment of each other's vessels in European ports of either 
country, from whatever place arriving, with special reference to 
due^ for port, tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, and any other duties 
or charges under whatever name, whether levied for the crown or 
for cities or private establishments of any kind. (Arts. I, II, and 
VI.) 

(h) Any merchandise or object of commerce legally importable 
into European points of either country in its own vessels may like- 

1^1 French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 720-2 ; Lagemans 17 : 43-4 ; Martens 90 : 300-2. 
^ Tei'minated. See Appendix. 



XETHEELANDS AND SWITZERLAND. 715 

Avis^W%^'|>()l^t'ed in sliips of the other c'omin<r direct from their home 
ports in Europe, without paying hi<rher duties or char<ies of any 
kind, and subject to the same bounties, exemptions, or drawbacks 
as when imported in national ships. (Arts. III-V.) 

{(■) Any merchandise of whatever ori<>-in le^rally exportable from 
P^^uropean ports of either country in its own vessels may likewise 
be exported in ships of the other, from whatever place arriving and 
Avhatever the destination : subject to the same duties or charges of 
any kind and entitled to the same bounties, exemptions, or draw- 
backs, as Avhen exported in national ships. (Arts. III-V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Vessels of either country seeking refuge or wintering in ports 
of the other, and departing without having engaged in any com- 
mercial operations (as defined) are exempt from all tonnage dues. 
(Art. VI.) 

(h) So long as this treat}^ continues in force, merchandise im- 
ported into European ports of either country in ships of the other 
from ports of third countries shall not be subjected to less advan- 
tageous conditions, as compared with treatment accorded to the 
national flag, than those at that time existing. (Decl ) 

(c) Differences concerning interpretation or application of the 
additional convention of 1908 to be submitted for arbitration lo the 
permanent court at the Hague. (Addl. conv.,^'^ Art. III.) 

IV. Exceptions. — Most-favored-nation treatment does not ap- 
ply to : 

(a) Special favors accorded by Sweden exclusively to the sub- 
jects, merchandise, and commercial, industrial, or financial associa- 
tions of Norway. 

(b) Special favors accorded by the Xetherlands to native States 
of the Dutch Eastern Archipelago. 

(c) Concessions accorded b}^ either country to bordering States 
to facilitate frontier traffic. 

{d) Concessions resulting from a customs union. (Acldl. conv..^'^ 
Art. II.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 409. 

Treaty of friendship^ commerce^ and estaMishm nt hetiveen the 

Netherlands and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 19 Aug., 1875, at Berne. Effective from 10 Sept.. 1878, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 1 year's notice from either party. (Art. Y.) 
TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 66: .585-7: Lagemans 7: 238-41. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged (including the Netherland colonies (Art. II), but sub- 

1" French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 720-2 ; Lagemans 17 : 4.3-4 ; Martens 90 : 300-2. 



716 NETHERLANDS AND SWITZERLAND. 

ject to exceptions noted below), respecting all favors, immunities, 
or tariff reductions accorded by either country to the subjects, com- 
merce, or products of any third power (Art. IV) ; with special ref- 
erence to : 

(a) Treatment by either country of subjects of the other in all 
matters except those in which national treatment is stipulated, as 
noted below under II. (Art. I.) 

(h) Admission into either country of products of the other, from 
whatever place arriving, and of any merchandise imported from 
the other whatever its origin; with special reference to duties pay- 
able on importation, under whatever name. (Art. II.) 

(c) All matters concerning transit and exportation. (Art. III.) 

(d) Any prohibitions or local charges imposed by either country 
affecting the subjects, commerce, or products of the other. (Art. IV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged (subject to reser- 
vations noted below under III c-/), in regard to : 

(a) All matters concerning residence and establishment of sub- 
jects of either country in the other. (Art. I.) 

(b) Exercise of commerce, industry, and professions. (Art. I.) 

(c) Right to acquire and dispose of or succeed to all kinds of 
property, movable or immovable, in any matter whatever by will or 
otherwise. (Art. I.) 

(d) Payment of taxes and freedom of religion. (Art. I.) 

III. Exceptions and reservations. — Most-faA^ored-nation provi- 
sions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) Legal distinctions between persons of occidental and oriental 
origin in Netherland possessions of the Eastern Archipelairo. 
(Art. I.) 

(b) Duty-free admission into Netherland colonies of products of 
native States of the Eastern Archipelago. (Art. 11.) 

National treatment provisions are subject to the following reserva- 
tions : 

(<?) Passports or other authentic ceitificates of nationality may 
be required of subjects of either country desiring to reside oi es- 
tablish themselves in the other. (Addl. protocol 24 Apr., 1877.^^-) 

(d) Subjects of either countr}^ who are paupers or become charges 
on public charity in the other may be returned. (Ibid.) 

(e) Subjects of either country disturbing the peace or public order 
in the other, or threatening its internal or external security, may be 
expelled or interned. (Ibid.) 

(/) Right of either country to expel criminal subjects of the other. 
(Ibid.) 

172 French, B. F. S. p. 68 : 34-5 ; MaW^ns''34 : 691. 



NETHERLANDS AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 717 

Treaty with Turkey. 
No. 410. 

Covwiepcial caplhdatlons hetween the Xetherlands and Turkey. 

SIGNP:D 15 Sept., ]680. at Constantinople. No time limit stated. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 755-65. 

I. All stipulations contained in the capitulations of Turkey ac- 
corded to France ^'" and England ^'" are confirmed in favor of the 
Netherlands. (Art. XL.) 

II. Detailed and extensive provisions concerning privileges and 
liberties of Xetherland subjects and their right to engage in trade 
and commerce in Turkish dominions, of which the more important 
relate to : 

{a) Dutch jurisdiction of disputes between Xetherland subjects 
in Turkey. (Art. V.) 

{h) Eight of Xetherland subjects to enter Turkish dominions by 
land or sea and to exercise commerce therein. (Art. XXVI.) 

{c) Assistance to Xetherland ships in distress. (Arts. XXIY and 
XXVII.) 

(d) In case a Xetherland subject absconds to avoid paying his 
debt or to escape punishment for any fault or crime no oth-er Dutch- 
man shall be held in his place unless surety or bail has been given. 
(Arts. XXVIII and XXX.) 

(g) Disposal of property of Xetherland subjects dying in Turkish 
dominions. (Art. XXIX.) 

(/) If a Dutch merchant turns Moslem, merchandise and money 
in his possession belonging to other Dutch merchants are to be 
turned over to the ambassador or consul for restitution to the owners. 
(Art. XL VIII.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of the Xetherlands with the United States have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under America, United Stat'es 
of, No. 38. 

173 See Nos. 312 and 199. 



ivri^nfto no fir// 



NEW ZEALAND. 

See British Empire, page 290, note 40. 

NEWFOUNDLAND. 

See British Empire, page 290, note 40. 

NICARAGUA. 

Treaties with Austria to Mexico. 

Treaties of Nicaragua with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 



Austria, No. 63. 
France, No. 299. 
Germany, No. 314. 



Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire), No. 176. 
Italy, No. 361. 
Mexico, No. 389. 



Treaty with Spain. 
No. 411. 

Treaty of recognition.^ peace^ and friendship tetween Nicaragua and 

Spain. 

SIONED 2a Jiilv. 1850, at Madrid. Duration indefiii'te. 

TEXT: Sr-aDisl). Spiifn Tr. 2 : 46-51 ; Entilish (transl.), B. F. S. P. 39:1331-8. 

1. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pled<j^ed in general terms respecting: any concessions or favors 
g;ranted by either country in matters of commerce and navigation. 
XArt. XII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Duties imposed by either country on produce, goods, and mer- 
chandise imported from or exported to the other, and payment of 
port dues incidental thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(l)) Exercise of trades and professions in either country, and right 
to possess, purchase, and sell, by wholesale or retail, all kinds of 
goods and property, movable or immovable, and to dispose of or 
succeed to the same, by will or otherwise ; all in conformity with the 
laws of the country. (Art. X.) 
718 



NI("ARAGl\\ AND SPAIN. 719 

(r) All ordinary taxes payable in either country by citizens of the 
other on aci-ount of occupation, trade, or proi)erty. (Art. XI.) 

(d) All priviletres. immunities, or exemptions granted to diplo- 
matic or consular agents by either country. (Art. XIV.) 

(e) Spanish subjects, vessels, and merchandise to enjoy any ad- 
vantages or exemptions granted by Nicaragua in connection with 
interoceanic transit by canals or railways. (Art. XIII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Exem})tion of each other's citizens from military service by 
land or sea, from all extraordinary taxes or imposts, and from forced 
loans. (Art. XI.) 

(h) Protection and neutrality of interoceanic communications 
through Xicaraguan territory. (Art. XIII.) 

(c) Consular cooperation with local authorities for care of prop- 
erty of c-tizens of either country dying intestate in the other, and in 
salvage of shipwrecked vessels. (Art. XV.) 

(d) Assistance to each other's diplomatic and consular agents for' 
recover}^ of seamen; deserters. (Ibid.) 



jioUxia-b^iovj 



70 bt>r:Ocji 

* { IT Vr 



NORWAY. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to the Netherlands. 

Treaties of Norway with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 39. 
Argentina, No. 62. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 81. 
Belgium, No. 111. 
Bulgaria, No. 215. 
China, No. 238. 
Denmark, No. 275. 
France. Nos. 300 and 310. 



Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire), No. 196. 
Greece, No. 348. 
Italy, No. 371. 
Japan, Nos. 377 and 378. 
Liberia, No. 387. 
Mexico, No. 392. 
Netherlands, No. 400. 



Treaty with Persia. 

See Persia — Sweden and Norway. No. 421. 

Treaty with Rumania. 

No. 412. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Norway and 
Jluinania, 

SIGNED 31 Mar., 1910. at Stockholm, llatitieatloiis ex el landed 17 Jiiiie, 1910„ 
at Berlin. Effective from 2 July. 1910, teriniiiable on 12 months' notice by 
either party. (Art. YII.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. K)8:()<>8-9; Norwe.uian. Norway Tr. 1914:168-70. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) with regard to all 
rights, immunities, advantages, and exemptions concerning exercise 
of commerce and industry in either country, and all imposts relating 
thereto; subject to special laws and regulations applying to all for- 
eigners in matters of establishment, commerce, industry, and police. 
(Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the other, 
whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, or 
transit, with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. II.) 

{h) Export duties imposed by either country on merchandise ex- 
ported to the other. (Art. II.) 
720 



NORWAY AND vSWEDEN. 721 

(c) Any advanta<>es or reduction of duties which either country 
may accord to another State with regard to matters mentioned above 
under I b and c. (Art. II.) 

(d) Treatment to be accorded in either country to ships of the 
other and their cargoes (V). 

(e) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose on 
importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV). as noted below under 
lib. 

11. Other provisions. 

(a) Certificates of origin may be required by either country for 
reasons stated. (Art. III.) 

(b) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except 
in the following cases applying to all countries under the same con- 
ditions : 

(1) Munitions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Reasons concerning the internal safety of the State. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to prevent spread of epizootic diseases 
and destruction of plants by insects or noxious parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or transpor- 
tation of similar articles of domestic production. (Ibid., 4.) 

(5) Articles of State monopoly. (Ibid., 5.) 

(c) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. V.) 

IIIw Exceptions. — The stipulations of this convention do not ap- 
ply to special advantages which Norway may accord exclusively to 
Sweden or Denmark. (Final protocol.) 

Treaty with Siam. 

See Siam-Sweden and Norway, No. i5n.^„^^^^^.^^ UaoiiBV: A 

Treaties with Sweden. 

Convention between Noi'v} ay and Sweden respect hi g goods in transit. 

SIGNED 26 Oct., 1905, at Stockholm. Effective from 1 Jan., 1906, for 30 
years, and thereafter for further like periods unless denounced by either party 
at least five years before termination of the first 30-year period. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT : French,' B. F. S. P. 98 : 826-8. 

{a) Neither country to prevent or hinder transit of merchandise 
passing to or from the other by prohibitions against importation or 
exportation, obstruction of transportation, or by any other means; 
except in the following cases : 



722 NORWAY AND SWEDEN. 

(1) Temporary iDrohibitions or restrictions required by interna- 
tional law, or by considerations of neutrality or public security as 
regards : 

(a) Transit of arms and munitions or materials of war in case of 
hostilities with or between third countries, or in other extraordinary 
circumstances. 

(h) Transit of contraband merchandise in time of war. 

(2) Measures to prevent introduction or propaganda of epidemics 
or of epizootic diseases. (Art. I.) 

(h) Merchandise in transit to or from either country is exempt 
from customs and similar duties, as well as from transit dues. 
(Art. II.) 

(c) Merchandise in transit transported by railways shall be treated 
in the country of transit no less favorably than similar merchandise 
in general, with special reference to transport charges. (Art. III.) 

(d) Merchandise in transit and vessels transporting the same shall 
not be subject in the country of transit to port, navigation, or other 
duties of whatever kind higher than applied to international traffic 
in merchandise of the same kind; subject to the right of communes 
to levy port dues in accordance with general laws. (Art. lY.) 

(e) The foregoing provisions to apply even in case merchandise 
in transit is reshipped in the country of transit. (Art. Y.) 

(/) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this convention, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. YIII.) 

No. 414. 

ConvMtion hehheSn^Wt)rniay hhd'^^wi^BeWboiicermng laJces and wMrs 
zn covinion. .'■•..'.>. .^ .^ 

SIGNED 26 Oct.. 1905. at Stockholm. Effective from 1 Jan.. 1906, for 50 
years, and tliereafter for further like periods unless denounced ])y either party 
at least five vears hefore termination of the first 50-year period, (Art. V.) 

TEXT : F]-ench, B. F. S. P. 98 :828-.30. 

I. National treatment is reciprocall}^ pledged to citizens of either 
country in the other Avith regard to : 

{a) All rights and conditions concerning utilization of lakes and 
water courses common to both countries, and facilities for enforce- 
ment of personal and property rights relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

{h) All rights and liberties concerning the opening, maintenance, 
and utilization of water courses for navigation or rafting. (Art. 
HI.) 

II. other provisions. 

{a) Conformably to general principles of international law, it is 
understood that utilization and modification of lakes and water 
courses common to both countries in manner described cannot be 
imdertaken by either country without consent of the other. (Art. 
IT.) 



:n'orway and united states of America. 723 

(h) This convention applies to all lakes and water courses common 
to both countries, defined as including those which serve as boundary- 
bet ween the two countries, or are situated in the territory of both, 
or which empty into such lakes and water courses. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation or applica- 
tion of this convention, and statement of procedure relating thereto. 
(Art. VI.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 415. 

Exchange of notes hetween Norivay and Sicitzerland granting re- 
ciprocal most-favored-nation treatment. 

SIGNED 5/22/28 May. 1906. at Berlin. Effective from 27" May, 1906, until 
conclusion of a new commercial arrangement. '"' '^ - ' 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 102:734-5; Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914:183-4. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciiDrocally pledged to the citi- 
zens and products of either country in matters of establishment and 
commerce, on condition of reciprocity, except special favors which 
either country may accord to bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic, and special concessions accorded by Xorway to Sweden. 

Treaty with Turkey. 

No. 416. _^^ ^, 

Protocol heticeen Norway and Turkey securing fhctprocal most- 
favor ed-nation treatment in commercial and consular matters. 

SIGNED 13 June. 1907. at CortstanistQQple: -No time limit stated. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 515 ; Martens 86 : 814 ; Norwegian, Norway 
Tr. 1914 : 249. 

Most-favored-nation treatment reciprocally pledged to the con- 
suls, subjects, and commerce of either nation in territories of the 
other, pending conclusion of a treaty of commerce and consular con- 
vention. 

hlB^Ql ni b-^l^lTreaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Norway with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of. No. 39. 

54083—22 47 



PANAMA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Italy. 

Treaties of Panama with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United iJStates of, No. 40. 
France, No. 246.^^* 
Germany, No. 314. 
Italy, No. 248.^^* 

PARAGUAY. 

Treaties witli America, United States of, to Italy. 

Treaties of Paragua}^ with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 41. 
Belgium, No. 112. 
France, No. 301. 
Germany, No. 326. 



Great Britain (under British 

Empire), No. 177. 
Italy, No. 362. 



Treaty with Spain. 
No. 417. 

Treaty of peace and frie'iidship hetween Paraguay and Spain. 

SIGNED 10 Sept., 1880, at Buenos Aires. Duration indefinite, subject to 
termination on 12 months' notice by eitlier party. (Art. III.) 
TEXT : Spanish, Spain Tr. 8 : 127-8 ; Paraguay Tr. 1890 : 38-9. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard 
to commerce, customs tariffs, guaranty of trade-marks, and civil 
rights (Art. Ill) ; also regarding all exemptions, privileges, and 
immunities accorded to diplomatic and consular officers (Art. II). 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Paraguay with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, 
No. 41. 

"* Concluded with Colombia. 
724 



PARAGUAY AND URUGUAY. 725 

Treaty with Uruguay. 

No. 418. 

Treaty of peace^ friendsJiip^ and recognition of deht between Para- 
guay and Uruguay. 

SIGNED 20 Apr., 1883, at Asuncion. Ratificaticiis exchanged 24 Nov., 1883, 
at Montevideo. No time limit stated. 
TEXT: English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 74:696-8. 

{a) All navigable rivers of either country remain open to the 
lawful commerce of vessels of the other. (Art. VII. ) 

(6) Arbitration of differences between the two countries. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(<?) Provisions concerning settlement of debts and claims for 
damages occasioned by the war of 1865. (Arts. II- VI.) 



uai>i:J 



PERSIA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Norway. 

Treaties of Persia with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 42. 
Argentina, No. 60. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 82. 
Belgium, No. 113. 
Chile, No. 225. 
Denmark, No. 268. 



Great Britain (under British 

Empire), Nos. 178 and 179. 
Greece, No. 343. 
Italy, No. 363. 
Mexico, No. 390. 
Netherlands, No. 401. 



France, No. 302. Norway. See Sweden and Nor- 

Germany, No. 327. | way, No. 421. 

Treaty with Russia.^'' 

No. 419. 

Treaty of co'tnmerce 'between Persia and Russia^ and convention regi(.- 
lating commercial relations. 

SIGNED 22 Feb., 1828, and 9 Nov., 1901,"' at Tourkoiaiitchai and Teheran, re- 
spectively. Duration indetinite. 

TEXT: Frencli, B. F. S. P. 45:865-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with regard to : 

{a) Treatment of Persian subjects in Russia as regards enjoyment 
of all rights and prerogatives accorded to subjects of any other 
power. (Art. I.) 

{h) Russian import duties on exports of Persia not enumerated 
in tariff B annexed to the convention of 1901, which shall be the 
lowest duties applicable to similar imports from any other country, 
except China and other neighboring Asiatic countries. (Conv.,^^® 
Art. II.) 

(<?) Taxes which Persia may levy on Russian merchandise for 
upkeep of roads, under conditions stated. (Conv.,^^^ Art. IV.) 

{d) Russian customs procedure applicable to commerce of Persian 
subjects on importations or exportations. (Conv.,^^^ Art. Ye.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) The treaty of 1828 contains extensive and detailed provisions 
concerning right of subjects of either country to exercise commerce 

I'^s See p. 757, note 195. 

m French, B. F. S. P. 96 : 1279-82. 

726 



PERSIA AND SPAIN. 727 

in the other (Ait. I) ; treatment of property left by deceased Rus- 
sians in Persia (Ibid.) ; registration of contracts and other written 
instruments betAveen subjects of both countries (Art. II) ; commerce 
with powers at war with either country (Art. IV) ; right of Rus- 
sians to acquire houses, stores, and other premises in Persia, and 
exemption thereof from search or inspection by Persian officials 
(Art. V); and administration of justice (Arts. VI-VIII). 

(h) Merchandise exported from Russia to pay in Persia the cus- 
toms duties provided in tariff A annexed to the convention of 1901, 
and no further duties or charges of any kind, except charges referred 
to below under II r/. (Conv..^"^ Art. II.) 

(c) Persian products exported to Russia shall pay in Russia duties 
provided in tariff B above mentioned, and shall be free from any 
duty or other charge on exportation from Persia, subject to excep- 
tions referred to below under II g. (Ibid.) 

(d) Regulations concerning Russian export duties and products 
prohibited from importation into Russia are declared applicable to 
Persian traffic in Russia. (Ibid.) 

(e) The 5 per cent export duty of Persia is abolished, except duties 
on products enumerated in tariff C annexed to the convention of 19ul. 
(Conv..^"« Art. III.) 

(/) Merchandise may be freely exported from either country to 
the other, except articles prohibited in the interests of public health 
or safetv, and food products required in the country of production 
(Ibid.)"^ 

(g) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning taxes which 
Persia may levy on Russian merchandise for upkeep of roads 
(Conv.,^^® Art. IV) ; improvement of Persian customs administra- 
tion ; commercial routes ; warehousing regulations and charges 
(Conv..^"® Art. V) : definition of Russian and Persian units of 
weight ; adjustment of duties to monetary exchange rates between the 
two countries (Conv..^'^ Art. VI) ; and application of this convention 
and of Tariffs A and C to all frontiers of Persia (Conv.,^'^ Art. VII). 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 420. 

7 reaties of friendship arid commerce Itetween Persia and Spain. 

SIGNED 4 Mar., 1842. at Constantinople, and 9 Feb.. 1870, at London. Ratifi- 
cations exclianged 13 Nov., 1850, and 18 June, 1872, respectively. Duration 
indefinite. Stipulations of the treaty of 1842 to be considered integral parts of 
the treaty of 1870. (Art. I.) 

' TEXT:, French and Spanish, Spain Tr. 2: 65-7; 6: 45-9; Persian, Persia 
Tr, 1908:21-30; English (transl.) B. F. S. P. 58:592-5; 62:878-80. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respect- 
ing advantages accorded by either country in matters ot commerce 

176 French, B. F. S. P. 86: 1279-82. 



728 PERSIA AND SWEDEN. 

(Tr. of 1870, Art. Ill) ; with special reference to payment of 
customs dues and other imposts in either country on imports or ex- 
ports of merchandise (Tr. of 1842, Art. III). 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Eight of subjects of either country to travel or reside in the 
other and to carry on trade, rent houses, warehouses, and shops for 
their business, with every assistance and protection from local au- 
thorities in either country. (Ibid., Art. II.) 

(h) Exemption of merchants, traders, or travelers of either 
country from all taxes and contributions in the other. (Ibid., Art. 

ni.) 

(c) Right of either country to appoint commercial agents and 
consuls in the other, to reside at places named. (Ibid., Art. IV; 
tr. of 1870, Art. II.) 

(d) Consular intervention for settlement of disputes arising in 
either country between their respective subjects, and consular ad- 
ministration of property left in either country by deceased subjects 
of the other. (Tr. of 1842, Art. V.) 

(e) Liquidation of bankrupt estates in either country. (Ibid., 
Art. V.) 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 

No. 421. 

Treaty of friendship and coinmerce between Persia and Sweden and 
Norway. 

SIGNED 17 Nov., 1857, at Paris. Effective from 2 Mar., 1858, for 12 years 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. VI. ) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 75 : 906-8 ; Sverges och Norges Tr. 11 : 348-53. ; 
Sweden Tr. 1910 : 944-5 ; French and Persian, Persia Tr. 1908 : 176-81 ; Nor- 
wegian, Norway Tr. 1914:150-1. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to : 

{a) All prerogatives and immunities accorded to diplomatic agents 
by either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Treatment of travelers, merchants, manufacturers, and other 
subjects of either country in territories of the other in all respects. 
(Art. III.) 

((?) Duties levied oii ships of either country entering or leaving 
ports of the other, or levied by either country on merchandise im- 
ported or exported by subjects of the other; no exceptional tax 
of anv kind to be demanded in either country under any pretext. 
(Art.'lY.) 

(d) Eespect, privileges, and immunities accorded to consuls of 
either country at their place of residence in the other. (Art. V.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Subjects of either country may bring into the other or export 
therefrom all kinds of produce and merchandise, by land or sea, and 



PERSIA AND SWITZERLAND. 729 

sell, exchange, buy, and transport the same throughout the territories 
of either country, it being understood that internal commerce is sub- 
ject to the laws of the country. (Art. III.) 

(b) Right of either country to appoint three consuls in the other, 
xo reside at places named. (Art. V.) 

(c) Consuls of either country carrying on commerce in the other 
tire subject to the same laws and usages as their nationals engaged in 
the same commerce. (Art. V.) 

(d) Diplomatic and consular agents of either country shall not 
protect subjects of the other. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 422. 

Treaiy of friendship and covimerce hetweeii Persia and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 23 July, 1873, at Geneva. Effective from 27 Oct., 1874, for 12 years 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. 
YIII.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 63:62.5-8; Martens 52:98-100; French and 
Persian, Persia Tr. 1908 : 181-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with 
legard to : 

{a) All prerogatives and immunities accorded to diplomatic agents 
by either country. (Art. II.) 

(&) Treatment of travelers, merchants, manufacturers, and other 
subjects of either country in territories of the other, in all respects. 
(Art. III.) 

{c) Duties levied by either country on merchandise imported or 
exported by subjects of the other; no exceptional tax to be imposed 
under any name or pretext in either country. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Judicial procedure to be applied in either country to subjects 
of the other in matters of criminal jurisdiction, and to be applied 
in Switzerland for settlement of any disputes involving Persian sub- 
jects. (Art. V.) 

{e) Eespect, privilege, and immunities accorded to consuls of either 
country at their place of residence in the other. (Art. V.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Subjects of either country may bring into the other or export 
therefrom all kinds of produce and merchandise, by land or sea, and 
sell, exchange, buy, and transport the same throughout the territories 
of either country, it being understood that internal commerce is sub- 
ject to the laws of the country. (Art. III.) 

{h) Jurisdiction of disputes arising in Persia between Swiss sub- 
jects is vested in Swiss consular authorities exclusively; disputes be- 
tween Swiss and Persians to be judged by a Persian tribunal in 
presence of a Swiss consular representative; disputes between Swiss 



730 PERSIA AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

and other foreigners to be settled by their re-spective authorities. 
(Art. V.) 

(c) Directions for treatment of property left in either country by 
deceased subjects of the other under conditions stated. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Eight of either country to appoint three consuls in the other, 
to reside at places named. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Consuls of either country carrying on commerce in the other 
are subject to the same laws and usages as their nationals engaged 
in the same commerce. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Diplomatic and consular agents of either country shall not 
protect subjects of the other. (Art. VII.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Persia with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America. United States of, No. 42. 



PERU. 

Treaties with Bolivia to Japan. 

Treaties of Peru with the following countries have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under : 
Bolivia, Nos. 133 and 134. 



China, No. 239. 
Germany. No. 314. 



Great Britain (under British 

Empire), No. 180. 
Italy, No. 364. 
Japan, No. 379. 



Treaty with Spain. 

No. 423. 

Treaty of peace and friendship hetioeen Peru and, Spain^ and treaty 
additional thereto, 

SIGNED 14 Aug.. 1879. at Paris. Additional treaty signed 16 July, 1897,'" 
at Lima. Duration indefinite. Terminable on 12 months' notice by either 
party. (Addl. treaty, Art. X.') 

TEXT : Spanish, Peru Act. Int. 1916, No. 23 ; French, Martens 59 : 747-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms regarding all civil righti:i and all matters of commerce and 
navigation in all respects. (Art. IV.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged regarding compensation or indemnification of each other's 
citizens for damages, vexations, or exactions suffered during revolu- 
tions, insurrections, civil wars, seditions, riots, etc., in either country, 
but only in cases where fault or want of vigilance on the part of 
authorities of the country is admitted by its own tribunals. (Addl. 
tr.,^^^ Art. IV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocall}^ pledged in regard to: 
{a) Application of laws and judicial or administrative procedure 

in either country to citizens of the other, with special reference to 
civil rights, criminal responsibilities, and penal laws of police or 
security. (Addl. tr.,^^^ Art. VI.) 

{h) Treatment of each other's citizens participating in civil wars, 
seditions, rebellions, or usurpation of political authority or jurisdic- 
tion. (Ibid., Arts. Ill and V.) 

^"Spanish, Peru Act, Int. 1916, No. 43; English (transL), B. F. S. P. 89:598-601; 
Martens 82 : 69-71. 

731 



732 PERU AND SPAIN. 

(c) University or professional diplomas and certificates granted 
to citizens of either country shall be reciprocally recognized as valid 
in the other if their authenticity and the identitv of holders is estab- 
lished. (Ibid., Art. VIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) National status of citizens and corporations of either country 
to be determined by its own legislation. (Addl. tr.,^^^ Art. II.) 

(b) Citizens of either country are not entitled to diplomatic inter- 
vention in the other, except in case of manifest denial of justice. 
(Ibid., Art. VI.) 

(c) Both countries reserve the right to expel, or not to admit, per- 
sons considered dangerous because of their vicious life or conduct. 
(Ibid., Art. VII.) 

(d) Controversies or differences between the two countries to be 
determined by arbitration in the manner described. (Ibid., Art. I.) 

^"Spanish, Peiii Act, lafc. 1916, No. 43; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 89:598-601; 
Martens 82: 69-71. 



POLAND. 

Treaties with Danzig to Germany. 

Treaties ot Poland with the following countries ha,ve been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : .{i^tJfM. 

Danzig, No. 259. | Germany, No. 314. 

Treaty with the Principal Allied and Associated Powers. 
No. 424. 

Treaty between Poland and the Principal Allied and Associated 
Powers. 

SIGNED'" 28 June, 1919, at Versailles. Effective from 10 Jan., 1920, for in- 
definite term, but various time limits are placed on operation of specified 
articles of the treaty. 

TEXT: English (authentic), G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 8, Cmd. 223. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as be- 
tween Poland and each of the contracting States regarding all facili- 
ties, privileges, exemptions, and immunities of everj^ kind granted to 
consular officers. (Art. 13.) 

II. National and most-favored-nation treatment. — Pending con- 
clusion (under auspices of the League of Nations) of general conven- 
tions on the matters named, Poland assures national and most- 
favored-nation treatment on condition of reciprocity (Art. 17""''^) to 
all the Allied and Associated States, and to all States members of the 
League of Nations (Art. 20), in respect to: 

{a) Treatment of vessels of all States which accord similar treat- 
ment to Polish vessels, except the maritime coasting trade, which 
Poland or any of said powers or State^ ma,y confine to its national 
vessels. (Art. 16.) ...jr;.|;..,.,„, 

(/;) Freedom of transit for persons, goods, vessels, carriages, 
wagons, and mails in transit to or from an}^ of said States over Polish 
territory, including territorial waters, with special reference to facili- 
ties, charges, restrictions, and all other matters. (Art. 17.^ ''^) 

{c) International use of specified portions of the river system of 
the Vistula, conformable to Articles 332 to 337 of the treaty of peace 
with Germany.^«« (Art. 18.) 

"* Signed by the following Powers: America, United States of, British Empire, France, 
Italy, .Tapan, and Poland. 

I'^^This article is terminable after 10 Jan., 1925, as noted below under IV. 
^ See No. 314, III g. 

733 



734 POLAND AND ALLIED AND ASS0CL4TED POWEllS. 

III. Other provisions. 

Poland undertakes and agrees: 

(a) To make no treaty, convention, or arrangement and to take no 
other action which may prevent her from joining in any general con- 
vention for the equitable treatment of the commerce of other States 
which may be concluded under auspices of the League of Nations 
before 10 Jan., 1925. (Art. 15.) 

(b) To extend to all the Allied and Associated States, and to 
States members of the League of Nations, any favors or privileges in. 
customs matters which she may grant before 10 Jan., 1925, to any 
State with which since Aug., 1914, the Allies have been at war, or 
to any State having special customs arrangements with Austria 
under treaty cited. (Arts. 15 and 20.) 

(c) Pending establishment of an import tariff by Poland, goods 
originating in the Allied and Associated States shall not be sub- 
ject to higher duties on importation into Poland than the most 
favorable rates of duty applicable to goods of the same kind under 
either the German, Austro-Hungarian. or Russian, customs tariffs on 
1 July, 1914. (Art 14.) vjfrnt 

(^) That goods in transit through Polish territory, including ter- 
ritorial waters, shall be exempt from all customs or other duties; 
and that freedom of transit shall extend to postal, telegraphic and 
telephonic services. (Art. 17.^^^) '/ ' 

(e) That all rights and privileges accorded by this treaty to tK^ 
Allied and Associated Powers shall be accorded equally to all States 
members of the League of Nations. (Art. 20.) 

(/) To adhere before 10 Jan.. 1921, to specified general interna- 
tional conventions, and to adhere to any new convention concluded 
with approA^al of the council of the League of Nations before 
10 Jan., 1925, to replace any of those specified. (Art. 19.) 

(g) To protect by effective measures the industrial, literary, and 
artistic property of nationals of the Allied and Associated States in 
circumstances named, on condition of reciprocity. (Art. 19.) 

(k) To assume responsibility for such proportion of the Russian 
public debt and other Russian liabilities as may be assigned to Poland 
under a special convention described. (Art. 21.) 

(i) To assure full and complete protection of life and liberty to 
all inhabitants of Poland without distinction of birth, nationality, 
language, race, or religion. (Art. 2.) Differences of religion, creed, 
or confession shall not prejudice any Polish national in matters relat- 
ing to civil or political rights, as for instance admission to public em- 
ployments, functions, and honors, or the exercise of professions or 
industries. (Art 7.) 

"s' This article is terminable after 10 Jan., 1925, as noted below under IV. 



POLAND AND AI.LIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 735 

(j) That the stipulations of this treaty, so far as they affect per- 
sons belonging to racial, religious, or linguistic minorities, constitute 
obligations of international concern, and shall be placed under the 
guarantee of the League of Xations, as described in detail. (Art 12.) 

IV. Note. — If no general convention to secure and maintain free- 
dom of communications and of transit is concluded under auspices 
of the League of Nations before 10 Jan., 1925, Poland may at any 
time thereafter terminate the obligations of Article IT (noted under 
II, II ?), and III d above), by 12 months' notice in manner stated. 
(Art. 17.) 



J noiiim-h' 



'IB 90ie. 



PORTUGAL. 

Treaties with Austria-Hungary to the Netherlands. 

Treaties of Portugal with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



Austria-Hungary, No. 83. 
Belgium, No. 114. 
China, No. 240. 
Colombia, No. 251. 
Denmark. No. 269. 
France. No. 303. 



Germany, Nos. 314 and 328. 
Great Britain (under British 

Empire), No. 181. 
Italy, No. 365. 
Netherlands, No. 402. 



Treaty with Russia."' 

No. 425. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Portugal and Rus- 
sia, and notes relating thereto. 

SIGNED 9 July, 1895, at Lisbon. Effective from 28 Apr.. 1896, for suc- 
cessive periods of five years until 28 Apr., 1906, and thereafter until terminated 
by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XI.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 87 : 514-23 ; Martens 73 : 114-18. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting all rights 
and favors which either country may accord in matters of commerce 
and industr}^ to subjects of any other nation; subject to laws and 
special regulations applying to all foreigners in matters of com- 
merce, industry and police. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) All matters relating to warehousing, reexportation, and navi- 
gation in general (Art. Ill and final protocol 1) : except as noted 
below under IV a. 

(6) All import and consumption duties payable in either country 
on products of the other listed in tariffs and Tables A and B annexed 
to this treaty, when imported directly (as defined) by sea or land 
(Arts. V and VIII-IX) ; except as noted below under IV &. 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Any contributions, restrictions, or obligations, general or 
local, which either country may impose on subjects of the other in 
matters of commerce and industry. (Art. I.) 

'8^ See p. 757, note 195. 
736 



PORTUGAL AND RUSSIA. 737 

(h) Protection of subjects of either country in the other with 
reference to property in trademarks, inventions, and industrial or 
commercial designs or models, until conclusion of a special conven- 
tion on the subject. (Art. II.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Products of either country listed in tariffs A and B annexed 
to this treaty when imported directly (as defined) into the other by 
sea or land, shall pay no higher duties than required by these tariffs, 
or by most-favored-nation principle noted under lb above. (Arts. 
IV and VIII-IX.) 

(h) Detailed provisions concerning certificates of origin (Art. 
VII) ; definition of direct importation (Arts. VIII, IX) ; and ships' 
papers (Final protocol, 2). 

(c) In case Russia increases the existing import duty on wines 
containing more than 16 per cent alcohol, Portugal's import duty on 
petroleum may be increased in proportion. (Final protocol, 3.) 

(d) Exchange of notes concerning tariff duties in Finland. 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) Provisions of Article III (noted under la above) do not 
apply to specified treaties of Portugal with the South African Re- 
public and the Orange Free State, nor to stipulations between Por- 
tugal and Brazil. (Art. III.) 

(h) Article V (noted above under Ih) does not apply to: 

(1) Favors or privileges which Portugal may accord to Spain 
and Brazil. (Art. VI, 1.) 

(2) Favors accorded to bordering countries to facilitate frontier 
traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Favors which Russia may accord to residents of the Province 
of Archangel concerning importation or exportation, or relating to 
the north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 3.) 

(c) Provisions concerning national or most-favored-nation treat- 
ment (Arts. I-VI) do not apply to: 

(1) Special stipulations in Russia's treaty of 8 May, 1838,^®^ with 
Sweden and Norway. (Art. VI.) 

(2) Stipulations concerning Russian commerce with Asiatic States 
and countries bordering on Russia. (Ibid.) 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty applies on the part of 
Portugal also to Madeira, Porto Santo and the Azores (Art. XI) ; 
and on the part of Russia to Finland (Notes, 12 Nov. 1906 1^^). 

182 See No. 440. 

iss French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 548. 



738 PORTUGAL AND SEKB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

Treaty with the Serb -Croat- Slovene State/'* 
No. 426. 

Commercial convention between Portugal and Serbia. 

SIGNED 3 Sept., 1910, at Vienna. Effective from 23 Aug., 1911, until 31 
pec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. IX.) 

ITEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 105 : 782-7 ; Serbian, Serbia Srbsl^e Novine 1911, 
No. 116. 

I. Most-favored nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting any favor, 
privilege, or reduction of duties which either country may accord 
to any third power in matters concerning importation, exportation 
or transit. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation is further reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

{a) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion,' or transit ; with special reference to payment of duties of im- 
portation, excise, octroi, or consumption, whether levied by the State 
or by communes in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Export duties payable in either country on exports to the 
other. (Art. II.) ^ ^di h: 

((?) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV) as noted below 
under III h. 

(d) Treatment to be accorded by Serbia to specified products 
of any Portuguese colonies, from whatever place arriving; and to 
similar products of other colonies or of non-European countries, 
when imported from Portugal. (Art. VII and final protocol.) 

XL National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
reciprocally pledged respecting all rights, privileges,' immunities, 
favors, and exemptions concerning exercise of commerce and in- 
dustry in either country, and payment of imposts relating thereto; 
subject to special laws and regulations applying to all foreigners in 
matters of establishment, commerce, industry, and police. (Art. I.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Certificates of origin may be required by either country for 
purposes named. (Art. III.) 

(b) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except in 
the following cases applying to all countries under the same con- 
ditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. 

(2) Consideration of internal security of the State. 

^8* See p. 771, note 197. 



PORTUGAL AND SIAM. 739 

(3) Sanitary measures, or measures to prevent propagation of 
diseases or destruction of plants, especially by noxious insects or 
parasites. 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal hiAvs on production, sale, or trans- 
portation of similar articles of native production. 

(5) Articles monopolized by the State, or by communes. (Art. 
IV.) 

(c) Detailed stipulations concerning reciprocal recognition of 
regional designations of wines produced in either country, and pro- 
tection of these designations against false imitations by prohibiting 
importation and sale of such wines, unless accompanied by official 
certificates to establish their origin and purity. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Detailed statement of duties payable on importation of speci- 
fied Portuguese wines into Serbia. (Art. YI and final protocol.) 

(e) Arbitration of differences concerning interpretation or ap- 
plication of this convention, and detailed statement of procedure 
relating thereto. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The reciprocal most-favored-nation treatment 
accorded by this convention does not apply to : 

(a) Favors which Portugal may accord exclusively to Spain and 
Brazil. 

(h) Special favors resulting from a customs union. 

(c) Special arrangements with bordering States to facilitate fron- 
tier traffic. (Art. V.) 

V. Application to Portuguese colonies. — This convention ap- 
plies on the part of Portugal also to its adjacent islands: Madeira, 
Porto Santo, and the Azores. But specified products of other Portu- 
guese colonies are assured most-favored-nation treatment in Serbia, 
as noted above under I d, (Art. VII and final protocol.) 

Treaty with Siam. 
No. 427. 

Treaty of friendship^ commierce^ and navigation hetvjeen Portugal 

and Siaon. 

SIGNED 10 Feb., 1859, at Bangkok. Duration indefinite ; subject to revision 
after 28 Aug., 1871, on 12 montlis' notice from eitber party. (Art. XXXVIII.) 
TEXT: English (transL), B. F. S. P. 72: 109-21. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged with regard to : 

{a) Right of subjects of either country to all privileges which may 
be conceded in the other to subjects of any foreign nation. (Art. I.) 

{h) All privileges and exemptions accorded to consular officers. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) All privileges concerning religious worship in either country. 
(Art. VIII.) 

54083—22 48 



740 PORTUGAL AND SI AM. 

{d) Most- favored-nation treatment is further pledged to the Por- 
tuguese Government and subjects with regard to all privileges not 
mentioned in this treaty, but which Siam may accord to the govern- 
ment and subjects of any other nation. (Art. XXXVI.) ■^' y * 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Portuguese vessels in Siamese ports respecting all privi- 
leges and immunities which may be granted to Siamese or any other 
vessels. (Art. XXIV.) 

III. National treatment is pledged with regard to : 

{a) Taxation of freehold property in Siam owned by Portuguese 
subjects conformabl37 to conditions stated. (Art. XIII.) 

(b) Application to each other's vessels of any reduction of duties 
which either country may make in favor of merchandise imported 
or exported in its own ships, {^vt. XXXI.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Protection of persons and property of subjects of either coun- 
try in the other. (Art. I.) 

{h) Eight of Portuguese subjects in Siam to free exercise of their 
religion and right to build churches. (Art. VIII.) 

{c) Portuguese subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be regis- 
tered at the Portuguese consulate in the manner described. 
(Art. IX.) 

{d) Right of Portuguese subjects to reside in Siam within bounda- 
ries named (and beyond these limits by special permission) ; also to 
trade freely and securely in all parts of Siam without interference 
from any monopolv or exclusive privilege of purchase or sale. 
(Art. XL) 

{e) Right of Portuguese subjects to buy, sell, rent, or build 
houses, establish depots and stores, and to buy, sell, or lease lands 
and plantations, subject to restrictions named, Siam reserving the 
right to cancel the sale or to resume such lands if not cultivated 
within three years from date of possession. (Arts. XII, XIII.) 

(/) Exemption of Portuguese vessels in Siamese ports from all 
taxes for tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, and any other charges what- 
ever, after payment of import and export duties fixed by this treaty. 
(Art. XXIV.) 

(g) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported in Portu- 
guese vessels not to exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. XXV), which 
shall never be increased (Art. XXVII). After pa3^ment of these 
duties, Portuguese subjects may freely import into or export from 
Siam to or from any foreign port all kinds of merchandise, except 
specified articles subject to restrictions named. (Arts. XXVIII, 
XXIX.) ir/. /.'. 



PORTUGAL AND SPAIN. 741 

(h) Siamese products exported m Portuguese vessels to pay only 
the duties specified in the tariff annexed to this treaty (Art. XXVI), 
which shall never be increased (Art. XXVII). 

(^) Exemption of specie, provisions, and objects of personal use 
from import or export duties. (Art. XXX.) 

(j) Right of Portuguese subjects to own and operate mines in any 
part of Siam and to engage in lawful manufacturing of any kind. 
(Art. XXXIV.) 

(k) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to appointment, 
functions, and privileges of consuls (Arts. II- VI. X, XIX, and 
XXXV) ; punishment of subjects of either country offending or in- 
juring subjects of the other (Art. VII) ; disposal of property left by 
subjects of either country dying in the other (Art. XIV) ; employ- 
ment of Siamese subjects (Art XVI) : arrest of criminals and sea- 
men deserters (Art. XVII) ; freedom of Portuguese subjects to leave 
Siam (Art. XVIII) ; recovery of debts (Art. XX) ; bankruptcy 
(Art. XXI) ; Portuguese warships (Art. XXII, XXXII) ; assist- 
ance to ships in distress (Art. XXIII) : piracy and robbery on shore 
(Art. XXXIII). 

(Z) Detailed regulations to be observed by Portuguese ships in 
Siamese waters. (Annexed.) 

(m) Tariff schedules of inland and export duties. (Annexed.) 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 428. 

Treaty of cominerce mid navigation hetiveen Portugal and Spain. 

SIGNED 27 Mar., 1893, at Madrid. Effective from 1 Oct., 1893, for 10 years, 
and thereafter for successive periods of 5 years. Terminable at the close of 
each period bv notice from either partv given 12 months before." (Art. XXVII.) 

TEXT: Spanish and Portuguese, Spain Tr. 10:403-582; Portugal Tr. 9:77- 
164; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 85:416-63. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) respecting any ad- 
vantages which either party may grant to any other country in re- 
gard to warehousing, reexportation, transit, transshipment and navi- 
gation in general. (Art. VII and final protocol, I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

(a) Any prohibition which either country may establish against 
the other regarding importation or exportation of merchandise. 
But this principle does not apply to : 

(1) Importation, exportation, or transit of articles of State mo- 
nopoly. 

(2) Prohibitions or temporary restrictions imposed on sanitary 
grounds to prevent spread of cattle plagues or destruction of har- 
vests. 

* Terminated 30 Sept., 1913. 



742 FOE TUG AL AND SPAIN. 

(3) Measures relating to war. (Art. II.) 

(b) Duties imposed by either country on products of the other 
listed in Schedules E and F annexed to this treaty. (Arts. XIII, 
XIV.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to: 
(a) All privileges, immunities, and favors in matters of commerce 

and industry, and all taxes, imposts, or contributions of any kind 
relating thereto. (Art. I.) 

(h) Octroi or consumption dues payable in either country on im- 
ported products of the other, whether levied by the State, or by 
provinces or municipalities, which must not be iiigher than on simi- 
lar merchandise of native production. (Art. III.) 

(c) Advantages accorded by law to natives of either country in 
matters concerning ownership of trade-marks and of industrial or 
commercial models or drawings, (iirt. VI.) 

(d) Any dues pavable by ships of either country in ports of the 
other. (Art. XX. )^ 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or solicitmg orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a certificate 
of identity in the form prescribed. (Art. IV and Form A.) 

(h) Products listed in Schedule A annexed to this treaty are ex- 
empt from import, export, and transit dues in either country when 
conveyed by common roads or railways on the frontier or upon rivers 
serving as boundia'ies between two countries. (Arts. VIII, XXII, 
and Schedule A.) 

(c) Products of either country listed in Schedule B may circulate 
freely through the frontiers by land or rivers,, subject to formalities 
stated. (Art. IX and Schedule B.) 

(d) Specified import duties to be levied in either country on prod- 
ucts of the other listed in Schedules C and D, if imported directly by 
sea. No reduction of these duties can be granted to any third power 
by either country without the otlier's consent. (Art. X, XI.) 

(e) Temporary duty-free admission by either country of commer- 
cial travelers' samples from the other, subject to customs formalities 
relating thereto. (Art. XVI.) 

(/) Certificates of origin may be required by either country, under 
conditions stated. (Art. XV and Form B.) 

{g) Portuguese products from Portuguese ports shall not be sub- 
ject to any surtax in Spain, and products from Spanish ports are ex- 
empt from similar surtaxes in Portugal. (Art. XXIV.) 

(A) Extensive and detailed regulations concerning trade by sea, 
over frontier roads, or by rivers serving as boundaries between the 



PORTUGAL ATsP sw?:den. 743 

two coiinti-ies. and concermirip: fiscal supervision, suppression of fraud 
and smu<r^lin<r. transit trade, and police service of the coast and 
fisheries. (Art. XVII and A})pendices 1-6.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 
(a) The coast in <: trade of either country, which is reserved for 

regulation by their respective laws. (Art. XXI.) 

(h) Special advantaL^es which Portuo;al may g^rant to Brazil. 
(Art. XXIII.) 

(c) Advantages accorded to the South African Eepublic and the 
Orancfe Free State by treaties with Portugal. (Final protocol.) 

V. Territorial application. — The provisions of this treaty are also 
applicable, on the part of Spain, to the Balearic and Canary Islands; 
and on the part of Portugal, to the archipelagoes of Madeira and the 
Azores. (Art. XXVI.) 

Treaty with Sweden. 

No. 429. 

Declaration between Portugal and S^Dcden- relating to commerce amd 
navigation. 

SIGNED 16 Apr., 1904, at Lisbon. Ratifications exchanged there 12 .Jan., 
1907. Etfective from 12 Jan.. 1907, nntil ternr'njited by 12 months' notice from 
either party. Bnt in case the existing limit of alcoholic stren,2:th of wines im- 
ported into Sweden is lowere<l to tlie detriment of Portuguese wines this agree- 
ment shall immediately cease to be binding. 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 552-3 ; French and Portuguese, Portugal Tr. 
12:3-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms in all that concerns commerce and navigation, with spe- 
cial reference to import duties imposed by either country on direct 
importation of products of the other, including transshipped mer- 
chandise consigned on through bills of lading, and products of Por- 
tuguese colonies reexported from Portugal to Svreden, except : 

{a) Special favors which Portugal may accord to Spain or Brazil. 
(&) Favors w^hich Sweden may accord to Xorway and Denmark ex- 
clusively. 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged regarding payment of excise, octroi, or consump- 
tion duties in either country, which must not bear more heavily on 
imported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
national or other foreign production. 

III. Territorial application. — This arrangement applies on the part 
of Portugal also to Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Azores. 



744 PORTUGAL AND ZANZIBAR. 

Treaty with Switzerland, 
No. 430. 

Commei'cial convention between Portugal and Switzerland^ and 
declaration relating thereto. 

SIGNED 20 Dec, 1905, at Berne. Effective from 28 Jan., 1907, for five 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 montlis' notice from either party, 
(Art. VII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 555-6 ; French and Portuguese, Portugal Tr, 
12 : 166-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms in all matters concerning importation, exportation, and 
transit (Art. I), except special concessions which Portugal may 
accord to Spain and Brazil exclusively (Art. IV). 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further stipulated as follows: 

{a) Portugal accords to Swiss cheese all advantages extended to 
cheese from Holland or any other country. (Art. II.) 

(&) Portuguese wines to be admitted into Switzerland on the 
same conditions as Italian wines named, or wines from any other 
country. (Art. III.) 

Products of Portuguese colonies reexported from Portugal receive 
most- favored-nation treatment in Switzerland, so long as Swiss 
products receive in the overseas Portuguese Provinces treatment as 
favorable as those from any third country. (Art. VI and decl. of 
28 Jan., 1907.i«^) 

II. Portuguese colonies. — This convention applies to the (adja- 
cent) islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Azores. (Art. V.) 

Treaty with Zanzibar. 

Treaties of Portugal with Zanzibar have been previously dealt 
with in this volume under British Empire, No. 209. 

1S5 French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 556. 



RUMANIA. 

Treaties with Austria to Norway. 

Treaties of Rumania with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 



Austria, No. 63. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 84. 
Belgium, No. 115. 
Bulgaria, Nos. 210 and 216. 
Denmark, No. 270. 
France, No. 304. 



Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire), No. 182. 
Greece, No. 344. 
Italy, No. 366. 
Montenegro, No. 394. 
Netherlands, No. 403. 
Norway, No. 412. 



Germany, Nos. 314 and 329. 

Treaty with the Principal Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 431. 

Treaty hetyjeen Ruviania. and the Principal Allied and Associated 
Powers. 

SIGNED "'' 9 Dec, 1919, at Paris. Effective from 16 July, 1920, for indefinite 
term, but various time limits are placed on operation of specified articles of the 
treaty. 

TEXT: English, U. §■., 67th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 7:40-6; G. B. T. S. 
1920, No. 6, Cmd. 558. 

I. National and most-favored-nation treatment. — Pending con- 
clusion (under auspices of the League of Nations) of general con- 
ventions on the matters named, Rumania assures national and most- 
favored-nation treatment, on condition of reciprocity (Art. 15 ^^^), to 
all the Allied and Associated Powers, and to all States members of 
the League of Nations (Art. 17), in respect to : 

{a) Treatment of vessels of all Allied and Associated Powers and 
States wliich accord similar treatment to Rumanian vessels; except 
the maritime coasting trade, which Rumania or any of said powers 
or States may confine to its national vessels. (Art. 14.) 

{h) Freedom of transit for persons, goods, vessels, carriages, 
wagons and mails in transit to or from any of said States over 

^*^ Signed by the following powers : America, United States of, British Empire, France, 
Italy, Japan, and Rumania. 

"■^ This article is terminable after 16 July, 1925, as noted below under III. 

745 



746 RUMANIA AjSTD ALLIED AND ASSOCIATED POWERS. 

Kumanian territory, including territorial waters; with special refer- 
ence to facilities, charges, restrictions, and all other matters. (Art. 

(c) International use of specified portions of the river system of 
the Pruth, conformable to Articles 332 to 338 of the treaty of peace 
with Germany.i«« (Art. 16.) 

II. Other provisions. 
Eumania undertakes and agrees : 

(a) To make no treaty, convention, or arrangement and to take no 
other action which may prevent her from joining in any general 
convention for the equitable treatment of the commerce of other 
States which may be concluded under auspices of the League of 
Nations before 16 July, 1925. (Art. 13.) 

(h) To extend to all the Allied and Associated Powers, and to 
States members of the League of Nations, any favors or privileges 
in customs matters which she may grant before. 16 July, 1925, to any 
State with which since August, 1914, said powers have been at war, or 
to any State having special customs arrangements with such States 
under Article 222 of the treaty of peace with Austria. ^^^ (Arts. 13 
and IT.) 

(e) That goods in transit through Rumanian territory, including 
territorial waters, shall be exempt from all customs or other duties; 
and that freedom of transit shall extend to postal, telegraphic, and 
telephonic services. (Art. 15.^^^) 

(d) To assure full and complete protection of life and liberty to 
all inhabitants of Rumania without distinction of birth, nation- 
ality, language, race, or religion. (Art. 2.) Differences of religion, 
creed, or confession shall not prejudice any Rumanian national in 
matters relating to civil or political rights, as, for instance, admis- 
sion to public employments, functions, and honors, the exercise of pro- 
fessions or industries. (Art. 8.) 

(e) That the stipulations of this treaty, so far as they affect 
persons belonging to racial, religious, or linguistic minorities, con- 
stitute obligations of international concern, and shall be placed under 
the guarantee of the League of Nations, as described in detail. (Art 
16.) ' '^'^^^^^^- ^ "'" '-'■'■ '■ ^-"-^ 

(/) That all rights and privileges accorded by' this treaty tb'iihe 
Allied and Associated Powers shall be accorded equally to all 
States members of the League of Nations. (Art. 17.) *'' ';'^^*' 

III. Note. — If no general convention to secure and maihtaiii free- 
dom of communications and of transit is concluded under auspices 
of the League of Nations before 16 July, 1925, Rumania may at 

• — ^ -XTTJ"!" 

187 This article is terminaWe after 16 July 1925, as noted below under III. ,. gj^rj, .rti 

18& See No. 314, III g. 

^89 See No. 63, II a. 



RVMA^^IA AND RUSSIA. , 747 

any time thereafter '\erminate the provf&ions of Article Id (noted 
under I. I l^ and II c above) by 12 months' notice in manner stated. 
(Art. 15.) 

Treaty with Russia.''* 

No. 432. 

Convenfion of commerce and navigation hctweeu Ruinania aiid 
Russia. 

SI0XP:D 9 :Mar.. 1906, ar lUicliare^t. Effective from 30 Mar.. 1906 until 
31 Dec, 1917, and tliereafter nutil terminated by 12 months" notice from either 
party. (Art. XYII,) 

TEXT : French, B. P. S. P. 101 : .562-9. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged, in treneral terms to subjects of either country in the 
other with regard to all rights, privileges, immunities, favors, and 
exemptions which either party may accord to subjects of any other 
country, in any respect; subject to special laws and regulations 
applying to all foreigners in matters of commerce, industry, police, 
and acquisition of landed property in rural communes of either 
country (Art. I), and subject to exceptions noted below. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of. or succession to, ail 
kinds of movable or immovable property which the laws of the 
country permit foreigners to acquire or possess, by will or other- 
wise. (Art. II.) 

(h) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV). as noted below 
under IV c. 

(c) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexportation, 
or transit ; with special reference to duties, taxes, surtaxes, imposts, 
contributions, or ^prohibitions imposed in either country, and any 
favors, facilities, immunities, or reductions in import duties ac- 
corded b}^ either country to any third power. (Art. V.) 

(d) Any duties imposed by either country on objects exported to 
the other, and any other favors relating to exportation. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Treatment in either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
their commercial travelers from the other with reference to pass- 
ports and payment of trade dues. (Art. X.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) Quartering of troops and other exceptional military requisi- 
tions which either country may impose on citizens of the other. 
(Art. III.) 

^ See p. 757, note 195. 



748 RUMANIA A'ND RUSSIA. 

(h) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes, 
with special reference to privileges or exemptions accorded to any 
third Power, except : 

(1) Particular advantages which either country may accord to its 
national fisheries and products thereof. (Art. XI, a.) 

(2) Favors which either country may grant to its national mer- 
chant navy. (Ibid., ^.) 

(g) Dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the other 
for light, pilotage, towage, quarantine, and similar dues affecting the 
hull of the ship, levied for services rendered or equipment used. 
(Art. XIV.) 

in. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) All rights and imposts relating to exercise of commerce and 
industry in either country. (Art. I.) 

(h) All dues, taxes, or charges under whatever name relating to 
acquisition, possession, and disposal of or succession to property, hj 
wall or otherwise, including exportation of property or of proceeds 
if sold. (xlrt. II.) 

(c) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice, and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. 

(d) Internal duties on production or consumption, whether levied 
for the State or for communes or corporations in either country. 
These must not under any pretext bear more heavily on imported 
products of the other country than on similar articles of native pro- 
duction. (Art. VI.) 

(e) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs 
or markets in the other to follow their calling and sell their prod- 
ucts, with special reference to payment of taxes. (Art. X.) 

(/) Any dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other for guarding of cargo not discharged at that port. (Art, 
XIII.) 

(g) Treatment of vessels of either country wrecked on coasts of 
the other, with special reference to any favors or immunities ac- 
corded by law in either country to its shipwrecked vessels. Salvaged 
merchandise to be exempt from all customs duties, unless landed for 
consumption in the country. (Art. XV.) 

(A) Eight of subjects of either country to use specified equipments 
and services in the other established for public use, such as high- 
ways, waterways, canals, locks, ferries, bridges, ports, landings, 
pilotage, cranes, weighbridges, warehouses, salvaging facilities, and 
other establishments intended for public service and commercial use, 
whether administered by the State or privately under State author- 



RUMANIA AND RUSSIA. 749 

ity. No dues to be collected unless the equipment or service was 
actually used, except for pilotage and maritime lighthouse service. 
(Art. XVI.) 
IV. Other provisions. 

(a) The period of three years allowed to foreigners by the Rus- 
sian ukase of 14 Mar., 1887, for liquidation of landed property is 
extended for Rumanians to ten 3^ears. (Art. II.) 

(h) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from ob- 
ligation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal functions 
(except guardianship), from all personal military service by land or 
sea, and from all military imposts, contributions, forced loans, or 
requisitions of any kind, except those incumbent on possession of 
landed property, and except as noted above under 11a. (Art. III.) 

(c) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit over 
commercial routes open to transit, except for the following reasons 
appljdng to all countries under the same conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances, (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures, and to protect animals and useful plants 
from disease, insects, and noxious parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or re- 
strictions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or distri- 
bution of similar articles of national production. (Ibid., 4.) 

(5) Objectsof Government monopoly in either country. (Ibid., 5.) 

(d) Exemption of merchandise of any kind from all transit duties 
in either country when passing by a commercial route open to tran- 
sit, whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and re- 
loaded. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a license 
card in the form prescribed. (Art. X.) 

(/) Reciprocal exemption of commercial travelers' samples from 
import and export duties, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. X.) 

(g) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge for- 
eign cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but 
coasting trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XI.) 

(h) Nationality of vessels to be recognized according to ship's 
papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each country. 
(Art. XII.) 

(^) Vessels of either country are exempt in ports of the other 
from tonnage and clearance duties, under conditions stated (Art. 
XIV) ; except as noted under II c above. 



750 RUMANIA AND SEEB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this convention do not apply to: 

(1) Favors which either country may accord to bordering States 
to facilitate traffic in a frontier zone up to 15 kilometers wide. (Art. 
IX, 1.) 

(2) Favors respecting importation and exportation which Russia 
may accord to inhabitants of the Province of Archangel, or on the 
north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 2.) *' 

(3) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. XI.) 

(h) The provisions of Articles V, VII, and VIII (noted above 
under I c and ^, and IV d) do not apply to special stipulations of 
the treaty of 8 May, 1838,^^^ between Russia and Sweden and Norway, 
nor to stipulations respecting Russian commerce with Asiatic States 
and countries bordering on Russia. (Art. IX.) 

Treaty with the Serb- Croat- Slovene State."^ 

No. 433. 

Convention of commeixe and navigation l)etween Rumania- and 
Serbia. 

SIGNED 5 Jan.. 1907. at Bucharest. Effective from 16 Apr., 1907, for four 
years, and tliereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. XVII.) Both parties reserve the right to introduce modifications at 
any time by common consent, consistent with the spirit and j^eneral principles 
of the treaty. (Art. XVI.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 573-8 ; Martens 85 : 570-5. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any favor, privilege, or immunity which either country 
may accord to any third power, with special reference to tariff re- 
ductions on importation or exportation of products of either country, 
and matters concerning import and export duties (amount, guaranty, 
and collection), transit, reexportation, warehousing, local dues, and 
customs formalities. (Art. V.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Acquisition, possession, or alienation of real or personal 
property of any kind in either country. (Art. II.) 

{h) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV), as noted below 
under IV &. 

101 See No. 440. 

^«2 See p. 771, note 197. 



RUMANIA AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 751 

(6') Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whetlier destined for consumption, warehousin;[^, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. 
VI.) 

{d) Xi\y duties which either country may impose on exports to 
the other, and anv other favors relating to exportation. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(e) Any advantaires which either country ma}^ accord in respect 
to its coasting trade. (Art. XI, 2.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) All rights, immunities, favors, and exemptions concerning 
exercise of commerce and industry in either country, and all imposts 
relating thereto, subject to special laws and regulations applying to 
all foreigners in matters of commerce, industry, and police (Art. I), 
and subject to exceptions noted below. 

{h) Internal duties levied in either country on production or 
consumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or 
corporations. Such duties must not bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
domestic or other foreign production. (Art. X.) 

{c) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, except : 

(1) Advantages which either country may accord to its national 
fisheries. (Ibid., 1.) 

(2) The coasting trade of either country in respect of which most- 
favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged. (Ibid., 2.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) Payment of taxes, imposts, or charges of whatever kind relat- 
ing to acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, prop- 
erty in either country, including duties on export of proceeds of 
property sold. (Art. II.) 

(h) Military contributions or requisitions imposed by either 
country in peace or war, and right to indemnities established by the 
laws of the country in favor of nationals. (Art. III.) 

(c) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other, 
from whatever place arriving and whatever their destination, with 
special reference to payment of dues for tonnage, port, pilotage, 
lighthouse, quarantine, and similar dues of whatever kind, whether 
levied for the Government, or for officials, corporations, or estab- 
lishments of any kind. (Art. XIII.) 



752 KUMANIA AND SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(d) Any dues payable by vessels of either country seeking refuge 
in ports of the other from damage or shipwreck. (Art. XIV.) 

{e) All favors and immunities granted by laws of either country 
to stranded or shipwrecked vessels and their cargoes; with special 
reference to payment of salvage expenses. (Art. XV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

{a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service by land or sea. (Art. III.) 

(b) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit ; except for 
the following reasons, applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public securit}^ (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitarv measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from diseases, noxious insects, and parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws prohib- 
iting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation of 
similar articles of national production. (Ibid., 4.) 

{(') Exemption of merchandise of any kind from all transit duties 
in either country when passing by a commercial route open to tran- 
sit, whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and re- 
loaded. (Art. VII.) 

{d) Certificates of origin may be required bj^ either country for 
reasons stated. (Art. IX.) 

(e) Products of either country are exempt in the other from all 
internal duties when imported for warehousing or transit. (Art. X.) 

(/) Right of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage. But coast- 
ing trade is excepted. (Art. XI.) 

{g) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by the competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. XII.) 

( h) Merchandise salvaged in either country from ships of the other 
is exempt from all customs duties, unless released for domestic con- 
sumption. (Art. XV.) 

V. Exceptions. — The most-favored-nation provisions noted above 
under I do not apply to : 

(a) Favors which either country may accord to other bordering 
States to facilitate frontier traffic within fifteen kilometers of the 
boundary line. (Art. V, 1.) 

{h) Obligations which may be imposed upon either country by 
engagements of a customs union. (Ibid., 2.) 



RUMANIA AND SPAIN. 753 

Treaty with Spain. 
No. 434. 

Treaty of commerce hcMceen Rumania and Spain. 

SIGNED 1 Dec. 1908, at Vienna. Ratifications exchanged there 19 Feb., 
3909. Duration indefinite, subject to termination by either party on 12 months' 
notice. (Art. YII.) 

TEXT: English (transl.). B. F. S. P. 101:1049-51: French, Martens 89: 
879-81. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) with regard to all 
rights, immunities, privileges, and exemptions concerning exercise 
of commerce and industry in either country, and payment of imposts 
relating thereto, subject to special laws and regulations applying to 
all foreigners in matters of establishment, commerce, industry, and 
police. (Art. I.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to pa^^ment of duties. (Art. 

n.) 

{h) Export duties imposed by either countr}^ on merchandise ex- 
porte4 to the other. (Ibid.) 

{c) Any advantages or reduction of duties which either country 
may accord to another State with regard to matters mentioned above 
under I a and &. (Ibid.) 

{d) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose on 
importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV), as noted below under 
III I, 

{e) Treatment to be accorded in either country to ships of the other 
and their cargoes. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Any advantages or privileges which either country may grant 
in respect to its coasting trade, or of fishing rights in its territorial 
waters. (Notes of 14 and 18 Feb., 1909.^^^) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting all rights 
and taxes regarding exercise of commerce and industry. (Art. I.) 

III. Other provisions. 

{a) Certificates of origin may be required by either country for 
reasons stated. (Art. III.) 

(b) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except 
in the following cases appl3ang to all countries under the same con- 
ditions : 

iss English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 101:1051-2; Spanish, Martens 89: 882. 



754 RUMANIA AND SWEDEN. 

(1) Munitions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Reasons concerning the internal safety of the State. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to prevent spread of epizootic diseases 
and destruction of plants by insects or noxious parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or transporta- 
tion of similar articles of domestic production. (Ibid., 4.) 

(5) Articles of State monopoly. (Ibid., 5.) 

(c) Nationality of vessels to be recognized in accordance with 
ships' papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art. VI.) 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this convention do not ap- 
ply to : 

(a) Exceptional treatment which Spain may concede to Portugal 
or Morocco. (Art. V.) 

(h) The special regime obtaining in the frontier zones which either 
country may concede to a third power. (Ibid.) 

Treaty with Sweden. 

No. 435. 

Convention of commerce and navigation hetween Ruma^nia and 
Sioeden. 

SIGNED 3 Mar., 1910, at Berlin. Ratifications exchanged there 22 Apr., 1910. 
Effective from 7 May, 1910, subject to termination at any time on 12 months' 
notice from either party. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 10.3: 997-9; Martens 91: 902-4. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms (subject to exceptions noted below) regarding any advan- 
tages or tariff reductions* which either country may accord in mat- 
ters relating to importation or exportation. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard .to : 

{a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, w^arehousing, reexportation, 
or transit, with special reference to payment of duties. (Art. II.) 

{h) Export duties imposed by either country on merchandise ex- 
ported to the other. (Art. II.) 

{c) Treatment to be accorded in either country to ships of the 
other and their cargoes. (Art. V.) 

{d) Exceptional prohibitions which either country may impose 
on importation, exportation, or transit (Art. IV), as noted below 
under III t. 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocall}^ pledged in general terms with regard to all rights, im- 



RUMANIA AND SWITZERLAND. 755 

m unities, favors, and exemptions concerning exercise of commerce 
and industry in either country and all imposts relating thereto, sub- 
ject to special laws and regulations applying to all foreigners in 
matters of establishment, commerce, industry, and police. (Art. I.) 

III. Other provisions. ' ' 

(a) Certificates of origin may be required by either country for 
reasons stated. (Art. III.) 

(b) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit, except 
in the following cases applying to all countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. lY, 1.) 

(2) Eeasons concerning the internal safety of the State. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to prevent spread of epizootic diseases 
and destruction of plants by insects or noxious parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to foreign merchandise of prohibitions or restric- 
tions imposed by internal laws on production, sale, or transportation 
of similar articles of domestic production. (Ibid., 4.) 

(5) Articles of State monopoly. (Ibid., 5.) , , 

(c) Nationality of vessels to be recognized m^ adcbrdance with 
ships' papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each 
country. (Art.' V.^ 

IV. Exceptions. — The stipulations of this convention do not ap- 

ply to: ' .. , i ,- ., V [ ;-,^ l l r r • [ r ' i 

(a) Advantages wb'ich eitfaer coumry may aCcoVci exciusively to 
bordering States to facilitate frontier traffic. (Art. YI.) 

(h) Special concessions which Sweden may accord exclusively to 
the subjects, merchandise, and commercial, industrial, or financial 
companies of Norway. (Final protocol.) 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 436. 

Convention of commerce hetween Rumania and Sioitzerland. 

SIGNED 3 Mar., 1893, at Bucharest. Effective until 31 Dec, 1917, and 
thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Addi. 
conv. of 29 Dec. 1904.''*) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. ST : 100-2 ; French and German, Martens 71 : 62-8. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms to subjects and products of either country (subject to ex- 
ceptions noted below) respecting all privileges, immunities, and ad- 
vantages which either party may accord to any other nation, subject 
to special laws and regulations applying to all foreigners in matters 
of commerce, industry, police, and public security. (Art. I.) 

^8* French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 578. 
.^4083—22 49 



756 EUMANIA AND SWITZERLAND. 

Most-faTored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

(a) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, ^vhether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to payment of duties. 
(Art. II.) 

(h) Export duties imposed by either country on merchandise ex- 
ported to the other. (Art. II.) 

(c) Any favor, privilege, or reduction of duties which either coun- 
try ma}^ accord to a third power with regard to matters mentioned 
above under I a and h. (Art. II.) 

{d) All matters concerning transit through either country. 
(Art. 11.) 

(e) Formalities to be observed by commercial travelers of either 
country in the other. (Art. III.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged to manufacturers and merchants of either coun- 
try regarding protection of trade-marks and similar designations ox 
merchandise. (Art. V.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Merchandise of any kind passing to or from either country is 
exempt in the other from all transit duties. (Art. II.) 

(b) Detailed provisions concerning right of merchants, manufac- 
turers, and commercial travelers of either country to make purchases 
and book orders in the other, with or without samples (except as 
noted below under IV &), on condition of being furnished with a 
license in the form prescribed. (Art. III.) 

(c) Temporary duty-free admission into either country of com- 
mercial travelers' samples from the other, subject to customs for- 
malities relating thereto. (Art. IV.) 

(d) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
military service or imposts, and from all extraordinary requisitions 
imposed in exceptional circumstances, except charges, contributions, 
or requisitions incumbent on possession of landed property. 
(Art. VI.) 

(e) Arbitration of disputes regarding interpretation or applica- 
tion of this convention. (Art. VII.) 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this convention do not apply to State monop- 
olies and measures for their exploitation. (Art. I.) 

(h) Provisions concerning commercial travelers, etc. (noted above 
under III h), do not apply to peddlers and other itinerant indus- 
tries, nor to soliciting orders from persons not engaged in commerce 
or industry. (Art. III.) 



RUSSIA."^ 

Treaties with Austria-Hungary to Rumania. 

Treaties of Russia witii the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 



Austria-Hungary, Xo. S5. 

Belgium. Xo. 116. 

Bulgaria, No. 217. 

Denmark, No. 271. 

Egypt (under British Empire), 

No. 208. 
Finland, No. 286. 
Germany, Nos. 330 and 331. 
Great Britain (under British 
Empire), Nos. 183 and 184. 



Greece, No. 345. 
Japan, No. 380. 
Mexico, No. 391. 
Montenegro, No. 395. 
Netherlands, No. 404. 
Persia, No. 419. 
Portugal, No. 425. 
Eumania, No. 432. 



Treaty with the Serb- Croat- Slovene State."*" 
No. 43 7. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation 'between Russia and Serbia. 

SIGNED 28 Feb., 1907, at Belgrade. Effective from 6 June, 1907, until 31 
Dec, 1917, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either 
party. (Art. XX.) 

TEXT: French (transL), B. F. S. P. 100:1126-33; German, Martens 
88 : 991-7. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms to subjects of either country in the 
other respecting all rights, immunities, favors, and exemptions ac- 
corded to subjects of any other nation; subject to special laws and 
regulations applying to all foreigners relative to commerce and in- 
dustry in either country (Art. I), and subject to exceptions noted 
below. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to, all 
kinds of movable or immovable property which the laws of the 
country permit foreigners to acquire or possess, b}^ will or otherwise. 
(Art. il.) 



1S6 Treaties of the former Russian Empire have been included in this volume to show 
the character and extent of the Empire's commercial treaty relations before the World 
War. 

i8« See p. 771, note 197. 

757 



758 RUSSIA AN-D SEEB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(f)) Quartering of troops and other exceptional military requisi- 
tions which either country may impose on citizens of the other. 
(Art. III.) 

{c) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations of either country are permitted to 
exercise in the other; with special reference to actions in courts of 
justice. (Art. IV.) 

{d) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit: with special reference to duties, taxes, octroi, 
customs surtaxes, import prohibitions, and direct or indirect imposts. 
(Art. VI.) 

{e) Any favor, privilege, and reduction of customs duties which 
either country may accord to any third power. (Art. VI.) 

(/) Any duties imposed by either country on objects exported to 
the other and any other favors relating to exportation. (Art. VIII.) 

{g) Treatment in either country of merchants, manufacturers, 
and their commercial travelers from the other with reference to pass- 
ports and pajanent of trade dues. (Art. XL) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or corpora- 
tions. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported products 
of, the other country than on similar articles of domestic or other 
foreign production. (Art. VII.) 

(&) Treatment by either country of vessels of the other and their 
cargoes, from whatever place arriving and whatever their destina- 
tion, and whatever the place of origin or destination of the cargoes; 
except : 

(1) Special immunities accorded to national fisheries and prod- 
ucts thereof . (Art. XII, a.) 

(2) Favors which mav be accorded to national merchant vessels. 
(Ibid., h.) 

(3) The coasting trade of both countries (Art. XII), as noted 
below under Y a^. 

{c) Dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the other 
for light, pilotage, towage, quarantine, and similar dues levied for 
services rendered or equipment used. (Art. XV.) 

{d) Application of freight rates to merchandise of either country 
transported over railways of the other ; except reduced rates allowed 
in the public interest, or for charitable objects. (Art. XVIII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) All rights and imposts relating to exercise of commerce and 

industry in either country. (Art. I.) 



RUSSIA AND SEBBH^ROAT-SLOYENE STATE. 759 

(b) All dues, taxes, or charges under whatever name relating to 
acquisition, possession, and disposal of or succession to property, by 
will or otherwise, including exportation of property or of proceeds 
if sold. (Art. 11.) 

(c) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of jus- 
tice, and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. 

(d) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs or 
markets in the other to follow their calling and sell their products; 
with special reference to payment of taxes. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Am^ dues payable by vessels of either country in ports of the 
other for guarding of cargp ,^Q,t,,4i^cl^M^!ei^. i^ti^l^l^^, PRf.^vi (tV^- 
-^^ * •) t f^fy '!'^d"tr» orf-t 't'> -c-.l-KMi IfT'^To'ftfh t/; r^V''"- 

(/) Treatment of vessels of either country Avrecked on coasts of 
the other, with special reference to any favors or privileges accorded 
by law in either countr}^ to its shipwrecked vessels. Salvaged mer- 
chandise to be exempt from all customs duties, unless landed for 
consumption in the country. (Art. XVI.) ^ 

(g) Eight of subjects of either country to use specified equip- 
ments and services in the other established for public use, such as 
highways, waterways, canals, locks, ferries, bridges, ports, landings, 
pilotage, cranes, weighbridges, warehouses, salvaging facilities, and 
other establishments intended for public service and commercial use, 
whether administered by the State or privately under State au- 
thority. No dues to be collected unless the equipment or service was 
actually used, except for pilotage and maritime lighthouse service. 
(Art. XVII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from obliga- 
tion to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal office (except 
guardianship), from all military service by land or sea, from all 
charges, forced loans and military requisitions, and from all charges 
of any kind imposed during war or any extraordinary circumstances ; 
except quartering of troops and other military charges incumbent 
on possession of landed property. (Art. III.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibition against importation, exportation, or transit over 
commercial routes open to transit, except for the, following reasons: 

(1) Articles of State monopoly in either country. 

(2) Measures of hygiene, veterinary police, and of public safety. 

(3) Other considerations of extraordinary importance. (Art. V.) 



t60 RUSSIA AND SEEB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE. 

(c) Exemption of merchandise of any kind from all transit duties 
in either country when passing by a commercial route open to transit, 
whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and reloaded. 
(Art. IX.) 

(d) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a license 
card in the form prescribed. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Eeciprocal exemption of commercial travelers' samples from 
import and export duties, subject to customs regulations relating 
thereto. (Art. XI.) 

(/) Eight of vessels of either country to load or discharge foreign 
cargo at different ports of the other on the same voyage, but coasting 
trade is expressly excepted. (Art. XII.) 

(g) Nationality of vessels to be recognized according to ship's 
papers issued by competent authorities under laws of each country. 
(Art. XIII.) 

(h) Vessels of either country are exempt in ports of the other from 
tonnage and clearance duties, under conditions stated (Art. XV) ; 
except as noted under II c above. 

(^) Both countries reserve a free hand to regulate rates on their 
railways (Art. XVIII) ; but agree to take necessary steps, in con- 
junction with the respective railway administrations and navigation 
companies, to secure and improve direct transport communications 
between the two countries, to which the most advantageous tariffs 
shall be applied. (Art. XIX.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(1) Favors resulting from conditions of a customs union which 
either party may conclude with any third power. (Art. X, 1.) 

(2) Favors accorded to other bordering countries to facilitate 
frontier traffic Avithin fifteen kilometers of the boundary line. (Ibid.) 

(3) Favors respecting importation and exportation which Eussia 
may accord to inhabitants of the Province of Archangel, or on the 
north and east coasts of Siberia. (Ibid., 2.) 

(4) The coasting trade, which is reserved for regulation by the 
laws of each country. (Art. XII.) 

(h) Articles VI, VIII, and IX of this treaty (noted above under 
I d-f^ and IV c) do not apply to special stipulations of the treaty of 8 
May, 1838,^^^^ between Eussia and Sweden and Norway, nor to stipu- 
lations respecting Eussian commerce with Asiatic States and countries 
bordering on Eussia. (Art. X.) 

196a See No. 440. 



RUSvSrA AND SPAIN. 761 

Treaty with Siam. 
No. 438. 

Declaration between Russia and Siam relating to commerce and 
navigation. 

SIGNED 23 June, 1899, at Bangkok. Effective from date of signatiu-e until 
conclusion of a treaty of friendship and connuerce, subject to termination on 
sx months' notice by either party. 

TEXT: French (authentic), B. F. S. P. 92:109-10. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged respecting 
all rights and privileges which either country maj' accord by treaty 
to subjects of other nations in matters relating to jurisdiction, com- 
merce, and navigation. 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 439. 

Exchange of notes regulating coinniercial relations and navigation 
between Russia and Spain. 

SIGNED 6 Feb., 1895, and 14 Feb., 1912, at Madrid and St. Petersburg re- 
s;pectively. Effective until conclusion of a definitive treaty ; subject to ter- 
mination ou three months' notice by either party. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 621-2 ; 105 : 998 ; Spani?.h and French, 
Spain Tr. 11 : 201-2. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged as fol- 
lows: 

{a) Each country concedes to the other its lowest customs duties, 
and any tariff advantages or reductions which either has accorded 
to any third power. (Notes of 1895.) 

{h) Treatment of vessels of either country are assured most- 
favored-nation treatment in ports of the other on condition of reci- 
procity, with special reference to : 

(1) Payment of duties and taxes of every description, whether 
levied for the State, or for communes, corporations, public officers, 
or establishments of any kind. 

(2) All matters relating to the placing, loading, and unloading of 
vessels in ports, roadsteads, bays, basins, and docks, of either coun- 
try. 

(3) All formalities and arrangements affecting vessels and their 
crews or cargoes. (Notes of 1912.) 



762 RUSSIA AND SWEDEN. 

Treaties with Sweden. 
No. 440. 

Treaty of coiivnierce and navigation hetween Russia and Sweden. 

SIGNED 8 May, 1838, at Stockholm. Effective from 1 Sept., 1838, for 10 years, 
and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
(Art. IX.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 2,7 : 779-92 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 969-73. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is provisionally pledged to 
Swedish or Norwegian vessels in Baltic or Black Sea ports with re- 
gard to payment of duties pending further regulation of the sub- 
ject. (Art. I.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
{a) All dues for port, tonnage, lighthouse, pilotage, salvage, and 

all other dues or charges under whatever name imposed in ports of 
either country on ships of the other, Avhether levied by the State, or 
by communes, or private establishments of any kind. (Art. I.) 

[h) Importation and exportation. All objects of commerce per- 
mitted to be imported into or exported from either country in its 
own vessels may likewise be imported or exported in ships of the 
other, from whatever place arriving, without paying other or higher 
duties of any kind than Avhen carried in national vessels. But spe- 
cial advantages concerning importation or exportation of certain 
articles (subject to exceptions named) may be conceded by either 
country for an equivalent to any third power. (Arts. II, III.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Dried or salted fish brought by Norwegian ships to Archangel 
may be admitted without bill of lading and sold on board ship ; and 
similarl}^ merchandise brought in Russian ships from the White Sea 
ma^' be sold on board ship in specified Norwegian ports. (Art. V.) 

{!)) Products of Sweden or :of Finland imported from either coun- 
try into the other pay the duties specified in the special tariffs an- 
nexed to the treaty. 

{(') Extensive and detailed provisions regarding special or ex- 
ceptional treatment of specified products and vessels of either coun- 
try, in the other. ( Arts,^ JV-VII and^a.d|il.,^^yt. atta^^l^pcl.^ , 



No. 44 1: 



^ A i','-AA^r.n 



Convention of cominercey navigation^ and indy^stTU between Russia 

and Sv^eden. , , .,-. y ■■ ,■ -v- 

SIGNED 9 Aug., 1906, at St. Petersburg. Effective from date of signature. 
Terminable on 12 months' notice from either party. 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 101:585-6; Sweden Tr. 1910:997-8. 

Most-favored -nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in all mat- 
ters concerning commerce, navigation, industry, and import duties, 
except : 



KLTSSTA ANiD SWITZERLAND. 763 

(a) Sipecinl .Lavj>|'Sjj\js»liich t^weden may accord exclusively to the 
subjects. uierc]uindisie^/tji|^^}j,(?or^irnercial. industrial, or financial asso- 
ciations of Norway. .. •. . . 

(h) Stipulations regarding Kussian commerce with Asiatic States 
or countries bordering on Kussia. 

. (c) Favors which Kussia may grant to residents of the Province 
of Archangel regarding importation or exportation, or concerning 
trade with the north and east coasts of Siberia. But Swedish im- 
ports may claim the benefit of any customs facilities accorded to 
imports into these territories from any European State or from 
North America. 

(d) The coasting trade of both countries, which is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 442. 

Convention of seftl-ement and commerce hetioeen Russia and SiolU 
zerland. ''•'' '-^•'^■' !••■_■ 

SIGNED 26 Dec!, is^T2?at Berne. Effecf.ve for 10 years' an?i' thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XII.) (fdilJlK 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 63 : 631-5. ... 

[. ]\Iost-favored-r!ation treatment is reciprocally but condition- 
ally pledged in general terms respecting all privileges, favors, or 
immunities which either country may accord to any other State in 
matters concerning commerce, settlement, and exercise of industrial 
professions. (Art. ^^TCI.) ii^di r\)iw bsvioo'^ : 

Most-favored-nation treatment is furthfef reciprocally pledged w^ith 
regard to : 

(■a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of or succession to all 
kinds of movable or immovable property which the law^s of the coun- 
trv permit foreigners to acquire or possess, by will or otherwise. 
(Art. IV.) 

(h) All taxes, duties, imposts, contributions, or charges of any 
kind payable by subjects of either country in the other in time of 
peace or war. (Art. VI.) 

(c) Any restrictions which either country may impose regarding 
appointment of consuls. Consular agents of either country engag- 
ing in commerce are subject, as regards their commercial transac- 
tions, to the same laws and usages as subjects of the most-favored 
nation. (Art. VIIL) ' i 

(d) All privileges, powers, exemptions, and immunities accorded 
to consular officers in either country, on condition of reciprocity. 
(Art. X.) 



764 RUSSIA Ai^D SWITZERLAND. 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged to subjects of either country in the other with re- 
gard to residence, establishment, passports, permits, exercise of com- 
merce, industry, and professions, and all rights, privileges, exemp- 
tions, taxes, charges, or conditions relating to any of these matters, 
subject to special laws and regulations applying to all foreigners in 
matters of commerce, industry, and police. (Art. I.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Eight of subjects of either country and their families to enter 

and reside or settle in any part of the other; to hire and occupy 
houses and warehouses; to engage in any profession or industry; 
and to trade in all articles of lawful commerce by wholesale or retail 
in person or otherwise. (Art. I.) 

(h) All rights and privileges concerning access to courts of jus- 
tice in either country, and employment of advocates or other agents 
therein. (Art. III.) 

(c) Right of subjects of either country to inherit property in the 
other and take possession thereof in person or otherwise, and to with- 
draw or export their property or proceeds if sold; and all imposts, 
contributions, duties, or charges relating to any of these rights ; also 
treatment of property left without heirs. (Art. lY.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Subjects of either country residing in the other and desiring to 
return to their native land, or who may be sent back by legal process 
(judicial sentence, police measures, or laws concerning mendicancy 
or morals) must be received with their families at all times and in 
all circumtsances. (Art. II.) 

(b) No succession duties to be collected in either country from 
resident subjects of the other, not legally domiciled in the country 
of residence, on inherited property situated in their home country. 
(Art. IV.) 

(c) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsor}" mili- 
tar}^ service by land or sea, from all contributions in lieu of personal 
service, and from all military requisitions; except quartering of 
troops and other military requisitions, contributions, or charges in- 
cumbent on possession of landed property in either country. 
(Art. V.) 

(d) Consular archives must in all cases be kept separate from 
books or papers relating to personal business or industry in which 
consular agents may engage (Art. IX), and shall be inviolable, and 
in no case subject to visit or seizure by local authorities (Art. XI). 



RUSSIA AND TURKEY. 765 

Treaty with Turkey. 
No. 443. 

{'onventwn of covimerce and navigation heftceen Russia ami Tuvkf-y. 

SIGNED 21 June, 1783, at Constant' nople. No time limit vState<l. Declaret' 
terminated by Turlvey, as from 1 Oct. 1914. (Report of American consul {gen- 
eral at Constantinople to United States Department of State, 13 Oct., 1910. » 

TEXT : French. B. F. S. P. 100 : 766-86. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally plec^ed to sub- 
jects of either country in the other in matters of commerce and 
customs duties; with special reference to all privileges and immuni- 
ties accorded by the capitulations to the French and the English, and 
all rights and privileges which any other nation enjoys in the Otto- 
man Empire. (Arts. LXXYII and LXXXI.) 

II. Other provisions include extensive and detailed stipulations 
concerning freedom of Russian shipping and commerce in Turkey, 
and relating to rights and privileges assured to Russian subjects 
throughout the Ottoman Empire. 



SALVADOR. 

•Treaties with America, United States of, to Italy. 

Treaties of Salvador with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 
America, United States of. No. 43. 
Belgium. No. 117. 
France, No. 305. 
Honduras, No. 354. 
Italy, No. 367. 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 444. 

Treaty of peace and friendship between Salvador and Spain. 

SIGNED 24 June, 1865, at Madrid. Duration indefinite. 

TEXT: Spanish, Salvador Pact. Int. 1:182-8; English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 
58 : 1250-5. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms respecting all exemptions, favors, or privi- 
leges in matters of commerce, customs, or navigation. (Art. IX.) 

Most- favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Any duties imposed by either country on merchandise im- 
ported or exported to or from the other, and payment of port dues 
incidental thereto. (Art. IX.) 

{h) All terms, conditions, and obligations imposed by either 
country on citizens of the other regarding exercise of trades and pro- 
fessions; and possession, acquisition, and disposal of, or succession 
to, property of all kinds, movable or immovable, by will or other- 
wise, including right to export property or proceeds if sold. (Art. 
VII.) 

(c) All ordinary taxes imposed by either country on citizens of 
the other on account of their occupation, trade, or property. (Art. 
VIII.) 

{d) All liberties, privileges, and immunities accorded by either 
country to diplomatic and consular agents. (Art. X.) 
766 



SALVADOR AND SWITZERLAND. 767 

Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 445. 

Treaty of friendship^ establishment, and commerce between Salvador 
and' Switzerland. 

SIGNED 30 Oct., 1883, at Berne. Effective from 7 Feb., 1885, for 10 years, 
and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by eitlier party, subject to 
revision at any time by common cons^ent. (Art. XIV.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Salvador Pact. Int. 3:230-.5; French, Martens 60:617-21. 

I. Most -favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting any favor in matters of. -commerce or customs. 
(Art. XI.) jriiJO'j -i-rnit 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Duties imposed by either country on importation, ware- 
housing, transit, or exportation of products of the other. (Art. X.) 

(6) All privileges, exemptions, and immunities accorded by either 
country to consular officers. (Art. ir[II.) 

(c) Any precautionary police measures applied by either country 
to citizens of the other. (Art. I.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally 
pledged in regard to: 

{a) All duties, taxes, or imposts of any kind payable in either 
country by citizens of the other on account of their commerce and 
industry. (Art. I.) 

{b) Everything that relates to importation, warehousing, transit, 
or exportation of any article of lawful commerce. (Art. IX.) 

{c) All taxes, duties, contributions, or charges imp'osed on prop- 
erty, and all imposts of any kind imposed by either country on citi- 
zens of the other. (Art. VI.) 

{d) Any charges imposed by either country on citizens of the 
other concerning quartering of troops in accordance with established 
custom of the country. (Art. V.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged in regard to : 

(a) Eight of citizens of either country to travel and reside in 
the other, to exercise professions, commerce, and industry in any 
capacity by wholesale or retail; to hire and occupy houses, ware- 
houses, shops, and other necessary premises; to transport merchan- 
dise and money; and receive consignments, domestic or foreign, 
without being subject to other obligations than those imposed on 
native citizens, except precautionary police measures applying to all 
foreigners without distinction. (Art. I.) 

{b) All rights, privileges, and conditions regarding protection of 
persons and property in either country, including access to courts 
of justice and emplovment of advocates or others therein. (Art. 

ni.) 



768 SALVADOR AND VENEZUELA. 

(c) Recognition by courts of either country of commercial, indus- 
trial, and financial stock companies duly constituted in tiie other., 
(Art. III.) 

(d) Right of citizens of either country to acquire and possess 
property of all kinds in the other, real or personal, and to dispose of 
the same, or succeed thereto, in any manner whatever, including ex- 
port of proceeds if sold; and all imposts, contributions, or charges 
relating to any of these. (Art. IV.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Commercial, industrial, and financial stock companies duly 
constituted in either country have the same rights as individuals in 
the other, as regards recognition by courts of justice. (Art. III.) 

(h) Exemption of each other's citizens from all compulsory mili- 
tary service by land or sea; from all contributions in substitition 
therefor ; and from all forced loans and military requisitions or con- 
tributions, except quartering of soldiers to which all other residents 
are equalty liable. (Art. V.) 

(c) Temporar}' duty-free admission of samples introduced into 
either county b}^ commercial travelers from the other, subject to 
observing customs formalities relating thereto. (Art. XII.) 

(d) Citizens of either country returning from the other, volun- 
taril}^ or for other stated reasons, must be admitted by the country 
of their birth, under all circumstances, together with their families. 
(Art. II.) 

(e) Mutual protection of each other's citizens regarding freedom 
of conscience and religion, and burial of the dead, on condition of 
their observing the laws of the country. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Disputes between the two countries to be submitted for arbi- 
tration to a tribunal constituted in the manner described. (Art. 
XIII.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Salvador with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 43. 

Treaty with Venezuela. 
No. 446. 

Treaty of friendship, comTnerce and navigation 'between Salvador 
and Venezuela. 

SIGNED 27 Aug., 1883. at Caracas. Effective from 11 Dec, 1884, for five 
years, and thereafter terminable on 12 months' notice by either party. (Art. 
46.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Salvador Pact. Int. 2:274-85; Martens 64 : 215-23 ; Eng- 
lish (transl.), B. F. S. P. 74: 298-307. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in gen- 
eral terms respecting any favor, privilege, or exemption in matters 
of commerce and navigation. (Art. 45.) 



SALVADOR AND VENEZUELA. 769 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{(f) Right of citizens of either country to enter freely and securely 
^Yith ships and cargoes all ports, rivers, and places open to foreign 
commerce in the other, subject to laws and police regulations of the 
country. (Art. 14.) 

(b) Payment of duties or taxes imposed by either country on 
lawful importation of any merchandise in ships of the other, from 
whatever place arriving. (Art. 18.) 

(c) Duties payable by vessels of either nation loading or dis- 
charging foreign cargo at different ports of the other on the same 
voyage; but the coasting trade of both countries is reserved for 
regulation by their respective laws. (Art. 19.) 

(d) All import duties or prohibitions imposed by either country 
against products of the other. (Art. 20.) 

(e) Eight of war ships of either country to enter or remain in 
ports of the other open to foreign commerce, and all regulations 
and privileges relating thereto. (Art. 26.) 

(/) All favors, immunities, and privileges accorded by either 
country to diplomatic and political agents. (Art. 37.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged to citizens of either country in the other respecting 
military requisitions, contributions of war, or forced loans imposed 
generally on landed property in either country. (Art. 4.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocall}^ pledged in regard to : 

(a) All civil rights and guarantees to be enjoyed in either coun- 
try by citizens of the other, subject to the laws and jurisdiction of 
the country. (Art. 2.) 

(6) Right to acquire, possess, and dispose of property of anv 
kind, and to exercise commerce and industr}^ in either country, and 
all taxes, contributions, or imposts relating thereto. (Art. 3.) 

(c) All tonnage, lighthouse, port, pilotage, anchorage, quaran- 
tine, and other dues affecting the hull of the vessel, payable by ships 
of either country entering or leaving ports of the other, whether 
loaded or in ballast. (Art. 17.) 

(d) Right to export any articles of lawful commerce from either 
country in vessels of either nation, and all duties and exemptions 
relating thereto. (Art. 21.) 

(e) Protection to be accorded by diplomatic agents of either Re- 
public to persons and interests of citizens of the other in foreign 
countries where either has no accredited agents. (Art. 38.) 

(/) Protection of rights and interests of each other's citizens, and 
judicial procedure relating thereto; with special reference to losses, 
damages, or injuries suffered from any cause. (Art. 5.) 



i 



770 , SALVAbOR AND VENEZUELA. 

(gr) Indemnities payable to citizens of either country for em- 
bargo, confiscation, or detention of their persons, vessels, or proper- 
ties in the other, on account of military expeditions or for any other 
purpose. (Art. 15.) 

(h) Privileges accorded in either country respecting property in 
trade or industrial marks, labels, designs, or models. (Art. 41.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Exemption of each other's citizens from military service by 
land or sea. and from requisitions, forced loans, or contributions for 
military purposes, except when imposed on all landed property in 
either country. (Art. 4.) 

(h) Landed propert}^ in either country belonging to citizens of 
the other is subject to the laws of the country where situated. 
(Art. 8.) 

(c) Validity in either country, subject to its constitution and laws, 
of contracts, deeds, and other public instruments legally executed in 
the other. (Arts. 10, 11.) ''^ ^^^4'; 

(d) Nationality of merchant vessels under'flag of either country 
to be recognized by the other, if carrying ship's or other papers re- 
quired by law. (Art. 16.) ^ /^* rrxKii ^ 

(e) Reciprocal concessions made by this treaty, or made later in 
consideration of community of origin and of institutions, etc., shall 
not constitute a precedent in dealing with other countries not placed 
in identical circumstances. (Art. 45.) 

(/) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to execution of 
requisitorial letters addressed by tribunals of either country to those 
of the other (Art 12) ; treatment of each other's vessels seeking 
refuge from damage or shipwreck (Arts 22, 23) ; recovery of vessels 
captured by pirates (Art. 24) ; principles of neutrality in case of 
war (Art. 27) ; articles declared contraband of war (Arts. 28-30) ; 
blockade (Arts. 31, 32) ; visit and search of vessels (Arts. 33-35) ; 
and prize courts (Art. 36). 



SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE.^^^ 
Treaties with America, United States of, to Russia. 

Treaties of the Serb-Croat-Slovene State with the following coun- 
tries have been previously dealt with in this volume under : 



Greece, No. 346. 
Italy, No. 368. 
Montenegro, No. 396. 
Netherlands, No. 405. 
Portugal, No. 426. 
Rumania, No. 433. 
Russia, No. 437. 



America, United States of, No. 44. 
Austria. No. 63. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 86. 
Belgium, No. 118. 
Bulgaria, No. 210. 
Denmark, No. 272. 
France, No. 306. 
Germany, Nos. 314 and 332. 
Great Britain (under British 
Empire), No. 185. 

Treaty with the Principal Allied and Associated Powers. 

No. 447. 

Treaty 'between the Serh-Croat-Slcrvene State and the Frincifol Al- 
lied and Associated Powers. 

SIGNED "' 10 Sept., 1919, at St. Germain. Efieective from 16 July, 1920, for 
indefinite term, but various time limits are placed on operation of specitied ar- 
ticles of the treaty. 

TEXT : English, U. S., 67th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 7 : 5-12 ; G. B. T. S. 
1919, No. 17, Cmd. 461. 

I. National and most-favored-nation treatment. — Pending con- 
chision (under auspices of the League of Nations) of general conven- 
tions on the matters named, the Serb-Croat-Slovene State assures 
national and most-favored-nation treatment, on condition of reci- 
procity (Art. 15), to all the Allied and Associated States, and to 
all States members of the League of Nations (Art. 16), in respect to : 

(a) Treatment of vessels of all said States which accord similar 
treatment to Serb-Croat-Slovene vessels, except the maritime coast- 
ing trade, which any of the contracting parties may confine to its 
national vessels; and except agreements which States obtaining for- 
mer Austro-Hungarian territory may conclude as regards coastincf 
traffic between ports of the Adriatic Sea. (Art. 14.) 

19^ Treaties of the former Kingdom of Serbia in force before the World War apply to 
the new Serb-Croat-Slovene State (State Department dispatch No. 744, Belgrade, 25 Feb., 
1921). 

1®^ Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of,, British Empire, France, 
Italy, Japan, and the Serb-Ci-oat-Slovene State. 

771 
54083—22 50 



772 SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE AND ALLIED POWERS. 

(h) Freedom of transit for persons, goods, vessels, carriages, 
wagons, and mails in transit to or from any of said States over 
Serb-Croat-Slovene territory, including territorial waters, with 
special reference to facilities, charges, restrictions, and all other mat- 
ters. (Art. 15.) This article is terminable after 16 July, 1925, as 
noted below under III a. 

II. Other provisions. 

The Serb-Croat-Slovene iState undertakes and agrees : 

(a) To make no treaty, convention, or arrangement and to take no 
other action which will prevent it from joining in any general con- 
vention for the equitable treatment of the commerce of other States 
which may be concluded under auspices of the League of Nations be- 
fore 16 July, 1925. (Art. 13.) 

(h) To extend to all the Allied and Associated Powers, and to 
States members of the League of Nations, any favors or privileges in 
customs matters which it may grant before 16 July, 1925, to any 
State with which since August, 1914, said powers have been at war, 
or to any State having special customs arrangements with such 
State under Article 222 of the treaty of peace with Austria.^^^ 
(Arts. 13 and 16.) 

(c) That goods in transit through Serb-Croat-Slovene territory, 
including territorial waters, shall be exempt from all customs or 
other duties ; and that freedom of transit shall extend to postal, tele- 
graphic, and telephonic services. (Art. 15.) This article is termi- 
nable after 16 July, 1925, as noted below under III a. 

(d) To assure full and complete protection of life and liberty to 
all inhabitants of the Kingdom, without distinction of birth, nation- 
ality, language, race, or religion. (Art. 2.) Differences of religion, 
creed, or confession shall not prejudice any Serb-Croat-Slovene 
national in matters relating to civil or political rights, as, for in- 
stance, admission to public employments, functions, and honors, or 
exercise of professions or industries. (Art. 7.) 

(e) That stipulations of this treaty, so far as they affect persons 
belonging to racial, religious, or linguistic minorities, constitute obli- 
gations of international concern, and shall be placed under the guar- 
antee of the League of Nations, as described in detail. (Art. 11.) 

(/) That all rights and privileges accorded by this treaty to the 
Allied and Associated Powers shall be accorded equally to all States 
members of the League of Nations. (Art. 16.) 

in. Note. 

(a) If no general convention to secure and maintain freedom of 
communications and of transit is concluded under auspices of the 
League of Nations before 16 July, 1925, the Serb-Croat-Slovene State 

188 See No. 63. I la. 



SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE AND SWEDEN. 773 

may at any time, thereafter terminate the provisions of Article 15 
(noted under I, I h^ and II c above) by 12 months' notice in manner 
stated. (Art. 15.) 

{})) Pending conclusion of new treaties or conventions all treaties, 
conventions, agreements, and obligations between Serbia and any 
of the Principal Allied and Associated powers which were in force 
on 1 Aug.. 1914, or have since been concluded, shall ipso facto be 
binding upon the Serb-Croat-Slovene State. (Art. 12.) 

Treaty with Spain. 
Xo. 448. 

Conimercial co7i>venti(yn hetween Serbia and Spain 

SIGNED 5 Nov., 1908, at Vienna. Ratifications exchanged there 26 Mar., 
1909. Effective from 26 ]Mar., 1909. Terminable on one year's notice from either 
party. (Arts. VI, VII.) 

TEXT : French, Martens 89 : 839-40 ; B. F. S. P. 102 ; 968-9 ; Serbian, Serbia 
Srpske Novine 1909, No. 54. 

I. Most -favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) respecting any duties payable in 
either country on importation of products of the other. (Arts. I, II.) 

II. Other provisions. — Each country reserves the right to require 
certificates of origin of imported goods at its discretion. (Art. IV.) 

III. Exceptions. This convention does not apply to : 

{a) Special advantages which either country ma}^ grant to border- 
ing States to facilitate frontier traffic, or which Spain may accord to 
Morocco. (Art. III.) 

{h) Concessions resulting from a customs union of either party 
with other countries. (Art. III.) 

(c) ^lerchandise of which importation is prohibited by either 
country for reasons of public safety, sanitation, State monopoly, or 
local government regulations. (Art. Y.) 

Treaty with Sweden. 

Xo. 449. 

Declaration heticeen Serbia and Sweden granting most-favored-na- 
tion treatment. 

SIGNED 11 Apr., 1907, at Belgrade. Effective from 13 Jan.. 1908, until termi- 
nated by 12 months' notice from either partv. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 590-1 ; Sweden Tr. 1910 : 1005. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged in all that 
concerns commerce, industry, and import duties, except : 

{a) Special faA^ors vrhich Sweden may accord exclusively to Nor- 
wegian subjects and merchandise, and to commercial, industrial, and 
financial companies or associations of Norway. 

(Z>) Concessions which either country ma}^ accord to bordering 
countries to facilitate frontier traffic. 

(e) Concessions resulting from conclusion of a customs union. 



774 SEEB-CROAT-SLOYE^^E STATE AXD SWITZERLAND. 

Treaty with Switzerland. 
No. 450. 

Treaty of commerce hefween Serhia and Sivitzerland. 

SIGNED 28 Feb., 1907. at Belgrade. Effective from 19 Apr., 1907, until 31 
Dec. 1917. and thereafter until terminated by one year's notice from either 
party. (Art. XV.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 101: 591-600: German, Martens 85: 639-24. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms to subjects of either country in the other 
respecting all rights, privileges, immunities, favors, and exemptions 
which either country may accord to any third power in any respect, 
subject to special laws and regulations in matters of commerce, in- 
dustry, or police applying to all foreigners in either country (Art. I) 
and subject to exceptions noted below. 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Acquisition, possession, and disposal of, or succession to. all 
kinds of movable or immovable property which the laws of the coun- 
trv permit foreigners to acquire or possess, bv will or otherwise. 
(Art. II.) 

{!)) Rights which stock companies and other commercial, indus- 
trial, or financial associations of either country are permitted to exer- 
cise in the other, with special reference to actions in courts of justice. 
(Art. V.) 

{c) Treatment by either country of imported products of the 
other, whether destined for consumption, warehousing, reexporta- 
tion, or transit, with special reference to payment of duties and all 
matters concerning use of highways and other routes, canals, locks, 
bridges, ports, and landings. (Art. VII.) 

{d) Any favor, immunity, or reduction of import duties which 
either party may accord to any third power. (Art. VII.) 

{e) Any duties levied by either country on objects exported to the 
other and any other favors relating to exportation. (Art. X.) 

(/) Treatment in either country of merchants, manufacturers, and 
their commercial travelers from the other with reference to passports 
and payment of trade dues. (Art. XIII.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re* 
ciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(r/) Quartering of troops and other exceptional military requisi- 
tions which either country may impose on citizens of the other. 
(Art. IV.) 

{h) Internal duties levied in either country on production or con- 
sumption, whether imposed by the State or by communes or corpora- 
tions. Such duties must not bear more heavily on imported products 



SEEB-CK0AT-SL0VE2QE STATE AND SWITZERLAND. 775 

of the other country than on similar articles of domestic or other for- 
eign production. (Art. IX and final protocol.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged Avith regard to : 

(a) All rights and imposts relating to exercise of commerce and 
industry in either countr}'. (Art. II.) 

(b) All dues, taxes, or charges under whatever name relating to 
acquisition, possession, and disposal of or succession to propert}^, by 
will or otherwise, including exportation of property or of proceeds 
if sold. (Art. III.) 

i"> (c) All rights and immunities regarding access to courts of justice 
and employment of advocates or other agents therein. (Art. III.) 

(d) Treatment of citizens of either country proceeding to fairs or 
markets in the other to follow their calling and sell their products, 
with special reference to payment of taxes. (Art. XIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from obli- 
gation to accept judicial, administrative, or municipal office (except 
guardianship), from all personal military service by land or sea, and 
from all military taxes, loans, forced loans, requisitions, and contri- 
butions of any kind imposed during war or in other extraordinary 
circumstances, except charges incumbent on possession of landed 
property, quartering of troops, or other special contributions for 
military purposes. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
prohibitions against importation, exportation, or transit ; except for 
the following reasons applying to all other countries under the same 
conditions : 

(1) Provisions of war in exceptional circumstances. (Art. IV, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public security. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Sanitary measures, or to protect animals and useful plants 
from diseases, noxious insects, and parasites. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Application to imported merchandise of internal laws prohib- 
iting or restricting domestic production, sale, or transportation of 
similar articles of national production. (Ibid., 4.) 

(c) Products of either country enumerated in Tariffs A and B 
annexed to this treaty to pay on importation into the other no other 
or higher duties than those specified in these tariffs. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Exemption of merchandise of any kind from all transit duties 
in either country when passing by a commercial route open to tran- 
sit, whether going straight through, or unloaded, stored, and re- 
loaded. (Art. XL) 

(e) Merchants, manufacturers, and commercial travelers of either 
country making purchases or soliciting orders in the other may carry 
samples but not merchandise, and must be provided with a license 
card in the form prescribed. (Art. XIII and annex.) 



776 SEEB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE AND TURKEY. 

(/) Exemption of commercial travelers' samples from import and 
export duties in either country, subject to customs regulations relat- 
ing thereto. (Art. XIII.) 

(g) Arbitration of disputes concerning interpretation of this treaty 
or its annexes, or application of duties fixed by tariff treaties of 
either country with third Powers, and detailed statement of pro- 
cedure relating thereto. (Art. XIV and final protocol.) 
. (A) Importation of animals and animal products from Serbia into 
Switzerland is subject to Swiss laws and regulations governing these 
matters ; their transit through Switzerland being permitted in closed 
and sealed wagons. (Notes annexed.) 

V. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to : 

(a) Concessions to bordering countries to facilitate frontier traffic 
within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. (Art. XII, 1.) 

(d) Concessions which may be accorded to another State by en- 
gagements of a customs union. (Ibid., 2.) 

(c) Special customs facilities accorded by Switzerland in favor 
of the free zone of Haute-Savoie and of the Pays de Gex. (Final 
protocol and Art. XII.) 

(d) Peddlers and other itinerant industries, and soliciting orders 
from persons not engaged in commerce or industry. (Art. XIII.) 

f Treaty with Turkey. 

^^"'^ No. 451. 

Treaty of commerce- hetioeen SerMa and Tnrlxey, 

SIGNED 28 May, 1906, at Constantinople. Effective from 29 Dee., 1906, for 
five years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 montbs' notice from eitlier 
party. (Art. XIII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 600-6. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) 
respecting any concession, privilege, or reduction in customs duties 
or internal dues or taxes Avhich either country may accord to any 
third State. (Art. II.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged 
with regard to : 

{a) Treatment of products of either country imported into the 
other in matters concerning import, export, and transit duties, re- 
exportation, transshipment, brokerage, warehousing, internal dues, 
customs duties and formalities, taxes, imposts, transportation, and 
use of railways. (Ibid.) 

(&) Any prohibitions which either country may impose against 
the other regarding importation, exportation, or transit. (Ibid.) 

(c) Duties payable on importation of Ottoman products enumer- 
ated in the tariff annexed to this treaty. (Art. IV and final pro- 
tocol. Art. II.) 



SERB-CROAT-SLOVENK STATE AND TURKEY. 777 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is re- 
ciprocally pledged respecting internal duties levied in either coun- 
try on production or consumption. Such duties must not bear more 
heavily on imported products of the other country than on sim- 
ilar products of domestic or other foreign production. (Art. VII 
and final protocol. Arts. II and IV.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

(a) All rights, charges, imposts, or taxes regarding exercise of 
commerce, professions, trades, or industry in either country by citi- 
zens of the other. (Art. I and final protocol. Art. I.) 

(b) Treatment in either country of commercial travelers from 
the other and of citizens of either country proceeding to markets or 
fairs in the other to sell their wares or follow their callings. Art. 
VIII.) 

(c) Protection of subjects of either country in the other in mat- 
ters concerning trade and industrial marks, models, and designs. 
(Art. XII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

(a) Neither country to obstruct its commerce with the other by 
any prohibition against importation or transit, except in the fol- 
lowing cases : 

(1) Military requirements in exceptional circumstances. (Art. 
IV, 1.) 

(2) Considerations of public safety. (Ibid., 2.) 

(3) Measures of sanitary and veterinary police for protection of 
public health, or to protect animals and useful plants from disease 
or infections. (Ibid., 3.) 

(4) Government monopolies of either country. (Ibid., 4.) 

(h) Importation and transit of powder, dynamite, and similar 
explosives (also chemical products for manufacture of explosives), 
cannon, arms, and munitions of war is formally prohibited in both 
countries. Commerce in arms and munitions is placed under the 
immediate and special supervision of the respective Governments. 
(Art. VI.) 

(<?) Merchants and manufacturers of either country and their 
agents or commercial travelers are exempt in the other from pay- 
ment of trade dues, when traveling exclusively in the interest of their 
commerce or industry, if furnished with a license card in the form 
prescribed (Art VIII and annex) ; except as noted below under 
Yh. 

(d) Recognition by either country of joint stock companies and 
other commercial, industrial, or financial associations duly consti- 
tuted in the other; with special reference to actions in courts of jus- 
tice. (Art. IX.) 



778 SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

(e) Detailed provisions concerning exemption of carriers from 
taxes outside their own State (Art. VIII) ; through railway traffic 
between the two countries (Art. X) ; suppression and punishment of 
smuggling (Art. XI) ; and deposit of trade-marks and industrial 
designs or models to secure their protection in either country (Art. 
XII). 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The most-favored-nation proA^sions of Article II (noted 
above under I and I a^-b) do not apply to: 

(1) Concessions made to other bordering States to facilitate fron- 
tier traffic within 15 kilometers of the boundary line. (Art. Ill, a.) 

(2) Concessions accorded to another State in virtue of a customs 
union. (Ibid., h.) 

(3) Export duties payable on exportation to Serbia of tobacco 
produced within the Ottoman Empire. (Ibid., e.) 

(b) The provisions of Article VIII (noted above under IV c) do 
not appl}^ to : 

(1) Solicitation of orders from persons not engaged in commerce 
or industry. (Art. VIII, 1.) 

(2) Brokers, peddlers, and other exclusively itinerant trades and 
professions. (Ibid., 2.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of the Serb- Croat- Slovene State Avith the United States 
have been previously dealt with in this volume under America, 
United States of, No. 44. 



SIAM. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Russia. 

Treaties of Siam Avith the following countries have been pre- 
viousl}' dealt with in this volume under : 



Italy, No. 369. 
Japan. No. 381. 
Netherlands, No. 406. 
Norway. See Sweden and Nor- 
way, No. 453. 
Portugal, No. 427. 
Russia, No. 438. 



America, United States of. No. 45. 
Austria, No. 63. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 87. 
Belgium, No. 119. 
Bulgaria, No. 210. 
Denmark, No. 273. 
France, No. 307. 
Germany, Nos. 314 and 333. 
Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire) , Nos. 186 to 188. 

Treaty with Spain. 

No. 452. 

Treaty of finendsJiip. commerce^ and navigation hetween Siam and 
Spain. 

SIGNED 23 Feb., 1870. at Baiijrkok. Duration indefinite; subject to revision 
after 23 Mar., 1882. on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXXVI.) 
TEXT: English (authentic), B. F. S. P. 61:483-95. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to the Government 
and citizens of Spain regarding free and equal participation in all 
privileges and advantages which Siam may grant to the Government 
or subjects of any other nation. (Art. XXXI Y.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Reciprocal right to all advantages which either country may 
grant to subjects of any foreign nation. (Art. I.) 

{b) All privileges, immunities, exemptions, and j)owers accorded 
to consular agents by either country. (Art. IV.) 

(c) Freedom of conscience and religious worship in either coun- 
try. (Art. YIII.) 

{d) Taxation of rustic property of Spanish subjects in Siam. 
(Art. XIII.) 

779 



780 SIAM AND SPAIN. 

II. National or most -favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to Spanish vessels respecting all privileges and immunities 
which may be granted to Siamese or any other vessels. (Arts. 
XXIV, XXXI.) 

III. other provisions. 

(a) Protection of persons and property of subjects of either coun- 
try in the other. (Art. I.) 

(h) Right of Spanish subjects of either country to free exercise 
of their religion in the other, including right to -build churches. 
(Art. VIII.) 

(c) Spanish subjects wishing to reside in Siam must be registered 
at the Spanish consulate in the manner described. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Eight of subjects of Spain to reside in Siam within boundaries 
stated, and beyond these limits by special permission ; and to travel 
and trade throughout the whole of Siam, buying and selling any 
lawful merchandise without hindrance from any exclusive right of 
purchase or sale. (Art. XI.) 

(e) Right of subjects of Spain to build, sell, buy, rent, or let 
houses and warehouses, and to buy, sell, rent, let, or lease lands or 
plantations within boundaries stated; subject to resumption by the 
Siamese Government if the lands are not cultivated or improved 
within three years from date of possession. (Arts. XII, XIII.) 

(/) Spanish subjects may undertake shipbuilding and any other 
lawful industry in Siamese ports, and may engage in mining in 
any part of Siam. (Art. XV.) 

(g) Bj paying specified duties of importation and exportation, 
Spanish merchant vessels shall be free in Siamese ports from all taxes 
of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, and from any other dues whatever. 
(Art. XXIV.) 

(A) Duties payable in Siam on foreign merchandise imported by 
vessels of Spain shall not exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. XXV), 
which shall never be increased (Art. XXVII). Upon payment of 
specified import and export duties (Arts. XXV, XXVI), Spanish 
subjects may freely import into or export from Siam to or from any 
foreign port every kind of merchandise, except specified articles sub- 
ject to restrictions named (Arts. XXVIII, XXIX). 

(i) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to appointment and 
functions of consuls (Arts. II-X, XIV, XVII, XIX, XXXIII) ; 
settlement of disputes between Spanish and Siamese subjects (Arts. 
VI, VII) ; disposal of property left by subjects of either countiy 
dying in the other (Art. XIV) ; employment of Siamese subjects 
(Art. XVI) ; arrest of sailors, criminals, and fugitives (Art. XVII) ; 
passports (Art. XVIII) ; recovery of debts (Art. XX) ; bankruptcy 
(Art. XXI) ; asistance to ships in distress (Art. XXIII) ; and piracy 
or robbery on shore (Art. XXXII). 



SIAM AND SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 781 

(j) Commercial regulations for the conduct of Spanish trade in 
Siam. (Annexed.) 

(k) Tariff schedules of import, export, and inland duties. (An- 
nexed.) ij iiiiiji 

Treaty with Sweden and Norway. 

No. 453. 

Treaty of fHendship, commerce^ and, navigation hetween Slam and 
Sweden and Norway. 

SIGNED 18 May, 1868, at London. Duration indefinite. Subject to revision 
on 12 months' notice from either party. (Art. XXI Y.) 

TEXT : French. B. F. S. P. 69 : 1135-46 ; English, Sweden Tr. 1910 : 1006-14 ; 
Norwegian, Norway Tr. 1914 : 186-97. 

'' I. Most-favored-nation treatment is pledged to the Government 
and citizens of Sweden and Norway regarding free and equal par- 
ticipation in any privileges which Siam may grant to the Govern- 
ment or subjects of any other nation. (Art. XXIII.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged in 
regard to : 

{a) Freedom of commerce and navigation in any part of either 
countrv where trade and navigation are allowed to foreigners. 
(Art. i.) 

{h) All privileges, immunities, powers, and exemptions accorded 
to consular agents by either country. (Art. II.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation-treatment (optional) is 
pledged to vessels of Sweden and Norway and their cargoes in 
Siamese ports respecting any privileges or immunities granted to 
junks and to Siamese or foreign vessels. (Art. XVIII.) 

III. National treatment is pledged respecting taxes payable by 
subjects of Sweden and Norway on landed property acquired in Siam 
under conditions stated. (Art. VIII.) 

IV. Other provisions. 

. {a) Protection of persons and property of subjects of either 
country in the other. (Art. 1.) 

{h) Right of subjects of Sweden and Norway to free exercise of 
their religion and right to build churches. (Art. III.) 

(c) Subjects of Sweden and NorAvay wishing to reside in Siam 
must be registered at their consulate in the manner described. 
(Art. IV.) 

{d) Right of subjects of Sweden and Norway to reside in Siam 
within boundaries stated, and beyond these limits by special permis- 
sion ; and to travel and trade throughout the whole of Siam, buying 
and selling any lawful merchandise without hindrance from any ex- 
clusive right of purchase or sale. (Art. V.) 



782 SIAM AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

(e) Eight of subjects of Sweden and Norwa}^ to hire, buy, or build 
houses, and to buy or lease lands or plantations within boundaries 
stated, subject to resumption by the Siamese Government if the lands 
are not cultivated or improved within three years from date of pos- 
session; also right to engage in mining and all kinds of lawful in- 
dustry in Siam. (Art. VIII.) 

(/) -^y paying the specified duties of importation and exportation, 
vessels of Sweden and Norway and their cargoes shall be free in 
Siamese ports from all taxes of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, and 
from any other tax whatever. (Art. XVIII.) 

(g) Duties payable in Siam on merchandise imported by vessels 
of Sweden and Norway shall not exceed 3 per cent ad valorem (Art. 
XIX), which shall neA^er be increased (Art. XXI). Upon payment 
of specified import and export duties, subjects of Sweden and Norway 
may freely import into or export from Siam to or from any foreign 
port every kind of merchandise, except specified articles subject to 
restrictions named. (Art. XXI.) 

(A) Detailed and extensive provisions relating to functions of 
consuls (Art. II) ; employment of Siamese subjects (Art. VI) ; pass- 
ports (Art. VII) ; settlement of disputes between Swedish and Nor- 
wegian and Siamese subjects (Arts. IX, X) ; piracy or robbery on 
shore (Art. XI) ; arrest of sailors, criminals, and fugitives (Art. 
XII) ; bankruptcy (Art. XIII) ; recovery of debts (Art. XIV) ; dis- 
posal of propert}^ left by subjects of either country dying in the 
other (Art. XV) ; warships (Art. XVI) ; assistance to ships in dis- 
tress (Art. XVII) ; and arbitration of disputes between the twa 
countries (Art. XXV). 

(i) Commercial regulations for the conduct of Swedish and Nor- 
wegian trade in Siam. (Annexed.) 

{j) Tariff schedules of export and inland duties. (Annexed.) 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Siam with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America. United States of. No. 45. 



SOUTH AFRICA. 

See British Empire, page 290, note 40. 

SPAIN. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Siam. 

Treaties of Spain with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under: 



America, United States of, No. 46. 
Argentina, No. 61. 
Bolivia. No. 135. 
Bulgaria, No. 218. 
China, No. 241. 
Colombia, No. 252. 
Costa Eica, No. 255. 
Denmark, No. 274. 
France, No. 308. 
Germany, No. 334. 
Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire). Nos. 189 to 194. 
Greece, No. 347. 
Guatemala, No. 351. 



IT 



Italy, No. 370. 

Japan, Nos. 382 and 383. 

Netherlands, No. 407. 

Nicaragua, No. 411. 

Paraguay, No. 417. 

Persia, No. 420. 

Peru, No. 423. 

Portugal, No. 428. 

Rumania, No. 434. 

Russia, No. 439. 

Salvador, No. 444. 

Serb-Croat- Slovene State, No. 

448. 
Siam, No. 452. 



Treaty with Sweden. 
No. 454. 

Convention for regulating commercial relations hetween Spain and 
Sweden. 

SIGNED 27 June, 1892, at Aranjuez. Effective from 9 Aug., 1893, until ter- 
minated by 12 months' notice from either party.* (Art. XV.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 84:113-18; Sweden Tr. 1910:688-93; Spanish 
and French, Spain Tr. 10 : 247-58. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged (sub- 
ject to exceptions noted below) with regard to: 

{a) Import duties which either country may impose on products 
of the other listed in Tables A and B annexed to this convention, 
when imported direct by land or sea (Arts. IV, V, and final protocol, 



» Terminated. See Appendix. 



783 



784 SPAIN AND SWEDEN. 

Art. II) ; including transhipments consigned on through bills of 
lading (Final protocol, Art. IV). 

(h) Commerce in general, with special reference to matters con- 
cerning consumption, warehousing, reexportation, transit, and trans- 
shipment of merchandise (Art. VI) ; except as noted below under 
IV 6. 

(c) Treatment in either country of commercial travelers from the 
other in the matter of licenses. (Art. XII.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 
(a) Succession dues payable by citizens of either country on in- 
heritance of property in the other. (Art. II.) 

(h) Compensation payable to citizens of either country in the 
other for specified exceptional military requisitions. (Art. III.) 

(c) Excise or consumption duties levied in either country on im- 
ported products of the other. These must not be higher than on 
similar articles of national production. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Protection in all matters concerning property in trade or in- 
dustrial marks, designs, or models. (Art. X.) 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Right of subjects of either country to free exercise of their 
religion in the other, in accordance with laws of the country^ 
(Art. I.) 

(h) Subjects of either country may dispose of, or succeed to, prop- 
erty in the other by will or otherwise in any manner, and may with- 
draw all their capital from the country. (Art. II.) 

(c) Subjects of either country are exempt in the other from seizure 
or retention with their ships, carriages, and commercial effects of 
any kind for any military expedition or any public service without 
indemnity previously allowed to parties in interest. (Art. III.) 

(d) Drawbacks allowed in either country on exportation of its 
products must not exceed the consumption or excise duties upon said 
products or materials employed in their manufacture. (Art. VII.) 

(e) Surtaxes levied b}^ Spain on products of third countries im- 
ported from Sweden by land or sea shall not be higher than on 
similar merchandise imported from any other European country 
otherwise than direct in Spanish vessels. Sweden reserving the right 
to impose equivalent surtaxes on non-Spanish products imported 
from Spain. (Art. IX.) "^ ,. ', ^ 

(/) Detailed provisions concerning deposit of trade and industrial 
marks, designs, and models. (Art. XL) 

(g) Refund of duties paid in either country on commercial trav- 
elers' samples from the other on compliance with customs regula- 
tions relating thereto. (Art. XII.) 



SPAIN AND SWITZERLAND. 785 

IV. Exceptions. 

(a) The stipulations of this convention do not apply to arms and 
munitions of war, which remain subject to laAvs and regulations of 
each country. (Art. V.) 

(h) The most-favored-nation provisions of Article VI (noted 
above under lb) do not apply to: 

(1) Special concessions to bordering States to facilitate frontier 
traffic. 

(2) Obligations imposed on either nation by a customs union with 
a neighboring State. (Art. VI.) 

(c) The most-favored-nation provisions of Articles IV and V 
(noted above under I a) do not apply to: 

(1) Favors which Spain may accord to Portugal or to Spanish 
American Eepublics. (Art. XIV.) 

(2) Favors which Sweden may accord to Norway or Denmark. 
(Ibid.) 

V. Territorial application. — This convention applies on the part 

of Spain also to its adjacent islands. (Arts. IV. XIL) 

rnlqsyy 
Treaty with Switzerland. 

No. 455. 

Treaty of commierce hetioeen Spain and Switzerland. 

SIGNED 1 Sept., 1906. at Berne. Ratifications exchanged 19 Nov., 1906, at 
Madrid. Effective from 20 Nov., 1906. until 31 Dec, 1917. and thereafter until 
terminated by one year's notice from either party.'' (Art. VIII.) 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 101 : 610-15 ; Martens 86 : 496-501. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally and uncondition- 
ally pledged in general terms (subject to exceptions noted below) re- 
specting all rights, privileges, and favors which either party may 
concede to any third power in matters concerning importation, ex- 
portation, and transit, with special reference to the amount, guar- 
anty, and collection of duties, customs warehouses, internal taxes, 
formalities, customs clearances, and excise or consumption duties, 
whether levied bv the State or by Provinces, cantons, or communes. 
(Arts. I. II.) 

II. National or most-favored-nation treatment (optional) is 
pledged to commercial travelers from Spain with regard to licenses 
in 'Switzerland. (Art. YII.) 

III. National treatment is reciprocally pledged regarding internal 
taxes on production or consumption, whether levied in either country 
by the State or by Cantons, Provinces, communes, or corporations. 
Such taxes must not under any pretext bear more heavily on im- 
ported products of the other country than on similar articles of 
native production (Art. V), except as noted below under V h. 

» Terminated. See Appendix. 



786 SPAIN AND TTRKEY. 

IV. other provisions. /! 

(a) Duties payable on products of either country enumerated in 
tariffs A and B annexed to this treaty must not be higher than those 
stipulated in said tariffs. Both parties reserve the right to make im- 
port and export duties payable in gold, but most-favored-nation 
treatment is reciprocally pledged in this respect. (Art. II.) 

(h) Certificates of origin may be required by either country in the 
form prescribed. The charge for delivery or vise of these must not 
exceed 2 francs each. (Art. IV and Annex C.) 

(c) Both countries reserve the right to impose a dutj^ on alcoholic 
products equivalent to the internal fiscal charges levied on the alco- 
hol emplo3^ed in their manufacture. (Art. VI.) 

(d) Manufacturers, merchants, and commercial travelers from 
Switzerland (duly licensed in the form prescribed) may make pur- 
chases or book orders in Spain, with or without samples, but without 
peddling merchandise. Travelers' samples are reciprocally ad- 
mitted free of duty, subject to customs regulations relating thereto. 
(Art. VII and Annex D.) 

V. Exceptions. 

(a) The provisions of Articles I and II (noted above under I and 
IV a) do not apply to favors which Spain may accord to Portugal 
or Morocco. (Art. III.) 

(h) Supplementary import duties may be levied on products mo- 
nopolized by the State and articles serving for their manufacture, 
even though similar indigenous products are not subject to this tax. 
(Art. VI.) 

Treaty with Turkey. 
No. 456. 

Treaty of peace and commerce hetween Spain and Turkey. 

SIGNED 14 Sept., 1782. at Constantinople. No time limit stated. 
TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 786-91 ; Spanish and German, Martens 
3 : 402-25. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment (described in this treaty as 
treatment accorded to other "friendly nations") is reciprocally 
pledged with regard to: 

{a) Right of subjects of either country to exercise commerce in 
all present and future territories of the other in the same manner 
and with the same liberty conceded to other powers. (Art. I.) 

{h) Customs, port, and other dues payable in either country by 
subjects and ships of the other. (Art. II.) 

' (c) All privileges accorded to diplomatic and consular officers in 
either country. (Art. III.) 



SPAIN AND TURKEY. 787 

(d) Treatment of Spanish subjects regarding exercise of their 
religion in Turkey, and pilgrimage to Jerusalem and other places. 
(Art. lY.) 

(e) Reception and treatment of Turkish vessels in Spain. (Art. 
X.) 

(/) Treatment of Spanish subjects in Turkey engaging in con- 
traband trade. (Art. XV.) 

(g) Treatment of Spanish vessels in Turkish waters, with special 
reference to the Dardanelles. (Arts. XV and XVII.) 

(h) Right of diplomatic and consular agents of Spain to levy 
consular dues on dutiable merchandise imported into Turkev under 
the Spanish flag. (Art. XIX.) 

(i) Right of Spanish merchants in Turkey to employ the same 
money in buving or selling as subjects of other friendly powers. 
(Art. XX.) ^ 

(j) Treatment of Spanish subjects in Turkey, in all respects (Art. 
XXI), the same privileges being reciprocally assured to Turkish 
subjects in Spain. (Art. VII.) 

II. Other provisions. 

(a) Statement of procedure for disposal of property left in either 
country by deceased subjects of the other. (Art. IV.) 

(5) Jurisdiction of Spanish consuls in Turkey in civil and crimi- 
nal cases. (Arts. V, VI.) 

(c) Assistance to vessels of either country wrecked in ports or 
on coasts of the other; salvaged vessels alid cargoes to be placad in 
charge of the nearest consul. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Spanish subjects in Turkey can not escape payment of their 
debts by turning Moslem ; in such event any merchandise in their pos- 
session belonging to third parties must be placed in charge of the 
consul for restitution to owners, (Art. XII,) 

(e) Vessels of either country are forbidden to sail under enemy 
flags under penalty of hanging the commander, confiscating vessel 
and cargo, and making slaves of the crew. (Art. XVIII.) 

(/) Right of Spanish vessels to export from Turkey all kinds 
of merchandise except gunpowder, arms, and other prohibited 
articles, (Art. XIX.) 

(g) Detailed provisions relating to appointment of consuls (Art. 
Ill) ; shipwrecks (Art. VIII) ; warships (Arts. XI and XVIII) ; 
corsairs (Art. XIII) ; exchange or redemption of slaves (Art. XIV) ; 
and treatment of vessels of either country in waters of the other 
(Arts. IX, XVI, XVII). 

54083—22 51 



788 SPAIN AND URUGUAY. 

Treaties with the United States of America. 

Treaties of Spain with the United States have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 46. 

Treaty with Uruguay. 

No. 457. 

Treaty of peace and friendship between Spain and Uruguay. 

SIGNED 19 July, 1870. at Montevideo. Ratifications exchanged there 9 Oct., 
1882. No time limit stated. 

TEXT: English (transl.), B. F. S. P. 68: 458-63. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally but conditionally 
pledged in general terms to subjects of either country in the other 
respecting any exemption, favor, or privilege in trade, customs, or 
navigation which either party may grant to any other nation. 
(Art. X.) 

Most-favored-nation treatment is further reciprocally pledged with 
regard to: 

{a) Exercise of trades and professions in either country, and 
right to own, buy, and sell all kinds of goods or property, real and 
personal, and dispose of or succeed to the same by will or otherwise 
in any lawful manner. (Art. VIII.) 

{h) Contributions payable by subjects of either country in the 
other on account of their industry, trade, or property. (Art. IX.) 

(c) Payment of import, export, and octroi duties in either country. 
(Art. X.) 

{d) All prerogatives established by international law which either 
country may accord to diplomatic agents, and all honors and prerog- 
atives granted to consular officers as representatives, and for the care 
of their archives. (Art. XI.) 

II. Other provisions. 

{a) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning recognition of 
Uruguay's sovereignty by Spain (Art. I) ; granting of pardons (Art. 
II) ; settlement of claims and debts (Arts. III-VI) ; and determina- 
tion of nationality (Art. VII). 

(5) Subjects of either country are exempt in the other from any 
embargo, and their vessels and crews, carriages, or other property 
can not be detained for expeditions or any public service without in- 
demnities previously arranged with the parties in interest. (Art. 
VIII.) 

(c) Subjects of either country are exempt in the other from com- 
pulsory service by land or sea, and from all extraordinary contribu- 
tions or forced loans. (Art. IX.) 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning rights and powers of consular 
agents. (Art. XI.) 



SPAIN AND VENEZUELA. 789 

Treaty with Venezuela. 
No. 458. 

Treaty of commerce and navigation 'between Spain and Venezuela. 

SIGNED 20 May, 1882, at Caracas. Efeective from 19 Sept., 1882, for five 
years, and thereafter until terminated by 12 months' notice from either party. 
'(Art. XIII.) 

TEXT: Spanish, Venezuela Tr. Pub., 1910: 207-11; English (transl.), B. F. 
S. P. 73 : 592-^. 

I. Most-favored-nation treatment is reciprocally pledged with re- 
gard to: 

{a) Treatment of any articles imported direct from Venezuela into 
Spain or its adjacent islands under the Venezuelan flag, or imported 
into Venezuela under the Spanish flag. (Art. IV.) 

(&) Duties payable on products of either country which may be 
legally imported into the other, with special reference to duties pay- 
able in Venezuela on Spanish wines of any kind, or payable in Spain 
and adjacent islands on Venezuelan cocoa. (Art. VI.) 

{c) Privileges, exemptions, immunities, and attributes of consular 
officers in either country. (Art. VIII.) 

{d) Privileges, rights, consideration, and exemptions to be ac- 
corded Venezuelan citizens in Spanish colonies possessing their own 
special legislation. (Art. XI.) 

{e) Duties, charges, or formalities imposed on Venezuelan prod- 
ucts and merchandise in Spanish colonies. Products and merchan- 
dise of Spanish colonial possessions to receive in Venezuela the same 
treatment as those from colonial possessions of any other nation. 
(Art. XI.) 

II. National treatment is reciprocally pledged with regard to : 

{a) Possession and disposal of property of every description. 
(Art. I.) 

{h) All rights regarding exercise of commerce and industry, and 
all taxes, loans, or contributions relating thereto. (Art, I.) 

(<?) Treatment of vessels of either country in ports of the other in 
all matters concerning harbor and navigation dues. (Art. III.) 

{d) Application of local police laws and regulations of either 
country to subjects of the other with respect to harbor police, load- 
ing and discharging of vessels, and safety of merchandise, goods, and 
effects. (Art. III.) 

{e) All matters relating to ownership of trade and industrial 
marks, labels, or models. (Art. VII.) 

(/) Payment of charges or costs incurred by vessels of either 
country seeking refuge from damage or shipwreck in waters of the 
other. (Art. X.) 



790 SPAIlSr AISTD VENEZUELA. 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) Citizens of either country are exempt in the other from all 
municipal offices or employment, from all kinds of personal military 
service by land or sea, and from military requisitions and extraordi- 
nary war contributions or forced loans, except when levied upon real 
property or upon trades, professions, or industries subject to pay- 
ment of industrial or commercial contributions. (Art. I.) 

(2)) Nationality of vessels under flag of either country to be recip- 
rocally recognized if carrying ships' papers required by its laws. 
(Art. II.) 

(c) Vessels of either country entering ports of the other shall be 
subject to the respective fiscal legislation. (Art. V.) 

(d) Detailed provisions concerning recovery of seamen deserters 
(Art. IX), treatment of damaged or shipwrecked vessels and of 
salvaged cargoes (Art. X), and arbitration of differences between 
the two countries (Art. XIV). 

IV. Exceptions. — The provisions of this treaty do not apply to: 
(a) The coasting trade of either country, which is reserved exclu- 
sively for the national flag. (Art. V.) 

(h) The Spanish colonies possessing their own special legislation 
(Art. XI), except as noted above under I d. 

V. Territorial application. — This treaty applies on the part of 
Spain also to its adjacent islands. (Arts. Ill, IV.) 



SWEDEN. 



Treaties with Argentina to Spain. 

Treaties of Sweden with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



Argentina, No. 62. 

Austria-Hungary, No. 88. 

Belgium, No. 120. 

Bulgaria, No. 219. 

China, No. 242. 

Denmark, No. 275. 

France, Nos. 309 and 310. 

Great Britain (under British 

Empire), Nos. 195 and 196. 
Greece, No. 348. 
Italy, No. 371. 
Japan, Nos. 384 and 385. 



Liberia, No. 387. 
Mexico, No. 392. 
Netherlands, No. 408. 
Norway, Nos. 413 and 414. 
Persia, No. 421. 
Portugal, No. 429. 
Eumania, No. 435. 
Eussia, Nos. 440 and 441. 
Serb-Croat- Slovene State, No. 

449. 
Siam, No. 453. 
Spain, No. 454. 

791 



SWITZERLAND. 



Treaties with America, United States of, to Spain. 

Treaties of Switzerland with the following countries have been 
previously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 47. 
Austria-Hungary, No. 89. 
Belgium, No. 121. 
Bulgaria, No. 220. 
Chile, No. 226. 
China, Nos. 243 and 244. 
Colombia, No. 253. 
Czechoslovakia, No. 89. 
Denmark, No. 276. 
Ecuador, No. 283. 
France, No. 311. 
Germany. Nos. 335 and 336. 
Great Britain (under British Em- 
pire), No. 197. 
Greece, No. 349. 



Hungary, No. 89. 

Italy, No. 372. 

Japan, No. 386. 

Montenegro, No. 397. 

Netherlands, No. 409. 

Norway, No. 415. 

Persia, No. 422. 

Portugal, No. 430. 

Rumania, No. 436. 

Eussia, No. 442. 

Salvador, No. 445. 

Serb-Croat-Slovene State, No. 

450. 
Spain, No. 455. 



TONGA. 

Treaties witli British Empire. 

Treaties of Tonga with Great Britain have been previously dealt 
with in this volume under British Empire, No. 198. 



TRIPOLI. 
Treaties with America, United States of. 

Treaties of Tripoli with the United States have been previously 

dealt with in this volume under America, United States of, No. 48. 
792 



TURKEY.^° 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Spain. 

Treaties of Turkey with the following countries have been previ- 
ously dealt with in this volume under : 

America, United States of , No. 49. Netherlands, No. 410. 

Belgium, No. 122. Norway, No. 416. 

Brazil, No. 140. Russia, No. 443. 

France, No. 312. Serb-Croat- Slovene State, No. 

Great Britain (under British 451. 

Empire), No. 199. Spain, No. 456. 
Montenegro, No. 398. 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

Treaties with Argentina to Venezuela. 

Treaties of the United States have been previously dealt with in 
this volume under America, United States of. 



URUGUAY. 



Treaties with America, United States of, to Spain. 

Treaties of Uruguay with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 

50. 
Brazil, No. 141. 



Germany, No. 314. 
Paraguay, No. 418. 
Spain, No. 457. 



200 Ti*eaties of Turkey with the Allied and Associated Powers have been included in this 
volume to show the character and extent of Turkey's commercial treaty relations before 
the World War. 

793 



VENEZUELA. 

Treaties with America, United States of, to Spain. 

Treaties of Venezuela with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



America, United States of, No. 51. 
Belgium, No. 123. 
France, No. 313. 
Germany, "No. 337. 



Great Britain (under British 

Empire), No. 200. 
Italy, No. 373. 
'Salvador, No. 446. 

Spain, No. 458. 



WEST INDIES.^°^ 

Treaties with Canada. 

Treaties of the West Indies with Canada have been previously 
dealt with in this volume under British Empire. 



ZANZIBAR. 



Treaties with Austria-Hungary to Portugal. 

Treaties of Zanzibar with the following countries have been pre- 
viously dealt with in this volume under : 



Austria-Hungary, No. 90. 
France, No. 296.^^2 

^"1 See also p. 290, note 40. 
=^«2 Concluded with Muscat. 

794 



j Portugal, No. 209. 



DIGESTS OF MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 

No. 459. 

Treaty for redemption of the toll dices on the Sound and Belts. 

SIGNED 14 Mar., 1857, at Copenhagen. Ratifications exchanged there 31 
Mar., 1857. Duration indefinite. (Art III.) Confirmed by the treaties of 
peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Germany (Art. 282), and Hungary 
(Art. 217). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Nether- 
lands, Norway, Russia, and Sweden. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 47 : 24-32 ; Clercq, 7 : 259-67. 

{a) Denmark undertakes and agrees: 

(1) Not to levy an}^ customs or other duties, dues, or charges of any 
kind on vessels of the contracting States or their cargoes for passing 
through the Belts or the Sound from the North Sea to the Baltic or 
vice versa ; not to detain or hinder the passage of such vessels under 
any pretext; nor to reestablish these abolished taxes indirectly by 
increasing port dues or customs duties, or by any navigation or cus- 
toms dues, or in any other manner whatever. (Art. I.) 

(2) To maintain in the best condition all the lights, signals, buoys, 
etc.; to facilitate navigation in the Cattegat, the Sound, and the 
Belts free of any charge whatever against foreign shipping. (Art. 

n.) 

(3) To insure that pilotage service in these waters shall be always 
optional, and that dues for pilotage shall be moderate and the same 
for Danish as for foreign vessels. (Art. II.) 

(4) To reduce transit charges to a uniform basis of perfect equal- 
ity on all waters or canals connecting the North Sea and the Baltic 
or its tributaries. (Art. II.) 

{h) By way of indemnity or compensation for the sacrifices im- 
posed by the foregoing stipulations, the contracting parties under- 
take to pay Denmark stated amounts totaling 30,476.325 rigsdalers 
(Art. IV), payable within 20 years by forty semiannual installments 
(Art. y ) , details of these payments to be arranged for each country 
by separate conventions with Denmark (Art. VI). 

No. 460. 

Convention for redemption of the stade toll on the Elbe. 

SIGNED 22 June, 1861, at Hanover. Ratifications exchanged there 30 June, 
1861. Duration indefinite. (Art. III.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 
1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Germany (Art. 282), and Hungary (Art. 217). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, 
Hungary, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Spain, and Sweden. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 51 : 27-33 ; English, Hertslet Map Eur. 2 : 1471-80. 

{a) The King of Hanover engages to abolish completely and for- 
ever the stade toll on the Elbe, and never to substitute therefor any 

795 



796 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

new tax, of whatever kind, on vessels of the contracting parties or 
their cargoes. (Art. I.) 

(h) By way of indemnity or compensation for the sacrifices im- 
posed by the foregoing stipulation, the contracting parties undertake 
to pay Hanover in stated proportions the total sum of 2,857 ,338f 
German thalers. (Arts. IV, Y.) 

No. 461. 

Convention for redemq}tion of the toll dues o-ii the Scheldt. 

SIGNED 16 July. 1863, at Brussels. Ratifications exchanged there 3 Auj,'., 
1863. Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), 
Germany (Art. 282). Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey' (Art. 269). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Brazil, Chile, Denmark, Prance, Germany, Great Britain, 
Italy, Norway, Peru, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey. 

TEXT : French, B. F. S. P. 53 : 8-17 ; English, Hertslet Map Eur. 2 : 1550-6. 

{a) In consideration of 17,141,640 florins to be paid in stated pro- 
portions by the contracting parties, which sum Belgium undertakes 
to pay over to the Netherlands in accordance with the treaty of 19 
April, 1839 (Art. IV), the toll dues for navigation on the Scheldt 
are abolished forever, never to be reestablished under any form, this 
abolition to apply to the flags of all nations. (Arts. I, II.) 

(5) Belgium undertakes to suppress forever the tonnage dues 
levied in Belgian ports, and to reduce permanently the pilotage dues 
and local taxes imposed by the city of Antwerp on ve>ssels belonging 
to the contracting States, reserving a free hand, however, to regulate 
fiscal and customs treatment of vessels belonging to countries not 
parties to this convention. (Arts. Ill and VII.) 

No. 462. 

Convention respecting creation of an inter national office of weights 
and measures. 

SIGNED 20 May, 1875, at Paris. Effective from 1 Jan.. 1S76, for 12 years, 
and thereafter indefinitely ; but any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. 
(Arts. 13. 14.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 
234), Bulgaria (Art. 162), Germany (Art. 282), and Hungary (Art. 217). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The follOAving countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Fin- 
land, France, Germany, Great Britain. B[ungary, Italy, Japan, Norway, Peru, 
Portugal. Rumania, Russia, Serbia, Siam, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, 
and Venezuela. Other States may accede on request. (Art. 11.) 

TEXT: French, B. F. S. P. 66:562-72. 674-6; Martens 51:663-72; English 
(transL). United States Tr. 11:1924-35. 

{a) With the object of promoting international uniformity and 
precision in standards of weights and measures, a permanent inter- 
national bureau is established at Paris (Art. 1), under the exclusive 
direction and supervision of an international committee of weights 
and measures, controlled by a general conference for weights and 

* Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 79? 

measures, to be composed of delegates of all the contracting Govern- 
ments (Art. 3). 

(h) The International Bureau of Weights and Measures is charged 
with the following duties : 

(1) All comparisons and verifications of the new prototypes of 
the meter and kilogram. 

(2) The custody of the international prototypes. 

(3) The periodical comparison of the national standards with the 
international prototypes and with their test copies, as well as com- 
parisons of the standard thermometers. 

(4) The comparison of the prototypes with the fundamental 
standards of nonmetrical weights and measures used in different 
countries for scientific purposes. 

(5) The sealing and comparison of geodetic measuring bars. 

(6) The comparison of standards and scales of precision, the veri- 
fication of which may be requested by Governments or by scientific 
societies, or even by constructors or men of science. (Art. VI.) 

(g) The entire cost of the international bureau and of its equipment 
is defrayed by contributions from contracting States, in proportion 
to the population of each. (Arts. 9, 10.) 

(d) Detailed and extensive provisions and regulations concerning 
organization and expense of the bureau, and regarding formation and 
powers of the international committee and of the general conference 
for weights and measures. (Arts. 5 and 7; also Appendices Nos. 

I and 2.) 

No. 463. 

International telegvapli convention and service regulations annexed 

thereto, 

SIGNED 22 .July, 1875, at St. Petersburg. Duration indefinite, but any 
State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. XX.) The very exten- 
sive service regulations and tariffs annexed to this convention have been 
revised from time to time, the latest general revision being signed at Lisbon 

II June, 1908.^ The convention of 1875, and the service regulations and tariffs 
of 1908 were confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art 
235), Bulgaria (Art. 163), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Germany (Art. 283), 
Hungary (Arts. 218 and 310), Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey' (Art. 270). 

CONTRACTING STATES: The telegraphic union comprises all important 
countries of the world, except the United States, China, Mexico, Peru, and 
Canada. Nonsignatory States may adhere to this convention on request. (Art 
XVIII.) 

TEXT: (1) Convention of 22 July, 1875, with service regulations annexed — ■ 
French, B. F. S. P. 66 : 19-87 ; Martens 58 : 614r-88. 

(2) Service regulations, revised at Lisbon 11 June, 1908 — French, B. F. S. P. 
102 : 21^340 ; Martens 90 : 208-85. 

The International Telegraphic Bureau is located at Berne, and is 
under the supervision of the Swiss Government, its expenses being 

^ Earlier revisions of the service regulations were made on the following dates : 28 July, 
1879, 17 Sept., 1885, 21 June, 1890, 22 July, 1896, and 10 July, 1903. For texts (French) 
of these (cited in the order named), see B. F. S. P. 70 : 62-133 ; 76 : 597-667 : 82 : 869-952 : 
88 : 1120-1217 ; 97 : 736-866 ; also Martens, 90 : 208, note. 

* Not yet ratified. 



t98 HAITDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

shared by the contracting States. (Art. XIV.) As in case of the 
postal union, the member States are free to conclude among them- 
selves special agreements, or to form more restricted unions not 
inconsistent with the general couA^ention, as their special situation 
or interests may require. (Art. XVII.) 

(a) The contracting States decline to assume any responsibility on 
account of international telegraphic service (Art. Ill), but under- 
take to : 

(1) Employ all means necessary to insure secrecy of telegraphic 
correspondence. (Art. II.) 

(2) Provide special wires for rapid transmission of international 
telegrams. (Art. IV.) 

(h) Telegrams are classified in three classes, as follows: 

(1) Telegrams of State (as defined), which enjoy prioritj^ of 
transmission, and may in all cases be sent in secret language. (Arts. 
V, VI.) 

(2) Service telegrams, sent by telegraphic administrations of the 
contracting States. These go free of charge throughout the terri- 
tories of the contracting countries and may also be sent in cipher, 
but do not enjoy priority of transmission. (Arts. V, VI, XL) 

(3) Private telegrams, which may be exchanged in cipher only 
between States permitting this mode of correspondence, but may pass 
in transit through any contracting State, subject to reserved rights 
noted below under c 2. (Arts. V, VI.) 

(c) The contracting States reserve the right to: 

(1) Stop transmission of any private telegram considered dan- 
gerous to the security of the State or contrary to the laws of the 
country or to public order and sound morals. (Art. VII.) 

(2) Suspend international telegraphic service for indefinite periods 
if deemed necessar}^; either generally or over certain lines and for 
certain kinds of correspondence. (Art. VIII.) 

(d) Provision is made for periodic administrative conferences to 
revise the rates and service regulations from time to time. (Art. 
XV.) But decisions of these conferences are binding only when 
approved by all the Governments of the contracting States. (Art. 
XVI.) 

(e) Very extensive tariffs and service regulations are annexed^ 
which have the same force as the convention itself. (Art. XV.) 

No. 464. 

Convention regarding precautionary measures against phylloxera. 

SIGNED 3 Nov., 1881, at Berne. Ratifications exchanged there 29 Apr., 1832. 
Effective from 14 May, 1882, for indefinite term, but any State may withdraw 



MULTILATERAL CON\TENTIONS. 799 

on previous notice at any time. (Art. 13.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace 
of 1919-20 witli Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria (Art. 167), German> (Art. 282), 
Hungary (Art. 217). and Turkey (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Luxemburg, 
Netherlands. Portugal, Serbia, Spain, and Switzerland. Other States may 
adhere to this convention at any time. (Art. 13.) 

TEXT : French, Martens 58 : 435-40 ; 65 : 570-1 ; B. F. S. P. 73 : 323-9 ; 
81 : 1311-12. 

(a) Measures to be taken by the different contracting States 
against introduction or spread of phylloxera are specified in detail. 
(Arts. 1-9.) 

(h) A country which is not party to this convention must not be 
treated more favorably than a contracting State. (Art. 10.) 

(c) This convention is subject to revision in manner stated, as expe- 
rience or progress of science may suggest. (Art. 11.) 

No. 465. 

Convention regulating police of North Sea -fisheries outside territorial 

waters. 

SIGNED 6 May, 1882, at The Hague. Ratifications deposited 15 Mar., 1884. 
Duration indefinite; but any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 
39.) Article 8 was modified by declaration signed 1 Feb., 1889,^ as regards mark- 
ing of sails of fishing boats. Confirmed by the treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919, 
with Germany (Art. 285) ; except that all rights of inspection and police in the 
case of fishing boats of the Allied Powers shall be exercised solely by ships be- 
longing to those powers (Art. 272). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this conven- 
tion : Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, and Netherlands. 

TEXT : French, F. F. S. P. 73 : 39-48 ; Martens 59 : 556-63. 

{a) The exclusive right of fishing within limits of territorial 
waters (as defined) is reserved to the nationals of each country. 
(Arts. 2, 3.) 

{h) Limits of the North Sea defined for the purpose of applying 
dispositions of this convention. (Art. 4.) 

{c) Detailed regulations regarding registration, naming, number- 
ing, and marking of fishing boats and their sails. (Arts. 5-12 and 
decl. of 1889.^) 

{d) Detailed provisions relating to casting of nets and supervision 
or police of the fishing grounds, including rules to be observed and 
penalties and remedies for their infraction. (Arts. 13-37.) 

No. 466. 

Convention for protection of submarine cables. 

SIGNED 14 Mar., 1884, at Paris. Ratifications exchanged there 16 Apr., 1885. 
Duration indefinite, but any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 
XVI.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Germany (Art. 282), 
Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria (Art. 167), Hunkary (Art. 217), and Turkey* 
(Art. 269). 

*Not yet ratified. 

8 French, B. F. S. P. 81 : 9-11. 



800 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this conven- 
tion : United States, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Canada, Belgium, Brazil, 
Costa Rica, Denmark. Dominican Republic, France, Germany, Great Britain 
(and colonies), Greece, Guatemala, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, 
Norway, Portugal, Rumania, Russia. Salvador, Serbia, South Africa, Spain, 
Sweden, Turkey, and Uruguay. Other countries may adhere on request. 
(Art. XIV.) 

TEXT: (1) Convention of 14 Mar., ISS-^^-French, Martens 61:281-90; B. F. 
S. P. 75:356-66. English (transl.). United States Tr. 11:1949-59; Hertslet 
17 : 495-503. 

(2) Declarations of 1 Dec., 1886, and 23 Mar.. 1887, and protocol of 1 July, 
1887— French, Martens 65:69-71; B. F. S. P. 77:1140-41; 78:13-14. 

(a) This convention applies, outside territorial waters, to all 
legally established submarine cables landed in the territories, colo- 
nies, or possessions of any of the contracting States. (Art. 1.) 

(h) Brealdng or damaging submarine cables willfully or negli- 
gently (as defined by declaration of 1886) is made a punishable of- 
fense. (Arts. II and IV.) 

(c) Rules and precautions to be observed to prevent collision or 
interference with vessels engaged in laying or repairing cables. 
(Arts. V, VI.) 

(d) Shipowners and others who have sacrificed anchors, fishing 
nets, or other property to avaid injuring submarine cables are en- 
titled to indemnity from owner of the cable, in the manner stated. 
(Art. VII.) 

(e) Jurisdiction of courts for infractions of this convention, and 
procedure relating thereto. (Arts. VIII-XI.) 

(/) The contracting States undertake to propose to their respec- 
tive legislatures the measures necessary to secure execution of this 
convention, and to communicate to each other their respective laws 
relating to the objects thereof. (Arts. XII, XIII.) 

(g) Stipulations of this convention shall in no wise affect the lib- 
erty of action of belligerents. (Art. XV.) 

No. 46 7. 

Resolutions regarding establishment of a standard international con- 
cert pitch. 

SIGNED at the international conference held at Vienna 19 Nov., 1885. Con- 
firmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Germany 
(Art. 282), and Hungary (Art. 217). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Russia, and Sweden. 

TEXT: Italian (transl. from German original), Italy, Tr. 10 : 727-30. 

This conference, after defining the proposed standard international 
concert pitch and specifying the means and conditions of its pro- 
duction, recommends a series of measures to be taken by the Govern- 
ments concerned to make its resolutions effective. As soon as prac- 
ticable, the proposed standard pitch is to be made obligatory for all 
public or private institutions where music is cultivated; also for 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 801 

musical societies, theaters, militai y bands, etc. : and so far as pos- 
sible for organs in churches. (Arts. II, III.) Moreover, all insti- 
tutions, etc.. for which the standard pitch is made obligatory are to 
be charged vrith the duty of maintaining the standard invariable 
within their respective spheres of action. The means and instruments 
for accomplishing this aie specified in detail. (Art. IV and addl. 
resolutions. ) 

Xo. 468. 

Agreement regarding tccJinical stcmdardization of railways. 

SIGNED 15 May, 1886, at Berne. Revised by final protocol of 18 May, 1907. 
Duration indefinite, but any State may withdraw on six months' notice. (Art. 
IX.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), 
Bulgaria (Art. 162). Czechoslovakia (Art. 20 ^ Germany (Art. 282), Poland 
Art. 19). and Turkey' (Art. 27-3). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this Agree- 
ment : Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark. France. Germany, Greece, Hun- 
gary, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Rumania, Russia (for 
certain lines only), Serbia. Sweden, and Switzerland. 

TEXT: (1) Agreement of 15 May, 1886— French, Italy Tr. 11: 20-34. 

(2) Revision of IS May, 1907 — ^French text and German transl.. Martens 
87 : 888-912. 

This agreement consists of detailed technical specifications regard- 
ing width of gage, construction of rolling stock, etc.. and is subject 
to revision from time to time. (Art. 3.) 

No. 46 9. 

Agreement regarding sealing of railicay trucks suhject to customs in- 
spection. 

SIGNED 15 May, 1886. at Berne. Duration indefinite, but any State may with- 
draw on six months* notice. (Art. 4.) Revised by the final protocol of 18 May, 
1907. Confirmed by the Treaties of Peace of 1919-20 with Germany TArt. 282), 
Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria (Art. 162), Czechoslovakia (Art. "20), Poland 
(Art. 19). and Turkey' (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this agree- 
ment : Austria. Belgium. Bulgaria. Denmark, France. Germany, Greece, Hun- 
gary, Italy, Luxemburg. Netherlands, Norway, Poland. Rumania, Serbia, Sweden, 
and Switzerland. 

TEXT: (1) Agreement of 15 May, 1886— French, Italy Tr. 11:20-34: 
Martens 72 : 42-51. 

(2) Final protocol of 18 May, 1907 — French text and German transl., Ma^ens 
87 : 878-88. 

This convention deals with the mode of construction of railway 

trucks and specifies in detail the means of securely sealing the same. 

(Arts. 1, 2.) 

No. 470. 

Convention regarding liquor traffic in the North Sea. 

SIGNED 16 Nov., 1887, at The Hague. Ratifications deposited there 11 Apr., 

1894. Effective from 25 May. 1894, for indefinite term : but any State may 
withdraw on three months' notice. (Art. 11, as modified by protocol of 14 Feb., 

" Not yet ratified. 



802 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

1893/ Conflrnied by the treaty of peace of 28 June, 1919, with Germany (Art. 
285), on condition that all rights of inspection and police in the case of fishing 
boats of the allied powers shall be exercised solely by ships belonging to those 
powers (Art. 272). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, and Netherlands. 

TEXT: French text and German transl.. Martens 69:414-23; French. B. F. 
S. P. 79 : 894-9 ; 78 : 1206. 

(a) Prohibition of sale, purchase, or exchange of spirituous liquors 
(as defined) , to or by any person on board a fishing boat, or belonging 
thereto. (Art. 2.) 

(h) The provisioning of fishing boats with articles other than 
liquors is made subject to license from the State to which the boat 
belongs. (Art. 3.) 

(c) Stipulations regarding legislative measures to be enacted by 
the contracting States to insure execution of this convention. 
(Art. 4.) 

(d) Provisions regarding supervision by cruisers charged with 
policing the fisheries; also punishments and procedure in case of 
infraction. (Arts. 5-9.) 

No. 4 71. 

Convention resfecting free namgation of the Suez Canal. 

SIGNED 29 Oct., 1888, at Constantinople. Ratifications deposited there 22 
Dec, 1888. Duration indefinite. (Art. XIV.) Confirmed and modified by the 
treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Germany (Art. 282), 
Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey" (Arts. 101, 109, 269). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Nether- 
lands, Russia, Spain, and Turkey.^ 

TEXT: French text and German transl., Martens 65:557-66: French, B. F. 
S. P. 79 : 18-22 ; Hdb. 1912 : 389-94 ; English (transl.), A. .1. I. L. Supp. 3 : 123-7. 

{a) The Suez Canal to be free and open in time of w^ar as in time 
of peace to the merchant ships and warships of all countries. (Art. 1.) 

{h) No act of hostility to be committed in the Canal or within 3 
miles of its ports, or any act to obstruct its free navigation. (Art. 
IV.) 

((?) Detailed provisions relating to vessels of war, designed to in- 
sure freedom of navigation through the Canal at all times, in peace 
and war. (Arts, lY-VII.) 

{d) None of the contracting States shall endeavor to obtain ter- 
ritorial or commercial advantages with respect to the Canal. (Art. 
XII.) But the sovereign rights of the Sultan^ and rights and im- 
munities of the Khedive shall not be prejudiced by this convention. 
(Arts. XII, XIII.) 

^French, B. P. S. P. 79:894-5. 

« In the treaty of peace of 10 Aug., 1920 (not yet ratified), Turkey is required to 
renounce all rights and title in or over Egypt, as from 5 Nov., 1914, and to recoguize the 
protectorate proclaimed over Egypt by Great Britain on 18 Dec, 1914 (Art. 101) ; also to 
renounce in favor of Great Britain the powers conferred upon the Sultan by t^ is corven- 
tion relating to the Suez Canal (Art. 109). 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 808 

No. 4 72. 

International convention for the ■puhlication of customs tariffs. 

SIGNED 5 July, 1890, at Brussels. Effective from 1 Apr., 1891. for successive 
periods of seven years, subject to revision at any time by mutual agreement 
Parties may withdraw at the expiration of any seven-year period by giving 
12 months' previous notice to the Belgian Government. (Art. XY.) Confirmed 
by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Germany (Art. 282), Austria (Art. 234), 
Bulgaria (Art. 162), Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey' (Art. 269). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Argentina, Austria, Belgium. Bolivia. Brazil, Bulgaria, 
Canada, Chile, China. Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Den- 
mark (and colonies), Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France (and 
colonies), Germany, Great Britain (and sundry colonies), Greece, Guatemala, 
Haiti, Honduras. India, Italy (and colonies), Japan, Mexico, Netherlands (and 
colonies), New Zealand. Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Persia, Peru, 
Poland, Portugal (and colonies), Rumania. Russia, Salvador, Serbia, Siam, 
South Africa, Spain (and colonies), Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey. Uruguay, and 
Venezuela. Other countries may accede to this convention on request. (Art. 14.) 

TEXT : French and English, Martens 68 : 558-76 ; French B. F. S. P., 82 : 340-9 ; 
English (transl.), United States Tr. II : 1996-2005 ; Hertslet 18 : 542-51. 

(a) The object of the union established by this convention is to pub- 
lish at the common expense the customs tariffs of all countries, and any 
modifications made in those tariffs from time to time. For this pur- 
pose an international bureau is organized at Brussels, which is re- 
quired to translate and publish these tariffs (also any legislation or 
executive provisions modifying the same) in English, French, Ger- 
man, Italian, and Spanish (Reg., Art. 1), in its official organ, to be 
known as " The International Customs Bulletin " (Arts. 2^) . Any 
member State has the privilege of translating and publishing at its 
own expense the whole or any part of the bulletin in any language, 
except those adopted by the international bureau. (Reg., Art. 2.) 

(5) The annual expense of the international bureau is fixed at a 
maximum of 125,000 francs, contributed by the contracting States in 
quotas determined by the amount of their commerce. (Arts. 8-11 and 
final decl.) 

(<?) To facilitate accurate editing of the bulletin the contracting 
States are required to send to the bureau two copies : 

(1) Of their customs law and their customs tariff, carefully brought 
up to date. 

(2) Of all provisions that shall ultimately modify said law and 
tariff. 

(3) Of the circulars and instructions (which can be made public) 
addressed by the said Governments to their customhouses concerning 
the application of the tariff or the classification of goods. 

(4) Of their treaties of commerce, international conventions, and 
domestic laws having a direct bearing upon the existing tariffs. (Art. 
12.) 

»Not yet ratified. 

54083—22 52 



804 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

No. 473. 

Convention concerning transportation of goods hy rail. 

SIGNED 14 Oct., 1890, at Berne. Ratifications deposited there 30 Sept., 1892. 
Effective from 30 Dec, 1892, for three years, and thereafter indefinitely for fur- 
ther periods of three years ; but parties may withdraw at close of any three-year 
period by notice given twelve months before. (Art. 60.) Revised by later con- 
ventions noted below^, all of which are confirmed by the treaties of peace of 
1919-20 with Austria (Art. 313), Bulgaria (Art. 237), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), 
Germany (Art. 366), Hungary (Art. 296), Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey" (Art. 
354). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Ger- 
many, Hungary, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Rumania, 
Russia, and Switzerland. Other States may adhere on request. 

TEXT: (1) Convention of 14 Oct., 1890 — French and German, Martens 
69 : 289-366 ; French, B. F. S. P. 82 : 771-97. 

(2) Additional agreement of 16 July, 1895— French, Martens 74:562-614; 
B. F. S. P. 87 : 806-33. 

(3) Additional convention of 16 June, 1898 — French and German, Martens 
80 : 184-202 ; French, B. F. S. P. 92 : 433-43. 

(4) Second additional convention of 19 Sept., 1906 — French and German, 
Martens 88 : 920-82. 

{a) This convention and its several revisions apply to all merchan- 
dise (except objects specified in Art. 2) consigned on through bills 
of lading from one of the contracting countries to another over rail- 
way lines specified. Traffic regulations annexed have the same force 
as the convention itself. (Art. 1.) 

{b) To insure and facilitate execution of this convention, provision 
is made for a central office to be organized and supervised b}^ the Swiss 
Government at Berne. Duties of this office are specified in detail. 
(Art. 57 and Arts. I-III of regulations relating thereto.) 

{c) Very extensive and detailed stipulations regarding the numer- 
ous matters involved in international railway freight traffic are set 
out in the sixty articles of this convention, and in Articles I to XXXY 
annexed thereto, most of which have been amended from time to time 
by the later revisions noted above. 

No, 474. 

Convention regarding tonnage measurement of vessels for inland 
navigation. 

SIGNED 4 Feb., 1898. at Brussels. Ratifications deposited there 30 Jan., 
1899. Effective from 31 July. 1899, for indefinite period; but any State may 
withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. V.) Confirmed by the treaty of peace 
with Germany of 28 June, 1919. (Art. 282.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. The parties to this convention are Belgium,. 
France, Germany, and the Netherlands. 

TEXT : French text and German transL, Martens 78 : 733-42 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 90 : 303-7. 

{a) Certificates of tonnage measurements issued to vessels of in- 
terior navigation by competent authorities of one of the contracting 
States in accordance with stipulations annexed to this convention 

i« Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 805 

must be recognized as equivalent to the certificates issued by author- 
ities of the other contracting States. (Art. I.) 

(h) The contracting States undertake to communicate to each 
other all regulations made bA^ any of them regarding application of 
the stipulations annexed to this convention, at least three months 
before said regulations become effective. (Art. II.) 

(c) Detailed rules for measuring tonnage of vessels of interior 
navigation. (Annex. Arts. I-IX.) 

No. 475. 

C 0711' edition regarding protection of hirds useful to agriculture. 

SIGNED 19 Mar., 1902, at Paris. Duration indefinite, l)iit any State may 
withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. XIV.) Confirmed by the treaties of 
peace of 1919-20 with An^^tria (Art 234), Bulgaria (Art. 167), Germany 
(Art. 282), Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey" (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Bel.a-ium Bulgaria, France, Germany. Greece, Hungary, 
Liechtenstein, Luxemburg. Monaco, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. 

TEXT : French text and German transl., Martens 80 : 690-701 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 102 : 969-74. 

This convention of 16 articles provides in detail for protection 
of birds useful to agriculture, their nests, eggs, and broods, by means 
of laws and other measures to be enacted and applied by the con- 
tracting States. A list of useful and of harmful birds is annexed to 
the convention for the guidance of the legislatures and administra- 
tions concerned. (Annex, Xos. 1 and 2.) 

No. 476. 

Convention for regulating the guardianship of minors. 

SIGNED 12 June, 1902, at the Hague. Ratifications deposited there 1 June, 
1904. pjffective from 1 Aug., 1904 (Art. 12), until 1 June, 1909, and thereafter 
for successive periods of five years; but parties may withdraw at the close 
of any five-year period upon notice given six months before. (Art. 13.) Con- 
firmed bv the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Germany 
(Art. 282), and Hungary (Art. 217). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Luxemburg, Nether- 
lands. Rumania, and Sweden. 

TEXT : French text and German transl., Martens 81 : 724-33 ; French. B. F. 
S. P. 95 : 421-5. 

{a) Guardianship of minors is regulated by the law of their home 
State. (Arts. 1 and 5.) 

{b) In case no provision is made by the law of their home State 
for minors habitually residing abroad, the diplomatic or consular 
agent ma}^ make such provision conformably to the law of the 
minors' home State, subject to the consent of the State of residence. 
(Art. 2.) 

((?) In case no provision is made for guardianship of minors in 
accordance with provisions noted above under (a) and (&), the 

^Not yet ratified. 



806 HAI:^DBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

guardianship of minors residing abroad is governed by the law of 
the place of residence. (Art. 3.) 

{d) Guardianship extends to the minor's person, and to all his 
possessions wherever located, except when landed property is placed 
under a special regime by the local law. (Art. 6.) 

{e) In all urgent cases the local authorities may take measures 
necessary to protect the persons and interests of alien minors. 
(Art. T.) 

(/) The home State must be notified when minors are found in 
foreign countries in circumstances requiring appointment of guard- 
ians for them. (Art. 8.) 

{g) This convention applies only to minors who belong to, and 
habitually reside in, one of the contracting States (Art. 9) ; and 
does not apply to their territories outside of Europe (Art. 10) ; ex- 
cept that Articles 7 and 8 (noted above under {e) and (/) apply to 
all minors who are nationals of the contracting States (Art. 9). 

No. 477. 

Convention regarding exemption of hospital ships from dues and 
charges in ports. 

SIGNED 21 Dec, 1904, at The Hague. Duration indefinite, but any State 
may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 6.) Confirmed by the treaties of 
peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234). Bulgaria (Art. 167), Germany (Art. 
282). Hungary (Art. 217), and Turlvey " (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Corea, Denmark, 
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Luxemburg, Mexico, Monte- 
negro, Netherlands, Peru, Persia, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, San Marino, Siam, 
Spain, and Switzerland. 

TEXT : French text and German trans!.. Martens 87 : 213-22 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 98: 624-30 ; English (transL), United States Tr. II : 2135-40. 

{a) Hospital ships which fulfill the conditions stated are exempt, 
in time of war, from all dues and taxes imposed on vessels for the 
benefit of the State in the ports of the contracting parties (Art. 1) ; 
but this rule is binding only on the contracting powers in case of war 
between two or more of them, and ceases to be binding when one of 
the belligerents is joined by a noncontracting power (Art. III). 

(Z)) Consignatory powers are permitted to adhere to this conven- 
tion after 1 Oct., 1905. (Art. V.) 

No. 478. 

Convention for creation of an international agricultural institute. 

SIGNED 7 June, 1905, at Rome. Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 
1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria (Art. 162), Germany (Art. 282), and 
Hungary (Art. 217). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bul- 
garia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, Ecuador, 
Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Great Britain (and colonies specified), 

12 Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 807 

Greece, Hungary, India. Italy (and colonies), Japan. Luxemburg, Mexico, Mon- 
tenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand. Nicaragua, Norway. Paraguay, Persia, Peru. 
Portugal, Rumania. Russia, Salvador, San Marino, Serbia, Siam, South Africa, 
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunis, Turkey, and Uruguay. 

TENT : French text and German transl., INIartens 87 :' 238-43 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 100:595-604; Hertslet 26:2.57-65; English (transl.), United States Tr. 
II : 2140-8. 

(a) A permanent International Institute of Agriculture is estab- 
lished at Rome (Art. 1) as a Government institution, composed of 
a general assembly and a permanent committee (Arts. II-VIII), in 
both of Avhich each contracting State is represented (Arts. Ill and 
VII). 

(h) The work of the institute is controlled by the general assembly, 
which considers projects prepared by the permanent committee, fixes 
the budget, and audits and approves the accounts. (Art. Y.) 

(c) The contracting States are classed in five groups, the financial 
contribution and number of votes of each State varying according 
to the group in which it chooses to be placed. (Art. X.) 

(d) The institute, confining its operations within an international 
sphere, shall : 

(1) Collect, study, and publish statistical, technical, or economic 
information relating to agriculture, commerce in agricultural prod- 
ucts, and prices prevailing in the various markets ; and communicate 
such information to the interested parties. 

(2 Indicate wages paid for farm work. 

(3) Make known any plant diseases which may appear in any 
part of the world, indicating territories infected, the progress of the 
disease, and remedies thought to be effective in combating the same. 

(4) Study questions of agricultural cooperation, insurance and 
credit in all their aspects, and publish useful information relating 
thereto. 

(5) Submit to the different Governments for their approval any 
measures designed to protect the common interests of farmers and 
to improve their condition, taking account of all sources of informa- 
tion, such as resolutions of agricultural congresses, agricultural 
societies, academies, and other bodies. (Art. IX.) 

(e) All questions concerning the economic interests, the legisla- 
tion and administration of a particular nation are excluded from 
the consideration of the institute, its functions being confined to 
the international sphere. (Art. IX.) 

No. 4 79. 

Convention relating to civil procedure. 

SIGNED 17 July, 1905, at The Hague. Ratifications deposited there 24 Apr., 
1909. Effective from 27 Apr.. 1909 (Art. 28), for five years, and thereafter by 
tacit renewal for further periods of five years; but parties may withdraw at the 
close of any five-year period on six months' previous notice (Art. 29). Replaces 



808 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAJL TREATIES, 

tlie convention of 14 Nov.. 1896, and the additional protocol of 22 May, 1897, 
concerning private international law. (Art. 28.) The convention of IT July, 
1905, was renewed (except by France, Portugal, and Rumania) by the treaties 
of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 238), Germany (Art. 287),Vnd Hungary 
(Art. 221). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Luxemburg, 
Netherlands, Norw-ay, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. Other States 
represented at the fourth conference on private international law may adhere 
at any time. (Art. 27.) 

TEXT: French text and German transL, Martens 87:213-64: French B. F. 
S. P. 99:990-1000. 

This convention contains extensive provisions concerning the fol- 
lowing matters : 

(a) Communication of judicial and extrajudicial documents 
among the contracting States. (Arts. 1-7.) 

(h) Transmission and execution of commissions of request as be- 
tween the contracting States. (Arts. 8-16.) 

(c) Treatment of each other's citizens by the contracting States 
as regards costs of judicial procedure (Arts. 17-19), free judicial or 
legal aid (Arts. 20-23), and arrest or constraint of person (Art. 24). 

(d) This convention does not prevent contracting States from 
making separate or special arrangements with each other for direct 
correspondence between their judicial authorities with regard to the 
objects of this convention. (Arts. 1 and 9.) 

No. 480. 

InternoAional sojiitary convention {Inter-Amei'ican) . 

SIGNED 14 Oct., 1905, at Washington. Duration indefinite. 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, 
Mexico,Nicaragua, Peru, Salvador, and Venezuela. Other States may adhere 
upon request. 

TEXT : English and Spanish. U. S. T. S. No. 518 : English, United States Tr. 
II : 2144-57 ; B. F. S. P. 101 : 478-91 ; Martens 2 : 277-90. 

This convention prescribes extensive and detailed regulations to be 
observed by contracting States as soon as plague, cholera, or yellow 
fever appear (Arts. I-IX) and measures of defense by other coun- 
tries against territories declared to be infected (Arts. X-L). 

No. 481. 

Uni'vcrsal postal convention {26 May., 1906), 

The first convention to establish a General Postal Union, signed at Berne 
9 Oct., 1874, has been revised and extended from time to time. The conventions 
and agreements s'gned at Vienna 4 July, 1891, at Washington 15 June, 1897, 
and at Rome 26 May, 1906, were confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 
with Austria (Art. 235), Bulgaria (Art. 163), Germany (Art. 283), and Hun- 
gary (Art. 218). Duration indefinite, but any State may withdraw on 12 
months' notice. (Art. 28.) All treaties, conventions, agreements, or other acts 
previously concluded betweeen the contracting countries or administrations are 
abrogated by the convention of 1906, so far as they do not accord with its terms, 
without prejudice to rights noted below under f. (Art. 29.) 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 809 

CONTRACTING STATES: Virtually all the countries and colonies of the 
world are now members of the Postal Union. For list of member countries, see 
text references cited below. Any country may adhere to this convention on 
request. (Art. 24.) 

TEXT^^: (1) Convention of 4 July, 1891, and service regulations annexed — 
French text and German transl., Martens 67 : 628-712 ; French text and English 
transL, B. F. S. P. 83 : 513-44. 

(2) Convention of 15 June, 1897 (with service regulations) — French text and 
English transL United States Stat, 30 : 1629-1738 ; French text and German 
transl., Martens 78:453-555; French, B. F. S. P. 89:65-158; English, Hertslet 
21 : 484-538. 

(3) Convention of 26 IMay, 1906 (with service regulations) — French text and 
German transL, Martens 86 : 355-472 ; French text and English transl., United 
States Stat., 35 : 1639-1769 ; French, B. F. S. P. 99 : 254-321. 

{a) Member countries of the Universal Postal Union form a single 
postal territory for reciprocal exchange of correspondence and other 
specified mail matter between their post offices. (Arts. 1, 2.) 

{!)) Provisions concerning special agreements for convenience of 
mails between contiguous countries. (Art. 3.) 

((?) The right of transit is guaranteed throughout the entire ter- 
ritory of the Union. Extensive and detailed stipulations concerning 
transit rates. (Art. 4.) 

{d) Detailed provisions concerning rates of postage and general 
conditions (Art. 5) ; registered articles, return receipts, and requests 
for information (Art. 6) ; articles marked with trade charges (Art. 
7) ; responsibility for registered articles (Art. 8) ; withdrawal of 
articles, correction of address, etc. (Art. 9) ; fixing of rates in money 
other than franc (Art. 10) ; prepayment, reply coupons, and ex- 
emptions from postage (Art. 11) ; postage kept by collecting country 
(Art. 12) ; special-delivery articles (Art. 13) ; reforwarding unde- 
livered articles (Art. 14) ; mails exchanged with warships (Art. 15) ; 
prohibitions (Art. 16) ; relations with countries outside the Union 
(Art. IT) ; counterfeit postage stamps (Art. 18) ; and special ar- 
rangements for particular services (Art. 19). 

{e) The postal administration of the member countries may draw 
up executive regulations, and make special arrangements within 
limits stated. (Art. 20.) 

(/) This convention does not alter legislation of any country on 
matters not provided for by its stipulations, and does not restrict 
the right of contracting parties to maintain and conclude treaties or 
more restricted unions ^* for reduction of postal rates or other im- 
provements of postal relations. (Art. 21.) 

13 For texts (French) of conventions of 1874 and revisions of 1878 and 1885, see 
B. F. S. P. 65 : 13-20 ; 69 : 210-20 ; and 76 : 1315-26. 

1* A number of more restricted unions have been formed for special purposes, such as 
the agreements of 26 May, 1906, for exchange of money orders ; for transmission of 
packages of declared value, registered and insured ; for collection of payments through the 
postal service ; for postal subscriptions to newspapers ; and the parcels-post convention of 
the same date. All these unions make use of the international bureau at Berne as their 
agent, and their meetings are usuallj^ hjeid -together with the congresses of the Universal 
Postal Union. t.VV^i yih-". i.0 -110.^,4^^114 vj 'liuO eJJio* j,m j 



810 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

(g) Under the name of the International Bureau of the Universal 
Postal Union a central office is maintained, which is conducted under 
the supervision of the Swiss postal administration, and of which 
the expenses are borne by all the administrations of the union. Duties 
of this bureau are specified in detail. (Art. 22.) 

(h) Postal congresses to be held regularly every five years, or 
oftener when requested by at least two-thirds of the member countries. 
In the deliberations each country has one vote only. (Art. 25.) 

(i) Provisions concerning proposals made between congresses and 
detailed statement of procedure relating thereto. (Art. 26.) 

(j) List of protectorates and colonies included in the union. 
(Art. 27.) 

(k) Detailed and very extensive administrative regulations are 
annexed to this convention (Arts. I-XLV) ; also forms to be used 
by postal administrations (Annexes A-S). 

No. 482. 

Convention respecting prohibition of night work for women in in- 
dustrial employment. 

SIGNED 26 Sept., 1906, at Berne. Effective from 14 Jan., 1912 (8 years later 
for certain industries named), for 12 years, after whicli any State may witli- 
draw on 12 months' notice. (Arts. 8 and 11.) Confirmed by ttie treaties of 
peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Bulgraria (Art. 167), Czechoslovakia 
(Art. 20), Germany (Art. 282), and Poland (Art. 19). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France (with Algeria), 
Germany, Great Britain (with specified colonies), Hungary, Italy, Luxemburg, 
Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, and Tunis. 
Other States may adhere to this convention at any time on request. (Art. 9.) 

This convention does not apply to colonies, possessions, or protectorates, ex 
cept on special notice to that effect given by the mother country. (Art. 6.) 

TEXT : French text and German transl.. Martens 87 : 861-71 ; French B. F. 
S. P. 100: 794-801; English (transl.), A. J. I. L. Supp. 4; 328-37. 

{a) This convention has no application to any industrial undertak- 
ing where not more than 10 workers or only members of the family 
are employed. " Industrial undertakings " for the purpose of this 
convention include mines, quarries, factories, and other industries to 
be defined by the laws of each State. (Art. 1.) 

{h) Night work in industrial undertakings is prohibited to women, 
without distinction of age (Art. 1), subject to specified exceptions 
(Art. 3). 

{c) Each night's rest shall be not less than 11 consecutive hours 
(10 hours under conditions stated), which must include the interval 
from 10 p. m. to 5 a. m. (Arts. 2, 4, and 7.) ) 

{d) The contracting States agree to take measures for the strict 
enforcement of this convention, and to communicate to each other 
their laws and regulations with reference thereto; also periodical 
reports concerning application of said laws. (Art. 5.) 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 811 

No. 483. 

Convention proJiibitlng use of white (yellotc) phosphorous in manu- 
facture of matches. 

SIGNED 26 Sept., 1906, at Berne. Effective from 1 Jan., 1912 (Hertslet 
26:277), for five years, and thereafter indefinitely; but any State may withdraw 
on 12 months' notice (Art. 6). Confirmed by the treaties of pence of 1919-20 
with Austria (Art. 240), Bulgaria (Art. 167), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Ger- 
many (Art. 282). Hungary (Art. 223), and Poland (Art. 19). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following counrries are parties to this conven- 
tion : Australia, Austria. Bulgaria, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Denmark (with. 
Faroe Islands and Danish Antilles), France, (with specified colonies), Germany, 
Great Britain (with specified colonies), India, Luxemburg, Netherlands (with 
Netherland Indies), New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, and Tunis, Other States may adhere on request. 
(Art, 5.) Adherence to this convention was recommended by the first annual 
conference of the International Labor Organization. See No. 507 in this 
volume. 

This convention does not apply to colonies, possessions, or protectorates, 
except on special notice to that effect given by the mother country. (Art. 3.) 
For list of ratifications and accessions, see Hertslet 25 :695, 697 ; 26 :277 ; 
27 :265. 

TEXT: French text and German transl., Martens 87: 872-7; French, B. F. S. 
P. 99:98^90; Hertslet 25:695-7, 

The contracting countries undertake and agree : 

{a) To prohibit within their territories the manufacture, importa- 
tion, and sale of matches containing white (yellow) phosphorus. 
(Art. 1.) 

(&) To take measures for the strict enforcement of this conven- 
tion and to communicate to each other their laws and regulations 
with reference thereto ; also periodical reports concerning application 
of such laws. (Art. 2.) 

No. 484. 

Agreement respecting unification of the pharmacopoeial forrroulm 
for potent dt'mgs. 

SIGNED 29, Nov., 1906, at Brussels. Effective from 29 Dec, 1906, for 
indefinite period; but any State may withdraw on six months' notice. (Art.s. 
5, 6.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), 
Bulgaria (Art. 162), Germany (Art. 282), Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey'^ 
(Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. United States (with reservations), Austria, 
Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain (with reserva- 
tions), Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, 
Portugal (with reservations), Russia, Serbia, Spain, Sweden (with reserva- 
tions), and Switzerland. Other States mav adhere at their request. (An. 4.) 

TEXT: French, B.; F. S. P. 99:179-87; Martens 86 : 592-600 ; English, 
(transl.), United States Tr. 11:2209-14. 

(«) Some 50 medicinal substances are listed, which are to be desig- 
nated, in the Pharmacopoeia published by each of the contracting 
Governments, by the Latin names used in the table, and must conform 
with the pharmaceutical directions indicated therein. (Art. 1.) 

(&) Statement of rules to be applied in preparation of substances 
other than those listed in the table. (Art. 2.) 

^^ Not yet ratified. 



812 HAIN^DBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TKEATIES. 

(c) Specifications for a normal drop measure to be adopted by 
the contracting Governments. (Art. 3.) 

(d) Stipulations of Articles 1 to 3 are not binding upon any of the 
contracting parties until publication of a new issue, or of a supple- 
ment, of its Pharmacopoeia. (Art. 5.) 

No. 485. 

Arrangeineiit for establishw.ent of the internoMonal office of fublic 
hygiene. 

SIGNED 9 Dec, 1907, at Rome. Ratifications exchanged 15 Nov., 1908. 
Effective for seven years and thereafter indefinitely ; but any State may with- 
draw at close of any seven-year period by giving notice one year before. 
(Art. YIII.) The right is reserved to make changes in this arrangement by 
joint agreement at anv time, as experience may suggest. (Art. V.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this 
arrangement: United States, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Belgium. Bolivia, 
Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Egypt, France (with French West 
Africa and Madagascar), Great Britain, India, Italy, Mexico, Monaco, Nether- 
lands, Norway, Persia, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Serbia, South 
Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunis, Turkey, and Uruguay. Other coun- 
tries may adhere on request. (Art. VI.) 

TEXT: French and English transL, G. B. T. S, 1909, No. 6. Gd. 4532; 
French, B. F. S. P. 100 : 46()-72 ; Martens 87:913-18; English (transl.), United 
States Tr. II : 2214-19. 

{a) The contracting States engage to establish and maintain an 
International Office of Public Hygiene with headquarters at Paris 
(Art. I), to function under the authority and supervision of a com- 
mittee composed of delegates of the contracting States. (Art. II.) 

(5) Organization and powers of this Office; the membership, 
rights, and duties of the committee ; publication of information col- 
lected; and apportionment of expenses among the contracting coun- 
tries, are determined by the organic by-laws annexed to this arrange- 
ment as an integral part thereof. (Arts. II-IV, and by-laws, 
Arts. I-XVI.) 

No. 486. 

Convention relating to protection of literary and mrtlstic works ^ 
o.nd protocol additional thereto. 

SIGNED 13 Nov., 1908, at Berlin. Additional protocol signed 20 Mar., 
1914, at Berne. Effective from 9 Sept., 1910, for indefinite term; but any 
State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 29.) Subject to revision 
by conferences of delegates from the member countries ; but no alteration is 
binding on the union except by unanimous consent of the countries composing 
it. (Art. 24.) In the relations of the States parties thereto, this convention 
replaces that of 9 Sept., 1886, and the additional act of 4 May, 1896, except 
that certain provisions of the earlier conventions may be substituted for the 
corresponding provisions in the convention of 1908.^® The conventions of 1886 

« In accordance with Articles 25 and 27 of the convention of 1908, substitutions 
concern the following articles, subjects, and countries : 

Art. 2 : Works of architecture (Norway). 

Art. 8: Exclusiye rig-ht of making or authorizing translations (Italy, Japan, Nether- 
lands, and Portugal). 

Art. 9 : Publication in newspapers and periodicals (Denmark, Netherlands, Norv/ay, 
Portugal and Sweden). 

Art. 11 : Dramatic or dramatico-musical works (Italy, Japan, Netherlands, and Fortu- 
;ral). 

Art. IS : Expiration of term of protection (Great Britain and Norway). 

(For details, see L. N. T. S., 1 : 235, 239-42.) 



MULTILATERAL CON^TSNTIONS. 813 

and 1908 and protocol of 1914 are confirmed by the peace treaties of 1919-20 
with Austria (Art. 239), Bulgaria (Art. 166). Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Ger- 
many (Art. 286), Hungary (Art. 222), Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey" (Art. 
272), subject to exceptions or restrictions which 'inay result from these treaties 
for the countries concerned. 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention, those italicized having also ratified the protocol of 1914 : Australia, 
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark (with Faroe Islands), Finland, 
France (with Algeria and colonies), Germany, Great Britain (with colonies 
and possessions, and certain protectorate countries), Greece, Haiti. India, 
Italy, Japan, Liberia, Liwemburg, i/o;i«co, Morocco (French protectorate ter- 
ritory), Netherlands (with Dutch East Indies, Curacao, and Surinam), New 
Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal (with colonies), South Africa, Spain 
(with colonies). Sweden, Switzerland, and Tunis. (L. N. T. S., 1:248.) 
Other States may accede on request. (Art. 25-26.) 

TEXT: (1) Convention of 9 Sept., 1886— French text and German transl.. 
Martens 62:173-92; French, B. F. S. P. 77:22-34; English (transl.), Hertslet 
17 : 569-78. 

(2) Additional act of 4 May, 1896 — French text and German transl.. Martens 
74: 758-68; French, B. F. S. P. 88 : 36-42 ; English (transl.), Hertslet 20: 623-7. 

(3) Convention of 13 Nov., 1908— French text and English transl., L. N. T. S. 
1 : 217-42 ; French, B. F. S. P. 102 : 619-35. 

(4) Additional protocol of 20 Mar., 1914 — French text and English transl., 
L. N. T. S. 1 : 243-8 ; French, B. F. S. P. 107 : 353-6. 

{a) The contracting States are constituted a union for protection 
of the rights of authors over their literary and artistic works. (Conv. 
13 Nov., 1908, Art. 1.) 

{h) Literary and artistic works are defined as including " any pro- 
duction in the literary, scientific, or artistic domain, whatever the 
mode or form of its reproduction, such as books, pamphlets, and 
other writings ; dramatic or dramatico-muscial works, choreographic 
works and entertainments in dumb show, the acting form of which 
is fixed in writing or otherwise ; musical compositions with or without 
words* works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engrav- 
ing, and lithography; illustrations and geographical charts; plans, 
sketches, and plastic works relative to geography, topography, archi- 
tecture or science." 

Translations, adaptations, arrangements of music and other re- 
productions in an altered form of a literary or artistic work, as well 
as collections of different works, shall be protected as original works 
without prejudice to the rights of the author of the original work. 

Works of art applied to industrial purposes shall be protected so 
far as the domestic legislation of each country allows. (Ibid., Art. 2.) 

{c) Authors who are subjects or citizens of any of the countries 
of the Copyright Union shall enjoy in all the other countries of the 
union the same rights for their works, whether unpublished or first 
published in a country of the union, which the respective laws grant 
to natives, as well as the rights specially granted by this convention. 
(Ibid., Arts. 4,5.) 

" Not yet ratified. 



814 HANDBOOK OF COMMEKCIAL TREATIES. 

{d) Authors who are not subjects or citizens of one of the coun- 
tries of the union, who first publish their works in one of those coun- 
tries, shall enjoy in that country the same rights as native authors, 
and in the other countries of the union the rights granted by this 
convention (Art. 6), so far as these rights are consistent with their 
domestic laws (Art. 7). 

{e) Authors of unpublished works, being subjects of one of the 
countries of the union, and authors of works first published in one 
of those countries, shall enjoy in the other countries of the union^ 
during the whole term of the right in the original work, the exclu- 
sive right of making or authorizing a translation of their works. 
(Art. 8.) 

(/) Serial stories, tales, and all other works, whether literary, sci- 
entific, or artistic, whatever their object published in newspapers or 
periodicals of a country of the union may not be reproduced in the 
other countries without consent of the authors. Newspaper articles 
(except serial stories and tales) may be reproduced by another news- 
paper, unless reproduction thereof is expressly forbidden; but the 
source must be indicated. (Art. 9.) 

{g) Unlawful reproductions to w^hich this convention specially 
applies include unauthorized indirect appropriations of a literary 
or artistic work (such as adaptations, musical arrangements, trans- 
formations of novel, tale, or poem into drama, or vice versa), 
which are onl}^ reproductions of that work in different form, with 
unessential alterations, additions, or abridgements, and which do not 
present the character of a new original work. (Art. 12.) 

(A) Authors of literary, scientific, or artistic works have the ex- 
clusive right of authorizing reproduction and public representa- 
tion of their work by cinematography or by any other analogous 
process. Cinematograph productions or reproductions are protected 
as literary or artistic works if by arrangement of the acting form 
or by combinations of incidents the author has given the work a per- 
sonal and original character. (Art. 14.) 

(i) Detailed provisions concerning institution of proceedings 
against pirates and seizure of pirated works. (Arts. 15, 16.) 

(j) Works which through expiration of term of protection have 
fallen into the public domain of the country where protection is 
claimed shall not be protected anew in that country. (Art. 18.) 

{h) This convention does not affect the legislation of countries of 
the union as regards liberty of extracting portions from literary or 
artistic works for use in publications destined for educational pur- 
poses, or having a scientific character, or for chrestomathies. (Art. 
10.) 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 815 

(/) This convention can not derogate from the right of any coun- 
try of the union to permit, control, or prohibit by domestic legisla- 
tion or police the circulation, representation, or exhibition of any 
works or productions in regard to which the competent authority 
may find it necessary to exercise that right. (Art. IT.) 

(?7i) This convention shall not prevent claims being made for 
application of any wider provisions which may be made by legisla- 
tion of a country of the union in favor of foreigners in general. 
(Art. 19.) 

(n) Countries of the union may enter into special arrangements 
with each other conferring upon authors other or more extended 
rights consistent with this convention, and any existing arrange- 
ments of this character remain applicable. (Art. 20.) 

(o) This convention applies to photographic and other works 
produced by analogous processes (Art. 3) ; also to public representa- 
tion of dramatic or dramatico-musical works, and to public per- 
formance of musical works and translations thereof. (Arts. 11 and 

(p) The term of protection granted by this convention includes 
the life of the author, and fifty years after his death (unless other- 
wise regulated by the law of the country where protection is 
claimed), but must in no case exceed the term fixed in the country 
of origin of the work. (Arts. 7 and 30.) 

(q) In case a foreign country (not a member of the Copyright 
Union) fails to protect sufficiently the works of authors belonging 
to member countries, nothing in this convention shall be deemed to 
limit in any way the right of any member country, or of its overseas 
possessions, to restrict the protection of works whose authors are 
at the time of the first publication of such works subjects or citizens 
of said foreign country and are not effectively domiciled in one of 
the member States. (Addl. protocol of 1914, sees. 1, 2.) 

(r) The Office of the International Union for the Protection of 
Literary and Artistic Works is established under authority of the 
Swiss Government, which regulates its organization and supervises 
its working. The official language of the office is French. (Art. 21.) 
Duties of the international office include collection of every kind of 
information relating to protection of rights of authors over theit* 
literary and artistic works and publication of a periodical (Le droit 
d'auteur) on questions concerning the objects of the union. (Art. 
22.) Exj^enses of the international office (which has been united 
with the Bureau of Industrial Property under Control of the Swiss 
Department of Foreign Affairs) are borne by the contracting States 
upon a basis of unit ratios described in detail. (Art. 23.) 



816 HANDBOOK OF COMMEKCIAL TREATIES. 

No. 48 7. 

Convention regarding international circulation of autornohiles. 

SIGNED ■>! Oct., 1909, at Paris. Effective from 1 May. 1910, for indefinite 
term (Art. 13), but any State may withdraw on 12 months" notice (Art. 14). 
Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria 
(Art. 162), Germany (Art. 382), and Tarkev '' (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Algeria, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia. Denmark, Fin- 
land, France, Germany, Great Britain (with specified colonies), Greece, 
Hungary, India, Italy. Luxemburg, Monaco, Montenegro. Netherlands (with 
Dutch East Indies). Poland, Portugal. Rurjania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switz- 
erland, and Tunis. 

TEXT : French text and German transl.. Martens 88 : 834-49 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 102: 64-71; English (transl.), A. J. I. L. Supp., 4 : 316-28. 

{a) Statement of conditions which motor vehicles must fulfill in 
order ta be admitted to circulate on public highways. (Art. 1.) 

{!)) Statement of qualifications of conductors of motor vehicles. 
(Art. 2.) 

{c) Provisions regarding issuance and recognition of international 
certificates, which must conform to specified models and certify to 
the fitness of motor vehicles and their conductors. (Art. 3 and An- 
nexes A and B.) 

{d) Distinctive letters and numbers must be attached to motor 
vehicles to indicate their nationality, in accordance with specified 
models. (Art. 4 and Annex C.) 

{e) Provisions regarding signals of approach of motor vehicles 
(lights, lanterns, and horns or trumpets). (Art. 5.) 

(/) Standardized danger signals to be erected on public highways 
conformably to specified model. (Art. 8 and Annex D.) 

{g) Provisions applying to motor cycles (art. 6) ; meeting and 
passing of motor vehicles (Art. 7), and observance of local law^s and 
regulations by conductors of motor vehicles (Art. 9). 

No. 488. 

Agreement for the repressio7i of ohscene puhlications. 

SIGNED 4 May, 1910, at Paris. Effective from 15 Sept., 1911, for an 
indefinite period, but any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. V.) 
Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria 
(Art. 162), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Germany (Art. 282), Hungary (Art. 217), 
Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey'' (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czechoslovakia, 
Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain (and long list of specified colonies), 
Hungary, India, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, 
Portugal, Russia, South African Union, Spain, and Switzerland. 

Other States may adhere at their request (Art. IV), and provision is made 
for separate accession or withdrawal of colonies, possessions, etc. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT: French text and German transl.. Martens 92:266-72; French, B. F. 
S. P. 103:251-5; English (transl.), United States Tr. 111:133-6. 

^8 Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 817 

Each of the contracting powers undertakes to establish or desig- 
nate an authority charged with the duty of : 

(a) Centralizing all information which maj^ facilitate the tracing 
and repressing of acts of an international character infringing laws 
of the contracting States in respect to obscene writing, drawings, 
pictures, or other articles. 

(h) Supplying all information tending to check importation of 
such publications or articles and to ensure or expedite seizure thereof. 

((?) Communicating the laws enacted in the respective States in 
regard to the objects of this agreement. (Art. I.) 

(d) Communicating to the similar authorities of the other con- 
tracting States (so far as permitted by municipal law) bulletins 
of sentences passed for offenses against the objects of this agree- 
ment. (Art. III.) 

No. 489. 

Conventions for suppression of the ivhite-slave traific. 

SIGNED at Paris. 18 May. 1904, and 4 May. 1910. respectively. Deration in- 
definite, bnt any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Conv. 1910, Art. X.) 
Both conventions were confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Aus- 
tria (Art. 234), Bulgaria (Art .167). Czechoslovakia (Art 20). Germany (Art. 
282), Hungary (Art. 217). Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey" (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. Of the following countries those italicized are 
parties to both these conventions, the others being bound only by that of 1904: 
United States, Australia. Austria. Belgium. Brazil, Bulgaria. Canada. Czeclio- 
slovakia, Denmark (with Danish Antilles), France. Oermany. Great Britain 
(with long list of specified colonies^"), Hungary, Iceland, India, Italy, Luxem- 
burg, 'Netherlands (.with Dutch East Indies"), New Zealand, Newfoundland, Nor- 
way, Poland, Portugal. Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and 
Uruguay. (L. N. T. S.. 1:91-4: B. F. S. P. 103:250:107:532.) Other 
States may adhere on request. (Art. 7.) Adherence to convention of 1910 
is deemed to include adherence to the agreement of 1904, unless otherwise 
expressly notified. (Art. VIII.) Provision is made for separate accession or 
withdravv^al of colonies, possessions, etc. (Art XI.) 

TEXT: (1) Agreement of 1904.— French text and English transl., L. N. T. S., 
1:84-94: French text and German transl., Martens 82:160-9: French, B. F. 
S. P. 97:95-101; English (transl.). United States Tr. 11:2131-5. 

(2) Convention of 1910— French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 244-51. 

(a) Each contracting power undertakes to establish or designate 
an authority charged with the duty of centralizing all information 
regarding procuration of women and girls for debauchery in a for- 
eign country, such authority to have the right to correspond directly 
with the similar service established in each of the contracting States. 
(Agrt. 1904, Art. 1.) 

(h) Each contracting State undertakes to exercise supervision 
over the bureaus or agencies which occupy themselves with finding 
places for women or girls in foreign countries, and to find out the 
conductors of women or girls intended for debauchery ; the presum- 

10 Not yet ratified. 

20 Most of these are bound by the agreement of 1904, some with reservations. See 
L. N. T. S. 1 : 91-4. 



818 HANDBOOK OE COMMEKCIAL TREATIES. 

able authors, accomplices, or victims of such traffic shall be notified 
to authorities named. (Ibid., Art. 2.) 

(c) Victims of this criminal traffic who are without resources shall 
be temporarily confided to charitable institutions or trustworthy in- 
dividuals, pending return to their country of origin. (Ibid., Arts. 
3-5.) 

(d) Provisions regarding punishment for procuration of women 
or girls under 20, even with their consent (Conv. 1910, Art. I), and 
for procuration of older women or girls by fraud, force, threat, or 
other means of constraint (Ibid., Art. II). 

(e) The contracting States whose existing laws are inadequate to 
suppress this immoral traffic undertake to submit the necessary meas- 
ures to their legislatures for enactment (Ibid., Art. Ill), and to com- 
municate to each other their laws dealing with objects of this con- 
vention. (Ibid., Art. IV.) 

(/) Provision to include white-slave traffic with the crimes and 
offenses for which extradition is granted under existing treaties be- 
tween the contracting States and statement of procedure relating 
thereto. (Ibid., Arts. V, VI.) 

(g) Each contracting State undertakes to communicate to the 
others bulletins of the sentences passed within its jurisdiction for 
oifenses against the objects of this convention. (Ibid., Art. VII.) 

No. 490. 

'Convention concerning literary and artistic co'pyrigJit {Inter-Amer- 
ican) . 

SIGNED '' 11 Aug., 1910, at Buenos Aires. Effective for indefinite term, but 
any State may withdraw after 12 months' notice. (Art. 15.) 

CONTRAQTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica. Dominican Republic, Ecua- 
dor, Guatemala. Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and 
Uruguay. 

TEXT: English, Frencli. Spanish, and Portuguese, U. S. T. S. No. 593; Eng- 
lish, United States Tr. Ill : 349-53. 

{a) Literary and artistic works are defined as including "books, 
writings, pamphlets of all kinds, whatever may be the subject of 
which they treat, and whatever the number of their pages ; dramatic 
or dramatico-musical works; choreographic and musical composi- 
tions, with or without words ; drawings, paintings, sculpture, engrav- 
ings; photographic works; astronomical or geographical globes, 
plans, sketches, or plastic works relating to geography, geology, or 
topography, architecture, or any other science ; and, finally, all pro- 
ductions that can be published by any means of impression or repro- 
duction." (Art. 2.) 

21 Signed but not ratified by Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Salvador, and 
Venezuela. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIQNS. 819 

(b) Acknowledgment of a copyright obtained in one State, in con- 
formit}^ with its laws, shall produce its effects of full right, in all the 
other States, without the necessity of complying with any other 
formality, provided always there shall appear in the work a state- 
ment that indicates the reservation of the property right. (Art. 3.) 

(c) Every publication infringing a copyright may be confiscated in 
the signatory country in which the original work had the right to be 
legally protected, without prejudice to the indemnities or penalties 
which the counterfeiters may have incurred according to the laws of 
the country in which the fraud may have been committed. (Art. 14.) 

(d) Detailed provisions relating to rights and powers conferred by 
copyrights (Arts. 4^6) ; term of duration of copyrights in the differ- 
ent signatory countries (Arts. 6, 7) ; copyrights of translations (Art. 
9), and of articles published in periodicals (Arts. 10, 11) ; permissible 
reproduction of extracts from publications for purposes named (Art. 
12) ; and reproductions declared illicit (Art. 13). 

No. 491. 

Convention concerning protection of trade-marhs {I nter- American) . 

SIGNED " 20 Aug., 1910, at Buenos Aires. Effective for indefinite term, but 
any State may withdraw after 12 months' notice. (Art. XIX.) As regards 
the relations between the contracting States, this convention supersedes any 
treaties on trade-m.arks previously concluded by and between them. (Art, 
XVIL) 

CONTRACTING STATES.'' The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, 
Ecuador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Paraguay, Peru, 
and Uruguay. 

TEXT : English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese, U. S. T. S. No. 626 ; Eng- 
lish, United States Tr. Ill : 354-61. 

(a) The object of this convention is the protection of trade-marks 
and commercial names. (Art. I.) Any mark duly registered in one 
of the signatory States shall be considered as registered also in the 
others, without prejudice to the rights of third persons and to pro- 
visions of the laws of each State governing the same. Payment of 
$50 gold is required of manufacturers or merchants for registration 
of trade-marks, in addition to the fees or charges fixed by the laws 
of the State in which application for registration is first made ; this 
charge to cover all expenses of both bureaus (described below under 
g to j) for the international registration of trade-marks in all the 
signatory States. (Art. II.) 

(h) Deposit of a trade-mark in one of the signatory States pro- 
duces in favor of the depositor a right of priority for a period of six 
months, so as to enable him to make the deposit in the other States. 
(Art. III.) 

32 Signed but not ratified by Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Mexico, Salvador, and Venezuela. 
54083—22 53 



820 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

(c) "Trade-mark" is any sign, emblem, or special name used by 
merchants or manufacturers to distinguish their respective goods or 
products. (Art. IV.) The following can not be adopted or used as 
trade-marks: "National, provincial, or municipal flags, or coats-of- 
arms; immoral or scandalous figures; distinctive marks which may 
have been obtained by others, or which may give rise to confusion 
with other marks; the general classification of articles; pictures or 
names of persons without their permission; and any design which 
may have been adopted as an emblem by any fraternal or humani- 
tarian association." These provisions to be consti*ued without preju- 
dice to the particular provisions of the laws of each State. (Art. V.) 

(d) Falsification, imitation, or unauthorized use of trade-marks, 
also false representations regarding origin of a product, shall be 
prosecuted in accordance with laws of the State wherein the offense 
is commited. (Art. VIII.) 

(e) Conditions and proofs upon which tne registration of a trade- 
mark may be annulled in any of the contracting States. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Commercial names are protected in all the States of the Union, 
without deposit or registration, whether part of a trade-mark or 
not. (Art. X.) 

(g) For purposes of this convention a Union of American Nations 
is constituted, which shall act through two international bureaus, 
to be established at Habana and Rio de Janeiro, after ratification of 
this convention by at least two-thirds of the nations belonging to 
each group. (Arts. XI, XVI.) 

(h) Duties of the two international bureaus are specified in detail. 
The representative Governments shall send to these international 
American bureaus their official publications announcing registration 
of trade-marks and commercial names, and grants of patents or privi- 
leges, also judgments of the courts concerning invalidity of trade- 
marks and patents. (Art. XII.) 

(^) The bureau established in Habana has charge of the registra- 
tion of trade-marks coming from the United States, Mexico, Cuba, 
Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, 
Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Panama. The bureau to be established at 
Rio de Janeiro shall have charge of the registration of trade-marks 
coming from Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Chile, 
Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Colombia. (Art. XIII.) 

(j) Provisions relating to books, accounts, and rules of procedure. 
The two bureaus are to be considered as one and to be governed by 
identical regulations framed with the concurrence of the Governments 
of Cuba and Brazil, and approved by all the other signatory States. 
(Arts. XIV, XV.) 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 821 

llie budgets of these bureaus, after being sanctioned by the Govern- 
ments of Cuba and Brazil, are to be defrayed by all signatory States 
ii) the proportion established for the support of the Pan American 
Union at Washington. (Art. XV.) 

No. 492. 

V onventimi for protection of inventiom, patents, designs, and indus- 
trial models {Inter- American)' . '"^^ ■*/';^ ''' 

SIGNED ^^ 20 Aug., 1910, at Buenos Aires. Supersedes previous treaties on the 
same subjects concluded between the contracting parties. (Art. XI.) Adliesioii 
of American nations to this convention must be communicated to tlie Govern- 
ment of Argentina. (Art. XII.) Any State may withdraw after 12 months' 
notice. (Art. XIII.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. Thefollowing countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, 
Ecuador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, and 
Uruguay. 

TEXT: English, French. Spanish, and Portuguese, U. S. T. S. No. 595; Eng- 
iiSh^B. F. S. P. 106:834-8; United States Tr. 111:362-6. 

'\,'.{(i) Any person obtaining a patent of invention in any of the signa- 
tory States shall enjoy in each of the other States all the advantages 
which the laws relative to patents of invention, designs, and industrial 
models concede. Consequent]}^, they have the right to the same pro- 
tection and the identical legal remedies against any attack upon their 
rights. (Art. II.) 

(b) Any person who has regularly deposited an application for a 
patent of invention, or design, or industrial model in one of the con- 
tracting States shall enjoy, for the purpose of making the deposit in 
the other States (without prejudice to rights of third parties) a right 
of priority during a period of twelve months for patents of invention, 
and of four months for designs or industrial models. (Art. III.) 

{c) "The following shall be considered as inventions: A new 
manner of manufacturing industrial products; a new machine or 
mechanical or manual apparatus which serves for the manufacture 
of said products; the discovery of a new industrial product; the 
application of known methods for the purpose of securing better 
results; and every new, original, and ornamental design or model for 
an article of manufacture. The foregoing shall be understood with- 
out prejudice to the laws of each State." (Art. VI.) 

{d) Any of the contracting States may refuse to recognize patents 
if the inventions or disco veries^ — 
^j(l) Have been previously published in any country. 

(2) Have been registered, published, or described in any country 
more than one year prior to date of application in the country where 
the patent is sought. 

23 Signed but not ratified by Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Salvador, and 
Venezuela. 



822 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

(3) Have been in public use, or on sale, in the country where the 
patent has been applied for, one year prior to date of said appli- 
cation. 

(4) Are in some manner contrary to morals or laws. (Art. VII, 
Or-d.) 

{e) Injuries or damage to rights of inventors shall be prosecuted 
and punished in accordance with the laws of the countries wherein 
the offense is committed, or the damage occasioned. (Art. IX.) 

(/) Copies of patents certified in the country of origin, according 
to the nation-al law thereof, shall be given full faith and credit as 
evidence of a right of priority (Art. X), except as noted above 
under d. 

No. 493. 

Convention for unification of certain rules of law respecting assist- 
ance and salvage at sea. 

SIGNED 23 Sept., 1910, at Brussels. Ratifications deposited there 1 Feb., 
1913. Effective from 1 Mar., 1913, for indefinite term; but parties may with- 
draw on 12 months' notice, and may call a conference with a view to amend- 
ments after 1 Mar., 1916. (Art. 16.) Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 
1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria (Art. 167), Germany (Art. 282), 
Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey'* (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, 
Germany, Great Britain (and long list of specified colonies, possessions, etc.), 
Greece, Italy (with Eritrea and Somaliland), Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, New- 
foundland, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Sweden, and 
Uruguay. Other States may adhere on request. (Art. 17.) 

TEXT : French text and German transl., Martens 92 : 711-56 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 103:441-55; English (transl.). United States Tr. 111:137-50; French and 
English, G. B. T. S. 1913, No. 4, Cd. 6677. 

(a) The provisions of this convention apply alike to seagoing ves- 
sels and to vessels of internal navigation, in whatever waters the 
services may have been rendered (Art. 1) ; and shall be applied as 
regards all persons interested when either the assisting or the assisted 
vessel belongs to one of the contracting States, and in any other 
cases for which the national laws provide, subject to qualifications 
stated; but where all persons interested belong to the same State as 
the court trying the case, the provisions of the national law, and 
not of this convention, are applicable (Art. 15.) 

(h) Every act of assistance or salvage which has had a useful 
result gives a right to equitable remuneration, but in no case shall 
the sum to be paid exceed the value of the property salved. (Art. 2.) 

{c) Persons taking part in salvage operations, notwithstanding 
the express and reasonable prohibition on the part of the vessel to 
which services were rendered, have no right to any remuneration. 
(Art. 3.) 

{d) A. tug has no right to remuneration for assistance to or 
salvage of the vessel she is towing, except where she has rendered 
exceptional services not required by the contract of towage. (Art. 4.) 

2* Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 823 

(e) Remuneration for assistance or salvage is fixed by agreement 
between the parties or by the court, which may modify agreements 
made under conditions stated. (Arts. 6-8.) 

(/) No remuneration is due from persons whose lives are saved 
unless otherwise provided b}^ the national laws. (Art. 9.) 
^' (g) A salvage action is barred after two years, subject to excep- 
tions stated. (Art. 10.) 

(A) Duty of masters to give assistance to everybody found at sea 
in danger of being lost, even though an enem}^ (Art. 11.) 

(^) The contracting States agree to communicate to one another 
their laws and regulations to give effect to provisions of this con- 
vention. (Art. 12.) 

(j) Exceptions. This convention does not affect: 

(1) Provisions of national laws or international treaties regard- 
ing organization of services of assistance and salvage by or under 
control of public authorities, nor such laws or treaties concerning 
salvage of fishing gear. (Art. 13.) 

(2) Ships of war, nor government ships appropriated exclusively 
to a public service. (Art. 14.) 

No. 494. 

Convention for unification of certain rules of law respecting colli- 
sions Ijetween vessels, 

SIGNED 23 Sept., 1910, at Brussels. Ratifications deposited 1 Feb., 1913. 
Effective from 1 Mar., 1913 (Art. 16 and addl. article), for an indefinite term; 
but any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice (Art. 17), or may call a 
conference with a view to amendments at any time after 1 Mar., 1916 (Art. 
14). Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), 
Bulgaria (Art. 167), Germany (Art. 282), Hungary (Art. 217), and Turkey'' 
(Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Great 
Britain (with long list of specified colonies, possessions, etc.), Greece, India, 
Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Newfoundland, New Zealand, Nicaragua, 
Norway, Portugal, Rumania. Russia, Sweden, and Uruguay. Other States may 
adhere on request. (Art. 15.) 

TEXT: French text and English transl., G. B. T. S. 1913, No. 4, Cd. 6677; 
French text and German tran?.l., Martens 92 : 711-27 ; French, B. F. S. P. 103 : 
434-41, 449-53. 

I. Compensation for damages. — Compensation for damages to 
vessels, or to any persons or things on board, is regulated by the 
following provisions, in whatever waters the collision may occur : 

{a) If the collision between vessels is accidental or caused by force 
majeure^ or its cause is in doubt, the damages are borne by those who 
have suffered them. This provision applies notwithstanding that any 
of the vessels are anchored or otherwise made fast at time of casualty. 
(Art. 2.) 

2B Not yet ratified. 



824 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

(h) If the collision is caused by fault of one of the vessels that 
vessel is liable for damages. (Art. 3.) 

(c) If two or more vessels are in fault the liability of each, even 
to third parties, is in proportion to the degree of its fault as regards 
damages to vessels or their cargoes or to property of crews, passen- 
gers, or other persons on board. But in respect of damages caused 
by death or personal injuries, the vessels in fault are jointly and 
severally liable to third parties. In such case, however, a vessel 
which has paid more than its share is entitled to contribution from 
other vessels in fault, in accordance with the law of each country. 
(Art. 4.) 

(d) The aforementioned liability for damages attaches in case of 
collisions through fault of a pilot, even when he is carried by com- 
pulsion of law. (Art. 5.) This provision is subject to an agreement 
being reached regarding limitations of liability of shipowners. 
(Addl. art.) 

(e) The right of action for damages is not conditional on entering 
of protest or fulfillment of any other special formality. All legal 
presumptions of fault regarding liability for collision are abolished. 
(Art. 6.) 

(/) Actions for damages are barred after two years from date of 
casualty, subject to exceptions stated. (Art. T.) 

(g) This convention extends to making good of damages caused 
to vessels, or to goods or persons on board, by execution or nonexecu- 
tion of a maneuver or by nonobservance of the regulations, even if 
no collision had actually taken place. (Art. 13.) 

II. Duty of masters. — After a collision, the master of a colliding 
vessel must, so far as possible, help the damaged vessel and her crew 
and passengers and must name his vessel and its home port and the 
ports between which he is sailing. (Art. 8.) The contracting States 
agree to communicate to each other their laws and regulations en- 
acted or proposed to give effect to this undertaking. (Art. 9.) 

III. Reservations and exceptions. 

(a) Without prejudice to any future conventions, this convention 
does not affect in any way the law in force in each country regarding 
limitation of shipowners' liability nor the legal obligation arising 
from contracts of carriage or from any other contracts. (Art. 10.) 

(h) Where all persons interested belong to the same State as the 
court trying the case the provisions of the national law and not of 
this convention are applicable. (Art. 12.) 

(c) As regards persons interested who belong to a noncontracting 
State, the application of this convention may be made by each con- 
tracting State conditional upon reciprocity. (Art. 12.) 

(d) This convention does not apply to ships of war or to govern- 
ment ships appropriated exclusively to a public service. (Art. 11.) 



MULTILATEEAL CONVENTIONS. 825 

No. 495. 

Convention for the protection of industrial property. "^^ 

SIGNED 2 June, 1911, at Washington. p]ffective from 1 May, 1913, for an 
indefinite term; but any State may witlidraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 17^.) 
In the relations of tlie countries which are parties thereto this convention re- 
places that of 20 IMar., T883. the protocol of 15 Apr., 1891, and the additional 
act of 14 Dec, 1900. But these acts remain binding on the parties thereto 
which have not ratified the convention of 1911. (Art. 18.) Both the convention 
of 1883 and that of 1911 were confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with 
Austria (Art. 237), Bulgaria (Art. 166), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Germany 
(Art. 286), Hungary (Art. 220), Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey'' (Art. 272). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to the conven- 
tion of 1911 : United States, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Ceylon, Czecho- 
slovakia. Denmark (including Faroe Islands) Dominican Republic, France, 
Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Morocco (French 
protectorate territory), Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, 
Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Spain. Sweden, Switzerland, Tobago, Trini- 
dad, and Tunis. Other States may adhere (m request (Art. 16), and provision 
is made for separate adherence or withdrawal of colonies, possessions, etc. 
(Art. 16*.) For parties to the earlier conventions, see P. I. 31 Jan., 1921. 

TEXT: (1) Convention of 20 Mar, 1883, and act of 14 Dec, 190O, additional 
thereto — French text and German transL, Martens 80 : 449-63 ; 465-74 ; French, 
B. F. S. P. 74:44-51; 92:807-14; English (transL), Conv. of 1883, United 
States Tr. II: 1935-49. 

(2) Agreement of 14 Apr., 1891, concerning international registration of 
trade-marks, and act of 14 Dec, 1900, additional thereto — French text and 
German transL, Martens 68 : 842-7 ; 80 : 475-7 ; French, B. F. S. P. 96 : 839-^3 ; 
848-52 ; R. G. P. I. VII : 679-87. See also P. I. 31 Jan., 1921. 

(3) Protocol of 15 Apr., 1891 — French text and German transl., Martens 
80 : 463-4 ; French, Martens 72 : 216-17 ; B. F. S. P. 83 : 676-7 ; 96 : 843-8. 

(4) Convention of 2 June, 1911— French text and English transl., U. S. T. S. 
No. 579; French text and German transl.. Martens 93:760-85; French, B. F. 
S. P. 104: 116-30; Hertslet 27: 289-304; English (transl.), U. S. Tr. Ill : 367-79. 

{a) By this convention the participating States constitute them- 
selves a union for the protection of industrial property, such as pat- 
ents of invention, industrial models or designs, and trade or com- 
mercial marks. (Conv. 1911, Art. 1.) Provision is made for the 
establishment of an international bureau, which is placed under the 
supervision of the Government of Switzerland. Expenses of the 
bureau are limited to 60,000 francs a year and are borne by the con- 
tracting countries in specified proportions. (Art. 13.) 

{h) National treatment is reciprocally pledged to citizens of the 
contracting States in all countries of the union, as regards any ad- 
vantages granted by law in each member country to its own citizens, 
with regard to patents of invention, models of utility, industrial de- 

=^« An agreement respecting preservation or reestablishment of the rights of industrial 
property affected by the World War was signed 30 June, 1920, and came into force 30 
Sept., 1920. The following States are parties to this agreement : Austria, Belgium, Brazil, 
Ceylon, Czechoslovakia, Fraxice, Germany, Great Britain (with a reservation), Greece, 
Hungary, Italy, Japan, Morocco (French protectorate territory), Norway, Poland, Serb- 
Croat-Slovene State, Spain, Sweden (with reservations), Switzerland, Trinidad, and 
Tunis. (L. N. T. S., 1:302-5.) Other countries may accede on request. (Art. 5.) 
This agreement contains provisions regarding extensions of time allowed by the in- 
dustrial property convention for use or exploitation of trade-marks, drawings, models, 
etc. (Arts. 1-3) ; but these provisions in no way affect stipulations agreed to by bel- 
ligerent countries in the treaties of peace with Germany and with Austria (Art. 5). 
(English and French, L. N. T. S., 1:61-5.) 

27 Not yet ratified. 



826 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

signs or models, trade-marks, trade names, statements of place of 
origin, and suppression of unfair competition. Consequently, citi- 
zens of the contracting States have the same protection in other 
countries of the union and the same legal remedies against any in- 
fringements of their rights as the citizens of the country concerned, 
provided they comply with the formalities and requirements im- 
posed by the national laws of each State upon its own citizens. No 
obligation of domicile or of establishment in the country where the 
protection is claimed shall be imposed on the members of the union. 
(Art. 2.) 

(c) Subjects or citizens of countries which do not form part of 
the union, who are domiciled or own effective and bona fide in- 
dustrial or commercial establishments in the territory of any of 
the countries of the union, are assimilated to the subjects or citizens 
of the contracting countries. (Art. 3.)* 

(^d) Applications for patents, designs, models, or trade-marks 
filed in any country of the union secure for the applicants, their 
successors or assignees, a right of priority for the purpose of filing 
such applications in the other countries of the union (subject to 
rights of third parties). These periods of priority are 12 months 
for patents and models of utility, and 4 months for industrial de- 
signs and models and for trade-marks. Procedure stated in detail. 
(Art. 4.) 

(e) Patents applied for in the different contracting countries 
shall be independent of the patents obtained for the same invention 
in the other countries adherent or not to the union. Provision ex- 
plained in detail. (Art. 4^.) 

(/) Provisions concerning importation by patentee of articles 
produced in other countries of the union, and concerning the work- 
ing of patents. (Art. 5.) 

(^) Detailed provisions concerning registration of trade-marks. 
(Arts. 6, 7^.) 

(h) Trade names to be protected in all countries of the union 
without the obligation of filing, whether part of a trade-mark or 
not. (Art. 8.) 

(i) Seizure and other penalties for importing unlawfully marked 
goods. (Arts. 9, 10.) 

(j) The contracting countries agree to assure to the members of 
the imion effective protection against unfair competition. (Art. 
lOi) 

(k) Temporary protection is accorded to patentable inventions, 
models, designs, or trade-marks for products exhibited at interna- 
tional expositions in member countries. (Art. 11.) 

(I) Each of the contracting countries undertakes to establish a 
special service for industrial property, and a central office for com- 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 827 

munication to the public of patents, working models, industrial 
models, or designs, and traHe-marks. (Art. 12.) 

(m) The contracting countries reserve the right to make sepa- 
rately, between themselves, special arrangements for the protection 
of industrial property, so far as such arrangements do not interfere 
with provisions of the present convention. (Art. 15.) 

(71) For the purpose of this union, the words " indnstrial prop- 
erty " are to be taken in the broadest sense, including the products of 
agricultural industries, and extracts. (Final protocol, Art. I.) 

No. 496. 

Ag7'eement for prevention of false declaration of origin on goods. 

SIGNED 2 June, 1911, at Washington. Effective from 1 May, 1913, for 
indefinite term, but any State may witlidraw on 12 months' notice. (Arc 6.) 
Replaces the agreement signed at Madrid 14 Apr., 1891.^^ (Preamble.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this agree- 
ment : Brazil, Czechoslovakia, France (with Morocco and Tunis), Great 
Britain (with New Zealand, Ceylon, Trinidad, and Tobago), Portugal, Spain, 
and Switzerland. 

States which are parties to the Industrial Property Union may accede to this 
agreement on request. (Art. 5.) 

TEXT: French text and English transl., G. B. T. S., 1913, No. 7, Cd. 6804; 
French text and German transl., Martens 94 : 801-4 ; French, Hertslet 27 : 
30&-8 ; B. F. S. P. 104 : 137-9. 

^^ (a) Provision is made for seizure in any of the contracting coun- 
tries, at request of any competent authority or interested party (Art. 
2), of all goods bearing false indications of origin, purporting or 
implying that the goods in question originated in one of the con- 
tracting countries. In case the laws of any country do not permit 
seizure of the goods, nor prohibition of their importation, these 
measures shall be replaced by whatever acts or means of protection 
the laws of such country assure in like case to its own nationals. 
(Art. 1.) 

(6) The tribunals of each country shall decide what appellations 
or designations, on account of their generic character, do not fall 
within the provisions of this agreement; except as regards regional 
appellations concerning the origin of products of the vine. (Art 4.) 

(c) Vendors may place their name and address on goods coming 
from other countries, but in such case it must be accompanied by a 
clear indication in legible characters of the country or place of pro- 
duction or manufacture. (Art. 3.) 

No. 497. 

Convention for preservation and protection of fur seals. 

SIGNED 7 July, 1911, at Washington. Ratifications exchanged there 12 
Dec, 1911. Effective from 15 Dec., 1911, for 15 years, and thereafter until 
terminated by 12 months' notice given by one or more of the parties to all the 
others. Subject to extension and modification upon request of any of the parties' 



» French, B. F. S. P. 96 : 837-8. 



828 HANDBOOK OF COMMEKCIAL TREATIES. 

in the manner stated. (Ait. XVI.) This convention supersedes the fur seals 
treaty of 7 Feb., 1911, between the United Sifetes and Great Britain (United 
Statesi Tr. 111:56-9), so far as inconsistent therewith, or in duplication 
thereof. (Art. XV.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Great Britain, Russia, and Japan. 

TEXT : English, United States Tr. Ill : 99-105 ; Martens 90 : 720-7. 

(a) Subject to the exception noted below under (c), the contract- 
ing parties agree : 

1. That all persons subject to their laws and treaties, and their ves- 
sels, shall be prohibited from engaging in pelagic sealing in the 
north Pacific Ocean within the protected area specified (Arts. I and 
VTII) ; pelagic sealing being defined as " the killing, capturing, or 
pursuing in any manner w^hatsoever of fur seals at sea." (Art. IX.) 

2. That no person or vessel shall be permitted to use any port, 
harbor, or territory of a contracting party for any purpose connected, 
with pelagic sealing within the protected area. (Art. II.) 

3. That no seal skins taken within the protected area, nor any 
seal skins of the kinds specified, shall be permitted to be brought 
into the territory of any contracting party, except when officially 
marked or certified as having been taken under the authority of the 
respective powers. (Art. III.) 

4. Not to permit their subjects or vessels to kill, capture, or pursue 
sea otters beyond 3 miles from the shore line of their respective ter- 
ritories in any part of the protected waters specified. (Art. V.) 

(h) Extensive and detailed provisions regarding distribution of 
seal skins, or proceeds thereof, among the contracting parties. (Arts. 
X-XIV.) 

(c) The provisions of this convention do not apply to Indians, 
Ainos, Aleuts, or other aborigines dwelling on the coast of the pro- 
tected waters, who carry on pelagic sealing in canoes in the manner 
specified; provided such aborigines are not in the employment of 
other persons, or under contract to deliver the skins to any person. 
(Art. IV.) 

No. 498. 

International sanitary convention. 

SIGNED 17 Jan., 1912, at Paris. Ratifications exchanged there 7 Oct., 1920. 
Duration indefinite. Supersedes all earlier general conventions on the subject, 
as regards relations between the countries which are parties to this convention. 
(Art. 160.) The conventions of 1892, 1893, 1894, 1897, and 1903 cited below were 
confirmed by the treaties of peace of 3919-20 with Austria (Art. 234), Bulgaria 
(Art. 167), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Germany (Art. 282), Hungary (Art. 217), 
Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey^' (Art. 273) and are continued in force with 
regard to the powers parties thereto which have not become parties to this 
convention (Art. 160). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Belgium, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, France, 
Great Britain, Italy, Monaco, Netherlands, Newfoundland, Norway, Panama, 
Persia, Portugal, Rumania, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. (J. O. 21 Oct., 
1920:16138.) Other States may adhere on request. (Art. 159.) 

^ Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL COl^VENTIONS. 829 

TEXT: (1) Convention of 30 Jan., 1S92— French, Martens 69:260-86 
B. F. S. P. 84 : 12-38. 

(2) Coiivention of 15 Apr., 1893— French and German, Martens 69:239-60 
Prench, B. F. S. P. 85 : 7-18. 

(8) Convention of 3 Apr., 1894 — French text and German transl., Martens 74 
516-55 ; B. F. S. P. 87 : 78-99. 

(4) Convention of 19 IVIar., 1897 — French text and German transl., Martens 
T8 : 33^348 ; French, B. F. S. P. 89 : 159-209. 

(5) Convention of 3 Dec, 1903^" — French text and German transl.. Martens 
S6 : 78-192 ; French, B. F. S. P. 97 : 1085-139 ; Hertslet 25 : 363-430 ; English 
(transl.). United States Tr. 11:2066-130. 

(6) Convent'on of 17 Jan.. 1912— French text and English transl., U. S. T. S. 
TCo. 649; French B. F. S. P. 108 : 230-83 : Hertslet 27 : 308-74 ; English (transl.), 
United States Tr. Ill : 390-430. 

In a g-eneral way, this convention deals with the duty of notifica- 
tions when epidemics exist, the declaring of quarantines and their 
duration, and the measures of protection allowed to be applied by 
an individual State respecting disinfection of incoming passengers, 
merchandise, and ships. Special dispositions are included concerning 
the Ked Sea, the Suez Canal, and the Persian Gulf. The following 
outline summarizes the very extensive and detailed provisions of 
the convention of IT Jan., 1912 : 

(a) Rules to be observed by the contracting countries as soon as 
plague, cholera, or yellow fever appear in their territory. (Arts. 

(d) Conditions which warrant consideration of a territorial area 
as being contaminated or ceasing to be such. (Arts. T-9.) 

(c) Measures of defense by other countries against territories 
declared to be contaminated, including publication of such measures 
.(Art. 10) ; disinfection of merchandise and baggage (Arts 11-20) ; 
defensive measures at ports and at maritime frontiers (Arts. 21-44) ; 
defensive measures on land frontiers, railroads, and navigation 
routes (Arts. 45-53). 

(d) Special provisions applicable to oriental countries, with 
^special reference to the Red Sea, the Suez Canal, and the Persian 
Oulf. (Arts. 54-83.) 

(e) Special provisions applying to pilgrimages. (Arts. 84-152.) 
(/) Provisions regarding the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine 

Board of Egypt (Arts. 153-5) ; the International Health Board of 
Tangier (Art. 156) ; and miscellaneous provisions (Arts. 157-8). 

(g) Regulations concerning transit of passengers and mails from 
contaminated countries through Egyptian territory in quarantined 
trains. (Annex I.) 

(h) Khedival decree and ministerial regulations concerning the 
constitution and operation of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine 
Board of Egypt. (Annex 11.) 

30 For parties to the convention of 1903, see Hertslet 25 : 427-30. 



830 HANDBOOK OF COMMEKCIAL TREATIES. 

No. 499. 

C onvention for suppression of the abuse of opium ^^ and other drugs^ 

SIGNED 23 Jan., 1912, at The Hague. Execution of this convention having; 
been interrupted by the war, the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria 
(Art. 247), Bulgaria (Art. 174), Germany (Art 295), Hungary (Art lioU), 
and Turkey ^^ (Art. 280) provide for its coming into force within 12 months,. 
Became effective 10 Jan., 1921, for indefinite term, but any State may with- 
draw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 25.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : United States, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada^ 
China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia,^ Denmark, Ecuador, France, Germany, Great 
Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hedjaz, Honduras, Hungary, India, Italy, 
Japan, Liberia, Luxemburg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway,. 
Panama, Persia, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Serb-Croat- Slovene 
State, Siam, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Othev 
powers may accede on request (Art. 22), and any State may withdraw^ on 
12 months' notice (Art. 25). 

TEXT : French text and English transl., U. S. T. S. No. 612 ; French, B. F. 
S. P. 105 : 491-505 ; Hertslet 26 : 72-86. 

This convention aims at progressive suppression of the abuse of 
opium, morphine, cocaine, and other drugs prepared or derived from 
these, and seeks to accomplish this object by the following means: 

{a) Enactment by the contracting States of efficacious laws or 
regulations to control the production and distribution of raw opium^ 
as defined. (Art. 1.) 

{h) Limitation of the number of towns, ports, or other places 
through which importation or exportation of raw opium shall be per- 
mitted. (Art. 2.) 

{c) Prevention or control of exportations of raw opium to coun- 
tries prohibiting or limiting its importation. (Art. 3.) 

{d) Honest labeling of packages containing raw opium for expor- 
tation. (Art. 4.) 

{e) Forbidding importation and exportation of raw opium, ex- 
cept through duly authorized persons. (Art. 5.) 

(/) Specified measures to be taken by the contracting powers for 
suppression of the manufacture, distribution, and use of prepared 
opium (as defined), similar to those indicated above for raw opium. 
(Arts. 6-8.) 

{g) The contracting powers agree to enact pharmacy laws and 
regulations, so as to limit the manufacture, sale, and use of morphine, 
cocaine, and heroin (as defined) to medical and legitimate uses only 
(Art. 9), and to adopt specified measures to control the manufacture, 
importation, exportation, and sale of these and similar specified 
drugs (Arts. 10-14, 20). 

{h) The Chinese Government and the contracting powers having 
treaties with China agree to take measures to prevent smuggling of 
raw and prepared opium and similar specified drugs into or from 

31 For French text of final protocol of third international opium conference of 1914, 
see Hertslet, 27 : 484-9 ; B. F. S. P., 107 : 341^5. 

32 Not yet ratified. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 831 

China to or from Far Eastern colonies and leased territories in 
China. (Art. 15.) 

(i) China agrees to promulgate pharmacy laws for its subjects, reg- 
ulating the sale and distribution of morphine, cocaine, and similar 
specified drugs, and to communicate these laws to the powers having 
treaties with China. Said powers shall examine these laws, and 
if they find them acceptable, shall have them applied to their nationals 
in China. (Art. 16.) 

{j) The contracting powers having treaties with China shall take 
effective measures to restrain and control the smoking of opium iii 
opium dives, etc., also the sale of raw or prepared opium, in their 
leased territories, "settlements," and concessions in China (Arts. 
IT, 18) ; and to prohibit importation and distribution of opium and 
similar specified drugs through any post offices said powers may have 
in China (Art. 19). 

(k) The contracting powers agree to communicate to each other 
through the Netherlands' Ministry for Foreign Affairs,^^ the text of 
their laws and regulations concerning matters aimed at by this con- 
vention, also statistical information respecting traffic in opium and 
similar specified drugs. (Art. 21.) 

No. 500. 

International wireless telegraph convention^ and service regula- 
tions annexed thereto. 

SIGNED 5 July, 1912, at London. Effective from 1 July, 1913, for indefinite 
period; but any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice. (Art. 22.) Both 
the convention and the regulations may be modified at any time by common 
consent. (Art. 11.) Supersedes the wi\'eless telegraph convention signed at 
Berlin 3 Nov., 1906. Confirmed by the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria 
(Art. 236), Bulgaria (Art. 164), Czechoslovakia (Art. 20), Germany (Art. 284), 
Hungary (Art. 219), Poland (Art. 19), and Turkey'* (Art. 271). 

CONTRACTING STATES.'' Virtually all important countries of the world 
are parties to this convention. Any State may adhere on request, and provision 
is made for separate adherence or withdrawal of colonies, protectorates, etc. 
(Art. 16.) For long list of ratifications and accessions, see Hertslet 27 : 409-11 ; 
also L. N. T. S., 1 : 200-3. 

33 The control of the opium traffic through this convention is now in the hands of the 
League of Nations, which has appointed a committee for the purpose. For an official 
statement of the work of this committee, see Supp. to L. N. Bull., May, 1921 : 22-42. 

3* Not yet ratified. 

^ The delegation of the United States declared " that its Government is under the 
necessity of abstaining from all action with regard to rates, because the transmission of 
radiograms as well as of ordinary telegrams in the United States is carried on, wholly or 
in part, by commercial or private companies." (Final protocol, II.) Moreover, the rati- 
fication of the United States contains the reservation "that nothing in the ninth article 
of the regulations affixed to the convention shall be deemed to exclude the United States 
from the execution of her inspection laws upon vessels entering in or clearing from her 
ports." 

In their respective treaties of peace, Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, and Turkey 
are required to fulfill the provisional regulations which will be indicated to them by the 
Allied and Associated Powers, and agree to be bound by any new convention regulating 
international radiotelegraphic communications which may be concluded to replace this 
convention and the provisional regulations in force, even if they should refuse to take 
part in such new convention. 



832 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

TEXT: Fi-ench text and Englisli transl., U. S. T. S. No. 581; L. N. T. S.„ 
1:135-203; French, B. F. S. P. 105:219-60; Hertslet 27:374-411; Englisb. 
(transl.), United States Tr. 111:185-222. 

(a) The International Bureau of the Telegraphic Union, estab- 
lished at Berne, is charged with collecting, coordinating, and publish- 
ing information of every kind relating to radio-telegraphy, examining 
the applications for changes in the convention or regulations, pro- 
mulgating the amendments adopted, and generally performing all 
administrative work referred to it in the interest of international 
radio-telegraphy. The expense is shared by the contracting countries.- 
(Art. 13.) 

( h ) The contracting parties bind themselves to apply the provisions 
of this convention to all radio stations (coastal or on shipboard) 
established or worked by them and open to public service between the- 
coast and vessels at sea ; and further, to make the observance of these 
provisions obligatory upon private enterprises authorized either to-' 
establish or work wireless stations for public service between the coast 
and vessels at sea, or authorized to establish or work radio stations 
on board of vessels flying their flag. (Art. 1.) 

(c) " Coastal stations" are those established on shore or on board 
a permanently moored vessel ; " stations on shipboard " are those estab- 
lished on board any vessel not permanently moored. (Art. 2.) 

(d) Coastal stations and stations on shipboard must exchange 
radiograms without distinction of the radio system adopted by 
them, except when a different system is employed in the interest of 
scientifijc progress (Art. 3), and except stations reserved for a 
limited public service under conditions named (Art. 4). 

(e) The contracting States undertake to connect the coastal sta- 
tions to the telegraph system by special wires, or to insure by other 
measures a rapid exchange between the two services (Art. 5) ; also 
to notify one another of the names of all radio stations established 
or worked under their respective jurisdictions, and of all data nec- 
essary to accelerate exchange of radiograms, as specified in the 
Regulations (Art. 6). 

(/) Radio stations are bound to give absolutely priority to calls 
of distress from whatever source, to similarly answer such calls, 
and to take such action with regard thereto as may be required. 
(Arts. 9 and 15.) 

(g) Charges for radiograms comprise rates for the different serv- 
ices named according to circumstances (Art. 10), the convention 
being supplemented by regulations, which are made a part thereof 
and have the same force (Art. 11). 

(h) Each contracting State reserves to itself the right of fixing 
the terms lor receiving or sending radiograms from or to any sta- 
tion not subject to this convention. (Art. 14.) 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 833 

(^) The provisions of Articles 1 to 3, 5 to 8, 11, 12, and 17 of the 
international telepragh convention of 10 July, 1875, are made ap- 
plicable to international radio-telegraphy. (Art. 17.) 

(j) The contracting States bind themselves to propose to their 
respective legislatures the necessary measures for insuring execution 
of this convention (Art. 19), and to communicate to one another 
their respective laws relating to the objects thereof (Art. 20). 

(k) The contracting States reserve entire liberty as regards radio 
installations other than provided for in Article 1, especially naval 
and military installations, and stations used for communications be- 
tween fixed points; subject, however, to certain qualifications stated 
in detail. (Art. 21.) 

(I) Very extensiA-e and detailed service regulations are affixed to 
this convention. (Arts. I-L.) 

No. 501. 

C onvention regarding uniform classification of intei'iiational foreign 
trade statistics^ and protocol relating thereto. 

SIGNED 31 Dec, 1913, at Brussels. Effective from date of ratification for 
successive periods of seven years, subject to termination at the close of any 
seven-year period by notice given 12 months before. (Art. IX.) Confirmed by 
the treaties of peace of 1919-20 with Austria (Art. 240), Bulgaria (Art. 167), 
Germany (Art. 282), Hungary (Art. 223), and Turkey'' (Art. 273). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following countries are parties to this con- 
vention : Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Denmark 
(and colonies), Dominican Republic, France, Germany, Great Britain, Guate- 
mala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Italy (and colonies), Japan, Mexico, Nether- 
lands, Nicaragua. Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Persia, Portugal, Russia, Siam, 
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Uruguay. 

Other countries may accede at their request, such accession to become 
effective on 1 Jan. following notice thereof. (Art. VII.) 

TEXT: French and Dutch, Staatsbl. 1914; No. 258. 

{a) Each contracting State agrees, in addition to publishing sta- 
tistics of imports and exports according to a classification suited to 
its own needs, to furnish annually to an International Bureau of 
Commercial Statistics, to be located at Brussels, reports on imports 
and exports in accordance with the international classification. 
(Arts. I-III and annexes thereto.) • 

(&) The International Statistical Bureau to be established at 
Brussels is charged with the collection, coordination, and publica- 
tion of the statistical information, to be supplied by the contracting 
States (Kegulations, Art. VII), in an official organ entitled Bulletin 
of International Bureau of Commercial Statistics (Art. IV), to be 
issued annually in the French language (Regulations, Arts. Ill, IV.) 

{c) The international bureau is placed under the direction and 
supervision of the Belgian Government, its expenses being shared in 
stated proportions by the contracting countries (Art. V), which for 

s^Not yet ratified. 



834 HAISTDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

this purpose are divided into six classes according to the amount of 
their commerce. (Regulations, Art. X.) 

[d) The budget of the bureau is fixed at approximately 35,000 
francs yearly. (Regulations, Art. XI.) In case of dissolution, sur- 
plus funds are to be distributed among the contracting states in pro- 
portion to their respective contributions; but States withdrawing 
from the convention lose their right to a share in the common funds 
(Regulations, Arts. XIII, XI Y.) Report to be sent each year to the 
contracting States regarding finances and operation of the bureau. 
(Regulations, Art. XVI.) 

{e) The international classification ^^ of imports and exports (con- 
sisting of 186 groups) is annexed to the convention in the form of 
tables or schedules to be employed in reporting the foreign commerce 
of each country to the international bureau. (Various annexes.) 

(/) The right is reserved of establishing a permanent international 
council to advise on questions concerning application of this con- 
vention. ( Protocol. ) 

No. 502. 

Convention revising the general act of Berlin^ 26 Feb.^ 1885,^^ and 
the general act and declaration of Brussels^ 2 July^ 1890,^^ 

SIGNED^" 10 Sept., 1919, at Saint-Germain. Duration indefinite, subject to 
modifications after 10 years, as experience may have sliown to be necessary. 
(Art. 15.) Abrogates the acts named in the title, and the declaration of 2 
July, 1890, so far as binding between the parties to this convention, except 
as regards stipulations noted under I (a) below. (Art. 13.) 

TEXT : French text and English transl., G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 18, Cmd. 477. 

I. National and most-favored-nation treatment. 

{a) In all the regions forming the basin of the Congo and its 
outlets, or watered by the Congo and its affluents (including Lake 
Tanganyika, with its eastern tributaries), and likewise in the adja- 
cent zones specified in Article 1 of this convention, the contracting 
powers undertake to maintain between their respective nationals 
a complete commercial equality in the territories under their au- 
thority; it being expressly recognized, however, that, as regards 
territories belonging to an independent or; sovereign State within 
the eastern zone specified, this principle of commercial freedom 
can apply only in so far as such independent State may consent. 
(Art. 1.) 

37 YoT a table showing the foreign commerce of the United States during the calendar 
year 1918, stated in the (English) terminology for these 186 groups, see Commerce Re- 
ports, 18 Oct., 1910 : 365-72. 

«« French, B. F. S. P. 76 : 4-20 ; Martens 60 : 414-27. 

^ French, B. F. S. P. 82 : 55-81 ; Martens 66 : 3-29 ; French text and German transl., 
Martens 67 : 345-96. 

*" Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of, Australia, Belgium, 
Canada, France, Great Britain, India, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Portugal, and South 
Africa. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 18, cmd. 477.) Ratification is still pending. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. SSS 

(h) Merchandise belonging to nationals of the contracting powers 
shall have free access to the interior of the regions specified under 
I (a) above. No differential treatment shall be imposed upon the 
said merchandise on importation or exportation, and transit remains 
free from all duties, taxes, or dues, other than those collected for 
services rendered. (Art. 2.) 

(c) Vessels flying the flag of any contracting power shall have free 
access to all the coast and to all maritime ports in the territories 
specified under I (a) above, and shall not be subject to any dif- 
ferential treatment. (Art. 2.) 

(d) Each State reserves the right to dispose freely of its property 
and to grant concessions for the development of the natural resources 
of the territory, but no regulations on these matters shall admit of 
any differential treatment between the nationals of the contracting 
States. (Art. 4.) 

(e) Subject to provisions of this convention, navigation of the 
Mger (its affluents, branches, and outlets) and of all the rivers (their 
affluents, branches, and outlets) and lakes within the territories 
specified under I (a) above, shall be entirely free for merchant vessels 
and for the transport of goods and passengers. Craft of every kind 
belonging to nationals of contracting States shall be treated in all 
respects on a footing of perfect equality. This applies also to roads, 
railways, or lateral canals constructed with the special object of 
obviating the innavigability or correcting the imperfections of the 
water route on certain sections of these rivers and lakes, including 
their affluents, branches, and outlets. (Arts. 5-T.) 

Equal treatment of the nationals of all contracting parties within 
the region indicated under 1 (a) above is further expressly stipulated 
in regard to the following matters : 

(/) All rights regarding protection of persons and effects, acquisi- 
tion and transmission of movable and real property, and exercise 
of professions: subject only to limitations necessary for maintenance 
of public security and order. (Art. 3.) 

(g) Any taxes or duties collected for service rendered to naviga- 
tion. (Art. 6.) 

(A) Any tolls collected on roads, railways, and canals for con- 
struction, maintenance, and management. (Art. 7.) 

(^) Any regulations established by Governments exercising au- 
thority over rivers and lakes not necessarily utilized by more than 
one riverain State, as regards maintenance of public safety and 
order, and for other necessities of the work of civilization and 
colonization. (Art. 9.) 
II. Other provisions of this convention relate to : 

(a) Subject to provisions noted under I h-c above, the States 
concerned reserve to themselves complete liberty of action as to 
54083—22 54 



836 HAIi^DBOOK OF COMMEECIAL TEEATIES. 

customs and navigation regulations and tariffs to be applied in their 
territories. (Art. 2.) 

(h) Navigation on rivers and lakes within the territories indicated 
under I a above shall not be subject to any restriction or dues 
based on the mere fact of navigation, and shall not be exposed to any 
obligation in regard to landing, station, or depot, or for breaking 
bulk, or compulsory entry into port. No maritime or river toll, based 
on the mere fact of navigation, shall be levied on vessels, nor shall 
any transit duty be levied on goods on board. (Art. 6.) 

(c) Each contracting power remains free to establish rules which 
it may consider expedient to ensure safety and control of navigation, 
on the understanding that these rules shall facilitate, as far as pos- 
sible, the circulation of merchant vessels. (Art. 8.) 

(d) The contracting powers are obligated to maintain in the 
regions subject to their jurisdiction and authority a police force 
sufficient to ensure protection of persons and property and, if neces- 
sary, freedom of trade and of transit. (Art. 10.) 

(e) Detailed stipulations concerning preservation of the native 
populations and supervision of their mental and material well-being ; 
with special reference to complete suppression of slavery in all its 
forms, and of the slave trade by land and sea. Freedom of conscience 
and free exercise of all forms of religion are guaranteed to all na- 
tionals of States which may become parties to this convention, sub- 
ject only to restrictions necessary for maintenance of public security 
and order, or resulting from enforcement of constitutional laws. 
(Art. 11.) 

(/) Disputes relating to application of this convention shall be 
submitted to an arbitral tribunal in conformity with the covenant 
of the League of Nations. (Art. 12.) 

No. 503. 

Convention for control of the trade in arms and amonunition. 

SIGNED" 10 Sept., 1919, at Paris. Duration indefinite. Abrogate?, all pro- 
visions of former ^ general international conventions relating to matters dealt 
with in tills convention, so far as tliey are binding between parties to the latter. 
(Art. 25.) 

CONTRACTING STATES. This convention has been ratified by the fol- 
lowing: countries: Brazil, Chile, China, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Peru, Siam, 
and Venezuela. 

TEXT: French text and English transl., G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 12, Cmd. 414. 

*i Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of, Australia, Belgium, 
Bolivia, Canada, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador,, France, Great Britain, Greece, 
Hedjaz, India, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Panama, Poland, Portugal, Ru- 
mania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Siam, and South Africa (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 12, 
cmd. 414.) 

*2For texts (French) of the declaration of 2 July, 1890, and protocol of 22 July, 1908, 
and parties to these, see B. F. S. P., 82:80-1; 101 : 176-8 ; Martens, 67:394-6; 87: 
711-15. 



MULTILATEEAL CONVENTIONS. 837 

I. Export of arms and ammunition. 

(a) The contracting parties undertake to prohibit the export of 
the following arms of war : Artillery of all kinds, apparatus for dis- 
charge of all kinds of projectiles, explosive or gas-diffusing, flame 
throwers, bombs, grenades, machine guns, and rifled small-bore 
breech-loading weapons of all kinds, as well as the exportation of 
the ammunition for use with such arms. This prohibition of ex- 
portation applies to all such arms and ammunition, whether com- 
plete or in parts. (Art. 1.) Nevertheless, the contracting parties 
reserve the right to grant export licenses to meet the requirements 
of their respective governments, in respect of arms not prohibited 
by international law. 

As regards firearms and ammunition adapted both to warlike and 
other purposes, the contracting parties reserve the right to determine, 
from the size, destination, and other circumstances of each shipment, 
for what use it is intended, and whether the provisions of this article 
are applicable thereto. (Art. 1.) 

(h) The contracting parties undertake to prohibit exportation of 
firearms and ammunition, whether complete or in parts, other than 
arms and munitions of war, to the areas and zones specified below 
under II (a-c). 

Nevertheless, the contracting parties reserve the right to grant 
licenses, to be issued only by their own authorities, for export and 
disposal of arms and munitions to destinations and for purposes not 
contrary to this convention. (Art. 2.) No licenses shall be issued 
for export to another country which refuses to accept the tutelage 
of the power under which it has been placed, or tries to obtain from 
any other power any of the arms and ammunition specified above 
under (a) and (h). (Art. 4.) 

(c) A central international office, placed under control of the 
League of Nations, shall be established for the purpose of collecting 
and preserving documents of all kinds exchanged by the contracting 
parties with regard to trade in and distribution of the arms and 
ammunition specified in tiiis convention. Annual reports shall be 
published by the contracting parties showing export licenses granted, 
and the quantities and destination of the arms and ammunition to 
which the export licenses referred. Copies of this report shall be 
sent to the central international office and to the secretary general of 
the League of Nations ; also full statistical information as to quanti- 
ties and destination of all arms and ammunition exported without 
licenses. (Art. 5.) 

II. Import of arms and ammunition. — The contracting parties 
undertake, each as far as the territory under its jurisdiction is con- 
cerned, to prohibit the importation of the arms and ammunition 
specified above under I a and h into the territorial areas noted 



838 HANDBOOK OF COMMEECIAL TREATIES. 

below under II a and h ; and also to prevent their importation 
and transportation in the maritime zone defined under II c below; 

{a) The whole of the continent of Africa (including all islands 
within 100 nautical miles of the coast, and also St. Thomas, Annobon, 
Socotra, and Prince's Island), except Algeria, Libia, and the Union 
of South Africa. (Art. 6.) 

{h) Transcaucasia, Persia, Gwadar, the Arabian Peninsula, and 
such continental parts of Asia as were included in the Turkish Em- 
pire on 4 Aug., 1914. (Art. 6.) 

{c) A maritime zone, including the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Per- 
sian Gulf, Sea of Oman, and bounded by a line running as specified 
from Cape Guardafui to the eastern frontier of Persia in the Gulf 
of Oman. (Art. 6.) 

{d) Special licenses may be issued for import of arms or ammuni- 
tion into the areas indicated above under II a-<?, but only at ports 
designated for this purpose by authorities of the State, colony, 
protectorate, or territory under mandate concerned, and subject to 
specified regulations as regards deposit of the imported arms, etc., in 
a public warehouse, and withdrawal therefrom, under the exclusive 
custody and permanent control of the authorities named. (Arts. 
6,7.) 

{e) Detailed regulations designed to assure complete and exclusive 
control of arms and ammunition in the specified areas by the au- 
thorities named, with special reference to licensing and locking of 
warehouses, and withdrawal, transfer, transport, manufacture, as- 
sembling, and repair of arms, whether complete or in parts; also 
statement of procedure for establishing any violation of regulations 
or conditions named. (Arts. 8-10.) 

III. Maritime supervision. — Very extensive and detailed pro- 
visions regarding maritime supervision and police measures de- 
signed to prevent all illicit conveyance of arms or ammunition within 
territorial waters in the prohibited areas specified under II o-c. 

(Arts. 11-21.) 

IV. General provisions. 

{a) The contracting parties who exercise authority over territories 
within the prohibited areas agree to take, so far as each may be con- 
cerned, the measures required for the enforcement of this convention, 
particularly as regards prosecution and repression of offenses against 
its provisions, and to communicate these measures to the central office 
and to the secretary general of the League of Nations; and also to 
inform these offices of the competent authorities concerned in the exe- 
cution of this convention. (Art. 22.) 

(6) Any disputes relating to application of this convention which 
can not be settled by negotiation shall be submitted to an arbitral 
tribunal in conformity with the covenant of the League of Nations. 
(Art. 8.) 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 839 

No. 504. 

Convention relating to the liquor traflc in Africa. 

SIGNED ■" 10 Sept., 1919, at Saint-Germain. Duration indefinite. Abrogates 
all provisions of former'*^ general international conventions relating to matters 
dealt with in this convention, so far as they are binding between parties to 
the latter. (Art. IL) 

TEXT : French text and English transl., G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 19, Cmd. 478. 

I. Restriction of liquor traffic. 

{a) The contracting parties undertake to apply specified measures 
noted hereunder for restriction of the liquor traffic in all parts of 
Africa now or hereafter subject to their control, including the islands 
lying within 100 nautical miles of the coast ; but excepting Algeria, 
Tunis, Morocco, Libia, Egypt, and the Union of South Africa. 
(Art. 1.) 

(b) Importation, distribution, sale,, and possession of trade spirits 
of every kind, of beverages mixed with these spirits, and of dis- 
tilled beverages containing essential oils or chemical products recog- 
nized as injurious to health (such as absinthe and other examples 
cited), are prohibited in the area described under a above. 
(Arts. 2-4.) 

{c) An import duty of not less than 800 francs per hectoliter of 
pure alcohol shall be levied upon distilled beverages other than those 
indicated under Arts. 2 and 3, Avhich are imported into the area 
referred to above under <2, except that in the Italian colonies the 
duty may be not less than 600 francs. (Art. 4.) 

{d) Manufacture of distilled beverages of every kind is forbidden 
in the area referred to above under «; also the importation, dis- 
tribution, sale, and possession of stills and of all apparatus or parts 
thereof suitable for distillation of alcohol, and the rectification or 
redistillation of spirits are forbidden in the same area, subject to 
exceptions noted under II e below. (Art. 4.) 

II. Exceptions. — The restrictions on importation, distribution, 
sale, possession, and manufacture of spirituous beverages do not 
apply to : 

{a) Pharmaceutical alcohols required for medical, surgical, or 
pharmaceutical establishments. (Art. 6.) 

(&) Testing stills used for laboratory experiments, which are not 
fitted with rectifying heads and the capacity of whose retort does 
not exceed one liter. (Art. 6.) 

{c) Apparatus or parts thereof required for experiments in 
scientific institutions, or employed for purposes other than pro- 
duction of alcohol by qualified pharrnacists or other persons who can 

*3 Signed bj' the following Powers : America, United States of, Australia, Belgium, 
Canada, France, Great Britain, India, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Portugal, and South 
Africa. (G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 19, p. 124.) Ratification is still pending. 

** For text of the convention of 3 Nov., 1906, and the parties thereto, see French, 
Hertslet, 25 : 6-11 ; English, United States Tr., II : 2205-8. 



840 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

show good cause for possession of such apparatus or parts thereol. 
(Art. 6.) 

{d) Apparatus necessary for manufacture of alcohol for commer- 
cial purposes, and employed by duly authorized persons. (Art. 6.) 

{e) The provisions noted under I d above do not apply to the 
Italian colonies. Manufacture of distilled beverages specified will 
continue to be permitted in Italian colonies on condition that they 
are subject to an excise duty equal to the import duty named under 

I c above. (Art. 5.) 

III. Central international office. — A central international office, 
under control of the League of Nations, shall be established for pur- 
poses named, designed to assure enforcement of this convention. 
Each contracting party shall publish an annual report showing 
quantities of spiritous beverages imported or manufactured, and 
the duties levied under Articles 4 and 5, as noted under I c and 

II e above. Copy of this report shall be sent to the central 
international office and to the secretary-general of the League of 
Nations. (Art. 7.) 

TV. Arbitration. — Any disputes relating to application of this 
convention which can not be settled by negotiation shall be sub- 
mitted to an arbitral tribunal in conformity with the covenant 
of the League of Nations. (Art. 8.) 

No. 505. 

Convention relating to international air navigation^ and technical 
regulations annexed; also protocol additional thereto. 

SIGNED '' 13 Oct., 1919, at Paris. Additional protocol signed there 1 May, 
1920.*° To come into force from date of ratification for indefinite term. (Art. 
42.) Any State may withdraw on 12 months' notice given after 1 Jan., 1922. 
(Art. 45.) The extensive annexes (A-H) have the same effect and go into 
force at the same time as the convention itself. (Art. 40.) 

States which did not take part in the World War may adhere to this con- 
vention on request. (Art. 43.) States which took part in the World War 
may adhere subject to conditions stated. (Art, 44.) 

TEXT : English and French, U. S. 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. 91 : 1-117. 

I. Air sovereignty. 

{a) The contracting States recognize that every State has com- 
plete and exclusive sovereignty in the air space above its territory 
and territorial waters. (Art. 1.) 

*5 Signed by the following Powers : America, United States of, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, 
British Empire, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, France, Greece, Guatemala, 
Italy, Japan, Panama. Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Siam, and 
Uruguay. 

The same parties signed the additional protocol of 1 May, 1920, except Brazil and 
Guatemala. Brazil has acceded to the additional protocol, and Nicaragua and Peru to 
both the convention and protocol. Ratification of both the convention and the protocol 
is still pending. 

The British Dominions and India are deemed to be States for the purposes of this 
convention. Protectorates or territories administered by the League of Nations or placed 
under its control are, for the purposes of this convention, deemed to form part of the 
protecting or mandatory States (Art. 41). 

« English, State Department dispatch No. 1140, Paris, 28 Apr., 1920. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 841 

(h) Each contracting State undertakes in time of peace to accord 
freedom of innocent passage above its territory and territorial 
waters (including those of its colonies) to the aircraft of the other 
contracting States, subject to observance of conditions established 
by this convention. (Art. 2.) 

(c) No contracting State shall, except by a special and temporary 
authorization, permit the flight above its territory of an aircraft 
which does not possess the nationality of a contracting State. 
(Art. 5.) 

(d) Every aircraft of a contracting State has the right to cross 
another State without landing, but must follow the route fixed by 
the latter, and must land if ordered to do so. (Art. 15.) 

(e) The establishment of international airways shall be subject 
to the consent of the States flown over. (Art. 15.) 

(/) Each contracting State has the right to reserve to its national 
aircraft the carriage of persons and goods for hire between two 
points in its own territory. (Art. 16.) But if a State makes use 
of this right, its aircraft may be subjected to the same restrictions 
in any other contracting State, even though the latter does not itself 
impose these restrictions on other foreign aircraft. (Art. 17.) 

(g) Neither the fli/^ht of a military aircraft of a contracting State 
over the territory of another nor its landing upon such territory 
shall be permitted without special authorization. (Art. 33.) 

II. National treatment is assured in each of the contracting 
States to the aircraft of all the others with regard to the following 
matters : 

(a) All regulations made by a contracting State concerning ad- 
mission over its territory of the aircraft of other contracting States 
must be applied without distinction of nationality. (Art. 2.) 

(h) A contracting State may, for military reasons or in the in- 
terest of public safety, prohibit the aircraft of other contracting 
States from flying over certain areas of its territory, under pen- 
alties provided by its legislation; subject to no distinction being 
made in this respect between its private aircraft and those of the 
other contracting States. (Art. 3.) 

(c) Aircraft of the contracting States are entitled to the same 
measures of assistance for landing as national aircraft. (Art. 24.) 

(d) Every aerodrome in a contracting State, which upon pay- 
ment of charges is open to public use by its national aircraft, shall 
likewise be open to the aircraft of all the other contracting States. 
In every such aerodrome there shall be a single tariff of charges for 
landing and length of stay applicable alike to national and foreign 
aircraft. (Art. 25.) 

(e) Any restrictions imposed by a contracting State regarding 
carriage of objects by aircraft must be applied equally to national 



842 HANDBOOK OF COMMEKCIAL TKEATIES. 

and foreign aircraft (Art. 30) ; except carriage of explosives and of 
arms and munitions of war, which is forbidden in international navi- 
gation (Art. 27) ; and except the right of each State to prohibit or 
regulate the carriage or use of photographic apparatus (Art. 28). 

III. Other provisions. 

(a) A permanent commission is set up, under the name of " Inter- 
national Commission for Air Navigation,'" as part of the organiza- 
tion of the League of Nations. Composition and functions of this 
commission are described in detail. (Art. 35.) 

(h) General provisions relative to customs in connection with in- 
ternational air navigation are the subject of a special agreement 
contained in Annex H to this convention. (Art. 37.) 

(c) The contracting States are free to conclude special protocols, 
in conformity with the principles of this convention, in respect of 
customs, police posts, and other matters of common interest in con- 
nection with air navigation. (Art. 37.) 

(d) In case of war, this convention does not affect the freedom 
of action of the contracting States either as belligerents or as neu- 
trals. (Art. 39.) 

(e) Detailed and extensive provisions concerning nationality of 
aircraft (Arts. 5-10) ; certificates of airworthiness and competency 
(Arts 11-14) ; admission to air navigation above foreign territory 
(Arts. 15-18) ; rules to be observed on departure, on landing, and 
when under way (Arts 19-26) ; prohibited transport (Arts 27-30) ; 
State aircraft as distinguished from private aircraft (Arts. 31-34) ; 
international commission for air navigation (Art. 35) ; and arbi- 
tration of disputes regarding interpretation of this convention or of 
technical regulations annexed thereto (Art 38). 

(/) Extensive and detailed technical regulations concerning the 
marking of aircraft (Annex A) ; certificates of airworthiness (Annex 
B) ; log books (Annex C) ; rules for lights and signals, and rules 
of the air (Annex D) : minimum qualifications necessary for obtain- 
ing certificates as pilots and navigators (Annex E) ; international 
aeronautical maps and ground markings (Annex F) ; and provisions 
relating to customs in connection with international air navigation 
(Annex H). 

No. 506. 

League of Nations. 

The League of Nations was created by the covenant constituting Part I of the 
treaty of Versailles of 28 June, 1919, and of the treaty of St. Germain of 10 
Sept., 1919. 

For an official statement concerning the organization of the league and a 
summary of its work see Supp. to the Monthly Summary of the League, May, 
1921, and later issues of the Monthly Summary to date. 

CONTRACTING STATES : The following States are members of the League 
of Nations: Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 843 

British Empire, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa liica, Cuba, 
Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Esthonia, Finland, France, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, 
Hedjaz, India, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Netherlands, 
•New Zealand, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Persia, Peru, Poland, Portugal, 
Rumania, Salvador, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Siam, South Africa, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, Uruguay, and Venezuela (L, N. O. J., July-Aug., 1920: 
299-300; and Jan. -Feb., 1921:96-98.) (See also N. Y. Times. 23 Sept., 
1921:17.) 

TEXT: English and French (both authentic) of the covenant of the League 
of Nations, U. S. 66th Cong., 1st sess., S. Doc. No. 85 ; G. B. T. S. 1919, No. 4, 
Cmd. 153 ; also published separately by the League of Nations and elsewdiere. 

I. Accessory organizations of the league. — Tliese consist chiefly 
of commissions and organizations of various kinds to deal especially 
with certain classes of questions for which provision is made in the 
treaties of peace, such as : 

{a) International Labor Office. (See below, No. 507.) 

{b) Permanent Court of International Justice. (See below, No, 
508.) 

{c) Military, Naval, and Air Commission, and the Problem of 
Armaments. 

{d) Armaments Commission. 

{e) Supervision of the Traffic in Arms. The International Bureau 
established at Brussels to supervise the traffic in arms has been 
attached to the League of Nations. 

(/) Blockade Commission. 

{g) Mandates Commission. 

{h) Advisory Economic and Financial Commission. 

{i) Advisory Commission for Communications and Transit. 

{j) Health Organization. 

II. Political activities of the league. 
{a) Free city of Danzig. 

{h) The Saar Basin. 

(c) Eupen and Malmedy. 

III. Activities concerning peace and justice. 
{a) Dispute between Lithuania and Poland. 
{h) The question of the Aaland Islands. 

{c) Protection of Armenia. 

{d) Protection of minorities (religious, linguistic, and racial), 
provided for by special clauses of the treaties of peace under the 
guarantee of the League of Nations. 

IV. Humanitarian activities. 

{a) Campaign against typhus in Poland. 

{h) Eepatriation of prisoners of war. 

{c) Opium traffic. The control of this traffic, which under the 
Hague Convention (see No. 499 in this volume) had been intrusted 
to Holland, is now in the hands of the League of Nations. 

{d) Traffic in women and children. 



844 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

V. Official publications. — For list of publications issued by the 
League of Nations, see catalogue published by the league, May, 1921, 
and periodic revisions to date. 

No. 507. 

International Labor Organization. 

The International Labor Organization was created by Part XIII of the treaty 
of Versailles of 28 June, 1919, and of the treaty of St. Germain of 10 Sept., 
1919, and is a part of the organization of the League of Nations, although pos- 
sessing its own constitution and a far larger measure of autonomy than any 
other institution attached to the league. 

The International Labor Office prepares labor conventions with the assistance 
of the delegates of the Governments, of the employers' organizations, and of 
the workmen's organizations. These conventions must then be ratified by the 
different legislatures. 

For an official statement of the organization and development of the Inter- 
national Labor Organizations, see Int. Labor Rev,, 1 : 5-40. 

CONTRACTING STATES: The following countries are members of the 
International Labor Organization: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, 
Bolivia, Brazil, British Empire, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Czecho- 
slovakia, Denmark, Ecuador, France, Germany, Greece, Guatamala, Haiti, Hed- 
jaz, Honduras, India, Italy, Japan, Liberia Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicara- 
gua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Persia, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Sal- 
vador, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Siam, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, 
Uruguay, and Venezuela (Int. Labor Office, Constitution and Rules, 1920:31.) 

TEXT : 

{a) Constitution of International Labor Organization: English and French 
(both authentic), Part XIII of the treaty of Versailles of 28 June, 1919, and 
of the treaty of St. Germain of 10 Sept., 1919. Also Int. Labor Office, Constitu- 
tion and Rules, 1920. 

(6) Draft conventions and recommenaations of First Annual Conference 
(Washington, 1919) : English and French (both authentic). Int. Labor Con- 
ference, Washington, 1919. 

(c) Draft conventions and recommendations of the Second Annual Con- 
ference (Genoa, 1920) : English and French (both authentic). Pari. Papers, 
1921, Cmd. 1174. 

I. Constitutional provisions. — The constitution of the Inter- 
national Labor Organization is identical with Part XIII (Labor) 
of the peace treaties cited above. Article 19 of this constitution 
(Art. 405 of the treaty of Versailles) contains the following 
provision : 

When the (International Labor) conference has decided on the adoption of 
proposals with regard to an item in the agenda, it will rest with the conference 
to determine whether these proposals should take the form {a) of a recom- 
mendation to be submitted to members for consideration with a view to eifect 
being given to it by national legislation or otherwise, or (&) of a draft inter- 
national convention for ratification by the members. 

Moreover, each of the members undertakes that it will, at the 
earliest practicable moment and in no case later than 18 months 
from the closing of the session of the conference, bring the recom- 
mendation or draft convention before the authority or authorities 
within whosie competence the matter lies, for the enactment of legis- 
lation or other action. 



MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS. 845 

If on a recommendation no legislation or other action is taken to 
make a recommendation effective, or if the draft convention fails 
to obtain the consent of the authority or authorities within whose 
competence the matter lies, no further obligation shall rest upon the 
member. (Ibid., Art. 19.) 

II. Draft conventions and recommendations. — The following 
draft conventions and recommendations have been adopted by the 
annual conferences for ratification by the members of the Interna- 
tional Labor Organization : 

A. First Annual Conference, Washington, 29 October-29 No- 
vember, 1919 : 

1. Draft convention limiting the hours of work in industrial under- 
takings to 8 in the day and 48 in the week. 

2. Draft convention concerning unemployment. 

3. Draft convention concerning employment of women before and 
after childbirth. 

4. Draft convention concerning employment of women during the 
night. 

5. Draft convention fixing the minimum age for admission of 
children to industrial employment. 

6. Draft convention concerning the night work of young persons 
employed in industry. 

7. Recommendation concerning unemployment. 

8. Recommendation concerning reciprocity of treatment of foreign 
workers. 

9. Recommendation concerning the prevention of anthrax. 

10. Recommendation concerning the protection of women and chil- 
dren against lead poisoning. 

11. Reconmiendation concerning the establishment of Government 
health services. 

12. Recommendation concerning the application of the Berne Con- 
vention of 1906 *'^ on the prohibition of the use of white phosphorus 
in the manufacture of matches. 

B. Second Annual Conference, Genoa, 15 June-10 July, 1920 : 

1. Draft convention fixing the minimum age for admission of 
children to employment at sea. 

2. Draft convention concerning unemployment indemnity in case 
of loss or foundering of the ship. 

3. Draft convention for establishing facilities for finding employ- 
m^ent for seamen. 

4. Recommendation concerning the limitation of hours of work in 
the fishing industry. 

5. Recommendation concerning the limitation of hours of work in 
inland navigation. 

*'' For digest and list of States which are parties to this convention, see No, 483 in this 
volume. 



846 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

G. Eecommeiidation concerning the establishment of national sea- 
men's codes. 

7. Recommendation concerning unemployment insurance for sea- 
men. 

III. Ratification of draft conventions. — For ratification of 
draft conventions by different countries, and labor legislation aris- 
ing out of the International Labor Conferences, see Int. Labor Office, 
O. Bull., IV : 7-18, and succeeding issues to date. 

IV. Publications. — For a list of publications of the International 
Labor Office, see catalogue published by the office May, 1921, at 
Geneva. The weekly official bulletin records the internal v^ork of 
the organization, publishes the decisions of the governing body, to- 
gether with notices, circulars, and official correspondence, and gives 
the progress of national legislation intended to make effective the 
international draft conventions (Int. Labor Rev., 1:3). 

No. 508. 

Protocol estdblishing the Permanent Court of International Justice. 

SIGNED 16 Dec, 1920, at Geneva. By this protocol the contracting States 
declare their acceptance of the adjoined statute of the Permanent Court of 
International Justice, and that they accept the jurisdiction of the court in ac- 
cordance with the terms and subject to the conditions of that statute. The 
protocol is subject to ratification, and shall remain open for signature by the 
members of the League of Nations and by the States mentioned in the annex 
to the covenant of the league. 

CONTRACTING STATES: Ratification by a majority of the States, mem- 
bers of the League of Nations, was required before this court could be estab- 
lished, and this condition has been fulfilled by deposits of the ratifications of 
the following States: Albania, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, 
Canada, Denmark, France, Greece, Haiti, Holland, India, Italy, Japan, New 
Zealand, Norway, Poland, Rumania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, South Africa, 
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Uruguay. (L.N.M.S., 
1 Sept., 1921: 79.) 

TEXT: English and French (both authentic) Pari. Papers, 1921, Cd. 1276^ 

This statute establishes the Permanent Court of International 
Justice provided for by article 14 of the covenant of the League of 
Nations, which shall be in addition to the court of arbitration or- 
ganized by The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, and to the 
special tribunals of arbitration to which States are always at liberty 
to submit their disputes for settlement (Art. 1). Article 14 of the 
covenant provides that the court shall be competent to hear and de- 
termine any dispute of an international character which the parties 
thereto submit to it, and that it may also give an advisory opinion 
upon any dispute or question referred to it by the council or by the 
assembly of the league. 

The statute deals specifically and extensively with the establish- 
ment and organization of the court *^ (Arts. 1-33), with its compe- 
tence (Arts. 34^8), and with its procedure (Arts. 39-64). 

48 For list of the first judges and deputy judges oif the Permanent Court of Inter- 
national Justice, whose election was declared 14 Sept., 1921, see Int. Labor Office, O. 
Bull., IV : 19. 



\ MULTILATERAL COXVENTIONS. 847 

No. 509. 

Treaty creating the Federation of Central America. 

SIGNED 10 Jan., 1921, by Costa Rica. Guatemala, Honduras, and Salvador, 
at San Jose, Costa Kica. Effective from 9 Apr., 1921 (Art. 18). Duration 
perpetual (Art. 1). 

CONTRACTING STATES. The following signatories have ratified the treaty : 
Guatemala, Honduras, and Salvador. 

TEXT: Spanish, El Gnatemalteco XCVIII : 353-6 (13 Apr.. 1921); English 
<transl.), Cur. Hist. XIV : 154-7. 

{a) The Republics *of Guatemala, Honduras, and Salvador join 
in a perpetual and indissoluble union, and will henceforth consti- 
tute a sovereign and independent nation under the name Federation 
of Central America. (Art. 1.) 

(b) The contracting States accept then and there as the supreme 
law the constitution *^ which may be framed by the Constituent Na- 
tional Assembly in accordance with the stipulations of this treaty. 
(Art. 2.) 

{c) The constitutions of the contracting States will remain in 
force in so far as they do not conflict with the provisions of the Fed- 
eral constitution. (Art. 3.) 

{d) So long as the Federal Government through diplomatic ac- 
tion shall not have obtained the modification, denunciation, or sub- 
stitution of the treaties in force between the States of the Federa- 
tion and foreign nations, each State shall respect and continue 
faithfully to observe the treaties which bind it to any one foreign 
nation or more to the full extent implied in the existing agreements. 
(Art. 4.) 

{e) This treaty to be final and binding among the contracting 
States when ratified by three of the signatories. The State which 
may not ratify the treaty may join the Federation at any time with- 
out other formalit}^ than the presenting of a law approving this 
treaty, the Federal constitution, and constituent laws. (Art. 18.) 

(/) Extensive and detailed provisions concerning procedure to 
be followed by the Constituent National Assembly in framing the 
Federal constitution, and in the establishment and organization of 
the Federal Government. (Art. 5-21.) 

*9 The Federal constitution was signed 9 Sept.. 1921 (Spanish, Boletin del Conse.io 
Federal, 15 Sept., 1921 ; also El Gnatemalteco, 29 Sept., 1921. See also Diario del 
Centro-America. 24 Sept., 1921.) 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 



HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF TREATIES. 

Even before a law of nations in the modern sense was in existence, treaties 
used to be concluded between States. Among the oldest still in force are those 
of Great Britain with Spain and with Sweden, dating from about the middle of 
the seventeenth century. Until near the close of the eighteenth century, interna- 
tional treaties dealt chiefly with matters relating to peace and war, and even well 
into the nineteenth century they were still largely concerned with subjects of no 
immediate commercial interest. But the changes resulting from the numerous in- 
ventions of the last century created new bonds of union and a greatly intensified 
intercourse between civilized nations. Accordingly, beginning about the middle 
of the nineteenth century, the objects and instruments of commerce and of 
transportation and communication between nations became dominant subjects 
in international treaties. The network of railways which, uninterrupted by 
national boundaries, covers the continents; the telegraph (by wire, cable, or 
wireless) which brings the most distant regions into instantaneous communica- 
tion ; the wide 'diffusion of information by means of newspapers ; and the steam- 
ships which rapidly traverse the ocean in every direction : these and other 
factors have called into existence a world-wide commerce and a consciousness of 
common interests and mutvial interdependence of altogether unprecedented 
extent and intensity. Science, literature, and art, no longer confined within, 
the boundaries of separate States, have become the property of the whole 
human race. Even the former perpetual enmity between Christian and non- 
Christian peoples is disappearing, so that international law no longer governs 
the relations of European States alone, but is recognized as the public law of 
the whole civilized world.^ 

How closely, indeed, the interests of all nations and States are now inter- 
knitted, calling for international regulation, was forcefully illustrated by the 
calamitous world war, which interfered almost as much with the welfare of 
neutrals as with that of belligerents.^ 

Scope and Function of Treaties. — Hand in hand with the increasing com- 
plexity and intimacy of relations between different peoples we find a corre- 
sponding extension of the scope and variety of regulative devices to protect 
the rights and interests of nations and individuals participating in commercial 
and industrial developments on an international scale. Accordingly, inter- 
national treaties exist nowadays in great variety and for innumerable pur- 
poses. As indicating the broad scope of this branch of international law and 
comity, an American authority writing in 1906 estimated that the treaties of 
the United States with other nations then in force exceeded 300 in number, 
and that those in force between the various nations of the earth were not less 
than 8,000.* This number has since been considerably increased. 

1 Satow, II : 361-2. 

^ Oppenheim, League of Nations : 12. 

3 Foster : 244. 

848 



Is'EGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 849 

An examination of these international compacts shows that their scope is 
as wide and diversified as human activities and interests. AVliatever can be 
an object of national activity can also be an object of international treaties. 
The whole field of political, legal, economic, intellectual, physical, social, 
religious, and even esthetic interests of nations is within the scope of inter- 
national treaties. In other words, all the interests which in civilized countries 
are regulated and protected by municipal or national law, may in the relations 
between nations fall within the scope of international law, plus the interests of 
a specifically international character.* 

Moreover, as intercourse between nations becomes more extensive and more 
intimate, the rights, interests, and obligations calling for international regula- 
tion are constantly increasing. Consequently, not only is the scope of inter- 
national engagements growing continually wider, but the regulation of inter- 
national interests in the different countries is growing more uniform. This 
tendency to uniformity is strongest in the laws regulating matters of commerce 
and intercourse between nations, and international treaties are the instruments 
and the form by which local divergencies are gradually abolished and increasing 
uniformity attained. Treaties, therefore, even in their existing imperfect form, 
represent the highest development of international law." 

Treaties as Sources of International Law. — Not only are treaties the most 
extensive and most important branch of international law, they are also its most 
prolific source and the most effective means for realizing uniformity of laws in 
matters of international interest. In the absence of a central authority com- 
petent to legislate for the community of nations as legislatures make law by 
statutes within the States, the only way in which international law can be made 
by a deliberate act, as distinguished from custom or force, is that members of 
the family of nations conclude treaties in which certain rules for their future 
conduct are stipulated. In other words, until there is a permanent organ em- 
powered to legislate for the different nations, international law can be made only 
by contracts, not by legislation. As national statute law is created by parlia- 
ments or legislatures, so international writfen law is created by the law- 
making treaties of the powers.' 

Of course, treaties create law for the contracting parties solely. Their law 
can become universal only if all the members of the family of nations are parties 
to it or tacitly consent thereto. Many law-making treaties, however, contain 
general international lavr, because the majority of States, including leading 
powers, are parties to them. Moreover, general International law continually 
tends to become universal, because States not originally consenting thereto often 
do so later, either by formally acceding to the compact or by express consent or 
by tacit recognition of its rules through the force of custom.' 

Bilateral and Multilateral Treaties. — Commercial treaties are m.ade for the 
guarding of commercial or other nonpolitical interests of States. Many such 
interests depend on special conditions and particular circumstances, calling for 
separate or bilateral treaties between single nations. By far the most numer- 
ous international treaties — say 99 per cent — belong to this class. But there 
are also nonpolitical interests common to all or to many nations, and these can 
better be fostered by a general treaty or union between many countries than by 
separate treaties concluded by individual States. During the second half of 
the 19th century such general or multilateral treaties have been concluded more 

4 Nippold : 272. 

5 Ibid. : 281-2. 

« Oppenheim, League of Nations : 42-3. 
' Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 23-4. 



850 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

and more, and doubtless will become more numerous still as the nations are 
drawn ever closer together by common interests. Multilateral treaties often 
create a union * among the contracting parties, although this term is not 
always employed. 

International Conferences or Congresses. — As a matter of international law, 
there is no essential difference between congresses and conferences. Both are 
meetings of plenipotentiaries for a discussion and settlement of international 
affairs, though conferences have a less formal character than congresses. 
Sometimes, but not always, the members are furnished with special full 
powers." 

ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS OF VALIDITY OF INTERNATIONAL 

CONTRACTS. 

International Treaties and Private Contracts. — Treaties or conventions are 
contracts between States and are comparable in many ways to contracts 
between private individuals. Thus it is essential to the validity of treaties 
that the contracting parties have power over the subject matter, that consent 
be reciprocally and regularly given, and that the object of the treaty be pos- 
sible and lawful under the accepted principles of international law." 

Contracting Capacity of States. — The, treaty-making power is a competence 
attaching to sovereignty. A State therefore possesses this power only in so 
far as it is sovereign, and it depends upon the special case whether and in 
what degree half- and part-sovereign States are competent to conclude treaties 
with other States. There is no hard and fast rule in the matter. The nature 
of the bond uniting members of a confederation or union of States, or joining 
protected or subordinate States to a superior, implies certain restrictions 
regarding their foreign relations, which may withhold, limit, or entirely annul 
their power to make treaties with other States." Thus by the Constitution of 
the United States the States of the Union are forbidden, absolutely, to enter 
into any treaty, alliance, or con-federation, and, without tlie consent of Con- 
gress, to enter into any agreement or compact with another State or with a 
foreign power. (Art. I, sec. 10.) 

Even though constitutionally competent to negotiate treaties with other 
nations, a State may be restricted by international compact regarding its 
freedom of action in matters of commercial policy or in regard to its political 
relations. Thus tlie general act of the Berlin Congo conference of 26 February, 
1885, requires all powers having possessions in the Congo district to grant 
complete freedom of commerce to all nations. (B. F. S. P. 76: 8-10.) Again, 
by the treaty of 22 May, 1903, between the United States and Cuba it is 
stipulated that Cuba " shall never enter into any treaty or other compact with 
any foreign power or powers which will impair or tend to impair the inde- 
pendence of Cuba, nor in any manner authorize or permit any foreign power 
or powers to obtain by colonization or for military or naval purposes, or 
otherwise, lodgment in or control over any portion of said island." (Art. I.) 

** For extended discussions of international unions, see Reinsch and works there cited. 

» For description of procedure to be followed at congresses and conferences, with lists 
of the most important congresses since the middle of the seventeenth century, and of 
conferences held during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, see Satow II : 1-171. 

lOCrandall, sec. 4. 

11 Hall, sec. 108 ; Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 578 ; Crandall, sec. 2. For a full discus- 
sion of the extent and limitations of the treaty-making power as vested in the United 
States Federal Government, see Crandall, sec. 110 ; Moore, V, sec. 736 ; and authorities 
there cited. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 851 

Contracting Agencies of States. — The treaty-making power of all States is 
exercised by their heads, either personally or through representatives ap- 
pointed by these heads, the actual contracting agent being usually the foreign 
minister (chancellor, minister of foreign affairs, secretary of state or grand 
vizier), or whatever his particular title in different countries. But the 
organization and powers of the agencies through which States enter into 
treaties are defined by their fundamental laws or constitutions, and the power 
may be wholly or partly vested in congress, parliament, or other national 
assembly/' Accordingly, to know the powers of the agent with whom negotia- 
tions are conducted requires a knowledge not only of his special mandate and 
powers (the exhibition of which may always be demanded before the opening 
of negotiations), but also a knowledge of the fundamental law or constitution 
of the State he professes to represent and of any limitations which may result 
from incomplete sovereignty/^ 

Meaning of Sovereignty. — There has never been unanijinity in regard to the 
meaning of sovereignty as defined in positive terms. - It of course does not 
mean absolutely boundless liberty of a State to do what it likes without any 
restrictions whatever, but it is a principle of international law that sovereign 
States are restricted only by self-limitations, or by such as result from a 
recognition of like powers in others.^* A distinction must be drawn between 
sovereignty of the State and sovereignty of the agents who exercise the 
sovereign powers of the State. According to the modern view sovereignty is 
a natural attribute of every independent State as a State, and neither the 
monarch nor parliament nor the people can possess any sovereignty of their 
own ; their sovereignty deriving from the sovereignty of the State which is 
governed by them/^ 

Constitutional Restrictions on Heads of States. — Restrictions upon the heads 
of States play a prominent part in the constitutions of most countries. Thus 
the President of the United States is given power under the Constitution to 
make treaties "by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, providing 
two-thirds of the Senators present concur," (Art. II, sec. 2.) 

In France, according to Article VIII of the French constitution, treaties con- 
cerning commerce, finance, and certain other matters are not valid without the 
cooperation of the French Parliament. 

Under the constitution of the German Republic, made effective by executive 
order on 11 August, 1919, " the national President represents the commonwealth 
in matters of international law. He concludes, in the name of the common- 
wealth, alliances and other treaties with foreign powers * * * ^ Alliances 
and treaties with foreign States relating to subjects within the jurisdiction of 
the commonwealth require the consent of the National Assembly." (Art. 45.) 
Even under the constitution of the former German Empire, treaties concerning 
the frontier, commerce, and other specified matters could have no validity with- 
out the cooperation of the Bundesrath and the Reichstag. (Arts. I. IV, 
and XL) 

In England, where the power to conclude treaties is a prerogative of the 
Crown, this power is exercised subject to the collective responsibility of the 
cabinet through one of the principal secretaries of state, to whom is entrusted 
the business of communicating with the representatives of foreign States in 
Great Britain, and with England's representatives in other communities.^^ 

12 Westlake : 290 ; Crandall, sees. 1. 2. 

13 Crandall, sec. 3. 
i*Ibkl., sec. 2. 

1^ Oppenheim, League of Nations :76-7. 
16 Anson, Pt. II : 97. 

54083—22 55 



852 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

On the question of what treaties must be submitted to the British Parliament 
before ratification, Prime Minister Balfour made the following statement with 
reference to the agreement of 8 April, 1904, between England and France respect- 
ing Egypt and Morocco : " I understand that, according to the French constitu- 
tional usage, the agreement must be submitted to their chamber before final rati- 
fication * * *. That is not the constitutional practice in this country. In 
any case, there can be no cession of any territory of His Majesty without the 
consent of Parliament * * *, There are also provisions in the treaty which 
require the voting of money by Parliament. Parliament must be consulted on 
both tliose points. But on other ]>arts of the treaty Parliament need not be 
consulted, though I think it is desirable that the House should have an oppor- 
tunity of discussing so important an international instrument."" 

Freedom of Consent. — Mutual consent is essential to the validity of treaties 
as in private contracts. But consent must be expressed ; a treaty can not be 
concluded by tacit consent. Moreover, in international contracts consent is con- 
s' dered to be freely given, notwithstanding that it may have been obtained by 
force. In the words of an eminent English authority, ''International law re- 
gards all compacts as valid, notwithstanding the use of force or intimidation, 
which do not destroy the independence of the State which has been obliged to 
enter into them. * * * in international law, force and intimidation are 
permitted means of obtaining redress for wrongs, and it is impossible to look 
upon permitted nieans as vitiating the agreement, made in consequence of their 
use, by which redress is provided for." ^* A State can not, therefore, without 
breach of law, ignore or repudiate u treaty made undei- stress of circumstances. 
The obligation of such treaties has been compared witii private contracts made 
to avoid or stop litigation, which are binding upon a party consenting only 
from fear of expense and the uncertain issue of a lawsuit." 

But violence or intimidation used against the pei-son of a negotiator invested 
with power to bind his State would make the treaty invalid, because all con- 
tracts are void which are made under the influence of personal fear. A treaty 
concluded by intimidated or intoxicated, or insane representatives is not binding 
ui)on the State so represented; nor is a treaty binding to which consent was 
given in error, or by fraud of the other party. 

Conformity to International Law. — All agreements at variance with accepted 
and settled principles of international law and their undisputed applications 
are invalid, or at least voidable. The object of a treaty is always an obliga- 
tion, whether mutual between all the parties, or unilateral on the part of only 
one. But the law of nations prohibits some obligations from becoming objects 
of treaties, and compacts comprising obligations of this kind are null and void 
from the beginning. Thus a treaty stipulating an obligation to be performed 
by a third State which is not a party to the treaty would be null and void. 
Again, obligations inconsistent with undertakings under treaties previously 
concluded between the parties can not become the object of a valid treaty Avith 
a third State. Similarly, an agreement asserting proprietary rights over the 
ocean would be invalid, because the freedom of the open seas from appropriation 
is an established principle of international law. 

Other possible objects of treaties are forbidden on moral grounds. Thus an 
alliance to attack a third State without provocation, or for its partition or sub- 
jugation, would be invalid ; as would a convention to establish a slave trade, 

i'^ Pari. Debates, CXXXIII : 207 and 210. For an extended critical discussion of 
tbe making and enforcement of treaties in Great Britain, France, and other foreign States, 
see Crandall. sees. 115-154, and tlie nurflerovis authorities there cited. 

^^ Hall, sec. 108. 

^^Hall, sec. 108; Moore, V. sec. 742. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 853 

because the persounl freedom of ImiiiiUi Ix^ings has heeji a<])nitted by mfxlorn 
civilized .States as a risiht \vluch they ou^ht to iipliohl internationally. 

NEGOTIATION, (CONCLUSION, RATIFICATION, AND PROCLAMATION OF 

TREATIES. 

As it is seldom practicable for the treaty-making organs of different States 
to meet in conference, international compacts are regularly negotiated by 
agents specially appointed for the purpose. The parties to the negotiation 
of a treaty are usually the secretary of state or minister for foreign affairs, 
and the resident ambassador or minister of the country concerned. The diplo- 
matic agent to whom the particular negotiation is entrusted, whether for the 
conclusion of a treaty or convention, or for taking part in a congress or con- 
ference, requires as a general rule a special written authorization called a 
" full power," from the head of the State which he represents, whether Pivsi- 
dent, King, or Emperor, 

Full Powers of Negotiators. — Representatives to negotiate a treaty nuist be 
clothed with what are termed " full powers," and they also receive oral or v,'rit- 
ten, open or secret instructions. Even ambassadors and ministers, although 
supposed to represent the person of their own sovereign and sent abroad with cre- 
dentials w^hich are termed extraordinary and plenipotentiary, do not ordi- 
narily make a treaty without special " full powers " for the particular uegota- 
tion they have in hand ; and the same disability rests upon the secretary of state 
or minister of foreign affairs, who must have special credentials for each treaty 
negotiated."" These precautions indicate the great care and precision exacted 
by Governments in treaty negotiations. 

In the United States the exclusive power of communication with foreign 
States is entrusted to the President, and with him rests the right of determin- 
ing finally on all negotiations to be conducted with foreign powers. Although 
such negotiations are regularly conducted through the Secretary of Stute, in 
legal contemplation they oiiginate with the President, and it is by virtue of 
special powers by him conferred that treaties are signed and ratifications 
exchanged." 

F(dI((Wing is a specimen form employed by the Pres'dent of the United States 
conveying full powei- to sign a ti-eaty : ''^ 

(Name of President.) 

President of the Ignited States of America. 

To all to iclwni these presents shall eonie. gveeiiyuj: i. 

Know ye that, reposing spec-ial trust and confidence in the integrity, pni-' 
dence, and ability of (here insert name and title of plenipotentiary), I have 
invested him with full and all manner of i)ower and authority for and in the 
name of the United States to meet and confer with any person or persons 
duly authorized by tlie Government of (name of other contracting State), being 
invested with like power and authority, and with him or them to negotiate, 
conclude, and sign (here describe nature of contemplated compact), the same 
to be transmitted to the President of the United States for his ratification, by 
and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof. 

20 Foster : 243-8. 

'1 Crandall, sec. 47 ; Foster : 248. 

" For other typical specimens of credentials, full powers, etc., issued by different coun- 
tries to ambassadors, envoys, and ministers, see Satow, T : 100-18. 



854 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TEEATIES« 

In te.sfmony whereof I liave caused tlie . seal of the United States to be 
hereunto affixed. 

[seal.] Given under my hand (insert place and date). 



(Signature of President.) 



(Countersigned by Secretary of State.) 

When representatives are sent to a conference or commissioners are sent to 
meet like commissioners tliey are not provided with credentials to the head of 
the State, but are given full powers, which are exhibited at the first assembling 
and passed under critical scrutiny .^^ 

" In case of urgent need a written international compact between a diplo- 
matic representative of ti>.e United States and a foreign Governm'ent may be 
made in the absence of specific instructions or powers. In such case it is 
prelerable to give to the instrument the form of a sample protocol, and it should 
be expressly statMl in the instrument that it is signed subject to tlie approval 
of the s'gner's Government." ""' 

Need of Ratification Implied. — Notwithstanding that plenipotentiaries are 
thus formally inve.-ted with full povv'ers to conduct and conclude negotiations 
on beluilf of their Government, treaties negotiated by them are subject to 
ratification by the treaty-making organs of the State, even without express 
reservation to that effect made in the treaty or in the full powers, the right of 
ratification being now by the practice of nations read into the full powers of the 
negofators. 

"A treaty or convention always needs ratification by tlie contracting author- 
ities of the parties, whetlier, as is now usual, that necessity is expressly re- 
served in the treaty or not." '^ 

Ratification Essential to Validity. 

" Except when an international contract is personallj^ concluded by a sover- 
eign or other person exercising the sole treaty-making power in a state, or 
when it is made in virtue of a power incidental to an official station and 
within the limits of that power, tacit or express ratification by the supreme 
treaty-mak'ng power of the State is necessary to its validity." ''' It is now the 
practice to make an express reservation of the right of ratification either in the 
" full powers " given to the negotiators, or in the treaty itself. But such a 
reservation has no legal value, ])ecause it does not enlarge the rights which a 
State already possesses in law." 

Nor is the necessity for ratification confined to formal treaties or conven- 
tions. " If any form of international agreement can be imagined in which, or 
as a preliminary to which, the assent of the highest contracting authorities has 
not been assured, it will require, like a treaty, to be ratified in some manner 
by their subsequent assent." ^^ 

Express Waiver of Ratification. — Although it is a universally recognized 
customary rule of international law that treaties are regularly in need of rati- 
fication, even if the latter was not expressly stipulated, there are some excep- 
tions to the rule. Occasionally repre'^entatives of States conclude treaties 
expressly stipulating that the engagements shall be effective from signature 
without ratification. But even in such cases the operation of the treaty is pro- 
visional and subject to the final ratification of the parties; and, in cases of 

" Foster : 248. 

24 Instructions to Diplomatic Officers of the United States, 1897, sec. 243. 

23 Westlake : 290 ; Crandall, sees. 3 and 155. 

2« r-Iall, sec. 110. Compare Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 554. 

27 Hall,, sec. 110. 

28 Westlake : 293. See also Crandall, sec. 6, and Satow, II : 253-4. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIKR. 855 

rejection, acts by either party done in anticipation of a ratification are with- 
•out validity.'" Moreover, it ninst be emphasized tliat nnless the representatives 
had special authorization to dispense with ratification, renunciation of ratifica- 
tion is not binding upon the States which they represent.^ v)pii)ijH 

Refusal of Ratification. — International law imposes no duty upon States to 
ratify treaties made by their lieads or representatives, and in practice ratifi- 
cation is given or witliheld at discretion. In most cases, of course, ratifica- 
tion takes place, since ample opportunity is usually given both parties to see 
that tlie treaty is such as the States are willing to agree to; and moreover, 
legislators are not likely to refuse ratification on frivolous grounds, since the 
State which often or wantonly refused ratification of treaties would soon lose 
credit in international negotiations.^^ 

Effect of Ratification. — The effect of ratification is brietly the binding force 
of the treaty, provided always that the compact is not invalid (»n other grounds, 
and that the original consent was not given in error or under a delusion not 
observed until after ratification. And of course, ratification makes a treaty 
valid even though a State knows that its representatives exceeded their powers 
in concluding the treaty.^' 

Tacit Ratification. — Ratification may be formal and express, or tacit. The 
latter takes place when an agreement is wholly or partly carried out with the 
knowledge and permission of the State which it purports to bind ; or when 
ministers of state and other authorized persons acting for the treaty-making 
power enter into obligations for which express ratification is not required by 
custom, without their action being repudiated as soon as it becomes known to 
the authority in fact capable of definitely binding the State. ^^ 

Reservations, Conditional or Partial Ratification. — Needless to say, ratifica- 
tion can not be conditional or partial ; in such case there is no obligation on the 
other party to enter into fresh negotiations for modificat'on of the treaty.^* 

A recent example is the Hay-Pauncefote treaty of 5 February, 1900, between 
the United States and Great Britain concerning the proposed Nicaragua Canal. 
This was ratified by the United States Senate with modifying amendments, 
whereupon Great Britain, not willing to accept the amendments, considered 
the treaty as fallen to the ground."^ 

But in case of a general treaty to which numbers of nations are parties, a 
State may except certain articles, and if the other powers acquiesce, that State 
is not bound by the articles excepted from ratification ; and similarly, the other 
contracting parties may acquiesce in one of the States ratifying the compact 
on condition that specified interpretations be given to certain clauses or expres- 
sions in the treatj'.^^ 

When Legislative Sanction Required.— This right of ratification or rejection 
of treaties negotiated by agents with full powers assumes special importance 
when the pov/ers and instructions of the plenipotentiaries are given, not by the 
full treaty-making organ of the State, but by one branch of it only, as in the 
United States and other countries where legislative confirmation or authoriza- 
tion is required to make the compact effective. In the United States, for 
instance, a treaty is regularly negotiated on the authority of the President, but 
can be ratified only with the authorization of the Senate. Accordingly, since the 

29Crandall, sec. 155. 

30 Rail, sec. 110 ; Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 555. 

=*i Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 556-7 ; 

32 Ibid. : 5ei. 

33 Hall, sec. 110. 

^ Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 559. 
35 Ibid. : 559-60. 



856 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

organs or agents of a State bind it only within the limits of their constitutional 
conii>etence, it is an implied condition of negotiations that an absolute right of 
rejecting a treaty is reserved to the body the sanction of which is rieeded.^" 

Method of Ratification. — Ratification is a solemn act on the part of a sov- 
ereign or by the president of a republic, l)y which he declares that the treaty, 
coiwention, or other international compact has been submitted to him, and that 
after examining it, he has given his approval thereto, and undertakes its com- 
plete and faithful ol)servance.^^ 

The method of rntification in each coui;try is determined by its constitution 
or established practice, and is regularly consummated by written instruments of 
identical form, exchanged between the contracting parties and signed by tlie 
persons invested with the supreme treaty-making power ; or, where that power 
re[>oses in a bc-dy of persons, by tb.e agent appropriate for the purpose.^* 

The final act of ratification of a treaty is not delegated. In the United 
States it is performed by the President, by and witli the advice and consent 
of the Senate, two-thirds of the Senators present concurring. The authoriza- 
tion of the Senate is a condition pi'ecedent to the validity of the treaty, and is 
regularly given after its negotiation in the form of a i-esolution advising and 
co!>sent ng to the rjitification,^** 

Form of Ratification. — There is no rule of international la-v prescribing a 
necessary form of ratification. Sometimes the entire treaty is recited in the 
ni.tifying documents, and sometimes only the title, preamble, and date of the 
treaty, and the names of the signatory representatives. The essential require- 
ment in a ratifying document is merely that the treaty to be ratified be identi- 
fied clearly and unmistakably.^" 

Following are .spec'men forms used by the Ignited States for the ratification 
of treaties : 

L'ESOI.UTION OF THE SE.\ATE ADVISING AND CONSENTING TO THE RATIFICATION OF 

A TREATY. 

In Executive Session, 
Senate of the United States, 

(Insert date.) 
Resolved (two-thirils of the Senators present concurring therein), That the 
Senate advise and consent to the ratification of the convention (Executive F, 
Sixty-third Congress, second session) signed May 9, 1914. by the plenipoten- 
tiaries of the United States and the Netherlands, extending the duration of 
the arlntration convention between the two counti-ies, concluded May 2. 1908. 



(Signature of Secretary. ) 
Attest : 
In case of conditional or qualified ratification, the same form is used, with 
the addition of an amendment embodying the reservation, condition, or other 
modification, thus : 

36 r-Iall. sec. 110 ; Crandall, sec. 3. 

^ Satow, II : 272-6. 

3«Hall, sec. 110. 

^ Crandall, sec. 48. 

*- Oppenheim. Int. Law, 1 : 557. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 857 

AMENDMKNT. 

Article 2, page 2, line 22, strike out after tlie word "nations" the comma 
t\n(.\ the words " or by statute." 



(Signature of Secivtary.) 

Attest : 

RATIFICATION " BY THE PRESIDENT, 
(Name of President.) 

President of the United States of America. 

To all to whom these presents shall come, greeting: — 

Know ye. that whereas a treaty between the United States of America and 
the Kepubiic of China looking to the advancement of the cause of general 
peace was concluded and sigJied by their respective plenipotentiaries (insert 
place and date of signature), the original of which treaty is hereunto annexed ; 

And, whereas, the Senate of the United States by their resolution of Oc- 
tober 12. 1914 (two-thirds of tlie Senators present concurring), did advise and 
consent to the ratification of the said treaty ; 

Now, therefore, be it known, that I (name of President), I'resident of the 
XTnited States of America, having seen and considered said treaty, do hereby 
in pursuance of the aforesaid advice and consent of the Sen;ite. ratify and 
confirm the same and every article and clause thereof. 

In testimony whereof I have caused the seal of tlie United States to be 
hereunto affixed. 

Given under my hand at (place and date). 



(Signature of President.) 



(Countersigned by Secretary of State.) 

(Here follows text of the treaty.) 

Exchange of Ratifications. — Ratification is considered to be complete only 
when instruments containing ratifications of the respective parties have been 
exchanged.*^ In other vrords, a treaty is not definitely binding until the exchange 
of ratifications has taken place, and is not finally operative before that date. 
This results from the right of ratification, now generally recognized even though 
not expressly reserved in the treaty or full powers of the negotiator, and from 
that principle of mutuality according to which neither party is bound by a 
contract until the other is also." 

The formality of exchange of ratifications is for the plenipotentiary to hand a 
copy of the treaty previously prepared, which has the signatures of the Presi- 
dent and Secretary of State and the great seal attesting its ratification, to the 
plenipotentiary of the other contracting State, and receiving from him a like 
copy which has the signature of the head of his State, so that each Government 
has in its archives its own counterpart with its own ratification, and a copy of 
the treaty with the ratification of the head of the other Government. A protocol 
setting forth the act of exchange of ratifications is drawn up and signed by the 

*^ For other forms of ratification in the languages of different countries, see Satow, 
II : 276-80 ; also Crandall, Appendix II : 638-40. 
*2Hail, sec. 110. 
*3 Crandall, sec. 155. 



858 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

pleiiii30tentiaries. Of course, the pleDipotentiaries authorized to effect the 
exchange of ratifications are not necessarily those who negotiated the compact.** 
Following is a specimen form used by the United States to record an exchange 
of ratifications : , 

PEOTOCOL OF EXCHANGE OF EATIFICATIONS. 

The undersigned plenipotentiaries, having met for the purpose of exchanging 
the ratifications of a treaty signed at (name, place, and date), between the 
United States of America and the French Republic, to facilitate the settlement of 
disputes, and the ratifications of the treaty aforesaid having been carefully 
compared and found exactly conformable to each other, the exchange took place 
this day in the usual form. 

In witness whereof they have signed the present protocol of exchange and 
have affixed their seals thereto. 

Signed at (name, place, and date). 

(Seal.) 

(Seal.) . ■ 

(Signatures.) 

But the exchange of ratifications is more than a mere form ; it is the mutual 
communication of ratification and final acceptance of the treaty by the contract- 
ing parties, and the acknowledgment by each that the ratification of the other 
is in due form. 

Proclamation of Treaties. — In the United States, where a treaty has the 
force of a legislative enactment, it becomes a law of the land affecting the rights 
of individuals only upon the exchange of ratifications and proclamation by the 
President.^^ Following is a form of proclamation used l)y the United States : 

" By the President of the United States of America. 

" A PROCLAMATION. 

" Whereas a convention between the United States of America and the King- 
dom of Sweden defining the rights, privileges, and immunities of consular officers 
was concluded and signed by their respective plenipotentiaries at (name, place 
and date), the original of which convention, being in the English and Swedish 
languages, is word for word as follows: [Here follows the text of the conven- 
tion.] 

"And whereas the said convention has been duly ratified on both parts and 
the ratifications of the two Governments were exchanged in (name, place and 
date). 

" "Now, therefore, be it known that I [name of President], President of the 
United States of America, have caused the said convention to be made public, 
to the end that the same and every article and clause thereof may be observed 
and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof." *' 

Accession or Adhesion to Treaties. — Treaties or conventions to which num- 
bers of nations are parties, and which by their subject may be applicable to 
other States besides the original contracting parties, usually provide for the 
accession or adhesion of other powers, the procedure to be followed being gen- 
erally stated in the text of the treaty. The distinction between " accession " and 

4^ Foster : 280-1. 
*^ Crandall, sec. 156, 

^s For a form of proclamation embodying statements regarding conditional ratification, 
etc., see U. S. For. Rel., 1911 : 318-19, 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 859 

" adhesion '" is one made in tlieory to wliieli practice frequently does not corre- 
spond/' In tlie United States snch conventions liave to follow the usual course 
of submission to the Senate for its advice and consent, of accession in the proper 
form, and proclamation by the President.*^ 

Of course, in the case of multilateral treaties the procedure for exchanjje of 
ratifications is somewhat different from that described above for treaties be- 
tween two States only. As a rule, only one original text is signed by all the 
plenipotentiaries, which is deposited in the archives of the State where' signed. 
The other contracting States then send their instruments of ratification to the 
Government of that State, which notifies the accessions, withdrawals, etc., to all 
the contracting parties, and sends a copy of the whole record to each. 

TYPES AND FORMS OF INTERNATIONAL COMPACTS. 

Treaties may be classified in a variety of ways, as regards their form, objects, 
effects, etc., or with reference to the parties thereto. But although some writers 
have devoted considerable space to the subject, leading contemporary authorities 
declare all attempts at classification to have failed hitherto, and that existing 
classifications are of little theoretical or practical use.** 

Form Not Essential to Validity. — Usage has not prescribed any particular 
form for the conclusion and vali'dity of a binding contract between nations. 
Generally, of course, international contracts are consigned to writing, and take 
the form of a specific agreement signed by both parties or by persons duly 
authorized on their behalf. But writing is not a necessary condition to their 
validity. From the moment that consent on both sides is clearly established, 
by whatever means it may be shown, a treaty exists of which the obligatory 
f^rce is complete. For certain limited purposes international contracts may 
even be made by signal, as when the exhibition of white flags by both of two 
hostile armies establishes a truce. However, in view^ of the frequent changes 
in the personnel of the agencies through which treaties are concluded, and tlie 
difiiculty of confirming oral utterances of a State by means of witnesses, writ- 
ten instruments are always employed when possible, if only as a matter of 
prudence.^" 

Forms and Titles of International Contracts. — International engagements 
are recorded in a variety of shapes and nnder a great diversity of titles or 
designations, according to the circumstances of the case or the purpose 
in view, such as treaty, convention, agreement, arrangement, declaration, 
additional articles, protocol, proces-verbal, exchange of notes, acte final or acte 
general, modus vivendi, etc. Which of these forms shall be adopted in a par- 
ticular case depends partly on custom and partly on convenience; but neither 
name nor form makes any essential difference to their validity or binding force.' 

Treaties and Conventions." — A comparison of the- existing compacts between 
nations shows that the form most usually adopted is that of the treaty or con- 
vention ; these terms being generally used without aiiy clear distinction, as the 
instruments so designated do not differ essentially in any important respect, 
either in form, procedure, or content. ''" 

*' Oppenheim, Int. Law, I : 569. For specimen forms of accessions to international 
conventions, etc., see Satow, II : 282-8. 

■"» Foster : 282. 

"" Westlake : 283 ; Oppenheim, Int. Lav,% 1:517-18; also Hall, sec. 117, and works 
there cited. 

^'^Hall, sec. 109; Crandall, sec. 6. 

51 For use of the designation treaty or convention in compacts to which the United 
States is a party,, see Crandall, sec. 6. 



860 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TKEATIES. 

The structural parts of a typical treaty or convention may be shown by 
analyzing two recent examples to wiiich the United States is ti party, namely, 
our treaty of commerce and navigation with Japan, signed 21 February, 1911, 
and the convention of. 7 July, 1911, between the United States, Great Britain, 
Russia, and Japan for the preservation and protection of fur seals. 

In the first place, treaties or conventions contain a preamble, which includes 
the following items : 

(a) Names and titles of the contracting parties. 

(&) A statement of the reason or purpose of the compact. 

(c) Names and official designations of the plenipotentiaries appointed by the 
contracting parties. 

(d) A statement that the plenipotentiaries, after communicating to each 
other their respective full powers, found to be in good and due form, have 
agreed upon the following articles. 

Then follow the various stipulations or substantive articles of the treaty^ 
usually concluding with provisions regarding its ratification, duration, and 
manner of termination. 

Finally, the treaty or convention concludes with a statement that the pleni- 
potentiaries have affixed their signatures and seals at the place and on the 
date therein named. 

But, although these formalities are usually observed, a treaty no less perfect 
may be effected by any of the instruments mentioned hereunder, if authorized 
by the full treaty-making organs of States with power over the subject matter! 

Exchanges of Notes. — Contracts between States are often concluded by an 
exchange of diplomatic notes, usually signed by the secretary of state or foreign 
minister of the country in which the negotiation is carried on, and by the am- 
bassador of the other country ; generally on the same date, though sometimes 
with a short interval between them. 

The following are frequent and typical subjects of an exchange of diplo- 
matic notes concerning commercial matters : 

Reciprocal protection of trade-marks, patents, etc. ; treatment of commercial 
travelers' samples; consular fees on certificates of origin; admission to coast- 
ing trade; special customs duties; reciprocal most-favored-nation treatment; 
establishing or prolonging a provisional commercial modus vivendi pending 
conclusion of a treaty or convention ; renewing, confirming, extending, or ex- 
plaining former treaties or portions thereof. Numerous examples of inter- 
national engagements made by exchange of notes are contained in this handbool^. 

Declarations, Agreements, and Arrangements.— International agreements in- 
volving matters of the highest importance are sometimes recorded in the form 
of a declaration, which may be described as the title of a body of stipulations 
by which the parties engage to pursue in future a certain line of conduct. 
Declarations of this kind differ in no essential respect from treaties. A well- 
known example is the Declaration of Paris of 1865, made after the Crimean 
War, by which it was sought to introduce uniformity into the usages of mari- 
time warfare. In matters of commerce and navigation, the form of declaration, 
whether as a separate instrument or annexed to a treaty, is often employed 
to serve the same purpose as an exchange of notes. 

Following are typical subjects of such declarations: Duration or operation 
of a previous treaty ; regulation of trade and commerce ; special customs treat- 
ment of patterns and samples imported by commercial travelers ; customs and 
transit duties ; correcting errors in previous compacts ; amending earlier treaties 
to permit withdrawal of colonies; fixing rights of joint-stock companies; and 
numerous similar matters. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 861 

As ill tlie case of (ri)U)innf c notes, (lechutitions of this kimi often re(nii"e no 
ratitication, the ct)neurrenee of tlie lii^best C'ontrac'tin;^- autliorities bein.ti; other- 
wise assured. •'■>'' 

The same absence of strict formality is often a[>i)arent in compacts ent tkvl 
agreements or arrangements, wliich indeed are frequently effected by a simple 
exchange of notes, especially when relating to commercial matters. Occa- 
sionally, however, they are made subject to the approval of the Governments 
concerned, while others requ re formal ratiMcation, aceording to circumstances. 
That the.se instruuients, under various titles, are su!)stantially the same hi 
sho^^^l by the fact that the English " agreement " is found translated in the 
corresponding foreign texts by the French "arrangement" and "accord"; by 
the German " Uebereinkunft," " Vereinbarung." and " Abkonimen " ; by the 
Spanish "Acuerdo," " Convenio," "Tratado," or even " Protocolo " ; and by the 
Italian " Convenzione." 

As in the case of a declaration or exchange of notes, the subject matter of 
agreements or arrangements may vary greatly iii character and importance, 
the following being typical examples: Tlegistratii>n of trade-marks; establish- 
ment of telegraphic cables; repi-ession of obscene pul)l cations ; reciprocal pro- 
tecfon of young workers; customs treatment of commercial travelers' samples; 
consular jurisdiction; prohibition of false indications of origin on goods; modi- 
ficat'on of earlier conventions ; opium traffic ; and commercial relations gen- 
erally. ^^ 

Modus Vivendi. — Another des:'gnation occasionally applied to commercial 
arrangements between nations is modus vivendi,^' meaning a temporary and 
provisional agreement usually intended to be replaced later on by a more 
detailed or more permanent compact. As regards its form, this sometimes con 
sists of an agreement signed by both parties, or even of a convention, but more 
often of an exchange of notes. 

Protocol Final, Acte Final. — These terms are used in various meanings. 
During a congress or a conference between plenipotentiaries, no matter for 
what purpose, or during negotiations for a treaty, the discussions of each sitting 
and the results arrived at are set down in a document called a protocol or pro- 
ces verbal, and when it is desired to hold negotiators to the vifews expressed 
in the course of debate the protocol may be s'gned by them. Protocols of this 
kind, though not themselves agreements between nations, may nevertheless 
have important bearing on the character of the resulting compact, because 
when reservations and interpretations are thus recorded and signed by the 
negotiators, the simple exchange of ratifications of the compact will leave the 
benefit of them to the party on whose behalf they were made.^'^*^ 

Sometimes on conclusion of a treaty, observations, declarations, or explana- 
tory notes are added to elucidate the text of the convention agreed on, and these 
are recorded in a final protocol or protocol de cloture, which is made part of 
the compact. But the form of a protocol is also frequently used to record 
international arrangements more or less independent of other compacts, and 
is the usual instrument for recording the ratification of treaties." 

A similar document is the acte final ^' or final instrument, sometimes called 
acte general,®' which winds up proceedings of a congress or conference, supplying 

» Westlake : 293. For specimen texts of declarations and notes, see Satow, II : 215-22 
and 253-4. 

" For specimen texts of agreements, arrangements, etc., see Satow, II : 223-34. 

^ For specimen texts and examples of its various uses, see Satow, II : 267-70. 

» Westlake : 291 ; Hall, sec. 109 ; Foster : 246. 

"For different meanings of the term "protocol," its various uses, and the divergent 
practice as regards necessity for ratification, full powers, etc., see Satow, II : 235-52. 

** For specimen texts, see Satow II : 211-13. 



862 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

a summary of the separate treaties or conventions adopted, and usually declar- 
ing that the separate compacts or other matters annexed to the treaty have the- 
same force as if textually included therein. 

Other titles or designations applied to international compacts of commercial 
interest, such as additional articles, supplementary convention, consular conven- 
tion, preferential tariff agreement, reciprocity convention^ etc., are self-explana- 
tory, and call for no further remarks in this place. 

Capitulations. — This somewhat Deculiar and — in its commercial sense — obso- 
lescent form of international compact was originally a military agreement 
dealing with the surrender of armies, towns, fortresses, etc., into the hands 
of the enemy, but in course of time has been made applicable to commercial and 
other matters independently of military operations. It is the term applied ta 
treaties made prior to the present century between Christian nations and the 
Ottoman Empire, relating especially to the privileges, prerogatives, and immuni- 
ties granted to Chris-tians resident in Turkey .^^ 

CONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION OF TREATIES. 

The Language of Treaties. — The language used in diplomatic intercourse was 
formerly Latin ; under Louis XIV it became French. But this is only a usage 
of diplomacy, not a rule of international law. Each State can use its own 
language in all official communications to other States, and nations having the 
same language regularly do so in their intercourse with each other. At con- 
ferences and congresses French is generally used as a matter of convenience^ 
because it is widely known. But nothing could prevent diplomats dropping 
French at any moment and using another language instead. ^'° 

Treaties between two countries are usually expressed in the languages of the 
contracting parties, though sometimes there is a single French text in two 
counterparts, each party preparing the countei-part to be deposited in its 
national archives. If there are more than two contracting parties there may be 
one counterpart for ea^h, or r single original signed by all, of which a ratified 
copy is delivered to each party.^^ 

Occasionally it is expressly agreed in tbe treaty which text, in case of conflict, 
shall be decisive, but in the absence of any such expressed agreement, though 
each government is naturally disposed to adhere to the text in its own language^ 
the prevailing opinion is that the texts should be construed collectively when- 
ever possible, preferring neither one to the other, since each is an original. '^ 

Rules of Construction and Interpretation.^' — The interpretation and construc- 
tion of treaties has been considered at much length by many writers on inter- 
national law, and rules of construction have been elaborated with painstaking 
care. But the value of many of these rules for practical use seems doubtful. 
As yet there are few, if any, universally recognized rules of international law 
concerning interpretation and construction of treaties, and many international 
disputes in the past have been due to this fact. " There is no place for the 
refinement of courts in the rough jurisprudence of nations." ®^ Each nation 
applies to international statutes those rules of interpretation and constructjLon 

^^ For the history and present significance of capitulations, see Calvo : 62 ; I'oster : 245 * 
Hall, sec. 10, note. 

60 Oppenheim, Int. Law, 1 : 439. 

61 Satow. II : 176-7. 

62 For a discussion of discrepancies between texts, see Crandall, sec. 169, and judicial 
decisions there cited. 

esHall, sec. 712. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 863 

which are valid for the interpretation and construction of its municipal or 
national statutes. The application of in<lependent rules of construction by- 
different nations is well illustrated by the American interpretation of the 
most-favoreJ-nr.tion clause,"'* which appears in a variety of forms in most of the 
<!ommercial treaties of the 19th century. 

Disputed Interpretations of Treaties. — In the case of contracts between indi- 
viduals, either party may of right compel the submission of a disputed inter- 
pretation to an independent tribunal for adjudication. No such legal right 
exists as between independent States, except by agreement between the parties. 
In the absence of such an agreement, either party to the treaty determines for 
itself in last resort the meaning of the terms of its own obligation, and the only 
remedy open to the aggrieved party is a recourse to force or to a denunciation 
of the treaty. This results from the fact that the contracting parties are 
sovereign States over which, no tribunal except by their own consent exercises 
a jurisdiction to determine issues between them. As the contracting parties 
determine for themselves the terms of their own contract, it is peculiarly the 
duty of each to act in the utmost good faith.''" 

Arbitration of Disputes. — Although sovereign States are not legally bound, 
except by their own consent, to submit to arbitration of controversies arising in 
the interpretation of treaties, the powers which are parties to the convention of 
18 October, 1907, concluded at the second international peace conference, in- 
cluding the United States, formally declared that " in questions of a legal nature, 
and especially in the interpretation or application of international conventions, 
arbitration is recognized by the contracting powers as the most effective, ana at 
the same time the most equitable, means of settling disputes which diplomacy 
Ms failed to settle." (Art. 38. United States Tr. II : 2234.) 

A similar declaration is incorporated in the covenant of the Lieague of Nations, 
and the members of the league agree to submit to arbitration disputes between 
them " as to the interpretation of a treaty, as to any question of international 
law, as to the existence of any fact which, if established, would constitute a 
breach of any international obligation, or as to the extent and nature of the 
reparation to be made for any such breach." * * * (Art. 13.) 

Moreover, numerous bilateral conventions are in force between different 
States by which tbey have bound themselves to submit differences to arbitration, 
and many commercial treaties contain a clause providing for arbitration of 
disputes regarding interpretation or application of the treaty in question. 

OPERATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF TREATIES. 

Date of Taking Effect. — As a compact between States, a treaty is not defi- 
nitely and finally operative until the exchange of ratifications has taken place. 
Even if it is expressly provided in the treaty that it shall go into effect imme- 
diately upon its signature, its operation is provisional a;rid subject to the final 
ratification of the parties; and, in case of rejection, acts by either party done 
in anticipation of a ratification are without validity .'^'^ 

Effect of Treaties on Subjects of the Parties. — The binding force of treaties 
primarily concerns the contracting States only, and not their subjects, unless 

«* See p. 3, above ; also U. S. Tariff Commission, Reciprocity, etc. : 18, 20, 39-42, 389- 
456. For a full discussion of the jurisdiction of Federal courts of suits arising under 
treaties of the United States, see Crandall, sees. 111-114. As to what questions regard- 
ing interpretation of treaties are for the courts and what questions for the political 
departments in the United States, see Crandail, sec. 163, and the numerous citations 
there given. 

es Crandall, sec. 160. 

^^ For a discussion of conditions under which the exchange of ratifications has a retro- 
active effect as to the rights of the contracting parties, confirming them as of the date on 
which the treaty was signed, see Crandall, sees. 155-9, and authorities there cited. 



864 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL. TREATIES. 

otherwise provided by law in a given country. If treaties contain stipuiations 
regarding rights and duties of subjects, courts, officials, etc., the contracting 
States must tal^e the necessary steps, according to their municipal or national 
law, to make these stipulations binding upon their subjects, courts, officials, 
etc. Mere publication of the treaty may suffice in some cases ; in others special 
statutes may be required to be enacted by the respective legislatures.*^ 

Legislation to Make Treaty Stipulations Efifective. — Stipulations of treaties 
may be self-executing, or they may, either by their terms or from their nature, 
require legislative action to give them full effect. In the United States self- 
executing provisions in treaties have themselves the force and effect of a legis- 
lative enactment; but stipulations requiring legislative action to make them 
operative must be enacted by Congress before they can be enforced in the courts; 
and such legislation is as much subject to modification and repeal as legisla- 
tion on any other matter.®® 

Operation of Treaties as Municipal Law.— Article \ I of the Constitution of 
the United States provides that: 

" This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made 
in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made or which shall be made under the 
authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the 
judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or 
laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding." 

Accordingly, treaties made under the authority of the United States operate 
proprio vigore as laws. 

The primary purpose of this clause in the Constitution, declaring treatie-s 
to be the supreme law of the land, was to insure their faithful observance 
without the aid or intervention of legislation on the part of the States;" and it 
is now well established that a treaty duly made under the authority of the United 
States is as much a part of the law of every State as its own local laws' and 
constitution, and in case of conflict the treaty nmst prevail." 

Effect of Treaties Upon Third States. — As a rule, neither rights nor duties 
arise under a treaty for third States nhich are not parties to it. Nevertheless^ 
third parties may be affected by such treaties in a variety of ways. Thus, a 
commercial treaty granting more fa>'ora)^le conditions than were previously 
conceded by the country in question must affect all third States having com- 
mercial treaties with that country containing the most-favored-nation clause. 
In other cases rights are expressly created for third States not parties to the 
compact. Thus, the treaty of 1903 between the United States and Panama 
stipulates thnt the Canal shall be open to vessels of commerce and of war of all 
nations, and a similar provision respecting the Straits of Magellan is contained 
in the treaty of 1881 between Argentina and Chile. Whether or not third States 
may acquire rights under such treaties so as to require their consent before the 

*' Oppenheim. Int. Law, 1 : 566. 

es 124 U. S., 194. 

^ Crandall. sec. 70. 

^0 173 U. S., 501, 508. For a full discussion of the question what provisions in 
treaties in the United States require legislative action to make them operative, see Cran- 
dall. sees. 74-104, where the precedents and authorities are examined under the followingf 
beads : 

(a) Treaties involving an appropriation, sees. 74-81. 

(ft) Treaties involving a modification of the revenue laws, sees. 82—9. 

(c^ Treaties for the acquisition and cession of territory, sees. 90-99. 

(cl) Extradition of fugitives from justice, sec. 100. 

(p^> Apprehension of deserting seamen, sec. 101. 

( ') .Tnrisdiction of foreign consuls, sec. 102. 

(o) Protection of industrial property, sec. 103. 

(h) Miscellaneous cases, sec. 104. "' ' — . , ^ 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES. 8(35 

contractiii,ir parties could repeal or alter treaty stipulations of this kind, is 
apparently not well settled.'^ 

Enforcement of Treaties. — Kefore there was juiy international law in the 
modern sense of tlie term treaties were considered sacred and hindintr on account 
of reliijions and moral sentiment." It was therefore generally attempted to 
ensure execution and ohservance of promises hetween States hy swearing solemn 
oaths, though other means were also employed, such as pledging securities and 
giving hostages or other guarantees. That the moral sanction of treaties has 
on the whole hecn a forceful factor in the affairs of Nations is shoM'n by the 
pains with which States as well as all individuals with self-respect attempt to 
explain away charges of breach of faith. If the fact of breach were determined 
always by an independent and im])artial tribunal" recognized as such by the 
parties, this moral sanction ^A•ould be greatly strengthened, for manifestly no 
nation can maintain treaty relations and a standing with other nations and per- 
sistently refuse to abide by its promises.^* 

DURATION, TERMINATION, AND RENEWAL OF TREATIES. 

Duration of Treaties. — Treaties may be concluded for a limited or an un- 
limited number of years, and are sometimes maintained in force for long periods 
of time. Thus Great Britain has treaties still in force with certain European 
countries — Sweden. Denmark, and Spain — dating back to near the middle of 
the seventeenth century, and a convention of conunerce and navigation ^^ ith the 
United States which was signed 3 July, 1815. 

The date on which a treaty is to become effective may be, and usually is, tixed 
by express provision. The contracting countries may even agree to give the 
treaty a retrospective operation regarding matters anterior to its date.^' 

Extinction of Treaties. — International contracts are extinguished when their 
objects are satislied or when a state of things arises through which they become 
void. When treaties are concluded for a fixed time their objects are satisfied 
as soon as the stipulated period has elapsed. If made without reference to time, 
their objects are satisfied when the acts stipulated have been performed, as 
when one State engages to pay another a sum of money and payment is made. 

When Treaties Become Void. — The conditions under which treaties may 
become void are stated by a leading authority as follows : 

(n) By mutual consent of the parties, shown either tacitly l)y the conclusion 
of a new treaty inconsistent \Aith tliat already existing or shown expressly by 
declaration of nullity. 

(b) Express renunciation by one of tlie parties of advantages taken under ii. 

(c) By denunciation, when this right has been expressly reserved, or wiien 
from the nature of its contents rhe treaty is \-oidable at the will of one of the 
parties. 

{(I) If execution of the compact has become impossible, as when a State is 
bound by an offensive and defensive alliance witli both of two States which 
engage in hostilities with one another. 

"^ Oppenheim, Int. Law, I : .564 ; also Hall, sec. 114. 

■^2 Oppenheim, Int. Law, I : 517. 

^3 Thp permanent court of international justice recently established under the auspices 
of the League of Nations is competent to hear and determine anj^ dispute of an inter- 
national character which the parties thereto submit to it. and may also give an advisory 
opinion upon any dispute or question referred to it by the council or by the assembly of 
the league. (L. N. Gov., Art. 14.) This court is available to any counUy. whether -a,- 
member of the League of Nations or not. See No. .500 in this volume. 

^* Crandall, sec. 7. 

''• Crandall, sec. 155. 



866 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

(e) When an express condition on wliich continuance of the obligation is 
made to depend ceases to exist. 

if) Incompatibility with a change in undisputed law, or in universally 
accepted moral ideas, as, for example, stipulations relating to traffic in slaves." 

When Treaties Are Voidable.— It is difficult, not to say impossible, to lay 
down precisely the conditions under which a treaty becomes voidable, or, in 
other words, the conditions under which one of the contracting parties acquires 
the right of declaring itself freed from the obligation under which it has placed 
itself. « / 

Of course neither party to the contract can make its binding effect dependent 
at will upon conditions other than those contemplated at the moment when the 
contract was entered into ; and, on the other hand, a contract ceases to he bind- 
ing as soon as anything which formed an implied condition of its binding force 
at the time of its conclusion is essentially altered. This is the notorious prin- 
ciple or customary rule of international law known as " conventio omnis intelli- 
gltur rehus sic stantihus,'" according to which a vital change of circumstances 
after ratification of a treaty may be of such a kind as to justify a party in 
demanding to be released either from the whole treaty or from certain obliga- 
tions stipulated in it. As the term " vital change of circumstances " is elastic,' 
tions stipulated in it. As the term " vital change of circumstances " is 
elastic, . . . there is great danger that tlie principle will be abused for the 
purpose of hiding the violation of treaties behind the shield of law." 

Effect of Changes in Form of Government, or in State Entity. — A treaty is 
a compact between States, not between forms of government. Its obligation 
therefore in general does not depend on the continuance of the particular form 
of government under which it happened to be concluded. The effect upon trea- 
ties of the extinction, annexation, separation, or other changes affecting the 
entity of States depends upon the particular case, and on the character of the 
treaties concerned. As a general rule, the following principles apply. The ob- 
ligation of a treaty, as distinguished from rights already conveyed or trans- 
ferred under it, comes to an end upon the extinguishment of one of the con- 
tracting parties, with consequent loss of power to perform. As a broad prin- 
ciple, the territory of the annexed or incorporated State becomes impressed with 
the treaties of the acquiring State so far as locally applicable. A State formed 
by separation from another, whether the personality of the original State still 
exists or is completely lost by disintegration, succeeds to such treaty burdens of 
the parent State as are permanent and attached to the territory embraced in the 
new State.'^ 

Termination of Treaties by Agreement.— A treaty supersedes all preexisting 
treaties between the same parties inconsistent with its provisions. As nations 
may by mutual agreement annul treaties binding on them, so a jirovision may be, 
and often is. inserted in the treaty itself, by which the contracting parties agree 
that it may be terminated by notice of the one given to the other. The period 
of time specified in the treaty, which is to elapse between the date of giving the 
notice and the final termination of the treaty, has in the various notices given 
by the United States been reckoned from the date when the notice, was presented 
at the foreign office of the other contracting party.''^ 

Repeal of Treaty as Municipal Law in the United States. — It is well estab- 
lished that an act of Congress approved by the President may terminate the 
operation of a prior treaty as a law binding on the courts.*" But of course the 

^«Hall. sec. 116. 

^"^ Oppenheim, League of Nations : 69 ; Hall, sec. 116, and authors there cited. 

'^^ Crandall, sec. 179. 

■^^ For a statement of precedents followed in the United States, see Crandall, sees. 183-4. 

^ Crandall, sec. 186, and decisions there cited. 



NEGOTIATION AND OPERATION OF TREATIES, 867 

operation of the treaty as a immicipal law must not be confused with the obli- 
gation of the inteiMiational contract, wliich can not be tluis terminated by an 
act of one only of the parties. 

Effect of War Upon Treaties. — The outbrealc of war, besides calling into 
existence a number of positive rights concerning the relations of States, has 
the negative effect of abrogating and suspending treaties of certain kinds, and 
of interrupting or ending all nonhostile relations between subjects of the bel- 
ligerent States, What kinds of treaties are annulled or suspended by war, and 
what treaties remain in force during its continuance or revive at its conclu- 
sion, is one of the most unsettled subjects of international law. The old rule 
that all treaties are annulled by war has been abandoned in the recent practice 
of States, and apparently no general rule can be framed to which there will not 
be numerous exceptions, the effect of war upon any particular treaty de]:>ending 
in the first instance on the character of the treaty in question. 

Certain clauses of treaties should obviously not be considered as abrogated, 
or even suspended, by war between the parties concerned, such as compacts ex- 
pressly concluded in contemplation of war for the purpose of regulating bel- 
ligerent operations and in derogation of belligerent rights, or stipulations re- 
garding length of time allowed to subjects of either nation to quit the territory 
of the other in the event of war between the two countries, and similar provi- 
sions often found in commercial treaties. 

Moreover, treaties affecting rights of third States, like the numerous multi- 
lateral treaties to which numbers of nations are parties, should not be consid- 
ered as annulled during war, but at most temporarily suspended as between the 
belligerent members. " Nobody would hold that powers at war do not have a 
perfect right to send representatives to the conferences of the international 
unions of which they are members -^ ^- -^ Every reason, therefore, exists 
for excepting the conventions of unions from the rule that a declaration of war 
effects the annulment of treaties." si 

Finally, treaties which are fully executed, such as conventions imposing pay- 
ment of money and payment made; or a treaty conceding territory and sov- 
ereignty assumed under it ; likewise acts previously done or rights already 
transferred under sanction of a treaty; these are not annulled by a state of 
war. In all such cases, the title rests on a completed act, and not on a treaty 
obligation of which the liability is still continuing. 

The above examples show clearly that the general rule that treaties are ter- 
minated by war has many exceptions, and since the law on the subject has not 
been definitely settled, prudence and caution have led to the general though 
not uniform practice of making express provision in treaties of peace for re- 
newal or confirmation of such treaties existing before the war as the parties 
may agree to continue.*^ 

Renewal of Treaties. — An extinguished treaty may be renewed by express or 
tacit consent. In the case of most treaties, however, it would be unsafe to as- 
sume their tacit renewal unless something was done or permitted which it can 
not be supposed would be done or permitted without such an equivalent as 
that provided in the treaty concerned. Tacit consent must, therefore, show 
the intention of the parties in an unmistakable manner.*^ 

81 Reinsch : 169. 

82 Oakes and Mowat : 1 ; Crandall, sec. 181 ; also Westlake : 298. For a review of 
the opinions of leading writers regarding the effect of war upon treaties and the diverging 
practice of States at the conclusion of recent wars, see Hall, sec. 12.5 : also Reinsch : 
169-76, and works there cited. 

83 Hall, sec. 117, and authors there cited. 

54083—22 56* 



APPENDIX. 



EUROPEAN ' CONVENTIONAL TARIFF TREATIES AND TREA- 
TIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN 
REGARD TO CUSTOMS DUTIES. 

IN FORCE JULY 28, 1914, AND MARCH 1, 1922. 

In 1914, at the outbreak of the war, the tariff relations of 10 
European countries, and of Japan, were regulated by treaties having 
tariff schedules annexed which granted lower rates of duty than the 
general tariff' schedules in force for each country. The following 
countries used the conventional tariff system : Austria-Hungary, Bul- 
garia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Rumania, Russia, Serbia, Sweden, 
and Switzerland. 

Four European countries (France, Montenegro, Norwa}^, and Spain) 
used a double tariff system with fixed '' general" and '^ minimum," 
or ''first and second column," rates. 

Six European countries (Belgium, Denmark, Great Britain, Nether- 
lands, Portugal, and Turkey) had single tariffs. 

Germany also had a few minimum rates, and Portugal a few con- 
ventional rates. Great Britain alone had free trade, with the ex- 
ception of a few duties for revenue. i» 

The conventional tariff system was therefore the predominating 
system in Europe before the war, and by operation of the most- 
favored-nation clause in commercial treaties these conventional tar- 
iffs were automatically extended to all countries with which most- 
favored-nation treaties had been concluded. 

In 1917 and 1918 a number of European countries denounced their 
commercial treaties in anticipation of greatly changed conditions 
after the war. 

FRANCE in 1918 announced her intention of terminating all her 
commercial treaties ''containing the general clause regarding the 
most-favored-nation or the consolidation of tariffs." All these trea- 
ties, however, were later prorogued indefinitely, subject to termina- 
tion on three months' notice, except those with Canada (which have 
been replaced by a new tariff agreement), the treaty with Great-; 
Britain regarding the Seychelles Islands, and the agreement of 1893'^ 
with Spain. 

GREECE in 1919 and 1920 denounced her treaties with Great 
Britain, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States. 

ITALY in 1917 denounced her treaties with France, Greece, Japan, 
Rumania, Russia, Serbia, Spain, and Switzerland. The only ones 

1 Japan is the only non-European country which has the general and conventJr.^al larilT system, and 
her treaties are therefore included in tMs list 

869 



870 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

actually terminated, however, were those with Rumania, Russia, 
Spain, and Switzerland, the others being prorogued and made ter- 
minable on three months' notice at any time. 

RUMANIA denounced many of her treaties in 1921. All her con- 
ventional tariff treaties have been terminated, except those with 
Belgium and Great Britain, which will terminate April 19, 1922. 
After that date the products of all countries will be subject in Ru- 
mania to the rates of the general tariff. 

RUSSIA. — The provisional Russian government in 1917 denounced 
its treaties with Belgium, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, 
Norway, and Spain. lui*;; 

SPAIN in 1918 denounced her conventional tariff treaties vrith 
Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland. These 
tariff treaties were, however, prorogued from tiniie to time, and 
after the coming into effect of the provisional new Spanish tariff of 
May, 1921, were replaced by provisional modi vivendi granting 
minimum rates of the Spanish tariff in return for most-favored- 
nation treatment. New provisional agreements were made in 
January and February, 1922. At the present time (March, 1922) 
the products of France and of Switzerland are subject to maximum 
rates. Norway receives, under a temporary agreement, a rate 
slightly higher than the minimum schedule. Permanent arrange- 
ments are being worked out between these countries and Spain. 

PEACE TREATIES. 

Austria, in her treaty of peace, pledges, until July 16, 1923, 
rates conventionalized by treaties in force July 28, 1914, with the 
Allied and Associated Powers, on certain products imported from 
Allied and Associated States. 

Germany, in the treaty of Versailles, pledges to the Allied and 
Associated Powers, until January 10, 1923, the rates applicable to 
certain products on July 31, 1914. 

Bulgaria, by her treaty of peace, conceded until August 9, 1921, 
the most-favored-nation duties applicable to the Allied and Asso- 
ciated Powers on July 28, 1914. Agreements of Bulgaria made in 
1920 with the United States, Germany, Hungary, and Spain granted 
most-favored-nation treatment to these countries. In July, 1921, 
Bulgaria announced that after August 9, 1921, all favored-nation, 
treatment would cease with regard to all countries. 

Hungary, in her peace treaty, pledged most-favored-nation 
treatment to the Allied and Associated Powers until January 26,. 
1922, in regard to duties in force July 28, 1914. 

Lists of most-favored-nation treaties. 

The lists of treaties following give the situation as it stood March 
1, 1922, for the United States and for European countries. Treaties 



APPENDIX. 871 

with South American and Asiatic countries are also given; but to 
avoid unnecessary duplication, these are not listed again under those 
countries. 

Several recent treaties are included in these lists which do not 
appear in the chronological list of treaties on pages 15 to 101, the 
sources of the information being given in footnotes. New treaties 
are, of course, being signed constantly, as the temporary provisions 
of the peace treaties and other temporary agreements come to an 
end. But the old European unconditional most-favored-nation 
principle, in spite of the tendency during the war to denounce treaties 
containing it, is being retained in treaties both old and new. 

Conventional tariff treaties, however, have been generally termi- 
nated. Bulgaria, Rumania, Russia, the Serb-Croat-Slovene State, 
Sweden, and Switzerland have none of their old conventional tariff 
treaties in force; except that in a few cases, noted in these lists, the 
conventional tariff schedules alone have been discarded, while the 
rest of the treaty is maintained in force. Greece has two and Italy 
a few unimportant ones still in force. The treaty of September 1, 
1920, between Austria-Hungary and Germany continues the tariff 
rates of the treaty of January 25, 1905, between these countries. 
The Serb-Croat-Slovene State has a new maximum and minimum 
tariff, since July 10, 1921, treaty countries being admitted to 
minimum rates. Switzerland and Italy have new tariffs with one 
general rate for all countries, with a few exceptions in conven- 
tional rates in the case of Italy. Portugal has a new provisional 
general tariff for nontreaty countries, the old tariff being used as a 
minimum tariff. 

Explanations concerning lists marked (A). 

1. The treaties named in the last column of the lists marked (A) 
as replacing the former treaties which granted specified tariff rates 
are not themselves conventional tariff treaties, unless expressly so 
stated. They do, however, all contain clauses pledging most-favored- 
nation treatment either in regard to commercial matters generally or 
specifically in regard to import duties. 

2. The granting of specified rates by conventional tariff treaties 
is not always reciprocal, but may be unilateral. The latter is nor- 
mally the case in the treaties between single-schedule countries and 
conventional-tariff countries. Accordingly, the listing of conven- 
tional tariff treaties under Belgium, Denmark, Great Britain, Nether- 
lands, and Turkey means only that the other party to the treaty 
granted specified reductions of duty in favor of these countries. 

3. All conventional tariff treaties in the lists marked (A) also 
contain the general most-favored-nation clause, with a few excep- 
tions expressly noted. 



872 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF.^ 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS , 



Treaties 
with— 



Argentina . 
Austria 



Belgium. 
Bolivia.. 



Borneo. 



China 

Colombia . 



Costa Rica... 



Cuba 

Denmark. 

Egypt.... 



Ethiopia 

Germany 

Great Britain. 
Greece 



Honduras. 



Hungary . 
Italy 



Japan . . . 
Liberia . . 
Morocco . 



Muscat 

Netherlands . 



Norway. . 
Paraguay. 



Persia . 



Serb-Croat- 
Slovene 
State. 

Siam 



Sweden. 
Turkey ' 



Description. 



Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 



.do. 



Treaty. Peace, Mend- 
ship, commerce, and 
navigation. 

Convention. Amity, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Peace, amity, 
navigation, and com- 
merce. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Agreement. Commerce 
and customs. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation . 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

— do 



.do. 



Treaty. Peace and 
friendsliip. (Not re- 
ciprocal.) 

Treaty. Amity and 
commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

....do 



Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce. 

(Not reciprocal.) 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 



.do. 



Signed. 



27 July, 1853 

27 Aug., 1829 

8 Mar., 1875 
13 May, 1858 

23 June, 1850 



8 Oct., 1903 
12 Dec, 1846 



10 July, 1851 



11 Dec, 1902 

26 Apr., 1828 

16 Nov., 1884 

27 June, 1914 
25 Aug., 1921 

3 July, 1815 
22 Dec, 1837 

4 July, 1864 



29 Aug., 1921 
26 Feb., 1871 

21 Feb., 1911 
21 Oct., 1862 

18 Sept., 1836 

21 Sept., 1833 

19 Jan., 1839 



4 July, 1827 
4 Feb., 1859 



13 Dec, 1856 

14 Oct., 1881 

16 Dec, 1920 
4 July, 1827 

7 May, 18.30 



Termination 
notified. 



By Greece ^ . . 
26 Jan., 1920 



By United 

States. 
10 May, 1918 



By United 

States. 
4 Feb., 1918 



Termination 
oflfective. 



7 Dec, 1917 ^ 



Replaced by- 



Treaty of peace. 
24 Aug., 1921. 



10 May, 1919 



4 Feb., 1919 



1 Most-favored-nation treatment is granted the United States in the following countries by law: Ger- 
many, law of 5 Feb., 1910; Rumania, law of 17 Apr., 1912; Spain, royal order of 30 Aug., 1906. 
By French, law of 29 Mar., 1910, the United States receives minimum rates in France on certain articles. 

* Date of declaration of war. 

» Made terminable on 3 months' notice by agreement of 18 Oct., 1920. See footnote, p. 132. 

* Diplomatic relations severed 20 Apr., 1917. 



APPENDIX. 



873 



AUSTRIA. 

(A)» TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS)- 



Treaties 
with— 



Belgium. 

France. . 
Germany 



Italy 

Rumania... 
Russia" 

Serb-Croat 
Sloven* 
State. 

Switzerland . 



Description. 



Signed. 



Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
ConA^ention. Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 

and customs. 
Agreement. Commerce. 



Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation . 
Convention . Commerce . 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 



Treaty. Commerce. 



12 Feb., 1906 

18 Feb., 1884 
6 Dec, 1891 

25 Jan., 1905 



11 Feb., 1906 

21 Dec, 1893 
15 Feb., 1906 

27 July, 1910 



Mar., 1905 



Termination 
notified. 



By Switzer- 
land. 1919. 



Termination T).^^1„„„-^ k ^ 
effective. Replaced by s- 



28 Aug., 1914 2 
13 Aug., 1914 2 



24 May, 1915 2 

27 Aug., 1916 2 
6 Aug., 19142 

28 July, 1914 2 



1 July, 1921 



Treaty of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 
Do. 
Economic agree- 
ment. 
1 Sept., 1920. 
(C ont inues 
tariff rates of 
treaty of 25 
Jan., 1905.) 
Treaty of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 
Do. 



Treaty of peace. 

10 Sept., 1919. 
Treaty. Com- 
merce. 

27 June, 1920. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL 
TERMS OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America, Uni- 
ted States of. 
Bulgaria 


1 Treaty. Commerce and 
1 navigation. 
Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

- 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Treaty of peace 


27 Aug., 1829 

6 Jan., 1907 
18 Feb., 1907 

2 Sept., 1869 
10 Sept., 1919 




7 Dec, 1917 2 


Treaty of peace. 

24 Aug., 1921. 
Exchange of 
notes. Most- 








China 




14 Aug., 19172 


favored-na- 
tion treat- 
ment. 

16 Nov., 1920. 

Treaty of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 


Cuba 




Czechoslova- 


. . .do 








kia. 


Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. (Not re- 
ciprocal.) 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
... .do 


4 May, 1921 
14 Mar., 1887 

16 Aug., 1890 

21 Mar., 1905 

5 Dec, 1876 
11 Apr., 1887 

28 Oct., 1912 

1 Sept., 1866 

6 Feb., 1911 
19 Mar., 1830 

26 Mar., 1867 

10 Sept., 1919 
3 Nov., 1873 

17 May, 1857 
8 July, 1911 

17 May, 1869 

30 June, 1892 

22 Feb., 1895 
3 Nov., 1873 

11 Aug., 1887 








Denmark 








Ethiopia.'."."."! 
Great Britain. 




13 Aug., 19142 


Do. 








13 Aug., 1914 2 
2 July, 1917 2 

27 Aug., 1914 2 


Do. 


Greece 




Do. 


Japan 




Do 


Liberia.. . 








do 




8Aug.,1914 2 
3 Aug., 19142 




Morocco . 


Treaty. Peace and com- 
merce. (Not recipro- 
cal.) 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. 




Do. 


Netherlands. 






Nicaragua 

Norway 








Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 








Persia 








Portugal 


Exchange of notes. Com- 
merce. 

Treaty. Commerce. 
(Not^reciprocal.) 

Exchange of notes. Cus- 
toms. 

Treaty. Conxmerce and 
navigation . 

Convention. Commerce, 
etc. 




16 Mar., 1916 2 
22 July, 1917 2 


Do. 


Siam 




Do. 


Spain 












Sweden 








Zanzibar 




1 






1 





2 Date of declaration of war. 

* For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 
6 A new trade agreement was signed between Austria and Russia, 8 Dec 
most-favored-] lation nor tariiT provisions. (Cur. Hist. XV: 665.) 



1921, but it contains ncitl er 



874 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



BELGIUM. 

(A) 5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 









Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
eflective. 




Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed, 


Replaced by^— 


Austria-Hun- 


Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 


12 Feb., 1906 

29 Aug., 1908 

6 Dec, 1891 

22 June, 1906 
5 June, 1906 

24 Apr., 1907 




28 Aug., 1914 2 

4 Aug., 1914 2 
4 Aug., 19142 


Treaties of peace. 

10 Sept., 1919. 

4 June., 1920. 
Treaty of peace. 

27 Nov., 1919. 
Treaty of peace. 

28 June, 1919. 


gary. 
Bulgaria. . 




Germany . 


Treaty. Commerce and 
customs. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce 






Rumania 

Serb - Croat - 


By Rrunania. 
19 Apr., 1921 


19 Apr., 1922 
10 July, 1921 




Slovene 
State. 







(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



A m e r 1 c a , 
United 
States of. 

Bolivia 



Brazil. 
China . 



Denmark. 



Ecuador. 

Egypt. . . 



Ethiopia. 
France . . , 



Great Britain. 



Greece. 



Honduras . 

Italy 

Japan 

Liberia 



Mexico. 



Montenegro.. 
Morocco 



Netherlands. 
Nicaragua . . . 



Norway.. 
Paraguay. 



Persia. 



Portugal. 
Russia. . . 



Salvador . 
Siam 



Spain... 
Sweden. 



Switzerland . 
Turkev 



Venezuela. 
Zanzibar. . . 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 
Agreement. Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. (Not recip- 
rocal.) 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Exchange of notes. 

Commerce and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

do 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
friendship. 

Declaration. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship 

and commerce. 

Modus Vivendi. Com- 
merce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce,, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 



8 Mar., 1875 



18 Apr., 1912 

12 Dec, 1863 
14 Jan., 1864 
2 Nov., 1865 



18 June, 1895 

5 Mar., 1887 
24 June, 1891 

6 Sept., 1906 
15 Jan., 1892 
30 Jan., 1892 
27 July, 1898 



25 May, 1895 

25 Mar., 1909 
11 Dec, 1882 
8 July, 1911 
1 May, 1885 



7 Jmie, 1895 

9 Dec, 1904 
4 Jan., 1862 

12 May, 1863 

8 May, 1858 

27 Jmie, 1910 
15 Feb., 1894 

31 July, 1857 

11 Dec, 1897 

9 June, 1858 

21 Mar., 1906 

29 Aug., 1868 

21 Dec, 1921 

11 June, 1895 

3 July, 1889 
3 Aug., 1838 

1 Mar., 1884 

30 May, 1885 



By Russia. . . 
24 Oct., 1917 



24 Oct., 1918 



2 Date of declaration of war. 



For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 



APPENDIX. 
>l> BULGARIA.^ 



875 



(A)* TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS).* 



Treaties 
with — 



Description. 



Belgium Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

France do 

Germany j Treaty. Commerce, 

customs, and naviga- 
tion. 



Great Britain. 

Italy 

Turkey 



Convention. Commerce, 
customs, and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Commerce, 
custom^, and naviga- 
tion. 

Convention. Commerce. 



Signed. 



29 Aug., 1908 

13 Jan., 1906 
1 Aug., 1905 



9 Dec, 1905 
13 Jan., 1906 
19 Feb., 1911 



Termmation ; Termination r>pT^iappd hv : 
notified. I effective. | replaced by 

I I 



4 Aug., 1914 2 
16 Oct., 19152 



15 Oct., 1915 2 
19 Oct.. 1915 2 



Treaty of peace. 
27 Nov., 1919. 
Do. 

Exchange of 
notes. Most- 
favored -nation 
treatment. 
19 Feb., 1920. 
19 Aug.. 1920. 

Treaty of peace. 
27 Nov., 1919. 

Do. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Austria- 


Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Treaty of peace. 


6 Jan., 1907 

18 Feb., 1907 

27 Nov., 1919 

10 Dec, 1909 

27 Nov., 1919 
9 May, 1909 

24 June, 1897 

30 July 1908 

4 June, 1910 

3 Dec, 1907 

19 Feb., 1911 
8 Mar., 1905 

16 Feb., 1897 

27 Nov., 1919 

5 Oct., 1908 

10 May, 1906 

17 Feb., 1906 




Exchange of 


(Himgary). 
Czechoslova- 






notes. Most- 






favored - na- 
tion treat- 
ment. 
16 Nov., 1920. 


ka. 


Exchange of notes. 

Commerce. 
Treaty of peace 








Greece 








Montenegro... 


Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Exchange of notes. 

Commerce. 
do 








Netherlands . . 








Norway 








Portugal 


Exchange of notes. 
Commerce and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 




10 Mar., 19162 
1 Sept., 19162 




Rumania 




Treaty of peace. 
27 Nov., 1919. 


Turkey 




Russia 




19 Oct., 1915 2 
14 Oct., 19152 

22 July, 19172 




Serb - Croat - 




Treaty of peace. 


Slovene 
State. 
Siam 


Treaty of peace 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

do 

do 




27 Nov., 1919. 


Spain 






Sweden 








Switzerland . . 

















2 Date of declaration of war. 

5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

7 In its treaty of peace of 27 Nov., 1919, Bulgaria pledged most-favored-nation treatment in customs 
matters to the Allied and Associated Powers until 9 Aug., 1921. On 10 Nov., 1920, the United States was 
granted most-favored-nation treatment by Bulgaria. Similar arrangements were made in that year with 
Austria, Germany, Hungary, Spain, and Sweden. Since 9 Aug., 1921 no country receives favored-nation- 
treatment in Bulgaria. 



876 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
CZECHOSLOVAKIA. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-Nx^TION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by— 


(Principal) 


Treaty. Peace settle- 
ment. 

Treaty of peace 


10 Sept. 1919 
do 








Allied and 
Associated. 
Powers. 
Austria 










Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty of peace 


4 May, 1921 

27 Nov., 1919 
4 Nov., 1920 

28 June, 1919 
20 Oct., 1921 








Bul2;aria 








France^ 


Conyention. Commerce- 
Treaty of peace 








Germany 








Poland 9 


Treaty. Commerce 

Agreement. Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 








Rumania 


23 Apr., 1921 








Serb - Croat - 


18 Oct., 1920 
26 Nov., 1921 








Slovene 
State. 
Spain" 

























DANZIG. (See Poland.) 

In accordance with the treaty of 9 November, 1920, Danzig has been included 
within the Polish customs territory. (See Digest No. 259, p. 473, under Illf.) 
According to the additional protocol signed 15 August, 1921, this incorporation was 
fixed for 1 January, 1922. (State Department dispatch, No. 212, Danzig, 17 August, 
1921.) 

DENMARK. 

(A) 5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFICED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


1 

Termination Termination 

notified. effective. 


Replaced by s— 


Portugal... 


Declaration. Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 


14 Dec. 1896 
4 July, 189.3 






Spain 


By Spain 20 June, 1921. 

20 Sept., 1918. 1 


Agreement. 

Commerce." 

18/19 June, 1921. 

E xtended 

7 Jan., 1922. 





(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL 
TERMS OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America, 
United 
States of. 

Austria- 
Hungary. 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 

Chile 

China 



Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 



.do.... 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Exchange of potes. 
Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. (Not recipro- 
cal). 



26 Apr., 


1826 


14 Mar., 


1887 


18 June 


1895 


10 Dec, 


1909 


4 Feb., 


1899 
1863 


13 July, 



s For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

2 This treaty does not contain the general most-favored-nation treatment clause but contains specific 
provisions for most-favored-nation treatment in regard to customs duties. 

« State Department dispatchNo. 43, Prague, 8Feb.,i922. (Text not given.) Does not contain the general 
most-favored-nation clause. 

10 For summary see Bd. Tr. J., 15 Dec, 1921. Does not contain the general most-favored-nation clause. 

11 StateDepartment dispatch No. 2500, San Sebastian, 8 Aug., 1921, and No. Ill, Madrid, 28 Jan., 1922. 



APPENDIX. 

DENMARK— Continued. 



877 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATiMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MIMIMUM TARIFF RATES— Continued. 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by— 










France i* 


Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty. Peace and com- 
merce, 
do.... 


9 Feb., 1842 
13 Feb. 1660/1 

11 July, 1670 
25 Dec, 1843 








Great Britain. 


















Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 
do . 








Italy 


31 Oct., 1846 

IMav, 1864 

12 Feb., 1912 

do.... 









Japan 


do 










Convention. Customs. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Friend- 
ship and commerce. 

Treaty. Peace and 
commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship 
and commerce. 








Liberia 


1 May, 1860 

3 May, 1910 
25 July, 1767 


. . 




Mexico 


■ 




Morocco 






Norway 

Persia 


2 Nov., 1826 
30 Nov., 18.57 
11 Apr., 1910 

2 Mar., 1895 
30 Nov., 1909 

21 May, 1858 

10 Feb., 1875 
IMay, 1841 






.^iJ;;aii^w;... 

.iioi* 




i and navigation. 
Russia : Treaty. Commerce and 


:V^....,^ 




navigation. 
Serb - Croat - Declaration. Most-fa- 






Slovene vored - nation treat- 
State, i ment. 

Siam Treaty. Friendship, 

! commerce, and navi- 
i gation. 


1 




1 




1 establishment. 

Turkey. i Trpalv rnminprpp 


I 













ESTHONIA. 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED NATION TREATMENT. 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by— 


Finland 13 


Agreement . Trade 

do.. . 


29 Oct., 1921 

6 Jan., 1922 

20 July, 1920 








France i^. 








Great Britain. 


Agreement. Commerce. 

















FINLAND. 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT.^s 



Treaties 
with — 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by — 


Esthonia".. 


Agreement . Trade 

Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty of peace 


29 Oct., 1921 

13 July, 1921 

14 Oct., 1920 








France 








Russia 



















12 Most-favored-nation treatment is granted in regard to customs matters. 

1' State Department dispatch No. 631, Helsingfors, 4 Nov., 1921. Does not contain the general most- 
favored-nation clause. 

" For summary see Commerce Reports, 27 Mar., 1922. Does not contain the general most-favored- 
nation clause. 

1* These treaties do not contain the general most-favored-nation clause but the treaty with France con- 
tains specific most-favored-nation provisions in regard to customs matters. 



878 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TEEATIES. 

FRANCE. 

(A)» TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS)." 



Treaties 
with— 



Description. 



Signed. 



Termination 
notified. 



Termination 
effective. 



Replaced by &— 



Austria-Hun- 
gary. 

Bulgaria 

Greece 

Italy 

Japan 

Portugal 



Rumania. 



Serb-C r o a t- 
Sl o vene 

State. 
Switzerland. . 



Convention. Commerce 



Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Agreement. Commerce. 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Exchange of notes. 

Commerce. 



Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 



18 Feb., 1884 

13 Jan., 1906 

20 Feb., 1891 

21 Nov., 1898 

19 Aug., 1911 
17 Feb., 1911 



6 Mar., 1907 
5 Jan., 1907 

20 Oct., 1906 



13 Aug., 1914 
16 Oct.. 1915 2 



By France... 
10 Sept., 1918. 

By Italy 

10 Jan., 1917. 
By France... 
10 Sept., 1918. 
6 Sept., 1918. 



1 Mar., 192217 



Sept., 1918. 
..do 



10 July, 1921 
IJuly, 1921 



Treaties of peace. 

10 Sept., 1919. 

4 June, 1920. 
Treaty of peace. 

27 Nov., 1919. 



Commercial 
agreement, i* 
30 Jan., 1922. 
(To termi- 
nate 30 
June, 1922.) 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES.is 





Convention. Commerce. 
Agreement. Commerce. 

Declarations. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention. Commerce. 
do 


19 Aug., 1892 
15 Jan., 1892 
30 Jan., 1892 
26 June, 1900 
30 June, 1900 
19 Sept., 1907 
23 Jan., 1909 

30 May, 1892 

7 June, 1901 
4 Nov., 1920 

9 Feb., 1842 


1 




Belgium. . 












Brazil... 








1 




Canada 

Colombia 


By France. . . i 19 June, 1920. 
10 Sept., 1918.1 

i 


Arrangement. 
Commerce. 
29 Jan., 1921. 


Costa Rica . . . 


! 












vakia. 
Denmark 


do 









(including 
Iceland and 










Faroe Is- 
lands). 


Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation, 
do 


9 Sept., 1882 
30 May, 1898 
26 Nov 1902 






Republic. 
Ecuador 


30 Aug., 1918 i 




Egypt 


By France 








fi.Tan.. 1922 


10 Sept., 1918 




Ethiopia 

Finland . . 


Treaty. Friendship and ' 10 Jan., 1908 

commerce, 
r.nnvftnt.inn. Cmnmp.rpp. 13. Till v. 1921 






! 

! 




Germany Treaty of peace 10 May,' 1871 




3 Aug., 1914 2 


Treaty of peace. 




28 June, 1919. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

^ For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

" For summary see Commerce Reports, 27 Mar., 1922. 

16 Tiie treaties with the following countries do not contain the general most-favored-nation clause: 
Canada, C osta Rica, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Esthonia, Finland, Haiti, Italy, Netherlands, Ni( 
Persia, Poland, Portugal, Salvador, and Spain. 

" To be extended if a new commercial modus vivendi has not been signed. 

18 For summary see Commerce Reports, 27 Feb., 1922. 



Brazil , 

icaragua, 



APPENDIX. 

FRANCE— Continued . 



879 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUN TARIFF RATES-Continued. 



Treaties 
with- 


:■■■ -'in "'T 

Description. Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by— 




Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Convention. Tunis 

Convention. Zanzibar.. 
Convention. Seychelles 

Islands. 
Convention. Jamaica... 

Convention. India 


26 Jan., 1826 

28 Feb., 1882 

18 Sept., 1897 

27 June, 1901 
16 Apr., 1902 

8 Aug., 1902 

19 Feb., 1903 
do 




' 






10 Sept., 1918 
(now ter- 
minable on 
3 months' 
notice). 

do 


1 






do 

do 

By France... 
10 Sept., 1918 
By France... 


' 5 Sept'., 1920 






10 Sept., 1918 
(now t e r - 
minable on 
3 months' 
notice). 

do 








... .do 








Convention. British 
protectorates of East 
Africa, Central Africa, 
and Uganda. 


23 Feb., 1903 

8 Apr., 1904 

9 Jan., 1907 
30 Jan., 1907 
22 Feb., 1856 

17 Apr., 1852 
27 Nov., 1886 
30 June, 1892 

17 Nov., 1844 

27 Jan., 1892 

28 Jan., 1892 
27 Jan., 1902 

30 Dec, 1881 

13 July, 1892 
21 July, 1892 


do 

do 






and Morocco. 
Convention. Barbados.. 


.....do 






Haiti 


Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation, 
do 








Hondiu'as 








Liberia 








Mexico . . 


do 








Montenegro... 
Muscat. . 


Convention. Commerce 

and navigation 
Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 
Exchange of notes. 

Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Treat5^ Friendship and 

commerce. 
Agreement. Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce, 
.do.. .. 






. 


AiJiLJ.bLl. 






Netherlands 
















Nicaragua 


By France... 






Norway 


6 Sept., 1918 
By France... 




Agreement. 




30 Aug., 1918 





Wine and 
spirits. 
23 Apr., 1921. 


Paraguay 








Persia 


12 July, 1855 

6 Feb., 1922 
9 Jan , 3901 








Poland 22 








Salvador 


Bv France 






Spain (in- 
cluding Bal- 
earic Is- 
lands, Can- 
arylslands, 
andSpanish 
possessions 
in Morocco). 

Sweden 


30 Dec, 1893 

30 Dec, 1881 
13 July, 1892 
25 Nov., 1838 
19 Feb., 1902 

17 Nov., 1844 


6"'Sept.,1918 

By France 

10 Sept., 1918 

By France 


10 Dec, 1921 




Turkey... . 


. 10 Sept., 1918 


5 Nov., 19142 




Venezuela 


Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 






Zanzibar 

















2 Date of declaration of war. 
22 For summary see Commerce Reports, 27 Feb. 



880 



HAl!«rDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TEEATTES. 

GERMANY.23 



(A)s TKSATII^S GRANTING- SPECIFIED TARIFF RATFS (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
with— 



Austria-CHun- 
gary). 



Description. 



Conventions. Commerce 
and customs. 

Agreement. Commerce. 



Belgium Treat}'. Commerce and 

customs. 

I Treaty. Commerce 

Bulgaria Treaty. Commerce, cus- 

I toms, and navigation. 

Greece Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

do 

Treaty . Commerce 

Convention. Customs . . 
Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



Italy. 



Japan... 
Portugal . 



Rumania. 
Russia 25 . 



Serb-Croat- 
S 1 vene 

State. 



Sweden 

Switzerland . 



Treaty. Commerce, cus- 
toms, and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
customs. 



Treaty. Commerce. 



Treaty. Commerce and 

customs. 
Treaty. Commerce 



Signed. 



6 De-., 1891 
25 Jan., 1905 

6 Dec, 1891 

22 June, 1904 
1 Aug., 1905 

9 July, 1884 

6 Dec, 1891 
3 Dec, 1904 
24 Jime, 1911 
30 Nov.. 1908 



21 Oct., 1893 
10 Feb., 1894 
21 Aug., 1892 

2 May, 1911 
10 Dec. 1891 
12 Nov., 1904 



Termination 
notified. 



By Sweden.. 
15 Dec, 1920 
By Germany, 
1919. 



Termination 
effective. 



4 Aug., 1914 2 



28 Nov., 19162 
28 Aug., 1915 2 



23 jNug., 1914 2 
23 Nov., 1914^ 



14 Sept., 19162 
1 Aug., 1914 2 
6 Aug., 1914 2 



16 Mar., 1921 
6 June, 192127 



Replaced by s- 



Fconomie agree- 
ment. 

1 Sept., 1920. 

(Continues 
tariff rates of 
treaty of 25 
Jan., 1905). 

Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1919. 



Do. 



Do. 



Do. 
Agreement. 
Most-favored- 
nation treat- 
ment.2< 
6 Dec, 1921. 
Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1919. 



Do. 
Treaty. Com- 

merce.26 
5 Dec, 1921. 
4 Feb., 1922. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

* For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

23 The United States is granted most-favored-nation treatment in Germany by law of 5 Feb., 1910; Great 
Britain by law of 1901, renewed periodically. 

24 State Department dispatch No. 1337, Berhn, 9 Dec, 1921; Bd. Tr. J. 29 Dec, 1921. 

25 For Trade agreement at present in force between Germany and Russia, see Digest No. 331, p. 587. It 
contains neither most-favored-nation nor tariff provisions. 

26 State Department dispatch No. 1246, Belgrade, 28 Feb., 1922. 

27 The text of the treaty between Germany and Svvic^erland remains in force, but the tariff rates are 
terminated. 



APPENDIX. 

GERM ANY— Continued . 



881 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Treaties 
with— 



America, 
United 
States of. 

Argentina — 

Bolivia , 



Brazil . 
Chile.. 



China. 



Colombia 

Cuba 

Czechoslo- 
vakia. 

Ecuador 

Egypt 



Ethiopia. 



France 

Guatemala . 

Haiti 

Honduras . . 
Hungary . . . 
Japan 



Liberia. 
Mexico. 



Montenegro. 



Morocco 

Netherlands . 

Nicaragua . . . 

Norway 



Panama . . 
Paraguay. 
Persia 



Peru.... 
Poland. 
Siam . . . 
Spain. . . 



Turkey. 



Uruguay . . 
Venezuela . 



Zanzibar. 



Description. 



Treaty of peace. 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship 

and commerce. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Peace, com- 
merce, and naA'igation. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty of peace 

....do 



Signed. 



25 Aug., 1921 

19 Sept., 1857 
22 July, 1908 

28 June, 1919 

1 Feb., 1862 

2 Sept., 1861 



23 July, 1892 
28 June, 1919 
do 



Treaty. Friendship 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship 

and commerce. 

Treaty of peace. 

do 

do 

Treaty. Commerce, etc. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commer- 
cial and consular. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty of peace 

do 

....do 



Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce, 
friendship, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

do 



28 Mar., 1887 
19 July, 1892 

7 Mar., 1905 

10 May, 1871 
28 June, 1919 

do 

12 Dec, 1887 

1 June, 1920 

24 June, 1911 

31 Oct., 1867 
5 Dec, 1882 



18 June, 1907 

1 June, 1890 
31 Dec, 1851 

4 Feb., 1896 

14 Mar., 1827 

28 June, 1919 
21 July, 1887 
11 June, 1873 



28 June, 1919 
do 



do 

12 Feb., 1899 

26 Aug., 1890 



28 June, 1919 
26 Jan., 1909 



13 June, 1859 



Termination 
notified. 



20 Dec, 1921 



Termination 
effective. 



14 Apr., 19172 



14 Aug., 19172 



8 Dec, 19172 
13 Aug., 19142 



3 Aug., 19142 



17 May, 19172 

23Aug.Vi9i42 

4 Aug., 19172 



Aug., 19142 



7 May, 1918: 



20 Dec, 1922 



Replaced by- 



Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1919. 



Agreement. 
Commerce. 
20 May, 1921. 



Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1919. 



Do. 

Do. 
Do. 
Do. 



Do. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 



noo ion of 



882 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



GREAT BRITAIN.28 

(A)& TREATIES GRAN'TING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIPFS).29 











Termination 
effective. 




Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Replaced by »— 


Bulgaria 


! 

Convention. Commerce, 9 Dec, 1905 
customs, and naviga- 
tion. 

Agreement. Commerce. 28 Mar., 1S90 

Declarations. Com- 23 Nov., 1904 
nierce. ! 17 Majs 1905 

Treaty. Commerce ?ud ' 3 Apr., 1911 
navigation. ' '■ 

Treat5^ Commerce 1 31 Oct., 1905 
and navigation. 1 

Treaty. Commerce 17 Feb.. 1907 





15 Oct., 1915 2 


Treaty of peace, 
27 Nov., 19 ly. 


Greece 


Bv Greece 

3 Mar., 1919. 

do 

















Japan 

Rumania 

Serb - Croat- 








By Rumania 
18Apr.,192]. 


18 Apr., 1922 
10 July, 1921 




SI vene 
State. 











(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST - FAVORED - NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL 
TERMS OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America 
Unite 
States of. 

Argentina . . 

Austria 
Hungary. 

Belgium 



Bolivia. 
Borneo. 



China. 



Colombia . 



Costa Rica... 
Czechoslo- 
vakia. 
Denmark 



France. 



Convention. Commerce. 



Treaty. Frienship, com- 
merce, and navigation. 
Treaty. Commerce 



Exchange of notes. 
Commerce and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. 

Treaty of Tientsin. (Not 
reciprocal.) 

Treaty. Commerce... 
(Not reciprocal.) 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation . 
..do. 

Treaty, 
ment, 

Treaty. Peace and com- 
merce, 
do. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Tr^eaty. Commerce. 
(Not reciprocal.) 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 



Convention . Tunis 

Convention. Zanzibar. 

Convention. Seychelles 
Islands. 



3 July, 1815 

2 Feb., 1825 
5 Dec, 1876 

27 July, 1898 

1 Aug., 1911 
27 May, 1847 

26 June, 1858 

5 Sept., 1902 

16 Feb., 1866 



13 Aug., 1914 « 1 Treaties of peace* 

, 10 Sept., 1919. 

4 June, 1920. 



27 Nov., 1849 
10 Sept., 1919 

13 Feb., 1660/1 

12 July, 1670 i 

29 Oct., 1889 ! 

20 July, 1920 i 

14May 1897 

26 Jan 1826 | By France... 

I 10 Sept., 1918 
I (now ter- 
minable on 
j 3 months' 
I notice.) 

28 Feb.. 1882 do 

18 Sept., 1897 \ do 

27 June, 1901 i.....do 

10 Apr., 1902 I By France... 

I 10 Sept., 1918. 



5 Sept. 1920 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

* For explanation concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

28 A German law, renewed periodically, has granted great Britain most-favored-nation treatment since 
1901. 
89 The agreements with Greece do not contain the general most-favored-nation clause. 



APPENDIX. 
GREAT BRITAIN— Continued. 



883 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENFR\I 
TERMS, OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATER-Continued 



Treaties 
with — 



France. 



Description. 



Convention. Jamaica. 



Convention. India 

Convention . Ceylon 

Convention. British pro- 
tectorates of East 
Africa, Central Africa, 
and Uganda. 

Declaration. Ecyptand 
Morocco. 

Convention. Barbados., 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

...-do 

....do 

....do 

....do 



Signed. 



8Au?., 1902 



19 Feb. 

do. 

23 Feb. 



1903 



Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
do 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. (Not 
reciprocal.) 

Treat5^ Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty Friendship, 
co m merce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
co m merce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 



Agreement. Conmierce 

(Zanzibar). 
Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 
Exchange of notes. 

Commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Treaty. Friendship, 

commerce, etc. 

Treaty. Friendship 

Capitulations 

Treaty. Friendship, 

commerce, and navi- 
gation. 



8 Apr., 1904 

9 Jan., 1907 
28 Jrme, 1919 

10 Nov., 1886 

o May 1910 
15 June, 1883 
21 Nov., 1848 
27 Nov., 1888 

11 Jan., 1910 

9 Dec, 1856 
19 Mar., 1891 



27 Oct., 1837 

28 July, 1905 

18 Mar., 1826 
16 Oct., 1884 



4 Mar., 1857 
9 Feb., 1903 
12 Aug., 1914 

12 Jan., 1859 



24 Aug., 1896 

18 Apr., 1855 

20 June, 1894 
29 June, 1894 
18 Mar., 1826 

6 Sept., 1855 

29 Nov., 1879 

1675 

18 Apr., 182.-) 



Termination 
notified. 



By France.. 

10 Sept., 1918 

(now ter- 
minable on 
3 months' 
notice.' 

....do :.. 

.-..do........ 

...-do 



Termination 
effective. 



Replaced by— 



.do. 



.do. 



By Greece .. 
3 Mar., 1919 



By Russia... 
24 Oct., 1917 



24 Oct., 1918 



Trade agre* 

ment. 
16 Mar., 1921. 



5 Nov., 1914 2 



Date of declaration of war, 
54083—22 57* 



30 Minimum tariff rates are granted by Spain to British goods. 



884 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

GREECE. 

(A)» TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS).3i 



Treaties 
with — 



France 

Germany — 
Great Britain 

Italy 

Turkey 



Description. 



Agreement. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
A greement . C ommerce . 
Declarations. Commerce. 

Protocol. Commerce 
and navigation. 32 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



Signed. 



20 Feb., 1891 

9 July, 1884 

28 Mar., 1890 
23 Nov., 1904 
17 May, 1905 
30 Dec, 1889 

12 Apr., 1903 



Termination 
notified. 



By France . . . 
10 Sept., 1918. 



By Greece 

3 Mar., 1919 
do 

By Italy 

18 June, 1917 



Termination 
effective. 



28 Nov., 19162 



2 July., 19172 



Replaced by 5 



Treaty of peace. 
28 Jtme, 1919. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America, 
United 
States of. 

Austria-Hun- 
gary. 

Belgium 



Bulgaria.. 
Denmark. 



Egypt 

Great Britain 



Japan 

Montenegro. 



Netherlands . 

Norway 

Persia 



Rumania. 
Russia 



Serb - Croat- 
Slovene 
State. 

Spain 



Sweden 

Switzerland . 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

Treaty of peace .... 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

do 

Convention. Commerce ! 

and navigation. j 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 



Treaty. Friendshij), 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Agreement. Commerce. 



22 Dec, 1837 



11 Apr., 1887 



25 May, 1895 

27 Nov., 1919 
25 Dec, 1843 
31 Oct., 1846 
4 June, 1906 
10 Nov., 1886 

1 June, 1899 
14 Mar., 1908 

22 Feb. 1843 

27 Oct., 1852 

28 Oct., 1861 



17 Mar., 1914 
24 June, 1850 

17 June, 1894 



Treaty. Commerce and 23 Sept., 1903 
navigation. I 

do 27 Oct., 1852 

Convention. Commerce, i 10 June, 1887 



By Greece 

26 Jan., 1920 33 



By Greece . . . 
3 Mar., 1919 



By Greece - , . 
24 Mar., 1919. 



By Greece . . . 
20 Feb., 1919. 



By Greece. . . 
18 Mar., 1920. 



2 July, 1917' 



28 Nov., 19162 



Treaties of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 
4 June, 1920. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

^ For explanations concerning treaties in list marked (A), see p. 871. 

^1 The agreements with Great Britain and Italy do not contain the general most-favored-nation clause. 
S2 By exchange of notes of 29 Dec, 1917, Greece renounced the preferential treatment granted Greek wines. 
On 17 Sept., 1920, the protocol was prorogued with this modification. (State Department dispatch, Rome, 
23 Jan., 1922. 
^ Made terminable on 3 months' notice by agreement of 18 Oct., 1920. See footnote, p. 132. 



APPENDIX, 



885 



HUNGARY.^* 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS. 



Treaties 
with— 



Allied and 
Associated 
Powers. 

America, 
United 
States of. 

Germany 



Description. 



Treat}^ of peace 

do 

Treaty. Commerce. 



Signed. 



4 June, 1920 

29 Aug., 1921 

1 June, 1920 



Termination 
notified. 



Termination 
effective. 



Replaced by- 



ITALY. 

(A) 5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS).^' 



Treaties 
with — 



Austria-Hun- 
gary. 

Brazil 35 

Bulgaria 



Canada ^5. 
France 35 . 

Germany. 



Greece 35.. 

Japan 

Rumania. 



Russia. 



S e r b-Croat- 
Slovene 
State. 

Spain 



Switzerland . 



Description. 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



Agreement . Tariff 

Treaty. Commerce, cus- 
toms, and navigation. 
Agreement. Commerce. 
do 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Protocol. Commerce 
and navigation. 37 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce, cus- 
toms, and navigation . 



Treaty. Commerce and 

na^^igation. 
— do 



Convention. Commerce 

and navigation . 
Treaty. Commerce 



Signed. 



11 Feb., 1906 



5 July, 1900 
13 Jan., 1906 

6 June, 1910 
21 Nov., 1898 

6 Dec, 1891 

3 Dec, 1904 
30 Dec, 1899 

25 Nov., 1912 

5 Dec, 1906 



28 June, 1907 
14 Jan., 1907 

30 Mar., 1914 
13 July, 1904 



Termination 
notified. 



By Italy.... 
10 Jan., 1917. 



By Italy.... 
18 June, 1917. 
By Italy.... 
24 Dec, 1916. 
By Italy.... 
10 Jan., 1917. 



.do. 
.do. 



Termination 
effective. 



24 May, 1915 2 



19 Oct., 19152 



1 Mar., 192236 
28 Aug., 1915 



By Italy 

10 Jan., 1917. 

By Italy 

10 Jan., 1917. 



31 Dec, 1917 
10 July, 1921 ^' 

26 June, 1921 



Replaced by ■ 



Treaties of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 
4 June, 1920. 

Treaty of peace. 
27 Nov., 1919. 



Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1919. 



Exchange of 

notes.38 Most- 
favored - na- 
tion treat- 
ment. 

21 July, 1921. 
Treaty. Trade.ss 

26 Dec, 1921. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

* For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), seep. 871. 

34 See also list under Austria. Hungary considers all treaties in force between Austria-Hungary and 
neutral powers in 1914 and not terminated since as being still in force for Hungary. 

35 This treaty does not contain the general most-favored-nation treatment clause. 

36 To be extended if a new commercial modus vi vendi has not been signed. 

»7 Byexchangeofnotesof29Dec., 1917, Greece renounced the preferential treatment granted Greek wines. 
On 17 Sept., 1920, the protocol was prorogued with this modification. (State Department dispatch, 
Rome, 23 Jan., 1922.) 

38 State Department dispatch, Rome, 23 Jan ., 1922. 

39 Cur. Hist., XV: 1034. 

*° The text of the treaty between Italy and the Serb-Croat-Slovene State remains in force but the tariff 
rates are terminated. 



886 



HAITDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES, 



ITALY— Continued. 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Treaties 
with- 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by— 


America, 


Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 


26 Feb., 1871 

11 Dec, 1882 

12 July, 1898 

26 Oct., 1866 

27 Oct., 1892 

29 Dec, 1903 
1 May, 1864 

18 Oct., 1836 

12 Aug., 1900 

14 July. 1906 
21 July, 1906 

15 June, 1883 

28 Feb., 1916 
31 Dec, 1868 

4 June, 1920 

23 Oct., 1862 

16 Apr., 1890 

21 Dec, 1903 

22 Dec, 1903 

30 June, 1825 

24 Nov., 1863 

25 Jan., 1906 

14 July, 1862 
27 Oct., 1892 

22 Aug., 1893 
24 Sept., 1862 

23 Dec, 1874 
9 May, 1911 

27 Oct., 1860 

14 July, 1862 

18 Oct., 1912 

19 July, 1851 








United 
States of. 
Belgium 








Chile 


-do... 








China 


Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and na\i- 
gation. (Not recipro- 
cal.) 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 
do 
















Cuba 








Denmark 


Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 

Treaty. EstabUshment, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
friendship. 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 








Dominican 








Republic. 
Ecuador 




. 




Egypt 








Ethiopia 








Great Britain. 
Guatemala. . . 








Honduras .... 


. ...do 








Hungary 


Treat y of peace 








Liberia 


Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation . 
. .do 








Mexico 








Montenegro. . . 


Agreement. Commerce. 

Treaty. Peace and 
commerce. 

Treatv. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship , 
commerce, and navi- 
gation . 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation, 
.do 








Morocco 








Netherlands . . 








Nicaragua .... 


.... 






Norway 








Panama 



















Paraguay 








Persia 


Treaty. Friendship 
and commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Agreement. Commerce, 
customs, and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Friendship , 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty of peace 








Peru ... 








Portugal 








Salvador 








Sweden 








Turkey 

Venezuela 




21 Aug., 1915 2 




Treaty. Friendship, 
navigation, and com- 
merce. 















2 Date of declaration of war. 



APPENDIX. 887 

JAPAN. 

(A)» TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS); 



Treaties 
with— 



Description . 



Signed. 



Termination 
notified. 



France Convention. Commerce, 19 Aug., 1911 By France... 

and navigation. ! 10 Sept., 1918 

Germany Convention. Customs..., 24 June, 1911 

Great Britain. Treaty. Commerce and 3 Apr., 1911 | 

navigation. i 

Italy do. ' 25 Nov. ,1912 i Bv Italy 

24 Dec, 1916 
I I 



Termination 
effective. 



Replaced by ^- 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST - FAVORED - NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL 

TERMS. 



America, | Treaty. Commerce and ' 21 Feb., 1911 

United States! navigation. \ 



of. I 

Argentina 



Austria-Hun- 
gary. 



Belgium. 
Bolivia.. 
Brazil 



Chile.. 
China. 



Colombia. 



Treaty. Friendship, , 3 Feb. , 1898 

commerce, and navi- \ 

gation. ■ 

Treaty. Commerce and i 28 Oct., 1912 

navigation. 



Czechoslova- 
kia. 
Denmark 



Ecuador. 



Germany. 



Greece.. 
Mexico. 



Netherlands. 

Norway 

Peru 



Russia. 
Siam... 



Spain. 



Sweden 

Switzerland . 



Agreement. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Friendship , 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

do 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation (not recip- 
rocal). 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Peace settle- 
ment. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Customs.. 

Treaty. Friendship , 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do , 

Treaty. Friendship 
and commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

Convention. Customs.. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

Treaty. Friendship , 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Convention. Com- 
merce.2o 

Treaty. Amity and gen- 
eral relations. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention . Customs 20 

Treaty. Establishment 
and commerce. 



i 8 July, 1911 
! 13 Apr., 1914 
i 5 Nov., 1895 



25 Sept.. 1897 
21 July, 1896 



25 May, 1908 

10 Sept., 1919 
12 Feb., 1912 



do 

26 Aug., 1918 



24 June, 1911 

1 June, 1899 
30 Nov., 1888 

6 July, 1912 

16 June, 1911 
do 

20 Mar., 1895 



28 July, 1907 
25 Feb., 1898 



28 Mar., 1900 
15 May, 1911 
19 1vlay, 1911 



do 

21 June, 1911 



Treaties of peace 
10 Sept., 1919. 
4 June, 1919. 



5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 
20 Most-favored-nation treatment is granted in regard to customs duties. 



888 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



LUXEMBURG. (See Belgium.) 

Luxemburg withdrew from the German customs union on 1 Jan., 1919. (B. F. 
S. P. Ill: 768.) On 25 July, 1921, a convention was signed between Belgium and 
Luxemburg establishing an economic union between the two countries. (State 
Department dispatch. No. 1280, Brussels. 2 Aug., 1921.) 



MONTENEGRO 

(A)5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
with — 



Serb-Croat- 
Slovene 
State. 



Descriptiou. 



Signed. 



Termination 
notified. 



Treaty. Commerce j 14 Jan., 1905 



Termination 
efiective. 



10 July, 1921 



Replaced by ■ 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 





Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Agreement. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Exchange of notes. Com- 
merce and navigation . 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 


6 Feb., 1911 

9 Dec, 1904 
9 May, 1909 

30 Mar., 1905 
12 July, 1905 

30 June, 1892 

18 June, 1907 
11 Jan., 1910 

14 Mar., 1908 

21 Dec, 1903 

22 Dec, 1903 
8 Dec, 1908 

7 Oct., 1911 

15 Dec, 1909 

31 Dec, 1910 
4 Mar., 1909 




8 Aug., 19142 




Hungary. 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 

Egypt 

France 





























9 Aug., 1914-^ 


Great Britain. 


do 






do 






Italy 


Agreement. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
do 



























Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Agreement. Commerce . 
Convention. Commerce. 












Turkey 











» Date of declaration of war. 

5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 



APPENDIX. 



889 



NETHERLANDS. 

(A)5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by "— 


Portugal 

Spain 


Declaration. Commerce 
do 


5 July, 1894 

12 July, 1892 

13 Nov., 1899 








By Spain 

20 Sept., 1918 


20 June, 1921 


Agreement. 
Tariff.<2 

16/24 June. 1921. 
Extended: 




do 










30 Dec, 1921. 
5/6 Jan., 1922. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America, 
United 
States of. 

Austria- 
Hungary 

Belgiiun 



Bulgaria. 
China 



Colombia. 
France «. 
Germany. 



Great Britain. 

Greece 

Italy 

Japan 

Mexico 

Montenegro. . . 

Morocco 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation 



Muscat . , 
Norway. 
Persia . . . 



Rumania. 
Russia..., 



Serb-Croat-. 

Slovene 

State. 
Siam 



Sweden 

Switzerland- . 
Turkey 



Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Exchange of notes. Com- 
merce. 
Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. (Not re- 
ciprocal.) 
Treaty. Navigation and 

commerce. 
Exchange of notes. Com- 
merce. 
Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Declaration. Privileges 

of subjects, etc. 
Declaration. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 
Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Declaration. Commerce. 



Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Establishment 
and commerce. 

Capitulations 



19 Jan., 1839 

26 Mar., 1867 
12 May, 1863 
24 June, 1897 

6 Oct., 1863 

1 May, 1829 

27 Jan., 1892 

28 Jan., 1892 
31 Dec, 1851 

27 Oct., 1837 
22 Feb., 1843 
24 Nov., 1863 

6Julv, 1912 
22 Sep"t., 1897 

8 Dec, 1908 

18 May, 1858 

7 Apr., 1877 
27 Aug., 1877 
20 May, 1912 

3 July, 1857 

15 Mar., 1899 
13 Sept., 1846 

17 Oct., 1881 



17 Dec, 1860 

25 Sept., 1847 
19 Aug., 1875 
15 Sept., 1680 



By United 

States. 
10 May, 1918 



10 May, 1919 



By Russia. 
24 Oct., 1917 



24 Oct., 1918 



5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

« State Department dispatch No. 24. Madrid, 15 Nov. 1921 and Ga. de Madrid, 13/22 Jan., 1922. 

<•■' Minimum tariff granted by France in return for most-favored-nation treatment by the Netherlands. 



890 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TEEATIES. 



NORWAY.44 

(A)5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Sigiied. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by 5— 


Portugal 


Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 
and customs. 

Convention. Commerce. 


31 Dec, 1895 
27 June, 1892 

25 Aug., 1903 






Exchange of 
notes. Com- 
merce. 




13 Dec, 1919 

By Spain 

20 Sept., 1918 


3 Feb., 1921 




agreement. « 
1 Dec, 1921. 

(To termi- 
nate 31 Mar., 
1922.) 











(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL. 
TERMS OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America, 
United 
States of. 

Argentina 

Aiistria-Hun- 
gary. 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 



China . 



Denmark. 
France... 



Germany 

Great Britain 
Greece 



Italy... 
Japan. . 

Liberia . 



Mexico . . 
Morocco . 



Netherlands . 

Persia 

Rumania — 



Serb - Croat - 
Slovene 
State. 

Siam 



Switzerland . 
Turkey 



Treaty. Commerce and | 4 July, 1827 
navigation. i 



.do. 
-do. 



.do. 



Exchange of notes. 

Commerce. 
Treaty. Peace, amity, 

and commerce. (Not 

reciprocal.) 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Treaty. Commerce 



.1 17 July, 1885 
.1 3 Nov., 1873 

.1 27 June, 1910 
! 30 July, 1908 

' 20 Mar., 1847 



Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

do 

do 

Convention. Customs . . 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

do 

Treaty. Peace and com- 
merce. 
Treat y . Commerce and 

navigation. 
Treaty. Friendship and 

commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Declaration. Commerce 

and navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Protocol. Most-favored- 
nation treatment. 



2 Nov., 1826 
30 Dec, 1881 



13 July, 1892 

14 Mar., 1827 



18 Mar. 
27 Oct., 



1826 
1852 



14 July, 1862 

16 June, 1911 
....do 

1 Sept., 1863 

29 July, 1885 
25 July, 1767 

20 May, 1912 

17 Nov., 1857 
31 Mar., 1910 

9 Mar., 1909 

18 May, 1868 



5 May, 1906 
28 May, 1906 
13 June, 1907 



By France . . . 
30 Aug., 1919 



By Greece. . . 
24 Mar., 1919 



Agreement . 
Wine and 
Spirits. 
23 Apr., 1921. 



5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

" A new trade agreement was signed between Norway and Russia 2 Sept., 1921, but it contains neither 
most-favored nation nor tariff provisions. (Soviet Russia, Nov., 1921: 223.) 
" Bd. Tr. J. 22 Dec, 1921: 663. 



APPENDIX. 



891 



POLAND. 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES." 



Treaties 
with— 



Description. 



CzechosloA'a- I Treaty. Commerce 

kia." I 

France 's 1 Agreement. Commerce. 

Rmnania I Treaty. Commerce 



Signed. 



20 Oct., 1921 



6 Feb., 1922 
IJuly, 1921 



Termination Termination 
notified. I effective. 



Replaced by- 



PORTUGAL.48 

(A)* TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
withi— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination , Termination 
notified. ' effective. 


Replaced by ^ — 




Declaration. Commerce. 
Exchange of notes. Com- 
merced 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Declaration. Commerce. 
Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention. Commerce. 

do 


14 Dec, 1896 
17 Feb., 1911 

30 Nov., 1908 

5 July, 1894 

31 Dec, 1895 

9 July, 1895 
3 Sept., 1910 

20 Dec, 1905 


' 




France <* 


Bv France 


Commerci al 


Germany 

* 


10 Sept., 1918 j 

1 
i 23 Nov., 1916 2 


agreement.18 
30 Jan., 1922. 
(To terminate 
30 June, 1922). 
Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1914. 
Agreement. 
Most-favor- 
ed-nation 
treatment. 
6 Dec, 1921.50 


1 


Norway 


By Norway, I 


Exchange of 
notes. Com- 
merce. 

14 Oct., 1920. 


13 Dec, 1919 | 

! 


Serb-Croat- 


■ 

' 10 July, 1921 




S 1 vene 
State. 










1 





(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Austria-Hun- 
gary. 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 



China. 



Colombia. 



Great Britain. 
Italy 



Siam. 



Sweden . . 
Turkey.. 
Zanzibar . 



Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Declaration. Commerce. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Friendsliip and 
commerce. (Not re- 
ciprocal.) 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, navigation, 
and extradition. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Agreement. Commerce, 
customs, and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Declaration. Commerce. 

do 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. 



8 July, 


1911 


11 Dec, 


1897 
1910 

1887 


4 June 


IDec, 


9 Apr. 


1857 


12 Aug. 


1914 


9 May, 


1911 


10 Feb. 


1859 


16 Apr. 
11 Jan., 
25 Oct., 


1904 
1890 
1879 



16 Mar., 1916- 



Treaty of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 



1 A decree of 5 Nov. 1921, modifies the Portuguese Customs Tariff and introduces a general tariff to be 
applied to non-treaty countries. The old tariff, as the minimum tariff, is to be applied in whole or part 
according to reciprocal advantages given by the country concerned, as may be arranged by the Ministry 
of Foreign Affairs (Bd. Tr. J. 24 Nov., 1921j, 

2 Date of declaration of war. 

•' For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

IS For summary see Commerce Reports, 27 Feb., 1922. 

<6 Tlie treaties with Czechoslovakia and France do not contain the geneial most-favored-nation clause. 

« State Department dispatch, No. 43, Prague, 8 Feb., 1922. (Text not given.) 

■»8 By royal order ot 23 Sept., 1913, Portugal receives mo3t-favored-nation treatment in Spain. 

<9 Agreements with France do not contain the general most-favored-nation clause. 

'"0 State Department dispatch, No. 1337, Berlin, 9 Dec, 1921; Bd. Tr. J. 29 Dec, 1921, 



892 HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 

RUMANIA.51 

(A) 5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS. )52 



Treaties 
with — 



Austria-Hun- 
gary. 

Belgium 

France 

Germany 



Great Britain. 
Italy 



Turkey. 



Description. 



Convention. Commerce 



.do. 



Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce, 
customs, and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce, cus- 
toms, and navigation. 



Treaty. Commerce. 



Signed. 



21 Dec, 1893 

5 June, 1906 

6 Mar., 1907 
21 Oct., 1893 

31 Oct., 1905 
5 Dec, 1906 



12 Aug., 1901 



Termination 
notified. 



By Rumania. 
19 Apr., 1921 
By France. . . 
10 Sept., 1918 



By Rumama. 
18 Apr., 1921 

By Italy 

10 Jan., 1917 



Termination 
effective. 



27 Aug., 19165 



19 Apr., 1922 



14 Sept., 19162 



18 Apr., 1922 



29 Aug., 19162 



Replaced by- 



Treaties of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 
4 June, 1920. 



Treaty of peace. 
28 June, 1919. 



Exchange o f 
notes .63 
Most-favored- 
nation treat- 
ment. 
21 July, 1921. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



(Principal) 
Allied and 
Associat e d 
Powers. 

Bulgaria 



Czechoslo- 
vakia. 
Denmark 



Greece 

Montenegro... 



Netherlands. 
Norway 



Poland. 
Russia.. 



Serb-Croat- 
S 1 vene 
State. 

Spain 



Sweden 

Switzerland. 



Treaty. Vessels, com- 
merce, transit, etc. 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention, (omracrcc, 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention. Commerce, 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention. Commerce, 



.do. 



Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Convention. Commerce. 



9 Dec. 


1919 


3 Dec. 


1907 


23 Apr. 


1921 


11 Apr. 
17 Mar. 


1910 


1914 
1911 

1899 
1910 

1921 
1906 

1907 


7 Oct., 


15 Mar. 


31 Mar. 


1 July, 
9 Mar., 


5 Jan., 


1 Dec, 


1908 


3 Mar. 


1910 


3 Mar., 


1893 





By Rumania. 
4 Apr., 1921 



1 Sept., 1916 



4 Apr., 1922 



Treaty of peace. 
27 Nov., 1919. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

51 Most-favored-nation treatment is granted the United States by law of 17 Apr., 1912. 
»52 Rumania has a new general tariff of 30 June, 1921. In applymg its rates, conventional rates granted 
by the treaties with Belgiimi and Great Britain are to be applied until 19 Apr., 1922, when these treaties 
terminate. After that date all countries receive general tariff rates in Rumania. (Commerce Reports, 19 
Sept., 1921.) 

^ State Department dispatch, Rome, 23 Jan., 1922. 



APPENDIX. 



893 



RUSSIA. 

(A) 5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



^^« Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by ■•— 


Austria,-Huii- Treaty Conunerce and. 


15 Feb., 1906 
10 Feb., 1894 
28 June, 1907 
9 July, 1895 




6 Aug., 19142 
1 Aug., 19142 
31 Dec, 1917 




gary.5< navigation. 
Germany 5<..J Treaty. Commerce and 

1 navigation. 
Italy ' do 






By Italy 

10 Jan., 1917. 


Treaty. Trade.« 
26 Dec, 1921. 


'Pnrtnp'ftl do 











(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST FAVORED-NATION-TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Belgium. 

Bulgaria. 
China... 



Denmark. 



Egypt 

-Finland 55 

Great Britain. 



Greece 

Japan 

Mexico , 

Montenegro. . . 
Netherlands., 



Peru 

Rumania. 



Serb-Croat- 
Slovene 
State. 

Siam 



Spain 20 . 
Sweden. 



Switzerland. 
Turkey 



Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 

Treaty. Commerce, 

etc. (Not reciprocal.) 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 

do 

Treaty of peace 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Agreement. Commerce 

(Zanzibar) . 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
do 



Convention. Commerce 
and coasting trade. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 



Treaty. Commerce! 

Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 



Declaration. Jurisdic- 
tion, commerce, and 
navigation. 

Exchange of notes. Com- 
merce and navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 



Convention. Settlement 

and commerce. 
Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 



By Russia. . . 
24 Oct., 1917. 



By Russia.. . 
24 Oct., 1917. 



9 June, 1858 

8 Mar., 1905 
13 June, 1858 

2 Mar., 1895 

13 Mar., 1909 

14 Oct., 1920 
]2Jan., 18.59 

24 Aug., 1896 

24 June, 1850 

28 July, 1907 

2 Oct., 1909 

15 Dec, 1909 
13 Sept., 1846 

22 Feb., 1828 

16 May, 1874 

9 Mar., 1906 

26 Feb., 1907 

( . 
1 

23 June, 1899 

6 Feb., 1895 By Russia. . 
24 Oct., 1917. 
Aug., 1906 



By Russia. . . 
24 Oct., 1917. 



By Russia.. . 
24 Oct., 1917. 



26 Dec, 1872 
21 June, 1783 



24 Oct., 1918 
19 Oct., 1915 2 



24 Oct., 1918 



24 Oct., 191! 



24 Oct., 1918 



24 Jan., 1918 



3 Nov.. 19142 



Trade agreement 
16 Mar., 1921. 



Agreement. 
Commerce.57 
1 Mar., 1922. 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

20 Most-favored-nation treatment is granted in regard to customs duties. 

5< Treaties have also been signed by Russia with Austria, 8 Dec, 1921 (Cur. Hist. XV: 685); Germany, 
6 May, 1921 (see Digest, No. 331); and Norway, 2 Sept., 1921 (Soviet Russia, Nov., 1921), but they contain 
neither most-favored-nation treatment nor tariff provisions. 

" The treaty with Finland does not contain the general most-favored-nation clause. 

5fi Cur. Hist. XV: 1034. 

57 Nation, 114: 405. 



894 HAISTDBOOK OF COMMEECIAL TREATIES. 

SERB-CROAT-SLOVENE STATE.^s 

(A) 6 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS). 



Treaties 
with— 



Austria-Hun- 
gary. 



Belgium. 
France . . . 

Germany 



Great Britain. 
Italy 



Montenegro... 

Portugal 

Switzerland . . 



Description. 



Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 



Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 

and navigation. 
Treaty. Commerce and 

customs. 



Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 
Treaty. Commerce 



Signed. 



Termination 
notified. 



27 July, 1910 



24 Apr.. 1907 
6 Jan., 1907 

21 Aug., 1892 



17 Feb., 1907 
14 Jan., 1907 

14 Jan., 1905 
3 Sept., 1910 
28 Feb., 1907 



Termination 
effective. 



By France... 
10 Sept., 1918. 



Bv Italy 

10" Jan., 1917. 



By Switzer- 
zerland, 1918. 



28 July, 1914 2 



10 July, 1921 
10 July, 1921 

30 July, 19142 



lOJulv, 1921 
do 



.do 

.do 



Replaced by ^ — 



Treaties of peace. 
10 Sept., 1919. 
4 Jime, 1920. 
Treaty. Com- 
merce. 
27 June, 1920. 



Treaty of peace. 

28 June, 1919. 
Treaty. Com- 
merce. ^^ 

5 Dec, 1921. 

4 Feb., 1922. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America , 
United 
States of. 

Bulgaria 

Czechoslo- 
vakia. 
Denmark 

Greece 

Netherlands., 
Norway 

Rumania 

Russia 

Spain , 

Sweden , 

Turkey 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



Treaty Commerce 

Convention. Commerce. 



D eclaration . M o s t-f a- 
vored-nation treat- 
ment . 

Agreement. Commerce.. 

Declaration. Commerce. 

Declaration. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Declaration. Commerce 

Treaty. Commerce 



14 Oct., 


1881 

1897 
1920 
1909 

1894 
18S1 
1909 

1907 
1907 

1908 
1907 
1906 


16 Feb., 


18 Oct., 


30 Nov. 


17 June 


17 Oct., 


9 Mar., 

5 Jan., 
28 Feb. 

5 Nov., 
11 Apr. 
28 May, 



14 Oct., 19152 



2 Dec, 19142 



Treaty of peace. 
27 Mov.. 1919. 



« Date of declaration of war. 

5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

5^ The Serb-Croat-Slovene State has adopted the maximum and minimum system, the new tariff becom- 
ing effective 10 July, 1921. Tariff provisions of the old conventional tariff treaties in force up to that time 
were terminated. "The texts of the treaties (i. e., texts as distinguished from tables of rates) are still m 
force and aU countries entitled to most-favored-nation treatment receive minimum rates. 

59 State Department dispatch No. 1210, Belgrade, 2S Feb., 1922. 



APPENDIX 



895 



SPAIN. 

(A) » TREA.TIES GRANTrNG SPECIFIED TARIF.K RA.TE3 (CON"VENTIONAL TARIFFS). 







1 






Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by^— 


Denmark 


Convention. Commerce 


4 July, 1893 


By Spain 


20 Ji.me,1921 


Agreement. Com- 




and navigation. 




20 Sept., 1918. 


' 


merce .«• 
18-19 June, 1921. 

Extended 
7 Jan., 1922. 


Italy 


do 


30 Mar., 19U 


By Italy 

10 Jan.,' 1917. 


26 June, 1921 










Netherlands.. 


Declaration. Commerce. 


12 July, 1892 


Bv Spain.... 


20 June, 1921 


Agreement. 






13 Nov., 1899 


20 Sept., 1918. 




Tanff.62 
16/24 June, 1921. 

Extended 
30 Dec, 1921. 
5/6 Jan., 1922. 


Norway 


Convention. Commerce 
and customs. 


27 June, 1892 


do 


3 Feb., 1921 


Commercial 

a£;reement.63 




Convention. Commerce. 


25 Aug., 1903 






1 Dec, 1921. 

To terminate 
31 Mar., 1922. 




do 


27 June, 1892 


do 


20 June, 1921 








notes.*"" Com- 












merce. 












19/20 June,1921. 












Extended 












29 Dec, 1922. 


Switzerland.. 


Treaty. Commerce 


1 Sept., 1906 


do 


20 May, 1921 


Exchange of 
notes.85 Com- 
merce. 
12 Julv, 1921. 
(To terminate 
15Mar.,1922.6«) 



* For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A), see p. 871. 

» State Department dispatch No. 2500, San Sebasitian, 8 Aug., 1921, and No. Ill, Madrid, 28 Jan., 1922. 

'2 State Department dispatch No. 24, Madrid, 15 Nov., 1921, and Ga. de Madrid, 13/22 Jan., 1922. 

« Bd. Tr. J. 22 Dec, 1921: 663. 

« State Department dispatch No. 116. Madrid, 2 Feb., 1922; Ga. de .Madrid, 22 June, 1921. 

« State Department dispatch No. 2461, Madrid, 27 June, 1921. 

«• Ibid, Madrid, 4 Mar., 1922. 



896 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 



SPAIN— Continued. 

(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT «? IN GENERAl. 
TERMS OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Treaties 
with— 



Argentina . . 

Austria 

Hungary. 

Belgium 



Bolivia... 
Bulgaria.. 

Chile 

China 

Colombia. 



Costa Rica... 
Czechoslova- 
kia. 68 

Ecuador 

France 20 



Germany 

Great Britain 

Greece 

Guatemala.. . 
Japan 



Mexico. 



Morocco 

Nicaragua . . . 



Paraguay. 
Persia — 

Peru 

Rumania. 
Russia 



Salvador. 



Serb-Croat- 
S 1 o vene 
State. 

Siam 



Turkey. . . 
Uruguay . 



Venezuela 



Description. 



Treaty. Peace and 
friendship. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Modus \'ivendi. Com- 
merce. 

Treaty. Peace and 
friendship. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Treaty. Peace and 
friendship. 

Treaty. Amity, com- 
merce, and navigation. 

Treaty. Peace and 
friendship. 

do 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

....do 



-do. 



Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Treaty. R e c ognition, 

peace, and friendship. 
Convention. Commerce. 
Treaty. Amity and 

general relations. 
Treaty. Peace and 

friendship. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Treaty. E e c o g nition , 

peace, and friendship. 
Treaty. Peace and 

friendship. 
Treaty. Friendship 

and commerce. 
Treaty. Peace and 

friendship. 
Convention. Commerce. 

Exchange of notes. 
Commerce and naviga- 
tion. 

Treaty. Peace and 
friendship. 

Convention. Commerce. 



Treaty. Erie ndship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 

Treaty. Peace and 
commerce. 

Treaty. Peace and 
recognition. 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



Signed. 



21 Sept., 1863 

30 June, 1892 

22 Feb., 1895 
21 Dec, 1921 

21 July, 1847 

5 Oct., 1908 

23 Apr., 1844 

10 Oct., 1864 

30 Jan., 1881 

10 May, 1850 
26 Nov., 1921 

15 May, 1861 
30 Dec, 1893 

12 Feb., 1899 



23 Sept., 1903 

29 May, 1863 

28 Mar., 1900 
15 May., 1911 

28 Dec, 1836 

20 Nov., 1861 
25 July, 1850 

10 Sept., 1880 
4 Mar., 1842 

14 Aug., 1879 
1 Dec, 1908 
6 Feb., 1895 

24 June, 1865 
5 Nov., 1908 

23 Feb., 1870 

14 Sept., 1782 
19 July, 1870 



20 May, 1882 



Termination 
notified. 



Termination 
effective. 



Replaced by- 



By France . . . 
10 Sept., 1918 

By Spain 

20 Dec, 1921 
20 June, 1894 
29 June, 1894 

By Greece 

20 Feb., 1919 



By Rumania. 
4 Apr., 1921 
By Russia... 
24 Oct., 1917 



10 Dec, 1921 
20 Dec, 1922 



4 Apr., 1922 
24 Jan., 1918 



20 Most-favored-nation treatment is granted in regard to customs duties. 

67 The following countries receive most-favored-nation treatment in Spain by royal orders of various dates: 



America, United States of 30 Aug. , 

Cuba 16 Nov., 

/29 Jan., 
■U8 Feb., 



1906 
1910 



1918 



Egypt 

Luxemburg - • 27 Apr., 

Portugal.. 23 Sept., 1913 

Tunis 10 June, 1887 

68 For summary, see Bd. Tr. J. 15 Dec, 1921. Does not contain the general most-favored-nation 
clause. 



APPENDIX. 



897 



SWEDEN. 

(A) 5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS) 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
eflective. 


Replaced by »— 


Germany 

Spain 


Treaty. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce. 


2 May, 1911 
27 Jnae, 1892 


By Sweden . . 
15 Dec, 1920 

By Spain 

20 Sept., 1918 


16 Mar., 1921 
20 June, 1921 


Exchange of 
notes. Com- 
merces* 
19/20 June, 
1921. 
Extended 
29 Dec., 1921. 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



America, 
United 
States of. 

Argentina 

Austria-Hun- 
gary. 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 



Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 



.do. 



China. 



Egypt. 
France . 



Great Britain. 
Greece 



Italy... 
Japan . . 

Liberia . 



12 Feb., 
30 Dec, 

13 July, 
18 Mar., 



1890 
1881 
1892 
1826 



27 Oct., 1852 



Mexico . . 
Alorocco . 



Netherlands . 
Persia 



Portugal. . 
Rumania. 



Russia . 



Serb-Croat- 
S 1 oven e 
State. 

Siam 



Turkey. 



1862 
1911 



Exchange of notes. 
Commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
comjnerce, and navi- 
gation. 

D eclaration . Customs . . 

T r eaty . C ommerce 

Convention. Commerce 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

do 

Convention. Customs.. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

do 

Treaty. Peace and com- 
merce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
navigation. 

Treaty. Friendship and 
commerce. 

Declaration. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Convention. Commerce. 



Declaration. Commerce. 



Treaty. Friendship , 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 



Treaty. Commerce and 10 Jan., 1737 
navigation. 



4 July, 1827 



17 July, 1885 
3 Nov., 1873 

11 June, 1895 
10 May, 1906 

20 Mar., 1847 



14 July, 
19 May, 

do.. 

1 Sept., 

29 July, 
14 May, 

25 Sept., 

17 Nov., 

16 Apr., 
3 Mar., 



1863 



1885 
1763 



1847 
1857 



1904 
1910 



Aug., 1906 



11 Apr., 1907 



18 May, 1868 



By United : 4 Feb., 

States. I 
4 Feb., 1918. ! 



1919 



By France. .. 
10 Sept. ,1918 



A gr eement 
Commerce."" 
1 Mar., 1922. 



^ For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

«9 State Department dispatch No. 116, Madrid, 2 Feb., 1922; Ga. de Madrid, 22 June, 1921. 

'"Nation, 114:405. 



898 



HANDBOOK OF COMMERCIAL TREATIES. 
SWITZERLAND.^! 



(A)5 TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES. (CONVENTIONAL TARIFFS.) 



Treaties 
with — 



Austria-Huii- 
^gary. 
France 



Germany. 



Italy. 



Portugal 

Serb- Croat- 

Slovene 

State. 
Spain 



Description. 



I Signed. 



Treaty. Commerce 9 Mar., 1906 

Convention. Commerce- 20 Oct., 1906 



Treaty. Commerce and 
customs. 

Treaty. Commerce 

do 



10 Dec, 1891 

12 Nov., 1904 

13 July, 1904 



Convention. Commerce. 1 20 Dec, 1905 
Treaty. Commerce i 2S Feb., 1907 



-do • 1 Sept., 1906 



Termination 
notified. 



By Switzer- 
land, 1919. 
By France... 
10 Sept., 1919 



By Italy 

10 Jan., 1917 



By Switzer- 
land, 1918, 

By Spain 

20 Sept., 1918 



Termination > r>„^i„„„j u = 
effective, i Replaced by ^ 



IJuly, 1921 



June, 1921 



20 May, 1921 \ Exchange of 
j notes.72 Com- 
merce. 
I 12 July, 1921. 
\ (To t er mi- 
nate 15 Mar., 
1922)." 



(B) TREATIES PLEDGING MOST-FAVORED-NATION TREATMENT IN GENERAL TERMS 
OR PROVIDING FOR MINIMUM TARIFF RATES. 



Belgium , 

Bulgaria 

Chile 

China 

Colombia 

Denmark 

Ecuador 

Great Britain 

Greece 

Japan 

Montenegro.. 
Netherlands . 

Norway 

Persia 

Rumania 

Russia 

Salvador 



Treaty. Commerce 

Exchange of notes. Com- 
merce. 

Treaty. Commerce 

Declaration. Most-fa- 
vored-nation treat- 
ment. 

Treaty. Estabhshment 
and commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce and 
establishment. 

Treaty. Establish- 

ment and commerce. 

Treaty. Friendship, 
commerce, etc 

Convention. Commerce. 



3 July, 188 9 
17 Feb., 1906 



31 Oct., 
13 June, 



1897 
1918 



14 Mar., 1908 
10 Feb.^ 1875 
22 June, 1888 
6 Sept., 1855 
10 June, 1887 



Treaty. Establish- i 21 June, 1911 

ment and commerce. 
Agreement. Commerce. 31 Dec, 1910 
Treaty. Establish- 19 Aug., 1875 

ment and commerce. 
Exchange of notes. 5 May, 1906 

Commerce. 28 May, 1906 

Treaty. Friendship and 23 July, 1873 

commerce. 
Convention. Commerce. 3 Mar., 1893 
Convention. Settlement 26 Dec, 1872 

and commerce. 
Treaty; Establish- 30 Oct., 1883 

ment and commerce. 



By Greece — 
18 Mar., 1920. 



5 For explanations concerning treaties in lists marked (A) see p. 871. 

' 1 Switzerland has a new general tariff, effective 1 July, 1921, at which time such of the old conventioiial 
tariff treaties as were still in force, terminated. At present all countries receive general rates, but negotia- 
tions for new conventional tariff treaties are being carried on. (State Department dispatch No. 171, Berne, 
14 Feb., 1922.) 

72 State Department dispatch, No. 2461, Madrid, 27 June, 1921. 

" Ibid., Madrid, 4 Mar., 1922. 



APPENDIX. 899 

TURKEY.^* 

(A)& TREATIES GRANTING SPECIFIED TARIFF RATES (CONVENTIONAL TARIFF). 



Treaties 
with— 


Description. 


Signed. 


Termination 
notified. 


Termination 
effective. 


Replaced by ^— 


Bulgaria 

Greece 


Convention. ComTnerce. 
Treaty. Commerce and 

navigation. 
Treaty. Commerce 


19 Feb., 1911 
12 Apr., 1903 

12 Aug., 1901 











2 July, 19172 
29 Aug., 1916 2 

















(B) TREATIES PLEDGING 



MOST- FAVORED-NATION 
TERMS. 



TREATMENT IN GENERAL 



America, 
United 
States of.4 

Belgium 



Brazil 

Derunark. . 
Egypt j 



Treaty. Commerce and | 7 May, 1830 
navigation. 



France . . . 
Germany. 



Great Britain 

Italy 

Montenegro. . . 
Netherlands . . 
Norway 



Portugal. 
Russia.. 



Serb-C r o a t- 
Slovene 
State. 

Spain 



Sweden . 



Treaty. Friend ship, 
commerce, and navi- 
gation. 
do 

Treaty. Commerce 

Agreement. Customs... 

Convention. Commerce. 

Treaty. Commerce, 
friendsliip, and navi- 
gation . 

Capitulations 

Treaty of peace 

Convention. Commerce. 

Capitulations 

Protocol. Most-favored- 
nation treatment. 

Declaration. Commerce. 

Convention. Commerce 
and navigation. 

Treaty. Commerce 



3 Aug., 1838 



5 Feb., 1858 

1 May, ISil 

18 Dec, 1890 

25 Nov., 1838 

26 Aug., 1890 



Treaty. Peace and 

commerce. 
Treaty. Conxmerce and 

navigation. 



1675 

18 Oct., 1912 
4 Mar., 1909 
15 Sept., 1680 
13 June, 1907 

llJan., 1890 
21 June, 1783 

28 May, 1906 



14 Sept., 1782 
10 Jan., 1737 



5 Nov., 19142 



5 Nov., 19142 



SNov., 19J42 
2 Dec, 19142 



2 Date of declaration of war. 

* Diplomatic relations severed 20 Apr., 1917. 

5 For explanations concerning treaties in Usts marked (A) see p. 871. 

74 The customs protocol of 25 Apr., 1907, providing for an 11 per cent ad valorem duty, is in force in Turkey. 
A mixed co mmi ssion settles disputes between customs officials and importers and handles cases for the 
AUied and Associated Powers and neutral States. 



54083—22- 



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